Vision

Vision Browser Screenshot
Developer(s)	Novarra Inc.
Initial release	October 2002
Stable release	8.00 / 2009
Operating system	cross-platform
Type	Microbrowser
License	Proprietary
Website	http://www.novarra.com

Vision (formerly nWeb) is an internet browser platform for mobile devices developed by Novarra Inc. The product consists of a server that acts as a proxy and a small footprint browser that runs on Java Platform, Micro Edition, BREW (Binary Runtime Environment for Wireless), or native handset environments via C++.

Novarra created and holds patents for this distributed browsing architecture that combines an in-network server with a handset browser client.^[1] The architecture performs a portion of web page content processing on an in-network server thus reducing the workload on the handset. It also reduces data transferred over-the-air for faster page load times and provides access to more content than is possible by a handset browser alone.

Novarra offers the mobile browser to mobile network operators and handset manufacturers who typically rebrand the software as their own service. It was first made commercially available in 2002 through Palm, Inc for Tungsten (handheld) PDAs branded as “WebPro”.^[2][3] Some later releases of the mobile browser include U.S. Cellular as easyedge^SM mobile browser,^[4][5] Alltel as “My Mobile Web” Celltop application,^[6] Hutchison 3G as “www3”^[7] in Italy and “3Xplorer”^[8] in Hong Kong. Version 8.0 was released March, 2009.^[9]

Functionality[link]

Mobile phone users can access and use the same web sites on their wireless handsets that they visit using personal computers. Full web pages load in seconds due to compression and in-network processing of content by the server.

Content Type Support: “Street” HTML, HTML 4.01, XHTML 1.0, XHTML Basic, XHTML MP, cHTML, HDML, WML 1.1, Cascading Style Sheets v1, CSS v2, W-CSS, Tables, Frames, Forms, JavaScript 1.5, ECMAScript v3, ECMAScript Mobile Profile, Cookies, Basic Authentication, gzip, Multi-Part MIME, GIF, Animated GIF, JPEG, BMP file format, WBMP

Multimedia Support: Adobe Flash, FLV, WMV, AVI, MPEG-2/MPEG-4, 3GP, 3GP2, MP3, SVG Tiny, SMIL, MIDI (supported on handsets with appropriate APIs)

Network Protocols and Security: HTTP1.1, HTTPS, SSL 2.0/3.0, WTLS, Certificates

Push: WAP 2.0 Push Access Protocol (PAP)

Download: OMA^{[disambiguation needed ]} Download 1.0, MIDP OTA 1.0 & 2.0

Features[link]

• On-Device Portal: Locally store pages with categories and sites that can be predefined by the service provider and updated over the air, also "History" and "Favorites" can be customized by the end user

• PC View: Site pages load with a visual representation of the full web page.

• Fit to Screen View: Choice of reformatted layout with image sizes adapted to fit within the width of the phone’s screen.

• Content Prioritization and Mobile Navigation Aids: The browser attempts to automatically find the main information on a web page and focus on that content. Additionally, a user can “jump to” other prioritized content such as login, search or forms.

• Adobe Flash and Streaming Video (Streaming media): The browser adapts Flash animations, Flash video, and other video formats to a format supported by the handset (usually RTSP/3GPP).

• RSS: Users can view or subscribe to an available RSS feed on a site.

• Widget engine: Ability to run widgets on mobile handsets.

See also[link]

• Microbrowser
• Novarra Inc.

