Central Time Zone
Regions in the Central Time Zone
UTC offset
CST	UTC−6:00
CDT	UTC−5:00
Current time (Refresh the clock.)
CDT	12:46 pm on Jun 26, 2012
CST	11:46 am on Jun 26, 2012
Obsevance of DST
DST is observed in certain regions of this time zone between the 2nd Sunday in March and the 1st Sunday in November.
DST began	Mar 11, 2012
DST ends	Nov 4, 2012

The Central Time Zone consists of a time zone in parts of Canada, the United States, Mexico, Central America, some Caribbean Islands, and part of the Eastern Pacific Ocean that use clocks set five hours behind Coordinated Universal Time (Greenwich Mean Time - GMT) during daylight saving time (DST) and six hours behind GMT otherwise.

There is also a Central Time Zone in Australia that covers South Australia and the Northern Territory.

Regions using Central Time[link]

Canada[link]

The province of Manitoba is the only province or territory in Canada that observes Central Time in all areas.

The following Canadian province and territory observe Central Time in the areas noted, while their other areas observe Eastern Time:

• Nunavut (territory): western areas (most of Kivalliq Region and part of Qikiqtaaluk Region)
• Ontario (province): a portion of the northwest bordering northeastern Manitoba

Also, most of the province of Saskatchewan is on Central Standard Time year round. Because Saskatchewan is wholly within the Mountain Time Zone (7.5 degrees on either side of the 105th meridian, which runs through the centre of Sask.) it is effectively on DST year round. Major exceptions include Lloydminster, a town situated on the boundary between Alberta and Saskatchewan; Lloydminster's town charter stipulates that it shall observe Mountain Time and DST, putting the town on the same time as all of Alberta, including the major cities of Calgary and Edmonton.

United States[link]

The Central Time Zone is the second most populous after the Eastern Time Zone. Many states straddle time zone boundaries.

• Alabama

  Although the entire state of Alabama is legally on Central Time, Phenix City and a number of surrounding communities unofficially observe Eastern Time, as Phenix City is part of the media market and metropolitan area of the considerably larger city of Columbus, Georgia (which is in the Eastern Time Zone).^{[citation needed]}

• Arkansas
• Florida: The Florida Panhandle west of the Apalachicola River, bordering on Alabama; the remainder, which is most of the state, is in the Eastern Time Zone
• Illinois
• Indiana: Its southwestern and northwestern corners, bordering on Illinois (see Time in Indiana)
• Iowa
• Kansas: The whole state except for Sherman, Wallace, Greeley and Hamilton Counties, all of which border Colorado
• Kentucky: The western half of the state, west of Louisville
• Louisiana
• Michigan: The far western part of the Upper Peninsula of Michigan, bordering on Wisconsin
• Minnesota
• Mississippi
• Missouri
• Nebraska: The eastern two-thirds of the state
• North Dakota: The whole entire state except for its southwestern quadrant
• Oklahoma

  Although the entire state of Oklahoma is legally on Central Time, the unincorporated community of Kenton, at the extreme western end of the Oklahoma Panhandle, unofficially observes Mountain Time (as the nearest sizeable towns are located in nearby Colorado and New Mexico, both of which are in the Mountain Time Zone).^{[citation needed]}

• South Dakota: The eastern half of the state
• Tennessee: The western two-thirds of the state: Middle Tennessee and West Tennessee
• Texas: The entire state is in the Central Time Zone except for Hudspeth County and El Paso County in the very far western part.
• Wisconsin

Mexico[link]

Most of Mexico belongs to the Central Time Zone, with six of the northwestern States being exceptions: Baja California Sur, Chihuahua, Nayarit, Sinaloa, and Sonora.

The states of Mexico that observe Central Time in their entireties:

Mexico City, which is not a state but instead is now coterminous with the separate Federal District (Distrito Federal), also uses Central Time.

The states of Mexico that observe Central Time only in a small part, with another time zone elsewhere.

• Nayarit, where just the municipality of Bahia de Banderas uses Central Time.

