Piyush "Bobby" Jindal (born June 10, 1971)[1], an American politician, is the 55th and current Governor of Louisiana.[2] Jindal is formerly a member of the United States House of Representatives.[3] He is a member of the Republican Party.
Jindal was born in Baton Rouge, Louisiana, to Amar and Raj Jindal, who came to the United States as immigrants from Punjab, India, six months before he was born.[3] Jindal attended Baton Rouge Magnet High School, graduating in 1988. He competed in tennis tournaments, started a computer newsletter, a retail candy business, and a mail-order software company. He spent his free time working at the concession stands during LSU football games.[4] Jindal was one of 50 students nationwide admitted to the Program in Liberal Medical Education (PLME) at Brown University, guaranteeing him a place in medical school. He was interested in public policy. Jindal also completed a second major in biology. He graduated in 1991 at the age of 20, with honors in both majors.[4][5]
Jindal was named a member of the 1992 USA Today All-USA Academic Team. He was accepted by both Harvard Medical School and Yale Law School, but studied at New College, Oxford, as a Rhodes Scholar. He received an M.Litt. degree in political science with an emphasis in health policy from the University of Oxford in 1994 for his thesis "A needs-based approach to health care".[4] He turned down an offer to study for a D.Phil. in politics,[6][7] instead joining the consulting firm McKinsey & Company.
In 1993 U.S. Representative Jim McCrery (whom Jindal had worked for as a summer intern) introduced him to Governor Mike Foster.[8] In 1996 Foster appointed Jindal as Secretary of the Louisiana Department of Health and Hospitals, an agency that represented about 40 percent of the state budget and employed over 12,000 people. Jindal was the youngest ever Secretary of the DHH at 25.[9] During his tenure, Louisiana's Medicaid program went from bankruptcy with a $400 million deficit into three years of surpluses totaling $220 million.[10] Jindal was criticized during the 2007 campaign by the Louisiana AFL-CIO for closing some local clinics to reach that surplus.[11] Under Jindal's term, Louisiana nationally rose to third place in child healthcare screenings, with child immunizations rising, and introduced new and expanded services for the elderly and the disabled.[12] In 1998, Jindal was appointed executive director of the National Bipartisan Commission on the Future of Medicare, a 17-member panel charged with devising plans to reform Medicare.
In 1999, at the request of the Louisiana Governor's Office and the Louisiana State Legislature, Jindal volunteered his time to study how Louisiana might use its $4.4 billion share of the tobacco settlement. In that same year, at 28 years of age, Jindal was appointed to become the youngest-ever president of the University of Louisiana System, the nation's 16th largest system of higher education with over 80,000 students per year. In March 2001 he was nominated by President George W. Bush to be Assistant Secretary of Health and Human Services for Planning and Evaluation.[13] He was later unanimously confirmed by a vote of the United States Senate and began serving on July 9, 2001. In that position, he served as the principal policy advisor to the Secretary of Health and Human Services.[14] He resigned from that post on February 21, 2003, to return to Louisiana and run for governor.[15]
Jindal came to national prominence during the 2003 election for Louisiana governor.
In what Louisianans call an "open primary" (but which is technically a nonpartisan blanket primary), Jindal finished first with 33 percent of the vote. He received endorsements from the largest paper in Louisiana, the New Orleans' Times-Picayune; the newly elected Democratic mayor of New Orleans, Ray Nagin; and the outgoing Republican governor, Mike Foster. In the second balloting, Jindal faced the outgoing lieutenant governor, Kathleen Babineaux Blanco of Lafayette, a Democrat. Despite winning in Blanco's hometown, he lost many normally conservative parishes in north Louisiana, and Blanco prevailed with 52 percent of the popular vote.
Political analysts have speculated on myriad explanations for his loss. Some have blamed Jindal for his refusal to answer questions targeted at his religion and ethnic background brought up in several Democratic advertisements,[16][17] which the Jindal Campaign called "negative attack ads." Others note that a significant number of conservative Louisianans remain more comfortable voting for a conservative Democrat, than for a Republican. Despite his losing the election in 2003, the run for governor made Jindal a well-known figure on the state's political scene and a rising star within the Republican party.
Jindal as a U.S. Congressman
A few weeks after the 2003 gubernatorial runoff, Jindal decided to run for Louisiana's 1st congressional district. The incumbent, David Vitter, was running for the Senate seat being vacated by John Breaux. The Louisiana Republican Party endorsed him in the primary although Mike Rogers, also a Republican, was running for the same seat. The 1st District has been in Republican hands since a 1977 special election and is widely considered to be staunchly conservative.[18] Jindal also had an advantage because his campaign was able to raise over $1 million very early in the campaign, making it harder for other candidates to effectively raise funds to oppose him. He won the 2004 Election with 78 percent of the vote. Jindal secured reelection in 2006 with 88 percent of the vote. He was the second Indian American elected to Congress.[19]
He was appointed to the House Committee on Homeland Security, the House Committee on Resources, and the House Committee on Education and the Workforce. He was made Vice-Chairman of the House Subcommittee on the Prevention of Nuclear and Biological Attacks. Jindal served as President of the incoming Freshman class of congressmen in 2004. He was elected to the position of House Assistant Majority Whip, a senior leadership role; he served in this capacity from 2004-2006.[4]
On January 22, 2007, Jindal announced his candidacy for governor.[20] Polling data showed him with an early lead in the race, and he remained the favorite throughout the campaign. He defeated eleven opponents in the nonpartisan blanket primary held on October 20, including two prominent Democrats, State Senator Walter Boasso of Chalmette and Louisiana Public Service Commissioner Foster Campbell of Bossier City, and an independent, New Orleans businessman John Georges.
