Reza ([ɾeˈzɒː], also spelled Raza, Reda, Redha, Rida, Ridha [rɪˈdˤɑ], Rizah, Rıza [ɾɯˈzɑ], Ridho, Ridlo or Roda; Arabic: رضا‎, Riḍā) is a male given name used commonly in the Muslim world, mainly between Persian-speakers. It comes from Arabic and means contentment. It also appears as a surname.

Etymology[link]

Rida (Reza) is an Islamic concept rooted in the Qur'an and the practices. This idea of contentment is expressed in two Qur'anic verses which discuss the contentment of Allah with believers and, conversely, of believers with Allah:

Allah was well pleased with the believers... (^{[Quran 48:18]})

Muslims believe that Allah's pleasure with the servant is expressed through his gifts both material and spiritual and the servant's pleasure with Allah is the name of his obedience to Allah's commands and submission to his will. Rida on the part of the human also includes his determination to accept Allah's decree irrespective of whether it is favourable or unfavourable.^{[citation needed]}

Because the Arabic dh sound (comparable to the English th) does not exist in the Persian language, Persian-speakers replace the sound with a z. This pronunciation was also adopted by other languages influenced by Persian, most of all Turkish and Hindustani. In the Maghreb region, the name is spelled Reda, due to the French influence during the colonial times.

Given name[link]

• Reda Acimi, Algerian footballer
• Reda El Amrani, Moroccan tennis player
• Reda El-Weshi, Egyptian footballer
• Redha al-Najar, Tunisian prisoner
• Redha Tukar, Saudi Arabian footballer
• Reza Abbasi (1565–1635), a Persian painter and calligrapher
• Reza Abdoh, Iranian-born American director
• Reza Abedini, Iranian designer
• Reza Ahadi, Iranian footballer
• Reza Afshari, Iranian historian
• Reza Alamouti, Iranian political activist
• Reza Alinejad, Iranian juvenile offender
• Reza Allamehzadeh, Persian-born Dutch film-maker
• Reza Amirkhani, Persian novelist
• Reza Davari Ardakani, Iranian philosopher
• Reza Aslan, Iranian-American scholar, author, and journalist
• Reza Badiyi, American film director
• Reza Baraheni, Iranian novelist
• Reza Chahkhandagh, Iranian judoka
• Reza Deghati, professionally known as Reza, an Iranian-born photojournalist
• Reza Dehghani, Iranian fashion designer
• Reza Khelili Dylami, Swedish politician
• Reza Enayati, Iranian footballer
• Reza Fayazi, Iranian film director
• Reza Ghadiri, Iranian-American chemist
• Reza Ghoochannejhad, Iranian-Dutch footballer
• Reza Ghotbi, Iranian politician
• Reza Hassanzadeh, Iranian footballer
• Reza Qolikhan Hedayat, Persian writer
• Reza Hosseini, Iranian humanitarian
• Reza Iravani, Iranian academic
• Reza Jabbari, Iranian footballer
• Reza Shafiei Jam, Iranian actor
• Reza Khaleghifar, Iranian footballer
• Reza Khan, Afghan Islamist
• Reza Kianian, Iranian actor
• Reza Shah-Kazemi, British author
• Reza Malekzadeh, Iranian physician
• Reza Mansouri, Iranian physicist
• Reza Moridi, Canadian politician
• Reza Naji, Iranian actor
• Reza Niknazar, Iranian footballer
• Reza Feiz Noroozi, Iranian actor
• Reza Ostadi, Iranian politician
• Reza Pahlavi, last crown prince of the former Imperial State of Iran
• Reza Parsa, Swedish film director
• Reza Olfati-Saber, Iranian roboticist
• Reza Sadeghi, Iranian pop singer
• Reza Sahebi, Iranian footballer
• Reza Samani, Iranian musician
• Reza Soukhteh Saraei, Iranian wrestler
• Reza Shah Pahlavi, Shah of Iran
• Reza Shahroudi, Iranian footballer
• Reza Talabeh, Iranian footballer
• Reza Torabian, Iranian footballer
• Reza Taslimi, Iranian intelligence officer
• Reza Vatankhah, Iranian footballer
• Reza Vohdani, Iranian musician
• Reza Yazdani, Iranian wrestler
• Reza Zanjani, Iranian politician
• Reza Zarei, Iranian military commander
• Rida Al Abdullah, Iraqi singer
• Rida al-Rikabi, Syrian politician
• Rida Lah Douliazale, Moroccan footballer
• Rida Said, Syrian physician
• Rıza Çalımbay, Turkish footballer
• Rıza Kayaalp (born 1989), Turkish wrestler
• Rıza Nur, Turkish politician
• Rıza Şen, Turkish footballer
• Rıza Tevfik Bölükbaşı, Turkish scientist
• Rizah Mešković, Bosnian footballer

This page or section lists people that share the same given name. If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change that link to point directly to the intended article.