Central Daylight Time[link]

Daylight saving time (DST) is in effect in much of Central time zones between mid-March and early November. The modified time is called Central Daylight Time (CDT) and is UTC−5. Saskatchewan, Sonora and Galápagos do not observe the change, remaining on Standard Time year round. One reason that Saskatchewan does not take part in the time change is that, geographically, the entire province is closer to the Mountain Time Zone's meridian. The province elected to move onto "permanent" daylight saving by being part of the Central Time Zone. The only exception is the region immediately surrounding the Saskatchewan side of the biprovincial city of Lloydminster, which has chosen to use Mountain Time with DST, synchronizing its clocks with those of Alberta.

In those areas of the Canadian and American time zones which observe DST, starting in 2007, the local time changes at 02:00 local standard time to 03:00 local daylight time on the second Sunday in March and returns at 02:00 local daylight time to 01:00 local standard time on the first Sunday in November. Mexico decided not to go along with this change and observes their horario de verano from the first Sunday in April to the last Sunday in October. In December 2009, the Mexican Congress allowed ten border cities, eight of which are in states that observe Central Time, to adopt the U.S. daylight time schedule effective in 2010.

Alphabetical list of cities and metropolitan areas[link]

See also[link]

• Effects of time on North American broadcasting

References[link]

External links[link]

• World time zone map
• History of U.S. time zones and UTC conversion
• The official U.S. time for the Central Time Zone
• Official times across Canada

Time zones present

Standard time is the result of synchronizing clocks in different geographical locations within a time zone to the same time rather than using the local meridian as in local mean time or solar time. Historically, this helped in the process of weather forecasting and train travel. The concept became established in the late 19th century. The time so set has come to be defined in terms of offsets from Universal Time. Where daylight saving time is used, the term standard time typically refers to the time without daylight saving time.

The adoption of Standard Time, because of the inseparable correspondence between time and longitude, solidified the concepts of halving the globe into an eastern and western hemisphere, with one Prime Meridian (as well its opposite International Dateline) replacing the various Prime Meridians that were in use.

History of standard time[link]

Great Britain[link]

A standardized time system was first used by British railways on December 11, 1847, when they switched from local mean time to Greenwich Mean Time (GMT). It was also given the name Railway time reflecting the important role the railway companies played in bringing it about. The vast majority of Great Britain's public clocks were being synchronised using GMT by 1855.

North America[link]

Prior to 1883, local mean time was used throughout North America, resulting in an inordinate number of local times. This caused convoluted regional and national train schedules. In 1870, Charles F. Dowd proposed four time zones based on the meridian through Washington, DC for North American railroads.^[1] In 1872, he recommended the Greenwich meridian. Sandford Fleming, a Canadian, proposed worldwide Standard Time at a meeting of the Royal Canadian Institute on February 8, 1879. Cleveland Abbe advocated standard time in order to more effectively coordinate international weather observations and resultant weather forecasts, which had previously been coordinated using local solar time. He recommended the concept of four time zones across the contiguous United States, based upon Greenwich Mean Time, in 1879.^[2] On October 11, 1883, the heads of the major railroads met in Chicago at the former Grand Pacific Hotel^[3] to adopt their own Standard Time System of five standard time zones for the continental U.S.A. and Canada. The new system was adopted by most states within one year after railroads did so. At noon on November 18, 1883, the U.S. Naval Observatory changed its telegraphic signals to correspond to the change.^{[citation needed]} The Standard Time Act of 1918 established standard time in time zones in U.S. law as well as daylight saving time (DST). The daylight savings time law was repealed in 1919 over a presidential veto, but reestablished nationally during World War II.^[4][5]

In 2007 the United States enacted a federal law formalizing the use of Coordinated Universal Time as the basis of standard time, and the role of the Secretary of Commerce (effectively, the National Institute of Standards and Technology) and the Secretary of the Navy (effectively, the U.S. Naval Observatory) in interpreting standard time.^[6]

See also[link]

• Time zone
• Universal Time
• Daylight saving time
• International Meridian Conference of 1884
• Mecca Time

References[link]

Further reading[link]

• Ian R. Bartky (January 1989). "The adoption of standard time". Technology and Culture 30 (1): 25–56. DOI:10.2307/3105430. JSTOR 3105430. 
• Eviatar Zerubavel (July 1982). "The standardization of time: a sociohistorical perspective". The American Journal of Sociology 88 (1): 1–23. DOI:10.1086/227631. JSTOR 2779401. 
• "World Time Scales". National Institute of Standards and Technology Physics Laboratory. 2002. Archived from the original on July 29, 1997. http://web.archive.org/web/19970729054246/http://physics.nist.gov/GenInt/Time/world.html. Retrieved August 26, 1997. 