Jindal finished with 699,672 votes (54 percent). Boasso ran second with 226,364 votes (17 percent). Georges finished with 186,800 (14 percent), and Campbell, who is also a former state senator, ran fourth with 161,425 (12 percent). The remaining candidates collectively polled three percent of the vote. Jindal polled pluralities or majorities in 60 of the state's 64 parishes (equivalent to counties in other states). He lost narrowly to Georges in Orleans Parish, to Boasso in St. Bernard Parish (which Boasso represented in the Legislature), and in the two neighboring north Louisiana parishes of Red River and Bienville located south of Shreveport, both of which are historically Democratic and supported Campbell. In the 2003 contest with Blanco, Jindal had lost most of the northern parishes.[21] This marked the first time that a non-incumbent candidate for governor was elected without a runoff under the Louisiana election system.[22]
As governor-elect Jindal named a new ethics team, with Democratic Shreveport businesswoman Virginia Kilpatrick Shehee, the first woman to have served in the state senate, as the vice chairman of the panel. Jindal assumed the position of governor when he took the oath of office on January 14, 2008. At thirty-six, he became the youngest sitting governor in the United States. He is also Louisiana's first non-white governor since P. B. S. Pinchback served for thirty-five days during Reconstruction, and the first non-white governor to be elected (Pinchback succeeded to the position of Lieutenant Governor on the death of Oscar Dunn, then to Governor upon the impeachment of Henry Clay Warmoth).[23] Additionally, Jindal became the first Indian American to be elected governor of any state in the United States.[24][25] In 2008, Jindal was ranked one of the nation's most popular governors with an approval rating of 77%.[26][27]
In a salute to the 2007 LSU Tigers football national championship team during his January 14, 2008 inauguration speech, Jindal stated in part "...They revere our athletes. Go Tigers...."[28]
On May 3, 2008 a special election was held to determine Jindal's replacement in the 1st Congressional District. Steve Scalise, a state legislator, was elected with 75 percent of the vote over University of New Orleans professor Dr. Gilda Reed.[29]
On June 27, 2008, Louisiana's Secretary of State confirmed that a recall petition had been filed against Governor Jindal in response to Jindal's refusal to veto a bill that would more than double the current state legislative pay. During his campaign for Governor, Jindal had pledged to prevent legislative pay raises that would take effect during the current term.[30][31] Jindal responded by saying that he is opposed to the pay increase but that he had pledged to let the legislature govern themselves.[32] On June 30, 2008, Governor Jindal reversed his earlier position by vetoing the pay raise legislation, stating that he made a mistake by staying out of the pay raise issue. In response, the petitioners dropped their recall effort.[33]
The Standard and Poor's raised Louisiana's bond rating and credit outlook from stable to positive in 2009. In announcing this change, the organization gave credit to the state’s strong management and “commitment to streamlining its government functions.”[34] Jindal met with President Barack Obama in October 2009 where the governor pushed for increased federal dollars to cover rising Medicaid costs, speeding the construction of hurricane-protection barriers, and financing the proposed Louisiana State University teaching hospital. During a town hall meeting, Obama praised Jindal as a "hard working man who is doing a good job" for the State, and expressed support for the Governor's overhaul of the State's educational system in the area of increased charter schools.[35]
Louisiana state government watchdog C.B. Forgotston, former counsel to the House Appropriations Committee who supported Jindal's election in 2007, has expressed disappointment with the governor in regard to the legislative pay raise and other fiscal issues. Forgotston, said he would grade Jindal an A+ in public relations and a D in fiscal performance in office.[36]
Jindal negotiated an agreement whereby Foster Farms, a private chicken processor, would receive $50 million in taxpayer funds to purchase a chicken processing plant owned by bankrupt Pilgrim's Pride.[37] Some have argued that there is a conflict of interest in that Pilgrim's Pride founder Lonnie "Bo" Pilgrim contributed $2500 to Jindal's campaign in 2007.[38] Other contributors to Jindal's campaign who benefited from economic development spending include Albemarle and Edison Chouest Offshore. Jindal however released a statement saying that this legislation saved over 1,000 jobs, serves as a stimulus to Louisiana's economy, and had wide bipartisan support.[39]
Jindal oversaw one of the largest evacuations in U.S. history (nearly two million people) in late August 2008 prior to the Louisiana landfall of Hurricane Gustav.[40] He issued mandatory evacuation orders for the state’s coastal areas and activated 3,000 National Guardsman to aid in the exodus. He also ordered the state to purchase generators to provide needed power to hospitals and nursing homes without power. Government officials vacated hospitals and nursing homes and put the poor, the ill, and the elderly on buses and trains out of town. The evacuation was credited as one reason that Gustav only resulted in 16 deaths in the U.S. The state's successful response to Hurricane Gustav was in stark contrast to the failed hurricane response system for Hurricane Katrina in 2005. Jindal received bipartisan praise for his leadership during Gustav.[41][42] Jindal had been scheduled to address the Republican National Convention, but cancelled his plans to focus on Louisiana’s needs during the storm.[43]
Jindal at a John McCain campaign event in Kenner, Louisiana, June 2008
On February 8, 2008, conservative radio host Rush Limbaugh mentioned on his syndicated show that Jindal could be a possible choice for the Republican vice presidential nomination in 2008. He said that Jindal might be perceived as an asset to John McCain's campaign because he has wide support in the conservative and moderate wings of the Republican Party and his youth offsets McCain's age. If McCain had won the presidency, he would have been the oldest president ever inaugurated to a first term.[44] Heightening the speculation, McCain invited Jindal, Gov. Charlie Crist of Florida, Gov. Tim Pawlenty of Minnesota and McCain's former rivals Mitt Romney and Mike Huckabee to meet at McCain's home in Arizona on May 23, 2008, according to a Republican familiar with the decision; Romney, Huckabee, and Pawlenty, all of whom were already well acquainted with McCain, declined because of prior commitments.[45] The meeting may have served a different purpose, such as consideration of Jindal for the opportunity to speak at the 2008 Republican National Convention, in a similar fashion to Barack Obama at the 2004 Democratic National Convention, cementing a place for him in the party and opening the gate for a future run for the presidency.[46] Speculation was fueled by simultaneous July 21, 2008, reports that McCain was making a sudden visit to Louisiana to confer again with Jindal and that McCain was readying to name his running mate within a week. However, on July 23, 2008, Jindal said that he would not be the Republican vice presidential nominee in 2008.[47] Jindal added that he "never talked to the senator [McCain] about the vice presidency or his thoughts on selecting the vice president."[47] Ultimately, on August 29, 2008, McCain chose then-Governor Sarah Palin of Alaska as his running mate. While Jindal was given a prime time speech slot at the party convention, he was not offered the keynote speech. During the presidential campaign, Jindal expressed admiration for both Senators McCain and Obama, and maintained that both have made positive contributions to the nation.[48]
On February 24, 2009, Jindal delivered the official Republican response to President Obama's address to a joint session of Congress. Jindal called the president's economic stimulus plan “irresponsible” and argued against government intervention.[49] He used Hurricane Katrina to warn against government solutions to the economic crisis. "Today in Washington, some are promising that government will rescue us from the economic storms raging all around us," Jindal said. "Those of us who lived through Hurricane Katrina, we have our doubts." He praised the late sheriff Harry Lee for standing up to the government during Katrina.[50][51] The speech met with biting reviews from some members of both the Democratic and the Republican parties. Referring to Jindal as "devoid of substantive ideas for governing the country", Democratic political commentator Rachel Maddow summarized Jindal's Katrina remark as follows: "[Jindal states that] since government failed during Hurricane Katrina, we should understand, not that government should not be allowed to fail again, but that government...never works. That government can't work, and therefore we should stop seeking a functioning government."[52] David Johnson, a Republican political strategist criticized Jindal's mention of Hurricane Katrina, stating "The one thing Republicans want to forget is Katrina."[53] While Jindal's speech was poorly received by several Democratic and Republican critics, others argued that the speech should be judged on substance rather than delivery style.[54][55] Some conservative commentators were among his harshest critics, with one calling his speech "a disaster for the Republican Party". CNN political analyst Candy Crowley said that "Politicians often come back from moments such as these...there is a lot of time left for rehabilitation."[53][56]
Jindal's story of meeting Lee in the immediate aftermath of Hurricane Katrina was questioned following the speech, as Jindal was not in New Orleans at the time.[57] On February 27, 2009, a spokesman for Jindal clarified the timing of the meeting, stating that the story took place days after the storm.[58] The opportunity to give the response speech to the then very popular President Obama was compared by some commentators to winning "second prize in a beauty contest," a reference to the board game Monopoly.[59]
In mid-2009, The Advocate, a Baton Rouge newspaper, reviewed records obtained through a public information request and reported that between March 2, 2009 and July 20, 2009, Jindal had used state helicopters and State Police pilots to travel to various parts of the state to attend church services and meet with community officials. In total, 14 trips were taken with a cost of $1,200 per hour to operate – about $45,000 in total. Jindal stated the Sunday services were not political, and he was invited to meet with rural worshipers. He said that these events are valuable to "hear what the people have to say". After the services, Jindal scheduled meetings with local officials who showed him schools, roads, and factories and shared with him their concerns. State Sen. Joe McPherson, D-Woodworth, said Jindal is a very accessible governor and that these Sunday trips provide an opportunity to reach out to the community.[60]
Governor Jindal appointed both Democrats and Republicans to prominent state posts. He named outgoing Republican State Senator Gerald Theunissen of Jennings to his education transition advisory council.[61] He retained 23 appointees of former governor Kathleen Blanco. One of Jindal's first high-profile appointments was former Republican State Senator Robert J. Barham of Morehouse Parish as secretary of the Department of Wildlife and Fisheries. Another term-limited representative, Joseph F. Toomy of Gretna in Jefferson Parish, was named to the five-member New Orleans Port Authority.
