Caddy David Brooker walks with golfers Yani Tseng and Suzann Pettersen at the 2009 Women's British Open

In golf, a caddy (or caddie) is the person who carries a player's bag and clubs, and gives insightful advice and moral support. A good caddy is aware of the challenges and obstacles of the golf course being played, along with the best strategy in playing it. This includes knowing overall yardage, pin placements and club selection. A caddy is not usually an employee of a private club or resort. He is classified as an "independent contractor," meaning that he is basically self employed and does not receive any benefits from his association with the club. Some clubs and resorts do have caddy programs, although benefits are rarely offered. Particularly in Europe, the vast majority of clubs do not offer caddies, and amateur players will commonly carry their own bags.

Etymology[link]

The word caddie comes from the gascon Occitan capdèth or capdet, meaning chief then younger boy (become cadet in French and refers to the Cadets de Gascogne, the captains serving in the French army in the 15th century were the youngest sons of the aristocratic families of Gascony). The term caddie or cadie first appeared in the English language in the year 1634.^[1]

Types of caddying[link]

This unreferenced section requires citations to ensure verifiability.

Traditional caddying involves both the golfer and the caddie walking the course. The caddy is in charge of carrying the player’s bag, with the caddie out in front of the player. This is the most common method used in golf clubs and is the only method allowed in the PGA (Professional Golf Association) and LPGA (Ladies Professional Golf Association).

Fore-Caddying entails the caddie walking while the players ride in carts. The fore-caddy will give a hole description and then walk ahead to spot the players tee shots. The caddie then gets the players yardage (either with a laser, course knowledge, or sprinkler heads) while the players drive their carts from the tee to their shots. The caddy walks ahead again to spot the golfers next shots. This process is continued until the players reach the green. Once on the green the caddie will read greens (if asked per proper golf etiquette), clean golf balls (if asked), fix ball marks, and attend the flag if asked. The caddie is also responsible for raking traps on the course. Caddies will help with club selection, reading greens, weather variables, and marking balls on the green but should only do so if asked to by the player. More than anything else, the caddy is there to make the player's round enjoyable by taking care of menial tasks, speeding up play, and providing mental support if asked.

Caddy ranks[link]

This unreferenced section requires citations to ensure verifiability.

Many clubs use a ranking system. Caddies will start as a trainee, and be promoted through the ranks of Intermediate, Captain, Honor, and finally Championship. Many courses start their caddies off at the B level, and after a year move them to A, and on their fourth year (if they have earned it), they will receive the title of Honor caddy. The intermediate and captain ranks can usually be obtained within the first year of caddying, and the honor rank is usually obtained in the second or third year of caddying. Championship takes at least 6 years and often as many as 10 years to obtain. An alternative ranking system often used in the American Mid-West proceeds as B level, A level, AA level, Honor level, and Evans Scholar. Caddies often obtain a promotion in rank once a year, while often Honor takes two years to achieve and Evans Scholars are only produced by winning the venerable Evans Scholarship for university.

Weekly schedule[link]

This unreferenced section requires citations to ensure verifiability.

Caddies are most frequently employed at clubs on weekends, when the majority of country club golf takes place. Some (but usually not as many) opportunities to caddy exist during the week, as well. Additionally, caddies are often allowed to play the course at which they caddy for free, usually on a Monday (the day that most private clubs choose to close their course for maintenance). On pro golf tours, professional caddies accompany their player to all events, which usually take place from Thursday through Sunday. Additionally, the player may hire their caddy to carry their bag for them during training sessions and practice rounds.

Pay scale[link]

This unreferenced section requires citations to ensure verifiability.

At most clubs, caddies are paid at the end of the round by cash, or receive a payment ticket for which they can redeem their wages in the clubhouse. Generally, the player will tip the caddy based on their performance during the round, with extra money given for exemplary work. Most American club caddies earn between $35 and $100 per bag, though newer caddies will often earn less than more experienced caddies or caddies working during a tournament, high-stakes match, or 4-Day member-guest will often earn significantly more, upwards of $100 per round, per bag, at times. It is considered acceptable to ask a professional at the course what the average pay for a caddie is, as courses differ.

