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Machel Montano - The Fog (Official Music Video)
Machel Montano - The Fog
Persona 4 - Fog
Machel Montano HD | THE FOG [2013 Trinidad Soca][Produced By Precision Productions][w.Lyrics]
How To Make A Fog Cannon
Nosaj Thing - Fog (Jamie xx Remix)
Mighty Mini Fog Maker
7News - Thick fog blankets Sydney
The Fog - Trailer (2005)
Nosaj Thing - Fog
Tariq Ramadan invite de FOG.
Young Dreams -

Fog

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(Translation To: Nebel)
They stand with their arms tightly around each other
A mixture of flesh, so rich in days
Where the sea touches the land
She wants to tell him the truth
But the wind eats her words
Where the sea ends
She holds his hand, trembling
And kissed him on the forehead
She carries the evening in her chest
And knows that she must wither away
She lays her head in his lap
And asks for a last kiss
And then he kissed her
Where the sea ends
Her lips, delicate and pale
And his eyes tear up
The last kiss
Was so long ago
The last kiss
He does not remember it anymore

There's a little child runnin' 'round this house
And he never leaves, he will never leave
And the fog comes up from the sewers
And glows in the dark
Baby alligators in the sewers
Grow up fast, grow up fast
Anything you want it can be done now
How did you go bad?
Did you go bad? Did you go bad?
Some things will never wash away

Walk a mile, then walk another mile
When you hit the fog rehearse your smile
Underground, it's quiet underground
Rolling in like thunder makes no sound
Peace of mind and empty all the time
Like sand under the snow, I make you mine

Livin' this fuckin' moment, as if I'm not in myself
A wall of confusion is obscuring the mind
Tearing this ling life over, and in a sudden relapse
A dhrone of illusion is much stronger than lies
Down fallen grey... down fallen grey
Fog, without you, only blind demise
Fog the grey confusion, burned by delight
Feeling an empty wonder, it happens every day
I build up a meaning that is coming from stink
Down fallen grey... down fallen grey
Fog, without you, only blind demise
Fog the grey confusion, burned by delight
Fog, without you, only blind demise

These broken arms won't hold you down
These ruptured lungs won't make a sound
These syllables won't bring you back,
Won't stitch the holes, no bones intact
and I can't pretend that you were there
and I can't pretend I held your hand
and I miss your smile
I miss your smile
I need you now
I need you now
and I am not scared of falling down
I am not scared of dark dark clouds
I miss your smile
I miss your smile
I need you now

Fog dug in
Set to stay
Keeping all away
Autumn wind
Drying lips
Waking business
People shout on the streets outside
Thick moon hanging in the air tonight
Sirens wailing alive, alive
Keep in contact with the corners of eyes
Stripped of luck wrong place wrong time
Marker to marker draws a country line
We could find a quiet place
Out here where the soil is good
Mr stand fast
Mr worldly wise
Avoid the slough of despond
Beige book says
Spending is down
On the ship Ford Maddox Brown
You could call it a family thing
You could say its done nothing at all
Ebb and flow if you want to
Don't be afraid to just go
Stripped of luck wrong place wrong time
Marker to marker draws a country line
We could find a quiet place

It's incomplete, pencil it in
I'm not sure of my mother's line
Chicken feeding under seems strange
How he came back to see life again
So far gone
So far gone
I can stay with you awhile
So far gone
So far gone
I can stay with you awhile
This time i'm not alone
This time i've got to go
Think strong
Under the sand
I'm not changing, i'd rather be
I'm dead, holding now you can say
I could climb a waterfall
Now I could climb a waterfall
It's incomplete, he wears an orange grin
Chasing back i won't let him come
Somethings stronger and it seems strange
How he won't compete, he won't be okay
So far gone
So far gone
I can stay with you awhile
So far gone
So far gone
I can stay with you awhile
This time i'm not alone
This time i've got to go
Think strong
Under the sand
I'm not changing, i'd rather be
I'm dead, holding now you can say
I could climb a waterfall
Now I could climb a waterfall

RELEASE


ALBUMS








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Machel Montano - The Fog (Official Music Video)
  • Order:
  • Duration: 3:51
  • Updated: 13 Aug 2013
Hope you guys enjoyed! Subscribe for more music! http://www.youtube.com/subscription_center?add_user=Triniskiller Like our Facebook Page to never miss a vide...
  • published: 20 Jan 2013
  • views: 488208
  • author: Soca Music
http://web.archive.org./web/20130905083958/http://wn.com/Machel Montano - The Fog (Official Music Video) "Soca 2013" [HD]
Machel Montano - The Fog
  • Order:
  • Duration: 3:41
  • Updated: 04 Aug 2013
Written by Full Blown Entertainment, Machel Montano, Nikholai Greene & Kasey Phillips Produced & Mixed by Precision Productions Mastered by Sterling Sound, N...
http://web.archive.org./web/20130905083958/http://wn.com/Machel Montano - The Fog
Persona 4 - Fog
  • Order:
  • Duration: 3:55
  • Updated: 11 Aug 2013
EDIT: download link (requested by TheSpiritsGuide2): http://www.mediafire.com/?nxybmpvyyot Title: Fog (Kiri) Shin Megami Tensei: Persona 4.
  • published: 23 Jul 2008
  • views: 514193
  • author: Slayer0
http://web.archive.org./web/20130905083958/http://wn.com/Persona 4 - Fog
Machel Montano HD | THE FOG [2013 Trinidad Soca][Produced By Precision Productions][w.Lyrics]
  • Order:
  • Duration: 3:47
  • Updated: 18 Aug 2013
Written by Full Blown Entertainment, Machel Montano, Nikholai Greene & Kasey Phillips. Produced & Mixed by Precision Productions. Mastered by Sterling Sound,...
http://web.archive.org./web/20130905083958/http://wn.com/Machel Montano HD | THE FOG [2013 Trinidad Soca][Produced By Precision Productions][w.Lyrics]
How To Make A Fog Cannon
  • Order:
  • Duration: 2:33
  • Updated: 19 May 2013
fallow us on twitter to get all the news!-- https://twitter.com/lemon_bmx please like our fb page!! http://www.facebook.com/pages/youtube-lemonBMX/19702405...
  • published: 30 Sep 2012
  • views: 47651
  • author: LemonBMX
http://web.archive.org./web/20130905083958/http://wn.com/How To Make A Fog Cannon
Nosaj Thing - Fog (Jamie xx Remix)
  • Order:
  • Duration: 4:42
  • Updated: 12 Aug 2013
Nosaj Thing "Fog (Jaime xx Remix)" from the album 'Drift Remixed" on Alpha Pup Records Learn more at http://www.alphapuprecords.com/
  • published: 10 Dec 2010
  • views: 173410
  • author: Alpha Pup
http://web.archive.org./web/20130905083958/http://wn.com/Nosaj Thing - Fog (Jamie xx Remix)
Mighty Mini Fog Maker
  • Order:
  • Duration: 2:00
  • Updated: 18 Aug 2013
Here is an easy mini fog maker that produces mighty results! Tweet it!: http://bit.ly/TweetMiniFogMaker ▻Check out my 'secret' classic videos: http://www.kip...
  • published: 19 May 2010
  • views: 2716830
  • author: kipkay
http://web.archive.org./web/20130905083958/http://wn.com/Mighty Mini Fog Maker
7News - Thick fog blankets Sydney
  • Order:
  • Duration: 2:10
  • Updated: 25 Jun 2013
Thick fog has covered Sydney causing extensive traffic delays and flight cancellations.
  • published: 28 May 2013
  • views: 10226
  • author: 7NEWS
http://web.archive.org./web/20130905083958/http://wn.com/7News - Thick fog blankets Sydney
The Fog - Trailer (2005)
  • Order:
  • Duration: 2:06
  • Updated: 16 Aug 2013
The Fog remake from the original 1980's john carpenter movie.
  • published: 05 Aug 2009
  • views: 548136
  • author: MushMedia
http://web.archive.org./web/20130905083958/http://wn.com/The Fog - Trailer (2005)
Nosaj Thing - Fog
  • Order:
  • Duration: 3:43
  • Updated: 08 Aug 2013
Nosaj Thing "Fog" from the album 'Drift' on Alpha Pup Records Learn more at http://www.alphapuprecords.com/
  • published: 20 Apr 2010
  • views: 418707
  • author: Alpha Pup
http://web.archive.org./web/20130905083958/http://wn.com/Nosaj Thing - Fog
Tariq Ramadan invite de FOG.
  • Order:
  • Duration: 17:08
  • Updated: 10 Jul 2013
Tariq Ramadan.
  • published: 24 Nov 2011
  • views: 67913
  • author: larbi hadri
http://web.archive.org./web/20130905083958/http://wn.com/Tariq Ramadan invite de FOG.
Young Dreams -
  • Order:
  • Duration: 4:40
  • Updated: 31 Jul 2013
SUBSCRIBE to Pitchfork.tv: http://bit.ly/MgXoZp MORE Music Videos: http://bit.ly/J27abt A love story with an undercurrent of darkness. ------ SUBSCRIBE to Pi...
  • published: 24 Oct 2012
  • views: 104485
  • author: pitchforktv
http://web.archive.org./web/20130905083958/http://wn.com/Young Dreams - "Fog of War" (Official Music Video)
THICK FOG COVERS THE CITY OF SYDNEY TODAY MAY 28, 2013
  • Order:
  • Duration: 3:19
  • Updated: 31 May 2013
Ver video en español http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A7w7g0s6l28 PAGINA WEB http://www.gabehash.com/ YOUTUBE http://www.youtube.com/Gabehash (Canal Español) h...
  • published: 28 May 2013
  • views: 1886
  • author: GabeHashTV
http://web.archive.org./web/20130905083958/http://wn.com/THICK FOG COVERS THE CITY OF SYDNEY TODAY MAY 28, 2013
Michel Onfray dénonce l'imposture Freudienne chez  FOG  1/3
  • Order:
  • Duration: 9:30
  • Updated: 26 Jul 2013
Michel Onfray dénonce limposture Freudienne dans l'émission Campus animée par Franz Olivier Giesbert - du Vendredi 09 Avril Au Soir sur France 2 son nouveau ...
  • published: 20 Apr 2010
  • views: 6526
  • author: ElyanSun
http://web.archive.org./web/20130905083958/http://wn.com/Michel Onfray dénonce l'imposture Freudienne chez FOG 1/3
Hope you guys enjoyed! Subscribe for more music! http://www.youtube.com/subscription_center?add_user=Triniskiller Like our Facebook Page to never miss a vide...
  • published: 20 Jan 2013
  • views: 488208
  • author: Soca Music

