| The Citadel, The Military College of South Carolina |
| 140px |
| Established |
1842 |
| Type |
Public university |
| Endowment |
$208.5 million[1] |
| President |
Lt Gen. John W. Rosa, Jr., USAF |
| Students |
3,150 |
| Undergraduates |
2,150 cadets, 100 non-cadets (active duty, veteran and evening students) |
| Postgraduates |
1,000 civilians |
| Location |
Charleston, SC, USA
32°47′50″N 79°57′40″W / 32.79722°N 79.96111°W / 32.79722; -79.96111Coordinates: 32°47′50″N 79°57′40″W / 32.79722°N 79.96111°W / 32.79722; -79.96111 |
| Campus |
Urban, 300 acres (121 ha) |
| Colors |
Blue and White |
| Nickname |
Bulldogs |
| Mascot |
Spike and live mascots General and Boo V |
| Website |
www.citadel.edu |
The Citadel, The Military College of South Carolina, also known simply as The Citadel, is a state-supported, comprehensive college located in Charleston, South Carolina, United States, founded in 1842. It is one of the six senior military colleges in the United States. It has 14 academic departments divided into five schools offering 17 majors and 16 minors. The core day program consists of military cadets pursuing bachelor's degrees who are required to live on campus for all four years. The evening program, known as The Citadel Graduate College, includes a large postgraduate program and a small number of students pursuing undergraduate degrees. The Citadel is accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools.[2]
The Citadel is best known for its undergraduate Corps of Cadets military program which combines academics, physical challenges and military discipline.[3] In addition to the cadet program, civilian programs are offered through the Citadel Graduate College with its evening undergraduate and graduate programs. The academic program is divided into 5 schools - Engineering, Science and Mathematics, Humanities and Social Sciences, Business Administration, and Education. Bachelor's degrees are offered in 17 major programs of study and 16 minors. The graduate school offers 2 educational specialist courses, 16 master's degrees and 7 graduate certificates; a 2+2 evening program allows those with associate degrees from Trident Technical College to pursue bachelor's degrees in 4 subjects. 95% of the faculty hold doctoral degrees and the majority are full time professors; the ratio of cadets to faculty is 15-1 and the average class size is 20.[4]
The Citadel enrolls 2,150 in its undergraduate Corps of Cadets and 1,000 civilian students in the evening programs; the cadet corps is the largest in the nation outside the federal service academies and annually ranks first or second in the number of military officers commissioned among colleges with ROTC programs.[citation needed] All students, both cadets and civilian students, are eligible to compete on The Citadel's athletic teams. While all programs make use of the Citadel campus and professors, cadets and civilian students do not share classes and only cadets live on campus.[3][5] The exception to this is the veterans program, reinstated in the fall of 2007, which allows cadets who left The Citadel for active military duty to return as civilians, attend classes with cadets, and complete their degrees if certain criteria are met.[6] Enlisted members from the Marine Corps and Navy also attend cadet classes as part of a program to commission highly-qualified NCOs.[7]
The mission of The Citadel is to offer an exceptional educational experience in a military setting and produce principled leaders who are successful in all walks of life by developing the 4 pillars of academics, military, physical training and moral/ethical training. Cadets learn teamwork, discipline, physical and mental strength and honor through the experience of the first year fourth class system. Small classes and a highly qualified faculty provide an exceptional academic experience.[8]
Approximately 40% of graduates are commissioned as military officers with another 10% going directly to graduate programs. Alumni currently serve in all 5 military services, 269 have attained flag/general rank in the military and 10 have served as state adjutant general. The Citadel has produced a wealth of distinguished alumni in many different career fields; well known alumni include longtime U.S. Senator Ernest "Fritz" Hollings, best selling novelist Pat Conroy, football commentator Paul Maguire, Space Shuttle astronaut Colonel Randy Bresnik and the current commander of the U.S. Navy Blue Angels Captain Greg McWherter.[9] Notable alumni include 6 governors, 3 U.S. senators, 12 congressmen, the presidents of 46 colleges and universities, the Director of the U.S. Olympic Committee and many professional athletes.[10]
| The Citadel presidents |
| Captain William F. Graham, USA |
1843–1844 |
| Major Richard W. Colcock, USA |
1844–1852 |
| Major Francis W. Capers, CSA |
1852–1859 |
| Major Peter F. Stevens, SCM |
1859–1861 |
| Major James B. White, SCM |
1861–1865 |
| Colonel John P. Thomas, CSA |
1882–1885 |
| BrigGen George D. Johnston, CSA |
1885–1890 |
| Colonel Asbury Coward, CSA |
1890–1908 |
| Colonel Oliver J. Bond, SCM |
1908–1931 |
| General Charles P. Summerall, USA |
1931–1953 |
| Colonel Louis S. LeTellier, SCM |
