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The Advanced Common Application Platform (ACAP) is intended to provide television consumers with advanced interactive services and offer content providers, broadcasters, cable and satellite operators, and consumer electronics manufacturers the technical details necessary to develop interoperable services and products.

The role of ACAP[link]

In essence, ACAP makes it appear to interactive programming content that it is running on a so-called "common receiver." This common receiver contains a well-defined architecture, execution model, syntax and semantics.

As a middleware specification for interactive applications, ACAP gives content and application authors assurance that their programs and data will be received and run uniformly on all brands and models of receivers.

Trial implementations have already been done in South Korea by a consortium of organizations. In addition, an extensive ACAP demonstration was held at NAB2004.

An ACAP application is a collection of information processed by an application environment to interact with an end-user or otherwise alter the stateof- the-application environment. ACAP applications are classified into two categories, depending on whether the initial application content processed is of a procedural or a declarative nature.

These categories of applications are referred to as procedural (ACAP-J) and declarative (ACAP-X), respectively. An example of an ACAP-J application is a Java TV Xlet composed of compiled Java byte codes in conjunction with other multimedia content such as graphics, video and audio. An example of an ACAP-X application is a multimedia document composed of XHTML markup, style rules, scripts and embedded graphics, video and audio.

An ACAP application need not be purely procedural or declarative. In particular, an ACAP-J application may reference declarative content, such as graphics, or may construct and cause the presentation of markup content.

Similarly, ACAP-X applications may use script content, which is procedural in nature. Furthermore, an ACAP-X application may reference an embedded Java TV Xlet.

The architecture and facilities of ACAP are intended to apply to broadcast systems and receivers for terrestrial broadcast and cable TV systems.

In addition, the same architecture and facilities may be applied to other transport systems, such as satellite. ACAP is primarily based on the GEM (Globally Executable Multimedia) home platform specification developed by the DVB consortium and DASE, developed by the ATSC.

See also[link]

• Advanced Television Systems Committee

External links[link]

• ATSC Standard A/101

This article does not cite any references or sources. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (August 2010)

A computing platform includes a hardware architecture and a software framework (including application frameworks), where the combination allows software, particularly application software, to run. Typical platforms include a computer's architecture, operating system, programming languages and related user interface (run-time system libraries or graphical user interface).

A platform is a crucial element in software development. A platform might be simply defined as a place to launch software. The platform provider offers the software developer an undertaking that logic code will run consistently as long as the platform is running on top of other platforms. Logic code includes bytecode, source code, and machine code. It actually means execution of the program is not restricted by the type of operating system provided. It has mostly replaced the machine-independent languages.^{[which?][citation needed]}

Some software platforms emulate entire hardware platforms - as in systems virtualization.

Operating-system examples[link]

• AmigaOS, AmigaOS 4
• FreeBSD, NetBSD, OpenBSD
• Linux
• Mac OS X
• Microsoft Windows
• OS/2
• Solaris
• Unix
• IBM VM/370, VM/BSEP, VM/SEP, VM/XA, VM/ESA, z/VM
• Google Chrome OS

Mobile[link]

Android, a popular mobile operating system

• Android
• Bada
• BlackBerry OS
• iOS
• Embedded Linux
• Palm OS
• Symbian
• WebOS
• Windows Mobile
• Windows Phone

Software framework examples[link]

• Adobe AIR
• Java, JDK and JRE
• Mono
• Mozilla Prism XUL and XULRunner
• .NET Framework
• Oracle Database
• Vexi

Mobile[link]

• APOXI
• Binary Runtime Environment for Wireless (BREW)
• Java Platform, Micro Edition (Java ME)
• JavaFX Mobile
• Qt
• Smartface Platform

Consoles[link]

Playstation 3 Xbox 360 Wii Nintendo 3DS Playstation Portable Playstation Vita^[1] Etc...

.NET[link]

The umbrella-term .NET applies to a wide set of products and technologies from Microsoft. Most have in common a dependence on the Microsoft .NET Framework, and the Common Language Infrastructure (CLI).