Derived names[link]

Ali Reza[link]

• People with the given name, after Ali Reza (765-818), Imam, more commonly known as Ali ar-Ridha

Mohammad Reza[link]

• Mohammad Reza Adelkhani
• Mohammad-Reza Aref
• Mohammad Reza Bateni
• Mohammad Reza Bahonar
• Mohammad Reza Eskandari
• Mohammad-Reza Foroutan
• Mohammad Reza Golzar
• Mohammad Reza Golpaygani
• Mohammad Reza Hedayati
• Mohammad Reza Hafeznia
• Mohammad Reza Honarmand
• Mohammad Reza Heidarian
• Mohammad Reza Jozi
• Mohammad Reza Khalatbari
• Mohammad-Reza Shafiei-Kadkani
• Mohammad-Reza Mahdavi Kani
• Mohammad-Reza Lotfi
• Mohammad Reza Mamani
• Mohammad Reza Mahdavi
• Mohammad Reza Mahdavi
• Mohammad Reza Pahlavi (October 26, 1919 – July 27, 1980), the second Shah of the Pahlavi Dynasty and the last Shah of Iran
• Mohammad Reza Roudaki
• Mohammad Reza Rahimi
• Mohammad Reza Saket
• Mohammad-Reza Shajarian
• Mohamad Reza Sharifinia
• Mohammed Reza Taheri-azar
• Mohammad Reza Tavassoli
• Muhammad Reza Widodo (September 1990 - Present) Former President of Asian Law Students Association 2010/2011
• Mohammad Reza Modarresi-Yazdi
• Mohammad-Reza Zahedi
• Mohammad Reza Zarrindast

Surname[link]

• Ahmed Rıza, Turkish academic
• Farhad Reza (born 1986), Bangladeshi cricketer
• Fazlollah Reza (born 1915), an Iranian university professor
• Ghaleb Rida, Lebanese basketball player
• Hadem Rida, Palestinian politician
• Lilia Merodio Reza (born 1978), Mexican politician
• Liudvikas Rėza (1776–1840), Prussian-Lithuanian author a.k.a. Ludwig Rhesa
• Maruf Reza (fl. 2000s), Bangladeshi cricketer
• Ömer Rıza, English footballer
• Rashid Rida, Syrian scholar
• Yasmina Reza (born 1959), an Iranian-French playwright

This page or section lists people with the surname Reza. If an internal link intending to refer to a specific person led you to this page, you may wish to change that link by adding the person's given name(s) to the link.

Fictional characters[link]

• Reza, character in Gol & Gincu television series
• Reza Temiz, character in Dreamfall: The Longest Journey game

External links[link]

• Reza – Origin and Meaning of the name Reza at BabyNames.com

This article relies on references to primary sources or sources affiliated with the subject, rather than references from independent authors and third-party publications. Please add citations from reliable sources. (November 2007)

Reza Aslan
Born	(1972-05-03) 3 May 1972 (age 40) Tehran, Tehran Province, Iran
Occupation	Writer, Islamic thinker
Nationality	American
Spouse(s)	Jessica Jackley

Reza Aslan (Persian رضا اصلان, born May 3, 1972) is an Iranian-American activist, a nationally acclaimed writer of religions. He is on the faculty at the University of California, Riverside, and is a contributing editor for The Daily Beast. His books include the international bestseller, No god but God: The Origins, Evolution, and Future of Islam, which has been translated into thirteen languages, and named one of the 100 most important books of the last decade. He is also the author of How to Win a Cosmic War, published in paperback as Beyond Fundamentalism: Confronting Religious Extremism in a Globalized Age. He is also editor of Tablet & Pen: Literary Landscapes from the Modern Middle East, published by W. W. Norton, and co-editor with Aaron Hahn-Tapper of Muslims and Jews in America: Commonalities, Contentions, and Complexities, published by Palgrave Macmillan. Dr. Reza Aslan is CEO of Aslan Media Inc., whose holdings include BoomGen Studios, the first ever motion picture studio entirely focused on entertainment content about the Greater Middle East and its globally dispersed communities. His non-profit organization, Aslan Media Initiatives (AslanMedia.com), uses social-media technology to provide news and information about the Middle East to young people all over the world.

Background[link]

Aslan's family came to the United States from Tehran in 1979, fleeing the Iranian Revolution. He grew up in the San Francisco Bay Area. In the early 1990s, Aslan taught courses at De La Salle High School in Concord, California. Iranian singer Leila Forouhar is his aunt.

Aslan holds a Bachelor of Arts' degree in religions from Santa Clara University, a Master of Theological Studies' degree from Harvard Divinity School, a doctorate in the sociology of religions from the University of California, Santa Barbara, and a Master of Fine Arts' degree from the University of Iowa's Writers' Workshop, where he was named the Truman Capote Fellow in Fiction. He is a member of the Council on Foreign Relations, the Los Angeles Institute for the Humanities, and the Pacific Council on International Policy. He has served as Legislative Assistant for the Friends Committee on National Legislation in Washington D.C., and was elected President of the World Conference of Religions for Peace, Harvard Chapter. He serves on the board of directors of the Ploughshares Fund, PEN Center USA, and serves on the national advisory board of the Levantine Cultural Center.

