Sherbrooke
—  City  —
Wellington Street North
Flag of Sherbrooke Flag Seal Coat of arms
Nickname(s): Queen of the Eastern Townships
Motto: Ne quid nimis
Sherbrooke Location in Quebec, Canada
Coordinates (191, rue du Palais[1]): 45°24′N 71°54′W / 45.4°N 71.9°W / 45.4; -71.9Coordinates: 45°24′N 71°54′W / 45.4°N 71.9°W / 45.4; -71.9[2]
Country	Canada
Province	Quebec
Region	Estrie
RCM	None
Settled	1793
Constituted	January 1, 2002
Boroughs	List Brompton Fleurimont Jacques-Cartier Lennoxville Mont-Bellevue Rock Forest–Saint-Élie–Deauville
Government[1]
• Type	Sherbrooke City Council
• Mayor	Bernard Sévigny
• Federal riding	Compton—Stanstead and Sherbrooke
• Prov. riding	Johnson and Orford and Saint-François and Sherbrooke
Area[1][3]
• City	367.10 km2 (141.74 sq mi)
• Land	353.49 km2 (136.48 sq mi)
• Metro[4]	1,459.61 km2 (563.56 sq mi)
Highest elevation	378 m (1,240 ft)
Lowest elevation	128 m (420 ft)
Population (2011)[3]
• City	154,601
• Density	437.4/km2 (1,133/sq mi)
• Metro[4]	201,890
• Metro density	138.3/km2 (358/sq mi)
• Change (2006–11)	4.9%
• Dwellings	75,880
Time zone	EST (UTC−5)
• Summer (DST)	EDT (UTC−4)
Postal code(s)	J1E to J1R
Area code(s)	819
Access Routes[5] A-10 A-55 A-410 A-610	Route 112 Route 108 Route 143 Route 216 Route 220 Route 222
Telephone Exchanges	-212 239 340 345-9 432 434 437 446 542 560 -6 569 570 - 4 575 577
GNBC Code	EIDHN
NTS Map	021E05
Website	www.ville.sherbrooke.qc.ca

Sherbrooke (/ˈʃɜrbrʊk/; French pronunciation: [ʃɛʁbʁuk]) is a city in southern Quebec, Canada. Sherbrooke is situated at the confluence of the Saint-François (St. Francis) and Magog rivers in the heart of the Estrie administrative region. Sherbrooke is also the name of a territory equivalent to a regional county municipality (TE) and census division (CD) of Quebec, coextensive with the city of Sherbrooke. With 154,601 residents as of the 2011 census,^[3] Sherbrooke was the sixth largest city in the province of Quebec and the thirtieth largest in Canada. The Sherbrooke Census Metropolitan Area had 201,890 inhabitants,^[4] making it the fourth largest metropolitan area in Quebec and nineteenth largest in Canada.

Sherbrooke is the primary economic, political, cultural and institutional centre of Estrie, and was known as the Queen of the Eastern Townships at the beginning of the 20th century.

Sherbrooke is an important university center with eight institutions educating 40,000 students and employing 11,000 people (3,700 of whom are professors, teachers and researchers).^[6] The direct economic impact of these institutions exceeds 1 billion dollars.^[6] The proportion of university students is of 10.32 students per 100 inhabitants. In proportion to its population, Sherbrooke has the largest concentration of students in Quebec.^[7]

Since the nineteenth century, Sherbrooke has also been an important manufacturing center, although this segment of the economy has experienced a considerable transformation in recent decades as a result of the decline of the city's traditional manufacturing sectors. Today, the service sector occupies a prominent place in the economy of the city, as well as a growing knowledge-based economy.^[8]

The Sherbrooke region is surrounded by mountains, rivers and lakes. There are several ski hills nearby and various tourist attractions in regional flavor. Mont-Bellevue Park, a large park in the city, is used for downhill skiing.