In a professional golf tour setting, a player often pays their caddy a percentage of their winnings, which can be as high as 10%. A common pay scale is 5% for making the cut, 7% for a top 10, and 10% for a win. The caddy also usually receives a salary, as the player is not guaranteed to win money at every tournament.

Typical attire and equipment[link]

This unreferenced section requires citations to ensure verifiability.

• Collared shirt
• Khaki shorts or pants
• Gym shoes or golf shoes
• Smock
• Towel, partly wet to clean the clubs and the ball
• Hat
• Ballmark repair tool
• pencil, scorecard, and pin sheet
• Yardage book
• Yardage laser

Notes and references[link]

External links[link]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: caddies

Look up caddy or caddie in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

• Caddies making a comeback (Seattle Times)
• "Notes from the Caddieshack" - a McSweeney's Internet Tendency column about being a caddie in the Chicago suburbs.

Slim Thug
Slim Thug at the KDHT studio in 2005.
Background information
Birth name	Stayve Jerome Thomas
Born	(1980-09-08) September 8, 1980 (age 31) Houston, Texas
Genres	Hip hop Gangsta rap
Years active	1998–present
Labels	Swishahouse, Boss Hogg Outlawz, Interscope, E1
Associated acts	Boss Hogg Outlawz, Bun B, Chalie Boy, Chamillionaire, Z-Ro, Mike Jones, T.I.
Website	www.bosshoggoutlawz.com

Stayve Jerome Thomas (born September 8, 1980),^[1] better known as Slim Thug, Boss Hogg or Thug Boss, is an American rapper. He gained mainstream attention for his contribution to the popular single from rapper Mike Jones, "Still Tippin'".

Early life[link]

Slim Thug grew up in Houston's Northside neighborhood of Homestead/Scenic Woods. Slim says that his rap name come from the fact that as a teenager, he was very tall and skinny before he filled out.^{[citation needed]} He stands 6'6" tall. The Thug part comes from people's assumptions of him due to his fresh braids and sunglasses.^{[citation needed]} At age 17, he performed freestyle raps at local high school parties. He began his rap career with Swishahouse in the late 1990s. After realizing how much money he could make distributing his own mixtapes, he parted ways with Swishahouse on good terms and formed his own independent label, Boss Hogg Outlawz.^[2] Thomas bought two record stores and worked in real estate.^[1]

Music career[link]

Already Platinum (2005–2008)[link]

Slim Thug's debut album with Star Trak Entertainment & Interscope Records, Already Platinum, was released in July 2005 after many delays.^[1] It premiered on #2 on the Billboard 200 albums chart and sold 130,000 copies in its first week.^[3] Singles included "3 Kings" (featuring T.I. and Bun B), and "I Ain't Heard of That" (featuring Pharrell and Bun B). Slim Thug appeared on Still Tippin' with Mike Jones and Paul Wall, Beyoncé Knowles's #1 single "Check on It" and Gwen Stefani's "Luxurious". With the Boss Hogg Outlawz, Slim Thug released three albums, Boyz N Blue (2004), Serve & Collect (2007) and Back by Blockular Demand: Serve & Collect II (2008). He left Star Trak & Interscope Records in 2008.^[4]

Boss of All Bosses (2009)[link]

Slim Thug's second solo album Boss of All Bosses was released in 2009. Although not as successful as his debut album Boss of All Bosses debuted at #15 on the Billboard 200 with 32,000 copies sold in the first week released. It included the single "I Run".

Tha Thug Show (2010–present)[link]

Slim Thug's third studio album Tha Thug Show. His first single was "Gangsta" which featured Z-Ro. His second single featured rapper/singer B.o.B entitled "So High". It was released November 30, 2010.

Other Ventures[link]

Acting career[link]

In October 2009 he appeared on The Daily Show, in a parody discussing the effects of the recession upon wealthy rappers such as himself.^[5] The skit was filmed in part at The Lion's Den Recordings in Houston, Texas.