As Contributing Editor, Aslan has written numerous articles for The Daily Beast. He has also written for various newspapers and periodicals, including The Christian Science Monitor, the Los Angeles Times, The New York Times, Slate, The Boston Globe, The Washington Post, The Guardian, the Chicago Tribune, and The Nation. He has made numerous appearances on TV and radio, including National Public Radio (NPR), PBS, The Rachel Maddow Show, Meet the Press, The Daily Show with Jon Stewart, The Colbert Report, Anderson Cooper 360°, Hardball, Nightline, Real Time with Bill Maher, Fareed Zakaria GPS, and ABC Australia's Big Ideas.^[1]

Currently[link]

Aslan is President and CEO of Aslan Media Inc., whose holdings include BoomGen Studios, a mini-motion picture and media company focused entirely on entertainment about the Greater Middle East and its Diaspora communities. He currently lives in Hollywood, California where he is Associate Professor of Creative Writing at the University of California, Riverside. In addition, he is a Research Associate at the University of Southern California's Center on Public Diplomacy.

War on Terrorism[link]

Aslan refers to Al Qaeda's jihad against west as "a cosmic war", distinct from holy war, in which rival religious groups are engaged in an earthly battle for material goals. "A cosmic war is like a ritual drama in which participants act out on earth a battle they believe is actually taking place in the heavens." American rhetoric of "war on terrorism", Aslan says, is in precise "cosmic dualism" to Al Qaeda's jihad. Aslan draws a distinction between Islamism and Jihadism. Islamists have legitimate goals and can be negotiated with, unlike Jihadists, who dream of an idealized past of a pan Islamic borderless "religious communalism". Aslan's prescription for winning the cosmic war is to not fight one and engage moderate Islamic political forces in democratic process. "Throughout the Middle East, whenever moderate Islamist parties have been allowed to participate in the political process, popular support for more extremist groups has diminished."^[2]

Other publications[link]

• 'The Struggle for Islam's Soul', essay in With All Our Might: A Progressive Strategy for Defeating Jihadism and Defending Liberty, Will Marshall, ed. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Inc., 2006.
• 'From Here to Mullahcracy', essay in My Sister, Guard Your Veil; My Brother, Guard Your Eyes: Uncensored Iranian Voices, Lila Azam Zanganeh, ed. Beacon Press, 2006.
• 'Forward', Ritual: Perspectives and Dimensions, Catherine Bell, Oxford University Press, 2009.
• 'Losing the War', The New World Reader, Gilbert H Muller, ed., CUNY Press, 2010.
• 'Preface', Reframing 9/11: Film, Popular Culture and the War on Terror, Jeff Birkenstein, Anna Froula, and Karen Randell, eds. Continuum, 2010.
• 'Preface'. Religion and the New Atheism: A Critical Appraisal, Amarnath Amarasingam, ed. Brill, 2010.

Quotations[link]

This section is a candidate to be copied to Wikiquote using the Transwiki process.

This biographical section of an article needs additional citations for verification. Please help by adding reliable sources. Contentious material about living persons that is unsourced or poorly sourced must be removed immediately, especially if potentially libelous or harmful. (April 2012)

• "I believe we are living in the time of the Islamic reformation. In fact, I think we are living in the twilight of that reformation. For me, the word reform is defined by its inevitability. This process cannot be stopped; it can be slowed down for a time but reform is inevitable. It's an historic reformation taking place within Islam — it's adapting itself to the realities of the world around it. I think we'll see the same process we saw in the Christian reformation from doctrinal absolutism to doctrinal relativism; toward a truly indigenous Islamic enlightenment. And it's up to us as Muslims in the US to give voice to that for our brothers and sisters who don't have the voice or the same ability to speak out as we do."
• "It is pluralism—the peaceful coexistence and legal equality between different ethnic, religious or political ideologies—that defines democracy, not secularism."
• "The veil is seen as a symbol of Islam but like all symbols, it's meaningless unless interpreted. The veil is as much a symbol of oppression of women as it is an expression of Muslim femininity. The strangeness of this is that if you go to a country where the veil is either mandatory or there is a lot of pressure to wear it, you'll find the vast majority of women are against it. But, if you go to a country like Turkey where the veil is outlawed in much of the public realm — in the latest polls, 70 percent of the Muslim women want to remove that law."
• "Iraq should look to Israel for a model that combines democracy and religious belief."
• "Despite the apartheid state that has resulted from over half a century of bloody territorial conflicts with its neighboring Palestinian territories, few would deny that the state of Israel is a democracy. At the same time, Israel is a country founded upon an exclusivist Jewish moral framework, which offers all the world's Jews — regardless of their nationality — immediate citizenship, providing them with a host of benefits and privileges over its non-Jewish citizens. It is a country in which the Orthodox rabbinical courts have jurisdiction over all matters relating to Judaism (including who is a Jew); where religious schools (yeshivas) are subsidized by the state, and marriages are religious, rather than civil affairs (meaning no official will marry a Jew to a non-Jew); and the government is dominated by religious parties such as the ultra-Orthodox Shas, the Yahadut Hatorah, and of course the ruling Likud."
• "If we don't figure out a way to strip these conflicts of their religious connotations, then we will never figure out a way to put an end to them. Because as long as these remain cosmic conflicts, they will go on for eternity."
• "A lot of scholars, myself included, believe the future of Islam, especially Islamic democracy, rests in the Shia world. It's Iran and Iraq where the most exciting experiments are being carried out."
• "Iraq’s 2,000-year-old Christian community is on the brink of extinction, its members targeted by al Qaeda attacks and fleeing abroad... This silence cannot stand. Americans of all faiths must band together and pressure the State Department to do something about the wanton murder of Iraqi Christians before it's too late and there are no more Christians in Iraq to protect. What is happening in Iraq is genocide, plain and simple. It must be stopped now."
• "The fact of the matter is that Islam, like all religions, has been in a constant state of evolution for 1400 years. It has been constantly adapting to the spiritual, the cultural, the political, the social realities and the landscape in which it finds itself, which is why there is such a wide diversity of belief and practices within the Muslim world."

