- published: 05 Sep 2013
- views: 2
43:44
The Permian--Triassic Extinction Event
A look back 250 million years ago when a massive volcanic eruption, (in what is now Siberi...
published: 05 Sep 2013
The Permian--Triassic Extinction Event
The Permian--Triassic Extinction Event
A look back 250 million years ago when a massive volcanic eruption, (in what is now Siberia), spewed lava one mile thick over an area the size of Texas; caused intense climatic change that killed 95% of the life on the planet and paved the way for the next dominant species -- the dinosaurs. The Permian--Triassic (P--Tr) extinction event, informally known as the Great Dying, was an extinction event that occurred 252.28 Ma (million years) ago, forming the boundary between the Permian and Triassic geologic periods, as well as the Paleozoic and Mesozoic eras. It is the Earth's most severe known extinction event, with up to 96% of all marine species and 70% of terrestrial vertebrate species becoming extinct. It is the only known mass extinction of insects. Some 57% of all families and 83% of all genera became extinct. Because so much biodiversity was lost, the recovery of life on Earth took significantly longer than after any other extinction event, possibly up to 10 million years. Suggested mechanisms for the latter include large or multiple bolide impact events, increased volcanism, coal/gas fires and explosions from the Siberian Traps, and sudden release of methane clathrate from the sea floor; gradual changes include sea-level change, anoxia, increasing aridity, and a shift in ocean circulation driven by climate change. The final stages of the Permian had two flood basalt events. A small one, Emeishan Traps in China, occurred at the same time as the end-Guadalupian extinction pulse, in an area close to the equator at the time. The flood basalt eruptions that produced the Siberian Traps constituted one of the largest known volcanic events on Earth and covered over 2,000,000 square kilometres (770,000 sq mi) with lava. The Siberian Traps eruptions were formerly thought to have lasted for millions of years, but recent research dates them to 251.2 ± 0.3 Ma — immediately before the end of the Permian. The Emeishan and Siberian Traps eruptions may have caused dust clouds and acid aerosols—which would have blocked out sunlight and thus disrupted photosynthesis both on land and in the photic zone of the ocean, causing food chains to collapse. These eruptions may also have caused acid rain when the aerosols washed out of the atmosphere. This may have killed land plants and molluscs and planktonic organisms which had calcium carbonate shells. The eruptions would also have emitted carbon dioxide, causing global warming. When all of the dust clouds and aerosols washed out of the atmosphere, the excess carbon dioxide would have remained and the warming would have proceeded without any mitigating effects. The Siberian Traps had unusual features that made them even more dangerous. Pure flood basalts produce a lot of runny lava and do not hurl debris into the atmosphere. It appears, however, that 20% of the output of the Siberian Traps eruptions was pyroclastic, i.e. consisted of ash and other debris thrown high into the atmosphere, increasing the short-term cooling effect. The basalt lava erupted or intruded into carbonate rocks and into sediments that were in the process of forming large coal beds, both of which would have emitted large amounts of carbon dioxide, leading to stronger global warming after the dust and aerosols settled. There is doubt, however, about whether these eruptions were enough on their own to cause a mass extinction as severe as the end-Permian. Equatorial eruptions are necessary to produce sufficient dust and aerosols to affect life worldwide, whereas the much larger Siberian Traps eruptions were inside or near the Arctic Circle. Furthermore, if the Siberian Traps eruptions occurred within a period of 200,000 years, the atmosphere's carbon dioxide content would have doubled. Recent climate models suggest such a rise in CO2 would have raised global temperatures by 1.5 to 4.5°C (2.7 to 8.1°F), which is unlikely to cause a catastrophe as great as the P--Tr extinction. In January 2011, a team led by Stephen Grasby of the Geological Survey of Canada—Calgary, reported evidence that volcanism caused massive coal beds to ignite, possibly releasing more than 3 trillion tons of carbon. The team found ash deposits in deep rock layers near what is now Buchanan Lake. According to their article, "... coal ash dispersed by the explosive Siberian Trap eruption would be expected to have an associated release of toxic elements in impacted water bodies where fly ash slurries developed ...", and "Mafic megascale eruptions are long-lived events that would allow significant build-up of global ash clouds". In a statement, Grasby said, "In addition to these volcanoes causing fires through coal, the ash it spewed was highly toxic and was released in the land and water, potentially contributing to the worst extinction event in earth history."- published: 05 Sep 2013
- views: 2
1:18
Triassic Marine Reptiles
An overview of reptiles found in Triassic marine ecosystems. http://eis.bris.ac.uk/~ts0438...