3:51
Machel Mon­tano - The Fog (Of­fi­cial Music Video) "Soca 2013" [HD]
Hope you guys en­joyed! Sub­scribe for more music! http://​www.​youtube.​com/​subscription_​cente...​
pub­lished: 20 Jan 2013
au­thor: Soca Music
3:41
Machel Mon­tano - The Fog
Writ­ten by Full Blown En­ter­tain­ment, Machel Mon­tano, Nikho­lai Greene & Kasey Phillips Prod...
pub­lished: 21 Dec 2012
3:55
Per­sona 4 - Fog
EDIT: down­load link (re­quest­ed by TheS­pir­its­Guide2): http://​www.​mediafire.​com/?​nxybmpvyyot...​
pub­lished: 23 Jul 2008
au­thor: Slay­er0
3:47
Machel Mon­tano HD | THE FOG [2013 Trinidad Soca][Pro­duced By Pre­ci­sion Pro­duc­tions][w.​Lyrics]
Writ­ten by Full Blown En­ter­tain­ment, Machel Mon­tano, Nikho­lai Greene & Kasey Phillips. Pro...
pub­lished: 21 Dec 2012
2:33
How To Make A Fog Can­non
fal­low us on twit­ter to get all the news!-- https://​twitter.​com/​lemon_​bmx please like our ...
pub­lished: 30 Sep 2012
au­thor: LemonBMX
4:42
Nosaj Thing - Fog (Jamie xx Remix)
Nosaj Thing "Fog (Jaime xx Remix)" from the album 'Drift Remixed" on Alpha Pup Records Lea...
pub­lished: 10 Dec 2010
au­thor: Alpha Pup
2:00
Mighty Mini Fog Maker
Here is an easy mini fog maker that pro­duces mighty re­sults! Tweet it!: http://​bit.​ly/​Twee...​
pub­lished: 19 May 2010
au­thor: kip­kay
2:10
7News - Thick fog blan­kets Syd­ney
Thick fog has cov­ered Syd­ney caus­ing ex­ten­sive traf­fic de­lays and flight can­cel­la­tions....
pub­lished: 28 May 2013
au­thor: 7NEWS
2:06
The Fog - Trail­er (2005)
The Fog re­make from the orig­i­nal 1980's john car­pen­ter movie....
pub­lished: 05 Aug 2009
au­thor: Mush­Me­dia
3:43
Nosaj Thing - Fog
Nosaj Thing "Fog" from the album 'Drift' on Alpha Pup Records Learn more at http://​www.​alp...
pub­lished: 20 Apr 2010
au­thor: Alpha Pup
17:08
Tariq Ra­madan in­vite de FOG.
Tariq Ra­madan....
pub­lished: 24 Nov 2011
au­thor: larbi hadri
4:40
Young Dreams - "Fog of War" (Of­fi­cial Music Video)
SUB­SCRIBE to Pitchfork.​tv:​ http://​bit.​ly/​MgXoZp MORE Music Videos: http://​bit.​ly/​J27abt A ...
pub­lished: 24 Oct 2012
au­thor: pitch­fork­tv
3:19
THICK FOG COV­ERS THE CITY OF SYD­NEY TODAY MAY 28, 2013
Ver video en español http://​www.​youtube.​com/​watch?​v=A7w7g0s6l28 PAG­I­NA WEB http://​www.​gabe...
pub­lished: 28 May 2013
au­thor: GabeHashTV
9:30
Michel On­fray dénonce l'im­pos­ture Freu­di­enne chez FOG 1/3
Michel On­fray dénonce limpos­ture Freu­di­enne dans l'émis­sion Cam­pus animée par Franz Olivie...
pub­lished: 20 Apr 2010
au­thor: Elyan­Sun
Youtube results:
3:36
The Wom­bats - Jump Into The Fog
Buy 'Jump Into The Fog' (fea­tur­ing 3 orig­i­nal new B-sides) now from iTunes http://​bit.​ly/​e...​
pub­lished: 26 Dec 2010
au­thor: The­WOM­BATS
5:12
Machel Mon­tano - The Fog (Major Lazer & Grandtheft Remix)
Of­fi­cial Remix. Major Lazer: Web - http://​majorlazer.​com FB - http://​facebook.​com/​majorlaz...​
pub­lished: 08 Jul 2013
5:59
Strange­fruit - Sea of Fog
From Strange­fruit UK's stun­ning debut EP; 'Be­tween the Earth and Sea'. Avail­able on iTunes...
pub­lished: 05 Jul 2013
10:40
Hedge­hog in the Fog [Yuriy Nor­shteyn, 1975] HQ
Hedge­hog in the Fog [Ёжик в тумане], Yuriy Nor­shteyn (1975) This is a story about a lit­tle...
pub­lished: 08 Oct 2009
photo: AP / Tony Dejak
Ariel Castro
Edit Jezebel
04 Sep 2013
He reportedly hanged himself. According to 19 Action News.. Inmate Ariel Castro was found hanging in his cell this evening at 9.20 pm at the Correctional Reception Center in Orient ... [19 Action News, AP]. ....(size: 1.0Kb)
photo: US DoS
U.S. Secretary of State John Kerry delivers remarks on Syria at the U.S. Department of State in Washington, D.C., on August 30, 2013.
Edit CNN
04 Sep 2013
September 4, 2013 -- Updated 0847 GMT (1647 HKT). (CNN) -- The White House's case for a military strike on Syria enters Round II Wednesday. Secretary of State John Kerry returns to the Hill, this time to be grilled by the House Foreign Affairs Committee. On Tuesday, he appeared before the Senate Foreign Affairs Committee to sway skeptical lawmakers. Defense Secretary Chuck Hagel and Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Gen ... POINT. ... -- ... --....(size: 7.1Kb)
photo: AP / Muzaffar Salman
A Syrian army soldier secures the scene as he stands next to a military truck which was attacked by a roadside bomb, in Daraa city, southern Syria, on Wednesday May 9, 2012.
Edit The Los Angeles Times
03 Sep 2013
PARIS -- France says it has evidence gathered by its intelligence services to prove "undeniably" that Syrian President Bashar Assad's forces carried out a "massive and coordinated" chemical attack on its civilian population. The French government released the evidence in a nine-page declassified document Monday evening to boost its calls for military intervention in Syria. The report in many ways dovetails with allegations made by U.S....(size: 7.9Kb)
photo: US DoD / D. Myles Cullen
American and Israeli Soldiers work together during Austere Challenge 2012 exercise at a military installation in Israel, on Oct 30, 2012.  Austere Challenge is the largest joint exercise US has conducted with Israeli Defense Forces.  DOD photo by D. Myles Cullen
Edit The New York Times
03 Sep 2013
JERUSALEM — Israel and the United States tested a new air-defense system on Tuesday morning, launching a missile from deep in the Mediterranean Sea that caused consternation in Syria and Russia given the heightened tension in the region as the Obama administration weighs a military strike in Syria. Multimedia. Multimedia Feature. A Broader Look at the War Across Syria. Video. Obama Seeks Support on Syria. Document. U.S ... Video ... Related ...  ....(size: 5.9Kb)
photo: AP / Nuclear Regulation Authority
In this photo provided by Nuclear Regulation Authority (NRA), NRA commissioners inspect storage tanks used to contain radioactive water at the Fukushima Dai-ichi nuclear power plant, operated by Tokyo Electric Power Co. (TEPCO), in Okuma in Fukushima prefecture, northern Japan, Friday, Aug. 23, 2013.
Edit San Francisco Chronicle
03 Sep 2013
TOKYO (AP) — The Japanese government announced Tuesday that it is funding a costly, untested subterranean ice wall in a desperate step to stop leaks of radioactive water from the crippled Fukushima nuclear plant after repeated failures by the plant's operator ... The Fukushima Dai-ichi plant has been leaking hundreds of tons of contaminated underground water into the sea since the 2011 earthquake and tsunami damaged the complex ... ....(size: 3.4Kb)