Former Republican State Representative Henry "Tank" Powell of Ponchatoula in Tangipahoa Parish (1996–2008) along with former Democratic Sheriff Leonard "Pop" Hataway of Grant Parish (1976–2008) were appointed to the influential Louisiana Board of Pardons. Democrats Sydnie Mae Durand and Chris Ullo were appointed to the state Pharmacy Board and the Crescent City Connection board, respectively. Jindal also re-appointed Democratic Community and Technical College members Michael Murphy of Bogalusa and Stephen Toups of Baton Rouge.[62] Jindal and Speaker Jim Tucker named the Democrat James R. Fannin of Jonesboro as chairman of the critical House Appropriations Committee.[63]
Jindal had been mentioned as a potential candidate for the 2012 presidential election. On December 10, 2008, Jindal indicated that he would likely not run for president in 2012, saying he will focus on his re-election in 2011 and that this would make transitioning to a national campaign difficult, though he later attempted to leave himself open to the opportunity to change his mind in the future - he did not rule out a possible 2012 presidential bid.[64] Speculation increased when Republicans chose Jindal to deliver the response to President Obama's first address to a joint session of Congress.[65]
The Jindal for President Draft Council Inc. PAC has been formed to raise funds for a future presidential run. Jindal states that he has no involvement with the PAC.[66]
In April 2010, while speaking at the Southern Republican Leadership Conference, Jindal ruled out running for President in 2012.[67]
Jindal ran against four Democrats, a Libertarian and four independents. Jindal received 66% of the vote in the first round, thereby winning election in the first round.[68]
In August 2011, the American Legislative Exchange Council (ALEC) awarded Jindal the Thomas Jefferson Freedom Award for “outstanding public service”[69]
On October 25, 2011, in preparing for his second term, Jindal tapped Republican State Representative Chuck Kleckley of Lake Charles[70] and State Senator John Alario of Westwego as his choices for Speaker of the Louisiana House of Representatives and Louisiana Senate President, respectively. Lawmakers routinely approved the governor's choices for the two leadership positions. Alario is a long-term Democrat who switched parties prior to the 2011 elections.[71]
Ultimately, only one of the thirty-nine senators, freshman Republican Barrow Peacock of Shreveport, voted against the Alario selection.[72] Jindal had supported Peacock's intraparty rival for the Senate, term-limited State Representative Jane H. Smith of Bossier City in the general election held on Novembver 19, 2011.[73] The governor subsequently appointed Smith as deputy secretary of the Louisiana Revenue Department.[74]
Jindal has a 100% pro-life voting record according to the National Right to Life Committee.[75] He opposes all abortions without exception, but does not condemn medical procedures aimed at saving the life of the mother that indirectly result in the loss of the unborn child.[76][77][78][79][80] In 2003, Jindal stated that he does not object to the use of emergency contraception in the case of rape if the victim requests it.[77] While in the House of Representatives, he supported two bills to prohibit transporting minors across state lines to obtain an abortion; the bills aimed to prevent doctors and others from helping a minor avoid parental notification laws in their home state by procuring an abortion in another state.[75] He opposes and has voted against expanding public funding of embryonic stem cell research.[75][81]
Jindal opposes the legalization of same-sex marriage. He has voted for the Federal Marriage Amendment to restrict marriage to a union between one man and one woman.[82] In December 2008, Jindal announced the formation of the Louisiana Commission on Marriage and Family,[83] including individuals representing organizations that oppose same-sex marriage.[84]
Governor Jindal has voted to mandate lobbyist disclosure of bundled donations and has supported legislation to protect whistleblowers from employer recrimination.[citation needed] He has vetoed state legislation to increase pay for state legislators.[85][86] However, the Louisiana Governor's office has been ranked last for transparency in the United States both prior to Jindal's election and since, as reported by the WDSU I-Team. Some legislators attribute the current ranking to legislation removing the governor's records from the public domain. State Representatives Walker Hines and Neil Abramson say the legislation was surreptitiously inserted as a last-minute amendment into an education bill by Jindal's office on the last day of the 2008 session, providing no time to properly review it before it passed the legislature and was signed into law by Jindal.[87]
Jindal has stated his support of the Second Amendment's right to bear arms. He has opposed efforts to restrict gun rights and has received an endorsement from the National Rifle Association.[88] Jindal earned an A rating from Gun Owners of America[89] while he was in Congress.
As a private citizen, Jindal voted in 2002 for the Louisiana constitutional amendment known as the Stelly Plan[90] which lowered some sales taxes in exchange for higher income taxes. As governor, Jindal initially opposed reforms to the Stelly Plan that would have resulted in over $300 million in tax cuts due to budget concerns.[citation needed] He later agreed to the tax cut after the legislature appeared set to eliminate the entire personal income tax, which Jindal also opposed.[citation needed]
Since taking office, Governor Jindal has cut taxes a total of six times, including the largest income tax cut in Louisiana's history - a cut of $1.1 billion over five years, along with accelerating the elimination of the tax on business investments.[91]
Jindal has proposed budgets that impose cuts on higher education funding in Louisiana, leading to protests from students and education advocates.[92] Jindal has created controversial education reform proposals that have drawn opponents from all party affiliates. Jindal's proposed education reforms include vouchers for low income students in public schools to attend private schools using MFP funds.[93] The legislation also includes controversial changes in teacher evaluations, tenure and pensions. Hundreds of teachers, administrators and public education supporters have protested against the legislation at the capital of Louisiana.[94] Teachers opposed to the proposed reforms have canceled classes to attend protests and have begun circulating petitions to recall Jindal and Republican House Speaker Chuck Kleckley.[95]
Gov. Bobby Jindal signs a Five-Star Statement of Support for Employer Support of the Guard and Reserve at
Camp Beauregard on October 14. The document signing was an opportunity to join employers from across the country in supporting Soldiers, October 2008
Jindal opposes the Fairness Doctrine on the grounds that it is a violation of the Constitution's guarantee of free speech and vowed protection of property rights. Jindal voted to extend the PATRIOT Act, voted in favor of the Military Commissions Act of 2006, supported a constitutional amendment banning flag burning,[96] and voted for the Real ID Act of 2005.[97] In the 2009 legislative session, Jindal expressed support for a bill by State Representative James H. "Jim" Morris of Oil City, which would permit motorcyclists to choose whether or not to wear a helmet. Morris' bill easily passed the House but was blocked in the Senate Health Committee.[98]
As a son of immigrants, Jindal has stated that legal immigration brings many benefits to the United States. He has, however, criticized illegal immigration as a drain on the economy, as well as being unfair to those who entered the country by legal means. He has voted to build a fence along the Mexican border and opposes granting amnesty for illegal aliens.[86][99]
Jindal supports increased health insurance portability, laws promoting coverage of pre-existing medical conditions, a cap on malpractice lawsuits, an easing of restrictions on importation of prescription medications, the implementation of a streamlined electronic medical records system, an emphasis on preventative care rather than emergency room care, and tax benefits aimed at making health insurance more affordable for the uninsured and targeted to promote universal access. Since Governor Jindal has taken office, over 11,000 uninsured children have been added to the State's Children's Health Insurance Program. He opposes a federal government-run, single-payer system, but supports state efforts to reduce the uninsured population.[100] He has also supported expanding services for autistic children, and has promoted a national childhood cancer database.[86] In collaboration with Health Secretary Alan Levine, Governor Jindal has drafted the Louisiana Health First Initiative. This plan focuses on expanding health insurance coverage for the state's indigent population, increasing Medicaid choice, reducing fraud, authorizing funding of a new charity hospital, and increasing transparency in Medicaid by making performance measures available over the internet.[101] Jindal supports co-payments in Medicaid.[102]
Governor Bobby Jindal talks to residents of Krotz Springs, LA, during the 2011 flooding of the Mississippi River
Governor Jindal has issued an executive order increasing office recycling programs, reducing solid waste and promoting paperless practices, offering tax credit for hybrid fuel vehicles, increasing average fuel economy goals by 2010, as well as increasing energy efficiency goals and standards for the state.[103] He has stated his opposition to and voted for the criminalization of oil cartels such as OPEC. As a representative in the House, he supported a $300 million bill to fund Louisiana coastal restoration. In addition, he was the chief sponsor of successful legislation to expand the Jean Lafitte National Historical Park by over 3,000 acres (12 km2).[86][104] Jindal has pledged state support for the development of economically friendly cars in northeastern Louisiana in conjunction with alternative energy advocate T. Boone Pickens.[105] Jindal voted to censure a website which promoted the controversial Yucca Mountain nuclear waste repository.
