Byte serving is the process of sending only a portion of an HTTP/1.1 message from a server to a client. Clients which request byte-serving might do so in cases in which a large file has been only partially delivered and a limited portion of the file is needed in a particular range. Byte Serving is therefore a method of bandwidth optimization.^[1] In the HTTP/1.0 standard, clients were only able to request an entire document. By allowing byte-serving, clients may choose to request any portion of the resource. One advantage of this capability is when a large media file is being requested, and that media file is properly formatted, the client may be able to request just the portions of the file known to be of interest. This has been reported to work for some PDF files and clients in which a client may request a certain page, rather than the entire file. Other names for byte serving:

• Section 14.35.2 of RFC 2616 says the client makes Range Retrieval Requests when it makes a partial content request
• Clients make range requests ^[2][3]
• Byte Range Serving^[4]
• Page on demand^[5]

Byte serving can also be used by multihomed clients to simultaneous download a resource over multiple network interfaces.^[6] To achieve this type of application-layer link aggregation, multiple HTTP sessions are established and logical file segments are collaboratively downloaded from the server and reassembled at the client. This allows full utilization of several end-to-end paths and therefore leads to an increased download speed.

The use of the Chunked Transfer-Encoding is not byte-serving, but is instead a method in which an HTTP/1.1 server sends the entire resource, but in several separate portions (or chunks) of data.^[7] It is often used when a server does not know exactly how much data there will be in the total response, allowing the server to start sending data to the client straight away without having to buffer the response and determine the exact length before it begins sending it to the client. This improves latency and reduces memory requirements while preserving the ability to reuse the connection after the response is completed. Byte serving and chunking are compatible and can be used with or without the other.

See also[link]

• RFC 2616 Section 3.12: Range Units
• HTTP status codes
• HTTP headers
• Content negotiation

References[link]

1. ^ Key Differences between HTTP/1.0 and HTTP/1.1 "A typical example is a server's sending an entire (large) resource when the client only needs a small part of it. There was no way in HTTP/1.0 to request partial objects... HTTP/1.1 range requests allow a client to request portions of a resource."
2. ^ Apache Week. HTTP/1.1
3. ^ Key Differences between HTTP/1.0 and HTTP/1.1
4. ^ Byte Range Serving in Domino R5 Server
5. ^ byte serving definition of byte serving in the Free Online Encyclopedia
6. ^ Enhancing Video-on-Demand Playout over Multiple Heterogeneous Access Networks by D. Kaspar, K. R. Evensen, P. E. Engelstad, A. F. Hansen, P. Halvorsen, and C. Griwodz. In: IEEE Consumer Communications and Networking Conference (CCNC), ISBN 978-1-4244-5176-0, 2010
7. ^ HTTP Chunking

Sheila Dikshit
Sheila Dikshit giving an Interview
Chief Minister of Delhi
Incumbent
Assumed office 3 December 1998
Preceded by	Sushma Swaraj[1]
Personal details
Born	(1938-03-31) 31 March 1938 (age 74) Kapurthala, Punjab, British India
Political party	Indian National Congress
Spouse(s)	Vinod Dikshit (deceased)
Children	son and daughter[2]
Alma mater	University of Delhi
As of 12 November, 2008 Source: Government of Delhi

Sheila Dikshit (Hindi: शीला दीक्षित, born 31 March 1938) is an Indian politician who has been the Chief Minister of Delhi since 1998. She is from the Indian National Congress. Dikshit was sworn in as the Chief Minister for a third consecutive term of the Government of Delhi state in January 2009 after pulling a victory in November 2008 state elections. She is the second woman Chief Minister of Delhi and represents the New Delhi Constituency in the Legislative Assembly of Delhi.