Edit The State
05 Sep 2013
Morning fog replaced by mostly sunny with ......(size: 0.2Kb)
Edit BBC News
05 Sep 2013
He said ... The search for the plane, which came down five miles west of the island's airport, involved 20 vessels and three aircraft but was hindered by fog. ....(size: 1.0Kb)
Edit Sydney Morning Herald
05 Sep 2013
The Gatekeepers."/> Click to play video. Return to video Video settings. Please Log in to update your video settings ... More video Recommended ... Moreh has learned something from Errol Morris (The Fog of War) about how to impart information while at the same time raising more abstract questions about morality and truth....(size: 1.6Kb)
Edit Indianapolis Star
05 Sep 2013
Carmel Clay school officials said Wednesday that MRSA skin infections at the high school are contained after two cases were confirmed over the weekend. Last week, athletic trainers noticed that several students had inflamed skin abrasions resembling the potentially life-threatening staph infection that is resistant to certain antibiotics ... St ... Locker rooms at the high school were disinfected using a fogging system, Reynolds said ... ....(size: 2.0Kb)
Edit Seattle Post
05 Sep 2013
Disney's Bi-Coastal Event planned for September 13th will begin the 6-week Halloween Season at Disneyland in Anaheim California. LaDiscountTickets.com provides exclusive discount tickets to this event. Anaheim, CA (PRWEB) September 04, 2013. Tis the spooktacular season at Disney, and with the change comes new events and opportunities ... The atmosphere will be defined by cobwebs, fog, witches, and eerie lighting effects....(size: 1.9Kb)
Edit Houston Chronicle
05 Sep 2013
Disney's Bi-Coastal Event planned for September 13th will begin the 6-week Halloween Season at Disneyland in Anaheim California. LaDiscountTickets.com provides exclusive discount tickets to this event. Anaheim, CA (PRWEB) September 04, 2013. Tis the spooktacular season at Disney, and with the change comes new events and opportunities ... The atmosphere will be defined by cobwebs, fog, witches, and eerie lighting effects....(size: 1.9Kb)
Edit The Examiner
05 Sep 2013
Constantly pulling at a pair of kneepads that are a size too small and rubbing your skin raw ... Presently into its second season the show explores the theory (and after all, the paranormal is a hodge podge of theories) of miners from the fog of the past that have invested their sweat, labor, and literal souls in their drive for success, consequently leaving something of themselves behind after their mortal bodies perished....(size: 2.8Kb)
Edit Canberra Times
05 Sep 2013
Win a family pass to Elohgulp!. Ever wondered what happens to all the sudsy gludsy stuff that goes down the plughole? Where does it all end up? Michael Francis Willoughby is about to find out and audiences are invited to join him when Canberra’s own Jigsaw Theatre and the Canberra Theatre Centre present Michael Francis Willoughby in Elohgulp at The Courtyard Studio from 28 September ...   ... Fog/haze effects ... ....(size: 2.5Kb)
Edit Mashable
05 Sep 2013
As NASA continues to plan out its ambitious mission to snag an asteroid and park it near the moon, the space agency will consider nearly 100 ideas submitted by potential partners ... "We're making great progress on formulating this mission, and we look forward to discussing further the responses we received to the RFI." ... 30 through Oct ... Image ... Apollo 16 Astronauts Inspect Lunar Rover Ghostly Moon 'Fog Bow' Glows Over Finland Lake (Photo)....(size: 2.7Kb)
Edit BBC News
05 Sep 2013
There is a hint of fog and morning dew as Irish soldiers take cover from mortar and gun fire behind hedges and trees in the Wicklow mountains. They are training to get ready for their United Nations mission in the Middle East. Their destination is the Golan Heights, a small mountainous area in south-western Syria currently occupied by Israel. Lieutenant-Colonel Brendan Delaney will be leading the operation ... ....(size: 3.2Kb)
Edit Dawn
05 Sep 2013
VENICE, Sept 4. As the US mulls intervening in the Middle East again, former defence secretary Donald Rumsfeld wriggles out of straight answers on the Iraq war in Errol Morris’s new documentary, screening in Venice on Wednesday. “The Unknown Known” takes its title from a 2002 speech Rumsfeld gave to justify the invasion ... Unlike the director’s 2003 “The Fog of War” documentary about the career of Robert S ... “I contradict him quite often ... ....(size: 3.3Kb)
Edit San Francisco Chronicle
05 Sep 2013
In 2007, then-House Speaker Nancy Pelosi led a congressional visit to Damascus where she met with President Bashar Assad. "We came in friendship, hope, and determined that the road to Damascus is a road to peace," Pelosi famously proclaimed. She met with Assad in defiance of President George W ... Now Pelosi supports the use of military force against Damascus ... U.S ... 21." ... They're like the San Francisco fog coming in on little cat feet ... I ask....(size: 3.3Kb)
Edit The Examiner
05 Sep 2013
There is a definite sense of history that you can feel under your feet when you walk or drive on N. Beachwood Drive, located just under the Hollywood sign. The street lamps are old and beautiful and the canyon itself is its own little community. . N ... So far, Mr ... Fog sets in and the street virtually empty, but bright, with people who have to walk their dogs bundled up in scarfs and gloves.  ... Link. ....(size: 3.9Kb)
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Fog is a collection of liquid water droplets or ice crystals suspended in the air at or near the Earth's surface.[1] While fog is a type of stratus cloud, the term "fog" is typically distinguished from the more generic term "cloud" in that fog is low-lying, and the moisture in the fog is often generated locally (such as from a nearby body of water, like a lake or the ocean, or from nearby moist ground or marshes).[2] Fog is distinguished from mist only by its density, as expressed in the resulting decrease in visibility: Fog reduces visibility to less than 1 km (5/8 statute mile), whereas mist reduces visibility to no less than 1 km .[3] For aviation purposes in the UK, a visibility of less than 5 km but greater than 999 m is considered to be mist if the relative humidity is 70% or greater – below 70% haze is reported;but is between 5000 m to zero m[4].[citation needed].

The foggiest place in the world is the Grand Banks off the island of Newfoundland, the meeting place of the cold Labrador Current from the north and the much warmer Gulf Stream from the south. Some of the foggiest land areas in the world include Argentia, Newfoundland and Point Reyes, California, each with over 200 foggy days per year. Even in generally warmer southern Europe, thick fog and localized fog is often found in lowlands and valleys, such as the lower part of the Po Valley and the Arno and Tiber valleys in Italy or Ebro Valley in northeastern Iberia, as well as on the Swiss plateau, especially in the Seeland area, in late autumn and winter.[citation needed] Other notably foggy areas include coastal Chile (in the south), coastal Namibia, and the Severnaya Zemlya islands.[5]

Contents

Characteristics[link]

Fog forms when the difference between temperature and dew point is generally less than 2.5 °C or 4 °F.[6]

Forming process of light fog above a ditch, where there is a relative humidity near 100%.

Fog begins to form when water vapor condenses into tiny liquid water droplets in the air. The main ways water vapor is added to the air: wind convergence into areas of upward motion,[7] precipitation or virga falling from above,[8] daytime heating evaporating water from the surface of oceans, water bodies or wet land,[9] transpiration from plants,[10] cool or dry air moving over warmer water,[11] and lifting air over mountains.[12] Water vapor normally begins to condense on condensation nuclei such as dust, ice, and salt in order to form clouds.[13][14] Fog, like its slightly elevated cousin stratus, is a stable cloud deck which tends to form when a cool, stable air mass is trapped underneath a warm air mass.[15]

Fog normally occurs at a relative humidity near 100%.[16] This can be achieved by either adding moisture to the air or dropping the ambient air temperature.[16] Fog can form at lower humidities, and fog can sometimes not form with relative humidity at 100%. A reading of 100% relative humidity means that the air can hold no additional moisture; the air will become supersaturated if additional moisture is added.

Fog can form suddenly, and can dissipate just as rapidly, depending what side of the dew point the temperature is on. This phenomenon is known as flash fog.[17]

Another common type of formation is associated with sea fog (also known as haar or fret). This is due to the peculiar effect of salt. Clouds of all types require minute hygroscopic particles upon which water vapor can condense. Over the ocean surface, the most common particles are salt from salt spray produced by breaking waves. Except in areas of storminess, the most common areas of breaking waves are located near coastlines, hence the greatest densities of airborne salt particles are there. Condensation on salt particles has been observed to occur at humidities as low as 70%, thus fog can occur even in relatively dry air in suitable locations such as the California coast. Typically, such lower humidity fog is preceded by a transparent mistiness along the coastline as condensation competes with evaporation, a phenomenon that is typically noticeable by beachgoers in the afternoon. Another recently-discovered source of condensation nuclei for coastal fog is kelp. Researchers have found that under stress (intense sunlight, strong evaporation, etc.), kelp release particles of iodine which in turn become nuclei for condensation of water vapor.[18]

Fog commonly produces precipitation in the form of drizzle or very light snow. Drizzle occurs when the humidity of fog attains 100% and the minute cloud droplets begin to coalesce into larger droplets.[19] This can occur when the fog layer is lifted and cooled sufficiently, or when it is forcibly compressed from above. Drizzle becomes freezing drizzle when the temperature at the surface drops below the freezing point.

The thickness of fog is largely determined by the altitude of the inversion boundary, which in coastal or oceanic locales is also the top of the marine layer, above which the airmass is warmer and drier. The inversion boundary varies its altitude primarily in response to the weight of the air above it which is measured in terms of atmospheric pressure. The marine layer and any fogbank it may contain will be "squashed" when the pressure is high, and conversely, may expand upwards when the pressure above it is lowering.

Visibility hazard[link]

File:Dense Tule fog in Bakersfield, California.jpg
Dense Tule fog in Bakersfield, California. Visibility in this photo is less than 500 feet (150 metres).
Light fog reducing visibility on a suburban street. The cyclist is very hazy at about 200m (219 yards). The limit of visibility is about 400m (437 yards), which is before the end of the street.

Shadows[link]

Shadows are cast through fog in three dimensions. The fog is dense enough to be illuminated by light that passes through gaps in a structure or tree, but thin enough to let a large quantity of that light pass through to illuminate points further on. As a result, object shadows appear as "beams" oriented in a direction parallel to the light source. These voluminous shadows are due to the same cause as crepuscular rays, which are the shadows of clouds, but in this case, they are the shadows of solid objects.

[edit] Types

Fog can form in a number of ways, depending on how the cooling that caused the condensation occurred:

File:FogParticles.jpg
Minute particles of water constitute this after dark radiation fog in Oregon with the ambient temperature −2 °C (28 °F).
File:FogParticlesHighSpeed.jpg
High speed photo of the above.

Radiation fog is formed by the cooling of land after sunset by thermal radiation in calm conditions with clear sky.

The cool ground produces condensation in the nearby air by heat conduction. In perfect calm the fog layer can be less than a meter deep but turbulence can promote a thicker layer. Radiation fogs occur at night, and usually do not last long after sunrise, though can persist all day in the winter months especially in areas bounded by high ground such as the Vale of York in England. Radiation fog is most common in autumn and early winter. Examples of this phenomenon include the Tule fog.[20]

Ground fog is fog that obscures less than 60% of the sky and does not extend to the base of any overhead clouds.[21] However, the term is sometimes used to refer to radiation fog.

Advection fog occurs when moist air passes over a cool surface by advection (wind) and is cooled.[22] It is common as a warm front passes over an area with significant snowpack. It is most common at sea when tropical air encounters cooler waters, including areas of cold water upwelling, such as along the California coast. The advection of fog along the California coastline is propelled onto land by one of several processes. A cold front can push the marine layer coastward, an occurrence most typical in the spring or late fall. During the summer months, a low pressure trough produced by intense heating inland creates a strong pressure gradient, drawing in the dense marine layer. Also during the summer, strong high pressure aloft over the desert southwest, usually in connection with the summer monsoon, produces a south to southeasterly flow which can drive the offshore marine layer up the coastline; a phenomenon known as a "southerly surge", typically following a coastal heat spell. However, if the monsoonal flow is sufficiently turbulent, it might instead break up the marine layer and any fog it may contain. Moderate turbulence will typically transform a fog bank, lifting it and breaking it up into shallow convective clouds called stratocumulus.

Sea smoke, also called steam fog or evaporation fog, is the most localized form and is created by cold air passing over warmer water or moist land.[23] It often causes freezing fog, or sometimes hoar frost.

Arctic sea smoke is similar to sea smoke, but occurs when the air is very cold. Instead of condensing into water droplets, the evaporating water sublimates into ice crystals.

Precipitation fog (or frontal fog) forms as precipitation falls into drier air below the cloud, the liquid droplets evaporate into water vapor. The water vapor cools and at the dewpoint it condenses and fog forms.

Upslope fog or hill fog forms when winds blow air up a slope (called orographic lift), adiabatically cooling it as it rises, and causing the moisture in it to condense. This often causes freezing fog on mountaintops, where the cloud ceiling would not otherwise be low enough.

Valley fog forms in mountain valleys, often during winter. It is the result of a temperature inversion caused by heavier cold air settling into a valley, with warmer air passing over the mountains above. It is essentially radiation fog confined by local topography, and can last for several days in calm conditions. In California's Central Valley, valley fog is often referred to as Tule fog.