1953-1954 (Interim) |
| General Mark W. Clark, USA |
1954–1965 |
| General Hugh P. Harris, USA |
1965–1970 |
| MajGen James A. Duckett, SCM '32 |
1970–1974 |
| LtGen George M. Seignious, USA '42 |
1974–1979 |
| VADM James B Stockdale, USN |
1979–1980 |
| MajGen James Grimsley, Jr., USA '42 |
1980–1989 |
| LtGen Cladius E. Watts, USAF '58 |
1989–1996 |
| MajGen Roger C. Poole, USAR '59 |
1996-1997 (Interim) |
| MajGen John S. Grinalds, USMC |
1997–2005 |
| LtGen John W. Rosa, Jr., USAF '73 |
2006–present |
In 1829 a structure was built on what is now Marion Square in downtown Charleston to house arms and ammunition, federal troops from nearby Fort Moultrie began guarding the new state arsenal in 1830 and in 1832 they were replaced by state militia. Over the next 10 years arsenals throughout the state were consolidated in Charleston and Columbia; Governor John Richardson eventually proposed converting both into military academies and on December 20, 1842, the South Carolina Legislature passed an Act "to convert the Arsenal at Columbia, and the citadel and magazine in and near Charleston, into Military Schools" thereby transforming the two State Arsenals into the South Carolina Military Academy. The act specified:
That the students when admitted, shall be formed into a military corps, and shall constitute the public guard of the Arsenal at Columbia, and of the Citadel and Magazine in and near Charleston...to guard effectually, the public arms and other property at the places aforsaid...[11]
The old Citadel, Charleston in 1940.
The first 20 cadets reported to the Citadel Academy at Marion Square in downtown Charleston on March 20, 1843, a date now celebrated as "Corps Day". Initially both schools operated as separate institutions governed by a common Board of Visitors, in 1845 the Arsenal Academy in Columbia became an auxiliary to the Citadel Academy in Charleston; first year students attended the Arsenal then transferred to the Citadel Academy to complete their education. Both schools continued to operate during the Civil War but the Arsenal in Columbia was burned by Union forces and never reopened.[12]
The name of the college was officially changed in 1910 to "The Citadel, The Military College of South Carolina"; the word "Academy" had become synonymous with secondary schools, and the public had the misconception that the South Carolina Military Academy was a preparatory school.[13] Citadel cadets and faculty members trained South Carolina's "Palmetto Regiment" for service in the Mexican War; 17 graduates and cadets fought with the unit which teamed with U.S. Marines to enter the famous "Halls of Montezuma" in Mexico City in 1847.[citation needed] Lt. William J. Magill, a member of the first graduating class of 1846 was the first alumnus to serve in the U.S. Army and was a member of the 3d Dragoons under future President Zachary Taylor in the Mexican War.[14]
When South Carolina seceded from the Union in December 1860, Major Robert Anderson moved his garrison of U.S. troops to Fort Sumter and requested reinforcements from the federal government. On January 9, 1861, a battery on Morris Island manned by Citadel Academy cadets fired on the Federal steamer Star of the West, preventing it from reaching Fort Sumter with troops and supplies and thus firing what some consider the first shots of the Civil War.[15] Citadel cadets also manned several guns at "the battery" on Charleston harbor during the firing on Fort Sumter of April 12-13, 1861;[16] The first shot of the bombardment is believed by many historians to have been fired by Second Lieutenant Henry S. Farley, Class of 1860.[17]
On January 28, 1861, the Corps of Cadets of The SC Military Academy was made part of the military organization of the state and named the Battalion of State Cadets. The Academy continued to operate as a military academy, but classes were often disrupted when the governor called the cadets into military service. Mounting and manning heavy guns, performing guard duty, providing security and escorting prisoners were among the services performed by the cadets. The Battalion of State Cadets fought in nine engagements during the Civil War and fired the last shots of the conflict east of the Mississippi River at the Battle of Williamston on May 1, 1865.[citation needed] As a result of these actions, the flag of the South Carolina Corps of Cadets carries the following Confederate battle streamers[18]:
- Confederate States Army (larger gray)
- Star of the West, January 9, 1861
- Wappoo Cut, November 1861
- James Island, June 1862
- Charleston and Vicinity, July–October 1863
- James Island, June 1864
- Tulifinny, December 1864
- James Island, December 1864-February 1865
- Williamston, May 1865
In early December 1864, Governor Bonham ordered the Battalion of State Cadets to Tulifinny Creek to join a small Confederate force defending the Charleston and Savannah Railroad. On December 7 and December 9 the cadets fought a much larger Union force (including a contingent of U.S. Marines), successfully defending the rail line and forcing the Union troops to withdraw; the cadets suffered eight casualties including one killed. The battalion was commended for its display of discipline and gallantry under fire and won the admiration of the troops who fought with them. The Citadel is one of a select few colleges in the nation to have received a battle streamer for wartime service[note 1] and the only one to have received multiple awards.[citation needed]
