Abhogi (Sanskrit: आभोगी, Kannada: ಆಭೋಗಿ, Telugu: ఆభోగి, Tamil: ஆபோகி) is a raga in Carnatic music and has been adapted to Hindustani music.^[1] It is a pentatonic scale, an audava or owdava raga. It is a derived scale (janya raga), as it does not have all the seven swaras (musical notes). Ābhōgi has been borrowed from Carnatic music into Hindustani music and is also quite popular in the latter.^[2][3]

Structure and Lakshana[link]

Ābhōgi scale with shadjam at C

Ābhōgi is a symmetric pentatonic scale that does not contain panchamam and nishadam. It is called an audava-audava raga,^[2][3] in Carnatic classification, as it has 5 notes in both ascending and descending scales. Its ārohaṇa-avarohaṇa structure is as follows (see swaras in Carnatic music for details on below notation and terms):

• ārohaṇa: S R2 G2 M1 D2 S
• avarohaṇa: S D2 M1 G2 R2 S

The notes used are shadjam, chathusruti rishabham, sadharana gandharam, shuddha madhyamam and chathusruthi dhaivatham. Ābhōgi is considered a janya raga of Kharaharapriya, the 22nd Melakarta raga, though it can be derived from Gourimanohari too, by dropping both panchamam and nishadam.

Popular compositions[link]

Abhogi is a scale that is used for compositions in a medium to fast tempo. This scale has been used by many composers and there are lots of compositions in classical music. It has been used to score film music too. Here are some popular compositions in Abhogi.

• Evvari bodhana, a popular varnam by Patnam Subramania Iyer
• Sri Lakshmi varaham by Muthuswami Dikshitar
• Manasu nilpa by Thyagaraja
• Sabapatikku veru deivam by Gopalakrishna Bharathi
• Nekkurugi unnai by Papanasam Sivan
• Sri mahaganapathe by N S Ramachandran
• Manujudai putti by Annamacharya

Related ragas[link]

This section covers the theoretical and scientific aspect of this raga.

[edit] Graha bhedam

Ābhōgi's notes when shifted using Graha bhedam, yields another pentatonic rāgam Valaji. Graha bhedam is the step taken in keeping the relative note frequencies same, while shifting the shadjam to the next note in the rāgam. For more details and illustration of this concept refer Graha bhedam on Ābhōgi.

P.Moutal understands raag Kalavati as transposition of Abhogi.^[4]

Scale similarities[link]

• Sriranjani is a rāgam which has kaisiki nishadam in both ascending and descending scales in addition to the notes in Ābhōgi. Its ārohaṇa-avarohaṇa structure is S R2 G2 M1 D2 N2 S : S N2 D2 M1 G2 R2 S
• Shuddha Saveri is a rāgam which has the panchamam in place of the gandharam. Its ārohaṇa-avarohaṇa structure is S R2 M1 P D2 S : S D2 P M1 R2 S

Abhogi is a raga that is popular in Carnatic music as well as Hindustani music. Its root is in the 22nd basic scale (Kharaharapriya raga) of the 72 melakartha of Carnatic music. It is nevertheless a fairly recent raga.

List of compositions in Abhogi[link]

There are also some Tamil movie songs based on the raga of abhogi. Songs in abhogi raga gives extreme pleasure to ears. Two Tamil songs are cited below for the reference.

1. Indraiku en inta aanandame—film: vaidhegi kaathiruntal—music by ilayaraja.
2. Kaalai nera poonguil—film: Amman kovil kizhakale—music by ilayaraj sung by Dr.SPB

In Hindustani music[link]

Writing about the musical theory of Indian classical music is fraught with complications. First of all, there have been no set, formal methods of written notation. Indian music is an aural tradition, and therefore writing is not an essential part of attaining talim(knowledge).

Arohana & Avarohana[link]

This represents the scale of the raga.

