Kung Fu Panda is a 2008 American computer-animated action comedy film produced by DreamWorks Animation and distributed by Paramount Pictures. It was directed by John Wayne Stevenson and Mark Osborne and produced by Melissa Cobb, and stars the voice of Jack Black along with Dustin Hoffman, Jackie Chan, Angelina Jolie, Ian McShane, Seth Rogen, Lucy Liu, David Cross, Randall Duk Kim, James Hong, Dan Fogler, and Michael Clarke Duncan. Set in a version of ancient China populated by anthropomorphic talking animals, the plot revolves around a bumbling panda named Po who aspires to be a kung fu master. When an evil kung fu warrior is foretold to escape from prison, Po is unwittingly named the chosen one destined to bring peace to the land, much to the chagrin of the resident kung fu warriors.[1]
The idea for the film was conceived by Michael Lachance, a DreamWorks Animation executive. The film was originally intended to be a parody, but director Stevenson decided instead to shoot an action comedy Wuxia film that incorporates the hero's journey narrative archetype for the lead character. The computer animation in the film was more complex than anything DreamWorks had done before. As with most DreamWorks animated films, Hans Zimmer (collaborating with John Powell this time) scored Kung Fu Panda. He visited China to absorb the culture and get to know the China National Symphony Orchestra as part of his preparation. A sequel, Kung Fu Panda 2, was released on May 26, 2011.
Kung Fu Panda premiered in the United States on June 6, 2008, and has since received very favorable reviews from critics and most of the movie-going public, including Chinese audiences who were impressed with the film's faithfulness to their culture. The film currently garners an 88% "Certified Fresh" approval rating from review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes. Kung Fu Panda opened in 4,114 theaters, grossing $20.3 million on its opening day and $60.2 million on its opening weekend, resulting in the number one position at the box office. The film became DreamWorks's biggest opening for a non-sequel film, the highest grossing animated film of the year worldwide, and also had the fourth-largest opening weekend for a DreamWorks animated film at the American and Canadian box office, behind Shrek 2, Shrek the Third, and Shrek Forever After.[2]
The story is set in the Valley of Peace, a fictional land in ancient China inhabited by anthropomorphic animals. Po, a clumsy panda, is a kung fu fanatic who idolizes the Furious Five—Tigress, Monkey, Mantis, Viper, and Crane—a quintet of kung fu masters trained by the red panda Master Shifu to protect the valley. Because he works in his goose[3] father Mr. Ping's noodle restaurant, Po has been unable to achieve his dream of becoming a kung fu master himself.
One day, Shifu's mentor, the old tortoise Oogway, has a vision that the evil snow leopard Tai Lung, will escape from prison and return to the Valley of Peace to take revenge for being denied the Dragon Scroll, which is said to hold the secret to limitless power. Shifu is greatly alarmed, and sends his messenger, Zeng, to prevent Tai Lung's escape. He then holds a kung fu tournament for the Furious Five so that Oogway may identify the legendary Dragon Warrior, the one kung fu master worthy of receiving the Dragon Scroll and capable of defeating Tai Lung. Forced to take a cumbersome noodle cart to the tournament, Po arrives after the doors to the arena close and is unable to enter. Desperate to see the Dragon Warrior be chosen, Po straps himself to a set of fireworks and rockets into the sky. Po crashes into the middle of the arena at the moment when Oogway is to point out the Dragon Warrior. To the surprise of everyone present, Oogway chooses Po.
Unwilling to believe that a "big, fat panda" could be the Dragon Warrior, Shifu tries to dispatch Po by ridiculing him into quitting his training with the Furious Five, who similarly despise and mock Po for his lack of skill in kung fu. However, after receiving helpful advice from Oogway, Po endures his grueling training and slowly begins to endear himself to the Five with his tenacity, culinary skill, and good humor. It is only then that Po discovers who Tai Lung really is. He is Shifu's adoptive son, who Shifu loved very dearly. However, after Oogway refused him the Dragon Scroll he turned on the valley and his masters, and Shifu was left extremely embittered and now treats The Five, including Tigress, his foster daughter, distantly and harshly so that history won't repeat itself.
