DHC-4 Caribou
A Royal Australian Air Force Caribou at Bundaberg airport.
Role	STOL Transport
Manufacturer	de Havilland Canada
First flight	30 July 1958
Introduction	1961
Primary users	United States Army United States Air Force Royal Australian Air Force
Number built	307
Variants	de Havilland Canada DHC-5 Buffalo

The de Havilland Canada DHC-4 Caribou (designated by the United States military as the CV-2 and later C-7 Caribou) is a Canadian-designed and produced specialized cargo aircraft with short takeoff and landing (STOL) capability. The Caribou was first flown in 1958 and although mainly retired from military operations, is still in use in small numbers as a rugged "bush" aircraft.

Design and development[link]

C-7B Caribou aircraft of the U.S. Army California National Guard

RAAF DHC-4 Caribou (A4-299) from No. 38 Squadron.

The de Havilland Canada company's third STOL design was a big step up in size compared to its earlier DHC Beaver and DHC Otter, and was the first DHC design powered by two engines. The Caribou, however, was similar in concept in that it was designed as a rugged STOL utility. The Caribou was primarily a military tactical transport that in commercial service found itself a small niche in cargo hauling. The United States Army ordered 173 in 1959 and took delivery in 1961 under the designation AC-1, which was changed to CV-2 Caribou in 1962.

The majority of Caribou production was destined for military operators, but the type's ruggedness and excellent STOL capabilities requiring runway lengths of only 1200 feet (365 metres)^[1] also appealed to some commercial users. US certification was awarded on 23 December 1960. Ansett-MAL, which operated a single example in the New Guinea highlands, and AMOCO Ecuador were early customers, as was Air America, (a CIA front in South East Asia during the Vietnam War era for covert operations). Other civil Caribou aircraft entered commercial service after being retired from their military users.

Today only a handful are in civil use.

Operational history[link]

An RAAF Caribou transport aircraft on landing approach, Vietnam War.

In response to a US Army requirement for a tactical airlifter to supply the battlefront with troops and supplies and evacuate casualties on the return journey, de Havilland Canada designed the DHC-4. With assistance from Canada's Department of Defence Production, DHC built a prototype demonstrator that flew for the first time on 30 July 1958.

Impressed with the DHC4's STOL capabilities and potential, the US Army ordered five for evaluation as YAC-1s and went on to become the largest Caribou operator. The AC-1 designation was changed in 1962 to CV-2, and then C-7 when the US Army's CV-2s were transferred to the US Air Force in 1967. US and Australian Caribous saw extensive service during the Vietnam War.

The U.S. Army purchased 159 of the aircraft and they served their purpose well as a tactical transport during the Vietnam War, where larger cargo aircraft such as the Fairchild C-123 Provider and the Lockheed C-130 Hercules could not land on the shorter landing strips. The aircraft could carry 32 troops or two Jeeps or similar light vehicles. The rear loading ramp could also be used for parachute dropping (also, see Air America).

Under the Johnson-McConnell agreement of 1966, the Army relinquished the fixed wing Caribou to the United States Air Force in exchange for an end to restrictions on Army rotary wing operations. On 1 January 1967, the 17th, 57th, 61st, 92nd, 134th, and 135th Aviation Companies of the U.S. Army were inactivated and their aircraft transferred respectively to the newly-activated 537th, 535th, 536th, 459th, 457th, and 458th Troop Carrier Squadrons of the USAF. On 1 August 1967 the "troop carrier" designations were changed to "tactical airlift".

Some US Caribou were captured by North Vietnamese forces and remained in service with that country through to the late 1970s. Following the war in Vietnam, all USAF Caribous were transferred to Air Force Reserve and Air National Guard airlift units pending their replacement by the C-130 Hercules in the 1980s.

All C-7s have since been phased out of the US military, with the last example serving again under US Army control through 1985 in support of the US Army's Golden Knights parachute demonstration team. Other notable military operators included Australia, Brazil, Canada, India, Malaysia and Spain.

The Royal Australian Air Force retired its last Caribou, A4-140, on 27 November 2009.^[2] The aircraft, which was manufactured in 1964, was donated to the Australian War Memorial, Canberra.^[3]

Brazil's Caribous are slowly being replaced by more modern EADS CASA C-295 turboprop cargo aircraft.^{[citation needed]}

Variants[link]

Royal Australian Air Force DHC-4

DHC-4 Caribou

STOL tactical transport, utility transport aircraft.

CC-108

Royal Canadian Air Force designation for the DHC-4 Caribou.

YAC-1

This designation was given to five DHC-4 Caribous, sold to the United States Army for evaluation.

AC-1

United States Army designation for the first production run of 56 DHC-4 Caribou. Later redesignated CV-2A in 1962.

CV-2A

United States Army AC-1 redesignated in 1962.

CV-2B

This designation was given to a second production run of 103 DHC-4 Caribous, which were sold to the US Army, with reinforced internal ribbing.

C-7A/B

These designations were applied to all 144 Caribous transferred to the US Air Force by the US Army.

DHC-4A Caribou

Similar to the DHC-4, but this version had an increased takeoff weight.

DHC-4T Turbo Caribou

A conversion of the baseline DHC-4 Caribou powered by the PWC PT6A-67T turboprop engines designed, test flown and certified by the Pen Turbo Aviation company.

Operators[link]

Military operators[link]

 Abu Dhabi/  United Arab Emirates

• Abu Dhabi Defence Forces Air Wing - Abu Dhabi operated five Caribou.^[4]
• United Arab Emirates Air Force

Caribou at the RAAF museum.