In 2007, Jindal led the Louisiana House delegation and ranked 14th among House members in requested earmark funding at nearly $97 million (however in over 99% of these requests, Jindal was a co-sponsor and not the primary initiator of the earmark legislation).[106][107] $5 million of Jindal's earmark requests were for state defense and indigent healthcare related expenditures, another $50 million was for increasing the safety of Louisiana's waterways and levees after breaches following Hurricane Katrina, and the remainder was targeted towards coastal restoration and alternative energy research.[108][109] As Governor in 2008, Jindal used his line item veto to strike $16 million in earmarks from the state budget but declined to veto $30 million in legislator-added spending. Jindal vetoed over 250 earmarks in the 2008 state budget, twice the total number of such vetoes by previous governors in the preceding twelve years.[110]
Jindal signed a law that permits teachers at public schools to supplement standard evolutionary curricula with analysis and critiques that may include intelligent design.[111] The law forbids "the promotion of any religious doctrine and will not discriminate against religion or non-religion." Louisiana ACLU Director Marjorie Esman says that if the act is utilized as written, it is on firm constitutional footing, but there is strong potential for abuse,[112] stating that the Act is "susceptible to a constitutional challenge."[113] Despite calls for a veto from groups such as National Review, and some of Jindal's genetics professors at Brown University,[114] Jindal signed the Louisiana Academic Freedom Act which passed with a vote of 94-3 in the State House and 35-0 in the State Senate in 2008. As a result of this, the Society for Integrative and Comparative Biology rejected New Orleans as a site for their 2010 meeting and the American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology will not conduct future meetings in Louisiana.[115][116]
Jindal has been an opponent to the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 on the basis that it is not accompanied by revenue increases and that it will further exacerbate the burgeoning national debt. Citing concerns that the augmentation of unemployment insurance may obligate the state to raise taxes on businesses, Jindal had indicated his intention to forgo federal stimulus plan funds ($98 million) aimed at increasing unemployment insurance for Louisiana.[117] Louisiana has since been obligated to raise taxes on businesses because the unemployment trust fund had dropped below the prescribed threshold.[118] Louisiana was set to receive about $3.8 billion overall. Jindal intends to accept at least $2.4 billion from the stimulus package.[119] He called parts of the plan "irresponsible", saying that "the way to lead is not to raise taxes and put more money and power in hands of Washington politicians."[120]
Jindal was raised in a Hindu household, but converted to Christianity while in Baton Rouge Magnet High School. During his first year at Brown University, he was received into the Catholic Church. His family attends weekly Mass at Saint Aloysius Parish in Baton Rouge.[23]
Bobby and Supriya Jolly Jindal meet with then-President
George W. Bush.
Jindal's father, Amar Jindal, received a Bachelor of Science degree in civil engineering from Guru Nanak Dev University.[121][122] Jindal's mother, Raj (Pal) Jindal,[121] is an information technology director for the Louisiana Workforce Commission (formerly the Louisiana Department of Labor) and served as Assistant Secretary to former State Labor Secretary Garey Forster during the administration of Governor Murphy J. "Mike" Foster, Jr.[123] Prior to immigrating to the United States, both his parents were lecturers at an Indian engineering college.[124] According to Jindal, his mother was already four months pregnant with him when they arrived from India.[125] Jindal has a younger brother, Nikesh, who is a registered Republican and supported his brother's campaign for Governor.[126][127] Nikesh went to Dartmouth College and then Yale Law School, where he graduated with honors. He is now a lawyer in Washington, D. C..[122]
Jindal's nickname dates to his childhood identification with a sitcom character. He has said, "Every day after school, I'd come home and I'd watch The Brady Bunch. And I identified with Bobby, you know? He was about my age, and 'Bobby' stuck."[128] He has been known by his nickname ever since, though his legal name remains Piyush Jindal.[129]
In 1997, Jindal married Supriya Jolly who was born in New Delhi, India and moved to Baton Rouge with her parents when she was four years old.[130] They attended the same high school, but Supriya's family moved from Baton Rouge to New Orleans after her freshman year and they did not begin dating until later, when Jindal invited her to a Mardi Gras party after another friend had canceled. Supriya Jindal earned a bachelor's degree in chemical engineering and an M.B.A. degree from Tulane University.[131] She is working on a Ph.D. in marketing at Louisiana State University.[132] She created The Supriya Jindal Foundation for Louisiana's Children, a non-profit organization aimed at improving math and science education in grade schools.[133] They have three children: Selia Elizabeth, Shaan Robert, and Slade Ryan. Shaan was born with a congenital heart defect and had surgery as an infant. The Jindals have been outspoken advocates for children with congenital defects, particularly those without insurance. In 2006, Jindal and his wife delivered their third child at home. Barely able to call 911 before the delivery, Jindal received medical coaching by phone to deliver their eight-pound, 2.5-ounce boy.[134]
A list of Jindal's published writings up to 2001 can be found in the hearing report for his 2001 U.S. Senate confirmation.[135] They include newspaper columns, law review articles, and first authorships in several scientific and policy articles that have appeared in the prominent Journal of the American Medical Association, Journal of the Louisiana State Medical Association, and Hospital Outlook.[136]
Jindal’s pre-2001 writings include several articles in the New Oxford Review, one of which later made news during his 2003 gubernatorial race.[137] In that 1994 article titled "Physical Dimensions of Spiritual Warfare", Jindal described the events leading up to an apparent exorcism of a friend and how he felt unable to help her at the time. However, Jindal questioned if what he saw was actually an example of "spiritual warfare".[138]
In November 2010, Jindal published the book Leadership and Crisis, a semi-autobiography significantly influenced by the Governor's experiences with the most recent Gulf Oil Spill.