Meanwhile, Tai Lung escapes from prison as foreseen by Oogway, ironically picking his locks with a feather from Zeng. Shifu learns of Tai Lung's escape and informs Oogway, who extracts a promise from Shifu to train Po and then ascends to heaven in a cloud of peach blossoms. Still unable to grasp the basics of kung fu and confessing a crippling self-loathing, Po despairs that he has no chance of defeating Tai Lung. Shifu, however, discovers that Po is capable of impressive physical feats when motivated by food. Using food as positive reinforcement, Shifu successfully trains Po to incorporate these feats into a makeshift yet effective kung fu style.
At the same time, the Furious Five set out to stop Tai Lung themselves, only to be overwhelmed and defeated by Tai Lung's nerve strikes. Shifu decides that Po is ready to receive the Dragon Scroll, but the scroll reveals nothing but a blank, reflective surface. In despair, Shifu orders Po and the Five to evacuate the valley while he delays Tai Lung as long as possible in a fight to the death. Distraught, The Five and Po follow Shifu's direction, even though they know he won't come out alive.
Po finds his father who, in an attempt to console him, reveals that the long-withheld secret ingredient to his famous "secret ingredient soup" is nothing, explaining that things become special if people believe them to be. Realizing that this concept is the entire point of the Dragon Scroll, Po returns to confront Tai Lung, who has reached the palace and gravely injured Shifu, very nearly killing him. Po proves to be a formidable challenge for Tai Lung as he tries to protect the Dragon Scroll, especially as Po's fat renders Tai Lung's nerve strikes useless, and Po's unorthodox style is deeply confusing to his traditionally-trained enemy. Though the Dragon Scroll eventually falls into Tai Lung's hands, he is unable to understand or accept its symbolic meaning, and Po ultimately defeats him using the secret Wuxi Finger Hold.
Po is praised by the Valley of Peace and earns the respect of the Furious Five, who fully acknowledge him as a true kung fu master. Shifu, exhausted but alive after his fight with Tai Lung, finally attains inner peace, now that peace has returned to the valley, and that his mistake has finally been corrected.
- Jack Black as Po, the protagonist. He is an energetic yet immature, accident-prone, obese giant panda. He is also a die-hard fan of the Furious Five and kung fu, as well as being the son of Mr. Ping, in whose noodle shop they are co-workers. In the end, he becomes the Dragon Warrior after defeating Tai Lung; thus he joins the Furious Five who accept him as a true kung fu master.
- Dustin Hoffman as Master Shifu, an old red panda, who is Po and the Five's sifu.
- Angelina Jolie as Tigress. She is a beautiful tiger with an extremely short temper and the leader of the Furious Five. She is Shifu's foster daughter.
- Ian McShane as Tai Lung, the primary antagonist of the film. He is a muscular snow leopard, who was denied the Dragon Scroll by Grand Master Oogway because of the true darkness in his heart. After rampaging the Valley of Peace for being denied the scroll, Tai Lung was defeated by Master Oogway and sent to Chorh-Gom Prison for 20 years, after which he escaped and returned for revenge. He is the former adoptive son of Shifu.
- Jackie Chan as Monkey. He is a Gee's golden langur and a member of the Furious Five.
- David Cross as Crane. He is a Red-crowned Crane and another member of the Furious Five.
- Seth Rogen as Mantis. He is a Chinese mantis and another member of the Furious Five.
- Lucy Liu as Viper. She is a Green Tree Viper and another member of the Furious Five.
- Randall Duk Kim as Grand Master Oogway, Shifu's mentor. He is a Galápagos tortoise.
- James Hong as Mr. Ping, Po's father. He is a happy-go-lucky Chinese goose who runs a noodle restaurant along with his son, who doesn't want to follow his fathers footsteps.