Early life[link]

Dikshit holds a Master of Arts degree. She received her education in New Delhi, and later Miranda House, University of Delhi. She is also the recipient of Doctor of Philosophy, honoris causa, from the University of Delhi. She was married into the family of Shri Umashankar Dikshit, a noted independence activist and a former Governor and Union Cabinet Minister (in U.P. Vill. Ugu Distt. Unnao). Her late husband Vinod Dikshit was a member of the Indian Administrative Service (IAS). She has two children, son Sandeep Dikshit, who is a member of parliament from East Delhi for Congress and daughter Latika Syed.^[3][4]

Political career[link]

During the period between 1984 and 1989, she represented Kannauj Parliamentary Constituency of Uttar Pradesh. As a member of Parliament, she served on the Estimates Committee of Lok Sabha. Dikshit also chaired the Implementation Committee for Commemoration of Forty Years of India's Independence and Jawaharlal Nehru centenary. She represented India at United Nations Commission on Status of Women for five years (1984–1989). As President of the Delhi Pradesh Congress Committee, she led her party to victory in the Assembly elections in 1998. Dikshit was dubbed an outsider when she first became Delhi's Chief Minister.^[5]

She has also served as a Union Minister during 1986–1989, first as the Minister of State for Parliamentary Affairs and later as a Minister of State in the Prime Minister's Office. She was shortlisted for the 2008 World Mayor award.^{[citation needed]} As Chief Minister of Delhi, Dikshit was awarded the Best Chief Minister of India, by Journalist Association of India on 12 July 2008. In 2009, she was awarded Politician of the Year by NDTV.^{[citation needed]}.

Contributions[link]

She represented India on the U.N. Commission on Status of Women for five years (1984–89). In Uttar Pradesh, she and her 82 colleagues were jailed in August 1990 for 23 days by the state government when she led a movement against the atrocities being committed on women. Electrified by this, hundreds of thousands of citizens all over UP joined the movement and courted arrest. Earlier, in the early 1970s, she was chairperson of the Young Women's Association and was instrumental in the setting up two of most successful hostels for working women in Delhi.

She is also the Secretary of the Indira Gandhi Memorial Trust.^{[citation needed]}

Controversies[link]

Alleged corruption[link]

In 2009, Delhi lokayukta investigated a complaint filed by advocate Sunita Bhardwaj, a BJP worker, saying that Dikshit misused Rs 3.5 crore received from the Central government under the Jawahar Lal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission for Rajiv Ratan Awas Yojana to give out personal advertisements.^[6] The lokayukta later dropped the corruptions claims.^[6][7] The complainant then sought to book Dikshit under the Representation of People’s Act, claiming she had been "misrepresenting facts" about the flats her government had built for the urban poor.^[6] It was ruled by the lokayukta that the government actions did not fall foul of the act but it will try to book her under the Section 2 (b) of the Act that stipulates adherence to norms of conduct and integrity expected of "public functionaries".^[6] The case is now nearing a verdict with the final arguments having begun.

Dikshit has hit back at the lokayukta, stating: "[lokayukta] can't be the sole judge of what is unethical" and the anti-graft watchdog should "limit itself to core corruption issues".^[7]

Commonwealth Games[link]

Dikshit was accused of corruption regarding the 2010 Commonwealth games. The Comptroller and Auditor General (CAG) report allegedly blamed her for irregularities in imported equipment for street lighting in the city during the games. Delhi chief secretary PK Tripathi stated that the Chief Minister played no part in awarding contracts for street lighting in Delhi during the Commonwealth Games.^[8]

Parole to Manu Sharma[link]

On November 2009, Dikshit came under criticism for granting parole to Manu Sharma after media reports of him visiting night clubs in Delhi emerged. Manu Sharma is accused of murdering Jessica Lal and serving life sentence. Dikshit defended her decision to sign the parole papers, declaring nothing "illegal or unlawful" was done in extending the benefit to the prisoner. The Delhi high court claimed she had given preferential treatment to Sharma in granting parole while neglecting such pleas of "poor" people languishing in jail for years. Asked about the high court's criticism of the decision, Dikshit justified her position, saying "whatever files I receive, they come through proper channels."^[9] Dikshit pointed out Delhi Lt governor Tejinder Khanna, stating that he had not objected to the parole papers and had cleared the file paving way for Sharma's parole.^[9]

Paul Henry[link]