- Governor of Louisiana, 2003
- Threshold > 50%
- First Ballot, October 4, 2003
| Candidate |
Affiliation |
Support |
Outcome |
| Bobby Jindal |
Republican |
443,389 (33%) |
Runoff |
| Kathleen Blanco |
Democratic |
250,136 (18%) |
Runoff |
| Richard Ieyoub |
Democratic |
223,513 (16%) |
Defeated |
| Claude "Buddy" Leach |
Democratic |
187,872 (14%) |
Defeated |
| Others |
n.a. |
257,614 (19%) |
Defeated |
- Second Ballot, November 15, 2003
| Candidate |
Affiliation |
Support |
Outcome |
| Kathleen Blanco |
Democratic |
731,358 (52%) |
Elected |
| Bobby Jindal |
Republican |
676,484 (48%) |
Defeated |
- U. S. Representative, 1st Congressional District, 2004
- Threshold > 50%
- First Ballot, November 2, 2004
| Candidate |
Affiliation |
Support |
Outcome |
| Bobby Jindal |
Republican |
225,708 (78%) |
Elected |
| Roy Armstrong |
Democratic |
19,266 (7%) |
Defeated |
| Others |
n.a. |
42,923 (15%) |
Defeated |
- U. S. Representative, 1st Congressional District, 2006
- Threshold > 50%
- First Ballot, November 7, 2006
| Candidate |
Affiliation |
Support |
Outcome |
| Bobby Jindal |
Republican |
130,508 (88%) |
Elected |
| David Gereighty |
Democratic |
10,919 (7%) |
Defeated |
| Others |
n.a. |
6,701 (5%) |
Defeated |
- Governor of Louisiana, 2007
- Threshold > 50%
- First Ballot, October 20, 2007
| Candidate |
Affiliation |
Support |
Outcome |
| Bobby Jindal |
Republican |
699,672 (54%) |
Elected |
| Walter Boasso |
Democratic |
226,364 (17%) |
Defeated |
| John Georges |
Independent |
186,800 (14%) |
Defeated |
| Foster Campbell |
Democratic |
161,425 (12%) |
Defeated |
| Others |
n.a. |
23,682 (3%) |
Defeated |
- Governor of Louisiana, 2011
- Threshold > 50%
- First Ballot, October 22, 2011
| Candidate |
Affiliation |
Support |
Outcome |
| Bobby Jindal |
Republican |
672,950 (66%) |
Elected |
| Tara Hollis |
Democratic |
182,755 (18%) |
Defeated |
| Cary J. Deaton |
Democratic |
49,988 (5%) |
Defeated |
| Ivo "Trey" Roberts |
Democratic |
33,194 (3%) |
Defeated |
- ^ Jonathan Tilove (May 6, 2011). "Gov. Bobby Jindal releases his birth certificate". New Orleans Times-Picayune. http://www.nola.com/politics/index.ssf/2011/05/gov_bobby_jindal_releases_his.html.
- ^ Michelle Millhollon, "Jindal apparent winner *** Main foes concede election," The Advocate (Baton Rouge, La.), October 21, 2007.
- ^ a b Nossiter, Adam (October 22, 2007). "In a Southern U.S. state, immigrants' son takes over". International Herald Tribune. http://www.iht.com/articles/2007/10/22/america/22louisiana.php.
- ^ a b c d Sager, Mike (February 24, 2009), "Bobby Jindal, All American", Esquire
- ^ "Governor Bobby Jindal" BobbyJindal.com, Retrieved 2010-11-27.
- ^ "Beating a Demon: Physical Dimensions of Spiritual Warfare" by Bobby Jindal
- ^ Konieczko, Jill (May 22, 2008). "10 Things You Didn't Know About Bobby Jindal". U.S. News & World Report. http://www.usnews.com/articles/news/campaign-2008/2008/05/22/10-things-you-didnt-know-about-bobby-jindal.html.
- ^ Miller, John J. (May 14, 2007). "The Louisiana wunderkind: beholding Rep. Bobby Jindal" (republished onFindArticles). National Review. Archived from the original on January 5, 2008. http://web.archive.org/web/20080105125950/http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1282/is_8_59/ai_n19052994/print.
- ^ Bobby Jindal set to enjoy his big GOP moment in US Congress
- ^ Rush Limbaugh defends Bobby Jindal - Congressman Bobby Jindal - Zimbio
- ^ Hasten, Mike (September 19, 2007). "Governor's race becomes a labor vs. business battle". The Town Talk (Alexandria, LA). http://www.thetowntalk.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20070919/NEWS01/709190323/1002/NEWS17.
- ^ Governor Bobby Jindal | State of Louisiana
- ^ Biography of Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation at the Wayback Machine, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, c. 2001. Retrieved 25 October 2007.
- ^ "Bobby's Experience". About Bobby. bobbyjindal.com. 2008. http://www.bobbyjindal.com/bobby/bobby_experience.aspx.
- ^ "Bobby Jindal announces he is stepping down as HHS Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation" (Press release). United States Department of Health and Human Services. February 13, 2003. http://www.hhs.gov/news/press/2003pres/20030213b.html. Retrieved 2007-10-25.
- ^ Moller, Jan (August 16, 2007). "Jindal counters Demo attacks; Rapid response to ads reflects shift in tactics". The Times-Picayune (New Orleans, LA). http://www.nola.com/timespic/stories/index.ssf?/base/news-5/1187248123127760.xml&coll=1.
- ^ Catholic Culture : News Features
- ^ 3-general-election/ "Two Louisiana Congressional Districts Primed for May 3 General Election". Fox News. Associated Press. April 6, 2008. http://elections.foxnews.com/2008/04/06/two-louisiana-congressional-districts-primed-for-may 3-general-election/. Retrieved 2008-10-18. "In the 1st Congressional District....the staunchly conservative district...."
- ^ Gerard Shields, "New La. congressmen catching up fast", The Advocate (Baton Rouge, La.), December 19, 2004. The first Indian-American elected to Congress was Dalip Singh Saund, a California Democrat, serving from 1957 to 1963.
- ^ Moller, Jan (January 23, 2007). "Jindal quietly begins his run". The Times-Picayune (New Orleans, LA). http://www.nola.com/news/t-p/capital/index.ssf?/base/news-4/116953841215500.xml&coll=1.
- ^ "Official Election Results for Election Date: 10/20/07". Louisiana Secretary of State. http://www400.sos.louisiana.gov:8090/cgibin/?rqstyp=elcms2&rqsdta=102007.
- ^ Governor Bobby Jindal
- ^ a b Whoriskey, Peter (October 21, 2007). "Jindal Wins Louisiana Race, Becomes First Indian American Governor". The Washington Post: p. A8. http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/10/20/AR2007102000528.html. Retrieved 2007-10-21.
- ^ Jan Moller (21 October 2007). "1st Indian-American governor in U.S. vows 'fresh start' for La". The Times-Picayune. http://www.nola.com/elections/index.ssf/2007/10/1st_indianamerican_governor_in.html. Retrieved 24 March 2012.
- ^ Zhao, Xiaojian (2009). Asian American chronology: chronologies of the American mosaic. ABC-CLIO. p. 124. ISBN 9780313348754. http://books.google.com/books?id=SQPRCA9S9WAC&lpg=PA124&ots=5_UiXZusVU&dq=Fourth%20Asian%20American%20governor%20jindal&pg=PA124#v=onepage&q=Fourth%20Asian%20American%20governor%20jindal&f=false. Retrieved 24 March 2012.