Arohana (order of ascending notes in the scale): S R G M D s

Avarohana (order of descending notes in the scale): s D M G R S

Vadi & Samavadi[link]

Vadi: Sa

Samavadi: Ma

Jeeva Swaras[link]

G and D

Pakad or Chalan[link]

GMDS SDRSDMD_ D_SRGRS D_RSDM GMMDDSDRSD_M GMD_MGGRR_ GRSd Rd_S

Organization & Relationships[link]

Pa and Ni are omitted. Also Re is often omitted in ascent. Flat Ga is often approached from Ma in ascent and has a slight oscillation to show the typical Kanada. In descent often the typical Kanada phrase gMRS is used.

Related ragas: Bageshree. However, Bageshree also includes flat Ni and a limited use of Pa, which gives a different flavour.^[5]

Thaat: Kafi.

Samay (Time)[link]

Night, approximately 9PM-12AM.

Important Recordings[link]

• Amir Khan, Ragas Bilaskhani Todi and Abhogi, HMV/AIR LP (long-playing record), EMI-ECLP2765

References[link]

Literature[link]

Bor, Joep (ed). Rao, Suvarnalata; der Meer, Wim van; Harvey, Jane (co-authors) The Raga Guide: A Survey of 74 Hindustani Ragas. Zenith Media, London: 1999.

Moutal, Patrick (1991), Hindustāni Rāga-s Index, New Dehli: Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers Pvt Ltd, ISBN [[Special:BookSources/81-215-0525-7|81-215-0525-7]] 

External links[link]

• SRA on Samay and Ragas
• SRA on Ragas and Thaats
• Rajan Parrikar on Ragas
• Essay on Muthuswami Dikshitar's "Sri Lakshmi Varaham" in the raga Abhogi

Pandit Ajoy Chakrabarty (Bengali: অজয় চক্রবর্তী; born 1953) is an Indian Hindustani classical vocalist.^[1] He belongs to the Patiala gharana.^[2]

Early life[link]

Chakrabarty was born in Kolkata, Bengal to Ajit Chakrabarty in a Hindu Brahmin family. They moved to India from his homeland, Bangladesh during the partition and raised his two sons in Shyamnagar. His younger brother, Sanjay Chakrabarty is a noted composer and music therapist.

Chakrabarty was a disciple of Ustad Munawar Ali Khan.^[3] He is also a first class graduate from the Rabindra Bharati University.

Singing career[link]

Chakrabarty showed extraordinary promise in vocal music and at the age of three, began taking lessons from his father Ajit Chakrabarty. He then learnt from Pannalal Samanta and Kanai Das Bairagi and later became a student of Padma Bhushan Pandit Jnan Prakash Ghosh. In 1969, his training took a decisive turn as he became a disciple of Ustad Munawar Ali Khan, son of the legendary maestro of the Patiala-Kasur gharana (school), Ustad Bade Ghulam Ali Khan. He is notable for imagination and sensitivity to lyrics, coupled with his uncanny sense of rhythm.

Personal life[link]

Ajoy Chakrabarty is married and his daughter, Kaushiki Chakrabarty is also an upcoming talent of Hindusthani classical music.

Awards[link]

• National Award - 1989
• Kumar Gandharva Award - 1993
• Sangeet Natak Akademi award - 2000
• Padmashree - 2011
• Alva's Virasat Award - 2012^[4]

References[link]

External links[link]

• Ajoy Chakrabarty Official Website
• Ajoy Chakraborty In Asavari
• Biography
• Ajoy Chakraborty: Live on BBC
• Ajoy Chakrabarty Biography and discussion forum

This article about an Indian singer is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. v t e

Jayanthi Kumaresh is a noted Veena player from Tamil Nadu, India.^[1][2]

References[link]

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Charulatha Mani is a popular young Carnatic singer. Charulatha has been performing Carnatic concerts for more than 10 years. She has also sung for movies. Charulatha has appeared in numerous TV shows and radio programmes, in India, and overseas. She has recorded many, CD and DVD albums. Her Isai Payanam TV show, aired on Jaya TV,^[1] deals with Ragas in Carnatic and film music and has completed more than 80 episodes.