Freezing fog occurs when liquid fog droplets freeze to surfaces, forming white soft or hard rime.[23] This is very common on mountain tops which are exposed to low clouds. It is equivalent to freezing rain, and essentially the same as the ice that forms inside a freezer which is not of the "frostless" or "frost-free" type. The term "freezing fog" may also refer to fog where water vapor is super-cooled, filling the air with small ice crystals similar to very light snow. It seems to make the fog "tangible", as if one could "grab a handful".

Frozen fog (also known as ice fog) is any kind of fog where the droplets have frozen into extremely tiny crystals of ice in midair. Generally this requires temperatures at or below −35 °C (−30 °F), making it common only in and near the Arctic and Antarctic regions.[24] It is most often seen in urban areas where it is created by the freezing of water vapor present in automobile exhaust and combustion products from heating and power generation. Urban ice fog can become extremely dense and will persist day and night until the temperature rises. Extremely small amounts of ice fog falling from the sky form a type of precipitation called ice crystals, often reported in Barrow, Alaska. Ice fog often leads to the visual phenomenon of light pillars.

The phenomenon is also extremely common in the inland areas of the Pacific Northwest that, with temperatures in the 10 to 30 °F (−1 °C) range. The Columbia Plateau experiences this phenomenon most years due to temperature inversions, sometimes lasting for as long as three weeks. The fog typically begins forming around the area of the Columbia River and expands, sometimes covering the land to distances as far away as LaPine, Oregon, almost 150 miles due south of the River and into south central Washington.

Artificial fog is artificially generated fog that is usually created by vaporizing a water and glycol-based or glycerine-based fluid. The fluid is injected into a heated block, and evaporates quickly. The resulting pressure forces the vapor out of the exit. Upon coming into contact with cool outside air the vapor condenses and appears as fog.[25]

Garua fog is a type of fog which happens to occur by the coast of Chile and Peru.[26] The normal fog produced by the sea travels inland, but suddenly meets an area of hot air. This causes the water particles of fog to shrink by evaporation, producing a transparent mist. Garua fog is nearly invisible, yet it still forces drivers to use windshield wipers.

Hail fog sometimes occurs in the vicinity of significant hail accumulations due to decreased temperature and increased moisture leading to saturation in a very shallow layer near the surface. It most often occurs when there is a warm, humid layer atop the hail and when wind is light. This ground fog tends to be localized but can be extremely dense and abrupt. It may form shortly after the hail falls; when the hail has had time to cool the air and as it absorbs heat when melting and evaporating.[27]

Biological and human uses[link]

Redwood forests in California receive approximately 30 to 40 percent of their moisture from coastal fog. Change in climate patterns could result in relative drought in these areas.[28] Some coastal communities use fog nets to extract moisture from the atmosphere where groundwater pumping and rainwater collection are insufficient.

Other pictures[link]

See also[link]

Technology[link]

Weather[link]

Notes[link]

  1. ^ "The international definition of fog consists of a suspended collection of water droplets or ice crystal near the Earth's surface ..." Fog and Boundary Layer Clouds: Fog Visibility and Forecasting. Gultepe, Ismail, ed. Reprint from Pure and Applied Geophysics Vol 164 (2007) No. 6-7. ISBN 978-3-7643-8418-0. p. 1126; see Google Books Accessed 2010-08-01.
  2. ^ Use of the term "fog" to mean any cloud that is at or near the Earth's surface can result in ambiguity as when, for example, a stratocumulus cloud covers a mountaintop. An observer on the mountain may say that he or she is in a fog, however, to outside observers a cloud is covering the mountain. "Standard practice for the design and operation of supercooled fog dispersal projects" Thomas, P. (2005) p. 3. ISBN 0-7844-0795-9 See Google Books. Accessed 2010-08-01. Further distinguishing the terms, fog rarely results in rain, while clouds are the common source of rain.
  3. ^ "Federal Meteorological Handbook Number 1: Chapter 8 – Present Weather". Office of the Federal Coordinator for Meteorology. 1 September 2005. pp. 8–1, 8–2. http://www.ofcm.gov/fmh-1/pdf/H-CH8.pdf. Retrieved 9 October 2010. 
  4. ^ annex 3 Seventeenth Edition July 2010
  5. ^ "Q: What are some of the foggiest locations in the world?". USA Today. 
  6. ^ "Fog – AMS Glossary". http://amsglossary.allenpress.com/glossary/search?id=fog1. Retrieved 14 February 2009. 
  7. ^ Robert Penrose Pearce (2002). Meteorology at the Millennium. Academic Press. p. 66. ISBN 978-0-12-548035-2. http://books.google.com/?id=QECy_UBdyrcC&pg=PA66&lpg=PA66&dq=ways+to+moisten+the+atmosphere. Retrieved 2 January 2009. 
  8. ^ National Weather Service Office, Spokane, Washington (2009). "Virga and Dry Thunderstorms". http://www.wrh.noaa.gov/otx/outreach/ttalk/virga.php. Retrieved 2 January 2009. 
  9. ^ Bart van den Hurk and Eleanor Blyth (2008). "Global maps of Local Land-Atmosphere coupling". KNMI. http://www.knmi.nl/~hurkvd/Loco_workshop/Workshop_report.pdf. Retrieved 2 January 2009. 
  10. ^ Krishna Ramanujan and Brad Bohlander (2002). "Landcover changes may rival greenhouse gases as cause of climate change". National Aeronautics and Space Administration Goddard Space Flight Center. Archived from the original on 3 June 2008. http://web.archive.org/web/20080603022239/http://www.gsfc.nasa.gov/topstory/20020926landcover.html. Retrieved 2 January 2009. 
  11. ^ National Weather Service JetStream (2008). "Air Masses". http://www.srh.weather.gov/srh/jetstream/synoptic/airmass.htm. Retrieved 2 January 2009. 
  12. ^ Dr. Michael Pidwirny (2008). "CHAPTER 8: Introduction to the Hydrosphere (e). Cloud Formation Processes". Physical Geography. http://www.physicalgeography.net/fundamentals/8e.html. Retrieved 1 January 2009. 
  13. ^ Glossary of Meteorology (June 2000). "Front". American Meteorological Society. http://amsglossary.allenpress.com/glossary/search?id=front1. Retrieved 29 January 2010. 
  14. ^ David M. Roth (14 December 2006). "Unified Surface Analysis Manual". Hydrometeorological Prediction Center. http://www.hpc.ncep.noaa.gov/sfc/UASfcManualVersion1.pdf. Retrieved 9 October 2010. 
  15. ^ FMI (2007). "Fog And Stratus – Meteorological Physical Background". Zentralanstalt für Meteorologie und Geodynamik. http://www.zamg.ac.at/docu/Manual/SatManu/main.htm?/docu/Manual/SatManu/CMs/FgStr/backgr.htm. Retrieved 7 February 2009. 
  16. ^ a b Gleissman, 2007, p. 73
  17. ^ Miles, Kathy (October 2007). Just About Everything You Wanted to Know about Fog. Starryskies.com.
  18. ^ Stressed seaweed contributes to cloudy coastal skies, study suggests, eurekalert.org
  19. ^ Allred, 2009, p. 99.
  20. ^ Cox, Robert E. Applying Fog Forecasting Techniques using AWIPS and the Internet. National Weather Service, 2007. nwas.org
  21. ^ Climate education update: News and information about climate change for teachers and students. Atmospheric Radiation Measurement. Climate Research Facility. U.S. Department of Energy. education.arm.gov
  22. ^ Frost, 2004, p. 22.
  23. ^ a b Understanding Weather – Fog. BBC Weather. bbc.co.uk
  24. ^ Haby, Jeff. What is the difference between ice fog and freezing fog? theweatherprediction.com
  25. ^ Karukstis; Van Hecke, 2003, p.23.
  26. ^ Cowling; Richardson; Pierce, 2004, p. 192.
  27. ^ Marshall; Hoadley, 1995.
  28. ^ "Fog Fluctuations Could Threaten Giant Redwoods". http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=123771983&ft=1&f=1001. 

References[link]

  • Ahrens, C. (1991). Meteorology today: an introduction to weather, climate, and the environment. West Pub. Co. ISBN 978-0-314-80905-6.
  • Allred, Lance (2009). Enchanted Rock: A Natural and Human History. University of Texas Press.
  • Cowling, R. M., Richardson, D. M., Pierce, S. M. (2004). Vegetation of Southern Africa. Cambridge University Press.
  • Filonczuk, Maria K., Cayan, Daniel R., Riddle, Laurence G. (1995). Variability of marine fog along the California coast. SIO-Reference, No 95-2, Climate Research Division, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego.
  • Frost, H. (2004). Fog. Capstone Press. ISBN 978-0-7368-2093-6.
  • Gleissman, Stephe (2007). Agroecology: the ecology of sustainable food systems. CRC Press.
  • Karukstis, K. K., Van Hecke, G. R. (2003). Chemistry connections: the basis of everyday phonemena. Academic Press.
  • Marshall, T., Hoadley, D. (1995). Storm Talk. Tim Marshall.

External links[link]

http://wn.com/Fog




This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fog

This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.


Machel Montano

Machel Montano performing in 2007
Background information
Also known as Lyrics Machel
Born (1974-11-24) 24 November 1974 (age 37)
Carenage, Trinidad and Tobago
Origin Couva, Trinidad and Tobago
Genres Soca
Occupations Musician, producer, Song-writer
Instruments Vocals, guitar, keyboards, percussion
Years active 1982–present
Associated acts Xtatik, Destra Garcia, Farmer Nappy, Patrice Roberts, Zan
Website www.machelmontano.com

Machel Montano (born 24 November 1974, Trinidad and Tobago)[1] is a soca singer, record producer and songwriter based in Trinidad and Tobago.

He is the frontman of the popular soca band The HD Family, and is noted for his high energy, fast-paced, and often unpredictable on-stage performances. During his career, which spans over 30 years, he has recorded several songs alongside many of Caribbean music's most popular acts, such as Lerone Guy of St Anthonys College, Alison Hinds, Beenie Man, Calypso Rose, Burning Flames, Drupatee, Wyclef Jean, Canibus, Red Rat, Shaggy, Sparrow, Denise Belfon, Ken Marlon Charles (KMC), Destra, Walker Hornung, Vybz Kartel, Mohombi, G-Unit, Black Stalin, David Rudder, Buju Banton, Mr. Vegas, Doug E. Fresh, Pitbull and many others. In 1987 he was the youngest finalist to ever win the Caribbean Song Festival. He now stands as one of the most well-known soca acts in the world, using his leverage as an artist able to sell-out shows. Recently he has moved to the Los Angeles area and furthered his pursuit saying "I may not be the one to bring it forth, but in the meantime, I have a lot of work to do in order for something to happen". He is very well known in New York and has had sold out concerts in Madison Square Gardens many times over.[2]

Contents

Early career[link]

Born in Carenage (West Trinidad), his family moved to Siparia, South Trinidad when he was very young. Machel attended Siparia Boys' R.C., then Presentation College, San Fernando, a prestigious secondary school in San Fernando, South Trinidad where he was in the choir led by Mrs. Cynthia Lee-Mack. Machel first shot to fame as a 9 year-old boy with the song "Too Young To Soca" while he was still in primary school. In 1984, along with his older brother Marcus and neighbours the group Pranasonic Express was started and in 1989, the band became Xtatik.