References[link]

1. ^ US Patent Full Text & Image Database, Patent# 7,500,188 Patent Office (retrieved on May 11, 2009)
2. ^ Palm, Web Pro Handbook http://www.palm.com/us/support/handbooks/F03/WebPro_HB_ENG.pdf (retrieved 30 June 2009)
3. ^ Handango, Palm Web Pro by palmOne http://www.handango.com/catalog/ProductDetails.jsp?storeId=2218&productId=88625 (retrieved 13 May 2009)
4. ^ U.S. Cellular, easyedge Mobile Browser http://easyedge.uscc.com/easyedge/GameDetail.do?2155 (retrieved 6 May 2009)
5. ^ Smith, Brad (15 April 2005), “One Tier 2 Carrier Opens the Internet” http://www.wirelessweek.com/one-tier-2-carrier-opens-the-internet.aspx Wireless Week (retrieved 6 May 2009)
6. ^ Furchgott, Roy (8 June 2009), "A Flood of Softrware in Reaction to Apple" http://gadgetwise.blogs.nytimes.com/2009/06/08/app-roundup/ NY Times (retrieved 30 June 2009)
7. ^ Tre Italia, www3 http://www.tre.it/public/servizi.php (retrieved 6 May 2009)
8. ^ Three Hong Kong, X-Series 3Xplorer http://xseries.three.com.hk/website/english/features_3xplorer_overview.shtml# (retrieved 6 May 2009)
9. ^ Reedy, Sarah (31 March 2009), Novarra unveils Vision micro-browser 8.0 http://blog.telephonyonline.com/bloglive_ctia/2009/03/31/novarra-unveils-vision-micro-browser-80/ (retrieved 30 June 2009)

External links[link]

• Novarra official web site
• Novarra Vision Platform
• Novarra Vision Browser

Web Browser for S60 is an example of a mobile browser.

A mobile browser, also called a microbrowser, minibrowser, or wireless internet browser (WIB), is a web browser designed for use on a mobile device such as a mobile phone or PDA. Mobile browsers are optimized so as to display Web content most effectively for small screens on portable devices. Mobile browser software must be small and efficient to accommodate the low memory capacity and low-bandwidth of wireless handheld devices. Typically they were stripped-down web browsers, but as of 2006 some mobile browsers can handle more recent technologies like CSS 2.1, JavaScript, and Ajax.

Websites designed for access from these browsers are referred to as wireless portals^[1] or collectively as the Mobile Web. They may automatically create "mobile" versions of each page, for example this one.

Underlying technology[link]

The mobile browser usually connects via cellular network, or increasingly via Wireless LAN, using standard HTTP over TCP/IP and displays web pages written in HTML, XHTML Mobile Profile (WAP 2.0), or WML (which evolved from HDML). WML and HDML are stripped-down formats suitable for transmission across limited bandwidth, and wireless data connection called WAP. In Japan, DoCoMo defined the i-mode service based on i-mode HTML, which is an extension of Compact HTML (C-HTML), a simple subset of HTML.

WAP 2.0 specifies XHTML Mobile Profile plus WAP CSS, subsets of the W3C's standard XHTML and CSS with minor mobile extensions.

Newer microbrowsers are full-featured Web browsers capable of HTML, CSS, ECMAScript, as well as mobile technologies such as WML, i-mode HTML, or cHTML.

To accommodate small screens, they use Post-WIMP interfaces.

History[link]

The first mobile browser for a PDA was PocketWeb ^[2][3] for the Apple Newton created at TecO in 1994, followed by the first commercial product NetHopper released in August 1996.^[4]

The so-called microbrowser technologies such as WAP, NTTDocomo's i-mode platform and Openwave's HDML platform fueled the first wave of interest in wireless data services.

The first deployment of a microbrowser on a mobile phone was probably in 1997 when Unwired Planet (later to become Openwave) put their "UP.Browser" on AT&T handsets to give users access to HDML content.^[5][6]

