Look up eastside in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

East Side or Eastside may refer to:

Places[link]

Municipalities[link]

• East Side Township, Mille Lacs County, Minnesota, United States
• East Side, Pennsylvania, United States

Neighborhoods[link]

Canada[link]

• Eastside, Ontario, a neighborhood in Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario
• Downtown Eastside, Vancouver, British Columbia

United Kingdom[link]

• Eastside, Birmingham, West Midlands, England
• Eastside, Swansea, Wales

United States[link]

• Eastside, Binghamton, a neighborhood in the eastern section of the New York State city of Binghamton
• East Side, Buffalo, New York
• East Side, Chicago, Illinois
• Eastside, Flint, Michigan
• Eastside, California
• East Side, Kansas City
• Eastside, Lexington, a neighborhood in southeastern Lexington, Kentucky, United States
• Eastside, Long Beach, California
• East Los Angeles, California
• East Los Angeles (region)
• East Side (Melrose), a Melrose, Massachusetts neighborhood
• East Side (Manhattan), New York
• Lower East Side, Manhattan, New York
• Upper East Side, Manhattan, New York
• East Side, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
• Eastside, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
• Eastside, Paterson, New Jersey
• East Side, Phoenix, Arizona
• East Side, Providence, Rhode Island, a collection of neighborhoods in Providence, Rhode Island
• East Side, St. Paul, Minnesota
• East San Jose, California
• East Side of Stamford, Connecticut

Other regions[link]

• Eastside (King County, Washington), the eastern suburbs of Seattle, Washington.
• The East Coast of the United States, the easternmost coastal states in the United States
• Eastern Washington, the portion of the U.S. state of Washington east of the Cascade Range

Shopping Arcade[link]

• Eastside, Cardiff, part of St. David's Centre, Cardiff, Wales.

Film, TV and music[link]

• Eastside (film), a 1999 film by Lorena David starring Mario Lopez
• East Side/West Side, a 1963 TV show
• The East Side Boyz, rap music producer Lil Jon's group
• East Side, a 2000 song by Canadian pop group Smoother

See also[link]

• Eastside High School (disambiguation)

This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the same title. If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article.

Freddie Gibbs
Freddie Gibbs in 2011
Background information
Birth name	Fredrick Tipton
Born	(1982-06-14) June 14, 1982 (age 30)
Origin	Gary, Indiana, United States of America
Genres	Hip hop
Occupations	Rapper, emcee, lyricist, musician
Years active	2001–present
Labels	CTE World, Decon, Str8 Slammin'
Associated acts	Young Jeezy, Statik Selektah, Str8 Slammin' Click, Bun B, The Cool Kids, Curren$y, Big K.R.I.T., Madlib,
Website	Freddie Gibbs

Fredrick Tipton (born June 14, 1982), better known by his stage names Freddie Gibbs and Gangsta Gibbs, is an American hip hop artist from Gary, IN. He has been active since 2001. Gibbs is also a member of the hip hop group, P.O.C.

Bio[link]