- Dan Fogler as Zeng, a Chinese goose who is Shifu's messenger.
- Michael Clarke Duncan as Commander Vachir, a Javan rhinoceros and the leader of the rhino guards of Chor-Gom Prison.
"...we love martial arts movies. I wasn't interested in making fun of them, because I really think martial arts movies can be great films, they can be as good as any genre movie when they're done properly […]
Let's try to make it a real martial arts movie albeit one with a comic character and let's take our action seriously. Let's not give anything up to the big summer movies. Let's really make sure that our kung fu is as cool as any kung fu ever done, so that we can take our place in that canon and make sure it's a beautiful movie, because great martial arts movies are really beautiful-looking movies and then let's see if we can imbue it with real heart and emotion."
—co-director John Stevenson on the comedic approach to the martial arts film.
[5]
Publicized work on the film began before October 2004.[6] In September 2005, DreamWorks Animation announced the film alongside Jack Black, who was selected to be the main voice star.[7] In November 2005, DreamWorks Animation announced that Dustin Hoffman, Jackie Chan, Lucy Liu and Ian McShane would join Jack Black in the cast.[8]
The idea for the film was conceived by Michael Lachance, a DreamWorks Animation executive.[9] Initially, the idea was to make it a spoof, but co-director John Stevenson was not particularly keen on it so instead chose the direction of a character based wuxia comedy.[5] Reportedly inspired by Stephen Chow's 2004 martial arts action comedy, Kung Fu Hustle,[10] the co-directors wanted to make sure the film also had an authentic Chinese and kung fu feel to it. Production designer Raymond Zibach and art director Tang Heng spent years researching Chinese painting, sculpture, architecture and kung fu films to help create the look of the film.[11] Zibach said some of the biggest influences for him are the more artful martial arts films such as Hero, House of Flying Daggers and Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon.[11] Stevenson's aim for the film, which took four years to make, was to make "the best looking film DreamWorks has ever made".
"We've had some productions that were stressful, but this one ran very smoothly and DreamWorks is [sic] this production as a template on how they would like future productions to run. We lucked out, and there really was a sense of harmony on the animation. Even the production people. We all seemed like we were on the same page, believing in the film. That doesn’t happen very often. I tell animators, you will be working on dumpers for most of your career, but every once in a while you get a gem. Kung Fu Panda was a gem."
—Dan Wagner, Head of Character Animation.
[12]
The hand-drawn animation sequence at the beginning of the film was made to resemble Chinese shadow puppetry.[13] The opening, which was directed by Jennifer Yuh Nelson and produced by James Baxter, was praised by The New York Times reviewer Manohla Dargis as "striking" and "visually different from most mainstream American animations".[14] Other reviewers have compared the opening to the evocative style of Genndy Tartakovsky's Samurai Jack.[15][16] The rest of the film is modern computer animation, which uses bright, offbeat colors to evoke the natural landscape of China.[13] The end credit sequence also features hand-drawn characters and still paintings in the background.[13]
The computer animation used throughout the film was more complex than anything DreamWorks had done before. When the head of production handed the script to VFX Supervisor Markus Manninen, she reportedly laughed and wished him "good luck". "When we started talking," said Manninen, "the movie was still a high concept. But for everyone that looked at it, it screamed complexity. We launched off saying, how can you make this movie tangible? How can you find smart ways to bring this world to life in a way that makes it a great movie and not feel like the complexity becomes the driver of the story, but the story and the emotion being the driver?"[17] In preparation, the animators took a six hour kung fu class.[18]
