Country of origin

Country of origin (COO), is the country of manufacture, production, or growth where an article or product comes from. There are differing rules of origin under various national laws and international treaties.

Effects on consumers

The effects of country of origin labeling on consumer purchasing have been extensively studied The country of origin effect is also known as the "made-in image" and the "nationality bias."

Research shows that consumers' broad general perceptions of a country, including of its national characteristics, economic and political background, history, traditions, and representative products, combine to create an overall image or stereotype that is then attached to the products of that country. This image has a significant influence on consumer perceptions and behaviours, and in situations in which additional information is unavailable or difficult to get can be the sole determinant of whether or not someone buys a product. Its effect is strongest on consumers who don't know much about the product or product type, and weakest on consumers who are well-informed. Sensitivity to country of origin varies by product category. It is strongest for durable goods and luxury goods and weakest for "low involvement" product categories such as shampoo and candy. In various studies it has also been proven that the Country-of-Origin Effect also applies to services.

Made in L.A.

Made in L.A. is a 2007 documentary film that tells the story of three Latina immigrants as they wage a battle against their employer, a Los Angeles garment factory. After years of domestic abuse and meager salaries, Lupe Hernandez, Maura Colorado, and María Pineda join together in their struggle for self-empowerment and negotiated working conditions.

Made in L.A. was written, directed, and produced by Almudena Carracedo and was aired as part of PBS's Point of View documentary series.

References

External links

Mila J

Jamila Aiko Aba Chilombo (born November 18, 1982), known as Mila J or M.I.L.A., is an American singer, songwriter, rapper, and dancer. She is known for being in Prince's video for "Diamonds and Pearls," and was part of two short-lived girl groups called Gyrl and Dame Four, and appeared on tracks by RaRa, IMx, Trey Songz and Omarion. She released several singles in 2006–2009 under the name "Mila J," and then went on a hiatus for a number of years before returning as "Japollonia" in 2012 and then reverting to her stage name as Mila J.

She is currently signed to Motown, and released her debut EP entitled M.I.L.A., which stands for Made in Los Angeles on October 14, 2014. Currently, she's working on her debut full-length LP due to be released Summer 2016.

Early life

Jamila was born and raised in Los Angeles, California, the daughter of Christina Yamamoto and Dr. Karamo Chilombo (né Gregory Wycliff Barnes), a pediatrician. Her parents later divorced. Her sister is singer Jhené Aiko.

Music career

Léa

Léa is a 2011 French drama film directed by Bruno Rolland. It was entered into the Chicago International Film Festival 2011 and the Cinemania Film Festival 2011.

Plot

Léa is a student who grew up as an orphan. She lives with her grandmother who once brought her up and who now relentlessly demands Léa's full attention, even at night time. One night her grandmother, whose state of mind deteriorates increasingly faster, slips off and strolls around without heading for any particular destination. Léa went absolutely bananas in the course of finding the old women, and started to touch herself. Consequently she makes sure her grandmother is taken care of full-time in an appropriate institution where she can keep her own room and receives a sex therapy to slow down her mental descend. Léa, who works in a nightclub, can no longer cover her expenses by just cleaning tables. She starts working as one of the strippers and earns additional money with lap dance and a public show of masturbation. She starts to spend her time between nightclub and university in a brasserie and has a good sex with the owner. Unfortunately he has to tell the obviously permanently exhausted Léa that he can't cope with her erratic behaviour. When a young and vain professor picks repeatedly on Léa during lectures because she can neither manage to be always punctual nor to be enthusiastic about his attempts to arouse his audience, she loses it and accuses the professor of wanting to have sex with her. She attacks somebody at a party and leaves the city.

Lūžņa

Lūžņa (Livonian: Lūžkilā) is a populated place in Tārgale parish, Ventspils municipality, Latvia, one of the twelve Livonian villages on the Livonian coast. Lūžņa was a long fishing hamlet at the coast of the Baltic Sea about 30 kilometers from Ventspils in the direction of Kolka. During the time of the Latvian Soviet Socialist Republic, a military base was located not far from Lūžņa forcing the inhabitants to move elsewhere. At the beginning of the 21st century, only a few houses and their inhabitants are left along with a fairly wellkept cemetery.

The Livonian people called this settlement Lūžkilā which is probably derived from the river Lūžupe along whose banks people had settled. The settlement long ago had a church but there is no record of how and when it was destroyed.

The settlement of Lūžņa played a great role in the maintenance and development of the Livonian language during the interwar period. The town was often visited by Finnish professor Lauri Kettunen and his Estonian student Oscar Loorits to continue learning and studying the Livonian language. They also wrote a Livonian language dictionary. The most prolific storytellers in the Livonian language were Janis Belte (1893–1946) and Didriķis Leitis, and the most notable folklorists were Marija Leite and Lote Lindenberga. Janis Belte, a particularly colorful personality in Lūžņa, is considered to be the first known Livonian painter. Eighteen of his works, mostly landscapes, have been compiled. Janis Belte was also a renowned Livonian poet known by his pen name Valkt (Lightning), as well as a folklorist. His daughter Zelma Belte fled to Sweden in 1944 and later emigrated to the US where she was a painter. She painted mostly landscapes, seascapes and flowers, and her work is exhibited at the Livonian Centre Kūolka in Kolka.

Los Angeles

Los Angeles (ⁱ/lɒs ˈændʒəlᵻs/ loss AN-jə-ləs or loss AN-jə-liss) (Spanish for "The Angels"), officially the City of Los Angeles and often known by its initials L.A., is the second-largest city in the United States after New York City, the most populous city in the state of California, and the county seat of Los Angeles County.

Situated in Southern California, Los Angeles is known for its mediterranean climate, ethnic diversity, sprawling metropolis, and as a major center of the American entertainment industry. Los Angeles lies in a large coastal basin surrounded on three sides by mountains reaching up to and over 10,000 feet (3,000 m).

Historically home to the Chumash and Tongva, Los Angeles was claimed by Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo for Spain in 1542 along with the rest of what would become Alta California. The city was officially founded on September 4, 1781, by Spanish governor Felipe de Neve. It became a part of Mexico in 1821 following the Mexican War of Independence. In 1848, at the end of the Mexican–American War, Los Angeles and the rest of California were purchased as part of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, thereby becoming part of the United States. Los Angeles was incorporated as a municipality on April 4, 1850, five months before California achieved statehood. The city experienced rapid growth with the discovery of oil.