See also[link]

• No God but God (book)
• List of Islamic scholars
• Extremism
• List of Muslim reformers

References[link]

External links[link]

• Official website
• Reza Aslan speaks at Asia Society, November 2010 (w/ video)
• at Levantine Cultural Center
• Interview with Reza Aslan from the U.S. Holocaust Memorial Museum
• Reza Aslan's Intellectual Groupie's on Livejournal
• His biography
• The Islamic reformation Reza Aslan speaks with Madrid11.net
• LA Weekly Interview
• Reza Aslan Interview with Islamica Magazine
• Aslan's articles in the Public Diplomacy Blog

Video and audio[link]

• Reza Aslan is a keynote speaker in the upcoming conference December 4–6, 2009 Los Angeles, USC CA
• Reza Aslan interviewed by Bree Walker March 30, 2008
• Reza Aslan talks about The Future of U.S./Iran Relations (video)
• Reza Aslan in Conversation with Jack Miles (video)
• Reza Aslan vs. Sam Harris Debate
• Video debates featuring Aslan on Bloggingheads.tv
• Raza's talk, "How to Get Out of the Cosmic War in the Middle East."
• Reza talks to Cenk Uygur of The Young Turks.

Rita Lee
Rita Lee in 2010
Background information
Birth name	Rita Lee Jones
Also known as	A Rainha do Rock (Queen of Rock)
Born	(1947-12-31) December 31, 1947 (age 64)
Origin	São Paulo, Brazil
Genres	Rock, pop, tropicália, psychedelic rock, avant-garde
Occupations	Singer, songwriter, actress, author, TV host
Instruments	Vocals, flute, theremin, guitar, bass guitar, drums, percussion, piano, synthesizer, harmonica
Years active	1966–present
Labels	Som Livre EMI
Associated acts	Os Mutantes, Gilberto Gil, Pitty, Ronnie Von, Caetano Veloso, Tutti Frutti, Elis Regina, Roberto de Carvalho
Website	Official website

Rita Lee Jones Carvalho (born Rita Lee Jones on December 31, 1947), simply known as Rita Lee, is a Brazilian rock singer and composer. Lee continues to be a popular figure in Brazilian entertainment, where she is also known for being an animal rights activist and a vegetarian. She has sold more than 60 million albums worldwide.

Early life and career[link]

Rita Lee was born in São Paulo, Brazil, to an American Brazilian father, descended from the Confederados, a dentist, and a Brazilian mother of Italian ancestry. She was educated in a French language school and became fluent in Spanish, French and Italian, as well as her native Portuguese and the English that her parents spoke at home.^[1] She went to college, where she was a colleague of the popular actress Regina Duarte, but she soon left to pursue her musical career.

In 1966 Lee formed the band Os Mutantes with Arnaldo Baptista and Sérgio Dias. The band released five albums between 1968 and 1972. In that time, Lee had also released her first two solo works, although these records were produced with fellow members of Os Mutantes. When the band reformed in 2006, she refused to join, calling the reunion an attempt to "earn cash to pay for geriatry".^[2]

Going solo[link]

In late 1972, Rita left Os Mutantes and started a solo career. She was initially part of a female duo with singer Lúcia Turnbull called Cilibrinas do Éden, and after a short time the duo gave birth to the band Rita Lee & Tutti Frutti. This eventually became Lee's backing band. In 1975, she recorded the album Fruto Proibido with the band. The album was praised by critics, sold more than 200,000 copies - a record to Brazilian rock & roll singers at the time - and Rita was given the title "Queen of Rock".^[3] In 2007, the Brazilian edition of Rolling Stone magazine ranked this album as the 16º best Brazilian album of all time in its "100 Best List".^[4] The producer was Andy Mills, producer of Alice Cooper and then Rita's boyfriend.^[3]

In the late 1970s, Lee started a partnership with her husband, Roberto de Carvalho, and many subsequent albums were credited to the duo Lee/Carvalho.^[5] In the late 70s, Lee was mentioned in the Caetano Veloso song Sampa.

