A collection of push-pins in a cork board

A pin is a device used for fastening objects or material together. It is usually made of steel, or on occasion copper or brass. It is formed by drawing out a thin wire, sharpening the tip, and adding a head. Nails are related, but are typically larger. In machines and engineering, pins are commonly used as pivots, hinges, shafts, jigs, and fixtures to locate or hold parts.

History[link]

Curved pins have been used for over four thousand years. Originally, they were fashioned out of iron and bone by the Sumerians and were used to hold clothes together. Later, these pins were also used to hold pages together by threading the needle through their top corner.^[1]

Many late pins were made of brass, a hard metal. Steel was used later, as it was much stronger, but there was no easy process to keep steel from rusting, so higher quality pins were plated with nickel, but the metal would start to break down and flake off in high humidity, allowing rust to form. Steel pins were not that inconvenient for homemaking uses as they were usually only used temporarily while sewing garments.^[2]

Other types[link]

The push pin, with a large plastic head, was invented in 1903 by Edwin Moore and quickly became a success. These pins are also called "thumbtacks". There is also a new push pin called a "paper cricket".

Walter Hunt invented the safety pin by forming an eight-inch brass pin into a bent pin with a spring and guard. He sold the rights to his invention to pay a debt to a friend,^[3] not knowing that he could have made millions of dollars.

In engineering and machine design, a pin is a machine element that secures the position of two or more parts of a machine relative to each other. A large variety of types has been known for a long time, the most commonly used are solid cylindrical pins, solid tapered pins, groove pins, slotted spring pins and spirally coiled spring pins.

See also[link]

• Bobby pin
• Clevis pin
• Collar pin
• Cotter pin
• Hairpin
• Lapel pin
• Push pin
• Safety pin
• Spring pin
• Microperforation
• Hot needle perforation
• Paper cricket
• Split pin

Notes[link]

References[link]

• Henry Petroski, The Evolution of Useful Things, Chapter 4. ISBN 0-679-74039-2.
• Robert Parmley, Standard handbook of fastening and joining. 1st edition. Chapter 2. McGraw-Hill (New York). 1977. ISBN 0-07-048511-9
• http://www.mcmaster.com/#pins/

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Alison Brie
Brie in June 2009
Born	Alison Brie Schermerhorn (1982-12-29) December 29, 1982 (age 29) Hollywood, California, USA
Residence	South Pasadena, California, USA
Years active	2004–present

Alison Brie (born December 29, 1982)^[1] is an American actress best known for portraying Annie Edison on Community, Trudy Campbell on Mad Men, and Rebecca Walters in Scream 4.

Early life[link]

Brie was born Alison Brie Schermerhorn in Hollywood, California. Her mother, Joanne (Brenner), works at the non-profit child care agency Para Los Niños, and her father, Charles Terry Schermerhorn, is a musician and freelance entertainment reporter.^[2][3] Brie began her career acting onstage at the Jewish Community Center in Southern California (her mother is Jewish).^[4][5] She graduated from the California Institute of the Arts with a bachelor's in theater in 2005.^[6] Prior to becoming a television actress, Brie had worked as a clown at birthday parties, and performed in theater in California.^[7]

For a time, Brie studied at the Royal Scottish Academy of Music and Drama in Glasgow.^[8]

Career[link]

One of Brie's first television roles was the minor character Nina, a novice hairdresser, on Hannah Montana. She then went on to star in the web series My Alibi, and was chosen for the role of Trudy Campbell in Mad Men. She is also a main cast member on Community as Annie Edison.

On April 15, 2010, Brie co-hosted G4's Attack of the Show!.^{[citation needed]} Brie has also appeared for a short segment on the G4 show, Web Soup.^{[citation needed]} She had a role in the 2010 film Montana Amazon.^[9] She made Maxim's 2010 Hot 100 list at number 99^[10] and Maxim's 2011 Hot 100 list at number 49.^[11] She had a role in the horror film Scream 4, as Sidney Prescott's assistant, Rebecca Walters. The film was released on April 15, 2011.^[12] She appeared alongside Jason Segel and Emily Blunt in The Five-Year Engagement, which was released April 27, 2012.

Filmography[link]

References[link]

External links[link]

• Alison Brie at the Internet Movie Database
• Alison Brie on Twitter

Gillian Jacobs
Jacobs in March 2012.
Born	(1982-10-20) October 20, 1982 (age 29) Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, U.S.
Occupation	Actress
Years active	2005–present

Gillian Jacobs ( /ˈɡɪlɪən/; born October 20, 1982)^[1] is an American film, theater and television actress, best known for her role as Britta Perry on the NBC comedy series Community.