On February 18, 1865, the school ceased operation as a college when Union troops entered Charleston and occupied the site. Following the war, the Board of Visitors eventually regained possession of The Citadel campus and with the urging of Governor Johnson Hagood, Class of 1847 the South Carolina Legislature passed an act to reopen the college. The 1882 session began with an enrollment of 185 cadets.
In the war with Spain in 1898, more Citadel alumni volunteered for service than were needed. In World War I, Citadel graduates were among the first contingents of American troops to fight with the English and French divisions; several served prominently with the Marine Corps at the Battle of Belleau Wood. By that time, The Citadel had outgrown its campus on Marion Square, despite numerous building additions. In 1918, the city of Charleston offered the state of South Carolina 176 acres (71 ha) on the banks of the Ashley River for a new campus on the condition that the state fund the construction of a new Citadel campus there.[23] The state accepted the offer on February 26, 1919, and alloted $300,000 towards the construction of a new campus.[24] The college moved to its current location in 1922.
The title of the head of The Citadel was changed from superintendent to president in 1921, when The Citadel moved to its present location. Col Oliver J. Bond was the last superintendent and the first president of The Citadel.
The Corps of Cadets was all male until 1995 when Shannon Faulkner won a legal battle to enroll but she dropped out after less than a week. A Supreme Court ruling in a discrimination lawsuit against VMI eventually compelled the school to admit women and the first group of 4 female cadets matriculated in August, 1996. Using credits from another college Nancy Mace completed her degree in 3 years and became the first female graduate in Corps history on May 9, 1999;[25] Czech born Petra Lovetinska was the first female graduate to have attended for four years and the first foreign female cadet. Women currently comprise 8% of cadets. In 2006 a survey by the college "based on the U.S. Department of Defense Sexual Assault and Leadership Survey used by all three federal service academies" revealed that roughly 70% of female cadets claimed to have experienced sexual harassment on campus and 19% claimed to have been a victim of sexual assault.[26]
Citadel alumni have served in the military during every conflict since the Mexican War; during World War II of the 2,976 living graduates all but 49 answered the call of duty, the entire class of 1944 was inducted into the U.S. armed forces and only two members graduated. Alumni served with some of the most famous units of the war including the Flying Tigers and Doolittle Raiders. Seven alumni have served as pilots with the two U.S. military flight demonstration units, the Thunderbirds and Blue Angels; graduates have served as commanders of both squadrons.[9][27]
In 2011 U.S. News & World Report ranked The Citadel highest among public institutions in the "Regional Universities - South" category and fifth out of all universities (public and private) in the same category,[28] defined as those institutions offering "a full range of undergrad programs and some master's programs but few doctoral programs".[29] The school has also routinely been ranked as one of the best values among all institutions in the South.[30] In 2005 Newsweek magazine named The Citadel as one of America's "hottest colleges".[31]
Engineering students are among the most highly-recruited students from The Citadel,[citation needed] and its School of Engineering was ranked 21st among all undergraduate engineering programs in the United States in 2011[32] ; the civil engineering program was ranked eighth in undergraduate engineering specialty programs in 2009.[33]
Kiplinger's magazine, in its ranking of the "Best Values in Public Colleges" for 2006, made mention of The Citadel as a "great value" and noted its "high academic standards" although the military nature of its program excluded it from consideration as a "traditional" four-year college in its rankings.[34]
As of 2010, The Citadel ranks first nationally in graduation rate for public colleges with students having an average SAT score of 1000-1200; the 4 year graduation rate is 63%, and the 6 year rate is 72%.[35]
Undergraduate cadets at The Citadel are members of the South Carolina Corps of Cadets. Cadets must meet physical fitness and SAT/ACT testing standards for acceptance into the Corps of Cadets.[36] On occasion, waivers to height/weight standards can be granted upon successful completion of the physical training test. On most days, cadets have both morning and afternoon physical (fitness) training, called "PT", military instruction on leadership, weapons, drill, and discipline, in addition to their regular college classes.