Paul Henry, a TVNZ New Zealand broadcaster referred to Dikshit as "the dip shit woman" and "Dick Shit", going on to state that "it's so appropriate, because she's Indian, so she'd be dick-in-shit wouldn't she, do you know what I mean? Walking along the street... she's just so funny, isn't she?"^[10] New Zealand Indian Central Association president Paul Singh Bains said the fact that TVNZ was still promoting the clip on its website showed it had "totally lost the plot" and was insensitive to the offence Henry had caused.^[11]

References[link]

External links[link]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Sheila Dikshit

• Official profile, Government of Delhi website
• CityMayors profile

v t e Current Chief Ministers of Indian states (list)     Andhra Pradesh: Nallari Kiran Kumar Reddy Arunachal Pradesh: Nabam Tuki Assam: Tarun Gogoi Bihar: Nitish Kumar Chhattisgarh: Raman Singh Goa: Manohar Parrikar Gujarat: Narendra Modi Haryana: Bhupinder Singh Hooda Himachal Pradesh: Prem Kumar Dhumal Jammu and Kashmir: Omar Abdullah Jharkhand: Arjun Munda Karnataka: D. V. Sadananda Gowda Kerala: Oommen Chandy Madhya Pradesh: Shivraj Singh Chauhan Maharashtra: Prithviraj Chavan Manipur: Okram Ibobi Singh Meghalaya: Mukul Sangma Mizoram: Pu Lalthanhawla Nagaland: Neiphiu Rio Orissa: Naveen Patnaik Punjab: Parkash Singh Badal Rajasthan: Ashok Gehlot Sikkim: Pawan Kumar Chamling Tamil Nadu: Jayalalithaa Tripura: Manik Sarkar Uttar Pradesh: Akhilesh Yadav Uttarakhand: Vijay Bahuguna West Bengal: Mamata Banerjee Delhi: Sheila Dikshit Pondicherry: N. Rangaswamy

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Vijay Goel is a former union minister of state in the government of India from 2001 to 2004. He is a leader of the Bharatiya Janata Party. He was a member of the 11th, 12th and 13th Lok Sabha from Chandni Chowk Delhi. He is a former President of the Delhi University Students Union.

VIJAY GOEL [HON. D.LIT.] M.COM. LLB - ALL INDIA GENERAL SECRETARY, BHARTIYA JANATA PARTY

FORMER UNION MINISTER OF STATE, GOVERNMENT OF INDIA - PRIME MINISTER’S OFFICE - PLANNING COMMISSION - PARLIAMENTARY AFFAIRS - MINISTRY OF LABOUR - MINISTRY OF YOUTH & SPORTS AFFAIRS - MINISTRY OF STATISTICS & PROGRAMME IMPLEMENTATION

Vijay Goel is a multifaceted and dynamic reformer, a vociferous social worker, an activist with conviction, and a crusader of causes close to his heart, a product of the JP Movement was jailed during Emergency, a home grown NSS, NCC, ABVP & RSS worker, a politician who famous for his contribution in getting the “Lottery-Banned” and thereby saving lacs of families from ruin.

“VG” is “Very Good”, is what Shri Atal Bihari Vajpayee affectionately said, when he handpicked Vijay Goel and entrusted him with the position of Union Minister of State responsible for the Prime Minister’s Office and the Planning Commission.

Subsequently he was also given the Charge of the Ministry of Labour, Ministry of Parliamentary Affairs, Ministry of Statistics & Programme Implementation and Ministry of Youth Affairs & Sports as Union Minister in NDA Government till 2004, remembered till date as the dynamic Sports Minister who got the Common Wealth Games to India.

As Member of the Standing Committee on Parliamentary Affairs, Public Accounts Committee, Joint Parliamentary Committee investigating Shares Scam, Committee on Home Affairs and Personal Policy of CPMFs, Committee on Government Assurances, Rules Committee and Consultative Committee of Urban Development & Poverty Alleviation, he played a very active role in various Parliamentary Committees besides traveling widely across the globe in his official capacity.

