Neferirkare Kakai^{[pronunciation?]} was the third Pharaoh of Egypt during the Fifth dynasty. His praenomen, Neferirkare, means "Beautiful is the Soul of Ra". His Horus name was Userkhau, his Golden Horus name Sekhemunebu and his Nebti name Khaiemnebty.

It is not known who Neferirkare's parents were. Some Egyptologists see him as a son of Userkaf and Khentkaus I.

Scenes discovered in Sahure's funerary domains may indicate however that Neferirkare may have been the son of Sahure and Queen Neferetnebty. One theory holds that Neferirkare may have been known as Prince Ranefer when he was young, and had a (twin?) brother named Netjerirenre, who may have taken the throne under the name of Shepseskare.

Neferirkare married Queen Khentkaus II and had 2 sons who both became pharaoh: Ranefer—under the name Neferefre--and Niuserre.

Little is known about his reign. Manetho's Kingslist assigns Neferirkare a reign of 20 years but verso 5 of the damaged Palermo Stone preserves the Year of his 5th Cattle Count (Year 9 on a biannual count). His following years were lost in the missing portion of the document. The Czech Egyptologist Miroslav Verner maintains, however, that it cannot have been as long as 20 years due to the unfinished state of Neferirkare's Abusir pyramid complex.

Neferirkare^{[pronunciation?]} was an Eighth dynasty king of Ancient Egypt during the First Intermediate Period. His name is only clearly attested in the Abydos King List but it is assumed that the reign length figure for the last 8th dynasty king belongs to him in the Turin Canon. He is listed in line 56 of the Abydos King List as the last ruler of this dynasty prior to the collapse of the Old Kingdom. Neferirkare, assuming he was the last king of this dynasty, is given a reign length of one and-a-half years in the Turin Canon. He was possibly overthrown by the first king of the Ninth Dynasty, Meribre Khety I, of Herakleopolis, or by the onset of low Nile floods and mass famine and chaos which engulfed Egypt following the start of the First Intermediate Period.