Profile[link]

Charulatha Mani started her training in Carnatic Music under her mother Hemalatha Mani, veena artiste and student of the renowned Chitti Babu. Charulatha later trained under Sandhyavandanam Poorna Pragna Rao (son of Sandhyavandanam Srinivasa Rao), Calcutta K. S. Krishnamurthy, Flute Venkatrama Iyer and V. Subrahmanyam. Her sister Sri Madhumitha is also a singer.

Charulatha obtained a B.E. degree in Mechanical Engineering from Anna University, Chennai, before becoming a full-time music professional. Charulatha holds a Masters degree in Music from the University of Madras.

Carnatic Music[link]

Charulatha Mani has performed in all major sabhas in Chennai and all over India.^[2][3] She has toured London, Canada,^[4] Australia, Singapore, the United States, Sri Lanka, and Europe.

She has been awarded the 'Woman Achievers Award' (2009),^[5] M.S. Subbulakshmi Endowment Award from Narada Gana Sabha (2008),^[6] Yuva Kala Bharathi from Bharat Kalachar in 2005, and Best Young Vocalist awards from Narada Gana Sabha (2003), Sri Parthasarathy Swami Sabha (2003), SAFE (2002), and Ragam Tanam Pallavi Award from Sri Krishna Gana Sabha (2002). Charulatha is the recipient of Scholarships from the Government of India and the Government of Tamil Nadu for performing and advanced learning of music.

Charulatha's music is frequently featured in radio broadcasts and television appearances.^[7] She is currently presenting Isai Payanam on Jaya TV,^[8] which presents ragas in Carnatic and Film music.^[9][10]

Playback Singing[link]

Charulatha also pursues a career in Playback singing for films.^[11][12] Charulatha's film credits include Velayutham, Oru Koodai Mutham, Veluthu Kattu, Vettaikkaaran,^[13] Aaravadhu vanam, Naan Avanillai, Budhivanta, Thanthiran, Kaadalan Kaadali and Nandha.

Discography[link]

• 2011 - Velayutham, Music Director: Vijay Antony, produced by Aascar Films
• 2011 - Ayutha Porattam, Music Director: Vijay Antony, produced by Jai Balaji Movie Makers
• 2011 - Pasakara Nanbargal, Music Director: Dhina, produced by G.M Balaji
• 2011 - Suttum Vizhi Sudare, Music Director: Aravind Sriram, produced by Hemalatha T., New Music
• 2010 - Oru Koodai Mutham, Music Director: Shanthan, produced by Nalla Charan Reddy, Junglee Music
• 2010 - Veluthu Kattu, Music Director: Bharani, produced by S.A. Chandrasekaran
• 2010 - Sankirtanam - Popular Telugu Kritis (Audio CD), Rhythm Audio
• 2010 - Isai Payanam - Live in UK (MP3 CD), Rhythm Audio
• 2009 - Vettaikkaaran, Music Director: Vijay Antony, produced by Sun Pictures
• 2009 - Aaravadhu Vanam, Music Director: Haribabu, produced by Mpg Films International
• 2009 - Kaadalan Kaadali, Music Director: Nandhan Raj, produced by Jai Balaji Moviemakers
• 2009 - Thanthiran, Music Director: V.Thasi, produced by Vijayalakshmi Ramamoorthi
• 2008 - Budhivanta, Music Director: Vijay Antony, produced by SV Rajendra Singh Babu
• 2008 - Manodharma (Audio CD), Saregama
• 2008 - Mooladhara Murthy - Tamil Kritis (DVD), Moser Baer
• 2007 - Naan Avanillai, Music Director: Vijay Antony, produced by Japak Package Ltd.
• 2007-2009 - Isai Payanam - A Musical Journey with Charulatha Mani (DVD, Volumes 1-10), Giri Trading Agency^[14]
• 2006 - Hiranmayim - Songs on Devi (Audio CD), Kosmic Music
• 2005 - Ganadarshini (VCD), Carnatica
• 2005 - Madrasil Margazhi (Audio CD), Rajalakshmi Audio
• 2004 - Nostalgia - Golden Classics of Yesteryears (VCD), Maximum Media
• 2004 - Melakartha Ragas - Listen & Learn (Audio CD), Giri Trading Agency
• 2004 - Bho Shambho - Songs on Lord Shiva (Audio CD), Giri Trading Agency
• 2003 - Thirupaavai - Star dot Star
• 2003 - Mangalyam - Marriage Songs (Audio CD), Giri Trading Agency
• 2002 - Krishnam Vande Jagatgurum - Songs on Lord Krishna (Audio CD), Giri Trading Agency^[15]
• 2001 - Nandha, Music Director: Yuvan Shankar Raja, produced by Aparajeeth Films