Bhartiya Janata Party’s, All India General Secretary, made ‘hat trick’ by winning three consecutive [11th, 12th & 13th] Lok Sabha Parliamentary seats from Sadar and Chandni Chowk had started his political career as Youth President, Bhartiya Janata Party. He is actively holding positions of responsibility in various political, social, cultural and education organizations, including President-Heritage India Foundation, President-Lok Abhiyan and Vice-President-Vaish Aggarwal Educational Society & Founder Chairman-Aadharshila Vidyapeeth School. He was to first to start holding weekly Janata Adalats in his constituency.

A product of the prestigious Delhi University-Shriram College of Commerce [SRCC], former DUSU-President, Goel has held the positions of Governing Body Member-AIIMS, Member-TAC-MTNL, Member-Advisory Committee-DDA, Member-MCD, Member Anjuman [Court]-Jamia, Chairman-Satyawati College and Governing Body Member-Laxmibai College and Motilal College, Executive Council Member, Finance Committee Member, besides holding the prestigious position as the University Court Member, Delhi University for 20-yrs.

VG, also called BJP’s “Versatile General” has many “Achievements” to his credit besides Banning Lotteries, Banning Ragging, Exposing Fake-Mark Sheet Racket, Fake SC/ST Certificate Racket, facelift of Delhi Railway Station, introducing Green lawns at Red Fort, Renovation of MCD Schools under School Sudhar Yojana, Installing Computers in Urdu & Hindi Schools, Installing Vivekananda’s Statue in DU, improvement of Slum areas and running a Haji Mobile Medical Van for under-privileged, funding renovation of Haj Manjil, Restoring Urdu Poet Ghalib’s haveli, Writing “The Emperor’s City” a Book on Chandni Chowk besides organizing the famous Chandni Chowk Utsav called “Chaudhavi ka Chand” with over 5-lac attendance to highlight the Walled City’s heritage. He has encouraged traditional “Purani Dilli’s” art-forms like, Meenakari, Kabootar bazi, Bater-bazi, Patte-bazi and especially Patang-bazi by organized India’s 1st Kite making competition in the walled city.

The Project closest to 54-yr-old Vijay’s heart, which he runs with the support of his daughter Vidyun, is his now famous “Toy-Bank”, which has collected over One-Lac Toys from affluent schools, RWAs and individuals at its 5-Collection Centres in Delhi for distribution amongst under-privileged children. His wife Preeti Goel a DU-Lecturer and son Siddhant also help out besides giving emotional strength. Born in Haryana to a traditional Haryanvi freedom fighter family & brought up in Delhi since childhood, Vijay Goel was imprisoned for 3-months during Emergency along with his father Shri Charti Lal Goel, a leading taxation lawyer, who was jailed for 19-months before going on to become the Deputy Mayor and Speaker of Delhi Assembly. His mother Smt. Basanti Devi imbibed religious values which added leadership strength to the now seasoned Vijay Goel, who was being personally groomed under his father for future leadership.

Few know that Vijay Goel is also educationist with an honorary doctorate in Literature from Gurukul Kangri University, Haridwar, has received the Global Excellence award and the prestigious Sur-Sadhna award for his contribution in the field of Culture, Heritage and Development, has published a Book on Chandni Chowk, a folk & ghazal singer besides being a Tabla player, an avid photographer has held own Photo-exhibition on Anandpur Village-life and an art & nature lover preserving his huge baags, a historian owning havelis, a paper trader by profession, is also a kho-kho and basketball national-level sportsman.

He Rocks! http://vijaygoel.in/brief-profile.html VIJAY GOEL [HON. D.LIT.] M.COM. LLB ALL INDIA GENERAL SECRETARY, BHARTIYA JANATA PARTY [BJP] Vijay Goel is a product of the prestigious Shriram College of Commerce [SRCC], Delhi University. The former DUSU-President started his political career as Youth President, Bhartiya Janata Party, Delhi and scored a 'hat trick' by winning three consecutive [11th, 12th & 13th] Lok Sabha Parliamentary Elections from Sadar and Chandni Chowk.