 Australia

• Royal Australian Air Force - 18 ordered in 1963, with further orders for seven in 1964 and four more aircraft ordered individually between 1968 and 1971.^[5] Retired 2009.
  • No. 35 Squadron RAAF 1966-2000 - transferred to No 38 Squadron RAAF.^[5]
  • No. 38 Squadron RAAF 1964-2009 - all retired.^[5][2]
  • RAAF Transport Flight Vietnam - 7 operated from 1964-1971 and returned to Australia 1972 ^[5]

 Canada

• Royal Canadian Air Force - 9 delivered; retired from Canadian Forces in 1971.^[4]
  • 424 Transport and Rescue Squadron

 Cameroon

• Cameroon Air Force - 2 delivered in 1971. The surviving Caribou was sold in 1987.^[6]

 Costa Rica

• Air Surveillance Service; Two ex-USAF C-7As delivered in the 1980s.^[6] Refurbished in July 2010 for the Fuerza Publica.^[7]

 Ghana

• Ghana Air Force - Ghana acquired eight new-build Caribou in 1963, which were operated until replaced by Fokker F.27-400Ms in 1975.^[6]

 India

• Indian Air Force - Indian received 20 new build Caribou, supplementing them with four ex-Ghanian Caribou in 1975.^[6]

 Kenya

• Kenya Air Force - received six DHC-4As, operating the type from 1966–1987.^[6][8]

 Kuwait

• Kuwait Air Force received two aircraft in 1963.^[9]

 Liberia

• Two refurbished aircraft were delivered to the Liberian Army's Air Reconnaissance Unit in 1989.^[10] The aircraft were destroyed during the civil war.

 Malaysia

• Malaysian Air Force retired their Caribous from active service.^[11]

 Oman

• Sultanate of Oman Air Force^[12]

 Spain

• Spanish Air Force received 12 new Caribous later supplemented by 24 former United States Air Force C-7As.^[13]

 South Vietnam

• Vietnam Air Force

 Sweden

• Swedish Air Force operated one DHC-4 Caribou designated Tp 55 between 1962 and 1965 for evaluation purposes at F 7 Såtenäs Air Force base.^[14]

 Tanzania

• Tanzanian Air Force^[14]

 Thailand

• Royal Thai Police The Royal Thai Police used three DHC-4A from 1966 to 2005.^[15]

 Uganda

• Uganda Police Force Air Wing^[16]

 United States

• United States Army
• United States Air Force

 Vietnam

• Vietnam People's Air Force captured several ex-VNAF airplanes.

 Zambia

• Zambian Air Force operated four Caribou.^[17]

Civil operators[link]

 Australia

• Ansett-MAL operated one aircraft in the New Guinea highlands.

 Canada

• La Sarre Air Services
  • acquired C-GVGX in 1977 (delivered 1961) and unknown status after 1981 when Propair formed from merger of La Sarre Air Services (used in El Salvador to Nicaragua 1986)^[18]

 Costa Rica

• Air Surveillance Service^[19]

 Ecuador

• AMOCO Ecuador
• Anglo-Ecuador Oilfields
• Aerolíneas Cóndor of SA

 Gabon

• Air Inter Gabon

 Indonesia

• Trigana Air

 Malta

• New Cal Aviation

 Papua New Guinea

• Garamut Exploration Services
• Vanimo Trading

 Taiwan

• Air Asia

 United States

• Air America
• Bannock Aerospace
• Chieftain Air
• Deutsche Aviation
• Environmental Research Institute of Michigan
• Fowler Aeronautical Service
• H A T Aviation Inc.
• John Woods Inc.
• New Cal Aviation
• Pen Turbo Aviation

Incidents and accidents[link]

On 27 August 1992 a Caribou which had been modified to turboprop specification by NewCal Aviation crashed on takeoff at Gimli Industrial Park Airport in Gimli, Manitoba. Three people aboard were killed.^[20]

Aircraft on display[link]

United States[link]

de Havilland AC-1/C-7A, AF Serial No. 60-3767

Exhibited at Jimmy Doolittle Air & Space Museum, Travis Air Force Base, Fairfield, California

de Havilland AC-1A/C-7A, AF Serial No. 62-4188

On display at New England Air Museum, Bradley International Airport, Connecticut

de Havilland CV-2B/C-7B Caribou, AF Serial No. 63-9756

Exhibited at Museum of Aviation, Robins AFB, Georgia

de Havilland C-7A Caribou, AF Serial No. 63-9760

Exhibited at the Air Mobility Command Museum, Dover AFB, Delaware.

de Havilland C-7A Caribou, AF Serial No. 62-4193

Exhibited at the 82nd Airborne Division War Memorial Museum, Fort Bragg, North Carolina.

de Havilland C-7A Caribou, AF Serial No. 57-3083

Exhibited at the National Museum of the United States Air Force, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio

de Havilland CV-2B, AF Serial No. 62-4149

Exhibited at Cavanaugh Flight Museum in Dallas, Texas. (fully restored to flying condition, only one in North America)^[21]

de Havilland C-7A Caribou, AF Serial No. 63-9765

Exhibited at Edwards AFB, Air Force Flight Test Center (Last known Caribou delivered to US DOD, Currently wears US Army Golden Knights paint, former 459th AS (KE) aircraft, Phu Cat, RVN)

Australia[link]

DHC-4 Caribou A4-140

Gifted to the Australian War Memorial in November 2009.^[3]

DHC-4 Caribou A4-152

Gifted to the Royal Australian Air Force Museum in November 2009.^[3]

DHC-4 Caribou A4-159, Nose section only.

Queensland Air Museum, Caloundra.

DHC-4 Caribou A4-173

Queensland Air Museum, Caloundra.

DHC-4 Caribou "A4-234"

Historical Aircraft Restoration Society, Wollongong NSW. Maintained in airworthy condition and flown regularly at air displays.