Originally known as Hyatt's Mill, it was renamed after Sir John Coape Sherbrooke (1764–1840), a British soldier who was Lieutenant Governor of Nova Scotia (1812–1816), and Governor General of British North America (1816–1818).

History[link]

This section requires expansion.

Sherbrooke in 1889.

Part of a region historically known as the Eastern Townships, Sherbrooke was first settled in 1793 by American Loyalists, including Gilbert Hyatt, a farmer from Schenectady, New York, who built a flour mill in 1802. The village was named "Hyatt's Mills" until 1818 when the village was renamed after Governor General Sir John Sherbrooke at the time of his retirement and return to England. Despite the town's Anglophone name and heritage, relatively few traces of the city's English past remain, and the vast majority of the city's residents speak French.

As part of the 2000–2006 municipal reorganization in Quebec, the city grew considerably on January 1, 2002, by the amalgamation of the following cities and municipalities: Sherbrooke, Ascot, Bromptonville, Deauville, Fleurimont, Lennoxville, Rock Forest, and Saint-Élie-d'Orford. Part of Stoke was also annexed to the newly-expanded Sherbrooke.

Geography[link]

Sherbrooke skyline and Mount Orford.

Located at the confluence of the Saint-François (St. Francis) and Magog rivers in the heart of the Eastern Townships and the Estrie administrative region. Sherbrooke is also the name of a territory equivalent to a regional county municipality (TE) and census division (CD) of Quebec, coextensive with the city of Sherbrooke. Its geographical code is 43.^[vague]

Sherbrooke is the seat of the judicial district of Saint-François.^[9]

Climate[link]

Sherbrooke has a humid continental climate (Koppen Dfb), with long, cold, and snowy winters, warm summers, and short but crisp springs and autumns. Highs range from −5.7 °C (21.7 °F) in January to 24.7 °C (76.5 °F) in July. In an average year, there are 36 nights at or colder than −20 °C (−4 °F), and 6.5 nights at or colder than −30 °C (−22 °F); 3.4 days will see highs reaching 30 °C (86 °F).^[10] Annual snowfall is large, averaging at 294 centimetres (116 in), sometimes falling in May and October. Precipitation is not sparse any time of the year, but is the greatest in summer and fall and at its least from January to April, totaling 1,140 millimetres (44.9 in) annually.

Demographics[link]

City of Sherbrooke[link]

Cathédrale Saint-Michel.

The information regarding ethnicities above is from the 2001 Canadian Census. The percentages add to more than 100% because of dual responses (e.g. "French Canadian" generates an entry in both the category "French" and the category "Canadian".) Groups with greater than 1,500 responses are included.

Age structure[link]

• 0–14 years: 17.8%
• 15–64 years: 69.0%
• 65 years and over: 13.2%

Census Metropolitan Area[link]

The Census Metropolitan Area (CMA) comprises the cities of Sherbrooke, Magog and Waterville, the municipalities of Ascot Corner, Compton, Stoke and Val-Joli; the parish municipality of Saint-Denis-de-Brompton; the township municipalities of Hatley and Orford; and the village municipality of North Hatley. The population in 2011 was 201,890.

The CMA was defined slightly differently in 2006: it did not include Orford or Val-Joli. The remainder of this section applies to the 2006 census, since the applicable 2011 census figures are not yet available as of May 2012.

Indigenous peoples comprised just over 0.6% of the population.^[13]

Plymouth-Trinity United Church

French was mother tongue to 90.6% of residents (counting both single and multiple responses). The next most common mother tongues were English at 5.6%, Spanish at 1.3%, Arabic and Serbo-Croatian languages at 0.6% each, Persian at 0.4%, Niger–Congo languages at 0.3%, and Chinese and German at 0.2% each. (Percentages may total more than 100% owing to rounding and multiple responses).^[14][15]