In 2009 rapper Freddie Gibbs set out to be the Midwest’s unofficial street poet, releasing a series of mixtapes that were as complex as they were thuggish. Influenced by the likes of 2Pac, Biggie, UGK, and Bone Thugs-N-Harmony, Gibbs filled his lyrics with honest and compelling stories of his hometown’s demise, a steady decline to which he helped contribute while a drug dealer. He dealt out of a Gary, IN, recording studio, absorbing a steady stream of uninspired rhymes while pushing product. Figuring he could do better, Gibbs began writing his own lyrics and cut some demos that would eventually land in the hands of Interscope. When the label signed Gibbs in 2006, he moved to Los Angeles and recorded a debut album, but a year later the management of Interscope changed hands and the rapper was dropped. He returned to Gary, and then moved to Atlanta until producer Josh the Goon convinced Gibbs to return to L.A. for one more try. In early 2009 he released the Miseducation of Freddie Gibbs mixtape to critical and message board acclaim. The Midwestgangstaboxframecadillacmuzik mixtape soon followed, as did a feature in The New Yorker that found writer Sasha Frere-Jones declaring Gibbs “the one rapper I would put money on right now." Late in the year he released the 81-song mixtape The Labels Tryin' to Kill Me. As the mixtape’s title inferred, Gibbs had, like Jay Electronica, become a 21st century, Internet-age hip-hop star, able to draw press and earn a loyal following via downloads and mixtapes instead of the usual industry channels. He finished 2009 proudly unsigned but in 2010 he made a rare aboveground appearance with the Str8 Killa EP, released on the Decon label. In April 2011, Gibbs was annonced signed to CTE, an Atlanta based label founded by rapper Young Jeezy. As an introductory and celebratory stepping stone into CTE, Gibbs brought out Jeezy during concert at the Bottom Lounge in Chicago, which also featured Smoke DZA and Big K.R.I.T. He has a song, "Look Easy," produced by Speakerbomb, that was featured on 2K Sports "2K12." Gibbs was recently featured on the deluxe edition album of Young Jeezy's third studio album Thug Motivation 103: Hustlerz Ambition on a song called ".38"

Career[link]

[edit] The Miseducation of Freddie Gibbs

In 2009, Freddie Gibbs brought out The Miseducation of Freddie Gibbs, which is a compilation of his work to that date, mixing mixtape tracks with unreleased studio material—and midwestgangstaboxframecadillacmuzik—a collection of new music.^[1] Both were released for free to the internet.^[2]

[edit] Cold Day In Hell

In 2011, the next musical massacre from Gary, Indiana's Freddie Gibbs takes shape in the form of Cold Day In Hell, a frigid offering flaunting Gangsta Gibbs' street-savvy vernacular with verses from a veritable who's-who of likeminded spitters; the venerable Young Jeezy, Three Six Mafioso Juicy J, Rocafella ex-pat Freeway and West Coast stalwart Dom Kennedy are among the lyricists tapped for the project. Once again, Freddie is pulling no punches, unleashing his verbal vendetta over production from J.U.S.T.I.C.E. League, Big K.R.I.T., Cardo, DJ Burn One, Block Beattaz, Beatnick & K-Salaam and more.

Los Angeles clothing/media purveyor LRG has partnered with Gibbs for the release, making manifest Freddie's creative vision in the album art and pending videos. The album cover features a disheveled marquee, a nod to Gary, Indiana's tragic landmark, the Palace Theater as well as numerous crack-boom and blacksploitation archetypes brought to life by prolific LA graffiti writer and MSK affiliate, Augor. Similarly, the concept for the first video, the grimy "Anything To Survive", is envisioned by LRG in-house production team Wood Works and Derek Pike. Unwilling to merely just stamp a logo on the mixtape and call it finished, LRG is assisting in a non-traditional sense, helping to oversee the project by rounding out Freddie's vision with their resources. The proof is in the product.

Pulled Over by the Cops (P.O.C.)[link]

On February 18, 2011, Freddie Gibbs announced on his website that he has joined up with Cleveland's Chip tha Ripper and Chuck Inglish and Mikey Rocks of The Cool Kids to form the hip hop group, Pulled Over by the Cops (P.O.C.).^[3]

Recognition[link]

Critics have recognized Gibbs' technically proficient and stylistically diverse rapping, likening his skill to that of Eddie Van Halen vis-à-vis the guitar.^[4]

Influences[link]

Freddie Gibbs lists as his influences artists such as Tupac Shakur, Nas, Bone Thugs-N-Harmony, The Geto Boys, UGK, Three 6 Mafia, OutKast, Jay-Z, Raekwon, Eminem, Twista, Noreaga, Ol' Dirty Bastard

Discography[link]

Albums[link]

• MadGibbs (with Madlib) (2012)
• It's The World (with CTE World) (2012)
• The Neck Tie Party (TBA)
• The World Is My Ashtray (with Ski Beatz) (TBA)

EPs[link]

