Group	Cham
Population	~500,000
Region1
Pop1	317,000
Region2
Pop2	127,000
Region3
Pop3	15,000Vietnamese Cham: Predominately Hindu and Muslim
Related	Jarai, Acehnese people, Malay and other Austronesian peoples of Southeast Asia.

The Cham people (, Cham:) are an ethnic group in Southeast Asia. They are concentrated between the Kampong Cham Province in Cambodia and central Vietnam's Phan Rang-Thap Cham, Phan Thiết, Ho Chi Minh City and An Giang areas. Approximately 4,000 Chams also live in Thailand; many of whom have moved south to the Pattani, Narathiwat, Yala, and Songkhla Provinces for work. Cham form the core of the Muslim communities in both Cambodia and Vietnam. Records of the Champa kingdom go as far back as 2nd century AD China. At its height in the 9th century, the kingdom controlled the lands between Huế, in central Annam, to the Mekong Delta in Cochinchina. Its prosperity came from maritime trade in sandalwood and slaves and probably included piracy.

Cham tradition claims that the founder of the Cham state was Lady Po Nagar. She originated from Khanh Hoa province, in a peasant family in the mountains of Dai An. Spirits assisted her when she sailed on a drift piece of sandalwood to China, where she married an heir to the royal family with whom she had 2 children with, and then became Queen of Champa.

Al-Dimashqi (1325) states that "the country of Champa...is inhabited by Muslims and idolaters. The Muslim religion came there during the time of Caliph Uthman...and Ali, many Muslims who were expelled by the Umayyads and by Hajjaj, fled there."

The Daoyi Zhilue documents Chinese merchants who went to Cham ports in Champa, married Cham women, to whom they regularly returned to after trading voyages. A Chinese merchant from Quanzhou, Wang Yuanmao, traded extensively with Champa, and married a Cham princess.

In the 12th century AD, the Cham fought a series of wars with the Angkorian Khmer to the west. In 1177, the Cham and their allies launched an attack from the lake Tonlé Sap and managed to sack the Khmer capital. In 1181, however, they were defeated by the Khmer King Jayavarman VII.

Between the rise of the Khmer Empire around 800 and Vietnam's territorial push to the south, the Champa kingdom began to diminish. In the 1471 Vietnamese invasion of Champa it suffered a massive defeat by the Vietnamese, in which 120,000 people were either captured or killed, and the kingdom was reduced to a small enclave near Nha Trang. Between 1607 and 1676 the Champa king converted to Islam, and during this period Islam became a dominant feature of Cham society.

The Cham were matrilineal and inheritence passed through the mother. Due to this, the Vietnamese in 1499 enacted a law banning marriage between Cham women and every single Vietnamese male.

When the Ming dynasty in China fell, several thousand Chinese refugees fled south and extensively settled on Cham lands and in Cambodia. Most of these Chinese were young males, and they took Cham women as wives. Their children identified more with Chinese culture. This migration occurred in the 17th and 18th centuries.

Further expansion by the Vietnamese in 1720 resulted in the annexation of the Champa kingdom and its persecution by the Vietnamese king, Minh Mạng. As a consequence, the last Champa Muslim king, Pô Chien, decided to gather his people (those on the mainland) and migrate south to Cambodia, while those along the coastline migrated to Trengganu (Malaysia). A tiny group fled northward to the Chinese island of Hainan where they are known today as the Utsuls. The area of Cambodia where the king and the mainlanders settled is still known as Kompong Cham, where they scattered in communities across the Mekong River. Not all the Champa Muslims migrated with the king. A few groups stayed behind in the Nha Trang, Phan Rang, Phan Rí, and Phan Thiết provinces of central Vietnam.

In the 1960s there were various movements of uprising to free the Cham people and create their own state. The movements were the Liberation Front of Champa (FLC - Le Front pour la Libération de Cham) and the Front de Libération des Hauts plateaux. The latter sought cooperation with other hilltribes. The initial name of the movement was called "Front des Petits Peuples" from 1946 to 1960. In 1960 the name was changed to "Front de Libération des Hauts plateaux" and joined, with the FLC, the "Front unifié pour la Libération des Races opprimées" (FULRO) at some point in the 1960s. Today there is no serious secessionist movement or political activity.