DHC-4 Caribou "A4-210"

Historical Aircraft Restoration Society, Wollongong NSW. Maintained in airworthy condition and flown regularly at air displays.

India[link]

DHC-4 Caribou A4-146

Exhibited at the Indian Air Force Museum, Palam.

Malaysia[link]

DHC-4 Caribou A4-248

Exhibited at the Royal Malaysian Air Force Museum, Sungai Besi, Kuala Lumpur.

Specifications (DHC-4A)[link]

Data from MacDonald Aircraft Handbook.^[22]

General characteristics

• Crew: Three
• Capacity:
  
  • 32 troops or
  • 24 fully equipped paratroops or
  • 14 casualty stretchers
• Payload: 8,000 lb (3,628 kg)
• Length: 72.58 ft (22.12 m)
• Wingspan: 95.58 ft (29.13 m)
• Height: 31.66 ft (9.65 m)
• Wing area: 912 ft² (84.7 m²)
• Empty weight: 16,920 lb (7,675 kg)
• Loaded weight: 28,500 lb (12,927 kg)
• Powerplant: 2 × Pratt and Whitney R-2000-7M2 Twin Wasp 14-cylinder, 1,450 hp (1,081 kW) each

Performance

• Maximum speed: 216 mph (348 km/h)
• Cruise speed: 181 mph (291 km/h)
• Range: 1,280 mi (2,060 km) (@max payload 240 mi (390 km))
• Service ceiling: 24,800 ft (7,559 m)
• Rate of climb: 1,355 ft/min (413 m/min)

See also[link]

Related development

• DHC-5 Buffalo
  

Aircraft of comparable role, configuration and era

• EADS CASA C-295
• CASA CN-235
• Transall C-160
• Scottish Aviation Twin Pioneer
  

References[link]

Notes

Bibliography

External links[link]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: De Havilland Canada DHC-4 Caribou

• GlobalSecurity.org: C-7 / CV-2 Caribou
• DHC-4T Turbo Caribou Imagery
• Replacing the Caribou: the Tango Charlie Option (DHC-4T) – Defence Today
• Bush planes
• The C-7A Caribou Association

Sampdoria

200px
Full name	Unione Calcio Sampdoria, SpA
Nickname(s)	i Blucerchiati (The Blue-ringed) la Samp il Doria
Founded	August 1, 1946; 65 years ago  (1946-08-01)
Ground	Stadio Luigi Ferraris, Genoa, Italy (Capacity: 36,536)
President	Riccardo Garrone
Head Coach	Giuseppe Iachini
League	Serie B
2010–11	Serie A, 18th (relegated)
Home colours Away colours Third colours

Unione Calcio Sampdoria is an Italian association football club based in Genoa. The club was formed in 1946 from the merger of two existing sports clubs whose roots can be traced back to the 1890s, Sampierdarenese and Andrea Doria. Both the team name and jersey do reflect this, the first being a combination of the former names, the second incorporating the former teams' colours (blue-white and red-black) in a single design.

Sampdoria currently compete in the Italian Serie B. The team's colours are blue with white, red and black hoops , hence the nickname blucerchiati. Sampdoria play at Stadio Luigi Ferraris, capacity 36,536,^[1] which it shares with Genoa's other club, Genoa Cricket and Football Club. The derby between the two teams is commonly known as the Derby della Lanterna.

Sampdoria have won the scudetto only once in their history, in the 1991 season. The club has also won the Coppa Italia four times (1985, 1988, 1989, and 1994) and one Italian Super Cup. Their biggest European success came when they won the Cup Winners' Cup in 1990. They also reached the European Cup final in 1992 only to lose against the Spanish side FC Barcelona with an 1–0 score after extra time.

History[link]

The Ginnastica Sampierdarenese was founded in 1891, opening its football section in 1899. Also around this time, a club named Society Andrea Doria was founded in 1895, and began to increase their focus on dedicating itself to football.

Andrea Doria: early league participation[link]

Andrea Doria did not participate in the first Italian Football Championship which was organized by the Italian Federation of Football (F.I.F.) since instead they had enrolled themselves into a football tournament which was organized by the Italian Federation of Ginnastica. The club eventually joined the competition for the Italian Football Championship 1903, but did not win a game in the tournament until 1907 when they beat local rivals Genoa 3–1.

It was not until 1910–11 that the club began to show promise; during that season's tournament they finished above Juventus, Internazionale and Genoa in the Piedmont-Lombardy-Liguria section.

Post-World War I[link]

After World War I, Sampierdarenese finally began to compete in the Italian Championship, after they bought a pre-war club of Genoa province: Pro Liguria of Bolzaneto. So, Samp and Doria met in the championship for the first time; Doria won in first-leg game (4–1 and 1–1), and they also arrived at second place after Genoa in Ligurian Championship, qualifying for the National Round.

With the 1921–22 season, the Italian top league was split into two competitions; both of the clubs in Sampdoria's history were in separate competitions that year too. Sampierdarenese played in the F.I.G.C. run competition, whereas Andrea Doria played in the C.C.I. variation.

Sampierdarenese won the Ligura section and then went onto the semi-finals, finishing top out of three clubs; this lead them to the final against Novese. Both legs of the final ended in 0–0 draws, thus a repetition match was played in Cremona on 21 May 1922. Still intensely difficult to separate, the match went into extra time with Novese eventually winning the tie (and the Championship) 2–1.

After the league system in Italy was brought back into one item, Sampierdarenese remained stronger than Andrea Doria by qualifying for the league. By 1924–25 the clubs were competing against each other in the Northern League; Doria who finished one place above their rivals won one game 2–1, while Sampierdarenese were victorious 2–0 in the other. At the end of the 1926–27 season, the clubs merged by fascist authorities under the name La Dominante.