Personal life[link]

Slim Thug dated singer LeToya Luckett until 2006.^[6][7] He claimed the two broke up as a result of his cheating and having a child with another woman.^[8]

According to MTV News, Lupe Fiasco's video for "Hip Hop Saved My Life" was based on Slim Thug's life story. "It is based on Slim Thug," Fiasco revealed.^[9] On June 7, 2010, Vibe released controversial statements Slim Thug had made regarding treatment of black men by black and white women saying "it’s hard to find [a successful black man] so Black women have to bow down and let it be known that they gotta start working hard; they gotta start cooking and being down for they man more. ...White women treat they man like a king."^[10]

The article stirred many varied reactions from bloggers and online commentators.^[7][11][12] Cultural critic and Columbia University professor Marc Lamont Hill,^[13] singers Aubrey O'Day, D. Woods,^[14] and Talib Kweli^[15] have all responded publicly to his comments.

Discography[link]

Studio albums

• 2005: Already Platinum
• 2009: Boss of All Bosses
• 2010: Tha Thug Show
• 2012: Hogg Life

Awards and Nominations[link]

MTV Video Music Awards

References[link]

External links[link]

• Slim Thug on Myspace
• Slim Thug at the Internet Movie Database
• Slim Thug on Twitter

Devin Copeland (born June 4, 1970), better known by his stage name, Devin the Dude, is a Houston hip hop rapper. He is best known for his unique rapping style, his long career signed to Rap-A-Lot Records, and his 2002 song, "Lacville '79".

Early life[link]

Devin Lynn Northcutt was born in St. Petersburg, Florida on June 4, 1970 and moved to Tennessee while in the fourth grade.^[1] He spent his childhood moving back and forth from New Boston and Houston, finally settling in Houston after graduating from high school. He smoked marijuana for the first time at a skating rink in seventh grade, which would later become a major influence on his music.^[2] As a teenager, Copeland became interested in breakdancing, joining several dance crews until he began rapping, which soon became his main interest.^[2] After graduating from high school, he met Rob Quest, a blind rapper and record producer, and the duo formed the group the Odd Squad.^[1]

Musical career[link]

Devin Copeland started out as a member of the Odd Squad (later known as the Coughee Brothaz), a group of rappers signed to Rap-A-Lot Records. The label is notable for being the home of hip-hop artists such as Geto Boys, Scarface, and Too Much Trouble. Copeland moved on to become part of Scarface's Facemob before going solo in 1998.^[3] Copeland has released seven solo albums: The Dude (1998), Just Tryin' ta Live (2002), To tha X-Treme (2004), Waitin' to Inhale (2007), Landing Gear (2008), Suite 420 (2010), and Gotta Be Me (2010). He also made a number of guest appearances, including on Dr. Dre's "Fuck You" in 1999, De La Soul's "Baby Phat" in 2001, Tech N9ne's "After Party" 2010 off of The Gates Mixed Plate.,^[3] and Young Jeezy's "Higher Learning" off of the late 2011 album Thug Motivation 103: Hustlerz Ambition.

In 2008, he ended his 15 year relationship with Houston based Rap-A-Lot Records after he decided not to renew his contract.^[4] Later that year, he signed with indie label Razor & Tie.^[5] Devin is currently being distributed by E1 Entertainment, formerly Koch.

Reception[link]

Despite being a critical success, Devin the Dude has not achieved success in the mainstream but continues to be a well-known underground hip-hop artist. The New York Times has called him "A brilliant oddball with a spaced-out flow."^[6] In addition, he has been called "Rap's best-kept secret" and "Your favorite rapper's favorite rapper."^[7] In 2007, he appeared in a documentary titled Screwed In Houston produced by VBS/Vice Magazine that details the history of the Houston rap scene.