Genocide

, Mekong delta, Vietnam]] Andrew Perrin a reporter for Time Asia, wrote an article in 2003 in which he stated that a "genocide [was] committed by the Khmer Rouge against Cambodia's small Muslim Cham population". During the massacres by the government, a disproportionate number of Chams were killed compared with ethnic Khmers. Ysa Osman, a researcher at the Documentation Center of Cambodia concludes,"Perhaps as many as 500,000 died. They were considered the Khmer Rouge's No. 1 enemy. The plan was to exterminate them all" because "they stood out. They worshiped their own god. Their diet was different. Their names and language were different. They lived by different rules. The Khmer Rouge wanted everyone to be equal, and when the Chams practiced Islam they did not appear to be equal. So they were punished."

Today

The majority of Cham in Vietnam are Hindu, while their Cambodian counterparts are largely Muslim.

Malaysia has some Cham immigrants and the link between the Chams and the Malaysian state of Kelantan is an old one. The Malaysian constitution recognizes the Cham rights to Malaysian citizenship and their Bumiputra status, and the Cham communities in Malaysia and along the Mekong River in Vietnam continue to have strong interactions.

Around 98,971 Cham are estimated to live in Vietnam.

Religion

The first religion of the Champa was a form of Shaivite Hinduism, brought by sea from India. As Arab merchants stopped along the Vietnam coast en route to China, Islam began to influence the civilization.

The exact date that Islam came to Champa is unknown, but grave markers dating to the 11th century have been found. It is generally assumed that Islam came to Indochina much after its arrival in China during the Tang Dynasty (618–907), and that Arab traders in the region came into direct contact only with the Chams, and not others. This might explain why only the Chams have been traditionally identified with Islam in Indochina.

Most Chams, especially in Cambodia, follow Islam and uphold its pillars including praying five times a day, fasting in Ramadan and performing hajj to Mecca. For many years, representatives from Cambodia have taken part in the annual International Quran Reciters Competition in Kuala Lumpur. The Cham Muslim community in Cambodia runs religious schools and is headed by a Mufti.

However, a small band of Chams, who called themselves Kaum Jumaat, follow a localised adaptation of Islamic theology, according to which they pray only on Fridays and celebrate Ramadan for only three days. However, some members of this group have joined the larger Muslim Cham community in their practices of Islam in recent years. One of the factors for this change is the influence by members of their family who have gone abroad to study Islam.

Most of the approximately 50,000 Cham Hindus belong to the Nagavamshi Kshatriya caste, but a considerable minority are Brahmins. Hindu temples are known as Bimong in Cham language and the priests are known as Halau Tamunay Ahier. In Ninh Thuan Province, where many of the Cham in Vietnam reside, Cham Balamon (Hindu Cham) numbers 32,000 while Cham Bani (Muslim Cham) number close to 22,000. Out of the 22 villages in Ninh Thuan, 15 are Hindu, while 7 are Muslim.

Notable Chams

Chế Bồng Nga, the last strong king of Champa

Che Linh, singer

Seany Chamy, Singaporean Youth actor

See also

fighting the Nāga (12th-13th century CE)]]

Art of Champa

Cham script

Cham language

Islam in Cambodia

Islam in Vietnam

Hinduism in Vietnam

References

Literature

Taylor, Philip (2007) Cham Muslims of the Mekong Delta: Place and Mobility in the Cosmopolitan Periphery, Singapore: University of Singapore Press.

Dổ Hải Minh (1965) "Dân Tộc Chàm Lược sử" Saigon.

Hourani, George F. (1979) "Arab Seafaring" Princeton University Press, New Jersey.

Tarling, Nicholas (1992) "The Cambridge History of Southeast Asia" vol.1 Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.

Salim, Maryam. (2005) "The Laws of Kedah, 220 Hijrah" A text translation from jawi script to rumi script Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, Malaysia.

External links

Britannica | Cham people

Cham Muslims of the Mekong Delta Book by Philip Taylor about the settlement history, religion, economic life and political relations of the Cham Muslims in the Mekong delta of Vietnam

Proceedings of the Seminar on Champa

Vietnam-Champa Relations and the Malay-Islam Regional Network in the 17th—19th Centuries

The Survivors of a Lost Civilisation

Cham Muslims: A look at Cambodia's Muslim minority

The Cham Muslims of Indo-China

Article about the Cham people living in Ratanakiri Province, Cambodia by Antonio Graceffo

Article about Cham fishermen living near Mekong Island, Cambodia by Antonio Graceffo

