PARC or Parc may refer to:

• PARC (company), the Palo Alto Research Center (Formerly Xerox PARC)
• PARC Management, a theme park and entertainment venue operator
• Parc, New York, a census-designated place named for the Plattsburgh Airbase Redevelopment Corporation
• Parc, Penrhyndeudraeth, a ruined mansion once owned by the Anwyl of Tywyn Family of Gwynedd, Wales
• Palo Alto Rowing Club
• Parc (HM Prison), a prison in South Wales
• Parc (AMT), commuter rail station in Montreal, Canada
  • Parc (Montreal Metro), a metro station in Montreal, Canada
• President's Appalachian Regional Commission
• Prison Activist Resource Center
• an alias of the Swedish trance artist Jezper Söderlund
• Arctic Village Airport (ICAO: PARC), an airport in Arctic Village, Alaska

This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the same title. If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article.

Richie Hawtin
Background information
Birth name	Richard Hawtin
Born	(1970-06-04) June 4, 1970 (age 42) Oxfordshire, England
Origin	Windsor, Ontario
Genres	Techno, minimal techno, Detroit techno, ambient
Labels	Plus 8, M-nus, NovaMute
Website	richiehawtin.com

Richard (Richie) Hawtin (born June 4, 1970, Banbury, Oxfordshire) is an English-Canadian electronic musician and DJ who was an influential part of Detroit techno's second wave of artists in the early 1990s and a leading exponent of Minimal techno since the mid 1990s. He is best known for his abstract, minimal works under the alias Plastikman, a pseudonym he still uses today.

Hawtin is known for DJing minimal techno sets making use of laptop computers and digital mixing equipment. In May 1990, Hawtin and fellow second-waver John Acquaviva founded the Plus 8 record label, which they named after their turntable's pitch adjust function.^[1] In 1998, Hawtin launched Minus records.^[2]

Biography[link]

Hawtin was born in Banbury, Oxfordshire, England,^[3] but moved when he was aged nine to LaSalle, Ontario, a suburb of Windsor, Ontario, and just across the river from Detroit, the birthplace of techno. His father worked as a robotics technician at General Motors, and was a fan of electronic music, introducing his son to Kraftwerk and Tangerine Dream at an early age. He has one brother, Matthew, who is a visual artist and ambient music DJ. Hawtin attended Sandwich Secondary High School in LaSalle. He began to DJ in clubs in Detroit at 17, and his early style was a mix of house music and techno.^[4]

With Canadian DJ John Acquaviva he formed the label Plus 8 in 1990 to release his own tracks under the name F.U.S.E.^[4] He spent part of 2002 and 2003 living in New York City, and has since moved to Berlin, Germany. He said, "I’d always wanted to move to Europe. I needed somewhere that was inspiring and where there were like-minded musicians and artists, somewhere you could still experiment with music and with life. Berlin is so liberal in so many different ways; there’s an amazing club scene, there’s a great development software tech scene, there are so many resources here."^[4]

Career[link]

	"Substance Abuse" noicon "Substance Abuse" was released in 1991 under the F.U.S.E pseudonym
Problems listening to this file? See media help.

	"Ping Pong" noicon The minimalist track "Ping Pong" was recorded under the Plastikman alias
Problems listening to this file? See media help.

Hawtin has recorded music under the aliases Plastikman, F.U.S.E., Concept 1, Forcept 1, Circuit Breaker, Robotman, Chrome, Spark, Xenon, R.H.X., Jack Master, Richard Michaels and UP!. He also recorded and performed, in combination with other artists, under group names such as The Hard Brothers, Hard Trax (with his brother Matthew Hawtin), 0733, Cybersonik (with Daniel Bell and John Acquaviva), Final Exposure (with Joey Beltram and Mundo Muzique), Just For Fun (with Holger Wick), Narod Niki (with Akufen, Cabanne, Dandy Jack, Daniel Bell, Luciano, Ricardo Villalobos, Robert Henke and Thomas Franzmann), Two Guys In The Basement (with John Acquaviva), Spawn (with Fred Giannelli and Daniel Bell) and States Of Mind (with Acquaviva).