Producer Melissa Cobb said that originally Po was "more of a jerk," but that the character changed after they heard Jack Black.[18] According to Jack Black, he mostly worked "in isolation", although he and Dustin Hoffman did spend a day together, which Cobb said helped with the scene where their characters face off.[18] Lucy Liu said that the film "was quite different because it was such a long process."[19] Liu said that when she was presented with the project they already had artwork of her character as well as a "short computerized video version of what she would look like when she moved."[19]
The film held its worldwide premiere at the 61st Cannes Film Festival on May 15, 2008,[20] where it received massive and sustained applause at the end of the film's screening.[21] Kung Fu Panda later had national premieres in the US on June 1, 2008 at Grauman's Chinese Theatre in Hollywood, Los Angeles, California,[22] and on June 26, 2008 at Leicester Square in London, for the UK.[23]
Kung Fu Panda was released on DVD and Blu-ray on November 9, 2008,[24] and on 3D Blu-ray on December 6, 2011 as a Best Buy exclusive.[25] The DVD double pack release of Kung Fu Panda also includes a short animated film Secrets of the Furious Five.[24] With 7,486,642 DVD units sold in 2008, Kung Fu Panda was the fourth highest-selling film and the first highest-selling animated film of 2008, right before WALL-E, which sold 7,413,548 units.[26]
Kung Fu Panda has received positive reviews from critics. Rotten Tomatoes reported that 88% of 164 critics gave the film a positive review. The film has an approval rating of 76% from a select group of critics and an approval rating of 83% from users of the site.[27] Metacritic reported the film had an average score of 73 out of 100, based on 33 reviews.[28]
Richard Corliss of Time Magazine gave Kung Fu Panda a positive review, stating the picture "provides a master course in cunning visual art and ultra-satisfying entertainment".[29] The New York Times said, "At once fuzzy-wuzzy and industrial strength, the tacky-sounding Kung Fu Panda is high concept with a heart," and the review called the film "consistently diverting" and "visually arresting".[14] Chris Barsanti of Filmcritic.com commented, "Blazing across the screen with eye-popping, sublime artwork, Kung Fu Panda sets itself apart from the modern domestic animation trend with its sheer beauty [...] the film enters instant classic status as some of the most gorgeous animation Hollywood has produced since the golden age of Disney."[30] Michael Phillips of the Chicago Tribune called the film "one of the few comedies of 2008 in any style or genre that knows what it’s doing".[31] However, Tom Charity of CNN criticized the action for "[tending] to blur into a whirlwind of slapstick chaos" and considered the character of Po similar to others played by Black.[32] Peter Howell of The Toronto Star awarded the film two and a half stars, considering it to have a "lack of story" that "frequently manages to amuse, if not entirely to delight".[33]
The film topped the box office in its opening weekend, grossing $60,239,130 for a $14,642 average from 4,114 theaters[34] and performing much better than analysts had been expecting.[35] It also was the highest-grossing opening for a non-sequel DreamWorks Animation film at the time.[35] In its second weekend, the film retreated 44% to second place behind The Incredible Hulk grossing $33,612,594 for a $8,127 average from expanding to 4,136 theaters.[36] It closed on October 9, 2008 after 125 days of release, grossing $215,434,591 in the United States and Canada and $416,309,969 overseas for a worldwide total of $631,744,560.[37] Kung Fu Panda was the highest-grossing non-Shrek film from DreamWorks Animation in the United States and Canada, before being surpassed by How to Train Your Dragon in 2010.[38]