• Str8 Killa (2010)^[5]
• Lord Giveth, Lord Taketh Away (with Statik Selektah) (2011)
• Thuggin' (with Madlib as MadGibbs) (2011)
• Shame EP (Madgibbs) (July 10th 2012)

Mixtapes[link]

• Full Metal Jackit: The Mixtape [Vol. 1] (2004)
• Full Metal Jackit: The Mixtape [Vol. 2] (2004)
• Live from Gary, Indiana (2007)
• Live from Gary, Indiana [Part 2] (2008),,...
• The Miseducation of Freddie Gibbs (2009)
• midwestgangstaboxframecadillacmuzik (2009)
• The Labels Tryin To Kill Me! (2009)
• Str8 Killa No Filla (2010)
• Cold Day In Hell (2011)
• Baby Face Killa (Hosted by DJ Drama) (2012)

Guest appearances[link]

2012[link]

References[link]

Lil Jon
Аt Halo 3 Exclusive Preview in Atlanta, September 2007.
Background information
Birth name	Jonathan Smith
Born	(1971-01-27) January 27, 1971 (age 41)[1] Atlanta, Georgia, U.S.
Genres	Hip hop, crunk
Occupations	Rapper, songwriter, DJ, producer, Actor,
Instruments	Keyboard, synthesizer, drum machine, sampler
Years active	1995–present
Labels	BME Universal Republic TVT Little Jonathan Inc.
Associated acts	Lil Jon & The Eastside Boyz, Ying Yang Twins, Pitbull, The Mr. Move, Too Short, 8Ball & MJG, E-40, Oobie, Yelawolf, LMFAO
Notable instruments
Roland TR-808, OpenLabs NeKo, Clavia Nord Lead

Jonathan Smith (born January 27, 1971),^[1][2][3] better known by his stage name Lil Jon, is an American rapper, music producer, entrepreneur, and international DJ who was a member of the group Lil Jon & The East Side Boyz. Lil Jon formed the group in 1997, and the group released several albums between then and 2004. He then went solo and released a new album in 2010 called Crunk Rock.

Early life[link]

Lil' Jon was born and raised in Atlanta, Georgia. He graduated from Frederick Douglass High School.^[4]

Career[link]

Early career[link]

After working as a DJ for Atlanta night clubs, he started working for So So Def Recordings between 1993 and 2000.^[5] The group signed to the Atlanta-based Mirror Image Records and were distributed by Ichiban Records. In 1997, Lil' Jon & the East Side Boyz debuted with Get Crunk, Who U Wit: Da Album. It included singles "Who U Wit?" and "Shawty Freak a Lil' Sumthin'", the latter of which came out in 1998. Both singles charted on the Billboard Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart at No. 70 and No. 62 respectively.^[6] In 2000 Jon took part in starting up his own label BME Recordings and signed a distribution agreement with Norcross, Georgia based Southern Music Distribution. There he released his break through album titled We Still Crunk. Among the tracks on that project was the hit single "I Like Dem Girlz", which reached No. 55 on the R&B chart and No. 3 on the Hot Rap Tracks chart.

After hearing feedback that Lil' Jon was "the new guy" from street team people in the markets where he was attracting his biggest audiences – namely Atlanta, St. Louis, Memphis and Dallas – A&R at TVT, Bryan Leach, went to one of his Atlanta shows and was blown away by the immense energy of the experience.^[7] Leach told HitQuarters: "It was like early Beastie Boys, when they had the energy of a rock group but they were rapping, and ... that energy is what crunk music is all about."^[7] Lil' Jon & The East Side Boyz signed to TVT Records in 2001 and debuted there with Put Yo Hood Up, which combined previously released tracks with new ones. The group's first nationally played single was "Bia' Bia'", which featured rappers Ludacris, Too Short, Big Kapp, and Chyna Whyte.^[1] "Bia' Bia'" peaked at No. 97 on the Billboard Hot 100 and No. 47 on the Billboard R&B chart.^[6]

