This article lacks historical information on the subject. Specifically: it fails to discuss in greater detail the years when it was known as ABC Sports and the contributions of Roone Arledge, the single most important man in the entity's history. Please help to add historical material to help counter systemic bias towards recent information. (March 2012)

ESPN on ABC (formerly known as ABC Sports) is the brand used for sports programming on the ABC television network. Officially the broadcast network retains its own sports division; however, for all practical purposes, ABC's sports division has been merged with ESPN, a sports cable network majority-owned by ABC's parent, The Walt Disney Company.

ABC broadcasts use ESPN's production and announcing staff, and incorporate elements such as ESPN-branded on-screen graphics, SportsCenter in-game updates, and the BottomLine ticker. The ABC logo is used for the digital on-screen graphic in the bottom right hand corner of the screen, and is also used for promotions so that viewers will know to tune into the broadcast network and not the ESPN cable channel.^[1]

Prior to September 2, 2006, the broadcast network's coverage carried the ABC Sports brand,^[2] although integration of ABC's sports division with ESPN had begun a decade earlier. The branding change was made to better orient ESPN viewers with the programming on ABC and provide consistent branding across ESPN's outlets (shortly thereafter, ESPN2's in-game graphics were likewise changed to refer simply to "ESPN"). Despite its name, ABC's sports coverage is supplemental to and not a simulcast of ESPN, although ESPN and ESPN2 will often carry ABC's regional broadcasts that otherwise wouldn't air in certain markets.

History[link]

Pre-Disney[link]

Like its longtime competitors CBS Sports and NBC Sports, ABC Sports was originally part of the news division of the ABC network, and later (after 1961) a separate sports division. The seeds of its eventual integration with ESPN occurred when ABC bought majority control of ESPN in 1984. A year later, Capital Cities Communications bought ABC. Although some ESPN sportscasters such as John Saunders and Dick Vitale began to also appear on ABC Sports telecasts, ESPN and ABC Sports continued to operate separately.

Late 1990s: Disney purchase and integration[link]

After The Walt Disney Company bought Capital Cities/ABC in 1996, Disney started to slowly integrate ESPN and ABC Sports. ESPN personalities like Chris Berman, Mike Tirico, and Brad Nessler worked on ABC Sports programs. In 1998, ESPN adopted ABC Sports' Monday Night Football graphics and music for its Sunday Night Football broadcasts. During that same year, ESPN signed a five year deal to televise National Hockey League (NHL) games, whereby the cable network essentially bought time on ABC to air selected NHL games. This was noted in copyright beds at the conclusion of the telecasts, i.e. "The preceding program has been paid for by ESPN, Inc." ESPN then signed a similar television rights contract in 2002 so it could produce and broadcast National Basketball Association (NBA) games on ABC.

ESPN graphics also appeared on ABC's telecasts of motor sports events like NASCAR and IndyCar during this period.

Early 2000s: Continued integration[link]

Between 2000-2002, many ABC Sports programs utilized graphics almost identical to those of ESPN. One notable exception was Monday Night Football, which switched to different graphics as part of then-new producer Don Ohlmeyer's attempt to provide some new vigor into those telecasts. From 2002 to 2005, ABC changed graphics each fall, while ESPN's basically remained consistent.

Meanwhile, Disney continued to consolidate the corporate structure of ESPN and ABC Sports. Steve Bornstein was given the title as president of both ESPN and ABC Sports in 1996. The sales, marketing, and production departments of both divisions were eventually merged. Thus, ESPN uses some union production crews for its coverage (as the networks normally do), whereas non-union personnel is quite common in cable sports broadcasting.

Late 2000s: The end of ABC Sports[link]

It was announced in August 2006 that ABC Sports would be totally integrated into ESPN, using ESPN graphics, music, and production. The brand integration does not directly affect whether ESPN (the cable channel) or ABC carries a particular event, as in most cases this is governed by contracts with the applicable league or organization. Perhaps confusingly, this means that some events are broadcast with ESPN branding during ABC coverage, even though another channel owns the cable rights – for example, TNT owned cable rights to the British Open from 2003 to 2009 (with ABC picking up weekend coverage), while IndyCar Series rights are currently split between ABC and Versus (now the NBC Sports Network).