Most weekdays start with a formal muster and inspection of all personnel and their rooms. Cadets then march to structured military meals. After a day spent in classes, sports, intramurals and other activities, the day usually ends with an evening muster formation and mandatory evening study period during which there is enforced quiet time and all cadets are required to be in the barracks, library or academic buildings. Cadets are restricted to campus during the week but are allowed general leave on weekends and have limited but gradually escalating privileges for weekend and overnight passes.
Because The Citadel emphasizes corps unity and discipline, cadets may not be married and must live on campus in the barracks with their assigned company. The Citadel emphasizes an extremely strict disciplinary and physical fitness indoctrination for fourth-class cadets, who are called knobs because of the shaved heads they must maintain until the end of their first year when they are then recognized as upperclassmen.
Cadets who accumulate too many demerits or breach regulations can be punished by serving confinements or tours. A tour is one hour spent marching in the barracks with a rifle at shoulder arms and is normally performed when a cadet would otherwise be permitted to leave campus. A confinement is one hour spent in a cadet's room when they would normally be permitted to leave campus.
First class cadets, those in their senior year, receive their class rings at a special ring presentation ceremony, which was previously held in the college's chapel, but which now takes place in the school's field house. The Citadel ring is 10 karat gold with no gem stone and is one of the heaviest all-precious/semi-precious metal college rings in the United States. The design is common to all cadets and the design does not change with each class with the exception of the class year. Active-duty and evening undergraduate students receive a ring which is the same size, but with a different design.[37]
One of the core values of The Citadel is a strictly enforced Honor Code that mandates that all cadets and students not lie, cheat, steal or tolerate those who do. A cadet run Honor Court investigates all alleged violations and conducts trials, expulsion is the usual penalty when found guilty.
Included in The Citadel Graduate College student body are numerous active duty Marine and Navy enlisted personnel attending The Citadel under the Seaman To Admiral program (STA-21) and the Marine Enlisted Commissioning Education Program (MECEP), which originated at The Citadel in 1973.[38]
Started by General Mark Clark in 1955 The Citadel Regimental Pipe Band is one of fewer than a dozen all-student college bagpipe bands in the country and it performs at the weekly parade at The Citadel as well as at numerous other public events. The Regimental Band and Pipes were the only unit from the U.S. to perform at the Silver Jubilee 2010 Edinburgh Military Tattoo in Scotland and also appeared there in 1991.[39]
One of the most unique and elite cadet units is the Summerall Guards, a silent drill team chosen each spring from 61 members of the junior class. Founded in 1932 the team performs a routine called The Citadel Series that has changed very little from its inception and has never been written down, the Guards have performed at numerous high profile events around the U.S. including 3 presidential inaugurations, the National Cherry Blossom Festival, Mardi Gras in New Orleans and at several NFL games.[40]
An Honors Program is available for cadets with exceptional academic standing and includes a core curriculum of honors courses conducted by the most highly rated faculty members, small seminars and classes are conducted in a discussion type forum that encourages intellectual advancement. The program also assists the most highly qualified cadets in applying for scholarships, grants and merit based internships; since 1992 The Citadel has produced 13 Fulbright Scholars and 3 Truman Scholars.[41]
Each year cadets participate in study abroad programs in numerous foreign countries, an internship program in Washington, DC allows cadets an opportunity to work at various government agencies and in the offices of congressmen and senators. Summer internship programs are available in many cities with major U.S. corporations.[42]
The Citadel competes in NCAA Division I and has been a member of the Southern Conference since 1936. The college's mascot is the Bulldog. Men's intercollegiate sports are football, basketball, baseball, wrestling, cross country, indoor and outdoor track, rifle, tennis and golf; women sports are volleyball, soccer, cross country, indoor and outdoor track, rifle and golf. Numerous club sports include lacrosse, rugby, pistol, sailing, crew, ice hockey and triathlon.