James Dewees
James Dewees in Austin, TX on 8/23/08
Background information
Birth name	James Dewees
Born	(1976-03-13) March 13, 1976 (age 36)
Origin	Liberty, Missouri
Genres	alternative rock, indie rock, hardcore punk, power pop, metalcore, post-hardcore
Instruments	Vocals, piano, keyboards, drums
Years active	1995–present
Labels	Vagrant
Associated acts	Coalesce, The Get Up Kids, Reggie and the Full Effect, New Found Glory, My Chemical Romance, Leathermouth
Website	The Get Up Kids

James Dewees (born March 13, 1976) is an American musician who has been involved in many musical projects including Coalesce, The Get Up Kids, Reggie and the Full Effect, New Found Glory, My Chemical Romance, and, most recently, Leathermouth.

Early Life and Coalesce[link]

Dewees graduated from Liberty High School in Liberty, MO in 1994. He started college at William Jewell College in Liberty later transferring to the University of Missouri to study music composition. In 1995, he was asked to replace Sean Ingram as vocalist for the Kansas City hardcore band Coalesce. This angered Ingram, and caused a fight that eventually broke the band up. However, in the summer of 1996, the band decided to re-form, but this time with James Dewees as a drummer. With them, he recorded the band's first two full-length albums Give Them Rope and Functioning on Impatience. Dewees was later kicked out of college for missing too many classes while touring with the band.^[1]

The Get Up Kids[link]

In 1997, Coalesce played a music festival in Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania with fellow Kansas-Citians The Get Up Kids, who had just released their first album Four Minute Mile on Doghouse Records. At the end of Coalesce's set, they began smashing all of their equipment, and James picked up his Floor tom and threw it into the audience, hitting a girl on the head. Someone picked it up and tried to steal it, so James began chasing him, along with The Get Up Kids' guitarist Jim Suptic. They started talking, and Suptic invited James to hang out with the rest of the band.^[2][3]

Coalesce and The Get Up Kids began collaborating more and more, playing shows together and eventually covering each other's songs for a split 7". James recorded keyboard for the band on their Red Letter Day EP, and after its release, joined the band full-time. After the release of the band's second album Something to Write Home About, The Get Up Kids began receiving much greater national attention. In order to capitalize off of the success of Something to Write Home About, as well as bridge the gap between their next album, the band released a collection of B-sides and rarities, entitled Eudora, in 2000. This also included a re-make of "A Newfound Interest in Massachusetts", with a new arrangement placing a much heavier emphasis on the piano.

In 2002, the band released their third studio album, On a Wire, produced by Scott Litt. The album was a major departure from the band's previous, poppier sound, and struggled sales-wise as a result. In 2004, the band released their fourth album Guilt Show. The album was met with a much warmer reception than On a Wire, but there was a great deal of tension between the band mates during their world tour supporting the release. Lead singer Matt Pryor, whose wife had recently given birth, wanted to spend more time at home. At one stop in Australia, the band broke up before deciding to finish the tour. However, they decided that they would do one final farewell tour before going their separate ways for good. Around the beginning of their final tour, the band released Live! @ The Granada Theater, their first live album. The album was recorded at the Granada Theater in Lawrence, Kansas at the band's tenth-anniversary show. On July 2, 2005 the band played their final show at The Uptown Theater in Kansas City, Missouri.

On August 28, 2008 James announced there will be a reunion tour in 2009.

Reggie and the Full Effect[link]

After playing with The Get Up Kids for a while, James began to write some of his own songs. However, he did not feel as though they fit with the distinct style of The Get Up Kids, so with the assistance of bandmate Matt Pryor, he recorded Greatest Hits 1984-1987, releasing it on Vagrant Records in 1998 under the name Reggie and the Full Effect.^[4] He continued to write songs, finally releasing his second album Promotional Copy two years later.