He was the mastermind of huge raves in the Detroit area, he ran several club nights, a yearly party at City Club and a crazy one at The Necto (nightclub) Additionally, Hawtin and Pete Namlook collaborated to produce the From Within series of albums which blend minimal techno and ambient. He has also released an album Sounds of the Third Season with Sven Väth.^[5]

In 2006, Hawtin collaborated with choreographer Enzo Cosimi on a composition called "9.20" for the Winter Olympics opening ceremony. He said, "Enzo and I are very much interested in pushing boundaries, both as artists and for our audiences. Working together for the Opening Ceremonies of the Winter Games delivers the creative endeavor to not only entertain a huge audience, but to also introduce them to sights and sounds that they may have never experienced before."^[6]

Slices magazine launched a series of biographies in 2007 called "Pioneers of Electronic Music"; their first issue was a 60 minute biographical documentary on Hawtin. The film follows his career from his early days crossing the border to Detroit to his current life in Berlin, and contains interviews with many colleagues and family members.

2011 saw the release of Arkives 1993 - 2010, a massive box set containing everything Hawtin has released under his Plastikman moniker, as well as a new mixed set and previously unreleased material. The collection includes CDs, vinyl, digital downloads and a DVD.

Hawtin dismisses speculation as to the demise of dance music. In an interview he said, "In the last few years, the interest in electronic music has gone back up, the quality of the music has gone back up, there’s a buzz which reminds you of the early days,” he insists. “From where I’m sitting right now, dance music is more vibrant than ever. In some countries you’ll always have the press saying it’s going down and writing it off, but somewhere else the interest level is soaring and people are discovering this music for the first time, like in South America, where it’s completely kicking off – it’s unbelievable down there. There are some great festivals and parties in Europe, and over the last five years I’ve seen Ibiza go from complete cheesy shite music to the resurgence of a number of different types of progressive electronic music."^[4]

Selected discography[link]

Albums[link]

• F.U.S.E.: Dimension Intrusion, 1993
• Plastikman: Sheet One, 1993
• Plastikman: Musik, 1994
• Plastikman: Recycled Plastik, 1994
• Plastikman: Sickness (EP), 1997
• Concept 1: 96:CD, 1998
• Concept 1: 96:VR, 1998 (remixed by Thomas Brinkmann)
• Plastikman: Consumed, 1998
• Plastikman: Artifakts [bc], 1998
• Plastikman: Closer, 2003
• Plastikman: Kompilation, 2010
• Plastikman: Arkives, 2011

DJ mix compilations[link]

• Richie Hawtin: Mixmag Live!, 1995 (Live DJ mix album)
• Richie Hawtin: Decks, EFX & 909, 1999 (DJ mix album)
• Richie Hawtin: DE9: Closer to the Edit, 2001 (DJ mix album)
• Richie Hawtin and Sven Väth: Sound of the Third Season, 2002 (DJ mix album)
• Richie Hawtin and Ricardo Villalobos Live at the Robert Johnson, Offenbach, Germany, 2004 (11 hour DJ set)
• Richie Hawtin: DE9 | Transitions, 2005 (DJ mix album)
• Richie Hawtin: DE9 lite: Electronic Adventures, 2006 (DJ mix album, produced with MixMag)
• Richie Hawtin: Sounds from Can Elles, 2008 (unmixed various artist compilation, free with DJ Magazine issue 467)
• Richie Hawtin: Mixmag presents: Richie Hawtin - New Horizons, 2012 (DJ mix album)

Awards[link]

References[link]

External links[link]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Richie Hawtin

• Richie Hawtin's official site
• Plastikman's official site
• Richie Hawtin's Minus record label site
• Richie Hawtin's discography at Discogs

This article may be expanded with text translated from the corresponding article in the French Wikipedia. (December 2009) Don't speak French? Click here to read a machine-translated version of the French article. Click [show] on the right to review important translation instructions before translating. Google's machine translation is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into English Wikipedia. Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article. After translating, {{Translated|fr|Johnny Hallyday}} must be added to the talk page to ensure copyright compliance. For more guidance, see Wikipedia:Translation.

