Capri harbor, Italy seen from Anacapri

A harbor or harbour (see spelling differences), or haven, is a place where ships, boats, and barges can seek shelter through stormy weather, or else are stored for future use. Harbors can be natural or artificial. An artificial harbor has deliberately-constructed breakwaters, sea walls, or jettys, or otherwise, they could have been constructed by dredging, and these require maintenance by further periodic dredging. An example of the former kind is at Long Beach Harbor, California, and an example of the latter kind is San Diego Harbor, California, which was, under natural conditions, too shallow for modern merchant ships and warships.

In contrast, a natural harbor is surrounded on several sides by prominences of land. An example of this kind of harbor is San Francisco Bay, California.

Harbors and ports are often confused with each other. A port is a facility for loading and unloading vessels; ports are usually located in harbors.

Artificial harbors[link]

Artificial harbors are frequently built for use as ports. The largest artificially created harbor is Jebel Ali in Dubai.^[1] Other large and busy artificial harbors are located at: Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Port of Houston, Texas; Port of Long Beach, California; and Port of Los Angeles in San Pedro, California.

Natural harbors[link]

A natural harbor in Vizhinjam, India

A natural harbor is a landform where a part of a body of water is protected and deep enough to furnish anchorage. Many such harbors are rias. Natural harbors have long been of great strategic naval and economic importance, and many great cities of the world are located on them. Having a protected harbor reduces or eliminates the need for breakwaters as it will result in calmer waves inside the harbor. Some examples are Kingston Harbour in Jamaica, Subic, Zambales in the Philippines; Sydney Harbour in Australia; Pearl Harbor in Hawaii; San Francisco Bay in California; Visakhapatnam Harbour in Andhra Pradesh, India; and Halifax Harbour in Nova Scotia, Canada.

Ice-free harbors[link]

For harbors near the North and South Poles, being ice-free is an important advantage, especially when it is year-round. Examples of these include Murmansk, Russia; Pechenga, Russia, formerly Petsamo, Finland); Vladivostok, Russia; St. Petersburg, Russia; Hammerfest, Norway; Vardø, Norway; and Prince Rupert Harbour, Canada. The world's southmost harbor, located at Antarctica's Winter Quarters Bay (77° 50′ South), is potentially ice-free, depending on the summertime pack ice conditions.^[2]

Important harbors[link]

The tiny harbor at the village of Clovelly, Devon, England

Old Harbour in Lüneburg, Germany.

The harbor of Piraeus in Greece.

Port Jackson, Sydney.

Although the world's busiest port is a hotly contested title, in 2006 the world's busiest harbor by cargo tonnage was the Port of Shanghai.^[3]

The following are large natural harbors:

• Tuticorin, tamil nadu, India
• Algeciras, Spain
• Hai Phong Port, Haiphong, Vietnam
• Amsterdam, Port of Amsterdam, Netherlands
• Antwerp, Port of Antwerp, Flanders, Belgium
• Baltimore's Inner Harbor, Maryland, United States
• Boston Harbor, Massachusetts, United States
• Bremerhaven, Germany
• Buenos Aires, Argentina
• Cartagena, Colombia
• Charleston, South Carolina, United States
• Port of Chittagong,Chittagong City, Bangladesh
• Cork Harbour, Ireland
• Duluth, Minnesota, United States
• Durban, South Africa
• Falmouth, Cornwall, England, United Kingdom
• Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India
• Freetown Harbour, Sierra Leone
• Golden Horn, Istanbul, Turkey
• Izmir's Inner Harbor, Izmir, Turkey
• Gothenburg, Sweden
• Grand Harbour, Malta
• Halifax Harbour, Nova Scotia, Canada
• Hamburg Harbour, Germany
• Hampton Roads, Norfolk, Virginia, United States
• Havana Harbor
• Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan
• Kingston, Jamaica
• Kobe Harbour, Kobe, Japan
• Kochi, India
• Lushunkou, Dalian, China
• Mahon, Minorca, Spain
• Manila Bay, Philippines
• Milford Haven, Wales, United Kingdom
• Montevideo, Uruguay
• Mumbai, India
• Nassau, Bahamas
• New York Harbor, United States
• Oslofjord, Norway
• Pearl Harbor, Honolulu, Hawaii, United States
• Piraeus, Attiki, Greece
• Plymouth Sound, Devon, England, United Kingdom
• Poole Harbour, Dorset, England, United Kingdom
• Port Jackson, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
• Port of Tyne, Tyne & Wear, United Kingdom
• Port Phillip, Victoria, Australia
• Portland Harbor, Casco Bay, Maine, United States
• Rio de Janeiro, Guanabara Bay, Brazil
• Rotterdam, Port of Rotterdam, Netherlands
• Salvador, Brazil
• San Diego Bay, San Diego, California, United States
• San Francisco Bay, California, United States
• Sankt Petersburg, Russia
• Sevastopol Harbour, Sevastopol, Ukraine
• Subic Bay, Zambales, Philippines
• Tanger-Med, Tangier, Morocco
• Tauranga Harbour, Tauranga, New Zealand
• Tokyo Bay, Tokyo, Japan
• Trincomalee, Sri Lanka
• Vancouver, Canada
• Victoria Harbour, Hong Kong
• Chennai port, India
• Vizhinjam, India
• Wellington Harbour, New Zealand
• Willemstad, Curaçao, Netherlands Antilles

Other notable harbors include:

• Belém, Brazil
• Kahului, Hawaii, United States
• Kaipara Harbour, New Zealand
• Kaohsiung, Taiwan
• Keelung, Taiwan
• Kilindini Harbour, Kenya
• Keppel Harbour, Singapore
• Manukau Harbour, Auckland, New Zealand
• New Haven Harbor, Connecticut, United States
• Port of Bruges-Zeebrugge, Flanders, Belgium
• Port of Genoa, Italy
• Portland Harbour, Dorset, England, United Kingdom
• Rades, Tunisia
• Trondheim, Norway
• Port of Gdańsk, Poland
• Port of Szczecin, Poland

See also[link]

Notes[link]

External links[link]

Look up harbor in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Harbors

Look up work in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

Work may refer to:

Human labor[link]

• Employment, a contract between two parties, one being the employer and the other being the employee
• House work, cleaning the rooms and furnishings of a home
• Labor (economics), measure of the work done by human beings
• Manual labour, physical work done by people
• Wage labour, in which a worker sells their labor and an employer buys it
• Work (project management), the effort applied to produce a deliverable or accomplish a task
• Working the system, using the rules and procedures meant to protect a system, instead to manipulate that system

Physics[link]

• Work (physics), the amount of work done by, or energy transferred by, a force acting through a distance
• Work (electrical), the work done by, or energy transferred by, a force from an electric field acting on a charge though a distance
• Work (thermodynamics), the quantity of total energy transferred from one system to another, not counting energy transferred by heat
• Mechanical work, a subset of work (physics) with the connotation that the force doing work is a "mechanical," pressure, or contact-type force

Theology[link]

• Karma, or "deed" in Sanskrit, causes the cycle of cause and effect, or Saṃsāra, in Indian religions
• Work (Christian theology), acts of charity

Law[link]

• Work, the subject matter of copyright law

Film/Media[link]

• Work (1915 film), a 1915 silent film co-starring Edna Purviance
• WORK (FM), an American FM radio station licensed to serve Barre, Vermont
• Work (professional wrestling), a staged event
• Work (painting), by Ford Madox Brown
• Work: A Story of Experience, a 1873 novel by Louisa May Alcott
• Work, a 1978 play by Ron Milner

Music[link]

