Sleipnir is a tabbed web browser developed by Fenrir Inc. The browser's main features are customization and tab functions. It supports HTML5 and Internet Explorer 9.

The names Sleipnir and Fenrir are both animals from Norse mythology.^[1][2]

Sleipnir was originally created in Japanese and then released with English and Chinese translations. Further translations are performed by volunteer translators, depending on platform.^[3][4]

It is available for Microsoft Windows, Mac OS, Android, iPhone/iPad and Windows Phone.

History[link]

Sleipnir was originally developed by Yasuyuki Kashiwagi. In November 2004, the computer containing Sleipnir's source code stolen.^[5] In 2005, Kashiwagi established Fenrir & Co. to start development of a new version of Sleipnir. Starting with version 2, the new versions are not compatible with the original.

As of 2006 Sleipnir had 6.0% of the market share in Japan.^[6] Fenrir has released Sleipnir 3.X as an alpha version, with plans to release other language versions.^{[citation needed]}

The latest stable version, 3.0.17, was released on April 25, 2012.

Sleipnir was one of twelve browsers offered through a ballot to EU users of Microsoft Windows.^[7] It wasn't present in May 2011.

Sleipnir was included in a browser ballot screen on the EU edition of Windows 7 (not in May 2011)^{[clarification needed]} (and XP and Vista with an update),^[8] so EU users of Windows 7 may choose between Internet Explorer and other browsers during the installation process.

Features[link]

In the Windows version, the browser's layout engine can be changed to either Internet Explorer's Trident or Mozilla's Gecko. Other features include tab grouping, mouse gestures, page zooming, a search bar, Greasemonkey-like user script support, and plugin support. WebKit rendering has been implemented, and as of May 17, 2012, is in alpha version stages. ^[9]

Bookmarks on Sleipner can be synced with different platform, using a function called Fenrir Pass.

Platforms[link]

Sleipnir 3 for Windows: Includes tab options, tab groups, Touchpaging to flick between tabs using your mouse, and mouse gestures.

Sleipnir 2 for Windows: Sleipnir 2 features customizable functions and add-ons created by users. Sleipnir 2 is one of the few browsers to still support Windows 98.

Sleipnir 3 for Mac: Switch tabs by swiping tabs left or right-click

• Operate tabs using gestures
• TiledTab: Pinch-in on the TrackPad to view a list of tabs
• Hold And Go: Hold down on a link to open in the background
• Ad Block
• Tab groups for managing tabs
• Sync bookmarks with other devices using Fenrir Pass
• The standard full-screen with OS X Lion^[10]

Sleipnir Mobile: The following mobile versions of Sleipnir for smartphones have been released: Android, iOS, Windows Phone

See also[link]

• List of feed aggregators
• Comparison of feed aggregators

References[link]

1. ^ http://www.fenrir-inc.com/us/sleipnir/
2. ^ http://info.fenrir-inc.com/us/profile/symbol.html
3. ^ http://blog.fenrir-inc.com/us/2012/03/translators-wanted-for-windows-mac-mobile-sleipnir-web-browser.html
4. ^ http://www.fenrir-inc.com/us/sleipnir-family/languages.html
5. ^ (Japanese)「Sleipnir」「PictBear」の作者のパソコンが盗難に遭い開発中止に!?
6. ^ (Japanese) フェンリル、タブブラウザ「Sleipnir」「Grani」のデフォルト検索エンジンをグーグルに:マーケティング - CNET Japan
7. ^ BBC, Microsoft offers browser choices to Europeans, 1 March 2010
8. ^ EU drops Microsoft browser charges with agreement on 'ballot screen' | Technology | guardian.co.uk
9. ^ http://blog.fenrir-inc.com/us/2012/05/sleipnir-3-alpha-3-web-browser-released.html
10. ^ http://itunes.apple.com/us/app/sleipnir-browser/id475299388?mt=12

External links[link]

• Official website English, Japanese (3.x)
• Japanese homepage (3.x)
• Japanese homepage (1.x)
• The English version - from Download.com

Web browser usage on Wikimedia servers

A web browser is a software application for retrieving, presenting, and traversing information resources on the World Wide Web. An information resource is identified by a Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) and may be a web page, image, video, or other piece of content.^[1] Hyperlinks present in resources enable users easily to navigate their browsers to related resources. A web browser can also be defined as an application software or program designed to enable users to access, retrieve and view documents and other resources on the Internet.