Johnny Hallyday
Johnny Hallyday in 2003
Background information
Birth name	Jean-Philippe Smet
Born	(1943-06-15) 15 June 1943 (age 69)
Origin	Cité Malesherbes, Paris, France
Genres	Rock and roll
Occupations	Singer, actor
Years active	1959-Present
Labels	Vogue Philips Warner Universal
Website	http://www.johnnyhallyday.com/

Jean-Philippe Smet better known by his stage name Johnny Hallyday (born 15 June 1943, Cité Malesherbes, Paris, France) is a French^[1] singer and actor.^[2] An icon in the French-speaking world since the beginning of his career, he was considered by some^[3] to have been the French Elvis Presley. He was married for 15 years to popular Bulgarian-French singer Sylvie Vartan. They formed the golden couple of the sixties and seventies in Europe. Johnny has completed 100 tours, had 18 platinum albums, and sold more than 110 million records.^[4] Hallyday announced his retirement from performing on 3 December 2007, saying that he will retire in 2009,^[5] after a farewell tour. Hallyday, though, announced in March 2012 that he would perform in Los Angeles on April 24 and in New York City on October 7.

Early life[link]

This section requires expansion.

Hallyday's father, Léon Smet (1908–1989), was Belgian, his mother Huguette Clerc (1920–2007) was French. Hallyday took his stage name from his aunt Desta's husband and dance partner Lee Hallyday, a pseudonym for Lee Ketcham, an expatriate Oklahoman, performer and MC at the Cafe de Paris when Johnny began his singing career. Johnny was raised by Desta and Lee from a very young age, with Lee being his first manager.

Career[link]

Influenced by Elvis Presley and the 1950s rock revolution, Hallyday became famous in the 1960s for singing rock and roll in French. His debut single, "Laisse les filles" was released on the Vogue label in March 1960.^[6] His first album, Hello Johnny, was released in 1960.^[7] In 1961 his cover of "Let's Twist Again" sold over one million copies, and was awarded a gold disc.^[8] It topped almost every European chart, although the track did not appear in the UK Singles Chart.^[9] He appeared on the American Ed Sullivan Show with American singing star Connie Francis in a show that was taped at the Moulin Rouge nightclub in Paris. He also staged many appearances in the Paris Olympia under the management of the late Bruno Coquatrix. For their first concert, The Jimi Hendrix Experience opened for Johnny Hallyday in Évreux on 13 October 1966. Black and white footage, also from October 1966, exists of Hallyday partying with Hendrix, his manager Chas Chandler and others.

1965

At the end of the 1960s, Hallyday made a string of albums with Mick Jones and Tommy Brown as musical directors, and Big Jim Sullivan, Bobby Graham and Jimmy Page as session musicians. These are Jeune Homme, Rivière... Ouvre ton Lit (aka Je suis né dans la rue) and Vie. On Je suis né dans la rue, Hallyday also hired both Peter Frampton and the Small Faces. Amongst their contributions are the songs "Amen (Bang Bang)", "Reclamation (News Report)" and "Regarde Pour Moi (What You Will)" which are variations of Small Faces and Humble Pie – which was Frampton's band – tracks and they can be heard playing on the album. Often forgotten is Hallyday's non-LP single and EP track "Que Je T'aime" from the same sessions.^[10] By 1969 alone, his sales of records exceeded twelve million.^[8]

Many^[who?] consider Hallyday to have developed well and become a greater performer in his later years. One of his concerts, 100% Johnny: Live à La Tour Eiffel in 2000, attracted an audience of 500,000 and 9.5 million television viewers (the show was broadcast live on French TV).^[11] In December 2005, Hallyday had his third number-one single in France, "Mon Plus Beau Noël" (after "Tous ensemble" and "Marie"), dedicated to his adopted daughter Jade. Shortly before announcing his retirement from touring, he released a blues-flavored album, Le Cœur d'un homme, on 12 November 2007. The album hit #1 in both France and French-speaking Belgium. In addition to the lead single "Always", Le Cœur d'un homme features "T'aimer si mal", a duet with bluesman Taj Mahal and "I Am the Blues", an English-language song written for Hallyday by U2 frontman Bono. His next album, Ça ne finira jamais, released in 2008, another #1 on the French album chart, and its lead single, "Ça n'finira jamais", also reached #1. In 2008 he recorded a series of acoustic songs with French musician Drexl Jonez. Hallyday's most recent album, also a #1 hit in France, is Tour 66: Stade de France 2009, a live set recorded at Stade de France during his farewell tour with appearances by Drexl Jonez on the guitar.

