Enlargement of The European Union

A Brief Summary of the history of European Union enlargement

Order: Reorder
Duration: 3:45
Updated: 07 Aug 2013

http://wn.com/A_Brief_Summary_of_the_history_of_European_Union_enlargement

euronews U talk - The EU enlargement and Turkey

Order: Reorder
Duration: 2:34
Updated: 01 Aug 2013

http://www.euronews.com/ Question from Onur in Turkey: "Hello my name is Onur. With the economic crisis the process of EU enlargement has slowed. Will the EU...

http://wn.com/euronews_U_talk_The_EU_enlargement_and_Turkey

EU enlargement: In search of the next Croatia

Order: Reorder
Duration: 1:08
Updated: 19 Aug 2013

http://www.euronews.net/ Croatia's 'Yes' vote to join the European Union puts it on course to be the club's 28th member in July 2013. But the low turnout las...

http://wn.com/EU_enlargement_In_search_of_the_next_Croatia

European Union Enlargement

Order: Reorder
Duration: 6:58
Updated: 08 Aug 2013

This video is part of a 6-pack of videos produced on different aspects of EU policy by the IIEA. They are accessible, easy to understand and were produced as...

http://wn.com/European_Union_Enlargement

EU Enlargement Arguments [CMarwick].wmv

Order: Reorder
Duration: 1:57
Updated: 17 Jul 2013

Quick summary of some of the main arguments for and against EU expansion.

http://wn.com/EU_Enlargement_Arguments_CMarwick_wmv

Prof. Development Podcast: EU Enlargement (2011)

Order: Reorder
Duration: 77:29
Updated: 04 Aug 2013

Dr. Dan Hamilton speaks about EU enlargement and the history and future of accession at WAC-DC's 2011 Professional Development Workshop for Educators on the EU.

http://wn.com/Prof_Development_Podcast_EU_Enlargement_2011

Stefano Sannino on The Future of EU Enlargement Policy

Order: Reorder
Duration: 38:47
Updated: 31 May 2013

About the Speech: The Director-General of Enlargement at the European Commission, Stefano Sannino, shared his views on the future of EU Enlargement policy an...

http://wn.com/Stefano_Sannino_on_The_Future_of_EU_Enlargement_Policy

European Union: new States? No problem

Order: Reorder
Duration: 2:01
Updated: 15 Aug 2013

European Union - Unveiling Internal Enlargement.

http://wn.com/European_Union_new_States?_No_problem

Reporter: EU members of tomorrow?

Order: Reorder
Duration: 4:10
Updated: 27 Jun 2013

In spite of the economic and financial crisis affecting Europe, the EU isn't changing course and is continuing to expand. The last enlargement took place in ...

http://wn.com/Reporter_EU_members_of_tomorrow?

Hidden treasures of Europe

Order: Reorder
Duration: 1:05
Updated: 13 Aug 2013

http://ec.europa.eu/enlargement/index_en.htm https://www.facebook.com/EUenlargement Under the slogan 'So similar, so different, so European' this clip shows ...

http://wn.com/Hidden_treasures_of_Europe

EU enlargement Propaganda advertisement, produced by the European Union - Feb 2012

Order: Reorder
Duration: 1:26
Updated: 21 Jul 2013

The European Union shows traits of the Soviet Union with its latest advertisement trying to promote the enlargement of the artificial European Union and the ...

http://wn.com/EU_enlargement_Propaganda_advertisement,_produced_by_the_European_Union_Feb_2012

EU enlargement, my impressions

Order: Reorder
Duration: 3:56
Updated: 07 Aug 2013

This is a video interview with the President of the EU Council on his thoughts about enlargement after Croatia joined the Union and both Serbia and Kosovo to...

http://wn.com/EU_enlargement,_my_impressions

Criticism of Serbia and Turkey in EU enlargement report

Order: Reorder
Duration: 1:35
Updated: 06 Aug 2013

http://www.euronews.com/ Serbia cannot begin accession talks with the EU until it deals the its problematic relationship with Kosovo. That is the message fro...

http://wn.com/Criticism_of_Serbia_and_Turkey_in_EU_enlargement_report

"Enlargement is the EU's most successful internal policy"

Order: Reorder
Duration: 2:53
Updated: 18 Dec 2012

Short interview with Jan Figel, leader of the Christian Democratic Movement (KDH) and Opposition Leader in Slovakia, after the EPP Summit (December 2012)

http://wn.com/Enlargement_is_the_EU's_most_successful_internal_policy

euronews U talk - EU enlargement

Order: Reorder
Duration: 1:33
Updated: 28 Apr 2013

http://www.euronews.com/ Andrea, in Italy, asks: "What will the economic consequences be when more countries become members of the European Union in 2013?" P...

http://wn.com/euronews_U_talk_EU_enlargement

Next in Line - roundtable discussion on the enlargement of the European Union

Order: Reorder
Duration: 12:42
Updated: 21 Dec 2012

The enlargement process of the European Union will remain a priority, although the past year has been dominated by the crisis management of the euro zone -- ...

http://wn.com/Next_in_Line_roundtable_discussion_on_the_enlargement_of_the_European_Union

What did the EU enlargement mean for 'social Europe'?