In 1976, she was arrested for possession of cannabis. Soon after, she recorded the single "Doce de Pimenta" with singer Elis Regina, and recorded and toured with Gilberto Gil in the show/album "Refestança". Facing trouble with her tutti frutti band mates, Lee started recording with her husband, guitarist Roberto de Carvalho. The couple wrote big hits like "Mania de Você" (79), "Lança Perfume" (80, "Saúde" (81), "Flagra" (82) and "On The Rocks" (83), which presented a new side of Rita Lee as a composer who alternates ballads and pop songs.^[6]

Personal life[link]

Rita Lee was married to fellow Mutante Arnaldo Baptista from 1971 to 1972. In 1976, fellow MPB singer Ney Matogrosso introduced her to guitarist Roberto de Carvalho, whom she married and had three children: Beto Lee, João Lee and Antônio. She's been married to Carvalho for 35 years and refers to him as her "boyfriend".

Other activities[link]

Aside from her musical career, Rita Lee had a humor program called Radio Amador on Brazilian radio for nine months in 1986. That same year, Lee wrote three children's books and appeared in Brazilian movies and TV shows. In 1990 she started her own talk show, called TvLeeZão (a play on "televisão," the Portuguese word for television), on MTV Brasil. From 2002 to 2004 she hosted the Brazilian cable TV talk show Saia Justa. In 2005 she and her husband started a new talk show, called Madame Lee. She also made a brief cameo in the 2002 film Durval Discos. In 2008/2009 she performed a new show called 'Pic Nic Tour.' In 2010 She performed another new show called 'Etc...Tour' revisiting some forgotten songs from her long career. In 2011 she began to produce and record two new albums. The first one with new unreleased songs, the second one called 'Bossa'n Movies' where she continues the project first stated with 'Bossa'n Roll' 1991, 'Bossa'n Beatles' (Aqui, ali, em qualquer lugar). In the album she'll record Brazilian and international movie themes (American, French, Spanish, Italian...). She also confirmed her new tour for May/2011 with Erasmo Carlos, called 'Os Reis do Rock' (King & Queen of the Rock) where they'll change repertoire (She sings his songs, and he sings her songs) plus, a homage to Raul Seixas, and some classic international Rock songs.

In 2011, she contributed the track "Pistis Sophia" to the Red Hot Organization's most recent charitable album "Red Hot+Rio 2." The album is a follow-up to the 1996 "Red Hot + Rio." Proceeds from the sales will be donated to raise awareness and money to fight AIDS/HIV and related health and social issues.

Discography[link]

With Os Mutantes[link]

• 1972: Mutantes e Seus Cometas no País do Baurets (Polydor, 1972)
• 1971: Jardim Elétrico (Polydor, 1971)
• 1971: Tecnicolor (abandoned, released 29 years later) (Universal, 2000)
• 1970: A Divina Comédia ou Ando Meio Desligado (Polydor, 1970)
• 1969: Mutantes (Polydor, 1969)
• 1968: Os Mutantes (Polydor, 1968)
• 1968: Tropicália: ou Panis et Circenses (Philips, 1968. Collective album with Gilberto Gil, Caetano Veloso, Tom Zé, Nara Leão and Gal Costa)

Solo albums[link]

• 2012: Reza
• 2003: Balacobaco
• 2001: Aqui, Ali, Em Qualquer Lugar (aka Bossa'n Beatles)
• 2000: Rita ReLEEda (remixes)
• 2000: 3001
• 1997: Santa Rita de Sampa
• 1993: Todas as Mulheres do Mundo
• 1990: Rita Lee e Roberto de Carvalho
• 1989: Dias Melhores Virão (soundtrack)
• 1988: Zona Zen
• 1987: Flerte Fatal
• 1985: Rita e Roberto
• 1984: Rita Hits (two medleys remixed compilation)
• 1983: Bombom
• 1983: Baila Conmigo (in Spanish)
• 1982: Rita Lee e Roberto de Carvalho
• 1981: Saúde
• 1980: Rita Lee
• 1979: Rita Lee
• 1978: Babilônia
• 1976: Entradas e Bandeiras
• 1975: Fruto Proibido
• 1974: Atrás do Porto Tem uma Cidade
• 1972: Hoje é o Primero Dia do Resto da Sua Vida (Cláudio César Dias Baptista talking and playing "zabumba")
• 1970: Build Up

Live albums[link]

• 2009: Multishow Ao Vivo Rita Lee
• 2004: MTV Ao Vivo (MTV Live)
• 1998: Acústico MTV (MTV Unplugged)
• 1995: A Marca Da Zorra
• 1991: Rita Lee em Bossa 'n' Roll
• 1977: Refestança (with Gilberto Gil)
• 1975: Hollywood Rock (with Erasmo Carlos, Peso & Raul Seixas)

Singles/EPs[link]

• 2002: Rita Lee Novelas
• 1983: Desculpe o Auê / Yoko Ono (Single in Spanish)
• 1977: Arrombou a Festa (Single)
• 1976: Lá Vou Eu (EP)

Spoken albums[link]

• 1996: Tutu, O Menino Indio (spoken album as narrator)
• 1989: Pedro e o Lobo (spoken album as narrator to Peter and the Wolf)

DVDs[link]

• 2009: Multishow Ao Vivo Rita Lee
• 2007: Biograffiti (Box Set 3 DVDs)
• 2006: Grandes Nomes: Rita Lee Jones (Original TV Special From 1980)
• 2004: MTV Ao Vivo (MTV Live)
• 1998: Acústico MTV (Live) (MTV Unplugged)

References[link]

This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (June 2010)

Reza Sadeghi (Persian: رضا صادقی‎, born 1979 in Bandar Abbas, Iran) is an Iranian pop singer and songwriter.