Discography[link]

Solo[link]

Coughee Brothaz[link]

EPs[link]

Compilations[link]

References[link]

External links[link]

• MP3 audio interview with Devin the Dude on the radio program The Sound of Young America
• Devin the Dude on Myspace
• Devin the Dude Interview
• The DJBooth: Interview with Devin The Dude (Apr '07)

Bubba Watson
Watson in July 2007
Personal information
Full name	Gerry Lester Watson, Jr.
Nickname	Bubba
Born	(1978-11-05) November 5, 1978 (age 33) Bagdad, Florida, U.S.
Height	6 ft 3 in (1.91 m)
Weight	180 lb (82 kg; 13 st)
Nationality	United States
Residence	Scottsdale, Arizona
Spouse	Angie Watson
Children	Caleb Watson
Career
College	Faulkner State C.C. University of Georgia
Turned professional	2003
Current tour(s)	PGA Tour
Professional wins	6
Number of wins by tour
PGA Tour	4
Other	2
Best results in Major Championships (Wins: 1)
Masters Tournament	Won: 2012
U.S. Open	T5: 2007
The Open Championship	T30: 2011
PGA Championship	2nd: 2010

Gerry Lester "Bubba" Watson, Jr.^[1][2] (born November 5, 1978) is an American professional golfer on the PGA Tour. One of the few left-handed golfers on tour, he is a major champion, the winner of the Masters Tournament in 2012. Among the longest drivers on the PGA Tour, in 2007 he had an average drive of 315.2 yards (288.2 m) and can hit a ball over 350 yards (320 m), capable of generating a ball speed up to 194 mph (312 km/h)].^[3][4] Watson won the 2012 Masters Tournament after defeating Louis Oosthuizen in a sudden death playoff.^[5] The win elevated Watson to a career-high fourth place in the Official World Golf Ranking.

Amateur career[link]

Watson was born and raised in Bagdad, Florida, near Pensacola. He played on the golf team at Milton High School, which had featured future PGA Tour members Heath Slocum and Boo Weekley just before he attended.^[6] Watson played golf for Faulkner State Community College in nearby Baldwin County, Alabama, where he was a junior college All-American. He transferred to the University of Georgia, the defending NCAA champions, and played for the Bulldogs in 2000 and 2001. As a junior, Watson helped lead the Bulldogs to the SEC title in 2000.

Professional career[link]

Watson turned professional in 2003 and joined the Nationwide Tour where he played until 2005. He finished 21st on the Nationwide Tour's money list in 2005, making him the last player to qualify for the following year's PGA Tour. As a rookie in 2006, he earned $1,019,264 (90th overall) and led the PGA Tour in driving distance at 319.6 yards (292.2 m). His longest-ever drive on the PGA Tour was 416 yards (380 m), at the 2010 Sony Open. His longest drive in professional competition was a 422 yards (386 m) on the Nationwide Tour.

Watson played well at the 2007 U.S. Open. He was in the final group on Saturday after shooting rounds of 70–71 (+1) at Oakmont Country Club near Pittsburgh. Watson was one stroke off the lead after 36 holes but then slipped, shooting 74 (+4) in both the third and fourth rounds; he finished in a tie for fifth.

2010[link]

Watson claimed his first PGA Tour win on June 27, 2010, in Cromwell, Connecticut, at the Travelers Championship on the second hole of a sudden-death playoff with Corey Pavin and Scott Verplank.^[7] Watson tearfully dedicated the win to his parents, specifically his father who was battling cancer.

Watson was runner-up to Martin Kaymer at the PGA Championship at Whistling Straits, falling in the three-hole aggregate playoff that initially included Dustin Johnson, before he incurred a two-stroke penalty on the 72nd hole. Watson led the playoff after a birdie on the first hole, but Kaymer birdied the par-3 second hole to tie, effectively turning the playoff into sudden-death. Watson's second shot found the water hazard and Kaymer bested him by a stroke to win the major championship.

Watson had his own clothing line called "Bubba Golf" at the former Steve & Barry's. He was invited on The Ellen DeGeneres Show after he sent her a video of a golf trick shot he completed for her birthday.

2011[link]

On January 30, 2011, Watson won his second PGA Tour event, the Farmers Insurance Open, finishing one stroke ahead of runner-up Phil Mickelson.^[8] Watson picked up his second win of the 2011 season and third career PGA Tour title on May 1 when he defeated Webb Simpson at the second playoff hole at the Zurich Classic of New Orleans.^[9] Both players birdied the first playoff hole, with Watson holing a 12-footer; he birdied the next hole to win the tournament.