Machel is father to three children. Nicholas(13) his son, Melanie (12) and Malaya Journey (11), his daughters.

Machel Montano HD - his concepts[link]

Machel (center) performing on stage alongside Zan (left) and Farmer Nappy (right)

The band developed and was re-invented by its leader Montano several times as Xtatik 5.0, The Xtatik Circus, Xtatik The Road Marching Band, The Band of the Year and many others. Every year Machel has a battle in Zen to keep his band and his performances fresh. From 2007 they are known as Machel Montano HD (High Definition) and he promotes the concept by saying that he is the first human being to go HD. He claims this is a representation of the evolution of his music over the last 25 years and highly improved style in which his music shall be presented to his fans over radio formats, television, and during live performances. He is part of a campaign in Trinidad and Tobago to promoting safe driving - "Arrive Alive". Part of the hype surrounding Montano since 2007 is his HD tour bus, a 20-year-old bus from the Public Transport Service Corporation (PTSC) which was re-done and includes a bedroom, bathroom facilities, flat screen TVs, Internet access and expansive audio systems. After the bus' debut in 2007, it was re-painted for 2008, the new images of Machel matching various photos of him from the album artwork of his 2008 CD, Flame on. The bus featured heavily in his videos for "Jumbie" - 2007 and "Rollin/Blazin d Trail" - 2008. In 2012 Macheal Montano won the Road March, Power Soca Monarch and the Groovy Soca Monarch. He won the acclaimed the Road March with his song "Pump yuh Flag" and he won the Groovy Soca Monarch with his rendition "Mr.Fete". THe singer recently launced the music video to his hit single "Bottle Of Rum" in May,2012.

Machel Montano performing at a fete at Brian Lara's house in Barbados (2008)

Xtatik's music[link]

In the last few years the band has risen to a new level of musicality as each performance is very tight musically and has foreign influences such as Ernesto Luis Gutirrez, its Venezuelan percussionist, Shawn Mitchell, bassist from Grenada and musicians from Barbados. Kernal Roberts, the son of the late Lord Kitchener (calypsonian) has picked up the role as Xtatik's drummer and musical director and has brought new life to the band.

Montano was also instrumental in the promotion of soca music in the United Kingdom on the British Broadcasting Corporations' black music digital radio station 1Xtra, where he co-presented the International Sounds of Soca show for four years with DJ Slic. He has released many successful singles, with and without Xtatik, during his career, such as "Big Truck" (Xtatik's most successful single, which won the Road March title in 1997), "Outa Space" (with Beenie Man), "Music Farm" (Xtatik), "It's Carnival" (with Destra), and his most recent back to back Road March title wins for 2006, "Band Of The Year" (with Patrice Roberts) and 2007, "Jumbie".

His 2008 album Flame On, was released in February 2008 and featured collaborations with some of the most esteemed artistes in calypso such as David Rudder on "Oil and Music" and The Mighty Sparrow on "Congo Man". These two collaborations were well-received all around, especially "Congo Man".

Flame On also includes collaborations with other well-known artistes from various genres including soca, reggae, rap and reggaeton. Examples of these partnerships can be heard on the following tracks: Patrice Roberts on "Rollin", Shaggy on "Wining Season", Buju Banton on "Make Love" and finally Lil Jon and Pitbull on "Defense (The Anthem)".

Flame On displays the very strong relationship between Machel Montano and Kernal Roberts, his right-hand man. Roberts was involved in the writing of eight out the 13 tracks on the album.

In Trinidad's Carnival Road March Competition for Carnival 2008, Montano's song "Blazin d Trail" placed third even though it was a crowd favourite[citation needed] when it was played at Carnival fetes during the Carnival season of 2008.

In 2011, Machel won the International Soca Monarch competition defeating the likes of Iwer George (2nd) and Bunji Garlin (3rd) after a fierce night of competition. In the end, Machel walked away with the TT$2 million dollar prize and the first International Soca Monarch title of his career. He then went on to win the Carnival Road March title with the same hit 'Advantage' by a landslide victory.

In 2012,Machel once again won the International Power Soca Monarch with the song "Pump Yuh Flag" beating Iwer George (2nd) Who sang a rendition of the song he did last year. Destra Garcia finished(3rd). Montano once again received the TT$2 million dollar prize and title. Also he entered the Groovy Soca Monarch and was victorious beating out reigning Groovy Soca Monarch King Kes Diffenthaller and crowd favorite Kerwin Du Bois (2nd). Topping off the Carnival Season In Trinidad & Tobago, he Won the Road March Title(Pump Yuh Flag-Played 233 Times) Beating Fay-ann Lyons(96) & Iwer George(84). Montano's last two years have been the most successful of his career and most attribute it to his strong work ethic, relationship with current manager, James Walton and mother Liz Montano.

Discography[link]

Patrice Roberts (left) and Machel perform at UWI Splash in Chaguaramas, Trinidad.
Machel and his band perform in front of a live audience at a fete

Solo albums[link]

Xtatik albums[link]

References[link]

  1. ^ Thompson, Dave (2002) Reggae & Caribbean Music, Backbeat Books, ISBN 0-87930-655-6, p. 300-301
  2. ^ New York Amsterdam News, Vol. 98, Issue 39, Pages 24-25 9/20/2007

External links[link]

http://wn.com/Machel_Montano




This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Machel_Montano

This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.


Nosaj Thing
File:Jasonchung.jpg
Background information
Origin Los Angeles, California, United States
Genres Electronica, IDM, experimental music, instrumental hip hop
Occupations Producer
Years active 1999-present
Labels Alpha Pup Records
Associated acts Busdriver, Nocando, Daddy Kev
Website nosajthing.com

Nosaj Thing (born Jason Chung) is an American electronic musician based in Los Angeles, California.

Contents

History[link]

Nosaj Thing was involved in music at a young age and hip hop has had a profound influence on his music. At the age of 12, he learned the basics of turntables and began to produce on the computer shortly after. Nosaj Thing has since played at various shows and festivals including Sónar Festival[1] and Coachella Valley Music and Arts Festival in Indio, California.

He self-released the first EP Views/Octopus in 2006. He released the debut album Drift on Alpha Pup Records in 2009.[2][3][4][5][6] In 2011, rapper Kendrick Lamar released a single titled "Cloud 10," produced by Nosaj Thing. The song was recorded for Windows Phone promotion.[7]

Legacy[link]

The track "Aquarium" from the EP Views/Octopus was used by rapper Kid Cudi in "Man on the Moon (The Anthem)" from the mixtape A Kid Named Cudi.

Discography[link]

Albums[link]

  • Drift (2009)
  • Drift Remixed (2010)[8]

EPs[link]

  • Views/Octopus (2006)

Productions[link]

Remixes[link]

References[link]

External links[link]


http://wn.com/Nosaj_Thing




This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nosaj_Thing

This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.


Jamie xx

Jamie xx performing at the Classic Car Club in Shoreditch, London on 22 September 2011
Background information
Birth name Jamie Smith
Origin London, England
Genres Indie pop, electronic music, post-dubstep
Occupations Producer, remix artist, DJ
Instruments Sampler, drums, steel drums, turntable, personal computer, percussion
Years active 2005–present
Labels XL Recordings, Young Turks
Associated acts The xx, Gil Scott-Heron, Drake, Noah "40" Shebib, Florence and the Machine, Adele, Rihanna
Website www.jamiexx.com

Jamie Smith (known by the stage name Jamie xx) is an English music producer and remix artist, who gained fame both as solo act and as a member of the London-based band The xx.

Contents

Career[link]

2007 - 2009[link]

Smith's musical career began in 2007 when he joined The xx accompanying old school friends Romy Madley Croft, Oliver Sim, Baria Qureshi of the Elliott School in London, notable for alumni including Hot Chip, Burial and Four Tet.[1] He first used the stage name Jamie xx in July 2009 in a promotional mix for the band's début album xx released on the FACT mix series of the FACT Magazine.[2] The mixtape was compiled by Jamie Smith and featured amongst others four tracks credited to Jamie xx - one own production and three remixes. The xx album went on to become platinum in the UK.[3] Afterward, Jamie Smith went on to do more remix work for artists like Florence + The Machine, Adele, Jack Peñate and Glasser.[4]

2010- Present[link]

In late 2010, a Jamie xx remix of the song "NY Is Killing Me" from Gil Scott-Heron's last album I'm New Here aired on radio stations across the UK and Europe. The remix of "I'll Take Care Of U" followed in January 2011. Both singles drew the attention of the general public and the critics. They set the way for a 13-track remix album entitled We're New Here, produced entirely by Jamie xx and credited to "Gil Scott-Heron and Jamie xx". The album was released on February 21, 2011 on the XL Records label, but a full album preview could be streamed on the website of The Guardian as early as February 14.[5] We're New Here received positive critical acclaim and was named "masterpiece in its own right" by BBC's Ele Beattie.[6]

On June 6, 2011 the two-track self-produced single "Far Nearer"/"Beat For" was released. The song "Far Nearer" was selected Best New Track by Pitchfork Media,[7] and the double A-side single charted at #128 in the UK singles chart.[8] Later the same year, Smith produced the title track off Drake's second album, Take Care, which features pop singer Rihanna. In addition, Smith helped create several reworks for Radiohead's song "Bloom" which were released on a remix album entitled TKOL RMX 1234567.

Discography[link]

[edit] With The xx

Solo Work[link]

Singles[link]

Year Title Peak Chart Positions Album
UK
2010 NY Is Killing Me - We're New Here (with Gil-Scott Heron)
2011 I'll Take Care of U -
Far Nearer/Beat For - Far Nearer/Beat For - Single
"—" denotes releases that did not chart or were not released.

Albums[link]

Year Title Peak chart positions
UK UK Indie UK DIG US BEL
2011 We're New Here
  • Released: 21 February 2011
  • Label: XL, Young Turks
33 4 18 - 44
"—" denotes releases that did not chart or were not released.