Sadeghi belongs to the new generation of pop singers who emerged in post revolutionary Iran. He gained popularity among young Iranians.^{[2][unreliable source?]} His most famous song is "Black is the color of love" (in Persian "Meshki rang e eshgheh"). His first song was created in 1992. His latest album was released in June 2011 "Dige Meshki Nemipoosham".

In an interview with Tehran TV program "Shabe Shishei", Reza Sadeghi explained that as an infant, due to an extreme fever, his penicillin shot was botched.^[3] At first he was completely paralyzed but he eventually gained the use of almost all his muscles except for those in his leg. For this reason Reza Sadeghi must use a cane when not sitting.

Discography[link]

• 2011 Dige Meshki Nemipoosham (I Don't Wear Black Anymore)
• 2010 Malakut
• 2009 Yeki bud yeki nabud (Once Upon a Time)
• 2006 Vaysa Donya
• 2005 Pirhan Meshki
• 2005 Delam Barat Misooze (Rehearsal)
• 2004 Parchame Meshki (Rehearsal)
• 2004 Koma(Rehearsal)
• 2003 Meshki Range Eshghe
• 2002 Hekayat Meshki Poosh
• 2001 Ashegham Man
• 2000 10 Saniye
• 2000 Ruyay-e Shirin
• 1999 Mastane va Divane
• 1997 Bandar Ghadim
• 1996 Gole Lale
• 1995 Kalagh Gharghari
• 1994 Bale Parvaz
• 1992 Raze Eshghe (with Kimia Group)^[4]

See also[link]

• Persian pop music

Notes[link]

External links[link]

• The official website of reza sadeghi
• The official website of reza sadeghi

کریستین امان پور Christiane Amanpour
Amanpour at the 2011 Time 100 gala
Born	(1958-01-12) January 12, 1958 (age 54) London, England
Education	University of Rhode Island
Occupation	ABC Global Affairs Anchor (2010–present) CNN Anchor and Chief International Correspondent (1992–2010, 2011-present)
Years active	1983–present
Notable credit(s)	Amanpour (CNN International) Anchor (2009–2010, 2012–present) This Week (ABC) Anchor (2010–2011) 60 Minutes (CBS) Reporter (1996–2005)
Spouse	James Rubin (1998–present)
Children	Darius Rubin

Christiane Amanpour, CBE (ⁱ/krɪstʃiˈɑːn ɑːmənˈpʊər-/; Persian: کریستین امان‌پور‎; born January 12, 1958) is the Global Affairs Anchor of ABC News. She is the host of CNN International's nightly interview program Amanpour, the network's Chief International Correspondent and runs the website Amanpour.com for the network's digital platform. She is a board member of the International Women's Media Foundation .^[1]

Early years[link]

Raised in Tehran, Amanpour was born in London, England^[2] to Iranian father Mohammad, a Persian airline executive, and British mother, Patricia.^{[3][dead link]}

After completing her primary education in Iran, she was sent by her parents to boarding school in England when she was 11. She attended New Hall School, an all-girls school located in Chelmsford, Essex, England. Christiane and her family returned to England not long after the Islamic Revolution began. She has stressed that they were not forced to leave the country, but were actually returning to England when Iraq invaded Iran. The family eventually remained in England, finding it difficult to return to Iran.^[4]

After her graduation from New Hall, Amanpour moved to the United States to study journalism at the University of Rhode Island. During her time there, she worked in the news department at WBRU-FM in Providence, Rhode Island. She also worked for NBC affiliate WJAR in Providence, Rhode Island, as an electronic graphics designer.^[5] In 1983, Amanpour graduated from the university summa cum laude with a bachelor of journalism degree.^[6]

CNN[link]

In 1983, she was hired by CNN on the foreign desk in Atlanta, Georgia, as an entry-level desk assistant. During her early years as a correspondent, Amanpour was given her first major assignment covering the Iran-Iraq War, which led to her being transferred in 1986 to Eastern Europe to report on the fall of European communism.^[7] In 1989, she was assigned to work in Frankfurt, Germany, where she reported on the democratic revolutions sweeping Eastern Europe at the time. Through this position, she was able to move up in the company and by 1990 served as a correspondent for CNN's New York bureau.