Stone carvings at Bayon in Cambodia showing a battle between the Khmer and the Cham

The face of Islam in a Buddhist land, by Murat Karaali, Phnom Penh Post, January 1995

Chamstudies, a new site on Chams

Picture of Muslim cham girls

Radio Sapcham

Category:Cambodian Hindus + Category:Ethnic groups in Asia Category:Ethnic groups in Cambodia Category:Ethnic groups in Malaysia Category:Ethnic groups in Thailand Category:Ethnic groups in Vietnam Category:Muslim communities

Name	Pascale Machaalani
Background	solo_singer
Picture	Pascoola.jpg
Born	March 27, 1967
Origin	Jounieh, Lebanon
Genre	Arabic music, pop music, Music of Lebanon
Occupation	Singer
Years active	1991— present
Label	Rotana (2004—present)
Url	Official Pascale Machalani Website

Pascale Bechara Bachaalani, better known as Pascale Machaalani, born March 27, 1967 () is a Murex d'or Award nominated Lebanese singer. Her debut album Sahar Sahar rose her to stardom throughout the Middle East, making Mashalaani one of the most successful female artistes in 1990s Lebanon. She released her second and third albums, Nazrat Ayounak and Banadi with continued success. Her seventh studio album, Nour el Shams released in 2002 was a phenomenal success which exceeded sales of 250,000 She has released thirteen hit studio albums and twenty-seven singles.

Machaalani is currently one of the most active Lebanese singers and has performed in a number countries, beginning from her native Lebanon to Europe and USA. She is signed to Rotana, the biggest record company in the Middle East.

Biography

Early years

Her father died before her first birthday. Her mother took care of her with the help of her eldest sister and brother who has accompanied her since the beginning of her career. Her brother is currently her business manager. She has recently gotten married to Malham Abu Shadeed.

Musical career

The composer Ihsan Al Munzer and the poet Toufiq Barakat discovered her talent. The beginning of her career was with her first album Sahar Sahar by the composer Dr. Jamal Salameh and the poet Abed Rahman Al Abnoudi. Pascale has worked with many Lebanon|Lebanese and Arabic composers and poets in her career.

Her seventh studio album, Nour el Shams (The Light from the Sun) was a blockbuster success and became one of the biggest selling albums in the Middle East. The main song of the album was featured in the hit movie, Spy Game which featured Brad Pitt and Robert Redford.

In addition, Machaalani was crowned the Beauty Queen of Zahleh, Lebanon, when she was 13 years of age.

Discography

Studio albums

Sahar Sahar () Nazret Ouyounak () Banadi ( - 1994) Albak Assi ( - Your Heart is Harsh) Khayala ( - Fantasy - 2001) Albi ( - My Heart - 2001) Nour El Shams ( - Light of the Sun - 2002) Lamma Bshoufak ( - To See You - 2002) Shou Amaltellak Ana ( - 2003) Sa'beh Eish... Men Dounak ( - 2004) Akbar Kidba Bi Hayati ( - 2005) Akhed Aqli ( - Take My Mind - 2007) Bahebak Ana Bahebak ( - I Love You, I Love You - 2009)

Compilations

Ma Fi Nawm ()

Videography

"Banadi"

"Samah"

"Habib Albi"

"Tikzib Allayah"

"Mish Wae't Elli Baddak"

"Albak Assi"

"Talab Idi"

"Baladina"

"Lamma Bchoufak"

"Khayala"

"Dag Dig"

"Ya Tayr El Gharam"

"Nour El Chams"

"Nachaftelli Dammi"

"Albi"

"Dandini"

"Wala Sab Khabar

"Inta Bitrooh"

"Chou Amaltellak Ana"

"Saabe Eich Min Dounak"

"Akbar Kizbe be hayati"

"Shu bhebak/law lesseh fakir"

"Arebni Minnak"

"Tghayart Alayeh"

"Akhid Aqly"

"Weinak Ya Insan"

"Am Yemdha El Wa't"

"Ana Lamma Shoftak"

"Habibi Gheir"(2009)

"Wala dah Wala dah"

References

External links

Download Pascale Machaalani's Albums

www.pascalemachalani.com

Pascal Mashalani Pictures, Lyrics, Videos clips and CDs

Pascale Machaalani Bio, Pictures and Wallpapers

Category:1967 births Category:Living people Category:Lebanese female singers Category:Lebanese musicians Category:Rotana artists

Caption	At a press conference for The Hurricane, 2000 Berlinale.
Birth date	December 28, 1954
Birth place	Mount Vernon, New York,United States
Birth name
Occupation	Actor, screenwriter, director, producer
Years active	1977–present
Spouse	Pauletta Pearson (25 June 1983–)

Denzel Hayes Washington, Jr. (born December 28, 1954) is an American actor, screenwriter, director and film producer. He first rose to prominence when he joined the cast of the Medical drama St. Elsewhere, playing Dr. Philip Chandler for six years.

