YPBPR is a color space used in video electronics, in particular in reference to component video cables. YPBPR is the analog version of the YCBCR color space; the two are numerically equivalent, but YPBPR is designed for use in analog systems whereas YCBCR is intended for digital video. YPBPR cables are also commonly referred to as Yipper cables. YPBPR is commonly called "component video", but this is imprecise, as there are many other types of component video, most of which are some form of RGB. Some video cards come with video-in video-out (VIVO) ports for connecting to component video devices. Technical details YPBPR is converted from the RGB video signal, which is split into three components: Y, PB, and PR. Y carries luma (brightness or luminance) and synchronization (sync) information. Y = 0.2126 R + 0.7152 G + 0.0722 B Before the advent of color television, the Y axis on an oscilloscope display of a video waveform represented the intensity of the scan line. With color, Y still represents intensity but it is a composite of the component colors. PB carries the difference between blue and luma (B − Y). PR carries the difference between red and luma (R − Y). Sending a green signal would be redundant, as it can be derived using the blue, red and luma information. When color signals were first added to NTSC-encoded black and white video standard, the hue was represented by a phase shift of a color reference sub-carrier. P for phase information or phase shift has carried through to represent color information even in the case where there is no longer a phase shift used to represent hue. Thus, the Y PB PR nomenclature derives from engineering metrics developed for the NTSC color standard. The same cables can be used for YPBPR and composite video. This means that the yellow, red, and white RCA connector cables commonly packaged with most audio/visual equipment can be used in place of the YPBPR connectors, provided the end user is careful to keep track of the device functions (i.e. connect any one of the individual functions to the corresponding function on the other end using any cable color). YPBPR advantages YPBPR was developed to save on cable bandwidth requirements while separating the signal enough to retain image quality. S-Video and composite video mix the signals together by means of electronic multiplexing; however, more often than not the signal is degraded at the display end as the display is not able to separate the signals completely. It is possible for their multiplexed counterparts to interfere with each other (see dot crawl). Signals that use YPBPR, like other forms of component video, offer enough separation of the signals that no multiplexing is needed, so the quality of the extracted image is generally nearly identical to the signal before encoding. Though not specifically an advantage of YPBPR, component video which uses YPBPR is the only one out of the four analog video connection standards commonly used on consumer televisions (the other three being composite, S-Video and, in Europe, RGB (SCART)) that is able to transfer non-interlaced video and/or carry resolutions higher than 480i or 576i. However, with the advent of HDTV, VGA connectors, which use analog RGB component video and are capable carrying resolutions far in excess of SDTV, have also become increasingly common on television sets. ^a The analog RGB component video signal used by SCART is capable of carrying both non-interlaced video and video with much higher resolutions than SDTV. However, the SCART connection standard (CENELEC EN 50049-1/IEC 933-1) does not include video signals above 480i60/576i50. Image source and licensing details: http://wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Component-cables.jpgThis is a synthesized speech reading of the Wikipedia article "YPbPr" and is intended primarily for blind and visually impaired individuals who can not view Wikipedia. This video can also be used for mobile users who wish to listen to Wikipedia articles on the go, or by those who wish to learn a second language by reading the captions in that language while listening in English. Original article available at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/YPbPr All text from Wikipedia is licensed under CC-BY-SA: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Reusing_Wikipedia_content "You are free ... to make commercial use of the work": http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/ Text-to-speech synthesized from FestVox, which permits commercial use: "no restrictions on its use (commercial or otherwise)" http://festvox.org/festival/downloads.html Original article available at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/YPbPr Note: all these licenses permit commercial use, and therefore we are permitted to monetize videos derived from these contents.

• published: 25 Aug 2013
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