Following Iraq's occupation of Kuwait in 1990, Amanpour's reports of the Persian Gulf War brought her wide notice while also taking the network to a new level of news coverage. Thereafter, she reported from the Bosnian war and other conflict zones. Because of her emotional delivery from Sarajevo during the Siege of Sarajevo, viewers and critics questioned her professional objectivity, claiming that many of her reports were unjustified and favoured the Bosnian Muslims, to which she replied, "There are some situations one simply cannot be neutral about, because when you are neutral you are an accomplice. Objectivity doesn't mean treating all sides equally. It means giving each side a hearing."^[8] Amanpour gained a reputation for being fearless during the Gulf and Bosnian wars from parachuting into conflict areas.^[9]

From 1992 to 2010, Amanpour was CNN's chief international correspondent as well as the anchor of Amanpour, a daily CNN interview program that aired from 2009–2010. Amanpour has reported on major crises from many of the world's hotspots, including Iraq, Afghanistan, the Palestinian territories, Iran, Israel, Pakistan, Somalia, Rwanda, and the Balkans and from the United States during Hurricane Katrina. She has secured exclusive interviews with world leaders from the Middle East to Europe to Africa and beyond, including Iranian Presidents Mohammad Khatami and Mahmoud Ahmadinejad, as well as the presidents of Afghanistan, Sudan, and Syria, among others.^{[citation needed]} After 9/11, she was the first international correspondent to interview British Prime Minister Tony Blair, French President Jacques Chirac, and Pakistani President Pervez Musharraf.

From 1996 to 2005, she was contracted by 60 Minutes creator Don Hewitt to file four to five in-depth international news reports a year as a special contributor. These reports garnered her a Peabody Award in 1998 (she had earlier been awarded one in 1993). Hewitt's successor Jeff Fager was not a fan of her work and terminated her contract.

She has had many memorable moments in her career, one of them being a telephone interview with Yasser Arafat during the siege on his compound in March 2002, during which Arafat hung up on her.^[10]

Amanpour at the 2009 World Economic Forum in Davos

Bosnian War reporting[link]

On 22 December 1992, during the Bosnian War, Amanpour was reporting from Kiseljak, not far from Sarajevo. Kiseljak was in Croat hands, undamaged, and ostensibly well supplied with necessities. Amanpour reported that, "While people in Sarajevo are dying from starvation, the Serbs are living [in Kiseljak] in plenty," a report that was subsequently criticized by some analysts as spreading "misinformation" and "beautiful lies."[21]

On October 9, 1994, Stephen Kinzer of the New York Times criticized Amanpour's coverage, in general, of the Bosnian War. Kinzer quoted a colleague’s description of Amanpour as she reported on a terrorist bombing in the Markale marketplace of the Bosnian city of Sarajevo:

"[Christiane Amanpour] was sitting in Belgrade when that marketplace massacre happened, and she went on the air to say that the Serbs had probably done it. There was no way she could have known that. She was assuming an omniscience which no journalist has."^[11]

In January 2004, prosecutors in the trial against Stanislav Galić, a Serb general in the siege of Sarajevo, introduced into evidence a report including the testimony of ammunition expert Berko Zečević. Working with two colleagues, Zečević's investigation revealed a total of six possible locations from which the shell in the first Markale massacre could have been fired, of which five were under VRS and one under ARBiH control. The ARBiH site in question was visible to UNPROFOR observers at the time, who reported that no shell was fired from that position. Zečević further reported that certain components of the projectile could only have been produced in one of two places, both of which were under the control of the Army of Republika Srpska. The court would eventually find Galić guilty of all the five shellings prosecutors had charged him with, including Markale's.^[12]

Amanpour has responded to the criticism leveled on her reporting from the war in the former Yugoslavia for "lack of neutrality," stating:

"Some people accused me of being pro-Muslim in Bosnia, but I realised that our job is to give all sides an equal hearing, but in cases of genocide you can't just be neutral. You can't just say, 'Well, this little boy was shot in the head and killed in besieged Sarajevo and that guy over there did it, but maybe he was upset because he had an argument with his wife.' No, there is no equality there, and we had to tell the truth."^[13]

The segment labelled "Democratic Reporting" has been eliminated because it only cited conservative sources critical of Ms. Amanpour or anyone responsible for reporting on issues in ways that conflict with the conservative ideology or narrative.

ABC News[link]

On March 18, 2010, Amanpour announced she would leave CNN for ABC News, where she would anchor This Week. She said, “I’m thrilled to be joining the incredible team at ABC News. Being asked to anchor This Week in the superb tradition started by David Brinkley is a tremendous and rare honor, and I look forward to discussing the great domestic and international issues of the day. I leave CNN with the utmost respect, love, and admiration for the company and everyone who works here. This has been my family and shared endeavor for the past 27 years, and I am forever grateful and proud of all that we have accomplished.”^[14] She hosted her first broadcast on August 1, 2010.