References[link]

External links[link]

• Charulatha Mani's website
• Charulatha Mani's blog

Jayateerth Mevundi (born 1972) is a Hindustani classical vocalist of the Kirana Gharana. He is widely recognized as one of the leading performers in this gharana.^[1]

Early life[link]

Jayateerth Mevundi hails from Hubli in North Karnataka.

Career[link]

His music is marked by impeccable taankari, delivered with effortless ease in the style of Bhimsen Joshi. He took to music at a very tender age under the guidance of his mother. He started his formal training in classical music from Sangeet Ratna Pt. Arjunsa Nakod and presently he is undergoing training from Pt. Shripati Padegar, a disciple of Pt Bhimsen Joshi. Formerly associated with All India Radio, Goa and All India Radio Bangalore, he currently works for All India Radio, Mangalore.

He has travelled extensively to perform, within India and outside. He has been invited to perform at prestigious venues like the Sawai Gandharva Festival held in Pune every year.

Scholarships and awards[link]

• A scholarship for three years(1986-88)by Karnataka Sangeet Nritya Academy, Bangalore
• Second prize in AIR Hindustani Classical vocal competition during 1988-89 at Ahmedabad
• First prize in the competition organized by ITC Sangeet Research Academy, Calcutta
• Mrs. Yamunabai Shahane Shastreeya Gayana Shishyavrutti by Gaanavardhan in 1993, Pune
• Pt. Jasraj Gourav Puraskar in 1995
• Mewati Gharana Sangeet Gourav Puraskar in 2000
• Shanmukhananda Sangeet Shiromani Award in 2005, Mumbai

Jayateerth Mevundi was also awarded the "Young Maestro" award which was personally handed to him by President Abdul Kalam at the second year inauguration of the Indian Music Academy organized by Pt. Jasraj on 9 April 2007 in Delhi^{[citation needed]}

Discography[link]

Hindustani classical[link]

• Bilaskhani Todi, Abhogi Kanada & Basant, Alurkar Music House 2000
• Yaman & Marwa, Alurkar Music House 2000
• Lalit, Gunakali & Shudh Sarang, Alurkar Music House 2000
• Darbari Kanada with an additional track 'Jamuna Ke Teer' in Bhairavi, Dreams Entertainment, 2010

[edit] Kannada devotional

• Ranga Baro Panduranga Baro - Dasara Padgalu, Ganasampada Live Cassettes
• Naarayana Te Namo Namo, Ganasampada Live Cassettes 2007

Kannada film songs[link]

• Song Mysore Desh from the movie Kallarali Hoovagi, Akash Audio 2006

References[link]

1. ^ Velcheti Subrahmanyam. "Cascade of musical charms". The Hindu. http://www.thehindu.com/arts/music/article2896228.ece. Retrieved 18 February 2012. 

External links[link]

• Short biography
• Home Page

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