A multifaceted and dynamic reformer, grass roots social worker, an activist with conviction and a crusader of causes close to his heart, Vijay Goel started his leadership training as an NCC cadet and NSS volunteer and is a homegrown ABVP worker who has risen from the ranks. Goel was also a kho-kho and basketball sportsman leading his teams to victory in college, state & the national-level. A fearless and concerned leader, famous for saving lacs of families from ruin by getting the "Single Digit Lottery-Banned", he was the first to start holding weekly Janata Adalats in his constituency.

An Educationist, Vijay Goel has made long lasting contribution in the field of education and was Chairman-Satyawati College and Governing Body Member-Laxmibai College and Motilal College, Member Anjuman [Court]-Jamia, Executive Council Member, Finance Committee Member, besides holding the prestigious position as the University Court Member, Delhi University for 20-yrs.

Vijay Goel was awarded an honorary doctorate in Literature from Gurukul Kangri University, Haridwar. Has also received the Global Excellence award and the prestigious Sur-Sadhna award for his contribution in the field of Culture, Heritage and Development.

A true dilli-vala at heart, a folk & ghazal singer, a tabla player, an avid photographer, Vijay held his first photo-exhibition on village life inaugurated by the Hon'ble Vice President of India. He authored "DELHI-The Emperor's City" (a book on Chandni Chowk) released by the Hon'ble Prime Minister and organized the famous Chandni Chowk Utsav "Chaudahavin ka Chand" to highlight the Walled City's heritage. He has encouraged traditional purani dilli art forms especially patangbazi by organizing India's 1st Kite making competition in the walled city.

"V.G". - BJP's Versatile General, has many achievements to his credit - Banning Lotteries, Banning Ragging, Exposing Fake Mark Sheet Racket & Fake SC/ST Certificate Racket, facelift of Delhi Railway Station, introducing Green lawns at Red Fort, Renovation of MCD Schools under School Sudhar Yojana, Installing Computers in Urdu & Hindi Schools, improvement of Slum areas and running a Mobile Medical Van for under-privileged, Renovating the Haj Manjil, Restoring Urdu Poet Ghalib's haveli….the list goes on and on.

Former PM Shri Atal Bihari Vajpayee handpicked Vijay Goel and entrusted him with the position of Union Minister of State responsible for the Prime Minister's Office and the Planning Commission. Subsequently he was also given charge of the Ministry of Labour, Ministry of Parliamentary Affairs, Ministry of Statistics & Programme Implementation and Ministry of Youth Affairs & Sports as Union Minister in NDA Government till 2004. As Sports Minister, he pitched hard to bring the Commonwealth Games to India.

Goel played a very active role in various Parliamentary Committees as Member of the Joint Parliamentary Committee investigating Shares Scam, Standing Committee on Parliamentary Affairs, Public Accounts Committee, Committee on Home Affairs and Personal Policy of Central Para Military Forces, Committee on Government Assurances, Rules Committee and Consultative Committee of Urban Development & Poverty Alleviation. He has also been the Governing Body Member-AIIMS, Member-TAC-MTNL, Member-MCD and Member-Advisory Committee-DDA.

Actively involved in various political, social, cultural and education organizations, Vijay Goel is President, Heritage India Foundation; President, Lok Abhiyan and Founder, The Senior Citizen Federation. The Project closest to 54-yr-old Vijay's heart is his now famous "Toy-Bank", which has collected over One-Lac Toys from affluent schools, RWAs and individuals at its Collection Centres in Delhi for distribution amongst underprivileged children. Vijay's wife Preeti Goel, a DU-Lecturer also assists in his social projects. Both of them have traveled together widely.

Brought up in Delhi 54 years old, a paper trader by profession, Vijay was born in a traditional Haryanvi freedom fighter family. An active participant in the JP Movement, Vijay Goel was imprisoned for 3-months during the Emergency. His father, leading taxation lawyer Shri Charti Lal Goel who later became the Deputy Mayor and Speaker of Delhi Assembly, was also jailed for 19-months.

Vijay Goel is also the member of International Film & Television Research Center of Asian Academy Of Film & Television.

External links[link]

• Biography at Lok Sabha website