A British company, STNC Ltd., developed a microbrowser (HitchHiker) in 1997 that was intended to present the entire device UI. The demonstration platform for this microbrowser (Webwalker) had 1 MIPS total processing power. This was a single core platform, running the GSM stack on the same processor as the application stack. In 1999 STNC was acquired by Microsoft^[7] and HitchHiker became Microsoft Mobile Explorer 2.0,^[8] not related to the primitive Microsoft Mobile Explorer 1.0. HitchHiker is believed to be the first microbrowser with a unified rendering model, handling HTML and WAP along with ECMAScript, WMLScript, POP3 and IMAP mail in a single client. Although it was not used, it was possible to combine HTML and WAP in the same pages although this would render the pages invalid for any other device. Mobile Explorer 2.0 was available on the Benefon Q, Sony CMD-Z5, CMD-J5, CMD-MZ5, CMD-J6, CMD-Z7, CMD-J7 and CMD-J70. With the addition of a messaging kernel and a driver model, this was powerful enough to be the operating system for certain embedded devices. One such device was the Amstrad e-m@iler and e-m@iler 2. This code formed the basis for MME3.

Multiple companies offered browsers for the Palm OS platform. The first HTML browser for Palm OS 1.0 was HandWeb by Smartcode software, released in 1997. HandWeb included its own TCP/IP stack, and Smartcode was acquired by Palm in 1999. MicroBrowsers for the Palm OS platform multiplied after the release of PalmOS 2.0, which included a TCP/IP stack. A freeware (although later shareware) browser for the PalmOS was Palmscape, written in 1998 by Kazuho Oku in Japan, who went on to found Ilinx. Still in limited use as late as 2003. Qualcomm also developed the Eudora Web browser, and launched it with the PalmOS based QCP smartphone. PocketWeb was a proxy-based Web browsing solution, developed by Student at the University of California Berkeley and later acquired by PumaTech.

Released in 2001, Mobile Explorer 3.0 added iMode compatibility (cHTML) plus numerous proprietary schemes.^[9] By imaginatively combining these proprietary schemes with WAP protocols, MME3.0 implemented OTA database synchronisation, push email, push information clients (not unlike a 'Today Screen') and PIM functionality. The cancelled Sony Ericsson CMD-Z700 was to feature heavy integration with MME3.0. Although Mobile Explorer was ahead of its time in the mobile phone space, development was stopped in 2002.

Also in 2002, Palm, Inc. offered Web Pro on Tungsten PDAs based upon a Novarra browser. PalmSource offered a competing Web browser based on Access Netfront.

Opera Software pioneered with its Small Screen Rendering (SSR) and Medium Screen Rendering (MSR) technology. The Opera web browser is able to reformat regular web pages for optimal fit on small screens and medium-sized (PDA) screens. It was also the first widely available mobile browser to support Ajax and the first mobile browser to pass ACID2 test.[1]

Popular mobile browsers[link]

Distinct from a mobile browser is a web-based emulator, which uses a "Virtual Handset" to display WAP pages on a computer screen, implemented either in Java or as an HTML transcoder.

The following are some of the more popular mobile browsers. Some mobile browsers are really miniaturized Web browsers, so some mobile browser companies also provide browsers for desktop and laptop computers.

Default browsers used by major mobile phone and PDA vendors[link]

User-installable microbrowsers[link]

Mobile HTML transcoders[link]

Mobile transcoders reformat and compress web content for mobile devices and must be used in conjunction with built-in or user-installed microbrowsers. The following are several leading mobile transcoding services.

• Openwave Web Adapter - used by Vodacom
• Vision Mobile Server
• Skweezer - used by Orange, Etisalat, JumpTap, Medio, Miva, and others
• Teashark
• Opera Mini

See also[link]

• Browser wars
• i-mode
• Information appliance
• Mobile device detection
• Usage share of web browsers
• User agent

References[link]

External links[link]

• Best Mobile Browsers Ever
• W3C Mobile Web Initiative — “The Mobile Web Initiative's goal is to make browsing the Web from mobile devices a reality”, explains Tim Berners-Lee, W3C Director and inventor of the Web.
• Compact HTML for Small Information Appliances — W3C NOTE 9 February 1998
• Open Mobile Alliance
• Blackberry Browser Developer site
• Mobile_browser_comparison November 2010 mobile browsers comparison/speed test by Steve Litchfield of Allaboutsymbian.com