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Luleå
Storgatan in Luleå
Coat of arms
Luleå
Coordinates: 65°36′N 22°9′E / 65.6°N 22.15°E / 65.6; 22.15Coordinates: 65°36′N 22°9′E / 65.6°N 22.15°E / 65.6; 22.15
Country	Sweden
Province	Norrbotten
County	Norrbotten County
Municipality	Luleå Municipality
Charter	17th Century
Area[1]
• Total	29.09 km2 (11.23 sq mi)
Population (31 December 2010)[1]
• Total	46,607
• Density	1,602/km2 (4,150/sq mi)
Time zone	CET (UTC+1)
• Summer (DST)	CEST (UTC+2)
Website	www.lulea.se

Luleå (Swedish: [ˈlʉːlɛo] ( listen), Lule sami Luleju, Finnish Luulaja) is a city on the coast of northern Sweden with 46,607 inhabitants in 2010.^[1] It is the seat of Luleå Municipality and the capital of Norrbotten County.

Geography[link]

The town of Luleå is situated on a peninsula where Lule Bay meets the Gulf of Bothnia; the bay stretches northwest and becomes the Lule River, allowing sea-based transportation across the county. The town's location on the peninsula of Svartöstaden required expansion, and therefore much of its ground area of 2110 square kilometres is human-made. Luleå also has urban areas built on the island of Hertsön which, thanks to Luleå's location, is Sweden's seventh most populated.

The harbour of Luleå — Sweden's fifth-largest port, which transports over seven million tons of cargo each year — is of particular significance for iron ore from LKAB's mining in Kiruna and Gällivare/Malmberget. During the winter, sea traffic continues at a virtually unchanged rate with the assistance of icebreakers; Luleå is the home port of the Swedish icebreaker armada.

Archipelago[link]

Luleå archipelago contains over 700 islands. Its area extends to the county limit of Norrbotten/Västerbotten and to Sweden's national border with Finland. Archaeological expeditions have discovered many mazes which are widely believed to have been used for fertility and agricultural rituals. There are an estimated 300 mazes worldwide which share this distinct pattern, 100 of which are found on the islands of Luleå.

History[link]

Luleå Old Town around 1700, from Suecia antiqua et hodierna.

Luleå New Town from same book. The most prominent buildings are the church and the town hall.

Luleå was already an important harbour in the 13-15th centuries.

The Royal charter was granted in 1621 by King Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden. The original town was situated where Gammelstad (Old Town) is situated today. The town had to be moved in 1649 to the current site, due to the land elevation that had made the bay too shallow for ships to enter.

The Gammelstad Church Town is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

In 1887, a devastating fire destroyed most of the town, sparing only a few buildings. The Neo-Gothic Cathedral (originally the Oscar Fredrik church), dedicated in 1893, is at 67 meters (220 ft) the tallest building in town.

Economy[link]

Luleå University of Technology

Industrial district of Luleå

Luleå's commerce and industry is a mix of industry, research, education, trade, and services. The university's educational programmes have attracted new businesses as well as local offices for multinational corporations.^{[citation needed]}

Major employers in the city are the SSAB steelworks and Luleå University of Technology. A Swedish Air Force wing, F 21 (or Norrbotten Air Force Wing), are stationed near Luleå at the neighbouring Luleå Airport. Other major employers include Ferruform (a subsidiary of Scania AB) and Gestamp HardTech (acquired from SSAB 2005-01-01).

IT industry[link]

The information technology industry in Luleå has about 2000 employees (2008).