In 2002, the group released Kings of Crunk. "I Don't Give A..." was its first single; it featured Mystikal and Krayzie Bone and peaked at No. 50 on the R&B chart.^[6] The group's next single, a collaboration with fellow Atlanta hip hop group Ying Yang Twins titled "Get Low", became popular in nightclubs nationwide and reached the top ten of the Hot 100.Crunk Juice followed in 2004, led by "What U Gon' Do" featuring Lil' Scrappy. "What U Gon' Do" peaked at No. 22 on the Hot 100, No. 13 on the R&B chart, and No. 5 on the rap chart; its follow-up, "Lovers & Friends" featuring Usher and Ludacris, peaked at No. 3 (Hot 100), No. 2 (R&B), and No. 1 (rap).^[6]

Solo career and production[link]

In addition to leading Lil' Jon & The East Side Boyz, Lil' Jon has also produced many hit urban singles. From 2003 to 2005, while still with The East Side Boyz, Lil' Jon produced hits like "Salt Shaker" by Ying Yang Twins, "Yeah!" by Usher, "Freek-a-Leek" by Petey Pablo, "Shorty Wanna Ride" by Young Buck, "Shake That Monkey" by Too Short, "Let's Go" by Trick Daddy, and "Girlfight" by Brooke Valentine.^[1] Lil' Jon entered the San Francisco Bay Area hyphy music scene in 2006 with his collaborations with Bay Area rapper E-40: Lil' Jon produced E-40's single "Tell Me When To Go" and had E-40 and Atlanta rapper Sean P on his own "Snap Yo Fingers".^[8] In 2006, Lil' Jon severed his negotiation with record label TVT. He vowed never to record for TVT Records again, alleging that TVT owner Steve Gottlieb was shortchanging him.^{[dead link][9]} He also began recording a rock music album, Crunk Rock; in May 2006 he began recording in Las Vegas, Nevada because rock band The Killers was recording its upcoming album Sam's Town there and the East Side Boyz signed a new deal with Rick Robinson aka Double R CEO and Founder of IMG Recordings, which the album got pushed back to 2013.^[10]

MTV News reported in March 2008 that Crunk Rock was taking more time to complete than Lil' Jon already planned.^[11] As part of TVT Records' 2008 bankruptcy auction, Lil' Jon withdrew his multi-million dollar objection to the TVT sale proceedings and agreed to TVT’s transfer of his artist agreement to The Orchard. In return, The Orchard released Lil' Jon from all future obligations and returned the rights to the master recordings of Crunk Rock. Crunk Rock was finally released on June 8, 2010 and it features artists such as LMFAO, Soulja Boy, Ying Yang Twins, Waka Flocka Flame, R.Kelly, and many more.^[12] In March 2011, Lil Jon took part in the fourth season of The Celebrity Apprentice on NBC and was eliminated in the Final Four.^[13] In July 2011, in a recent interview has said that he is working on a new studio album called "Party Animal" and has released a song with LMFAO called "Drink".

Musical style and influences[link]

Jason Birchmeier of all music has described Lil' Jon's production as "bass-heavy" and his album Put Yo Hood Up as having "a long and varied list of guest rappers to accompany the beats". With the guest performers featured on that album much more than the East Side Boyz, Birchmeier remarked: "The end result is an album that resembles a street-level mixtape rather than a traditional artist-oriented album".^[14] He was specifically influenced by 2 Live Crew, 8Ball & MJG, OutKast, Geto Boys, UGK, Dr. Dre, and Sir Mix-A-Lot. Alex Henderson, also of allmusic, contrasted Lil' Jon's style of "rowdy, in-your-face, profanity-filled party music" with other Southern rappers', those who "have a gansta/thug life agenda" and those who convey "serious sociopolitical messages".^[15] Lil' Jon has also found influence in rock music, having worked with Rick Rubin and Korn.^[16] This influence embodies itself in his aggressive delivery and 'yelling' style of rap. He was seen on VH1's 100 Greatest Artists of All-Time program wearing a Bad Brains t-shirt and also used to listen to Lynyrd Skynyrd growing up in the South in the 70s. For Trick Daddy's "Let's Go", Lil' Jon sampled the bass line from Ozzy Osbourne's "Crazy Train".^[10]

Personal life[link]

In 2004, Lil Jon was married in Puerto Rico.^[17] He also has a son named Slade Smith (born in 1998).