Remixes[link]

Year Title Artist
2009 You've Got the Love (Jamie xx Re-work feat. The xx) Florence and the Machine
Tremel (Jamie xx Remix) Glasser
Islands (Jamie xx Remix) The xx
Basic Space (Jamie xx's Space Bass Remix) The xx
2010 Fog (Jamie xx Remix) Nosaj Thing
2011 Rolling in the Deep (Jamie xx Shuffle) Adele
2012 Bloom Radiohead

References[link]

http://wn.com/Jamie_xx




This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamie_xx

This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.


Tariq Ramadan
Born (1962-08-26) August 26, 1962 (age 49)
Geneva, Switzerland
Era 21st-century philosophy
Main interests Islamic studies Theology Philosophy Politics Interfaith dialogue Literature
Website www.tariqramadan.com

Tariq Ramadan (Arabic: طارق رمضان‎; born 26 August 1962 in Geneva, Switzerland) is a Swiss academic and writer. He is also a Professor of Contemporary Islamic Studies in the Faculty of Oriental Studies at Oxford University. He advocates the study and re-interpretation of Islamic texts, and emphasizes the heterogeneous nature of Western Muslims.[1]

Contents

Biography[link]

Tariq Ramadan (at table, right) speaking in Oxford.

Tariq Ramadan is the son of Said Ramadan and Wafa Al-Bana, who was the eldest daughter of Hassan al Banna, who in 1928 founded the Muslim Brotherhood in Egypt. Gamal al-Banna, the liberal Muslim reformer is his great-uncle. His father was a prominent figure in the Muslim Brotherhood and was exiled by Gamal Abdul Nasser[2] from Egypt to Switzerland, where Tariq was born.

Tariq Ramadan studied Philosophy and French literature at the Masters level and holds a PhD in Arabic and Islamic studies from the University of Geneva. He also wrote a PhD dissertation on Friedrich Nietzsche, entitled Nietzsche as a Historian of Philosophy.[3]

He taught at the College de Saussure, a high school in Geneva, Switzerland, and held a lectureship in Religion and Philosophy at the University of Fribourg from 1996 to 2003. In October 2005 he began teaching at St Antony's College at the University of Oxford on a Visiting Fellowship. In 2005 he was a senior research fellow at the Lokahi Foundation.[4][5] In 2007 he successfully applied for the professorship in Islamic studies at the University of Leiden, but then declined to take up the position, citing professional reasons.[6][7] He was also a guest professor of Identity and Citizenship at Erasmus University Rotterdam,[8][9][10] till August 2009 when the City of Rotterdam and Erasmus University dismissed him from his positions as "integration adviser" and professor, stating that the program he chairs on Iran's Press TV, Islam & Life, was "irreconcilable" with his duties in Rotterdam.[11][12] Ramadan described this move as Islamophobic and politically charged.[13] Beginning September 2009, Ramadan, was appointed to the His Highness Hamad Bin Khalifa Al-Thani Chair in Contemporary Islamic Studies at Oxford University.[14]

Ramadan established the Mouvement des Musulmans Suisses (Movement of Swiss Muslims), which engages in various interfaith seminars. He is an advisor to the EU on religious issues and was sought for advice by the EU on a commission on “Islam and Secularism”.In September 2005 he was invited to join a task force by the government of the United Kingdom.[2] He is also the President of the Euro-Muslim Network, a Brussels-based think-tank.[15]

He is widely interviewed and has produced about 100 tapes which sell tens of thousands of copies each year.[16]

As of 2009, Tariq Ramadan was persona non grata in Tunisia, Egypt, Saudi Arabia,[17] Libya and Syria because of his "criticism of these undemocratic regimes that deny the most basic human rights".[18]

U.S. visa revocation and subsequent lifting[link]

In February 2004, Tariq Ramadan accepted the tenured position of Henry R. Luce Professor of Religion, Conflict and Peacebuilding at the Joan B. Kroc Institute for International Peace Studies, at the University of Notre Dame in South Bend, Indiana, United States. He was granted a nonimmigrant visa on May 5, however, on July 28, his H-1B visa was revoked by the State Department.[19] In August 2004, spokesman for U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement cited the "ideological exclusion provision" of the USA PATRIOT Act as the grounds for Ramadan's visa revocation.[20] In October, the University of Notre Dame filed a H-1B petition on Ramadan's behalf. After hearing no response from the government by December, Ramadan resigned his position from the university.

In September 2005, Ramadan filed an application for a B Visa to allow him to participate at speaking arrangements with various organizations and universities. The government did not issue a decision on Ramadan's visa application, so the American Civil Liberties Union and the New York Civil Liberties Union filed a lawsuit on January 25, 2006 against the United States government on behalf of the American Academy of Religion, the American Association of University Professors and the PEN American Center – three groups who had planned on meeting with Ramadan in the US – for revoking Ramadan's visa under the "ideological exclusion provision". The ACLU and NYCLU argued that the ideological exclusion provision was in violation of the First Amendment and Fifth Amendment rights of those three groups and that the government's actions violated the Administrative Procedures Act.[21] After two months had passed without a decision being made, the plaintiffs filed a motion for a preliminary injunction. Pursuant to the injunction, the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York ordered the government on June 23, 2006 to issue its decision on Ramadan's pending B Visa application within 90 days.[22]

On September 19, 2006, the government formally denied Ramadan's visa application. A State Department statement said: "A U.S. consular officer has denied Dr. Tariq Ramadan's visa application. The consular officer concluded that Dr. Ramadan was inadmissible based solely on his actions, which constituted providing material support to a terrorist organization."[23][24] Between December 1998 and July 2002, Ramadan had given donations totalling $940 to two charity organizations, the Committee for Charity and Support for the Palestinians (CBSP) or Comité de Bienfaisance et de Secours aux Palestiniens and the Association de Secours Palestinien.[25] The United States Treasury designated both the CBSP and ASP terrorist fundraising organizations for their alleged links to Hamas on August 22, 2003.[26] The U.S. Embassy told Ramadan that he "reasonably should have known" that the charities provided money to Hamas. In an article in The Washington Post, Ramadan asked: "How should I reasonably have known of their activities before the U.S. government itself knew?"[25][27][28][29]

On February 2, 2007, the ACLU and NYCLU amended their complaint, arguing that the government's explanation for denying Ramadan's visa application was not "facially legitimate and bona fide" and that the ideological exclusion provision of the PATRIOT Act was in violation of the First and Fifth Amendments. They also argued that Ramadan's denial violated the First Amendment rights of those who wanted to hear him speak. In his decision on December 20, 2007, District Judge Paul A. Crotty ruled that the government's justification for denying Ramadan's visa was "facially legitimate and bona fide" and noted that the Court "has no authority to override the Government's consular decision".[30]

In January 2008, the ACLU appealed Crotty's ruling. Jameel Jaffer, Director of the ACLU National Security Project and lead attorney in the case, stated:

"The government's shifting positions only underscore why meaningful judicial review – the kind of oversight that the district court failed to provide – is so important. In Professor Ramadan’s case and many others, the government is using immigration laws to stigmatize and exclude its critics and to censor and control the ideas that Americans can hear. Censorship of this kind is completely inconsistent with the most basic principles of an open society."

Ramadan himself remarked:

"The U.S. government's actions in my case seem, at least to me, to have been arbitrary and myopic. But I am encouraged by the unwavering support I have received from ordinary Americans, civic groups and particularly from scholars, academic organizations, and the ACLU. I am heartened by the emerging debate in the U.S. about what has been happening to our countries and ideals in the past six years. And I am hopeful that eventually I will be allowed to enter the country so that I may contribute to the debate and be enriched by dialogue."[31]

On July 17, 2009, the US federal appeals court reversed the ruling of the lower district court. The three-judge panel on the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit – composed of Judges Jon O. Newman, Wilfred Feinberg and Reena Raggi – ruled that the Court had "jurisdiction to consider the claim, despite the doctrine of consular nonreviewability". They stated that government was required by law to "confront Ramadan with the allegation against him and afford him the subsequent opportunity to demonstrate by clear and convincing evidence that he did not know, and reasonably should not have known, that the recipient of his contributions was a terrorist organization." Under the limited review permitted by the 1972 Supreme Court ruling in Kleindienst v. Mandel, the panel concluded that the "record does not establish that the consular officer who denied the visa confronted Ramadan with the allegation that he had knowingly rendered material support to a terrorist organization, thereby precluding an adequate opportunity for Ramadan to attempt to satisfy the provision that exempts a visa applicant from exclusion under the 'material support' subsection if he 'can demonstrate by clear and convincing evidence that [he] did not know, and should not reasonably have known, that the organization was a terrorist organization.'" Additionally, the panel agreed with the plaintiffs' contention that their First Amendment rights had been violated. The panel remanded the case to a lower court to determine if the consular officer had confronted Ramadan with the "allegation that he knew that ASP provided funds to Hamas and then providing him with a reasonable opportunity to demonstrate, by clear and convincing evidence, that he did not know, and should not have reasonably known, of that fact."[32]

Following the ruling, Ramadan stated, "I am very gratified with the court's decision. I am eager to engage once again with Americans in the kinds of face-to-face discussions that are central to academic exchange and crucial to bridging cultural divides." Melissa Goodman, staff attorney with the ACLU National Security Project, issued a statement saying, "Given today's decision, we hope that the Obama administration will immediately end Professor Ramadan's exclusion. We also encourage the new administration to reconsider the exclusion of other foreign scholars, writers and artists who were barred from the country by the Bush administration on ideological grounds."[33]

On January 20, 2010, after more than five years of waiting, the American State Department has decided, in a document signed by Secretary of State Hillary Clinton, to lift the ban that prohibited Ramadan (as well as Professor Adam Habib from South Africa) from entering the United States. On the lifting of this ban, Ramadan has stated:

Coming after nearly six years of inquiry and investigation, Secretary Clinton’s order confirms what I have affirmed and reaffirmed from day one: the first accusations of terrorist connections (subsequently dropped), then donations to Palestinian solidarity groups, were nothing more than a pretense to prohibit me from speaking critically about American government policy on American soil. The decision brings to an end a dark period in American politics that saw security considerations invoked to block critical debate through a policy of exclusion and baseless allegation.

On April 8, 2010, Ramadan spoke as part of a panel discussion at the Great Hall of Cooper Union in New York City, his first public appearance since the State Department lifted the ban.[34] The group debated the lengths to which Western nations should go to accommodate their Muslim populations.