Luleå is the home of several major innovations and technological milestones.^[2]

• The First GSM Call (1989)^{[citation needed]}
• The VDSL standard (2000–2007)
• Broadcast Radio – RDS^[who?], DAB^{[clarification needed]}, DARC (1992–1997)
• The Luleå algorithm for routing (1997)
• Living Labs – leading European service testbed with 6000 users (2001-)
• HDTV transport layer for telephony cabling (1996)
• Software GPS in mobile phones (2005-)
• OFDM – the basis for 4G (1990–2006)
• Marratech - pioneers in Internet-based E-meetings (1998-) - acquired by Google, releasing in November 2008 video-chat support in Gmail
• Arena project, IT in Sports – sensors, handheld wireless video (1999–2002)
• Estreet project - First large-scale mobile marketing experiment (2000)
• On October 27, 2011, Facebook announced it will locate its first data center outside of the United States in Luleå. The whole facility, a set of three 300,000 square foot buildings is scheduled to be operational by 2014. The first building will be operational 2012. ^[3] The establishment will help turn the Luleå region into a major node for European data traffic. The northern position and the fact that Luleå will become a hub for data traffic in Europe has generated a new epithet for the Luleå region – The Node Pole. ^[4] The Node Pole region provides stable, low-cost electricity that is 100-percent derived from renewable sources. In addition, they cite the benefits of low cooling expenses, given that the region is one of the coolest in Sweden. Sweden is also known for its political stability, which is cited as another long-term benefit of the Node Pole.^[5]

Climate[link]

Luleå has a subarctic climate with short, mild summers and long, cold, and snowy winters.

Media[link]

Newspapers[link]

• Norrbottens-Kuriren
• Norrländska Socialdemokraten

Transportation[link]

Local buses are run by Luleå LLT.

A passenger train service is available from Luleå Central Station on Sweden's national SJ railway service northbound to Narvik on the Norwegian coast, or southbound to Stockholm. See Rail transport in Sweden.

Luleå Airport has the longest runway in Sweden and serves about 1,000,000 passengers annually. ^[7]

Culture[link]

Luleå has a variety of cultural institutions, among them Norrbottensteatern, Norrbottens museum, and Norrbotten big band led by Tim Hagans. In January 2007 the Cultural house (Kulturens Hus) was opened. A library, concerts, and art exhibitions are all hosted here. Luleå is also home to the hardcore punk band Raised Fist and melodic death metal band The Duskfall.

Sports[link]

Luleå has many teams competing in a variety of sports including

Football[link]

• Bergnäsets AIK
• Ersnäs IF
• IFK Luleå
• Lira BK
• Luleå SK
• Notvikens IK

Ice hockey[link]

• Luleå HF (who play in the Elitserien)

Basketball[link]

• LF Basket Norrbotten, formerly Plannja, for men and Luleå Basket for women; Plannja has won Basketligan 7 times, which is a record.

American football[link]

In Luleå there is also an American football team, the Luleå Eskimos. The Swedish Championship in Yukigassen is held in Luleå annually.

Shopping[link]

Luleå is home to one of the oldest indoor shopping centres in the world, "Shopping," designed by British born architect Ralph Erskine, and opened in 1955. More recent additions to the cityscape are the shopping centres "Strand, Smedjan, Folksamhuset" and the first "youth-galleria" in Sweden, "Storgatan 61", located in the city centre. There are two main shopping streets in the city centre: Storgatan and Kungsgatan.

A new shopping area in the industrial area of Storheden outside the city was built more recently; it houses several large stores.

UNESCO World heritage[link]

• Gammelstad Church Town

Notable people[link]

• Maud Adams, Swedish actress best known for appearing in two James Bond films^[8]
• The Bear Quartet, Swedish Rockband
• Breach, Swedish Hardcore-band
• Adam Dunkels, computer scientist
• The Duskfall, Swedish Death metal band
• Lena Granhagen, Swedish actress
• Per Ledin, Swedish ice hockey player
• Martin Ljung, Actor
• Machinae Supremacy, Swedish Metal band
• Movits!, Swedish Hip-Hop band
• John W. Nordstrom, founder of department store chain Nordstrom
• Raised Fist, Swedish Hardcore-band
• Marita Ulvskog, Politician
• Ingvar Wixell, Swedish baritone opera singer
• Leif Östling, CEO of Scania AB
• Karin Mamma Andersson, Swedish artist

See also[link]

• Swedish iron ore during World War II
• Luleå Cathedral
• Diocese of Luleå

References[link]