During her first two months as host, the ratings for This Week reached their lowest point since 2003.^[15] On February 28, 2011, she interviewed Muammar Gaddafi and his sons Saif al-Islam and Al-Saadi al-Gaddafi.^[16][17]

On December 13, 2011, ABC announced Amanpour would be leaving her post as anchor of ABC News' This Week on January 8, 2012, and returning to CNN International, where she had previously worked for 27 years, and maintaining a reporting role at ABC News.^[18]

Return to CNN[link]

A day later on December 14, 2011, in statements by ABC and CNN, it was announced that, in a "unique arrangement," Amanpour would begin hosting a program on CNN International in 2012, while continuing at ABC News as a global affairs anchor.^[19]

It was later revealed that in the spring of 2012, CNN International would refresh its lineup, putting the interview show Amanpour back on air.^[20] On-air promotions said she would return to CNN International on April 16. Her 30-minute New York-recorded show - to be screened twice an evening - would mean that the US parent network's Piers Morgan Tonight interview show would be 'bumped' out of its 9:00pm (Central European Time) slot to midnight (CET).^[21]

Personal life[link]

Amanpour is a member of the Committee to Protect Journalists (CPJ) along with many other notable journalists.

Amanpour is married to James Rubin, a former Assistant Secretary of State and spokesman for the US State Department during the Clinton administration and currently an informal adviser to Secretary of State Hillary Clinton and President Barack Obama. Their son, Darius John Rubin, was born in 2000. The family resides in New York City.

She shared a house on the east side of Providence with John F. Kennedy, Jr. and some of his friends while he was attending Brown University and she was attending the University of Rhode Island.^[22]

Amanpour speaks English and Persian fluently.^{[citation needed]}

Screen and media appearances[link]

Amanpour appeared in the Gilmore Girls as herself in the television series finale. Throughout the series, Amanpour was an inspiration to aspiring journalist Rory Gilmore. In July 2009 she appeared in a Harper's Bazaar magazine article entitled "Christiane Amanpour Gets a High-Fashion Makeover".^[23]

Amanpour played herself in newscasts in the films Iron Man 2 and Pink Panther 2.

Trivia[link]

• On June 20, 2009, Amanpour was a guest host for Larry King Live, broadcast live from the CNN studio in London. She interviewed her husband James Rubin about the turmoil in Iran. She told the viewers: "Quick disclaimer, that Mr. Rubin is also my husband."

Awards and recognition[link]

• 1992, Livingston Award for Young Journalists
• 1993, George Polk Award for Television Reporting
• 1993, George Foster Peabody awards^[24]
• 1994, Woman of the Year, New York Chapter of "Women in Cable"
• 1994, Courage in Journalism Award, International Women's Media Foundation^[25]
• 1996, George Polk Award for Television Reporting
• 1997, Honorary Doctor of Humane Letters degree, Emory University
• 1997, Nymphe d’Honneur at the Monte Carlo Television Festival
• 1998, George Foster Peabody awards^[26]
• 2002, Edward R. Murrow Award for Distinguished Achievement in Broadcast Journalism
• 2002, Goldsmith Career Award for Excellence in Journalism, at Harvard’s Kennedy School of Government^[27]
• 2005, International Emmy, International Academy of Television Arts and Sciences
• 2006, Honorary citizen, city of Sarajevo
• 2006, Honorary doctorate degree from the University of Michigan for her contributions to journalism
• 2007, CBE in the Queen's Birthday Honours^[28]
• 2007, Persian Woman of the Year
• 2008 The Fourth Estate Award (National Press Club)
• 2010 Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences^[29]
• 2010, Honorary doctorate of humane letters degree, Northwestern University
• 2010, Honorary doctorate from Georgia State University for her contributions to journalism
• 2010, Honorary member of the graduating class of 2010 of Harvard College
• 2011, Walter Cronkite Award for Excellence in Journalism from Walter Cronkite School of Journalism and Mass Communication
• 2012, Honorary doctorate of humane letters, Amherst College
• Director on the board of the Committee to Protect Journalists
• Fellow, Society of Professional Journalists
• Nine Emmy news/documentary awards
• Major role in two DuPont awards given to CNN
• Major role in a Golden CableACE award given to CNN
• Honorary Board Member of the Daniel Pearl Foundation
• Sigma Chi Award (SDX) for her reports from Goma, Zaire
• Forbes magazine named her one of "The World's 100 Most Powerful Women"
• WorldFest-Houston International Film Festival Gold Award
• POP Award, by "Cable Positive"
• Honorary degree presented by Smith College

See also[link]

• List of famous Iranian women

References[link]

External links[link]

• Amanpour.com official website
• Christiane Amanpour on Twitter
• Appearances on C-SPAN
• Christiane Amanpour on Charlie Rose
• Christiane Amanpour at the Internet Movie Database
• Works by or about Christiane Amanpour in libraries (WorldCat catalog)
• Christiane Amanpour collected news and commentary at The New York Times
• Christiane Amanpour: career in pictures, The Guardian
• 2000 Murrow Awards Ceremony Speech, 2000
• Christiane Amanpour's Interview on NPR, December 3, 2008
• Christiane Amanpour, at the Height of the Iranian Election Crisis - Interview by Lesley Stahl, June 23, 2009
• Christiane Amanpour's Class Day speech at Harvard University, May 26, 2010

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