The Bulldogs baseball team has won 20 Southern Conference regular season and tournament championships, most recently in 2010. The 1990 team won the Atlantic Regional, earning the school its first trip to the College World Series (CWS) and finishing the season ranked sixth in the final Collegiate Baseball poll with a record of 46–14; they also became the first military school to play in the CWS. Numerous alumni have played in the major leagues in recent years; Head Coach Fred Jordan '79 is the school's winningest with more than 700 victories as of the 2012 season.[43]
The football team has won two Southern Conference Championships and appeared in the FCS (Division I-AA) playoffs 3 times; the 1992 squad went 11-2 and finished the regular season ranked #1 in the I-AA poll.[44] Several alumni have played in the NFL including current WR/KR Andre Roberts of the Arizona Cardinals and CB Cortez Allen of the Pittsburgh Steelers. FB Nehemiah Broughton '05 also recently played with the Washington Redskins, Arizona Cardinals and New York Giants; K Greg Davis '87 had a 12 year career with several teams including Arizona and the Atlanta Falcons, ESPN color commentator Paul Maguire '60 played for 3 AFL champions on the Buffalo Bills and former Arizona Cardinals running back Lyvonia "Stump" Mitchell '81 is the current head coach at Southern University and served as an assistant for the Seattle Seahawks and Washington Redskins.
Completed in 2005, the Inouye Rifle Center is one of the newest and most modern in the U.S., it is utilized by cadets, law enforcement and the South Carolina National Guard. The rifle team has won 4 national championships. [45]
The Citadel has the highest graduation rate for athletes (90%) among all public colleges in South Carolina.[46] The football team's rate of 89% is more than 35 points higher than the NCAA Division I average.[citation needed]
Checkerboard Quadrangle of Padgett Thomas Barracks
The Citadel sits on a 300-acre (120 ha) tract of land on the Ashley River. There are 27 buildings grouped around a 10-acre (4.0 ha) grass parade ground. The buildings around the parade ground include ten classroom buildings, an administration building, five barracks, mess hall, a student activities building, chapel, library, a yacht club, a marksmanship center, a field house, faculty housing area and various support facilities including a laundry, cadet store, tailor shop and power plant. The campus is bounded on the west by the Ashley River, to the north by the Wagener Terrace neighborhood, and to the east by Hampton Park and the Hampton Park Terrace neighborhood. Just off the main campus are the football stadium, baseball stadium, and alumni center. Additionally, there is a large beach house facility located near the north end of the Isle of Palms.[47]
The Daniel Library
The Daniel Library was opened in 1960 with major renovations completed in the fall of 2010. It houses over 200,000 volumes of material as well as electronic access to thousands of journals. The third floor of the building houses the campus archives and museum. The Prioleau Room on the first floor houses special collections and is considered by many as one of the best places on campus to study with its dark wood paneling and fire place.