External links[link]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Luleå

• (Swedish) article Luleå from Nordisk Familjebok (1912)
• Luleå - Official site
• Luleå university of technology
• Current temperature in Luleå and archive of the last years

v t e Municipalities and seats of Norrbotten County Municipalities Älvsbyn Arjeplog Arvidsjaur Boden Gällivare Haparanda Jokkmokk Kalix Kiruna Luleå Överkalix Övertorneå Pajala Piteå Municipal seats Älvsbyn Arjeplog Arvidsjaur Boden Gällivare Haparanda Jokkmokk Kalix Kiruna Luleå Överkalix Övertorneå Pajala Piteå Counties of Sweden Sweden

v t e Administrative seats of Swedish counties (län) Falun (Dalarna) Gävle (Gävleborg) Gothenburg (Västra Götaland) Halmstad (Halland) Härnösand (Västernorrland) Jönköping (Jönköping) Kalmar (Kalmar) Karlskrona (Blekinge) Karlstad (Värmland) Linköping (Östergötland) Luleå (Norrbotten) Malmö (Skåne) Nyköping (Södermanland) Örebro (Örebro) Östersund (Jämtland) Stockholm (Stockholm) Sundsvall (Västernorrland) Umeå (Västerbotten) Uppsala (Uppsala) Västerås (Västmanland) Växjö (Kronoberg) Visby (Gotland)

Karin Dreijer Andersson
Andersson performing as Fever Ray in October 2009
Background information
Birth name	Karin Elisabeth Dreijer
Also known as	Fever Ray
Born	(1975-04-07) 7 April 1975 (age 37) Nacka, Sweden[1]
Genres	Electronic, ambient, trip hop, experimental, witch house
Occupations	Singer-songwriter, record producer
Years active	1994–present
Labels	Rabid, Brille, Mute
Associated acts	Honey Is Cool, The Knife, Röyksopp
Website	feverray.com

Karin Elisabeth Dreijer Andersson (born 7 April 1975 in Nacka, Sweden),^[1] also known by her stage name Fever Ray, is the lead vocalist of the electronic duo The Knife, formed with her brother Olof Dreijer. Andersson was previously the vocalist and guitarist of the alternative rock band Honey Is Cool. Andersson released her debut solo album under the name Fever Ray in 2009. Her vocal style is notable for both shrill and deep tones, and also the use of multitracked vocals, with different uses of pitch-shifting technology on each track, creating an intricate, mysterious effect. Many listeners mistake the deep vocals on songs by The Knife for those of her brother. Visually, Dreijer Andersson employs the use of masks, face and body paint, intricate costumes, and other theatrical elements in photo shoots, videos and live performances, during which she often performs behind a gauze screen that partially obscures her from view.^[2]

Solo work[link]

While The Knife was on hiatus, Andersson released her self-titled solo debut album Fever Ray digitally on 12 January 2009 and physically on 18 March 2009 via Rabid Records,^[3] preceded by its lead single "If I Had a Heart", released digitally on 15 December 2008.

In 2009 the collection of feminist pornographic shorts Dirty Diaries was released with a soundtrack composed by Andersson. In a review of the collection in Swedish newspaper Smålandsposten it was described as appropriate to the film, though repetitive.^[4]

Andersson performed as "Fever Ray" at the 2010 Coachella Festival and received positive reviews.^[5][6] She performed at Electric Picnic^[7] 2010 and Bestival 2010 in September.^[8]

Contrary to a statement from the film's director, Andersson did not make a cameo in the 2011 film Red Riding Hood. However, the soundtrack features the exclusive track "The Wolf", which Andersson co-wrote with her band, as well as "Keep the Streets Empty for Me".^[9]

Andersson wrote the music for the adaptation of Ingmar Bergman's Vargtimmen, The Wolf Hour that premiered at Stockholm's Royal Theatre on 12 March 2011.^[10] One of these tracks, "No Face," appeared in demo form on the compilation We Are the Works in Progress, an album organized to benefit victims of the 2011 Japanese tsunami.^[11]

Collaborations[link]

In 2005, Andersson supplied vocals on the track "What Else Is There?" by Röyksopp on the album The Understanding. She also appeared in the video for that single, but not as the vocalist, which was played by a model. In 2008, Andersson provided vocals for the dEUS song "Slow" from the band's Vantage Point album. Andersson was featured in the tracks "This Must Be It" and "Tricky Tricky" again by Röyksopp, appearing on the album Junior released in 2009.