Order: Reorder
Duration: 54:09
Updated: 27 May 2013

Professor Guglielmo Meardi, Director of the Industrial Relations Research Unit at the University of Warwick May 2, 2013 About the lecture: Is the EU enlargem...

http://wn.com/What_did_the_EU_enlargement_mean_for_'social_Europe'?

On the EU enlargement road in Croatia, Serbia, Kosovo

Order: Reorder
Duration: 8:13
Updated: 13 Aug 2013

This is a video summary of a visit to Croatia, Serbia and Kosovo by Herman Van Rompuy, President of the European Council, just as Croatia becomes a member of...

http://wn.com/On_the_EU_enlargement_road_in_Croatia,_Serbia,_Kosovo

European Union Enlargement animated map

Order: Reorder
Duration: 0:20
Updated: 05 Apr 2013

Animated European Union enlargement (source: Wikipedia)

http://wn.com/European_Union_Enlargement_animated_map

Earl of Dartmouth on Turkey's EU membership and enlargement

Order: Reorder
Duration: 2:07
Updated: 25 May 2013

European Parliament, Strasbourg, France, 25.11.2009 - ▻ Speaker: - William, The Earl of Dartmouth MEP (UKIP), Europe of Freedom and Democracy group ▻ Debat...

http://wn.com/Earl_of_Dartmouth_on_Turkey's_EU_membership_and_enlargement

2 - 4 - 3A Enlargement of the European Union (837)

Order: Reorder
Duration: 8:39
Updated: 14 Jun 2013

유럽연합의 확대 [MUSIC]. In the previous video, we talked about the origins of the European integration process. In this video, the focus is going to be on widening...

http://wn.com/2_4_3A_Enlargement_of_the_European_Union_837

EU Council Roundup - Enlargement

Order: Reorder
Duration: 1:24
Updated: 15 Aug 2013

This is a video roundup of discussions on enlargement at the European Council in Brussels on June 28. Croatia is welcomed as the EU's 28th Member State, whil...

http://wn.com/EU_Council_Roundup_Enlargement

EU enlargement What can it offer

Order: Reorder
Duration: 6:40
Updated: 08 Aug 2013

http://wn.com/EU_enlargement_What_can_it_offer

“	Membership requires that candidate country has achieved stability of institutions guaranteeing democracy, the rule of law, human rights, respect for and protection of minorities, the existence of a functioning market economy as well as the capacity to cope with competitive pressure and market forces within the Union. Membership presupposes the candidate's ability to take on the obligations of membership including adherence to the aims of political, economic and monetary union.	”
—Excerpt from the Copenhagen Presidency conclusions^[1]

Year	Date	Event	Notes
1991	20 August	Independence from USSR	Recognition from EU in same month.^[3]
1994	18 July	Free trade agreement concluded^[3]
1995	1 January	Free trade agreement in force^[3]
	12 June	Europe Agreement concluded^[3]
	24 November	Applied for Membership^[3]
1998	1 January	Europe Agreement comes into force^[3]	Aiding pre-integration
1998	March	Membership negotiations open^[3]	6 chapters opened^[4]
1999		17 chapters opened^[4]
2000		6 chapters opened^[4]
2002	December	All chapters closed^[4] and negotiations concluded	Final chapter (No. 30) was opened and closed at the same time.
2003	8 April	Draft accession treaty approved by Estonian government
	16 April	Treaty of Accession signed
	14 September	Referendum on membership approved	66.84% in favour, turnout : 64.02%
2004	1 May	Acceded to EU
2004	28 June	Joined ERM	Requires 2 years in ERM before euro adoption
2007	21 December	Entered the Schengen area
2011	1 January	Adoption of the euro
2011	1 May	Right to limit migration from 2004 countries expires	Only Austria and Germany applied this, the rest of EU countries abolished restrictions before 2011