The Citadel’s evening graduate program serves the Lowcountry by offering regionally and professionally accredited bachelor's, master's and specialist degrees scheduled around the student’s profession, family and lifestyle. CGC offers 19 graduate programs with concentrations in education, psychology, computer science and business.[note 2] The Masters of Business Administration program is the only nationally accredited MBA program in the Low Country region of South Carolina. CGC also offers undergraduate evening programs in business and engineering. The Citadel is also the only college in South Carolina that offers an undergraduate civil and electrical engineering degree in an evening program.[citation needed]
In its Vision Statement, the Citadel Board of Visitors identifies the following as the school's "core values:"
- Honor: First and foremost honor includes adherence to the Honor Code of The Citadel. A cadet “will not lie, cheat or steal, nor tolerate those who do”. The commitment to honor extends beyond the gates of The Citadel and is a life-long obligation to moral and ethical behavior. In addition, honor includes integrity; “doing the right thing when no one is watching”. Finally, honorable behavior includes exercising the moral courage to “do the right thing when everyone is watching”. The Honor Code is the foundation of our academic enterprise.
- Duty: First and foremost duty means to accept and accomplish the responsibilities assigned to me. At The Citadel, my primary duty is to perform academically and then to perform as a member of the Corps of Cadets and the campus community. I accept the consequences associated with my performance and actions. Once I have held myself accountable for my actions, then I will hold others accountable for their actions. Finally, duty means that others can depend on me to complete my assignments and to assist them with their assignments. Duty is also a call to serve others before self.
- Respect: First and foremost respect means to treat other people with dignity and worth – the way you want others to treat you. Respect for others eliminates any form of prejudice, discrimination, or harassment (including but not limited to rank, position, age, race, color, gender, sexual orientation, national origin, religion, physical attributes, etc.). In addition, respect for others means to respect the positions of those in authority which include faculty, staff, administrators, active duty personnel and the leadership of the Corps of Cadets. Finally, respect includes a healthy respect for one’s self.
Since its founding, male cadets at The Citadel had not had locks on their barracks doors. Every cadet had a lockbox, however, that could be used to house valuables. The tradition evolved in keeping with the spareness of military life and with the school's honor code, which mandates that cadets do not steal.[citation needed] Since 1997, female cadets have been able to lock their doors from the inside. In 2007, all barracks doors were fitted with working locks.[48] As of 2009 all knobs are required to lock their rooms after Taps.[citation needed]
Approximately half of Citadel's enrollment is from the state of South Carolina; cadets come from 45 states and 10 foreign countries. Women comprise 7% of the Corps and minorities 13%.[49] South Carolina residents receive a discount in tuition, as is common at state-sponsored schools, although The Citadel receives 8% of its operating budget from the state.[50]
All cadets are required to undergo four years of ROTC training in one of the four branches of the armed services, but they are not required to enter military service after graduation. Currently more than forty percent of graduates go into the military serving in all 5 services, both on active duty as well as in the National Guard and Reserves. Over the years, 269 Citadel alumni have reached the top ranks in the military by becoming flag officers (generals, rear admirals or commodores).[51] Alumni of the Citadel have served their country in all wars involving the United States since the school's establishment. Citadel alumni have been killed in action during the Mexican–American War (6), Civil War (67), World War I (15), World War II (280), Korean War (32), Vietnam War (68), Lebanon (1), Grenada (1), the Gulf War (1), and the current conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan (16).[52] Alumni also serve in the military services of foreign countries including 5 four star generals from Thailand and the head of Jordan's Security Forces.[10]
Established with a gift from L. William Krause '64, the Krause Center for Leadership and Ethics offers symposiums, classes and training seminars to help instill the principles of leadership, ethics, morals and service. A minor in leadership studies is also sponsored through this program. Training is conducted each year for freshmen and sophomores on honor and ethics. Leadership classes are also given to cadets in the senior chain of command. The institute also sponsors programs that offer cadets an opportunity to perform community service and instill a sense of commitment to one's fellow man.[53]
"The Citadel Summer Camp", a summer camp for boys and girls ages 10 to 15, was held at The Citadel every summer from 1957 until 2006. Founded by General Mark Wayne Clark, its purpose was to develop and strengthen the physical, mental, ethical, spiritual, patriotic and social characteristics of campers.[54] The Citadel Summer Camp ceased operation in 2006 because of financial issues, space limitations and pressure from several pending lawsuits concerning sexual misconduct.[55][56]
Selected members of Air Force JROTC units from the Southeastern United States cadets are eligible to spend a week at The Citadel for officer training for their home JROTC units. A routine day attending Cadet Officer Leadership School (COLS) begins with waking up to Reveille for morning PT, the remainder of the day is uniform wear and inspection, two classes and constant regulation drill. On the day of graduation from the school, cadets participate in a "pass in review" ceremony where awards and decorations are given to certain cadets who have gone above the normal standards. A PT ribbon and a Leadership School ribbon are given to all cadets who graduate from COLS back at their home unit.