Personal life[link]

Jacobs was born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, and grew up in Mt. Lebanon, Pennsylvania, a suburb of Pittsburgh.^[2]

She made her name locally at the Pittsburgh Public Theater. There she was a perennial contender in the Public's Shakespeare Monologue Contest, which led to her being cast as Titania in its production of A Midsummer Night's Dream.^[3] After graduating from Mt. Lebanon High School in 2000, Jacobs moved to New York City, New York, to study acting at The Juilliard School, where she was a member of the Drama Division's Group 33.

Jacobs is of Irish, Scottish, German and French heritage.^[4]

Career[link]

Jacobs's first national exposure came as Adele Congreve on the television series The Book of Daniel. Although she played Kimberly in the television pilot of Traveler, the role was recast when ABC acquired the series. She subsequently made guest appearances on Law & Order: Criminal Intent and Fringe.

In 2006, Jacobs starred in an Off-Off-Broadway theatre production of playwright Chris Denham's cagelove. While overall critical reaction to the play was negative, Jacobs earned praise in several reviews.^[5][6][7] The New York Times advised readers to "make sure to remember the name of Gillian Jacobs, a stunning Juilliard graduate who has the glow of a star in the making".^[8]

She has also appeared in theatrical productions of The Fabulous Life of a Size Zero (2007), A Feminine Ending (2007)^[9] and The Little Flower of East Orange (2008), directed by Philip Seymour Hoffman.^[10]

Jacobs's film work includes Gardens of the Night (2007); writer-director Adam Rapp's Blackbird (2007); Choke (2008), based on the Chuck Palahniuk novel, and The Box (2009).^[11]

Jacobs at PaleyFest in March 2010.

In 2009, she became a regular on Community. Jacobs comments on it in an interview in Venus Zine's Fall 2010 Issue, "There's an absurdity to the show. We exist in a world in which anything can happen week to week, and that pushes me in so many ways."^[12]

Filmography[link]

Television work[link]

References[link]

External links[link]

• Gillian Jacobs on Twitter
• Gillian Jacobs at the Internet Movie Database
• Gillian Jacobs at the Internet Off-Broadway Database

The Classic (Hangul: 클래식; Keulraesik) is a 2003 South Korean melodrama / romance film directed by Kwak Jae-yong.

Plot[link]

The film tells the parallel love stories of a mother and daughter. The story of the mother is told partially in flashbacks.

The movie starts in the present day. The daughter, Ji-hye (Son Ye-jin), is cleaning-up around her house when she comes across a box full of old letters and a diary that detail the story of her mother, Joo-hee (who is also played by Son Ye-jin). Periodically in the movie, Ji-hye reads one of these letters, which starts a flashback scene in which the story of the mother is told. These flashbacks are intertwined with Ji-hye's own story, in which she falls for a fellow student, Sang-min (Zo In Sung), who is involved with the school theater.

The movie tells the story of both relationships. The mother, Joo-hee, visits the countryside as a student one summer and meets Joon-ha (Jo Seung-woo). Together they explore the countryside, playing near a river which they both will always remember as their special place. When a storm starts they take shelter together under a tree, but not before Joo-hee twists her ankle and is rendered helpless. Joon-ha carries her on his back and they struggle home, only to be confronted by her angry parents. Before they separate, Joo-hee gives him a necklace, which he keeps close as a precious reminder of their time together.

Unfortunately, as often happens in affairs of the heart, a third party prevents any deepening of their relationship. Joo-hee has been promised by her parents as a bride to Tae-soo, Joon-ha's friend. But Tae-soo, a noble friend, finds out about Joo-hee and Joon-ha's attraction for each other and helps the two communicate secretly by letting them use his own name in place of Joon-ha's in their letters. When Tae-soo's father finds this out, however, he beats Tae-soo. Tae-soo tries unsuccessfully to commit suicide so that his two friends can be together.

Meanwhile, in the present, Ji-hye falls for Sang-min in whom her friend Soo-kyeong is also very interested, but he seems not to notice. Then, in a sweet scene, they take shelter from the rain together under the same tree. He uses his coat to cover both of them and escorts her to where she needs to go. The moment, while magical, does not go anywhere as she feels his help was only due to his generous nature and not from any feelings for her on his part.