In July 2011, Watson provoked controversy by criticizing the Alstom Open de France on the European Tour, in which he was playing under a sponsor's exemption. He indicated after his first round that he would not be playing any further events on the European Tour,^[10] and complained after his second round about security and organization at the tournament.^[11]

Watson took part in the Long Drive Contest for charity at the Hyundai Tournament of Champions alongside Dustin Johnson and Robert Garrigus. He finished in second place, with a longest drive of 370 yards (338 m) behind a drive of over 400 yards (366 m) by Jamie Sadlowski.

2012[link]

Masters win[link]

Watson's first major championship win came at the 2012 Masters Tournament. He began the final round at six-under-par, three strokes off the lead, held by Peter Hanson. On the back nine, Watson bogeyed the par-3 12th hole to return to even par for the round. He then recorded four consecutive birdies for a round of 68 (-4) and tied for the 72-hole lead with fourth-round playing partner Louis Oosthuizen at ten-under-par. In the sudden-death playoff, Oosthuizen and Watson both made par on the uphill 18th hole. On the next hole, the downhill 10th, both drove their tee shots towards the woods to the right of the hole. Oosthuizen's landed in the rough 220 yards (200 m) away, while Watson's ball landed deep in the woods on pine straw, 164 yards (150 m) from the pin without a clear shot to the green. Watson executed a miraculous recovery shot with 40 yards of hook on his 52-degree gap wedge and stopped the ball within fifteen feet of the hole. Oosthuizen's approach shot landed short of the green, but he chipped past the hole and narrowly missed his lengthy putt for par. Watson trickled his birdie putt a foot past the hole, took his time on the very short par putt, then made it for the emotional victory.^[12][13] The win took him to a career-high world ranking of four.^[14]

Personal life[link]

Watson was nicknamed by his father for former professional football player Bubba Smith.^[6] Watson is married to Angela P. "Angie" Watson, née Ball, a 6 ft 4 in (1.93 m) Canadian whom he met at Georgia while he was on the golf team and she was on the women's basketball team.^[1][15] In 2009, she was diagnosed with an enlarged pituitary gland, which accounts for her height.^[16]

On their first date, Angie told Bubba that she would be unable to conceive a child.^[13] Various family issues, including the illness and death of Watson's father in 2010, kept them from attempting to adopt until the winter of 2011–12.^[13] On March 26, 2012, one week after an adoption of an infant girl fell through at the last moment,^[13] Watson and his wife adopted a one-month old baby boy named Caleb.^[17]

Watson's father, Gerry Lester Watson, Sr.,^[1] died on October 15, 2010 of throat cancer.^[18][19] Watson's mother is Molly Marie Watson and he has a sister, Melinda Watson Conner.^[2]

Watson is also a member of the "Golf Boys", a boy band consisting of Watson, Ben Crane, Rickie Fowler, and Hunter Mahan. Their hit song "Oh Oh Oh" is currently on Youtube. The video, produced by State Farm, receives $1000 for every 100,000 views the video gets.

Watson is a committed Christian, speaks openly about the importance of faith in his life, and devotes much of his money and time to charity.^[20]

Professional wins (6)[link]

PGA Tour wins (4)[link]

No.	Date	Tournament	Winning score	To par	Margin of victory	Runner(s)-up	Winner's share ($)
1	Jun 27, 2010	Travelers Championship	65-68-67-66=266	–14	Playoff	Corey Pavin Scott Verplank	1,080,000
2	Jan 30, 2011	Farmers Insurance Open	71-65-69-67=272	–16	1 stroke	Phil Mickelson	1,044,000
3	May 1, 2011	Zurich Classic of New Orleans	66-68-70-69=273	–15	Playoff	Webb Simpson	1,152,000
4	Apr 8, 2012	Masters Tournament	69-71-70-68=278	–10	Playoff	Louis Oosthuizen	1,440,000

PGA Tour playoff record (3–1)