La Dominante Genova split: 1930s[link]

Wearing green and black striped shirts, La Dominante Genova were admitted to the first ever season of Serie B, where they finished 3rd just missing out on promotion. The next season, under the name Liguria they had a disastrous year, finishing bottom of the table and were relegated.

Because of this, both Sampierdarenese and Andrea Doria reverted to their previous names as separate clubs. Sampierdarenese were back in Serie B for the 1932–33 season and finished in the upper part; the following year they were crowned champions and were promoted into Serie A for the first time. Andrea Doria on the other hand, battled out the 1930s down in Serie C.

The 15 July 1937 saw Sampierdarenese, melting itself with Corniglianese and Rivarolese with the club using the name Associazione Liguria Calcio; this saw them reach 5th place in Serie A during 1939. In the early 1940s, the club was relegated, but bounced straight back up as Serie B champions in 1941.

Merger[link]

After World War II, both clubs were competing in Serie A; in a reverse of pre-war situations, Andrea Doria were now the top club out of the two. However on 12 August 1946 a merger took place that would stick for the two teams, together they formed Unione Calcio Sampdoria. The first president of this new club was Piero Sanguineti, but the ambitious entrepreneur Amedeo Rissotto soon replaced him, while the first team coach during this period was a man from Florence named Giuseppe Galluzzi. In the same month of the merger, the new club demanded that they should share the Stadio Luigi Ferraris ground with Genoa; the agreement was carried off without problems. Consequently, the stadium was prepared to accommodate the games of both clubs.

As if to further show that the merger really was equal parts of both previous clubs, a new football kit was designed for the club; it implemented the blue shirts of Andrea Doria with the white, red and black mid-section of Sampierdarenese.

European and domestic successes[link]

In 1979 the club, then playing Serie B, was acquired by oil businessman Paolo Mantovani, who invested in the team in order to bring Sampdoria to the top flights. In 1982 Sampdoria made their Serie A return, and they won their first Coppa Italia three years later. In 1986 Vujadin Boskov was appointed as new head coach; the club won their second Coppa Italia in 1988, being admitted to the UEFA Cup Winners' Cup 1988-89, where they reached the final, being defeated 2–0 by Barcelona.^[2][3] A second consecutive triumph in the Coppa Italia gave Sampdoria a spot in the UEFA Cup Winners' Cup 1989-90, which they finally won defeating Anderlecht after extra time in the final. This was followed only one year later by their first (and, as of 2010, only) scudetto, being crowned as Serie A champions with a five points advantage to second-placed Inter Milan. The winning team featured several notable players, such as Gianluca Pagliuca, Gianluca Vialli, Roberto Mancini, Toninho Cerezo, Pietro Vierchowod and Attilio Lombardo, with Vujadin Boskov as head coach. In the following season, Sampdoria reached the European Cup final, and was defeated again by Barcelona at the Wembley Stadium.

Since this period Sampdoria have made a limited number of appearances in European cup competitions. During the 1994/1995 campaign they reached the semi-finals of the European Cup Winners' Cup before being eliminated on penalties in a memorable tie against Arsenal. The club also participated in the 1997/1998 UEFA Cup but were eliminated by Atletico Bilbao of Spain in the First Round. The 2005/2006 season also proved to be a significant one, with Sampdoria returning to European competition for the first time since their promotion back to Serie A, with the club narrowly missing out on Champions League qualification and entering the UEFA cup. During this campaign, the team was minutes away from qualification to the last 32 when Lens of France eliminated them by beating them 2–1. The club recently also took part in the 2007/2008 UEFA Cup, entering via the Intertoto cup. However it was to be a short and disappointing campaign, with Sampdoria being eliminated on away goals by AaB of Denmark in the First Round. Participation in recent seasons of Europa League was marked by constant defeats by Metalist Kharkiv and lack of consistent play.

Decline and resurgence[link]

On 14 October 1993 Paolo Mantovani suddenly died; he was replaced by his son Enrico. During Enrico Mantovani's first season (1993/94) Sampdoria won one more Italian Cup and placed 3rd in the national championship. During the following four seasons many players from his father's team left the club but many important acquisitions were made which kept Sampdoria in the top tier of the Italian Serie A. The likes of Enrico Chiesa, Argentine internationals Juan Sebastian Veron and Ariel Ortega, loan signing Vincenzo Montella and international midfielders Clarence Seedorf and Christian Karembeu.

Despite this, in May 1999 Sampdoria were relegated from Serie A, and did not return to the top flight until 2002. Around this time Sampdoria was acquired by Riccardo Garrone, an Italian oil businessman. Two of Garrone's most important initial moves were to inject new cash into the club and to appoint Walter Novellino as new head coach. Sampdoria returned to Serie A in 2003 lead by talisman Francesco Flachi, and ended their first season in eighth place. In the Serie A 2004-05 they lost a spot in the UEFA Champions League to Udinese in the final matchdays of the season, ending in fifth place. This was followed by a poor season; despite this, Novellino was confirmed for one more season and Sampdoria ended the 2006–07 Serie A campaign in ninth place. As the 8th placed team in Serie A were not granted a UEFA licence, Sampdoria was able to enter the UEFA Intertoto Cup 2007 as a result. Novellino announced his farewell to Sampdoria soon after, with Walter Mazzarri unveiled shortly after as his replacement.