- Pat Conroy's 1980 novel The Lords of Discipline was based on Conroy's experience as a cadet at The Citadel during the 1960s and on his research of other military schools. This book is a fictitious account of the first African American cadet at The Citadel and the class struggle that ensued to both keep and reject the cadet. The novel outraged many of his fellow graduates of The Citadel, who felt that the book was a thinly veiled portrayal of campus life that was highly unflattering. The rift was not healed until 2000, when Conroy was awarded an honorary degree and asked to deliver the commencement address the following year. That year Conroy spearheaded fundraising to renovate the banquet hall in The Citadel Alumni Association building The Lords of Discipline was made into a movie of the same name starring David Keith and Robert Prosky in 1983.
- Sword Drill, a novel by David Epps (Citadel Class of 1980), presents a fictional version of the Citadel’s now disbanded Junior Sword Drill program.[57]
- A thinly veiled depiction of The Citadel provides the background for Calder Willingham's novel End as a Man and the film adaptation, The Strange One.
- The Citadel was used as the location for shooting a 1974 episode of the TV show Columbo called "By Dawn's Early Light" guest starring Patrick McGoohan.
- Major Ben Marco, Denzel Washington's character in the movie The Manchurian Candidate, was a graduate of The Citadel.
- In the film For the Boys, Bette Midler's son graduates as Regimental Commander of the Corps of Cadets. His commencement speech is filmed in front of 2nd Battalion Barracks.
- Several scenes of the movie Dear John were filmed at The Citadel.[58]
- Portions of the music video for Dave Matthews Band, "American Baby" were filmed at The Citadel.
- The Citadel, a novel written by Tom Schroder in 2000.
- ^ Other schools include Florida State University,[19] the Merchant Marine Academy,[20] the University of Mississippi,[citation needed] the College of William and Mary,[21] and VMI.[22]
- ^ In 2007 The Citadel changed its graduate program's name from the College of Graduate and Professional Studies (CGPS) to The Citadel Graduate College (CGC).
- ^ "U.S. and Canadian Institutions Listed by Fiscal Year 2011 Endowment Market Value and Percentage Change in Endowment Market Value from FY 2010 to FY 2011" (PDF). 2011 NACUBO-Commonfund Study of Endowments. National Association of College and University Business Officers. http://www.nacubo.org/Documents/research/2011NCSEPublicTablesEndowmentMarketValues319.pdf. Retrieved April 10, 2012.
- ^ "Southern Association of Colleges and Schools". Southern Association of Colleges and Schools. http://sacscoc.org/details.asp?instid=21600. Retrieved 2012-04-13.
- ^ a b Quick Facts[dead link] from the Citadel web site.
- ^ http://www.citadel.edu/root/graduatecollege, info
- ^ CPGS Overview from the Citadel web site.[dead link]
- ^ Citadel reinstates veterans program The Citadel Public Affairs Office
- ^ http://www.citadel.edu/root/navy-sta21, http://www3.citadel.edu/nrotc/Marines/MECEP/MECEP.htm
- ^ http://www.citadel.edu/root/mission-statement, info
- ^ a b http://www.blueangels.navy.mil/team/officers.aspx Blue Angels website
- ^ a b "Distinguished and Notable Citadel Alumni" at http://citadelalumni.org/dcal/
- ^ John P. Thomas, History of the South Carolina Military Academy 1783-1892 (Charleston, SC, Walker, Evans & Cogswell Co., 1893) p.5-6
- ^ "Brief History of The Citadel". http://citadel.edu/root/brief-history. Retrieved 2012-02-27.
- ^ Oliver J. Bond, The Story of The Citadel (Richmond, VA, Garrett and Massie) pp 168-170
- ^ http://citadel.edu/root/brief-history
- ^ "Citadel cadets re-enact first shots of Civil War," Associated Press, January 11, 2011.