Discography[link]

Solo

• Crunk Rock (2010)
• Party Animal (TBA)

With the East Side Boyz

• Get Crunk, Who U Wit: Da Album (1997)
• We Still Crunk!! (2000)
• Put Yo Hood Up (2001)
• Kings of Crunk (2002)
• Crunk Juice (2004)

Video games[link]

• Tony Hawk's American Wasteland
• 25 To Life (cameo appearance)
• Def Jam: Icon
• Need for Speed: Underground "Get Low (song)" song is featured in this game
• Def Jam: Icon "Get Low (song)" song in this Game

Filmography[link]

• 2004: Soul Plane
• 2005: Boss'n Up
• 2005: Hip-Hop Honeys: Las Vegas
• 2006: Date Movie
• 2006: Scary Movie 4
• 2007: Class of 3000
• 2008: Smoke and Mirrors
• 2009: Pimp My Ride International
• 2010: Freaknik: The Musical (voice only)
• 2011: The Celebrity Apprentice 4

Television Shows[link]

Chappelle's Show (2004)
Wild 'n Out (2006)

See also[link]

• List of celebrities who own wineries and vineyards

References[link]

External links[link]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Lil Jon

Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to: Lil Jon

• Official website
• Lil Jon at MTV
• Lil Jon at the Internet Movie Database

This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (October 2009)

Ice cubes in a glass of iced tea

Ice cubes are small, roughly cube-shaped pieces of ice, conventionally used to cool beverages. Ice cubes are sometimes preferred over crushed ice because they melt more slowly; they are standard in mixed drinks that call for ice, in which case the drink is said to be "on the rocks."

Ice cubes that are crushed or sheared into irregularly-shaped flakes may add an interesting aesthetic effect to some cocktails. Crushed ice is also used when faster cooling is desired, since the rate of cooling is governed by the number and average radius of the ice particles.^[1]

Melting ice cubes sometimes precipitate white flakes, commonly known as "floaties". This is calcium carbonate which is present in many water supplies and is completely harmless.^{[citation needed]}

Origin[link]

Gorrie's ice machine.

American physician and humanitarian John Gorrie built a refrigerator in 1844 with the purpose of cooling air. His refrigerator produced ice which he hung from the ceiling in a basin. Gorrie can be considered the creator of ice cubes, but his aim was not to cool drinks: he used the ice to lower the ambient room temperature. During his time, a dominant idea was that bad air quality caused disease. Therefore, in order to help treat sickness, he pushed for the draining of swamps and the cooling of sickrooms.

Methods of production[link]

Ice cubes are produced domestically by filling an ice cube tray with water and placing it in a freezer. Many freezers also come equipped with an icemaker, which produces ice cubes automatically and stores them in a bin from which they can be dispensed directly into a glass.

Ice cube tray[link]

Ice cubes in a tray

Ice cube trays are designed to be filled with water, then placed in a freezer until the water freezes to ice, producing ice cubes. Trays are often flexible, so the frozen cubes can be easily removed by flexing the tray. Twist ice trays have a simple spring loaded mechanism with a lever that is used to turn the tray upside down and flex at the same time such that the cubes drop are collected in a removable tray below and return the ice cube tray to its upright position without removing it from the freezer which can save time and reduces accidents and mess, though the tray has to be removed to be collected and the ice cube tray still has to be removed to be refilled. An alternative system is an aluminum tray with a lever that raises the ice cubes, freeing them from the tray. A motorized version of this is found in most automatic ice-making freezers.

While the usual shape of the ice 'cube' is roughly cubical, there are trays that dispense hemispherical or cylindrical blocks. These are commonly referred to as ice tubes. Some novelty trays produce blocks of ice in seasonal, festive or other shapes.