The 2007–08 campaign started very early for Sampdoria due to qualifying rounds. They defeated Cherno More Varna in the Intertoto Cup and Hajduk Split in the second qualifying round of UEFA Cup, before being eliminated in the First Round proper by AaB on away goals. The club took actively part in the transfer market, persuading Vincenzo Montella to make a comeback at Samp and signing Antonio Cassano from Real Madrid on a loan basis. Having had such a successful loan period, Sampdoria have made the move permanent from the 2008-09 season. During the winter transfer window, Giampaolo Pazzini was signed and formed one of Serie A's most effective partnerships. Sampdoria ended the season in sixth place of the Italian Serie A and qualified for the UEFA Cup 2008-09. The following season, they qualified for the Champions League play-offs.

With the departure of Director of Sport Giuseppe Marotta, coach Luigi Delneri, both of whom were credited with Samp's recent successes and club top scorers Cassano and Pazzini and the squad being stretched by Champions League football, Sampdoria embarked on a miserable run of results and were relegated to Serie B after loss 2-1 at home to Palermo in May 2011.

Players[link]

Current squad[link]

As of 26 January 2012^[4][5]

Note: Flags indicate national team as has been defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.

No. Position Player 1 GK Júnior da Costa 3 DF Andrea Costa (on loan from Reggina) 4 MF Marco Padalino 5 MF Renan (on loan from Cluj) 6 DF Massimo Volta 7 MF Paolo Castellini (on loan from Parma) 8 DF Shkodran Mustafi 9 FW Nicola Pozzi 10 MF Pasquale Foggia (on loan from Lazio) 11 MF Gianni Munari 13 DF Gaetano Berardi 14 MF Pedro Obiang 16 MF Savvas Gentsoglou 18 MF Zsolt Laczkó 19 FW Bruno Fornaroli

No. Position Player 20 GK Sergio Romero 21 MF Roberto Soriano 22 FW Cristian Bertani 23 FW Éder (on loan from Cesena) 25 MF Nenad Krstičić 28 DF Daniele Gastaldello (vice-captain) 29 FW Juan Antonio 33 DF Andrea Rispoli (on loan from Parma) 35 DF Jonathan Rossini 44 GK Vincenzo Fiorillo 77 MF Franco Semioli 90 FW Graziano Pellè (on loan from Parma) 92 GK Andrea Tozzo 99 FW Mauro Icardi

Youth players[link]

Note: Flags indicate national team as has been defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.

No. Position Player GK Deljan Bregasi GK Andrea Tozzo 51 GK Davide Negretti 54 DF Daniele Messina DF Edoardo Blondett DF Nicolò Rolando DF Alberto Masi DF Fabio Lamorte DF Bruno Martella DF Tommaso Cancellotti

No. Position Player MF Davide Leto MF Nicola Muratore MF Alessandro Martinelli MF Nicolò Baudo MF Gianluca Sampietro MF Fabio Oliviero FW Davide Rossi (footballer) FW Stefano D'Agostino FW Francesco Galuppini

Out on loan[link]

Note: Flags indicate national team as has been defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.

No. Position Player FW Federico Piovaccari (at Brescia) DF Andrea Grieco (at Aprilia) GK Daniele Padelli (at Udinese) DF Gianluigi Bianco (at Grosseto) DF Fabrizio Cacciatore (at Varese) DF Matteo Lanzoni (at Foggia) DF Vasco Regini (at Empoli) DF Vedran Celjak (at Pergocrema) MF Andrea Poli (at Inter)

No. Position Player DF Simone Patacchiola (at Alessandria) MF Paolo Sammarco (at Chievo) FW Jonathan Biabiany (at Parma) FW Simone Zaza (at Viareggio) FW Alessandro Romeo (at Ascoli) FW Stefano Scappini (at Sorrento) FW Emanuele Testardi (at Siracusa) FW Massimo Maccarone (at Empoli)

Capped players[link]

This unreferenced section requires citations to ensure verifiability.

Had international caps for their respective countries. Players whose name is listed in bold represented their countries while playing for Sampdoria.

Managerial history[link]

Name Nationality Years Giuseppe Galluzzi 1946–47 Adolfo Baloncieri 1947–50 Giuseppe Galluzzi 1950 Matteo Poggi Alfredo Foni 1950–51 Alfredo Foni 1951–52 Matteo Poggi 1952 Ivo Fiorentini 1952–53 Paolo Tabanelli 1953–55 Lajos Czeizler 1955–56 Pietro Rava 1956–57 Ugo Amoretti 1957 William Dodgin 1957–58 Adolfo Baloncieri 1958 Eraldo Monzeglio 1958–61 Roberto Lerici 1961–63 Ernst Ocwirk 1963–65 Giuseppe Baldini 1965–66 Fulvio Bernardini 1966–71 Heriberto Herrera 1971–73 Guido Vincenzi 1973–74 Giulio Corsini 1974–75 Eugenio Bersellini 1975–77 Giorgio Canali 1977–78

Name Nationality Years Lamberto Giorgis 1978–79 Lauro Toneatto 1979–80 Enzo Riccomini 1980–81 Renzo Ulivieri 1981–84 Eugenio Bersellini 1984–86 Vujadin Boškov 1986–92 Sven-Göran Eriksson 1992–97 César Luis Menotti 1997 Vujadin Boškov 1997–98 Luciano Spalletti 1998 David Platt Giorgio Veneri 1998–99 Luciano Spalletti 1999 Giampiero Ventura 1999–00 Luigi Cagni 2000–01 Gianfranco Bellotto 2001–02 Walter Novellino 2002–07 Walter Mazzarri 2007–09 Luigi Delneri 2009–10 Domenico Di Carlo 2010–11 Alberto Cavasin 2011 Gianluca Atzori 2011 Giuseppe Iachini 2011–

Colours, badge and nicknames[link]

This section requires expansion.