• The Work (band), band
• Work Records (aka "WORK" or "The WORK Group"), a music label under Sony Records
• Work 1989–2002, a release by the electronic music duo Orbital
• "Work" (Ciara song), a 2009 single by Ciara
• "Work" (Jars of Clay song), a 2006 song by Jars of Clay
• "Work" (Jimmy Eat World song), a 2004 song by the rock band Jimmy Eat World
• "Work", a song by Bob Marley from his album Uprising
• "Work" (Kelly Rowland song), a 2007 single by Kelly Rowland
• "Work" (The Saturdays song), a 2008 song by British pop group The Saturdays
• Work Work, a song by N Dubz
• Work (album), a 2010 album by Shout Out Louds

Name[link]

• Weorc or Work (Anglo-Saxon leader), who gave his name to Workington or 'Weorc-inga-tun', meaning the 'tun' (settlement) of the 'Weorcingas' (the people of Weorc or Work)

See also[link]

• Labour (disambiguation)
• The Works (disambiguation)
• Works (disambiguation)
• Working (disambiguation)
• All pages with titles containing "Work"
• All pages beginning with "Work"

This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the same title. If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article.

This biographical article needs additional citations for verification. Please help by adding reliable sources. Contentious material about living persons that is unsourced or poorly sourced must be removed immediately, especially if potentially libelous or harmful. (November 2007)

Avram Finkelstein is an artist, writer, gay rights activist, and member of the AIDS art collective Gran Fury.

Finkelstein describes himself as a "red diaper baby", raised by leftist parents who encouraged him to develop an interest in radical politics.^[1] He began by protesting the Vietnam War in the 1960s, and has worked on many activist causes, including The Student Mobilization Committee, The Poor People's Campaign, The Coalition for Lesbian and Gay Rights, and was a founding member of the AIDS advocacy group ACT-UP.^[2] In 1986, Finkelstein was co-founder of the group Silence=Death Project, which created the "Silence=Death" anti-AIDS logo to combat institutional silence surrounding homophobia and HIV/AIDS,^[3] later donated to ACT-UP.^[4] In 1994, in preparation for the Gay Games in New York City, he wrote a tract for ACT-UP, entitled "Welcome to New York", which asked gay men and lesbians who attended the games and other festivities surrounding the twenty-fifth anniversary of the Stonewall Riots to take action to stop the AIDS epidemic.^[5]

Finkelstein has covered art & culture for Artwrit, Italian Vogue, Dazed and Confused, Visionaire, Pride, Genre, Van and Dune. With Gran Fury, he collaborated on public awareness campaigns and public art projects for publications, museums and foundations including The Whitney Museum of American Art, The Venice Biennale, ArtForum, The New Museum of Contemporary Art, Creative Time, and The Public Art Fund. Finkelstein has been interviewed about art, activism and communication in the public sphere by publications including The New York Times and Interview.^{[citation needed]}, and spoken at Harvard, Exit Art, Fordham, RISD, MassArt, The School of Visual Arts and CUNY.

References[link]

1. ^ Belonsky, Andrew (February 25, 2008). "Avram Finkelstein's Words Resonate". Queerty. http://www.queerty.com/avram-finkelsteins-words-resonate-20080225/. Retrieved January 27, 2010. 
2. ^ DeParle, Jason (January 3, 1990). "Rude, Rash, Effective, Act-Up Shifts AIDS Policy". The New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/1990/01/03/nyregion/rude-rash-effective-act-up-shifts-aids-policy.html?pagewanted=all. Retrieved January 27, 2010 
3. ^ Video Interview with Avram Finkelstein: Silence=Death Project, ACT UP, Silence Opens Doors | http://www.silenceopensdoors.com/2009/10/chapter-2.html | March 3, 2010
4. ^ Goldstein, Richard (March 25, 1997). "How AIDS Activists Tapped the Power of Art". The Village Voice 42 (12): p. 43 
5. ^ "Welcome to New York — by Avram Finkelstein". ACT-UP. http://www.actupny.org/diva/CBessays.html. Retrieved January 27, 2010.