Although browsers are primarily intended to access the World Wide Web, they can also be used to access information provided by web servers in private networks or files in file systems. The major web browsers are Firefox, Google Chrome, Internet Explorer, Opera, and Safari.^[2]

History[link]

WorldWideWeb for NeXT, released in 1991, was the first web browser.^[3]

The first web browser was invented in 1990 by Sir Tim Berners-Lee. It was called WorldWideWeb (no spaces) and was later renamed Nexus.^[4]

In 1993, browser software was further innovated by Marc Andreessen with the release of Mosaic (later Netscape), "the world's first popular browser",^[5] which made the World Wide Web system easy to use and more accessible to the average person. Andreesen's browser sparked the internet boom of the 1990s.^[5] The introduction of Mosaic in 1993 – one of the first graphical web browsers – led to an explosion in web use. Andreessen, the leader of the Mosaic team at NCSA, soon started his own company, named Netscape, and released the Mosaic-influenced Netscape Navigator in 1994, which quickly became the world's most popular browser, accounting for 90% of all web use at its peak (see usage share of web browsers).

Marc Andreessen

Microsoft responded with its Internet Explorer in 1995, also heavily influenced by Mosaic, initiating the industry's first browser war. Bundled with Windows, Internet Explorer gained dominance in the web browser market; Internet Explorer usage share peaked at over 95% by 2002.^[6]

Opera debuted in 1996; although it has never achieved widespread use, having less than 2% browser usage share as of February 2012 according to Net Applications.^[7] Its Opera-mini version has an additive share, in April 2011 amounting to 1.1% of overall browser use, but focused on the fast-growing mobile phone web browser market, being preinstalled on over 40 million phones. It is also available on several other embedded systems, including Nintendo's Wii video game console.

In 1998, Netscape launched what was to become the Mozilla Foundation in an attempt to produce a competitive browser using the open source software model. That browser would eventually evolve into Firefox, which developed a respectable following while still in the beta stage of development; shortly after the release of Firefox 1.0 in late 2004, Firefox (all versions) accounted for 7% of browser use.^[6] As of August 2011, Firefox has a 28% usage share.^[7]

Apple's Safari had its first beta release in January 2003; as of April 2011, it had a dominant share of Apple-based web browsing, accounting for just over 7% of the entire browser market.^[7]

The most recent major entrant to the browser market is Google's Chrome, first released in September 2008. Chrome's take-up has increased significantly year on year, by doubling its usage share from 8% to 16% by August 2011. This increase seems largely to be at the expense of Internet Explorer, whose share has tended to decrease from month to month.^[8] In December 2011, Google Chrome overtook Internet Explorer 8 as the most widely used web browser.^[clarify] However, when all versions of Internet Explorer are put together, IE is still most popular.^[9]

Function[link]

The primary purpose of a web browser is to bring information resources to the user. This process begins when the user inputs a Uniform Resource Locator (URL), for example http://en.wikipedia.org/, into the browser. The prefix of the URL, the Uniform Resource Identifier or URI, determines how the URL will be interpreted. The most commonly used kind of URI starts with http: and identifies a resource to be retrieved over the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP). Many browsers also support a variety of other prefixes, such as https: for HTTPS, ftp: for the File Transfer Protocol, and file: for local files. Prefixes that the web browser cannot directly handle are often handed off to another application entirely. For example, mailto: URIs are usually passed to the user's default e-mail application, and news: URIs are passed to the user's default newsgroup reader.

In the case of http, https, file, and others, once the resource has been retrieved the web browser will display it. HTML is passed to the browser's layout engine to be transformed from markup to an interactive document. Aside from HTML, web browsers can generally display any kind of content that can be part of a web page. Most browsers can display images, audio, video, and XML files, and often have plug-ins to support Flash applications and Java applets. Upon encountering a file of an unsupported type or a file that is set up to be downloaded rather than displayed, the browser prompts the user to save the file to disk.

Information resources may contain hyperlinks to other information resources. Each link contains the URI of a resource to go to. When a link is clicked, the browser navigates to the resource indicated by the link's target URI, and the process of bringing content to the user begins again.

Features[link]

Available web browsers range in features from minimal, text-based user interfaces with bare-bones support for HTML to rich user interfaces supporting a wide variety of file formats and protocols. Browsers which include additional components to support e-mail, Usenet news, and Internet Relay Chat (IRC), are sometimes referred to as "Internet suites" rather than merely "web browsers".^[10][11][12]

All major web browsers allow the user to open multiple information resources at the same time, either in different browser windows or in different tabs of the same window. Major browsers also include pop-up blockers to prevent unwanted windows from "popping up" without the user's consent.^{[13][14][15][16]}

Most web browsers can display a list of web pages that the user has bookmarked so that the user can quickly return to them. Bookmarks are also called "Favorites" in Internet Explorer. In addition, all major web browsers have some form of built-in web feed aggregator. In Firefox, web feeds are formatted as "live bookmarks" and behave like a folder of bookmarks corresponding to recent entries in the feed.^[17] In Opera, a more traditional feed reader is included which stores and displays the contents of the feed.^[18]

Furthermore, most browsers can be extended via plug-ins, downloadable components that provide additional features.