The club crest features a sailor in profile known by the old Genoese name of Baciccia, which translates to Giovanni Battista in Italian or John-Baptist in English. The image of a sailor is appropriate due to Sampdoria being based in the port city of Genoa.

The white, blue, red and black colours within the crest represent the clubs origins of a merger between two teams, Sampierdarenese and Andrea Doria, who wore respectively red/black and white/blue jerseys.^[6]

Supporters and Rivalries[link]

U.C Sampdoria supporters come mainly from the city of Genova. The biggest group is Ultras Tito Cucchiaroni, named after an Argentinian left winger who played for Sampdoria. The group was founded in 1969, making it one of the oldest ultra groups in Italy. Ultras Tito Cucchiaroni are apolitical, although there are smaller groups like Rude Boys Sampdoria, who are left wing. The main support with flags and flares comes from the southern Curva, Gradinata Sud.

U.C Sampdoria biggest rivals is Genoa C.F.C.^[7]

Honours[link]

Serie A: 1

• Winners: 1990–91
• Runners-up (1): 1921–22 (F.I.G.C. as Sampierdarenese)

Serie B: 2

• Winners: 1933–34, 1966–67
• Runners-up (2): 1981–82, 2002–03

Coppa Italia: 4

• Winners: 1984–85, 1987–88, 1988–89, 1993–94
• Runners-up (3): 1985–86, 1990–91, 2008–09

Supercoppa Italiana: 1

• Winners: 1991
• Runners-up (3): 1988, 1989, 1994

European Cup/Champions League

• Runners-up (1): 1991–92

UEFA Cup Winners' Cup: 1

• Winners: 1989–90
• Runners-up (1): 1988–89

References[link]

External links[link]

• Sampdoria's official website
• Unofficial Sampdoria Website
• Sampdoria statistics
• The story told through UC Sampdoria collectables

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: U.C. Sampdoria

Steve Wozniak
Born	Stephan Gary Wozniak (1950-08-11) August 11, 1950 (age 61) San Jose, California, U.S.
Nationality	American
Other names	Woz
Alma mater	University of California, Berkeley
Occupation	Computer scientist Electronics engineer
Net worth	US$100 million (2011)[1]
Spouse	Alice Robertson (m. 1976–1980) «start: (1976)–end+1: (1981)»"Marriage: Alice Robertson to Steve Wozniak" Location: (linkback:http://en-wiki.pop.wn.com/index.php/Steve_Wozniak) Candice Clark (m. 1981–1987) «start: (1981)–end+1: (1988)»"Marriage: Candice Clark to Steve Wozniak" Location: (linkback:http://en-wiki.pop.wn.com/index.php/Steve_Wozniak) Suzanne Mulkern (m. 1990–2004) «start: (1990)–end+1: (2005)»"Marriage: Suzanne Mulkern to Steve Wozniak" Location: (linkback:http://en-wiki.pop.wn.com/index.php/Steve_Wozniak) Janet Hill (m. 2008) «start: (2008)»"Marriage: Janet Hill to Steve Wozniak" Location: (linkback:http://en-wiki.pop.wn.com/index.php/Steve_Wozniak)
Children	3
Website
www.woz.org

Stephan Gary "Woz" Wozniak (born August 11, 1950)^[2] is an American computer engineer and programmer who founded Apple Computer (now Apple Inc.) with Steve Jobs and Ronald Wayne. Wozniak created the Apple I computer and co-created the Apple II computer in the mid-1970s, which contributed significantly to the microcomputer revolution of that era.^[3]

Nicknames[link]

Wozniak has been referred to frequently by the nickname "Woz" or "The Woz”^[4]; "WoZ" (short for "Wheels of Zeus") is also the name of a company Wozniak founded.

Apple Computer[link]

Origins of Apple[link]

Wozniak met Steve Jobs when fellow Homestead High School student, Bill Fernandez, introduced them to each other.^[5] In 1970, they became friends when Jobs worked for the summer at Hewlett-Packard (HP), where Wozniak was working on a mainframe computer.^[6] According to Wozniak's autobiography, iWoz, Jobs had the idea to sell a computer as a fully assembled printed circuit board. Wozniak, at first skeptical, was later convinced by Jobs that even if they were not successful they could at least say to their grandkids they had had their own company. Together they sold some of their possessions (such as Wozniak's HP scientific calculator and Jobs' Volkswagen van), raised USD $1,300, and assembled the first prototypes in Jobs' bedroom and later (when there was no space left) in Jobs' garage. Wozniak's apartment in San Jose was filled with monitors, electronic devices, and some computer games Wozniak had developed.

Excerpt from the Apple I design manual, including Wozniak's hand-drawn diagrams

By 1971, one year after enrolling, Wozniak withdrew from the University of California, Berkeley and developed the computer that eventually made him famous. By himself he designed the hardware, circuit board designs, and operating system for the Apple I.^[7] With the Apple I design, he and Jobs were largely working to impress other members of the Palo Alto-based Homebrew Computer Club, a local group of electronics hobbyists very interested in computing. The Club was one of several key centers which established the home hobbyist era, essentially creating the microcomputer industry over several years. Unlike other Homebrew designs, the Apple had an easy-to-achieve video capability that drew a crowd when it was unveiled.^[7]

On April 1, 1976, Jobs and Wozniak formed Apple Computer. Wozniak quit his job at Hewlett-Packard and became the vice president in charge of research and development at Apple. Their first product, the Apple I computer, was similar to the Altair 8800, the first commercially available microcomputer, except it had no provision for internal expansion cards. With the addition of expansion cards, the Altair could be attached to a computer terminal and could be programmed in BASIC. The Apple I was purely a hobbyist machine, a $25 microprocessor (MOS 6502) on a single-circuit board with 256 bytes of ROM, 4K or 8K bytes of RAM and a 40-character by 24-row display controller. It lacked a case, power supply, keyboard, or display, which had to be provided by the user.

