Chaldean Empire 625 - 539 BC (Ancient History) The great Chaldeans Nabopolassar (Chaldean King of Babylon 625-605 BC), Rising from obscurity, he was the founder of the new Chaldean dynasty and laid the foundation for one of the most brilliant empires of the ancient world the Chaldean Empire aka Neo-Babylonian Empire. Suffering mightily under the Assyrians, the city of Babylon finally rose up against its hated enemy, the Chaldeans united into a strong force led by Nabopolassar .He rebelled against and attacked the Assyrians in a series of campaigns, moving upstream along the rivers (Tigris-Euphrates) and defeating them. In 626BC he won a resounding victory outside Babylon in the last attack the Assyrians would ever make on Babylon. The city of Babylon was rebuilt and became the capital and most important city of the Chaldean Empire. Rise of the Chaldean Empire Assyria Defeated, Nabopolassar made a treaty with people of Media, located along the Caspian Sea. To insure this treaty would continue, the king of Media arranged for the marriage of Ametis, his daughter, to NebuchednezzarII (605-562 BC) , heir to the Chaldean throne. King Cyaxares of Media conquered Assyria's northern territory and other small kingdoms in Asia Minor. The Medes took control of the highland area of the Assyrian Empire. Meanwhile, Nebuchadnezzar II led a Chaldean army against Nineveh and completely destroyed that city in 612 BC The Chaldeans set out to conquer Canaan and the other Assyrian territories <b>...</b>