About 87% of the population identified as Roman Catholic in 2001 while 6% said they had no religious affiliation. Among smaller denominations Statistics Canada counted 1.2% Anglicans, 0.8% Muslims, 0.8% United Church, 0.7% Baptists, 0.5% Eastern Orthodox and 0.3% Jehovah’s Witnesses. Pentecostals and Methodists accounted for 0.2% each, while Buddhists, Presbyterians, Seventh-day Adventists, Mormons and Plymouth Brethren accounted for 0.1% each.^[16]

Four thousand recent immigrants (arriving between 2001 and 2006) now comprise about 2% of the total population. Approximately 13% have emigrated from Colombia, 12% from France, 7% from Afghanistan, 6% from each of Morocco and Argentina, 5% from each of Algeria and Congo, 4% from China, and 3% from each of Burundi, Tunisia, and Tanzania. About 2% of these recent immigrants were born in the United States while about 2% were born in Bosnia and Herzegovina.^[17]

Sherbrooke University Hospital Centre^[18] in the Fleurimont borough

Government[link]

Gordon Street

The merged city is composed of six boroughs: Brompton, Fleurimont, Lennoxville, Mont-Bellevue, Rock Forest–Saint-Élie–Deauville and Jacques-Cartier.

Public safety[link]

In 2007, the crime rate was 5,491 per 100,000.^[19]

The former Winter Prison

Economy[link]

This section requires expansion.

Wellington Street North in downtown Sherbrooke

In 2007 Canadian Business Magazine Magazine ranked Sherbrooke as the top place to do business in Canada.^[19] The report cites large increases in commercial building permits (23%), strong exports, a highly educated workforce, a low unemployment rate, and a low cost of living index (64.3).

Sherbrooke is also the centre of an dairy agricultural region.^{[citation needed]}

Education[link]

This section requires expansion.

Sherbrooke has eight institutions that make up the Sherbrooke University Pole,^[20] which educates some 40,000 students and employs about 11,000 persons.^[21] University students comprise 10.32% of the population, the highest concentration in Quebec.^[22]

The city is the location of one French language university, the Université de Sherbrooke, and an English language university, Bishop's University. U de S is a comprehensive university with schools of medicine and law and extensive graduate programs. Bishop's is smaller and predominantly undergraduate. There are three CEGEPs in Sherbrooke, two of them French-language, the Cégep de Sherbrooke and the Séminaire de Sherbrooke, and one English-language, Champlain College Lennoxville.

Infrastructure[link]

Times Hotel, downtown Sherbrooke

Transportation[link]

Sherbrooke Airport, in Cookshire-Eaton is just east of the city. There are currently no scheduled flights operating out of the airport.

Transdev Limocar provides bus service to Montreal via Granby and Magog. Formerly, Autobus Jordez linked Sherbrooke to Drummondville and Trois-Rivières, and also to Victoriaville and Quebec City, but since the company lost their licence to operate heavy vehicles,^[23] they sold their licence to Autobus La Québécoise, who now provide the service.

Société de transport de Sherbrooke (STS) provides bus service within the city. It operates 17 bus routes, 11 minibus routes, and 5 taxibus routes.

The city is located at the eastern terminus of A-10, and directly on the Autoroute Trans-Québécoise (A-55). A-10 provides a direct freeway connection to Montreal and points west, while A-55 connects directly to Trois-Rivières, Shawinigan, and points north, as well as to Interstate 91 to the south (Vermont). A-410 and A-610 are the southern and northern bypass roads, respectively.

Public health and safety[link]

Historical buildings located on Dufferin Street.

The suburban Sherbrooke University Hospital ("CHUS" or "Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbooke) has over 5,200 employees, including 550 doctors. It includes a clinical research facility, the Etienne-Lebel Research Center.

Sport[link]

The Sherbrooke Expos of the Ligue de Baseball Senior Élite du Québec play their home games at Amedée Roy Stadium. Sherbrooke has been home to baseball teams from the Eastern League, Canadian Baseball League and Ligue de Baseball Élite du Québec in addition to hosting the 2002 World Junior Baseball Championships.^{[citation needed]}

Media[link]

Architectural and artistic heritage[link]

The Sherbrooke War Memorial by George William Hill is a cenotaph erected in 1926 to commemorate the soldiers who were killed during WWI. This piece of cultural heritage has become emblematic of the City of Sherbrooke.^{[citation needed]}

This section requires expansion.