The Apple I was priced at $666.66. (Wozniak later said he had no idea about the relation between the number and the mark of the beast, and "I came up with [it] because I like repeating digits." It was $500 plus a 1/3 markup, which is actually $666.67, rounding up to the nearest penny.) Jobs and Wozniak sold their first 50 system boards to Paul Terrell, who was starting a new computer shop, called the Byte Shop, in Mountain View, California.^[8]

Airplane crash[link]

In February 1981, Wozniak was injured in a private plane crash taking off from the Santa Cruz Sky Park.^[9] The cause of the crash was determined to be premature liftoff.^{[further explanation needed]} He was unable to recall details of the crash and, for many weeks after being released from the hospital, did not realize he had been in a crash at all. He says he wandered around in a haze and did not report to work, thinking every day was a weekend day. He did not remember one day to the next, and needed to be told how to get to places familiar to him. After questioning his wife,^{[citation needed]} he finally began to figure out what had happened, after which his memory began operating correctly again.

Employment with Apple[link]

Steve Wozniak in 1983

Wozniak did not immediately return to Apple after having recovered from the crash. Instead, he married Candice Clark and returned to UC Berkeley under the name "Rocky Clark" (Rocky Raccoon was his dog's name and Clark his wife's maiden name), finally earning his undergraduate degree in electrical engineering & computer sciences (EECS) in 1986.^[10] In May 1982 and 1983, Wozniak also sponsored two US Festivals to celebrate evolving technologies; they ended up as a technology exposition and a rock festival as a combination of music, computers, television and people.

In 1983 he returned to Apple product development, desiring no more of a role than that of an engineer and a motivational factor for the Apple workforce.^[8]

Wozniak permanently ended his full-time employment with Apple on February 6, 1987, 12 years after having created the company. He still remains an employee and receives a small token paycheck, est. to be roughly 120k per year.^[8][11][12] He is also an Apple shareholder.^[13] He also maintained connections with Steve Jobs until Jobs' death in October 2011,^[14] although in 2006 Wozniak stated that he and Jobs were not close friends.^[15]

Post-Apple career[link]

Wozniak founded a new venture called CL 9, which developed and brought the first programmable universal remote control to market in 1987.^[8] He says he "did a degree under an assumed name — Rocky Racoon Clark".^[16] Wozniak also taught fifth-grade students.

In 2001, Wozniak founded Wheels of Zeus (WoZ), to create wireless GPS technology to "help everyday people find everyday things. much easily" In 2002, he joined the Board of Directors of Ripcord Networks, Inc., joining Ellen Hancock, Gil Amelio, Mike Connor, and Wheels of Zeus co-founder Alex Fielding, all Apple alumni, in a new telecommunications venture. Later the same year he joined the Board of Directors of Danger, Inc., the maker of the Hip Top (a.k.a. Side Kick from T-Mobile).

In 2006, Wheels of Zeus was closed, and Wozniak founded Acquicor Technology, a holding company for acquiring technology companies and developing them, with Apple alumni Ellen Hancock and Gil Amelio.

In September 2006, Wozniak published his autobiography, iWoz: From Computer Geek to Cult Icon: How I Invented the Personal Computer, Co-Founded Apple, and Had Fun Doing It. It was co-authored by writer Gina Smith.

In March 2006, Wozniak attended the FIRST National Competition in Atlanta to show off Lego robots.^[17] In 2010, he attended another FIRST event, a regional event in downtown Phoenix Arizona at the Arizona State Fairgrounds. In 2012, he attended and was a judge at another FIRST event, the FRC Las Vegas Regional.

In February 2009, Steve Wozniak joined Fusion-io, a data storage and server company, in Salt Lake City, Utah as their chief scientist.^[18]

On November 18, 2010, Steve Wozniak gave a speech at the Science & Technology Summit at the World Forum Convention Center in The Hague in which he predicted that Android would be dominant over the iPhone market-wise but the iPhone would retain the quality edge.^[19]

On June 9, 2011, Wozniak joined members of Fusion-io’s management team to celebrate the company’s first day of trading on the NYSE by ringing The Opening Bell.^[20]

On October 20, 2011, Wozniak delivered a keynote presentation entitled "Today’s Science Fiction, Tomorrow’s Science Fact" at IP EXPO, a Computer expo which takes place at Earls Court Exhibition Centre in London.^[21]

On November 14, 2011, Steve Wozniak was the keynote speaker at "Rutgers Entrepreneurship Day" at Rutgers University in New Brunswick, New Jersey.^[22]

Philanthropy[link]

Joey Slotnick, left, poses with Steve Wozniak. Slotnick portrayed Wozniak in the film Pirates of Silicon Valley.

Since leaving Apple, Wozniak has provided all the money, as well as a good amount of on-site technical support, for the technology program in his local school district.^[8] Un.U.Son. (Unite Us In Song), an organization Wozniak formed to organize the two US Festivals, is now primarily tasked with supporting his educational and philanthropic projects.^[8] In 1986, Wozniak lent his name to the Stephen G. Wozniak Achievement Awards (referred to as Wozzie Awards), which he presented to six Bay Area high school and college students for their innovative use of computers in the fields of business, art and music.