Views[link]

Ramadan works primarily on Islamic theology and the position of Muslims in the West and within Muslim majority countries. In general, he believes it necessary to interpret the Qur'an, not simply to read the Arabic text, in order to understand its meaning and to practice Islamic philosophy.[35] He also emphasizes the difference between religion and culture, which he believes are too often confused, arguing that citizenship and religion are separate concepts which should not be mixed. He claims that there is no conflict between being both a Muslim and a European; a Muslim must accept the laws of his country. But he is opposed to some politicians or people who try to circumvent or to give a new sense of their own laws.

He believes that Western Muslims must create a "Western Islam" just as there is a separate "Asian Islam" and an "African Islam", which take into account cultural differences.[36] By this he means that European Muslims must re-examine the fundamental texts of Islam (primarily the Qur'an) and interpret them in light of their own cultural background, influenced by European society.

He rejects a binary division of the world into dar al-Islam (the abode of Islam) and dar al-harb (the abode of war), on the grounds that such a division is not mentioned in the Qur'an. He has been also known to cite favourably the Dar al-Da'wa (Abode of Information Dissemination).[37] However, Ramadan has articulated both the "ideological geography" of the West and the duty of da'wa in an original fashion and one that is starkly more pro-integration than the more conservative "loyal resident alienage" articulated by such jurists as al-Qaradawi. For Ramadan, the West is neither the Abode of War nor the Abode of da'wa but "dar al-shahada," the "Abode of Testimony" [to the Islamic Message]. He argues that Muslims are "witnesses before mankind"; they must continue to review the fundamental principles of Islam and take responsibility for their faith.

Importantly, for him the "Islamic message" to which Muslims are expected to bear witness is not primarily the particularist, socially conservative code of traditionalist jurists, but a commitment to universalism and the welfare of non-Muslims; it is also an injunction not merely to make demands on un-Islamic societies but to express solidarity with them.[38][39]

"... the European environment is a space of responsibility for Muslims. This is exactly the meaning of the notion of "space of testimony" [dar al-shahada] that we propose here, a notion that totally reverses perspectives: whereas Muslims have, for years, been wondering whether and how they would be accepted, the in-depth study and evaluation of the Western environment entrusts them, in light of their Islamic frame of reference, with a most important mission... Muslims now attain, in the space of testimony, the meaning of an essential duty and of an exacting responsibility: to contribute, wherever they are, to promoting good and equity within and through human brotherhood. Muslims' outlook must now change from the reality of "protection" alone to that of an authentic "contribution."

He emphasizes a Muslim's responsibility to his community, whether it be Islamic or not. He criticizes the 'us vs. them' mentality that some Muslims advocate against the West. He also advocates having Muslim scholars in the West who are versed in Western mores, and not relying on religious studies that come only from the Islamic world. He wants more Islamic philosophy written in European languages. He thinks that European Muslims' reliance on an "external" Islam, leaves them feeling inadequate and impure, which is one of the main causes of alienation from European culture.

He believes that most Muslims in the West are quietly and successfully integrating into society. The main problems for the community come from those who are ignorant of Western society.

He also worries about Western perceptions of Islam. He says the Muslim community has been bad at representing itself, and that this has allowed westerners to confuse Islam with cultural traits, as well as political problems. For example, he believes that many notionally Islamic countries have governments which betray the principles of Islam.

He believes that the Muslim leadership in Europe is partially responsible for the sometimes shaky relations between Muslims and the rest of society. He believes that they have been overly defensive, and have not properly explained the philosophy of Islam, nor have they engaged sufficiently with non-Muslim society.

He stresses that a Muslim's freedom of religion is very extensive in the West, and that permission for "un-Islamic" activities, such as drinking, or pre-marital sex, does not compel Muslims to do anything. Only a few situations warrant the invocation of the "clause of conscience" which allows a Muslim to make it clear that certain actions or behaviours are in contradiction of their faith. These are, participating in a war whose sole desire is for power or control; fighting or killing a fellow Muslim, unless their attitude is unjust or wrong; participating in an unlawful transaction (such as purchasing insurance, burial, incorrect slaughter). He stresses that in such cases the situation should be carefully analysed, and the degree of compulsion considered. Only non-violence and negotiation are acceptable in these cases.[40]

Ramadan has voiced his opposition to all forms of capital punishment but believes the Muslim world should remove such laws from within, without any Western pressure, as such would only further alienate Muslims, and instead bolster the position of those who support hudud punishments.

He has said "Muslim populations are convincing themselves of the Islamic character of these practices through a rejection of the west, on the basis of a simplistic reasoning that stipulates that 'the less western, the more Islamic'."[41]


Politically, Ramadan was opposed to the 2003 invasion of Iraq. He believes that jihad against the United States military in Iraq was justified as an act of resistance to oppression.

He has condemned suicide bombing and violence as a tactic.[42] Perhaps more importantly, he believes that terrorism is never justifiable, even though it is sometimes understandable.[43]

He was opposed to the French law on secularity and conspicuous religious symbols in schools.

Ramadan wrote that the Muslim response to Pope Benedict XVI's speech on Islam was disproportionate, and was encouraged by reactionary Islamic regimes in order to distract their populations, and that it did not improve the position of Islam in the world.[44]

Ramadan wrote an article entitled, Les (nouveaux) intellectuels communautaires, which French newspapers Le Monde and Le Figaro refused to publish. Oumma.com did eventually publish it. In the article he criticizes a number of French Jewish intellectuals and figures such as Alexandre Adler, Alain Finkielkraut, Bernard-Henri Lévy, André Glucksmann and Bernard Kouchner, for allegedly abandoning universal human rights, and giving special status to the defence of Israel. Ramadan was accused, in return, of having used inflammatory language.[45][46]

Debate[link]

In a French television debate in 2003 with Nicolas Sarkozy, Sarkozy accused Ramadan of defending the stoning of adulterers, a punishment stipulated in the section of the Islamic penal code known as hudud, roots being in Mosaic law as mentioned in the Old Testament of the Bible and not having been abrogated by later revelations, consequently Sura 6 verse 89 of the Quran is interpreted in orthodox Islam as sanctioning the death penalty for certain crimes. Ramadan replied that Sarkozy was wrong. He said that he opposed stoning and that he favored “a moratorium” on such practices to have time to discuss the law outright. Many people, including Sarkozy, were outraged. Ramadan later defended his position arguing that, because it involved religious texts, the law would have to be properly understood and contextualised. Ramadan argued that in Muslim countries, the simple act to "condemn" won't change anything, but with a "moratorium", it could open the way for further debate. He thinks that such a debate can only lead to an abolishment of these rules.[47] He further engaged in similar debates on the issue, notably at the Cambridge Union with Sir Bernard Crick, among others, in 2008.

Critical reception[link]

Some academics have greeted his works with enthusiasm, detecting liberalising and rationalising tendencies.[48]

Praise[link]

Paul Donnelly[disambiguation needed ] at the liberal[49] online magazine Salon.com asked rhetorically: "Tariq Ramadan: The Muslim Martin Luther?".[50] Similarly, an article at the self-described liberal[51] The American Prospect praised Ramadan and his work in particular as an "entire corpus consists of a steady and unyielding assault on Muslim insularity, self-righteousness, and self-pity."[52]

Criticism[link]

In a book published by Encounter Books, Caroline Fourest analysed Tariq Ramadan's 15 books, 1,500 pages of interviews, and approximately 100 recordings,[53][54] and concludes "Ramadan is a war leader," and the "political heir of his grandfather," Hassan al-Banna, stating that his discourse is, "often just a repetition of the discourse that Banna had at the beginning of the 20th century in Egypt," and that he "presents [al-Banna] as a model to be followed."[16][55] She argues that "Tariq Ramadan is slippery. He says one thing to his faithful Muslim followers and something else entirely to his Western audience. His choice of words, the formulations he uses – even his tone of voice – vary, chameleon-like, according to his audience."[53] Tariq Ramadan responded that Caroline Fourest's book was filled with inaccuracies and untruths, a few of which she later acknowledged on her blog[56].


Olivier Guitta, writing in The Weekly Standard, welcomed the U.S. decision to refuse Ramadan a visa, based on Ramadan's supposed links to terrorist organizations and claiming that his father was the likely author of "'The Project'... a roadmap for installing Islamic regimes in the West by propaganda, preaching, and if necessary war." He further claimed that the former head of the French antiracism organization SOS Racisme, "Malek Boutih told Ramadan after talking with him at length: ‘Mr. Ramadan, you are a fascist.’"[16] In an interview with Europe 1 Boutih likened him to "a small Le Pen[disambiguation needed ]";[57] in another interview he accused him of having crossed the line of racism and anti-Semitism, thus not genuinely belonging to the alter-globalization movement. Similarly, self-described conservative[58] Daniel Pipes concurred with the revocation of Ramadan's visa on grounds of Ramadan's alleged ties with Islamic extremism.[59] After the lifting of the visa revocation, an article in the National Review criticized the double standard of lifting the visa restriction on Ramadan, but not for Issam Abu Issa who was banned by the Bush Administration for being a whistleblower against the Palestinian Authority's corruption.[60]

Bertrand Delanoë, Socialist mayor of Paris, declared Ramadan unfit to participate at the European Social Forum, as not even "a slight suspicion of anti-Semitism" would be tolerable. Talking to the Paris weekly Marianne, Fadela Amara, president of Ni Putes Ni Soumises (Neither Whores Nor Submissive, a French feminist movement), Aurélie Filippetti, municipal counsellor for The Greens in Paris, Patrick Klugman, leading member of the Conseil Représentatif des Institutions juives de France and Dominique Sopo, head of SOS-Racisme accuse Ramadan of having misused the alter-globalization movement's ingenuousness to advance his "radicalism and anti-Semitism."[61] Similarly, an article in the online publication of Alliance for Workers' Liberty published 40 reasons why Ramadan was a reactionary, criticizing views on Islamic extremism, women's rights and anti-Semitism.[62] Egyptian intellectual Tarek Heggy has also charged Ramadan with saying different things to different audiences.[63] Other criticisms have included claims that that an essay attacking French intellectuals was anti-semitic [64] and that he has shown excessive generosity in his rationalization of the motives behind acts of terrorism, such as in the case of [Mohammed Merah].[65]

Response to some of the criticism[link]

Ramadan vehemently denies contacts with terrorists or other Islamic fundamentalists and the charges of anti-Semitism and double talk, attributing the charges to misinterpretation and an unfamiliarity with his writings.[66] He stated: "I have often been accused of this 'double discourse', and to those who say it, I say – bring the evidence. I am quite clear in what I say. The problem is that many people don't want to hear it, particularly in the media. Most of the stories about me are completely untrue: journalists simply repeat black propaganda from the internet without any corroboration, and it just confirms what they want to believe. Words are used out of context. There is double-talk, yes, but there is also double-hearing. That is what I want to challenge."[42] In answer to criticism of his response to September 11th, Ramadan replied that two days after the attacks he had published an open letter, exhorting Muslims to condemn the attacks and the attackers, and not to "hide behind conspiracy theories."[67] and that less than two weeks after the attacks he had stated that “The probability [of bin Laden's guilt] is large, but some questions remain unanswered ... But whoever they are, Bin Laden or others, it is necessary to find them and that they be judged,” and that the interview had been conducted before any evidence was publicly available.[68]

Public reception[link]

One of the world's top 100 innovators of the 21st Century (one of the world's top 7th religious leaders) by Time Magazine in 2000

One of the world's top 100 most influential intellectuals in the world by Time Magazine in 2004

An online poll provided by the American Foreign Policy magazine in 2009 and in 2010 placed Ramadan on the 49th spot in a list of the world’s top 100 contemporary intellectuals.[69]

In 2008, an open online poll, Tariq Ramadan was voted the 8th top most intellectual person in the world on the list of Top 100 Public Intellectuals by Prospect Magazine (UK).