Personal Life[link]

Karin was born on 7 April 1975 in Nacka, Sweden. While both Karin and Olof are hesitant to give interviews, Karin partakes in them more frequently than her brother. On the occasions they do consent to interviews, they often stick to topics concerning their music, influences and public image, avoiding talking about their personal lives. Karin is married to Kent Peter Kristian Andersson and has two children^[12], though the first names of her children are not publicly known, in order to protect the privacy of the Dreijer-Andersson family. Her favorite TV show is Miami Vice.^[13]

Solo discography[link]

Albums[link]

• Fever Ray (2009)
• Live in Luleå (2009)

Singles[link]

• "If I Had a Heart" (2008)
• "When I Grow Up" (2009)
• "Triangle Walks" (2009)
• "Seven (2009)
• "Stranger Than Kindness" (2009)
• "Keep the Streets Empty for Me" (2009)
• "Mercy Street" (2010)^[14]

Collaborations[link]

• "Wasted" on Robot's Fake or Real? (2000) – additional vocals
• "Axe Man" on Silverbullit's Citizen Bird (2001) – featured vocals
• "Lost in the City Nights" on Yvonne's Hit That City (2001) – featured vocals
• "What Else Is There?" on Röyksopp's The Understanding (2005) – featured vocals
• "Slow" on dEUS' Vantage Point (2008) – featured vocals
• "This Must Be It" and "Tricky Tricky" on Röyksopp's Junior (2009) – featured vocals

References[link]

External links[link]

• Official Fever Ray website
• Official The Knife website
• Fever Ray at Allmusic
• Fever Ray on Twitter
• Karin Dreijer discography at MusicBrainz

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This biographical article needs additional citations for verification. Please help by adding reliable sources. Contentious material about living persons that is unsourced or poorly sourced must be removed immediately, especially if potentially libelous or harmful. (November 2009)

Chris Abbott (born 17 September 1947) is an American television producer, writer and author. She is a graduate of University of Oregon, with an MFA from Bennington College in Vermont. She started her career writing for Little House on the Prairie. She also wrote for other primetime series such as B.L. Stryker, Legacy, Bandit: Bandit Goes Country, Revealing Evidence: Stalking The Honolulu Strangler, High Sierra Search And Rescue, Cagney & Lacey, Quantum Leap, Star Trek: Voyager and Star Trek: The Next Generation, and produced and wrote Magnum, P.I. (as Executive Story Consultant), Dr. Quinn, Medicine Woman (as Creative Consultant), and Diagnosis: Murder.^[1]

She has worked on the CBS Daytime serials The Bold and the Beautiful and The Young and the Restless. Abbott was nominated for a Daytime Emmy Award for best writing in 2006.

Positions held[link]

The Bold and the Beautiful

• Script Writer (2005 – August 2, 2006)

The Young and the Restless

• Script Writer (February 27, 2007 - March 22, 2007)
• Associate Head Writer (May 25, 2006 - June 20, 2006; January 2, 2007 - February 16, 2007)

Books[link]

• Ten Minutes To The Pitch (2005)

Awards and nominations[link]

Daytime Emmy Awards

• Nomination, 2006, Best Writing, The Bold and The Beautiful

References[link]

1. ^ "Chris Abbott (II)". http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0007947/. Retrieved 2010-01-30. 

External links[link]

• Chris Abbott at the Internet Movie Database
• Chris Abbott at Memory Alpha (a Star Trek wiki)
• LMU
• Quantum Leap Writers
• 2006 Daytime Emmys Nominees
• Right Writing
• Dr. Quinn Main Crew
• PRWeb
• Star Trek: Voyager Main Crew
• Gaze 1998
• Crafty Screenwriting
• Magnum P.I. Writers

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