He has received much critical acclaim for his work in film since the 1990s, including for his portrayals of real-life figures, such as Steve Biko, Malcolm X, Rubin Carter, Melvin B. Tolson, Frank Lucas, and Herman Boone.

Washington has been awarded two Golden Globe awards, a Tony Award and two Academy Awards for his work. He is notable for winning the Best Supporting Actor for Glory in 1990; and the Academy Award for Best Actor in 2002 for his role in the film Training Day.

Early life

Denzel Washington was born in Mount Vernon, near New York City, on December 28, 1954. His mother, Lennis "Lynne", was a beauty parlor-owner and operator born in Georgia and partly raised in Harlem. His father, Reverend Denzel H. Washington, Sr., a native of Buckingham County, Virginia, served as an ordained Pentecostal minister, and also worked for the Water Department and a local department store, S. Klein.

Washington attended grammar school at Pennington-Grimes Elementary School in Mount Vernon until 1968. When he was 14, his parents' marriage fell apart and his mother sent him to a private preparatory school, Oakland Military Academy, in New Windsor, New York State. "That decision changed my life," Washington later said, "because I wouldn’t have survived in the direction I was going. The guys I was hanging out with at the time, my running buddies, have now done maybe 40 years combined in the penitentiary. They were nice guys, but the streets got them." After Oakland, Washington next attended Mainland High School, a public high school in Daytona Beach, Florida, from 1970–71. Washington earned a B.A. in Drama and Journalism from Fordham University in 1977. At Fordham he played collegiate basketball as a freshman guard under coach P. J. Carlesimo. After a period of indecision on which major to study and dropping out of school for a semester, Washington worked as a counselor at an overnight summer camp, Camp Sloane YMCA in Lakeville, Connecticut. He participated in a staff talent show for the campers and a colleague suggested he try acting.

Returning to Fordham that fall with a renewed purpose and focus, he enrolled at the Lincoln Center campus to study acting and was given the title roles in both Eugene O'Neill's The Emperor Jones and Shakespeare's Othello. Upon graduation he was given a scholarship to attend graduate school at the American Conservatory Theatre in San Francisco, where he stayed for one year before returning to New York to begin a professional acting career.

Career

Early work

Washington spent the summer of 1976 in St. Mary's City, Maryland in summer stock theater performing Wings of the Morning, the Maryland State play. Shortly after graduating from Fordham, Washington made his professional acting debut in the 1977 made-for-television movie Wilma with his first Hollywood appearance in the 1981 film Carbon Copy. Washington shared a 1982 Distinguished Ensemble Performance Obie Award for playing Private First Class Melvin Peterson in the off Broadway Negro Ensemble Company production A Soldier's Play which premiered November 20, 1981.

A major career break came when he starred as Dr. Phillip Chandler in the television hospital drama St. Elsewhere which ran from 1982 to 1988 on NBC. He was one of a few actors to appear on the series for its entire six-year run. Washington also appeared in several television, film and stage roles such as the movies A Soldier's Story (1984), Hard Lessons (1986) and Power (1986). In 1987 Washington starred as South African anti-apartheid political activist Steven Biko in Richard Attenborough's Cry Freedom for which he received a nomination for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor. In 1989 Washington won an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor for playing a defiant self-possessed ex-slave soldier in the film Glory. Also that year he gave a powerful performance in The Mighty Quinn, and as the conflicted and disillusioned Reuben James, a British soldier who, despite a distinguished military career, returns to a civilian life where racism and inner city life leads to vigilantism and violence in For Queen and Country.

1990s

1990, Washington starred as Bleek Gilliam in the Spike Lee movie Mo' Better Blues. In 1992, he starred as Demetrius Williams in the romantic drama Mississippi Masala. Washington was reunited with Lee to play one of his most critically acclaimed roles as the title character of 1992's Malcolm X. His performance as the black nationalist leader earned him another nomination for the Academy Award for Best Actor. The next year he played the homophobic lawyer of a homosexual man with AIDS in the 1993 movie Philadelphia. During the early and mid 1990s, Washington starred in several successful thrillers, including The Pelican Brief and Crimson Tide, as well as in comedy Much Ado About Nothing and alongside Whitney Houston in the romantic drama The Preacher's Wife.