The last live sporting event televised under the ABC Sports banner was the United States Championship Game in the Little League World Series on Saturday, August 26, 2006 (ABC was slated to carry the Little League World Series Championship Game on Sunday, August 27, but the game was postponed to Monday August 28 due to rain, subsequently airing on ESPN2). The changeover took effect the following weekend to coincide with the start of the college football season, with NBA, IndyCar Series, and NASCAR coverage eventually following suit.

However, ABC used its own graphics (with the ABC logo), to cover the final round of the Scripps National Spelling Bee, similar to the older-styled ESPN graphics but with a yellow base. In 2008, though, it used the newer yellow and red ESPN graphics which had been used on other recent telecasts but also with the ABC logo.

ESPN, ABC Sports, and Hearst[link]

Despite the rebranding, it appears that ABC Sports continues to exist, at least nominally, as a division of the ABC network – George Bodenheimer's official title has remained "President, ESPN Inc. and ABC Sports" (the second part would be unnecessary if ESPN had fully absorbed ABC's sports operations). In addition, ABC itself maintains the copyright over many of the ESPN-branded broadcasts, if they are not contractually assigned to the applicable league or organizer, suggesting that ESPN has merely "loaned" usage of its brand name, staff, and infrastructure to ABC, rather than having acquired ABC Sports outright.

This is likely a minor technicality stemming from ESPN being technically a joint venture of Disney (80%) and Hearst Corporation (20%). Disney has long exercised operating control of the network, while Hearst is believed to be more of a silent partner rather than an active participant in ESPN's management. However, this relationship does mean that Hearst's ABC affiliates, such as WTAE-TV in Pittsburgh, WCVB-TV in Boston, WMUR-TV in Manchester, New Hampshire, WISN-TV in Milwaukee, and KMBC-TV in Kansas City, have first right of refusal on the local simulcasts of ESPN-televised Monday Night Football games involving home-market teams, which are very rarely waived to other stations in their markets. Equally, other Hearst stations such as NBC affiliated WBAL-TV in Baltimore have been able to air NFL games from ESPN for the same reason (WMOR-TV in the Tampa Bay Area is also eligible to air these games, but rarely if ever does so).^[3] Under NFL broadcasting rules, the league's cable games must be simulcast on broadcast television in the local markets of the teams playing, though the home team's market does not get the game if it does not sell out 72 hours before kickoff - games that are not sold out must be blacked out in the market of origin. Similar rules and rights were previously in place for ESPN-televised Major League Baseball playoff games, except non-sold out games were not blacked out (MLB does not black out games based on attendance, but rather to protect local broadcasters). ABC O&O's also have right of first refusal for NFL (and previously MLB playoff) simulcasts from ESPN.

ESPN has since been criticized for decreasing the amount of sports on ABC. Even several ABC affiliates have voiced opposition regarding the increasing migration of live sporting events from ABC to ESPN.^[4] An example is the broadcasting of NASCAR. From 2007-2009, ABC showed all of the Chase for the NASCAR Sprint Cup races, along with 1 other race. Since 2010, ABC only shows 3 races Sprint Cup races with only 1 Chase race (Charlotte) to the outrage of many NASCAR fans and sponsors. Several other events such as college football's Rose Bowl Game, golf's British Open, and the Capital One Bowl have also been moved from ABC to ESPN.

Taglines[link]

Until 2001, ABC Sports programs ended with the line "This has been a presentation of ABC Sports - Recognized around the world as the leader in sports television." Beginning in 2001, ABC changed the tagline to "ABC Sports - Championship Television," in regards to ABC's sports lineup (which included the BCS championship, the MLS Cup final, the Stanley Cup Finals, rights to Super Bowl coverage, and would later include the NBA Finals). Ever since the ESPN on ABC integration, the ESPN tagline - "This has been a presentation of ESPN - The Worldwide Leader in Sports" - has been used at the end of each broadcast on ABC.