Honors and awards[link]

In 1979, Wozniak was awarded the ACM Grace Murray Hopper Award. In 1985, Wozniak received the National Medal of Technology (with Steve Jobs) from US President Ronald Reagan.^[8] In December 1989, he received an honorary Doctor of Engineering degree from the University of Colorado at Boulder, where he studied in the late sixties.^[23] Later he donated funds to create the "Woz Lab" at the University of Colorado at Boulder. In 1997, he was named a Fellow of the Computer History Museum. Wozniak was a key contributor and benefactor to the Children's Discovery Museum of San Jose; the street in front of the museum has been renamed Woz Way in his honor.^[24]

In September 2000, Wozniak was inducted into the National Inventors Hall of Fame,^[25] and in 2001 he was awarded the 7th Annual Heinz Award for Technology, the Economy and Employment.^[26] The American Humanist Association awarded him the Isaac Asimov Science Award in 2011.

In December 2005, Wozniak was awarded an honorary Doctor of Engineering degree from Kettering University.^[27] He also received honorary degrees from North Carolina State University and Nova Southeastern University, and the Telluride Tech Festival Award of Technology. In May 2011, Wozniak received an honorary Doctor of Engineering degree from Michigan State University.^[28]

He was awarded the Global Award of the President of Armenia for Outstanding Contribution to Humanity Through IT in 2011.^[29]

Steve Wozniak's Honorary Doctor of Engineering degrees[link]

• University of Colorado at Boulder — 1989
• Kettering University — 2005
• North Carolina State University — 2005
• Nova Southeastern University — 2005
• ESPOL University in Ecuador — 2008
• Michigan State University — 2011
• Concordia University in Montreal Canada — June 22, 2011
• State Engineering University of Armenia — November 11, 2011

Patents[link]

Wozniak is listed as the sole inventor on the following patents:

• US Patent No. 4,136,359 — "Microcomputer for use with video display"^[30] — for which he was inducted into the National Inventors Hall of Fame.
• US Patent No. 4,210,959 — "Controller for magnetic disc, recorder, or the like"^[31]
• US Patent No. 4,217,604 — "Apparatus for digitally controlling PAL color display"^[32]
• US Patent No. 4,278,972 — "Digitally-controlled color signal generation means for use with display"^[33]

Television appearances[link]

After seeing her stand-up performance in Saratoga, California, Wozniak began dating comedian Kathy Griffin.^[34] Together, they attended the 2007 Emmy Awards,^[35] and he subsequently made many appearances on the fourth season of her show Kathy Griffin: My Life on the D-List. Woz is on the show as her date for the Producers Guild of America award show. However, on a June 19, 2008 appearance on The Howard Stern Show, Griffin confirmed that they were no longer dating and decided to remain friends.^[36]

Wozniak portrays a parody of himself in the first episode of the television series Code Monkeys; he plays the owner of Gameavision before selling it to help fund Apple. He later appears again in the twelfth episode when he is in Las Vegas at the annual Video Game Convention and sees Dave and Jerry. He also appears in a parody of the "Get a Mac" ads featured in the final episode of Code Monkeys' second season. Wozniak is also interviewed and featured in the documentary Hackers Wanted and on BBC.

Wozniak competed on Season 8 of Dancing with the Stars in 2009^[37][38] where he danced with Karina Smirnoff. Despite Wozniak and Smirnoff receiving 10 combined points from the three judges out of 30, the lowest score of the evening, he remained in the competition. He later posted on a social networking site that he felt that the vote count was not legitimate and suggested that the Dancing with the Stars judges had lied about the vote count to keep him on the show.^[39] After being briefed on the method of judging and vote counting, he retracted and apologized for his statements.^[40] Despite suffering a pulled hamstring and a fracture in his foot, Wozniak continued to compete,^[41] but was eliminated from the competition on March 31, with a score of 12 out of 30 for an Argentine Tango.^[42]

On September 30, 2010, he appeared as himself on The Big Bang Theory Season 4 Episode 2 Titled "The Cruciferous Vegetable Amplification". While dining in The Cheesecake Factory where Penny works and is approached by a robot Sheldon, Leonard tries to explain to Penny who Steve is, but she says she knows him from Dancing with the Stars.

Steve Wozniak signs a Modbook for a fan during an appearance at the Axiotron booth during Macworld Expo 2009.

Personal life[link]

Wozniak's father is Polish^[43] and his mother is German, though Wozniak has said that "Either family might have come from the other country, or near the border."^[44] Family immigrated to the USA, where Steve was born. Wozniak lives in Los Gatos, California.

He is a member of a Segway Polo team, the Silicon Valley Aftershocks. In 2006, they were challenged to a game by the newly formed New Zealand Pole Blacks (the Woz Challenge Cup); the match ended in a 2-2 tie, with the Woz Challenge Cup staying in Auckland. In 2007, the Silicon Valley Aftershocks avenged the tie by defeating the Pole Blacks 5-0 in the Woz Challenge Cup finals. The 2008 Woz Challenge Cup was held at the SegwayFesT 2008 in Indianapolis, Indiana, on August 8–10, 2008 (polo events ran August 7–9).^[45] Sept 30 through October 2, 2011, Woz played Segway Polo in the Zurich Cup in Berchtesgaden, Germany. He played for the Funky Move Turtles team which placed 7th in the tournament.

His favorite video game is Tetris.^[46] In the 1990s he submitted so many high scores for the game to Nintendo Power that they would no longer print his scores, so he started sending them in under the alphabetically reversed "Evets Kainzow".^{[citation needed]}

He is also a member of the Freemasons. Wozniak describes his impetus for joining the Freemasons as being able to spend more time with his wife at the time, Alice. Alice belonged to the Order of the Eastern Star, associated with the Masons. Wozniak has said that he quickly rose to a third degree Freemason because, whatever he does, he tries to do well. He was initiated in 1979 at Charity Lodge No. 362 in Campbell, California, now part of Mt. Moriah Lodge No. 292 in Los Gatos, California.^[47]