Applicant	Issued	Accession/ failure rationale
Albania	28 April 2009	(not yet official candidate)
Austria	17 July 1989	1 January 1995
Belgium	N/A	23 July 1952
Bulgaria	14 December 1995	1 January 2007
Croatia	21 February 2003	acceding
Cyprus	3 July 1990	1 May 2004
Czech Republic	17 January 1996	1 May 2004
Denmark	10 August 1961	Details Withdrawn due to veto of UK application
Denmark	11 May 1967	1 January 1973
Estonia	24 November 1995	1 May 2004
Finland	18 March 1992	1 January 1995
France	N/A	23 July 1952
Germany, W.^[10]	N/A	23 July 1952
Greece	12 June 1975	1 January 1981
Hungary	31 March 1994	1 May 2004
Iceland	17 July 2009	negotiating
Ireland	31 July 1961	Details Withdrawn due to veto of UK application
Ireland	11 May 1967	1 January 1973
Italy	N/A	23 July 1952
Latvia	13 September 1995	1 May 2004
Lithuania	8 December 1995	1 May 2004
Luxembourg	N/A	23 July 1952
Macedonia^[11]	22 March 2004	official candidate
Malta	3 July 1990	1 May 2004
Montenegro	15 December 2008	official candidate
Morocco	20 July 1987	Details Rejected by the European Council^[12]
Netherlands	N/A	23 July 1952
Norway	30 April 1962	Details Withdrawn due to veto of UK application
	21 July 1967	Details Rejected by Norway in referendum^[13]
	25 November 1992	Details Rejected by Norway in referendum^[14]
Poland	5 April 1994	1 May 2004
Portugal	28 March 1977	1 January 1986
Romania	22 June 1995	1 January 2007
Slovakia	27 June 1995	1 May 2004
Slovenia	10 June 1996	1 May 2004
Spain	28 June 1977	1 January 1986
Serbia	22 December 2009	official candidate
Sweden	1 July 1991	1 January 1995
Switzerland	25 May 1992	Details Frozen due to public opinion^[15]
Turkey	14 April 1987	negotiating
United Kingdom	10 August 1961	Details Vetoed
United Kingdom	10 May 1967	1 January 1973
* Applications to the European Coal and Steel Community, European Communities and European Union depending on date.

#	Official name	Date	Community countries and OMR	Associated territories	Excluded territories
1	ECSC Foundation	1952-07-23	Belgium, Netherlands, Luxembourg, France, Saarland, Italy, West Germany, West Berlin ^[26]		Cambodia, Laos, Vietnam, Tunis, Morocco, Guinea, French Cameroon, Togo, Mali, Senegal, Madagascar, DR Congo, Italian Somaliland, Benin, Niger, Upper Volta, Ivory Coast, Chad, Central African Republic, Congo, Gabon, Mauritania, Burundi, Rwanda, Netherlands New Guinea, Algeria, Comoros, Suriname, French Somaliland, French-administration of Vanuatu,^[27] West Berlin,^[26] Réunion, French Guiana, Martinique, Guadeloupe, Mayotte, St.Pierre and Miquelon, Wallis and Futuna, French Polynesia, New Caledonia, French Southern and Antarctic Lands, Scattered islands in the Indian Ocean, Netherlands Antilles
		1953–1957	the above, Saarland joined West Germany		the above without the newly independent: Cambodia, Laos, Vietnam, Tunis, Morocco
2	EEC and EURATOM Foundation	1958-01-01	the above, Algeria, Réunion, French Guiana, Martinique, Guadeloupe	Guinea, French Cameroon, Togo, Mali, Senegal, Madagascar, DR Congo, Italian Somaliland, Benin, Niger, Upper Volta, Ivory Coast, Chad, Central African Republic, Congo, Gabon, Mauritania, Burundi, Rwanda, Netherlands New Guinea, Comoros, French Somaliland, Mayotte, St. Pierre and Miquelon, Wallis and Futuna, French Polynesia, New Caledonia, French Southern and Antarctic Lands, Scattered islands in the Indian Ocean	Suriname, Netherlands Antilles, West Berlin^[26]
		1958–1962	the above	the above, without the newly independent: Guinea, French Cameroon, Togo, Mali, Senegal, Madagascar, DR Congo, Italian Somaliland, Benin, Niger, Upper Volta, Ivory Coast, Chad, Central African Republic, Congo, Gabon, Mauritania, Burundi, Rwanda, Netherlands New Guinea	the above
		1962-07-03	the above, without the newly independent: Algeria	the above	the above
		1962-09-01	the above	the above, with Suriname^[28]	the above, without Suriname
	Netherlands Antilles Association Convention^[29]	1964-10-1	the above	the above, with the Netherlands Antilles	the above, without the Netherlands Antilles
3	First Enlargement	1973-01-01	the above, Ireland, United Kingdom, Gibraltar, Denmark, Greenland	the above, Bahamas, Grenada, Seychelles, Solomon Islands, Tuvalu, Dominica, St. Lucia, Kiribati, St. Vincent and the Grenadines, Vanuatu,^[27] Belize, Antigua and Barbuda, St.Kitts and Nevis, Brunei, St. Helena, Pitcairn Islands, Falkland Islands, South Georgia and South Sandwich Islands, British Antarctic Territory, British Indian Ocean Territory, Anguilla, Montserrat, British Virgin Islands, Turks and Caicos Islands, Cayman Islands, Bermuda	the above, Faroe Islands, Akrotiri and Dhekelia, Isle of Man, Jersey, Guernsey, Zimbabwe, Hong Kong
		1973–1980	the above	the above without the newly independent: Bahamas, Grenada, Seychelles, Solomon Islands, Suriname, Tuvalu, Dominica, St. Lucia, Kiribati, St. Vincent and the Grenadines, Vanuatu, Comoros, French Somaliland	the above without the newly independent: Zimbabwe
4	Second Enlargement	1981-01-01	the above, Greece	the above	the above
		1981–1984	the above	the above without the newly independent: Belize, Antigua and Barbuda, St. Kitts and Nevis, Brunei	the above
		1985-01-01	the above without Greenland	the above, Greenland	the above
5	Third Enlargement	1986-01-01	the above, Spain, Portugal, Azores, Madeira, Plazas de soberanía	the above, with Aruba, formerly part of the Netherlands Antilles^[30]^[31]	the above, Macau, East Timor
		1990-10-03	the above, East Germany and West Berlin join into Germany	the above	the above without West Berlin
6	Fourth Enlargement	1995-01-01	the above, Austria, Sweden, Finland	the above	the above
		1997-07-01	the above	the above	the above, without Hong Kong, transferred to China
7		1999-05-01	the above, Scattered islands in the Indian Ocean^[32]	the above, without Scattered islands in the Indian Ocean	the above
		1999-12-20	the above	the above	the above, without Macau, transferred to China
		2002-05-20	the above	the above	the above, without the newly independent East Timor
8	Fifth Enlargement	2004-05-01	the above, Malta, Cyprus, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Czech Republic, Slovakia, Slovenia, Hungary, Akrotiri and Dhekelia^[33]	the above	the above without Akrotiri and Dhekelia^[33]
9	Sixth Enlargement	2007-01-01	the above, Bulgaria, Romania	the above	the above
10		2007-02-22^[34]	the above, Clipperton, without Scattered islands in the Indian Ocean	the above, Scattered islands in the Indian Ocean, without Clipperton	the above
		2010-10-10	the above	the above, without the now-dissolved Netherlands Antilles, with Curaçao, Sint Maarten, Bonaire, Sint Eustatius, Saba^[31]	the above
		2012-01-01	the above without Saint Barthélemy	the above, Saint Barthélemy	the above
11	Seventh enlargement	2013-07-01 (planned)	the above, Croatia	the above	the above