Programs throughout the years[link]

Current programs[link]

• NBA on ABC (1965–1973, 2002–present)
  • NBA Sunday Showcase
  • NBA Christmas Special
  • NBA Playoffs
  • NBA Finals
  • WNBA on ESPN (2003–present)
• College Football on ABC (1950, 1966–present)
  • First pick of ACC, Big East, Big Ten, Big 12 & Pac-12 matchups
  • Saturday Night Football (2006–present)
  • Outback Bowl (2011–present)
  • Autozone Liberty Bowl (2011–present)
• IndyCar Series (1996–present)
  • Indianapolis 500 (1965–present)
  • Honda Grand Prix of St. Petersburg, Chevrolet Detroit Belle Isle Grand Prix, Milwaukee IndyFest, Honda Indy Toronto, & Honda Indy 200 at Mid-Ohio
• NASCAR on ESPN (1961, 1971, 1975–1976, 1979–1982, 1984–2000, 2007–present)
  • Sprint Cup Series (Irwin Tools Night Race, Federated Auto Parts 400, & Bank of America 500)
  • Nationwide Series (Aaron's 312, History 300, Alliance Truck Parts 250, & Zippo 200 at the Glen)
• American Le Mans Series (2011–present)
  • Mobil 1 12 Hours of Sebring, Mid-Ohio Sports Car Challenge, Baltimore Grand Prix, & Petit Le Mans
• College Basketball on ABC (1962, 1973, 1978, & 1987–present)
  • SEC Men's Basketball Tournament (2010–present)
• Little League World Series (1963–present)
• FIFA World Cup (1970, 1982, 1994, 1998, 2002, 2006, 2010, 2014)
• ESPN Sports Saturday (2010–present)
• BNP Paribas Open (2011–present)
• X Games (1997–present)

Former programs[link]

• Monday Night Football (1970–2005)
  • Super Bowls XIX, XXII, XXV, XXIX, XXXIV, XXXVII, and XL
  • Wildcard Saturday NFL playoff games (1990–2005)
  • Thursday Night NFL Kickoff game (2003–2005)
  • Pro Bowl (1975–1987, 1995–2003)
• Major League Baseball on ABC
  • ABC Game of the Week (1953–1954, 1960–1965)
  • Monday Night Baseball (1976–1988, telecasts moved to Thursday for 1989)
  • Baseball Night in America (1994–1995)
  • 1948, 1949, 1950, 1977, 1979, 1981, 1983, 1985, 1987, 1989, and 1995 World Series (Games 1, 4, & 5)
• College Football on ABC
  • Sugar Bowl (1954–1958, 1971–2006)
  • Rose Bowl (1989–2010)
  • Orange Bowl (1962–1964, 1999–2006)
  • Fiesta Bowl (1999–2006)
  • Capital One Bowl (1987–2010)
  • Gator Bowl (1977–1985)
  • Aloha Bowl (1988–2000)
  • Army–Navy Game (1992–1995)
• PGA Tour on ABC
  • PGA Championship (1966–1990)
  • U.S. Open (1966–1994)
  • The Open Championship (1966–2009)
  • Senior British Open Championship (?–2009)
  • Women's British Open (?–2009)
  • Ryder Cup (?–1989)
  • LPGA Kraft Nabisco Championship (1991–2005)
  • Monday Night Golf (1999–2005)
• Winter Olympic Games (1964, 1968, 1976, 1980, 1984, 1988)
• Summer Olympic Games (1968, 1972, 1976, 1984)
• Wide World of Sports (1961–1998 as a series, weekend afternoon programming title 1998–2006)
• Thoroughbred Racing on ESPN
  • Kentucky Derby (1975–2000)
  • Preakness Stakes (1977–2000)
  • Belmont Stakes (1986–2000, 2006–2010)
  • Breeders' Cup (2008–2011)
• American Football League (1960–1964)
• NHL on ABC (1992–1994, 1999–2004)
• Champ Car (1983–2001, 2007)
• Formula One (2001–2002)
• Pro Bowlers Tour (1962–1997)
• North American Soccer League (1979–1981)
• Major League Soccer (1996–2008)
• Arena Football League (1998–2002, 2007–2008)
• World League of American Football (1991–1992)
• United States Football League (1983-1985)
• Scripps National Spelling Bee (2006–2010)

Additional programming[link]

• ABC also airs The Open Championship Today, a condensed version of ESPN's Saturday and Sunday coverage of the British Open, as well as one-hour versions of the final rounds of the Senior and Women's British Opens.
• Beginning in 2012, ABC will also rebroadcast ESPN's coverage of the Gentlemen's and Ladies' singles finals from Wimbledon.

