Chyle (from the Greek word chylos, meaning juice^[1]) is a milky bodily fluid consisting of lymph and emulsified fats, or free fatty acids (FFAs). It is formed in the small intestine during digestion of fatty foods, and taken up by lymph vessels specifically known as lacteals. The relative low pressure of the lacteals allows large fatty acid molecules to diffuse into them, whereas the higher pressure in veins allows only smaller products of digestion, like amino acids and sugars, to diffuse into the blood directly.^[2][3]

Pathology[link]

A chyle fistula is a leakage of lymphatic fluid from the lymphatic vessels, typically accumulating in the thoracic or abdominal cavities,^[4] possibly leading to a chylothorax or chylous ascites, respectively.

Treatment of a chyle fistula relies on ligation of the duct. This is because direct repair is impractical owing to the extreme friability of the thoracic duct.

An alternative treatment is the subcutaneous use of the drug octreotide (a synthetic analogue of somatostatin). This can lead to complete resolution of production of chyle, and avoids the need for surgery.^[5]

See also[link]

• Chyme

References[link]

See also: chylomicron

1. ^ Mosby’s Medical, Nursing and Allied Health Dictionary, Fourth Edition, Mosby-Year Book Inc., 1994, p. 335
2. ^ Magendie, Par F. Elementary Treatise on Human Physiology originally published in French 1838, translated into English and published 1855 by Harper Brothers, New York
3. ^ Lipid Transport and Digestion
4. ^ Tessier, Deron J , MD, Chyle fistula eMedicine; Jan 10, 2008; accessed Feb 2008
5. ^ Mincher L, Evans J, Jenner MW, Varney VA. The successful treatment of chylous effusions in malignant disease with octreotide. Clinical Oncology. 2005 Apr;17(2):118-21. [1]

External links[link]

• Chyle @ MedTerms

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Imani Chyle is an American singer-songwriter and rapper, born and raised in Houston, Texas. Her music has been described as being "much more than just hip-hop". She cites her music as being influenced by rock and "anything from Madonna to Cyndi Lauper to Marvin Gaye".^[1]

Music career[link]

During the early 1990's, Imani was one-half of a Houston-based female rap duo called 2Aggrivated.^[2] Their manager, Corey Robbins, signed them to a 10-album deal with Profile Records, but unresolved conflicts led to the group being dropped by Profile before their already-produced debut album was released. Imani then relocated to Atlanta for a solo career, performing under the name GChyle. Though she established herself on the club scene in the Atlanta area, her career then went on a sudden downward spiral that led to her taking five years off from music.

Upon her return from that absence, Imani relocated to Los Angeles, where she decided to restart her music career, playing in numerous clubs throughout the area, including the House of Blues in Anaheim's Downtown Disney ^[3] and Los Angeles' Sunset Strip,^[4] the Roxy on Sunset,^[5] Viper Room,^[6] and Key Club, where she opened for 1980's rockers the Bullet Boys near the end of 2011.^[7]

In 2011, Imani also formed her own record label, Mos Records^[8], which is distributed by Believe Digital^[9].

She recorded tracks for her forthcoming debut album "Season of I" with producers Monyea Crawford and Richard Rollie of LoveChild Productions^[10] in Atlanta. One of the songs from that forthcoming album, entitled "Lose Myself", was selected for play on the ESPNU program "Unite" ^[11] as the result of a submission by Real Music Opportunities.^[12]

"Lose Myself" and another of Imani's songs, "Warrioress", received high reviews from Music Connection in May 2012.

"Warrioress" made its first chart appearance on December 11, 2011, when it charted among the Top 10 Rhythmic New Releases^[13]. It eventually charted #7 on the national airplay charts, the only independent artist who charted alongside such well-known performers as Adele, Bruno Mars, Mary J. Blige, Wale, Beyoncé, Shania Twain and Robin Thicke.^[14]

Imani has also earned several "Platinum Auddys" from uPlaya.com,^[15] and was also featured on Akon's Hitlab^[16]

References[link]

External links[link]

• imanichyle.com
• Imani Chyle on Facebook