- ^ http://www.jenningsdailynews.net/arch_news.php?id=1137
- ^ Election 2008: Louisiana Senate - Rasmussen Reports™
- ^ "Text of Gov. Jindal Inauguration speech (includes video)". WWL-TV. New Orleans, LA. January 14, 2008. http://www.wwltv.com/local/stories/wwl011408jbspeech.20d0352a.html.
- ^ "Official Election Results for Election Date: 5/03/08". Louisiana Secretary of State. http://www400.sos.louisiana.gov:8090/cgibin/?rqstyp=elcms2&rqsdta=050308.
- ^ Scott, Robert Travis (June 27, 2008). "Recall petition filed against JindalRecall petition filed against Jindal". The Times-Picayune. http://www.nola.com/news/index.ssf/2008/06/recall_petition_filed_against.html. "Ryan and Kourtney Fournier of Jefferson submitted paperwork to the Secretary of State's office that allows them to attempt to collect the nearly 1 million signatures needed over the next 180 days to force a recall election of the governor... He had pledged during his campaign last year to prohibit an immediate legislative pay raise."
- ^ "Jindal Action Plan" (PDF). available from WJBO-AM. http://www.wjbo.com/cc-common/mlib/1178/06/1178_1213729996.pdf.
- ^ "Gov. Jindal's veto refusal contradicts candidate Jindal's campaign pledge". The Daily Advertiser. June 18, 2008. http://www.theadvertiser.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20080618/NEWS01/806180328/1001/NEWS. "'I am very sorry to see the Legislature do this,' he said. 'More than doubling legislative pay is not reasonable and the public has been clear on that... I will keep my pledge to let [the legislature] govern themselves and make their own decisions as a separate branch of government. I will not let anything, even this clearly excessive pay raise, stop us from moving forward with a clear plan of reform.'"
- ^ Anderson, Ed (June 30, 2008). "Jindal vetoes legislative raise". The Times-Picayune. http://www.nola.com/news/index.ssf/2008/06/jindal_vetoes_legislative_rais.html. "Gov. Bobby Jindal announced today that he has vetoed the legislative pay raise. After days of saying he would not reject the unpopular measure, Jindal said this morning that he had changed his mind. 'I thank the people for their voice and their attention,' Jindal said of the public outcry against the raise. 'I am going to need your help to move this state forward. ... The voters have demanded change... I made a mistake by staying out if it'."
- ^ 2theadvocate.com | News | State’s bond rating upgraded again — Baton Rouge, LA
- ^ "Obama, live from New Orleans". USA Today. October 15, 2009. http://content.usatoday.com/communities/theoval/post/2009/10/68501045/1. Retrieved April 26, 2010.
- ^ "Jim Beam, Jindal Becomes Mileage Champion". Lake Charles American Press, January 11, 2009. http://epaper.americanpress.com/Repository/ml.asp?Ref=QW1QLzIwMDkvMDEvMTEjQXIwMDUwMQ==&Mode=HTML&Locale=english-skin-custom. Retrieved January 23, 2009.
- ^ http://www.shreveporttimes.com/article/20090507/NEWS05/90507035
- ^ http://bestofneworleans.com/gyrobase/PrintFriendly?oid=oid%3A53436
- ^ Governor Bobby Jindal
- ^ "Jindal and Nagin praised for response to Gustav". Associated Press. Newsday.com. September 4, 2008. http://www.newsday.com/services/newspaper/printedition/thursday/nation/ny-usgust045828625sep04,0,1879653.story.
- ^ Bobby Jindal's hurricane handling comes in for more praise - news
- ^ Tanner, Robert (September 3, 2008). "Gustav political report card: Jindal, Nagin lauded". Associated Press. Cleveland.com. http://www.cleveland.com/nation/index.ssf/2008/09/gustav_political_report_card_j.html.
- ^ Whoriskey, Peter (September 3, 2008). "Jindal Presents A Face of Calm During the Storm; La. Governor Hailed for Recovery Efforts". Washington Post: p. A06. http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2008/09/02/AR2008090203049.html.
- ^ Curl, Joseph (February 12, 2008). "Running mate guessing game begins". Washington Times. http://washingtontimes.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20080212/NATION/504804903/1001. Retrieved 2008-03-03.
- ^ Nagourney, Adam (May 21, 2008). "McCain to Meet 3 Possible Running Mates". New York Times. http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/24762893/. Retrieved 2008-05-21.
- ^ Dvorak, Blake (May 22, 2008). "What About Jindal?". Real Clear Politics. http://time-blog.com/real_clear_politics/2008/05/what_about_jindal.html. Retrieved 2008-05-22.
- ^ a b "Jindal Says He's Not Interested in No. 2 Spot With McCain". 'Fox News. July 23, 2008. http://elections.foxnews.com/2008/07/23/jindal-says-hes-not-interested-in-no-2-spot-with-mccain/. Retrieved 2008-07-23.
- ^ Bobby Jindal: Obama 'greatest' speaker: The Swamp
- ^ Bacon, Perry, Jr. (February 25, 2009). "In GOP Response, Jindal Blasts Stimulus". Washington Post: p. A08. http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2009/02/24/AR2009022404300.html. Retrieved February 25, 2009.
- ^ "Transcript - The Republican Response by Gov. Bobby Jindal". The New York Times. February 24, 2009. http://www.nytimes.com/2009/02/24/us/politics/24jindal-text.html?pagewanted=all. Retrieved February 25, 2009.
- ^ "Gov. Bobby Jindal's volcano remark has some fuming". CNN. February 25, 2009. http://www.cnn.com/2009/POLITICS/02/25/jindal.volcanoes/?iref=mpstoryview. Retrieved February 25, 2009.
- ^ The Rachel Maddow Show on msnbc.com. "Rachel Re:Sponse".
- ^ a b Fouhy, Beth (February 25, 2009). "Republicans, Democrats criticize Jindal's speech". Associated Press. http://abcnews.go.com/US/wireStory?id=6959091. Retrieved February 26, 2009. [dead link]
- ^ Przybyla, Heidi (February 25, 2009). "Jindal’s Response to Obama Address Panned by Fellow Republicans". Bloomberg L.P.. http://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=20601087&sid=aKyeCP.LGe5s&refer=home. Retrieved February 25, 2009.
- ^ Mooney, Alexander (February 25, 2009). "Jindal earns bad reviews in national debut". CNN. http://www.cnn.com/2009/POLITICS/02/25/jindal.reaction/?iref=mpstoryview. Retrieved February 25, 2009.
- ^ "Jindal earns bad reviews in national debut - CNN.com". CNN. February 26, 2009. http://www.cnn.com/2009/POLITICS/02/25/jindal.reaction/index.html. Retrieved April 26, 2010.
- ^ Montopoli, Brian (February 27, 2009). "Was Jindal's Katrina Story Accurate?". CBS News. http://www.cbsnews.com/blogs/2009/02/27/politics/politicalhotsheet/entry4834777.shtml.
- ^ Jindal aides clarify Katrina story - Ben Smith - POLITICO.com
- ^ One night only Barack Obama vs. Bobby Jindal, Christian Science Monitor, February 11, 2009
- ^ Millhollon, Michelle (2009-08-30). "Governor’s Sunday helicopter travels have come at taxpayers’ expense". The Advocate. http://www.2theadvocate.com/news/56139902.html?showAll=y&c=y. Retrieved 2009-10-10.
- ^ "Bobby Jindal Selects Education Transition Team". bayoubuzz.com. http://www.bayoubuzz.com/News/Louisiana/Government/Bobby_Jindal_Selects_Education_Transition_Team__5213.asp. Retrieved October 31, 2009.