Back in the past, Joon-ha is guilt-ridden over his friend's attempted suicide and Joo-hee's own guilt. Determined to prevent any more hurt to her, Joon-ha joins the army and goes to Vietnam. There he loses his eyesight while he tries to retrieve the necklace Joo-hee had given him. When he returns to Korea, he meets again with Joo-hee, and, trying to hide his blindness, convinces her he has married in the hope she will move on with her life. Though heart broken that their relationship cannot continue, she does move on and eventually marries Tae-soo, Joon-ha's kind friend. After they have been married for several years and have a young daughter (Ji-hye) Joo-hee is approached by friends of Joon-ha, who relate Joon-ha's last wish: that his ashes be scattered by Joo-hee in the river, now a reservoir, where they first met. She then finds out that Joon-ha hadn't married, but he later did after Tae-soo and Joo-hee were married. She was told that he had a son also. The heart-break is too much and she cries.

In the present, Ji-hye's own story unfolds. Sang-min reveals his true feelings for Ji-hye - feelings that mirror her own. It is also revealed that their taking shelter together during the storm was no accident: he had purposely left his umbrella behind in a shop so that he could join her under the tree. Then, when Ji-hye pensively reveals her mother's story to him, tears stream down his face. Silently he lifts a necklace from around his neck and places it around hers. It is the necklace that Ji-hye's mother, Joo-hee, had given to Joon-ha when they met. The circle is completed: Joo-hee's daughter and Joon-ha's son have fallen in love.

Cast[link]

• Son Ye-jin in dual role as Ji-hye and Joo-hee (Ji-hye's mother)
• Jo Seung-woo as Joon-ha
• Zo In Sung as Sang-min
• Lee Ki-woo as Tae-soo (friend of Joon-ha)
• Lee Soo-in as Soo-kyeong (friend of Ji-hye)
• Seo Yeong-hee as Na-hee (friend of Joo-hee)
• Lim Ye Jin as Shopkeeper

Development[link]

Several of the school scenes were filmed at various universities in Korea. Notably, the library was in Kyung Hee University. There are many parallels between the flashback and present day stories. In the flashbacks, Joon Ha writes letters in the name of his friend Tae-soo to their mutual love interest. In the present day, Ji-hye writes letters in the name of her friend to their mutual love interest. In the flashbacks, Joo-hee has an annoying female friend that Joon-ha is initially set up with. In the present day, Ji-hye also has an annoying friend that interferes with her relationship. Also, Joo-hee and Ji-hye both receive the same poem from the people they love: "When the sun shines...".

Reception[link]

The Classic was nominated at the Hong Kong Film Awards in the category Best Asian Film in 2004.^[3]

Son Ye-jin received several awards for her performance in the film:^[4]

• 2003 40th Daejong sang Awards: Best New Actress (The Classic)
• 2003 39th PaekSang Arts Awards: Best New Actress (The Classic)
• 2003 24th Blue Dragon Film Awards - Most Favourite Star (The Classic, Crazy First Love)
• 2004 9th Moscow International Love Movie Awards: Best Couple (The Classic)

Music[link]

The film relies heavily on music to help convey emotion.

Korean Songs in the film:

• 그랬나봐 ("Geuraetna pwa" - World without love) - performer: Kim Hyung Joong
• 고백 ("Gobaek" - Confession) - performer: Delispice - played during the art gallery scene
• 너에게 난 나에게 넌 ("Neoehgeh nan naehgeh neon" - Me to you, you to me) - performer: Jatanpung - played during both special umbrella scenes
• 너무 아픈 사랑은 사랑이아니었음을 ("Neomu apeun sarangeun sarangee anieosseumeul" - It wasn't love if it hurt so much) - performer: Kim Kwang Suk - played during train and last meeting scenes
• 사랑하면 할수록 ("Saranghamyon halsoorok" - If we are in love, then...) - Played in different instrumental versions throughout the film - always at emotional moments. It is sung in the final scenes by performer Han Song Min. There is also a Mandarin version of this song titled "Hui Se Kong Jian" (灰色空間 in Mandarin) which is sung by Taiwanese singer Show Luo in Taiwanese drama called "The Outsider II".

The piano piece performed by Joo-Hee on stage is Beethoven's Piano Sonata 8, movement 2 Pathetique Sonata.

Pachelbel's Canon in D was also used as the background music. This same music was featured in the director's earlier film, My Sassy Girl.

Some American songs were used as well.

References[link]

External links[link]

• The Classic at the Korean Movie Database
• The Classic at the Internet Movie Database
• The Classic at HanCinema