Hallyday remains largely unknown outside of France, thus earning the nickname "the biggest rock star you've never heard of" in English-speaking countries.^[12][13][4] He was made Chevalier (Knight) of the Légion d'honneur in 1997.^[14]

French movie producers Michèle and Laurent Pétin introduced Johnny Hallyday to Hong Kong film director Johnny To. Hallyday was cast as the main role of To's Vengeance after meeting with the director in early 2008. The shooting began in November 2008 and concluded in February 2009. The filming took place on location in Hong Kong and Macau, with a crew mainly based in Hong Kong.^{[citation needed]}

Personal life[link]

In November 2005, Hallyday started a procedure to obtain Belgian citizenship but his request was turned down in 2006 because he failed to fulfill the residence requirements. In late 2006, Hallyday announced that he would move his permanent residency to Gstaad, Switzerland to escape the high tax rate imposed by the French government. Swiss law allows wealthy individuals to claim residency if they live six months and one day in the country and then pay a fixed tax based on expenses, such as rent or assets in Switzerland, rather than a percentage of their income. Hallyday has said that he would move his residency back to France if it changes its tax laws.^[15]

He maintains a second home in Los Angeles, where he has been spending increasing amounts of time in recent years, enjoying his relative anonymity in the U.S. One of his favorite leisure activities is riding his Harley-Davidson on long trips through the California desert, staying in small motels along the way.^[4]

Hallyday married Bulgarian-French singer Sylvie Vartan on 12 April 1965. Their son David was born on 14 August 1966. Hallyday and Vartan divorced in 1980. He was then briefly married to Babeth Étienne; the marriage lasted less than three months, ending in February 1982. A four-year relationship with French actress Nathalie Baye followed; their daughter Laura Smet was born on 15 November 1983. He was married to his third wife Adeline Blondieau for two years, divorcing her in 1992. He has been married to Laeticia Boudou since 25 March 1996. The couple have adopted two girls from Vietnam: Jade Odette Désirée, born 3 August 2004 (formerly Bui Thi Hoa), in November 2004,^[16] and Joy (Maï-Huong), born 27 July 2008, in December 2008. From all those relationships, the one with SYLVIE VARTAN is the most popular and symbolic for the french audience. Not one article is written without mentioning Sylvie Vartan who remains the number one french female selling artist of all time and the queen of rock and pop in Europe.

Hallyday supported Nicolas Sarkozy in the 2007 French presidential election. The Masked Avengers referenced this in their prank call to American vice-presidential nominee Sarah Palin when an Avenger impersonating Sarkozy named Hallyday as his "Special American Advisor".

In July 2009, Hallyday was diagnosed with colon cancer,^[17] for which he was operated on. On 26 November 2009^[18] Hallyday underwent surgery in Paris to repair a herniated disc. He suffered complications and was admitted to Cedars-Sinai Medical Center in Los Angeles. It was announced that Hallyday had been put into a medically induced coma in order to repair lesions that had formed as a result of the surgery and to relieve his pain. On 17 December, it was announced that Hallyday and his wife had started legal proceedings against Dr. Stephane Delajoux, who had performed the original surgery.^[19]

Albums[link]

The embedded lists in this section may contain items that are not encyclopedic. Please help out by removing such elements and incorporating appropriate items into the main body of the article. (August 2011)

Studio albums[link]