- ^ 2theadvocate.com | Politics | Jindal sends Senate list of appointees — Baton Rouge, LA
- ^ "Tom Kelly, "Fannin to chair House Appropriations: New administration takes office as 'mirror image' from 80 years ago"". thepineywoods.com. http://www.thepineywoods.com/FanninJan08.htm. Retrieved November 9, 2009.
- ^ Ben Smith. "Jindal says no". Politico.com. http://www.politico.com/blogs/bensmith/1208/Jindal_says_no.html?showall. Retrieved 2008-12-10.
- ^ Baltimore, Chris (February 19, 2009). "Republicans tap Louisiana governor for big speech". Reuters. http://uk.reuters.com/article/usPoliticsNews/idUKTRE51I42K20090219.
- ^ "Jindal PAC Formed for Presidential Run". June 15, 2009. http://www.newsmax.com/insidecover/bobby_jindal_governor/2009/06/15/225488.html.
- ^ "For GOP, no frontrunner and no worries". Politico. April 11, 2010. http://www.politico.com/news/stories/0410/35621_Page3.html.
- ^ "Louisiana Gov. Bobby Jindal Re-Elected in a Landslide". Fox News. AP. October 22, 2011. http://www.foxnews.com/politics/2011/10/22/louisiana-gov-bobby-jindal-expected-to-coast-to-re-election/.
- ^ http://louisianavoice.com/2012/04/18/first-it-was-corporations-bailing-out-now-the-parade-of-louisiana-legislators-exiting-alec-membership-begins/
- ^ "Jindal to support Kleckley in speaker race". wwl.com. http://www.wwl.com/pages/10215886.php?poll103281ViewResults=1. Retrieved October 26, 2011.
- ^ "Ed Anderson, "Gov. Bobby Jindal endorses Sen. John Alario as his choice for Senate president", October 25, 2011". nola.com. http://www.nola.com/politics/index.ssf/2011/10/gov_b0obby_jindal_endorses_wes.html. Retrieved October 26, 2011.
- ^ "John Maginnis, "Standing Up to Jindal", January 23, 2012". businessreport.com. http://www.businessreport.com/article/20120123/BUSINESSREPORT0203/301239986. Retrieved January 31, 2012.
- ^ "4th time is the charm -- Peacock defeats Jindal-backed candidate for Senate seat". politicsla.com. http://www.politicsla.com/home/item/999-4th-time-is-the-charm-peacock-defeats-jindal-backed-candidate-for-senate-seat. Retrieved January 31, 2012.
- ^ "Smith takes Jindal Administration role, January 11, 2011". bossierpress.com. http://bossierpress.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=5775:smith-takes-jindal-administration-role&catid=1:local-news&Itemid=134. Retrieved January 30, 2012.
- ^ a b c "Bobby Jindal on Abortion". On the Issues. September 16, 2008. http://www.ontheissues.org/House/Bobby_Jindal_Abortion.htm.
- ^ Sentell, Will and Dyer, Scott (November 11, 2003). "Abortion flier offends Jindal". The Advocate (Baton Rouge, LA). http://nl.newsbank.com/nl-search/we/Archives?p_product=AD&p_theme=ad&p_action=search&p_maxdocs=200&p_topdoc=1&p_text_direct-0=0FEC6C97E8FB05E0&p_field_direct-0=document_id&p_perpage=10&p_sort=YMD_date:D&s_trackval=GooglePM. "He said he does not condemn medical procedures aimed at saving the life of the mother that result indirectly in the loss of the unborn child as a secondary effect."
- ^ a b John Hill (November 12, 2003). "Gubernatorial candidates to meet today in final TV debate". Capitol Watch: Your Guide to Louisiana State Government. http://capitolwatch.reallouisiana.com/html/BC4983D2-AC99-421E-83DC-00FD0707A94D.shtml.
- ^ Walls, Seth Colter, "Who Is Bobby Jindal? The Good, The Bad, And The Ugly", Huffington Post, 2008-05-30
- ^ GOP Looks to Louisiana's Governor", The Washington Post, 2008-11-30
- ^ Romano, Andrew, "Their Own Obama", Newsweek, 2008-12-22
- ^ Alpert, Bruce and Jan Moller (May 21, 2008). "Jindal to meet Friday with McCain". The Times-Picayune. http://www.nola.com/news/index.ssf/2008/05/report_mccain_to_meet_with_jin.html. "Jindal is seen as solid on conservative social issues such as opposition to abortion and embryonic stem cell research."
- ^ "Bobby Jindal on Civil Rights". OntheIssues.org. http://www.ontheissues.org/House/Bobby_Jindal_Civil_Rights.htm.
- ^ Louisiana Gov. Jindal picks Louisiana Commission on Marriage and Family on BayouBuzz.com.
- ^ "Louisiana Gov. Jindal Picks Louisiana Commission on Marriage and Family". Louisiana Daily News. November 3, 2008. http://url.moosaico.com/6145.
- ^ Jindal vetoes legislative raise | NOLA.com
- ^ a b c d Bobby Jindal on the Issues
- ^ I-Team: Governor's Office Ranks Last In Transparency - New Orleans News Story - WDSU New Orleans
- ^ Louisiana Governor Bobby Jindal Speaks at the NRA Annual Meetings - Mixx
- ^ "GOA House Ratings For The 109th Congress". GunOwners.org. October 2006. Archived from the original on 2008-01-22. http://web.archive.org/web/20080122040555/http://www.gunowners.org/109hrat.htm.
- ^ Tidmore, Christopher (May 24, 2004). "The Weekly's inside political track....". Louisiana Weekly. Archived from the original on 2006-10-17. http://web.archive.org/web/20061017040235/http://www.louisianaweekly.com/weekly/news/articlegate.pl?20040524p.
- ^ Moses, Caroline (June 18, 2008). "Stelly tax ad causing controversy". Baton Rouge, LA: WAFB Channel 9. http://www.wafb.com/Global/story.asp?S=8521558&nav=menu57_1.
- ^ "Hundreds rally against higher education cuts". The Advocate (Baton Rouge, LA).
- ^ http://www.nola.com/politics/index.ssf/2012/03/bobby_jindal_education_bills_w.html
- ^ [1]
- ^ Wolfgang, Ben (April 3, 2012). "Some Louisiana teachers look to expel governor". The Washington Times.
- ^ "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 296". U.S. House of Representatives. 22 June 2005. http://clerk.house.gov/evs/2005/roll296.xml. "H J RES 10 2/3 YEA-AND-NAY .....QUESTION: On Passage ...BILL TITLE: Proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the United States authorizing the Congress to prohibit the physical desecration of the flag of the United States."
- ^ "Key Votes: HR 418: Real ID Act of 2005 (Immigration)". VoteSmart.org. 02/10/2005. http://www.votesmart.org/issue_keyvote_detail.php?cs_id=8224&can_id=35481. |>
- ^ "Senate Panel Rejects Cycle Helmet Repeal". Natchez Democrat, Natchez, Mississippi. http://www.natchezdemocrat.com/news/2009/jun/11/senate-panel-rejects-cycle-helmet-repeal/. Retrieved July 14, 2009.
- ^ "The Republican Response by Gov. Bobby Jindal". The New York Times. February 24, 2009. http://www.nytimes.com/2009/02/24/us/politics/24jindal-text.html. Retrieved April 26, 2010.