Notable people[link]

• Éric Bélanger, NHL hockey player for the Edmonton Oilers
• Joseph-Armand Bombardier hailed from the Sherbrooke area.
• John Bassett and Conrad Black started their careers as media barons as owner and co-owner, respectively, of the Sherbrooke Record.
• Pierre-Marc Bouchard, NHL hockey player for the Minnesota Wild
• Serge Cardin, former Bloc Québécois MP for Sherbrooke
• Jean Charest, federal cabinet minister, Deputy Prime Minister and Progressive Conservative Party leader; Quebec Liberal Party leader and Premier of Quebec
• Jim Corcoran, singer-songwriter
• Mathieu Dandenault, Former NHL ice hockey player for the Montreal Canadiens and Detroit Red Wings
• Christian Dubé, ice hockey player for SC Bern
• Pierre-Luc Dusseault, current NDP MP for Sherbrooke and the youngest MP in Canadian history
• George Foss, builder of the first Canadian gasoline powered automobile (1897).^[24]
• Northrop Frye, literary critic
• Garou, singer
• Marc Gervais, Jesuit and film professor
• Yousuf Karsh, photographer
• Yanic Perreault, former NHL ice hockey player
• David Perron, NHL hockey player for the St. Louis Blues
• Stéphane Robidas, NHL hockey player for the Dallas Stars
• Harry Saltzman, film producer
• Christian Savoie, (born 1976) winner of Canada's Strongest Man and entrant to the World's Strongest Man competition.
• Ralph M. Steinman, immunologist, 2011 Nobel Prize in Medicine.
• Louis Taillifer, a Killiam Award winning superconductivity physicist

Bordering counties[link]

	Le Val-Saint-François
			Le Haut-Saint-François
		Sherbrooke    East
	Memphrémagog		Coaticook

See also[link]

• Boroughs of Sherbrooke
• List of mayors of Sherbrooke
• Société de transport de Sherbrooke

References[link]

External links[link]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Sherbrooke, Québec

• (English) (French) Sherbrooke website
• (French) La Tribune
• (English) The Record - English language daily newspaper
• (English) The Townships Outlet - English language bi-monthly newspaper)

v t e  Administrative divisions of Estrie  (Region 05) Regional county municipalities and equivalent territories Le Granit Les Sources Le Haut-Saint-François Le Val-Saint-François Sherbrooke Coaticook Memphrémagog Municipalities Lac-Mégantic Asbestos Danville Cookshire-Eaton East Angus Scotstown Valcourt (V) Windsor Richmond Sherbrooke Coaticook Waterville Stanstead (V) Magog Administrative divisions of Quebec

v t e  Administrative divisions of Quebec Subdivisions Administrative regions Regional county municipalities Montreal Metropolitan Community (Communauté métropolitaine de Montréal) Communauté métropolitaine de Québec Kativik Regional Government Communities All municipalities Types of municipalities Cities Parish municipalities Townships United townships Villages Indian reserves Boroughs Urban agglomerations Major cities Montreal Quebec Laval Gatineau Longueuil Sherbrooke Saguenay Lévis Trois-Rivières Other cities Alma Amos Baie-Comeau Beloeil Châteauguay Cowansville Dolbeau-Mistassini Drummondville Granby Joliette La Tuque Lachute Matane Mont-Laurier Rimouski Rivière-du-Loup Rivière-Rouge Rouyn-Noranda Saint-Georges Saint-Hyacinthe Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu Saint-Jérôme Salaberry-de-Valleyfield Sept-Îles Shawinigan Sorel-Tracy Thetford Mines Val-d'Or Varennes Victoriaville