Notable personalities[link]

Presidents[link]

ABC Sports[link]

• Roone Arledge: 1968–1986
• Dennis Swanson: 1986–1996^[5]
• Steve Bornstein: 1996–1999^[6]
• Howard Katz: 1999–2003^[7]

ESPN[link]

• George Bodenheimer: 2003–2012
• John Skipper: 2012–Present

Main competitors[link]

• NBC Sports
• Fox Sports
• CBS Sports

References[link]

External links[link]

• ESPN on ABC Website
• Saunders: ABC's demise signals end of an era
• What to Watch: Rest in peace, ABC Sports
• The Evolution of ABC

This biographical article needs additional citations for verification. Please help by adding reliable sources. Contentious material about living persons that is unsourced or poorly sourced must be removed immediately, especially if potentially libelous or harmful. (April 2010)

Edward Woodley "Edd" Kalehoff (born 1946) is a music composer who specializes in compositions for television.

Notable pieces[link]

Composer of about 1,000 pieces, mainly for television, his credits include the majority of music cues used on The Price is Right (although the 1972 theme is officially attributed to Sheila Cole) and the Nickelodeon game show Double Dare; a music package for ABC Sports that updated and expanded the Monday Night Football theme; music for WNBC-TV's famous 1992 promotional campaign "We're 4 New York"; and many television news music and station image packages used on stations such as WEWS-TV in Cleveland, and WNYW-TV, WCBS-TV and WNBC-TV in New York City. The NBC Stations package composed in 1995 for WNBC was used by the station until 2003. Due to its long run as the music package for NewsChannel 4 it is widely known in the Tri-State Region.^[1]

Longtime associations[link]

He has long been associated with Score Productions and Mark Goodson Productions and is a favorite composer.

Currently Kalehoff is the chosen composer for ABC News and is a member of BMI who calls him a "legend" along the lines of Mike Post.

As a keyboard player and record producer[link]

Kalehoff is a noted keyboard player, being a featured performer in the documentary film Moog and keyboardist for several albums by The Roches. He was prominently featured in a 1973 television commercial for Schaefer Beer as "Edd Kalehoff at the MOOG synthesizer" playing his rendition of the company's jingle.

As a record producer he produced several albums including ones for The Roches and Andrea McArdle.

Personal[link]

He was married to Broadway actress and singer Andrea McArdle, and their daughter Alexis has appeared in many Broadway productions. The couple divorced in August, 2011. He has two sons, Max and Rex, from his first marriage.

It was speculated on a 2003 episode of The Howard Stern Show that Kalehoff receives an estimated $250,000 per year from his compositions still used on The Price is Right.

Selected filmography[link]

• News 4 New York
• NewsChannel 4
• WCBS CBS 2 News (WCBS Grand A.K.A. "Grandeur")
• Monday Night Football
• World News Tonight
• Wide World of Sports (Now a showcase cue on The Price is Right)
• Nightly Business Report
• Numerous cues for The Price is Right (including the 1994 syndicated theme)
• Concentration (1973)
• Tattletales (1974)
• Double Dare/Card Sharks (Same piece used on two shows. A different Kalehoff composition was used for the 1986-1989 version of Card Sharks).
• Child's Play
• Match Game-Hollywood Squares Hour (currently used as a prize cue on The Price is Right)
• Family Feud (1994, 3 cues of which are used as showcase prize cues on The Price is Right (1972 and 1994 versions))
• Trivia Trap
• Nick Rocks
• Double Dare (Nickelodeon version)
• Finders Keepers
• Think Fast!
• Make the Grade
• History IQ
• other projects for Mark Goodson Productions

Source: http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0435664/

News music packages composed by Edd Kalehoff[link]

• Eyewitness Primetime
• Good Day
• Grandeur (now used as a Showcase cue on The Price is Right)
• Groove News
• Industrial Strength
• NBC Stations
• Nightcast
• Straight Talk
• Today's 4
• We're 4 New York
• WEWS-Live on 5
• WJBK-Evening News

References[link]

1. ^ http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0435664/

External links[link]

• Kalehoff Productions-official site
• Edd Kalehoff at the Internet Movie Database
• Edd's music from The Price is Right
• Edd Kalehoff's audio demos on Television Production Music Museum
• Edd Kalehoff at the MOOG Synthesizer commercial for Schaefer Beer