"Rolling in the Deep" is a song recorded by British singer-songwriter Adele for her second studio album, 21. The song was written by Adele and Paul Epworth, who described it as a "dark blues-y gospel disco tune".[1] The largest crossover hit in the United States from the past 25 years, "Rolling in the Deep" gained radio airplay from many different radio formats.[2] It was first released on 29 November 2010 as the lead single of the album in digital download format. The lyrics describe the emotions of a scorned lover.
"Rolling in the Deep" was acclaimed by music critics and represented a commercial breakthrough for Adele, propelling her to international success. The song reached number one in 11 countries and the top five in many more regions. It was Adele's first number-one song in the United States, reaching the top spot on many Billboard charts, including the Billboard Hot 100 where it was number one for seven weeks. By February 2012, "Rolling in the Deep" had sold over 7,000,000 copies in the United States,[3] making it the overall second best-selling digital song in the US and Adele's best-selling single outside her native country, topping her previous best-selling "Chasing Pavements". Worldwide, it was the fifth best selling digital single of 2011 with sales of 8.2 million copies.[4] In March 2012, "Rolling in the Deep" became the highest selling digital song by a female artist, surpassing Lady Gaga's previous record with "Poker Face".[5] The song spent 65 weeks on the chart, making the song the third most weeks spent on the chart, tying the place with Jewel with her double single "Foolish Games"/"You Were Meant for Me".
In July, the video was nominated for seven MTV Video Music Awards nominations, making it the most nominated music video of the year.[6] The video won three awards: Best Editing, Best Cinematography and Best Art Direction.[7] "Rolling in the Deep" was also the Billboard Year End Hot 100 Number One Single of 2011. On 12 February 2012, "Rolling in the Deep" received three Grammy Awards for Record of the Year, Song of the Year, and Best Short Form Music Video.[8][9] Critics and music publications ranked the song highly on their end-of-year lists.
In an interview Adkins expressed her initial reservations prior to meeting with Epworth due to their divergent musical styles, but characterised their collaboration as "a match made in heaven."[10] She also credited Epworth for her increased vocal confidence, stating, "He brought a lot out of me. He brought my voice out as well—there's notes that I hit in that song ["Rolling in the Deep"] that I never even knew I could hit."[10] According to reviewer Bill Lamb, "Rolling in the Deep" features "martial beats, pounding piano keys and chanting backing singers".[11] Adele's vocals have been described as having a "hint of Wanda Jackson's dirty-blues growl".[12] According to Nadine Cheung from AOL Radio Blog the song is "sung from the perspective of a scorned lover, who is finally able to see the light, but despite regretful sentiments, reconciliation is not an option here."[13] "Rolling in the Deep" is written in the key of C minor, in common time with an approximate tempo of 105 beats per minute. The accompaniment uses open fifths, in a progression of C5–G5–B♭5–G5–B♭5. Adele's voice spans from B♭3 to D5,[14] the highest note sung using the head voice.