- ^ http://www.citadel.edu/root/brief-history#duringwbts
- ^ "Cannon fire ushers in 150th anniversary of Civil War," Associated Press, April 12, 2011
- ^ http://www.citadel.edu/root/brief-history#duringwbts
- ^ http://registrar.fsu.edu/bulletin/undergrad/info/the_university.htm
- ^ http://fs.ncaa.org/Docs/NCAANewsArchive/2006/Endzone/endzone%2B-%2Bshoring%2Bup%2Bsecurity%2B-%2B9-25-06%2Bncaa%2Bnews.html
- ^ http://www.wm.edu/as/militaryscience/about/index.php
- ^ http://articles.baltimoresun.com/2004-05-09/news/0405030044_1_corps-of-cadets-vmi-new-market
- ^ "195 acres (79 ha) land Donated by City", The Charleston (S.C.) Evening Post: 10, December 11, 1918
- ^ "Citadel Bill Is Safely Passed", The Charleston (S.C.) Evening Post: 6, February 27, 1919
- ^ Citadel.edu - 1999 Commencement Address by Patrick J. Buchanan
- ^ http://externalaffairs.citadel.edu/respect-fact-sheet
- ^ "Air Force Commander Killed," Charleston News and Courier, September 9, 1981.
- ^ http://colleges.usnews.rankingsandreviews.com/best-colleges/the-citadel-3423 U.S. News & World Report 2012 rankings
- ^ U.S. News & World Report 2012 "Regional University South Rankings".
- ^ America's Best Colleges 2009, U.S. News & World Report web site.
- ^ http://www.wistv.com/Global/story.asp?S=3735974&nav=0RaPdSkj
- ^ "The Citadel up 2 spots in US News best college rankings," WCSC-TV, August 17, 2010.
- ^ The Citadel remains highly ranked by U.S.News for both quality, value The Citadel website.
- ^ Lankford, Kimberly (2006). Best Values in Public Colleges. Kiplinger's.
- ^ College Results Online.
- ^ Admissions policy The Citadel website.
- ^ The Ring The Buoniconti Fund website.[dead link]
- ^ The Citadel MECEP Platoon | Turning Flat Black to Gold Since 1973
- ^ http://www.jdnews.com/articles/pipes-71416-ideal-bagpipe.html "Warming up the pipes," Jacksonville Daily News, January 03, 2010
- ^ "Summerall Guards selected to march at Bush's inauguration," Charleston Post and Courier, December 14, 2004.
- ^ http://www.citadel.edu/root/honors-program
- ^ www.citadel.edu/root/mss-study-abroad, www.citadel.edu/pao/president/parents/mar05parents/, www.citadel.edu/career_services/internships.pdf
- ^ http://www.citadelsports.com/sports/bsb/2011-12/releases/20120413aq2ux5
- ^ "Two former coaches coming back to The Citadel"". WCBD-TV. http://www2.counton2.com/news/2012/mar/15/1/two-former-coaches-coming-back-citadel-ar-3421637/. Retrieved March 15, 2012.
- ^ http://www.citadelsports.com/information/insideAthletics/facilities/Inouye; http://www.citadelalumni.org/dcal/statistics.php
- ^ The Citadel 2010 Football Media Guide
- ^ http://www.citadel.edu/root/visitors-campus-guide/129-info/visit/virtual-tours/599
- ^ http://archives.postandcourier.com/archive/arch07/0407/arc04224357537.shtml "Barracks to get locks," Charleston Post and Courier, April 22, 2007.
- ^ http://www.citadel.edu/root/info
- ^ http://thesportsarsenal.wordpress.com/2012/03/25/the-citadel-needs-to-sponsor-more-varsity-sports-and-a-few-other-things
- ^ "Alumni Achievement". Citadel Alumni Association. 2010-05-12. http://www.citadelalumni.org/dcal/statistics.php.
- ^ http://externalaffairs.citadel.edu/Ryan_hall
- ^ http://www.citadel.edu/root/krausecenter
- ^ The Citadel Summer Camp[dead link]
- ^ "Citadel warned, but did nothing," Charleston Post & Courier, November 13, 2011
- ^ Citadel named in lawsuit
- ^ Sword Drill website
- ^ "Winter 2009 News from the South Carolina Film Commission," Savannah Daily News, January 23, 2009.
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