• Hello Johnny (1960, Vogue)
• Nous les Gars, Nous les Filles (1961, Vogue)
• Tête à Tête avec Johnny (1961, Vogue)
• Salut les Copains! (1961, Philips)
• Johnny Hallyday sings America's Rockin' Hits (1962, Philips)
• Les Bras en Croix (1963, Philips)
• Les Rocks les Plus Terribles (1964, Philips)
• Halleluyah (1965, Philips)
• Johnny Chante Hallyday (1965, Philips)
• La Génération Perdue (1966, Philips)
• Johnny 67 (1967, Philips)
• Jeune Homme (1968, Philips)
• Rêve et Amour (1968, Philips)
• Rivière... Ouvre ton Lit (aka Je suis né dans la rue) (1969, Philips)
• Vie (1970, Philips)
• Flagrant Délit (1971, Philips)
• Pleins Feux Sur... (1971, Philips)
• Country-Folk-Rock (1972, Philips)
• Insolitudes (1973, Philips)
• Je t'Aime, Je t'Aime, Je t'Aime (1974, Philips)
• Rock'n Slow (1974, Philips)
• Rock à Memphis (1975, Philips)
• La Terre Promise (1975, Philips)
• Derrière l'Amour (1976, Philips)
• Hamlet (1976, Philips)
• C'est la Vie (1977, Philips)
• Solitudes à Deux (1978, Philips)
• Hollywood (1979, Philips)
• À Partir de Maintenant... (1980, Philips)
• En Pièces Détachées (1981, Philips)
• Pas Facile (1981, Philips)
• Quelque Part un Aigle (1982, Philips)
• La Peur (1982, Philips)
• Entre Violence et Violon (1983, Philips)
• Hallyday 84: Nashville en Direct (1984, Philips)
• En V.O. (1984, Philips)
• Rock'n'Roll Attitude (1985, Philips)
• Gang (1986, Philips)
• Cadillac (1989, Philips)
• Ça ne change pas un homme (1991, Philips)
• Rough Town (1994, Philips)
• Lorada (1995, Philips)
• Ce que je sais (1998, Philips)
• Sang pour sang (1999, Philips)
• À la vie, à la mort ! (2002, Mercury)
• Ma Vérité (2005, Mercury)
• Le Cœur d'un homme (2007, Warner Music France)
• Ça ne finira jamais (2008, Warner Music France)
• Jamais seul (2011, Warner Music France)

Live albums[link]

• Johnny et Ses Fans au Festival de Rock'n'Roll (1961, Vogue)
• À l'Olympia (1962, Philips)
• Olympia 64 (1964, Philips)
• Olympia 67 (1967, Philips)
• Au Palais des Sports (1967, Philips)
• Que Je t'Aime (1969, Philips)
• Live at the Palais des Sports (1971, Philips)
• Palais des Sports (1976, Philips)
• Pavillon de Paris (1979, Philips)
• Live (1981, Universal Music)
• Palais des Sports 1982 (1982, Universal Music)
• Au Zénith (1984, Universal Music)
• À Bercy (1987, Universal Music)
• Dans la Chaleur de Bercy (1990, Universal Music)
• Bercy 92 (1992, Universal Music)
• Parc des Princes (1993, Universal Music)
• À La Cigale (1994, Universal Music)
• Lorada Tour (1995, Universal Music)
• Destination Vegas (1996, Universal Music)
• Johnny Allume le Feu: Stade de France 98 (1998, Universal Music)
• 100% Johnny: Live à La Tour Eiffel (2000, Universal Music)
• Olympia 2000 (2000, Universal Music)
• Parc des Princes 2003 (2003, Universal Music)
• Flashback Tour Live (2006, Warner Music)
• La Cigale (2007, Warner Music)
• Tour 66: Stade de France 2009 (2009, Warner Music)

Films[link]

• Cherchez l'idole (1963) as himself
• Le Spécialiste (1969) as Hud / Brad
• L'aventure c'est l'aventure (1974) as himself
• L'Animal (1974) as The Male Star
• The Case of the Missing Bottle (1983) as Monsieur Waitor
• Détective (1985) directed by Jean-Luc Godard
• Terminus (1987) as Stump
• The Iron Triangle (1989) as Jacques
• Why Not Me? (1999) as José
• Love Me (2000) as Lennox
• L'homme du train (The Man on the Train) (aka Man on the Train in the US) (2002) as Milan
• Crime Spree (2003) as Marcel Burot
• Crimson Rivers II: Angels of the Apocalypse (2004) as L'ermite borgne
• Quartier V.I.P. (2005) as Alex
• Jean-Philippe (2006) as Jean-Philippe
• Vengeance (2009) as Francis Costello
• The Pink Panther 2 (2009) as Laurence Millikin

See also[link]

• List of best-selling music artists

References[link]

External links[link]

• (French) Official site
• (French) A blog about Johnny Hallyday
• Biography of Johnny Hallyday, from Radio France Internationale
• Johnny Hallyday at the Internet Movie Database