The song was reportedly inspired by a Nashville-schooled US tour bus driver,[15] and composed by Epworth and Adkins in a single afternoon following Adkin's breakup with her boyfriend.[16]
The song has received acclaim for Adele's vocals, its lyrics, and instrumentation. The Sun called the song "an epic, foot-stomper of a pop anthem with thumping piano and a vocal you would expect from a veteran of 20 years on the road."[17] Lamb gave it a perfect score of 5, saying: "'Rolling In the Deep' [...] wastes no time in presenting the stunning bluesy authority of her voice. Less than five seconds in she begins proclaiming the rise of emotion that results in fantasies of revenge against a lover who has done her wrong. Hers is a voice that can raise chills up the spine, and, when she is in a mood like this, the sense of foreboding will rivet your attention."[11] Jason Lipshutz of Billboard magazine complimented the song's "sweeping chorus" and felt that the song "places a similar emphasis on its refrain but its multilayered instrumentation gives the English singer's wail a previously unheard depth".[18] Lipshutz also praised Adele's vocal performance by writing, "Adele's noticeable leap in vocal confidence highlights the track. She gracefully lingers on the last line of the verses and attacks the sorrowful chorus' first words, 'We could have had it all,' head on."[18] Rolling Stone magazine's Barry Walters gave the song a positive review stating, "'Rolling in the Deep' finds the 22-year-old in bluesy gospel mode, sounding powerful but not particularly pop. Starting with a stroked acoustic guitar, this breakup-mourning track builds to a stomping, hand-clapping climax that affirms the British knack for rejiggering the sound of American roots music."[19]
The writers of Rolling Stone placed "Rolling in the Deep" at number one on their list of "50 Best Singles of 2011". Claire Suddath of Time magazine named "Rolling in the Deep" one of the Top 10 Songs of 2011.[21] "Rolling in the Deep" won in the category for Best Track at the 2011 Q Awards.[22] MTV chose the song as their "Song of the Year".[23] Amy Lee of the American rock band Evanescence chose the song as her "Song of the Year" while voting Adele as the artist of the year.[24]
In the UK, "Rolling in the Deep" debuted at number 2 (her second number 2 debut, after "Chasing Pavements"), behind Bruno Mars's "Grenade". The song spent the first ten weeks of its chart run in the top ten, and the first four weeks at the number two position.
Upon its American release, "Rolling in the Deep" became Adele's second single to chart in the country. The song first debuted on the Billboard Hot 100 at number 68 on 25 December 2010. Later on, it became her first ever single to top a Billboard chart when it reached number one on the Hot Adult Top 40 Tracks chart in March 2011,[25] and became her first number one hit in the country when it topped the Billboard Hot 100 in May 2011.[26] As a result, Adele became the first British singer to have topped both the Billboard Hot 100 and Billboard 200 charts in the same week since Leona Lewis did the same back in 2008.[27] In its 24th charting week, "Rolling in the Deep" stayed at number-one, making it the latest single at the top since Lady Gaga's "Just Dance" spent its third and final week at number one in its 24th charting week as well.[28] It stayed on top of the chart for seven straight weeks, the second longest run in 2011 behind Rihanna's "We Found Love", which spent eight weeks on top in 2011, and two weeks in 2012. It has been certified 5x platinum, making it only the second song by a British female artist to reach this feat since Leona Lewis' "Bleeding Love."[29] As of 26 July 2011, "Rolling in the Deep" was the third best selling digital single across Europe with 1.26 million copies sold.[30] As of 5 November 2011 issue of Billboard, it had been No. 1 on the Adult Contemporary chart for 19 consecutive weeks. "Rolling in the Deep" has become her label XL Recordings' best selling single, overtaking M.I.A.'s "Paper Planes" released in 2008 which until 2011 held the record.[31]
As of April 2012, "Rolling in the Deep" had sold 7,036,000 digital copies in the United States,[32] and it has become the biggest-selling digital song of all time by a woman in the US. It is the second-biggest-selling digital song in history.[33] The song is also the second longest-charting No. 1 song of 2011.[34]
The music video for "Rolling in the Deep," directed by Sam Brown, premiered on Channel 4 on 3 December 2010.[35][36] The video begins in an abandoned house, where Adele is sitting in a chair singing. During the video, the scenes show hundreds of glasses filled with water that vibrate to the beat of a drum, a mysterious person (played by Jennifer White, who also choreographed the sequence)[37] dancing in a room with white flour and dust, the drummer playing the drums behind the stairs, china being thrown and breaking on the wall in front of the staircase, and a white model of a city which is set on fire by five bursting light bulbs at the end of the song.
João Barreto of the Seattle Post-Intelligencer said, "The clip is very redundant on the statements of the song".[38] On 20 July 2011, the music video was nominated for seven MTV Video Music Awards, including Video of the Year, Best Female Video, Best Pop Video and Best Direction, and won three for Best Editing, Best Cinematography and Best Art Direction.[7] The video won the Grammy Award for Best Short Form Music Video on 12 February 2012.