published: 21 Mar 2013
author: fossiltom
Triassic Marine Reptiles
Triassic Marine Reptiles
An overview of reptiles found in Triassic marine ecosystems. http://eis.bris.ac.uk/~ts0438/Home.html http://www.bristol.ac.uk/earthsciences/people/thomas-l-s...- published: 21 Mar 2013
- views: 564
- author: fossiltom
57:12
Permian - Triassic Mayhem: Earth's Largest Mass Extinction
Royal Tyrrell Museum Spealer Series 2013 Beniot Beauchamp, Ph.D. - University of Calgary P...
published: 11 Feb 2013
author: RoyalTyrrellMuseum
Permian - Triassic Mayhem: Earth's Largest Mass Extinction
Permian - Triassic Mayhem: Earth's Largest Mass Extinction
Royal Tyrrell Museum Spealer Series 2013 Beniot Beauchamp, Ph.D. - University of Calgary Permian - Triassic Mayhem: Lead-up, Catastrophe and Aftermath of the...- published: 11 Feb 2013
- views: 1664
- author: RoyalTyrrellMuseum
5:00
3d Animation Germany in the Triassic
Germany in the triassic by piranha.dl....
published: 03 Feb 2012
author: denny both
3d Animation Germany in the Triassic
3d Animation Germany in the Triassic
Germany in the triassic by piranha.dl.- published: 03 Feb 2012
- views: 426
- author: denny both
4:00
Dinosaur Supremacy - Walking With Dinosaurs - BBC
Using CGI, this clip shows how speed, agility and brute strength gave giant reptiles the e...
published: 04 Aug 2012
author: BBCEarth
Dinosaur Supremacy - Walking With Dinosaurs - BBC
Dinosaur Supremacy - Walking With Dinosaurs - BBC
Using CGI, this clip shows how speed, agility and brute strength gave giant reptiles the edge in the Triassic period. Great clip from BBC Walking with Dinosa...- published: 04 Aug 2012
- views: 20216
- author: BBCEarth
5:52
The Triassic Period
Geology project......
published: 08 May 2011
author: fortunecookie75
The Triassic Period
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Triassic Park
God creates dinosaurs. God destroys dinosaurs. God creates man. Man destroys God. Man crea...
published: 22 Sep 2012
author: Kevin Sandau
Triassic Park
Triassic Park
God creates dinosaurs. God destroys dinosaurs. God creates man. Man destroys God. Man creates dinosaurs. Kevin goes to Hawaii.- published: 22 Sep 2012
- views: 1289
- author: Kevin Sandau
1:08
Triassic Fark (Jurassic Park Parody)
Ahh Nostalgia Park, remember sitting there as a kid with your chocolate milk and being pis...
published: 27 Feb 2013
author: EpicFaceFist
Triassic Fark (Jurassic Park Parody)
Triassic Fark (Jurassic Park Parody)
Ahh Nostalgia Park, remember sitting there as a kid with your chocolate milk and being piss-scared of Jeff Goldblum?...Me neither. Voices by Speedosausage: h...- published: 27 Feb 2013
- views: 190522
- author: EpicFaceFist
1:23
Triassic Fark Da Los Wurl (Jurassic Park 2 Parody)
Remember when Jeff Goldblum ruled the Earth 65 million years ago?
Good times, Good times.
...
published: 20 Sep 2013
Triassic Fark Da Los Wurl (Jurassic Park 2 Parody)
Triassic Fark Da Los Wurl (Jurassic Park 2 Parody)
Remember when Jeff Goldblum ruled the Earth 65 million years ago? Good times, Good times. OneyNG Voiced the dude being mauled by Compies: http://www.youtube.com/user/OneyNG Brock Baker did the other voices: http://www.youtube.com/user/McGoiter Sound effects from Freesound: http://www.freesound.org/browse/- published: 20 Sep 2013
- views: 37264
8:15
Walking With Dinosaurs Live Manchester - The Triassic
Huxley (Rob Carroll) introduces us to the first dinosaurs we Walk with - the agile carnivo...