The first rubber ice cube tray was invented by Lloyd Groff Copeman. One day in 1928, while walking through some woods collecting sap for maple syrup, Copeman noticed that slush and ice flaked off his rubber boots rather than adhering to them. Having recalled this incident over lunch with his patent attorney, he conducted experiments using rubber cups. Later, he set about designing and then patenting different types of tray: a metal tray with rubber separators, a metal tray with individual rubber cups, and a tray made completely of rubber.^[2]

The first flexible stainless steel, all-metal ice cube tray was created by Guy L. Tinkham in 1933. The tray bent sideways to remove the ice cubes.

Several companies now offer pre-filled disposable ice trays for home freezing, which they claim provide better taste and reduced risk of contamination.^[3]

Large-scale ice cube production[link]

Dedicated ice-maker machines can be used to produce ice cubes for laboratories and academic use. Ice cubes are also produced commercially and sold in bulk; these ice cubes, despite their name, are often cylindrical, and may have holes through the center.

An interesting characteristic of commercially made ice cubes is that they are completely clear, lacking the clouding found in the center of domestically made ice cubes. Cloudy ice cubes result when water is frozen quickly, or when the water is high in dissolved solids. When water is cooled to its freezing point, and ice starts to form, dissolved gases can no longer stay in solution and come out as microscopic bubbles. However, as ice floats in water, once there is enough ice to form a layer on the surface, the ice layer traps all bubbles within the ice cube. Commercial ice-makers use a flowing source of purified water to make ice with cooling elements at the bottom, allowing the bubbles to be washed away from the top as the cube grows.^{[citation needed]}

See also[link]

Listen to this article (info/dl)

This audio file was created from a revision of the "Ice cube" article dated 2006-05-10, and does not reflect subsequent edits to the article. (Audio help)

More spoken articles

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Ice cubes

• Ice pack
• Pagophagia
• Refrigeration
• Ice

References[link]

1. ^ Rauch, Jeffrey (1975). "The mathematical theory of crushed ice". Partial differential equations and related topics (Program, Tulane Univ., New Orleans, La., 1974). Berlin, New York (the state): Springer-Verlag. pp. 370–379. MR0427863. 
2. ^ "www.lloydcopeman.com: Biography". http://www.lloydcopeman.com/biography/CopemanStory.pdf. 
3. ^ "After Bottled Water? Purified Ice Cubes". http://www.aquaice.com/PressRelease_WSJ_2006.htm. Retrieved 2008-06-03. 

External links[link]

Look up ice cube in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

• Hot water can freeze faster than cold water (Subscription required)

Cash out refinancing (in the case of real property) occurs when a loan is taken out on property already owned, and the loan amount is above and beyond the cost of transaction, payoff of existing liens, and related expenses.

Definition[link]

Strictly speaking all refinancing of debt is "cash-out", when funds retrieved are utilized for anything other than repaying an existing lien.

In the case of common usage of the term, cash out refinancing refers to when equity is liquidated from a property above and beyond sum of the payoff of existing loans held in lien on the property, loan fees, costs associated with the loan, taxes, insurance, tax reserves, insurance reserves, and in the past any other non-lien debt held in the name of the owner being paid by loan proceeds.

Example of Cash Out Refinancing[link]

A homeowner who owes $80,000 on a home valued at $200,000 has $120,000 in equity. That equity can be liquidated with a cash out refinance loan providing the loan is larger than $80,000.

The total amount of equity that can be withdrawn with a cash-out refinance is dependent on the mortgage lender, the cash-out refinance program, and other relative factors, such as the value of the home.

Related topics[link]

The opposite, "Rate-and-term" refinancing occurs when a better note rate, better loan terms, or both become available to an owner which restructures their debt portfolio as it relates to liens held against a subject property. Consolidating multiple loans into one loan without extracting cash is also a rate-and-term.

Loan-to-value limits, and other factors in loan approval determine how much cash can be taken out from the equity of any one property.

See also[link]

• California Proposition 13 (1978), U.S.
• Real estate bubble
• Inflation
• Home equity

External links[link]

• FHA Cash Out Refinance Fact Sheet

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