Legio Nona Hispana (Ninth Spanish Legion) was a Roman legion which operated from the first century BCE until mid 2nd century CE. The Spanish Legion's eventual fate is uncertain. Earlier speculation that it was destroyed in Scotland in about 117 CE, inspiring several works of fiction and movies, has been replaced with a belief that it was transferred out of Britain sometime between 108 and the early 120s. Suggestions for its destruction include its loss during the Roman-Parthian Wars or during the Bar Kokhba Revolt of 132–136 CE. It is mentioned as being stationed to help rebuild the legionary fortress at York (Eboracum) in 107–108 CE and tile stamps at Nijmegen showing that it or at least part of it was there later.

The origin of the legion is uncertain, but Caesar is known to have found a Ninth Legion already based in Gaul in 58 BCE, where it remained during the whole campaign of the Gallic wars.

According to Stephen Dando-Collins the legion was raised, along with the 6th, 7th and 8th, by Pompey in Hispania in 65 BCE.

Legio was a Roman Catholic titular see in the former Roman province of Palestina Secunda, which was suffragan of Scythopolis

It figures for the first time in a Latin episcopal notitia, dating probably from the eleventh century, where it is given under the name of Legionum, between the Bishoprics of Diocæsarea and Capitolias (Tobler and Molinier, "Itinera Hierosolymitana", I, Geneva, 1880, 343). If, however, we consult the Greek Notitiæ Episcopatuum, of which the Latin is only a translation, we find in that place, not Legio, but Maximianopolis. The see of Legio is, therefore, identical with Maximianopolis.

In the Middle Ages both cities were identified, being near neighbours, though really distinct places in the same see. Legio became Lajjun, well known in the Bible and in history under the name of Megiddo.

In 2002–2003 an archaeological survey was made in the Legio region by Yotam Tepper as part of his master's thesis. The survey located the legionary camp of the Legio VI Ferrata on the northern slope of the El-Manach hill, the village of Ceparcotani on the adjacent hill, and the city of Maximianopolis on the site of the contemporary Kibbutz Megiddo.