Economy	International dollars (billions)
EU	16,242
USA	14,526
China	5,878
Japan	5,458
Brazil	2,090
India	1,631
Canada	1,577
Russia	1,479
Australia	1,237
Mexico	1,034
The ten largest economies in the world counting the EU as a single entity, by GDP (2010)^[132]


The Eurofighter Typhoon and Eurocopter Tiger are built by a consortium of some EU states.

EU energy production
46% of total EU primary energy use
Nuclear energy^[r]	29.3%
Coal & lignite	21.9%
Gas	19.4%
Renewable energy	14.6%
Oil	13.4%
Other	1.4%
Net imports of energy
54% of total primary EU energy use
Oil & petroleum products	60.2%
Gas	26.4%
Other	13.4%

City	City limits (2006)	Density/km²	Density /sq mi	Urban area (2005)	LUZ (2004)	Metropolitan Area^[186] (2011)
Berlin	3,410,000	3,815	9,880	3,761,000	4,971,331	4,325,000
London	7,512,400	4,761	12,330	9,332,000	11,917,000	12,500,000
Madrid	3,228,359	5,198	13,460	4,990,000	5,804,829	6,500,000
Paris	2,153,600	24,672	63,900	9,928,000	11,089,124	12,089,098
Rome	2,708,395	2,105	5,450	2,867,000	3,457,690	3,300,000

Language	Native Speakers	Total
English	13%	51%
German	18%	32%
French	12%	26%
Italian	13%	16%
Spanish	9%	15%
Polish	9%	10%
Dutch	5%	6%
Greek	3%	3%
Czech	2%	3%
Swedish	2%	3%
Hungarian	2%	2%
Portuguese	2%	2%
Slovak	1%	2%
Danish	1%	1%
Finnish	1%	1%
Lithuanian	1%	1%
Slovenian	1%	1%
Estonian	<1%	<1%
Irish	<1%	<1%
Latvian	<1%	<1%
Maltese	<1%	<1%
¹Published in 2006, before the accession of Bulgaria and Romania. Survey conducted in 2005, based on population with a minimum age of 15. Native: Native language^[190] Total: EU citizens able to hold a conversation in this language^[191]

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