In 1998, Washington starred in Spike Lee's movie, He Got Game. Washington played a father serving a six year prison term who is propositioned by the warden to a temporary parole on the terms that he must convince his top-ranked high-school basketball player son (Ray Allen), into signing with the governor's alma mater, Big State. The film also marked the third time that Spike Lee and Washington worked on a film together.

In 1999, Washington starred in The Hurricane a movie about boxer Rubin 'Hurricane' Carter whose conviction for triple murder was overturned after he had spent almost 20 years in prison. A former reporter who was angry at seeing the film portray Carter as innocent despite the overturned conviction began a campaign to pressure Academy Award voters not to award the film Oscars. Washington did receive a Golden Globe Award in 2000 and a Silver Bear Award at the Berlin International Film Festival for the role. Bob Dylan would later bestow a complement upon Washington, explaining that he enjoyed his portrayal of two characters from his songs, Mighty Quinn and Rubin Carter, and figured that Washington could have portrayed Woodie Guthrie, of whom Dylan is a great admirer.

He also presented the Arthur Ashe ESPY Award to Loretta Claiborne for her courage and appeared as himself in the end of The Loretta Claiborne Story movie.

2000s

In 2000, Washington appeared in the Disney film Remember the Titans which grossed over $100 million at the United States box office. He won an Academy Award for Best Actor in his next film, the 2001 cop thriller Training Day as Detective Alonzo Harris, a rogue LAPD cop with questionable law-enforcement tactics. Washington was the second African-American performer to win an Academy Award for Best Actor, the first being Sidney Poitier who happened to receive an Honorary Academy Award the same night that Washington won. Washington holds the record (five so far) for most Oscar nominations by an actor of African descent, along with Morgan Freeman since 2009.

After appearing in 2002's box office success, the health care-themed John Q., Washington directed his first film, a well-reviewed drama called Antwone Fisher, in which he also co-starred.

Between 2003 and 2004, Washington appeared in a series of thrillers that performed generally well at the box office, including Out of Time, Man on Fire, and The Manchurian Candidate. In 2006, he starred in Inside Man, a Spike Lee-directed bank heist thriller co-starring Jodie Foster and Clive Owen, and Déjà Vu released in November 2006.

In 2007, he co-starred with Russell Crowe in American Gangster. Washington directed and starred in the drama The Great Debaters with Forest Whitaker. Washington next appeared in the 2009 film The Taking of Pelham 1 2 3, a remake of the '70s thriller The Taking of Pelham One, Two Three, directed by Tony Scott as New York City subway security chief Walter Garber opposite John Travolta.

Return to theater

Washington was last seen onstage in the summer of 1990 in the title role of the Public Theater's production of Shakespeare's Richard III and in 2005 after a 15-year hiatus he appeared onstage again in another Shakespeare play as Marcus Brutus in Julius Caesar on Broadway. The production's limited run was a consistent sell-out averaging over 100% attendance capacity nightly despite receiving mixed reviews.

2010s

In February 2009, Washington began filming The Book of Eli a post-Apocalyptic drama set in the near future which was released in January 2010. Also the same year, he starred as a veteran railroad engineer in the action film Unstoppable, about an unmanned, half-mile-long runaway freight train carrying a dangerous cargo. The film was directed by Tony Scott, and was the fifth collaboration between the two, after previous films Crimson Tide (1995), Man on Fire (2004), Déjà Vu (2006) and The Taking of Pelham 1 2 3 (2009).

On June 13, 2010, Washington won the Tony Award for Best Performance by a Leading Actor in a Play for his role in the play Fences.

Personal life

On June 25, 1983, Washington married actress Pauletta Pearson, whom he met on the set of his first screen work, the TV-movie Wilma. The couple have four children: John David (b. July 28, 1984), who signed a football contract with the St. Louis Rams in May 2006 and is currently playing with the Sacramento Mountain Lions of the United Football League (John David also played college football at Morehouse); Katia (b. November 1987), who is attending Yale University; and twins Olivia and Malcolm (named in honor of Malcolm X) (b. April 10, 1991). Malcolm is attending University of Pennsylvania, where he plays for the basketball team. In 1995, the couple renewed their wedding vows in South Africa with Archbishop Desmond Tutu officiating.