Adele performed the song several times. On 24 November 2010, the singer appeared on Dutch presenter Paul de Leeuw's Madiwodovrij Show to perform the song for the first time. She also performed it on The Ellen DeGeneres Show in the United States on 3 December 2010.[39] The song was also performed in front of the Royal Family at the Royal Variety Performance, on 9 December 2010; the performance was broadcast 16 December 2010. On Alan Carr: Chatty Man in the United Kingdom on 17 January 2011. On 21 January 2011, Adele performed "Rolling in the Deep" in the finale of The Voice of Holland where she also performed "Make You Feel My Love" with finalist Kim de Boer. On 26 January 2011, she performed the song in the French television show Le Grand Journal. The song has also been featured in a television spot for the 2011 film I Am Number Four, in which it is also featured.[40] As part of a promotional tour in North America for the album, Adele performed the song on Late Show with David Letterman on 21 February 2011, on Jimmy Kimmel Live! on 24 February 2011, on 1 March 2011 on MTV Live, and Dancing With The Stars on 10 May 2011.
The song became popular and has been covered by various artists including David Cook, Ariana Grande,[42] Haley Reinhart, Nicole Scherzinger,[43][44][45] The Overtones and rappers Lil Wayne and Childish Gambino. In February 2011, Mike Posner released a cover of the song. Idolator described his version as "a very cool electronic piece that still somehow manages to retain the heartbroken feel of Adele’s original tune."[46] John Legend uploaded an R&B a capella version of the song in April 2011 on SoundCloud.[47] Legend's version was then covered by Lea Michele and Jonathan Groff of Glee for the second season episode "Prom Queen". The single charted at number 29 on the Billboard Hot 100 and at 49 on the UK Singles Chart and was later released on the album Glee: The Music, Volume 6. At the 2011 iTunes Festival, Linkin Park performed an acoustic version of "Rolling in the Deep" as part of their set, with Chester Bennington as the vocalist. This recording was released to the iTunes Store as a single, debuting at number 42 on the UK Singles Chart.[48] Black Stone Cherry have covered the song live on several occasions. On 14 July 2011, Patti Smith included a cover of "Rolling in the Deep" at her performance at the Castle Clinton.[citation needed] Quentin Elias released a cover of the song as a single on 6 September 2011. It also appears on his EP I Can Do Bad All By Myself released simultaneously.[49] Pop-Punk band, Go Radio covered the song for the compilation CD Punk Goes Pop 4, released by Fearless Records. The Collective performed the song on the third season of The Sing-Off. Contestant Misha Bryan (known as Misha B) covered the song on the eighth season of The X Factor and included a rap verse. Indonesian-French singer Anggun performed the song during her second official solo tour called "Konser Kilau Anggun" in Jakarta. Anggun's version was performed live as the second last song of the set, notably the first song of her encore. Mexican sibling trio Vazquez Sounds released a cover version which quickly became popular on YouTube. It was later released as a single in Mexico and was certified gold by AMPROFON.[50]In K-pop Star 14 year old Park Jimin sang a cover of it and impressed all judges. Her cover spread throughout South Korea. Popular child singer and Britain's Got Talent 2007 finalist Connie Talbot has also covered the song on her YouTube channel and received over 20 million hits. Also, Mike Posner remixed his own cover of "Rolling in the Deep".
- "Rolling in the Deep" – 3:48
- "Rolling in the Deep" – 3:48
- "Rolling in the Deep (Jamie xx Shuffle)" – 4:17
- "Rolling in the Deep (Acapella)" – 3:56
- "Rolling in the Deep"
- "If It Hadn't Been for Love" (Michael Henderson, Christopher Stapleton)
Credits adapted from liner notes:[54]
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