- ^ "Governor Bobby Jindal Discusses Health Care Reform He Wants to See". Fox News. September 29, 2009. http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,557283,00.html.
- ^ Louisiana Health First - Louisiana Department of Health and Hospitals
- ^ Bobby Jindal 2004 Congressional Campaign Website
- ^ Louisiana Governor Bobby Jindal Announces Executive Order on Environmentally Friendly Government | All American Patriots: Politics, economy, health, environment, energy and te...
- ^ House Committee Unanimously Approves Rep. Jindal Legislation To Expand Jean Lafitte Barataria Preserve - Us Fed News Service, Including Us State News | Highbeam Research - Fre...
- ^ Miata Designer Matano, T. Boone Pickens Part of Start-Up Car Company - Auto Observer
- ^ Bobby Jindal's secret love affair with earmarks added up to more than $97 million in FY '08 | BuzzFlash.org
- ^ "Total Earmarks in FY08 Appropriations Bills, by Earmarks Received" (MS Excel). Taxpayers for Common Sense. http://www.taxpayer.net/user_uploads/file/Database%20Docs/membernumbers.xls.
- ^ Bobby Jindal: Campaign Finance/Money - Other Data - Earmarks 2008 | OpenSecrets
- ^ Bobby Jindal - House Defense Appropriations, FY2008 - EarmarkWatch.org
- ^ Moller, Jan (July 15, 2008). "Jindal hacks budget earmarks". The Times-Picayune. http://www.nola.com/news/t-p/frontpage/index.ssf?/base/news-11/121609935236570.xml&coll=1&thispage=2.
- ^ McCulley, Russell (October 4, 2007). "The Second Coming of Bobby Jindal". Time Magazine. http://www.time.com/time/politics/article/0,8599,1668433,00.html.
- ^ "The evidence at trial demonstrates that ID is nothing less than the progeny of creationism" (page 31) in "Judgement" of Kitzmiller v. Dover Area School District
- ^ Esman, Marjorie. 2009. "ACLU Comments on Bulletin 741, § 2304" June 8, 2009 letter.
- ^ Barrow, Bill (26 June 2008). "Science law could set tone for Jindal". The Times-Picayune. http://www.nola.com/news/index.ssf/2008/06/science_law_could_set_tone_for.html.
- ^ Satterlie, Robert (February 5, 2009). "Letter to Bobby Jindal" (PDF). Society for Integrative and Comparative Biology. http://www.sicb.org/resources/LouisianaLetterJindal.pdf. Retrieved 27 February 2009.
- ^ Gill, James (February 18, 2009). "Mad scientists". Times-Picayune. http://www.nola.com/timespic/stories/index.ssf?/base/news-0/1234938291272770.xml&coll=1. Retrieved February 27, 2009.
- ^ "Jindal to Turn Down Stimulus $$$ for Jobless". Newser.com. February 20, 2009. http://www.newser.com/story/51405/jindal-to-turn-down-stimulus-for-jobless.html.
- ^ "Unemployment taxes to rise, benefits shrink in 2010". nola.com. September 23, 2009. http://www.nola.com/politics/index.ssf/2009/09/unemployment_taxes_to_rise_ben.html.
- ^ "Jindal to use $2.4 billion from stimulus package". WWL-TV. March 2009. http://www.wwltv.com/topstories/stories/wwl030409cbstimulus.29c0d8c.html.
- ^ [2] Ben Pershing, "Obama Emphasizes Reform, Offers Hope Amid Economic Crisis." The Washington Post, February 24, 2009. Retrieved July 14, 2009.
- ^ a b The Tribune, Chandigarh, India - Punjab
- ^ a b Bobby Jindal Biography - Who Is Republican Governor Bobby Jindal? - Esquire
- ^ Millhollon, Michelle (March 19, 2008). "Jindal’s mother still with state". The Advocate (Baton Rouge, LA: 2theadvocate.com): p. 10A. http://www.2theadvocate.com/news/16805881.html.
- ^ Bobby Jindal Biography - Who Is Republican Governor Bobby Jindal? - Esquire
- ^ "Bobby Jindal on Principles & Values", On the Issues. Retrieved June 25, 2010.
- ^ Bobby Jindal
- ^ Nikesh Jindal - $4,000 in Political Contributions for 2004
- ^ "Bobby Jindal: The GOP's Rising Star?". 60 Minutes (CBS News). March 1, 2009. http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2009/02/27/60minutes/main4834864.shtml. Retrieved 2009-03-02.
- ^ Haniffa, Ariz (November 16, 2003). "He is Piyush, not Bobby". India Abroad (Baton Rouge, LA). http://www.rediff.com/news/2003/nov/16jindal1.htm.
- ^ Weiner, Rachel (March 24, 2009). "Meghan McCain Interviews Supriya Jindal, First Lady of Louisiana". Huffington Post. http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2009/03/24/meghan-mccain-interviews_n_178458.html.
- ^ http://www.nola.com/living/index.ssf/2008/01/suddenly_supriya_louisianas_ne.html
- ^ Mom Congress Advisor: Supriya Jindal - Parenting.com
- ^ Jindal Foundation home page
- ^ 10 Things You Didn't Know About Bobby Jindal - US News and World Report
- ^ "Nominatons of Claude Allen, Thomas Scully, Piyush Jindal, Linnet F. Deily, Peter Allgeier, Peter R. Fisher, and James Gurule", U.S. Senate Hearing 107-130, 107th Congress, 1st Session, May 16, 2001, pp. 95–97. Retrieved 2010-11-27.
- ^ PubMed.gov, U.S. National Library of Medicine
- ^ Goddard, Taegan (November 7, 2003). "Jindal and Satan". Political Wire. http://politicalwire.com/archives/2003/11/07/jindal_and_satan.html. Retrieved June 12, 2008.
- ^ Jindal, Bobby (December 1994). "Beating A Demon: Physical Dimensions of Spiritual Warfare". New Oxford Review. http://www.newoxfordreview.org/article.jsp?did=1294-jindal. Retrieved May 12, 2010. "I began to think that the demon would only attack me if I tried to pray or fight back....Did I witness spiritual warfare? I do not have the answers..."
- Governor
- Louisiana Governor Bobby Jindal official state site
- [/col2-content/main-content-list/bobby-jindal.html Biography at the National Governors Association
- Biography, interest group ratings, public statements, vetoes and campaign finances at Project Vote Smart
- Biography at WhoRunsGov.com at The Washington Post
- Issue positions and quotes at On the Issues
- Campaign contributions at FollowTheMoney.org
- Appearances on C-SPAN programs
- Appearances at the Internet Movie Database
- Collected news and commentary at The New York Times
- Profile at Notable Names Database
- Collected reports on Jindal from SAJAforum.org
- Complete text, audio, video of Bobby Jindal's first gubernatorial election victory address
- Complete text, audio, video of Bobby Jindal's first gubernatorial inaugural address
- Complete text, audio, video of Bobby Jindal's second gubernatorial inauguration address
- Jindal, Bobby Fiscal Conservatism Helped Louisiana Beat Katrina Wall Street Journal, August 29, 2008
- Jindal, Bobby Beating a Demon: Physical Dimensions of Spiritual Warfare New Oxford Review, December 1994
- Congress
| Persondata |
| Name |
Jindal, Piyush "Bobby" |
| Alternative names |
|
| Short description |
Governor of Louisiana |
| Date of birth |
1971-06-10 |
| Place of birth |
Baton Rouge, Louisiana |
| Date of death |
|
| Place of death |
|
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