published: 02 Aug 2009
author: Kinkyclawz
Walking With Dinosaurs Live Manchester - The Triassic
Walking With Dinosaurs Live Manchester - The Triassic
Huxley (Rob Carroll) introduces us to the first dinosaurs we Walk with - the agile carnivore Liliensternus and the gentle herbivore, Plateosaurus.- published: 02 Aug 2009
- views: 8725
- author: Kinkyclawz
13:35
Triassic Terror Review - with Ryan Metzler
Ryan examines the Triassic Terror board game from Gryphon Games Buy great games at http://...
published: 07 May 2013
author: The Dice Tower
Triassic Terror Review - with Ryan Metzler
Triassic Terror Review - with Ryan Metzler
Ryan examines the Triassic Terror board game from Gryphon Games Buy great games at http://www.coolstuffinc.com Find more reviews and videos at http://www.dic...- published: 07 May 2013
- views: 3694
- author: The Dice Tower
11:18
Triassic Terror Review - with Tom and Melody Vasel
Tom and Melody take a look at this dinosaur board game from Eagle
Buy great games at http...
published: 25 Sep 2013
Triassic Terror Review - with Tom and Melody Vasel
Triassic Terror Review - with Tom and Melody Vasel
Tom and Melody take a look at this dinosaur board game from Eagle Buy great games at http://www.coolstuffinc.com Find more reviews and videos at http://www.dicetower.com- published: 25 Sep 2013
- views: 3014
83:53
Triassic Attack 2012 - FILM COMPLET EN FRANÇAIS
Film Entier En Français film entier en francais comedie,filme complet en francais comedie,...
published: 24 Mar 2013
author: samra mohsin
Triassic Attack 2012 - FILM COMPLET EN FRANÇAIS
Triassic Attack 2012 - FILM COMPLET EN FRANÇAIS
Film Entier En Français film entier en francais comedie,filme complet en francais comedie,file entier en francais comique,film comique francais,film d'action...- published: 24 Mar 2013
- views: 4655
- author: samra mohsin
Youtube results:
2:21
Evolution Permian-Triassic Extinction
http://www.myspace.com/acorvettes One of the most dramatic and mysterious events in the hi...
published: 21 Jul 2007
author: Al Mazurek III
Evolution Permian-Triassic Extinction
Evolution Permian-Triassic Extinction
http://www.myspace.com/acorvettes One of the most dramatic and mysterious events in the history of life, the so-called "Great Dying" of animals and plants so...- published: 21 Jul 2007
- views: 37138
- author: Al Mazurek III
3:20
Triassic Treasures - 230 Million Years & Counting
Approximately 230 million years ago during the Triassic Period, vast areas were covered wi...
published: 28 Oct 2012
author: Tvpresenter4history
Triassic Treasures - 230 Million Years & Counting
Triassic Treasures - 230 Million Years & Counting
Approximately 230 million years ago during the Triassic Period, vast areas were covered with a flat inland sea. Through the geological periods, this ancient ...- published: 28 Oct 2012
- views: 566
- author: Tvpresenter4history
22:11
Minecraft Dinosaurs - Triassic Troubles - #36 - "Compsognathus and Death...Lots of death"
Welcome to this Triassic Trip through the wonderful blocks of Minecraft. The Fossils and A...
published: 11 Sep 2013
Minecraft Dinosaurs - Triassic Troubles - #36 - "Compsognathus and Death...Lots of death"
Minecraft Dinosaurs - Triassic Troubles - #36 - "Compsognathus and Death...Lots of death"
Welcome to this Triassic Trip through the wonderful blocks of Minecraft. The Fossils and Archeology Mod adds Blocks, Items and Mobs all pertaining to, as the name suggests, dinosaur fossils and archeology. Should be a cretaceous time! Fossils and Archeology Revival for Minecraft 1.5.2 Mod: http://www.minecraftforum.net/topic/1708636-152sspsmp-fossils-and-archeology-revival-152-build-0005-pre-release-updated-june-1-2013/- published: 11 Sep 2013
- views: 263
16:46
Carnivores Triassic - The Thrills of the Triassic Sector
Thrilling hunts packed with even more thrilling creatures. Venture to the Triassic sector ...
published: 22 Jan 2013
author: CarnivoresSaga
Carnivores Triassic - The Thrills of the Triassic Sector
Carnivores Triassic - The Thrills of the Triassic Sector
Thrilling hunts packed with even more thrilling creatures. Venture to the Triassic sector to take on the challenge of hunting Triassic Reptiles and early din...- published: 22 Jan 2013
- views: 5472
- author: CarnivoresSaga