Washington is a devout Christian, and has considered becoming a preacher. "A part of me still says, ‘Maybe, Denzel, you’re supposed to preach. Maybe you’re still compromising.’ I’ve had an opportunity to play great men and, through their words, to preach. I take what talent I’ve been given seriously, and I want to use it for good.” In 1995 he donated 2.5 million dollars to help build the new West Angeles Church of God in Christ facility in Los Angeles.

The Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia named Washington as one of three people (the others being directors Oliver Stone and Michael Moore) with whom they were willing to negotiate for the release of three defense contractors that the group had held captive from 2003 to 2008.

On May 18, 1991, Washington was awarded an honorary doctorate from his alma mater, Fordham University, for having "impressively succeeded in exploring the edge of his multifaceted talent". He also was awarded an honorary doctorate of humanities from Morehouse College on May 20, 2007.

In 2008, Washington visited Israel with a delegation of African American artists in honor of the Jewish State's 60th birthday.

He is good friends with film producer and director Tony Scott and actress Julia Roberts.

Filmography

{| border="2" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="margin:1em 1em 1em 0; background:#f9f9f9; border:1px #aaa solid; border-collapse:collapse; font-size:90%" |- ! style="background:#B0C4DE" | Year ! style="background:#B0C4DE" | Film ! style="background:#B0C4DE" | Role ! style="background:#B0C4DE" | Notes |- | 1977 | Wilma | Robert Eldridge | (TV movie) |- | 1981 | Carbon Copy | Roger Porter | |- | rowspan="2"|1984 | License to Kill | Martin Sawyer | (TV movie) |- | | Pfc. Melvin Peterson | |- | rowspan="2"|1986 | The George McKenna Story | George McKenna | (U.S. title – Hard Lessons, TV movie) |- | Power | Arnold Billings | NAACP Image Award for Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Motion Picture |- | 1987 | Cry Freedom | Steve Biko | Nominated—Academy Award for Best Supporting ActorNominated—Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture Drama |- | rowspan="3"|1989 | | Xavier Quinn | |- | For Queen and Country | Reuben James | Festival du Film Policier de Cognac Award for Best Actor |- | Glory | Pvt. Trip | Academy Award for Best Supporting ActorGolden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actor – Motion PictureNAACP Image Award for Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Motion PictureKansas City Film Critics Circle Award for Best Supporting Actor |- | rowspan="2"|1990 | Heart Condition | Napoleon Stone | |- | Mo' Better Blues | Bleek Gilliam | |- | 1991 | Ricochet | Nicholas Styles | |- | rowspan="2"|1992 | Mississippi Masala | Demetrius Williams | NAACP Image Award for Outstanding Actor in a Motion Picture |- | Malcolm X | Malcolm X | Chicago Film Critics Association Award for Best ActorKansas City Film Critics Circle Award for Best ActorMTV Movie Award for Best Performance - MaleNAACP Image Award for Outstanding Actor in a Motion PictureNew York Film Critics Circle Award for Best ActorSilver Bear for Best ActorSoutheastern Film Critics Association Award for Best ActorNominated—Academy Award for Best ActorNominated—Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture Drama |- | rowspan="3"|1993 | Much Ado About Nothing | Don Pedro of Aragon | |- | | Gray Grantham | Nominated—MTV Movie Award for Most Desirable Male |- | Philadelphia | Joe Miller | Nominated—MTV Movie Award for Best On-Screen Duo shared with Tom Hanks |- | rowspan="3"|1995 | Crimson Tide | Lt. Commander Ron Hunter | NAACP Image Award for Outstanding Actor in a Motion PictureNominated—MTV Movie Award for Best Performance - Male |- | Virtuosity | Lt. Parker Barnes | |- | Devil in a Blue Dress | Easy Rawlins | |- | rowspan="2"|1996 | Courage Under Fire | Lt. Colonel Nathaniel Serling | NAACP Image Award for Outstanding Actor in a Motion PictureLone Star Film & Television Award for Best ActorSoutheastern Film Critics Association Award for Best Actor |- | | Dudley | |- | rowspan="3"|1998 | Fallen | Detective John Hobbes | |- | He Got Game | Jake Shuttlesworth | Nominated—Acapulco Black Film Festival Award for Best ActorNominated—NAACP Image Award for Outstanding Actor in a Motion Picture |- | | Special Agent Anthony 'Hub' Hubbard FBI | |- | rowspan="2"|1999 | | Lincoln Rhyme | |- | | Rubin "Hurricane" Carter | Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture DramaBlack Reel Award for Best ActorNAACP Image Award for Outstanding Actor in a Motion PictureSilver Bear for Best ActorNominated—Academy Award for Best ActorNominated—Chicago Film Critics Association Award for Best ActorNominated—Satellite Award for Best Actor - Motion Picture DramaNominated—Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Leading Role |- | rowspan="2"|2000 | Remember the Titans | Coach Herman Boone | BET Award for Best ActorBlack Reel Award for Best ActorNAACP Image Award for Outstanding Actor in a Motion PictureNominated—Satellite Award for Best Actor - Motion Picture Drama |- | | Himself | |- | 2001 | Training Day | Detective Alonzo Harris | Academy Award for Best ActorAmerican Film Institute Award for Actor of the Year – Male – MoviesBlack Reel Award for Best ActorBoston Society of Film Critics Award for Best ActorKansas City Film Critics Circle Award for Best ActorLos Angeles Film Critics Association Award for Best ActorMTV Movie Award for Best VillainNAACP Image Award for Outstanding Actor in a Motion PictureNominated—Chicago Film Critics Association Award for Best ActorNominated—Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture DramaNominated—Online Film Critics Society Award for Best ActorNominated—Satellite Award for Best Actor - Motion Picture DramaNominated—Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Leading Role |- | rowspan="2"|2002 | John Q | John Quincy Archibald | Nominated—Black Reel Award for Best ActorNAACP Image Award for Outstanding Actor in a Motion Picture |- | Antwone Fisher | Dr. Jerome Davenport | also as directorBlack Reel Award for Best DirectorNAACP Image Award for Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Motion PictureProducers Guild of America Stanley Kramer AwardWashington D.C. Area Film Critics Association Award for Best DirectorNominated—Black Reel Award for Best Supporting ActorNominated—Phoenix Film Critics Society Award for Best DirectorNominated—Satellite Award for Best Director |- | 2003 | Out of Time | Police Chief Matthias Lee Whitlock | Nominated—Black Reel Award for Best ActorNominated—NAACP Image Award for Outstanding Actor in a Motion Picture |- | rowspan="2"|2004 | Man on Fire | John Creasy | Nominated—NAACP Image Award for Outstanding Actor in a Motion Picture |- | | Major Ben Marco | |- | rowspan="2"|2006 | Inside Man | Detective Keith Frazier | Nominated—Black Movie Award for Outstanding Performance by an Actor in a Leading RoleNominated—Black Reel Award for Best ActorNominated—NAACP Image Award for Outstanding Actor in a Motion Picture |- | Déjà Vu | Special Agent Doug Carlin | |- | rowspan="2"|2007 | American Gangster | Frank Lucas | Nominated—Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture DramaNominated—MTV Movie Award for Best Performance - MaleNominated—MTV Movie Award for Best VillainNominated—Satellite Award for Best Actor - Motion Picture DramaNominated—Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Cast in a Motion Picture |- | | Melvin B. Tolson'' | also as directorChristopher Award for Best Feature FilmNAACP Image Award for Outstanding Actor in a Motion PictureNominated—NAACP Image Award for Outstanding Director |- | 2009 | | Walter Garber | |- | rowspan="2"|2010 | | Eli | Nominated—Saturn Award for Best Actor |- | Unstoppable | Frank Barnes | |- | 2012 | The Matarese Circle | Brandon Scofield | In development (film adaptation of The Matarese Circle) |}

References

External links

Denzel Washington at Moviefone.com

Category:1954 births Category:Actors from New York Category:African American film actors Category:African American film directors Category:African American basketball players Category:African American television actors Category:American Christians Category:American film directors Category:American Pentecostals Category:American stage actors Category:Basketball players from New York Category:Best Actor Academy Award winners Category:Best Drama Actor Golden Globe (film) winners Category:Best Supporting Actor Academy Award winners Category:Best Supporting Actor Golden Globe (film) winners Category:English-language film directors Category:Fordham Rams men's basketball players Category:Living people Category:Members of the Church of God in Christ Category:People from Westchester County, New York Category:Point guards Category:Tony Award winners