Selected works[link]

References[link]

  1. ^ Tariqramadan.com, Western Muslims and The Future of Islam, Oxford University Press, USA; (November 27, 2003).
  2. ^ a b Kéchichian, Joseph A. . "Ramadan, Tariq Said." In The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Islamic World. Oxford Islamic Studies Online(accessed 30-Mar-2010)
  3. ^ Tariq Ramadan. What I Believe. Oxford University Press. p. 12
  4. ^ Official website
  5. ^ Islamic scholar gets Oxford jobBBC – Saturday, 27 August 2005
  6. ^ "Omstreden moslimtheoloog op Leidse leerstoel", Elsevier.nl 6 November 2007 (Dutch)
  7. ^ "Leiden: Tariq Ramadan turns down appointment", Islam in Europe Blog, 28 November 2007
  8. ^
  9. ^ Interview: Tariq Ramadan, Prospect magazine interview by Ehsan Masood
  10. ^ Under suspicion, an article on Ramadan, at signandsight.com
  11. ^ "Dutch university fires Islamic scholar Ramadan", The Guardian 18 August 2009
  12. ^ "Tariq Ramadan sacked over Iran TV connections", Swiss info website, 19 August 2009
  13. ^ An Open Letter to my Detractors in The Netherlands by Tariq Ramadan
  14. ^ Islamic Studies Chair is appointed – University 30 Jul 09
  15. ^ Euro-Muslim Network > About us > Board of Trustees
  16. ^ a b c The State Dept. Was Right to deny Tariq Ramadan a visa, Olivier Guitta, Weekly Standard, 10/16/2006, Volume 012, Issue 05
  17. ^ Caldwell, Christopher. Reflections on the Revolution in Europe, Doubleday, 2009, page 292. ISBN 978-0-385-51826-0
  18. ^ Tariq Ramadan answers his Dutch detractors Published: 18 August 2009 12:25 | Changed: 26 August 2009 10:56
  19. ^ Lacking Visa, Islamic Scholar Resigns Post at Notre DameWashington Post – Wednesday, December 15, 2004
  20. ^ "Tariq Ramadan". American Civil Liberties Union. 2006-01-24. http://www.aclu.org/safefree/general/23588res20060124.html. Retrieved 2009-07-18. 
  21. ^ "Am. Acad. of Religion v. Chertoff – Complaint for Declaratory and Injunctive Relief". 2006-01-25. http://www.aclu.org/pdfs/complaint012506.pdf. Retrieved 2009-07-18. 
  22. ^ Am. Acad. of Religion v. Chertoff, 463 F. Supp. 2d 400, p. 58 (S.D.N.Y. 2006).
  23. ^ Judge Orders U.S. to Decide if Muslim Scholar Can Enter – NY Times, 24 June 2006
  24. ^ Oxford Professor Denied Visa Due to Alleged Hamas Links – NY Sun, 26 September 2006
  25. ^ a b Why I’m Banned in the USA, Tariq Ramadan, Washington Post, October 1, 2006; Page B01
  26. ^ United States Treasury. Office of Terrorism and Financial Intelligence. Available UStreas.gov. Retrieved 13 March 2007.
  27. ^ "A Visa Revoked", Washington Post editorial
  28. ^ US Inconsistent in Denying Tariq Ramadan Visa: Judge, at Islamonline.net
  29. ^ John Tirman. "Banned in America". AlterNet. http://www.alternet.org/rights/19741. 
  30. ^ "Am. Acad. of Religion v. Chertoff – Opinion and order". 2007-12-20. http://www.aclu.org/images/exclusion/asset_upload_file33_33325.pdf. Retrieved 2009-07-18. 
  31. ^ "ACLU Asks Federal Appeals Court to Lift Ban on Renowned Scholar". American Civil Liberties Union. 2008-01-23. Archived from the original on 2009-08-30. http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aclu.org%2Fsafefree%2Fexclusion%2F33770prs20080123.html&date=2009-08-30. Retrieved 2009-07-18. 
  32. ^ Am. Acad. of Religion v. Napolitano (2d Cir. 2009). UScourts.gov Text
  33. ^ "Federal Appeals Court Rules In Favor Of U.S. Organizations That Challenged Exclusion Of Prominent Muslim Scholar". American Civil Liberties Union. 2009-07-17. http://www.aclu.org/safefree/exclusion/40359prs20090717.html. Retrieved 2009-07-18. 
  34. ^ Tracy, Marc (April 9, 2010). "Live, From New York, It's Tariq Ramadan". http://www.tabletmag.com/scroll/30306/live-from-new-york-it%E2%80%99s-tariq-ramadan/. Retrieved April 11, 2010. 
  35. ^ Reading the Koran. Tariq RAMADAN (2008-01-07). Retrieved on 2011-01-30.
  36. ^ Tariq RAMADAN. Tariq RAMADAN. Retrieved on 2011-01-30.
  37. ^ Laurence, Jonathan. (2007-05-01) The Prophet of Moderation: Tariq Ramadan's Quest to Reclaim Islam. Foreign Affairs. Retrieved on 2011-01-30.
  38. ^ Ramadan, Tariq – To Be a European Muslim – Publisher: Islamic Foundation Pg 150
  39. ^ Reading Tariq Ramadan: Political Liberalism, Islam, and "Overlapping Consensus" [Full Text] Ethics & International Affairs, Volume 21.4 (Winter 2007)
  40. ^ Ramadan, Tariq. To Be a European Muslim (1999) ISBN 0-86037-300-2
  41. ^ We must not accept this repression The Muslim conscience demands a halt to stonings and executionsThe Guardian – Tariq Ramadan – Wednesday March 30, 2005
  42. ^ a b "Not a Fanatic after all?" Hussey, Andrew. New Statesman, 9/12/2005, Vol. 134 Issue 4757, p16-17. Newstatesman.com
  43. ^ The modern Muslim, Steve Paulson, Salon.com – 2/20/2007
  44. ^ A struggle over Europe's religious identity – Tariq Ramadan for the International Herald Tribune. 20 September 2006
  45. ^ Denistouret.net
  46. ^ NYtimes.com
  47. ^ Ian Buruma, New York Times, 4 February 2007, Has an Identity Issue
  48. ^ For Example: Western Muslims and the Future of Islam, By: Brown, L. Carl, Foreign Affairs, Jan/Feb2005, Vol. 84, Issue 1
  49. ^ Martin, Patrick. "Salon and the decay of American liberal journalism". WSWS. http://www.wsws.org/articles/2001/jun2001/salo-j29.shtml. 
  50. ^ Tariq Ramadan: The Muslim Martin Luther?, Paul Donnelly[[{{subst:DATE|date=October 2011}}|{{subst:DATE|date=October 2011}}]] [disambiguation needed ], Salon.com, February 15, 2002
  51. ^ http://web.archive.org/web/20070205222445/http://www.prospect.org/web/page.ww?section=root&name=About+Us
  52. ^ March, Andrew. "Who's Afraid of Tariq Ramadan?". The American Prospect. http://prospect.org/cs/articles?article=whos_afraid_of_tariq_ramadan. 
  53. ^ a b Encounter Books » Brother Tariq: The Doublespeak of Tariq Ramadan
  54. ^ Extracts of the book here (French)
  55. ^ Debate between Tariq Ramadan and Alain Gresh (chief ed. of Le Monde diplomatique), L'Islam en questions, Sindbad 2002, 1st ed., pp. 33–34, citation of Ramadan: "I have studied Hassan al-Banna's ideas with great care and there is nothing in this heritage that I reject."
  56. ^ Vraies prefaces et petit tour de passe-passe"
  57. ^ Enquête préliminaire sur des propos tenus par Tariq Ramadan, Conseil Représentatif des Institutions juives de France, January 5, 2004. Malek Boutih: Tariq Ramadan est un petit Le Pen[[{{subst:DATE|date=October 2011}}|{{subst:DATE|date=October 2011}}]] [disambiguation needed ] arabe (Tariq Ramadan is a small Le Pen)
  58. ^ Scrutiny Increases for a Group Advocating for Muslims in U.S.
  59. ^ Pipes, Daniel. "Why Revoke Tariq Ramadan's U.S. Visa?". DanielPipes.org. http://www.danielpipes.org/2043/why-revoke-tariq-ramadans-us-visa. 
  60. ^ Rubin, Michael. "Tariq Ramadan vs. Issam Abu Issa". National Review. http://www.nationalreview.com/corner/193414/tariq-ramadan-vs-issam-abu-issa/michael-rubin. 
  61. ^ Delanoë: Ramadan n’a pas sa place au FSE, Conseil Représentatif des Institutions juives de France, October 27, 2003.
  62. ^ Coleman, Yves. "40 reasons why Tariq Ramadan is a reactionary". Alliance for Workers' Liberty. http://www.workersliberty.org/node/4004. 
  63. ^ Campus-watch.org, Tarek Versus Tariq (Comments on Tariq Ramadan), by Valentina Colombo, November 23 2008
  64. ^ Philip Carmel, "Muslim fundamentalist hero of anti-global crowd," JTA, November 30, 1999
  65. ^ Paul Sheehan, "It's wrong to make victim of child killer," Sydney Morning Herald, March 29, 2012
  66. ^ What you fear is not who I am, Tariq Ramadan, Globe and Mail, August 30, 2004
  67. ^ Scholar under siege defends his record
  68. ^ Islamica Magazine – Why Tariq Ramadan?
  69. ^ The FP Top 100 Global Thinkers, December 2009

Further reading[link]

External links[link]

http://wn.com/Tariq_Ramadan




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