No.	Year	Tournament	Opponent(s)	Result
1	2010	Travelers Championship	Corey Pavin, Scott Verplank	Won with par on second extra hole Pavin eliminated with par on first hole
2	2010	PGA Championship	Martin Kaymer	Lost three-hole aggregate playoff: (Kaymer:4-2-5=11, Watson:3-3-6=12)
3	2011	Zurich Classic of New Orleans	Webb Simpson	Won with birdie on second extra hole
4	2012	Masters Tournament	Louis Oosthuizen	Won with par on second extra hole

Other wins (2)[link]

• 2008 CVS Caremark Charity Classic (with Camilo Villegas)
• 2010 Wendy's 3-Tour Challenge (with Dustin Johnson and Boo Weekley)

Major championships[link]

Wins (1)[link]

Year	Championship	54 holes	Winning score	Margin	Runner-up
2012	Masters Tournament	3 shot deficit	−10 (69-71-70-68=278)	Playoff1	Louis Oosthuizen

¹Defeated Louis Oosthuizen in a sudden-death playoff: Watson (4-4) and Oosthuizen (4-5).

Results timeline[link]

DNP = did not play
CUT = missed the half-way cut
T = tied
Green background for wins. Yellow background for top-10.

Summary[link]

• Tournaments played: 17
• Wins: 1
• 2nd: 1
• 3rd: 0
• Top 10s: 3
• Top 25s: 5
• Missed cuts: 6
• Most consecutive cuts made: 6

Results in World Golf Championship events[link]

DNP = Did not play
QF, R16, R32, R64 = Round in which player lost in match play
"T" = tied
Yellow background for top-10.
Note that the HSBC Champions did not become a WGC event until 2009.

U.S. national team appearances[link]

Professional

• Ryder Cup: 2010
• Presidents Cup: 2011 (winners)

Equipment[link]

• Driver: PING G20 All PINK Proto 7.5*
• Fairway: PING G20 4 wood 17*
• Irons: PING S59 3-PW
• Wedges: PING Tour-W 52,56,60 or 63
• Putter: PING Redwood Anser
• Ball: Titleist ProV1x

See also[link]

• 2005 Nationwide Tour graduates

References[link]

External links[link]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Bubba Watson

• Bubba Watson at the PGA Tour official site
• Bubba Watson at the Official World Golf Ranking official site
• bubbawatsongolf.com - personal site
• PGA Tour.com - Watson launches apparel line 'bubbagolf' - 2007-07-10

v t e United States Ryder Cup team – 2010 Stewart Cink · Rickie Fowler · Jim Furyk · Dustin Johnson · Zach Johnson · Matt Kuchar · Hunter Mahan · Phil Mickelson · Jeff Overton · Steve Stricker · Bubba Watson · Tiger Woods Corey Pavin (non-playing captain) Lost: 13.5 – 14.5

v t e United States Presidents Cup team – 2011 Jim Furyk • Bill Haas • Dustin Johnson • Matt Kuchar • Hunter Mahan • Phil Mickelson • Webb Simpson • Steve Stricker • David Toms • Nick Watney • Bubba Watson • Tiger Woods Fred Couples (non-playing captain) Won: 19 – 15

Anglicanism portal

Edward "Ted" Scott, CC (April 30, 1919 – June 21, 2004) was a Canadian Anglican bishop.

Scott was born in Edmonton, Alberta in 1919 and grew up in Vancouver, where his father was a rector. He attended Anglican Theological College and was ordained in 1942. He became Bishop of Kootenay in 1966.

Scott served as primate of the Anglican Church of Canada from 1971 to 1986 and was also moderator of the Central Committee of the World Council of Churches from 1975 to 1983. He was considered a liberal in the church and was an advocate of reforms such as the ordination of women. In the late 1980s Scott served on the Commonwealth of Nations "Eminent Persons Group" that recommended the implementation of sanctions against South Africa.

Scott was awarded the Pearson Peace Medal in 1988 and was made a Companion of the Order of Canada in 1978.

Scott died in a car accident near Parry Sound, Ontario in 2004.

Sources[link]

• Radical Compassion: The Life and Times of Archbishop Edward Scott by Hugh McCullum (ISBN 1-55126-414-5)

External links[link]

• Pearson Medal of Peace - Archbishop Edward Scott

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