User interface[link]

Most major web browsers have these user interface elements in common:^[19]

• Back and forward buttons to go back to the previous resource and forward respectively.
• A refresh or reload button to reload the current resource.
• A stop button to cancel loading the resource. In some browsers, the stop button is merged with the reload button.
• A home button to return to the user's home page.
• An address bar to input the Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) of the desired resource and display it.
• A search bar to input terms into a search engine. In some browsers, the search bar is merged with the address bar.
• A status bar to display progress in loading the resource and also the URI of links when the cursor hovers over them, and page zooming capability.

Major browsers also possess incremental find features to search within a web page.

Privacy and security[link]

Most browsers support HTTP Secure and offer quick and easy ways to delete the web cache, cookies, and browsing history. For a comparison of the current security vulnerabilities of browsers, see comparison of web browsers.Browsers should also be very secure, as malware is a constant threat on the internet.

Standards support[link]

Early web browsers supported only a very simple version of HTML. The rapid development of proprietary web browsers led to the development of non-standard dialects of HTML, leading to problems with interoperability. Modern web browsers support a combination of standards-based and de facto HTML and XHTML, which should be rendered in the same way by all browsers.

Extensibility[link]

A browser extension is a computer program that extends the functionality of a web browser. Every major web browser supports the development of browser extensions.

See also[link]

• Geobrowsing
• List of web browsers
• Mobile browser
• Timeline of web browsers
• Web browser history

References[link]

External links[link]

• Architecture of the World Wide Web, Volume One
• Existing browsers
• WorldWideWeb: Proposal for a HyperText Project

Look up web in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

Web may refer to:

Biology[link]

• Spider web, a mesh built by a spider, composed of spider silk and usually used for trapping prey
• Interdigital webbing, skin membranes between the digits of semiaquatic mammals

Computing[link]

• World Wide Web or "the Web", a hypertext system that operates over the Internet
  • Web 2.0, a perceived transition of the Web from a collection of Web sites to a full-fledged computing platform serving Web applications
  • World Wide Web Conference (WWW), a yearly international academic conference on the topic of the future direction of the World Wide Web
  • World Wide Web Consortium, also known as W3C and W3.org, the main international standards organization for the World Wide Web
  • WorldWideWeb, the first web browser and editor
  • Web (web browser), the web browser included with GNOME desktop environment (previously known as Epiphany)
  • Web.com, a public company that offers websites and other services for small businesses and consumers
  • Webs (web hosting), a website which allows users to create free websites
• WEB, a computer programming system created by Donald Knuth to implement literate programming

Publications[link]

• The Web (comics), a comic book character
• Web (novel) by John Wyndham, posthumously published novel set on an island populated by spiders
• World English Bible (WEB), a public domain translation of the Bible
• The Web (series), a series of science fiction stories
• "The Web", a publication by Marillion.

Television, radio and film[link]

• WEBS (AM), a radio station at 1030 kHz, licensed to Calhoun, Georgia, United States
• The Web (film), a film noir
• The Web (TV series), a mystery/suspense anthology series
• "Web" (Law & Order: Special Victims Unit), an episode of Law & Order: Special Victims Unit
• Webs (film), a 2003 sci-fi movie
• The Web, a dangerous region of space in the ReBoot universe
• West End Broadcast (WeB FM), a radio station in Newcastle, England, that was a forerunner of NE1fm
• "The Web", an episode from the first season of the British science-fiction series Blake's 7

Miscellaneous[link]

• In mathematics, a linear system of divisors of dimension 3
• Offset printing web, a roll of paper is used, rather than individual pages
• Steel I-beams or trusses are made with a web, centered between the top and bottom flange
• Web Entertainment, a record label
• "The Web", a song from the album "Script for a Jester's Tear" by Marillion.
• Web (manufacturing) continuous sheets of material passed over rollers
• b:Nets, Webs and the Information Infrastructure

See also[link]

• Webb (disambiguation)
• Webbing: Webbing (textile), Interdigital webbing (Biology).

This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the same title. If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article.

Look up browser or browsing in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

Browse, browser or browsing may refer to:

• Browse, a kind of orienting strategy in animals and human beings
• Browsing (herbivory), a type of feeding behavior in herbivores
• Web browser, used to access the World Wide Web
• File browser, also known as a file manager, used to manage files and related objects
• Help browser, for reading online help
• Code browser, for navigating source code
• Browser service, a feature of Microsoft Windows to let users browse and locate shared resources in neighboring computers

This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the same title. If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article.