In 2003, he released a third album entitled Under the Tray. After this album released, his marriage to his first wife Megan began to break down. He was soon involved in a bitter divorce, much of which inspired his fourth album Songs Not to Get Married To, which he was writing and recording during the divorce.^[5]

After The Get Up Kids split up in the summer of 2005, James began touring with New Found Glory and My Chemical Romance as their touring keyboardist. Slowly, this started to take more time away from Reggie and the Full Effect.

However, on April 8, 2008, Alternative Press announced that they had received details on the new album from Reggie and the Full Effect. The 12 song album, Last Stop: Crappy Town was produced by Sean Beavan with tracks also done by Paul Gray from Slipknot and was released on June 17, 2008 through Vagrant Records^[6]

Personalities[link]

On the various Reggie albums, James has created a series of different personas that appear as "guests" on the album. One of these personalities is "Klaus", the frontman for the fictional Finnish metal band Common Denominator. There have been three Common Denominator songs on Reggie and the Full Effect albums; "Dwarf Invasion" on Promotional Copy, "Linkin' Verbs" on Under the Tray, and "Deathnotronic" on Songs Not to Get Married To. The other personality present on many of his albums is "Fluxuation", a British techno-pop star. His credits include "Gloves" on Promotional Copy, "Mood 4 LUV" on Under the Tray, and "Love Reality" on Songs Not to Get Married To.

Other bands[link]

• After The Get Up Kids separated in 2005, James became the touring keyboardist for New Found Glory. He had previously helped write and record keyboard parts for their 2004 album Catalyst.
• In 2007, he became the touring keyboardist for My Chemical Romance. In 2007, My Chemical Romance bassist Mikey Way married his fiancée Alicia Simmons. James was ordained a minister in order to perform the ceremony. It was also announced that James would be joining the band as their official keyboardist, but this was proven false in an interview with James after the release of his latest album.
• On Monday June 30, 2008 in an interview with Lawrence.com, James Dewees said "[he is] playing drums in a new band called Leathermouth [with] a bunch of dudes from New Jersey. Their drummer quit... I've been rehearsing with them a lot and I like it a lot." Leathermouth is currently on Tour with Reggie and the Full Effect, with James on drums. Likewise, the band's vocalist Frank Iero (also from My Chemical Romance) has played bass for Reggie and the Full Effect at recent live shows.^[7]

Discography[link]

with Coalesce[link]

• Give Them Rope (1998)
• Functioning on Impatience (1998)

with The Get Up Kids[link]

• Something to Write Home About (1999)
• On a Wire (2002)
• Guilt Show (2004)
• There Are Rules (2011)

as Reggie and the Full Effect[link]

• Greatest Hits 1984-1987 (1998)
• Promotional Copy (2000)
• Under the Tray (2003)
• Songs Not to Get Married To (2005)
• Last Stop: Crappy Town (2008)

with New Found Glory[link]

• Catalyst (2004)

with My Chemical Romance[link]

• The Black Parade Is Dead! (2008)
• ¡Venganza! (2009)

With Leathermouth[link]

• XO (2009)

References[link]

Kevin Higgins is the head football coach at The Citadel. He has held that position since 2005. Before The Citadel, Higgins was head football coach at Lehigh University from 1994 through 2000.

A native of Emerson, New Jersey, he played football at Emerson Jr./Sr. High School, and coached at his alma mater from 1977–78.^[1]

Prior to receiving the head coaching position at Lehigh, Higgins served as an assistant at Gettysburg College and the University of Richmond. Prior to arriving at The Citadel, Higgins served as quarterbacks and wide receivers coach for the Detroit Lions.

Coaching record[link]

Seasons[link]

FCS Playoffs[link]

Kevin Higgins' Record in the NCAA Division I Football Championship Playoffs:

Rivalry games[link]

Kevin Higgins' Record in The Military Classic of the South (The Citadel vs. VMI):

Kevin Higgins' Record in The Rivalry (Lehigh-Lafayette):

References[link]

External links[link]

• Citadel profile

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