Kung Fu Panda was also well-received in China.[39] It made nearly 110 million Chinese Yuan by July 2, 2008, becoming the first animated film to make more than 100 million Yuan in Chinese box offices.[40][41] The Chinese director Lu Chuan commented, "From a production standpoint, the movie is nearly perfect. Its American creators showed a very sincere attitude about Chinese culture."[42][43] With the film's success at the Chinese box office, some people within China have questioned the quality of China's domestic animations. The fact that such a successful film based on Chinese culture was created by the American film industry has led to some Chinese introspection.[44][45][46]
Kung Fu Panda had been nominated for the Academy Award for Best Animated Feature[47] and the Golden Globe Award for Best Animated Feature Film.[48] But both awards were won by Pixar's WALL-E instead. This was parodied by Jack Black at the 81st Academy Awards, saying "Each year, I do one DreamWorks project, then I take all the money to the Oscars and bet it on Pixar."[49]
By contrast, Kung Fu Panda won 11 Annie Awards (including Best Picture) out of 16 nominations, albeit amid controversy.[50]
As with most DreamWorks animated movies, composer Hans Zimmer scored Kung Fu Panda. Zimmer visited China in order to absorb the culture and got to know the Chinese National Symphony as part of his preparation; in addition, Timbaland also contributed to the soundtrack.[51] The soundtrack also includes a partially rewritten version of the classic song, "Kung Fu Fighting", performed by Cee-Lo Green and Jack Black for the end credits. Furthermore, in some versions, the ending credit was sung by Rain. Although Zimmer was originally announced as the main composer of the film, during a test screening, CEO of DreamWorks Animation SKG Jeffrey Katzenberg announced that composer John Powell would also be contributing to the score. This marked the first collaboration in eight years for the two, who had previously worked together on DreamWorks' The Road to El Dorado and the action thriller Chill Factor. A soundtrack album was released by Interscope Records on June 3, 2008.[52]
|
| 1. |
"Hero" |
4:42 |
| 2. |
"Let The Tournament Begin" |
1:59 |
| 3. |
"The Dragon Warrior Is Among Us" |
2:57 |
| 4. |
"Tai Lung Escapes" |
7:06 |
| 5. |
"Peach Tree Of Wisdom" |
1:53 |
| 6. |
"Accu-flashback" |
4:05 |
| 7. |
"Impersonating Shifu" |
2:18 |
| 8. |
"The Sacred Pool Of Tears" |
9:51 |
| 9. |
"Training Po" |
1:28 |
| 10. |
"The Bridge" |
3:23 |
| 11. |
"Shifu Faces Tai Lung" |
4:47 |
| 12. |
"The Dragon Scroll" |
2:31 |
| 13. |
"Po vs. Tai Lung" |
2:41 |
| 14. |
"Dragon Warrior Rises" |
3:22 |
| 15. |
"Panda Po" |
2:39 |
| 16. |
"Oogway Ascends" |
2:04 |
| 17. |
"Kung Fu Fighting" (Performed by Cee-Lo Green and Jack Black) |
2:30 |
| 18. |
"Kung Fu Fighting (East Asian Edition only)" (Performed by Rain) |
3:27 |
| 19. |
"Kung Fu Fighting (East Asian Edition only)" (Performed by Sam Concepcion) |
2:20 |
| 20. |
"Kung Fu Fighting (Russian Edition only)" (Performed by Mumiy Troll) |
2:33 |
A sequel, Kung Fu Panda 2, was released on Thursday May 26, 2011,[53] to good reviews (Rotten Tomatoes rating of 83%). It was released in 3-D and was directed by Jennifer Yuh Nelson (who directed the 2-D opening sequence of the first film) with the original cast returning. The story features a new villain with a mysterious weapon so powerful it threatens the very existence of kung fu, and Po must additionally confront his past.
A manga based on the film has been released in Japan in Kerokero Ace magazine's September 2008 issue.[54] It is written by Hanten Okuma and illustrated by Takafumi Adachi.[55] In the manga, a new character named Jun is introduced.
A television series titled Kung Fu Panda: Legends of Awesomeness is airing on Nickelodeon since its premiere on November 7, 2011.[56] From the cast of Kung Fu Panda, only Lucy Liu and James Hong are reprising their roles of Master Viper and Mr. Ping.[57] In the series, Po continues to defend the Valley of Piece from all kinds of villains, while making mistakes, learning about the history of Kung Fu, and meeting other Kung Fu masters.