Java[link]

The Java platform runs programs written in the Java language. Java source code is "compiled" to an intermediate-language bytecode which is then interpreted by an interpreter, the Java Virtual Machine (JVM), which then interfaces that program with the Java software libraries. In smartphones, personal digital assistants (PDAs) and other wireless mobile devices, these libraries are the Java ME. Some phones, even without a full operating system, enable Java programs such as games to operate. Java and the bytecode are said to be platform-independent. But this is because Java is the platform as well as a programming language. Software really cannot operate without a platform or be platform independent. The programming language is referred to here, meaning the programmer need not be concerned about the hardware or operating system platform, nor will the language change with a different platform.

SAP NetWeaver[link]

SAP NetWeaver is SAP's integrated technology computing platform and is the technical foundation for many SAP applications since the SAP Business Suite. SAP NetWeaver is marketed as a service-oriented application and integration platform. SAP NetWeaver provides the development and runtime environment for SAP applications and can be used for custom development and integration with other applications and systems. SAP NetWeaver is built using primarily the ABAP programming language, but also uses C (programming language), C++, and Java EE. It also employs open standards and industry de facto standards and can be extended with, and interoperate with, technologies such as Microsoft .NET, Java EE, and IBM WebSphere.

Hardware examples[link]

Ordered roughly, from more common types to less common types:

• Commodity computing platforms
  • Wintel, that is, Intel x86 or compatible personal computer hardware with Windows operating system
  • ARM architecture used in mobile devices
    • Gumstix full function miniature computers with Linux
  • x86 with Unix-like systems such as BSD variants
  • CP/M computers based on the S-100 bus, maybe the earliest microcomputer platform
• Video game consoles, any variety
• Macintosh, custom Apple Computer hardware and Mac OS operating system, now migrated to x86
  • Newton devices running the Newton OS, also from Apple
• RISC processor based machines running Unix variants
  • SPARC architecture computers running Solaris operating systems
  • DEC Alpha cluster running OpenVMS
• Midrange computers with their custom operating systems, such as IBM OS/400
• Mainframe computers with their custom operating systems, such as IBM z/OS
• Supercomputer architectures

References[link]

See also[link]

• Application programming interface
• Compatibility layer
• Just-in-time compilation
• Platform technology

Fredricka Whitfield is a news room reporter for CNN. She anchors the weekend versions of CNN Newsroom and sometimes substitutes for anchors during weekdays. She is the daughter of Olympian Mal Whitfield.^[1]

Education[link]

Whitfield attended Paint Branch High School in Burtonsville, Maryland, graduating in 1983. Ms. Whitfield earned a Bachelor’s Degree in Journalism from Howard University’s School of Communications in 1987. While attending Howard she served as a news anchor for campus radio station WHBC.

Early career[link]

Prior to joining CNN, Whitfield was a correspondent for NBC News and served as an Atlanta-based correspondent for NBC Nightly News from 1995 to 2001. She worked for other news programs at NBC including The Today Show; she was a morning and afternoon anchor as well as an assignment reporter.

Before joining NBC, Whitfield worked at WPLG-TV in Miami, News Channel 8 in Washington, D.C., KTVT-TV in Dallas, WTNH in New Haven, Connecticut, and WCIV in Charleston, South Carolina.

Career at CNN[link]

Since joining CNN in 2002, Whitfield has reported many major stories. She was the first anchor to break the news of the death of Ronald Reagan. She has reported the devastating Asian tsunami which occurred in December 2004. Whitfield also reported from the Persian Gulf region during Operation Iraqi Freedom.

Personal[link]

Whitfield was born May 1965. She is married to John Glenn who was formerly a photo editor at the Atlanta Journal-Constitution. She gave birth to a son in January 2005.

References[link]

External links[link]

• CNN Programs - Anchors/Reporters - Fredricka Whitfield
• Howard University Celebrates 141st Anniversary

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