The Kung Fu Panda Holiday Special was aired on NBC Wednesday, November 24, 2010.[58]
A video game adaptation of the film was developed and published by Activision on June 3, 2008.[59] The game follows the same basic plot as the film, but with Tai Lung portrayed as the leader of various gangs that surround the Valley of Peace, which Po, who possesses some basic martial art skills which can be upgraded as the game progresses, must defeat. The game was released on Microsoft Windows, as well as multiple consoles. However the Windows version has been discontinued. The game received mostly positive reviews; it scored a Metacritic rating of 76% from critics[60] and a 7.5 out of 10 from IGN.[61] In 2009, it won the International Animated Film Society's Annie Award for Best Animated Video Game, "in recognition of creative excellence in the art of animation."[62]
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- ^ Lee, Min (July 3, 2008). "Kung Fu Panda reaches Chinese box office milestone". USA Today. http://www.usatoday.com/life/movies/news/2008-07-03-kungfupanda_N.htm. Retrieved July 28, 2008.
- ^ Bernstein, Richard (July 20, 2008). "The Panda That Roared". New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/2008/07/20/weekinreview/20bernstein.html. Retrieved July 23, 2008.
- ^ Fan, Maureen (July 12, 2008). "Kung Fu Panda Hits A Sore Spot in China". Washington Post. http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2008/07/11/AR2008071103281.html. Retrieved July 23, 2008.
- ^ Watts, Jonathan (July 8, 2008). "Kung Fu Panda: "The director has really got in touch with what China is today"". Guardian (London). http://www.guardian.co.uk/film/audio/2008/jul/08/kungfu.panda.film. Retrieved August 30, 2008.
- ^ "14 cartoons seek 3 Oscar berths". Reuters. November 11, 2008. http://www.reuters.com/article/entertainmentNews/idUSTRE4AA0YC20081111. Retrieved NOvember 16, 2008.
- ^ King, Susan (December 11, 2008). "Golden Globes nominations unveiled". Los Angeles Times. http://theenvelope.latimes.com/entertainment/env-et-golden-globes-noms-2008dec11,0,898168.story?page=2. Retrieved December 11, 2008.
- ^ Corliss, Richard (April 5, 2010). "Dreaming Up How to Train Your Dragon". Time. http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,1975321,00.html. Retrieved May 30, 2011.
- ^ O'Neil, Tom (January 31, 2009). "Kung Fu Panda dropkicks Wall-E at Annie Awards". Los Angeles Times. http://goldderby.latimes.com/awards_goldderby/2009/01/kung-fu-panda-d.html. Retrieved July 12, 2009.
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- ^ "Megahit Martial Arts Panda is Back as Nickelodeon and Dreamworks Animation Premiere Kung Fu Panda: Legends of Awesomeness, New CG-Animated Series, Monday, Nov. 7, at 5:30 P.M. (ET/PT)". PR Newswire. October 25, 2011. http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/megahit-martial-arts-panda-is-back-as-nickelodeon-and-dreamworks-animation-premiere-kung-fu-panda--legends-of-awesomeness-new-cg-animated-series-monday-nov-7-at-530-pm-etpt-132549638.html. Retrieved October 26, 2011.
- ^ NBC and DreamWorks Animation Bring One of a Kind Animated Programming to Audiences at Home For the Holidays with New Original Specials Scared Shrekless and Kung Fu Panda Holiday Special, NBC via The Futon Critic, September 9, 2010 Retrieved 26 September 26, 2010
- ^ "Kung Fu Panda Video Game Demo Now Available on Xbox Live Marketplace". GameSpy. May 1, 2008. http://xbox360.gamespy.com/xbox-360/luxoflux-next-gen-project/870948p1.html. Retrieved March 27, 2012.
- ^ "Kung Fu Panda". Metacritic. http://www.metacritic.com/games/platforms/xbox360/kungfupanda. Retrieved September 1, 2008.
- ^ Brudvig, Erik (June 9, 2008). "Kung Fu Panda Review". IGN. http://xbox360.ign.com/articles/880/880257p1.html. Retrieved September 1, 2008.
- ^ "Kung Fu Panda dominates the Annie Awards". The Annie Awards. January 30, 2009. http://www.annieawards.org/. Retrieved February 5, 2009.
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