This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (April 2009)

Henkel AG & Co. KGaA

Type	Kommanditgesellschaft auf Aktien with Aktiengesellschaft as partner with unlimited liability
Traded as	FWB: HEN, HEN3
Industry	Personal care
Founded	1876
Headquarters	Düsseldorf, Germany
Key people	Kasper Rorsted (CEO and Chairman of the executive board), Simone Bagel-Trah (Chairman of the supervisory board)
Products	laundry and cleaning products, adhesives and sealants (brands...)
Revenue	€15.09 billion (2010)[1]
Operating income	€1.723 billion (2010)[1]
Profit	€1.118 billion (2010)[1]
Total assets	€17.53 billion (end 2010)[1]
Total equity	€7.950 billion (end 2010)[1]
Employees	48,140 (average, 2010)[1]
Subsidiaries	Dial Corporation
Website	www.henkel.com

Henkel AG & Co. KGaA is a multinational personal care company headquartered in Düsseldorf, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.

The company operates in three business areas: Home Care (with household cleaning products such as laundry detergent and dishwashing liquid), Personal Care (with beauty and oral care products such as shampoo, toothpaste, hair colorants and shower products like Dial Soap and Right Guard), and Adhesives, Sealants & Surface Treatment for consumer and industrial purposes.

With presence in 125 countries on five continents, Henkel engages in the majority of its business within Europe and North America.

Brands[link]

It controls leading brands like:

• Persil^[1] washing powder, Spee washing powder, Vernel/Silan fabric softener, Somat/Glist dishwasher tablets, Pril washing-up liquid,
• Schwarzkopf haircare (Cosmetics company Hans Schwarzkopf GmbH was acquired by Henkel in 1985. After the integration in 1987 the business sectors brand-name products were assigned to Schwarzkopf & Henkel Cosmetics GmbH, Düsseldorf, and hair salon products to Hans Schwarzkopf GmbH & Co KG (Schwarzkopf Professional), Hamburg, respectively), Schauma shampoo, Fa shower gel and deodorant, Diadermine skin and body care, Dial shower and hand soap and Persil abaya shampoo
• Loctite and UniBond adhesives and sealants, Pritt glue sticks, Polyseamseal caulk, and Plastic Padding chemicals,^[2]

Historically, Henkel's most famous brand is Persil, the first commercial laundry detergent. Before Persil, laundry soaps consisted of either soap flakes or actual bars of soap.

History[link]

The company was founded in 1876 in Aachen as Henkel & Cie ^[3] by Fritz Henkel (a 28 year-old merchant who was interested in science) and two more partners. They marketed his first product, "Universalwaschmittel", a universal detergent based on silicate.

In 1878, to take advantage of the better transport links and sales opportunities, Henkel relocated his company to Düsseldorf on the Rhine (its present site). Düsseldorf was the gateway to the Ruhr region, which became the most important industrial area of the German Empire from the 19th century onward. That year, the first German brand-name detergent appeared: Henkel's Bleich-Soda [Bleaching Soda], an affordably-priced product supplied in sturdy paper bags. Made from water-glass and soda, it was the result of Fritz Henkel's own research. The soda was obtained from Matthes & Weber in Duisburg (Henkel bought this company in 1917 and sold it in 1994).

In 1879 Fritz Henkel was entered as the sole owner in the register of companies. Sales of Henkel's Bleaching Soda increased so rapidly that within just one year the rented factory on the Schützenstraße in Düsseldorf was unable to meet the demand. Fritz Henkel decided to build his own factory with a railway link.

In 1883 to improve liquidity and make better use of the Company's travelling sales staff, Fritz Henkel decided to sell merchandise in addition to his detergents. Sales started in 1884. The range included the colorant ultramarine [laundry bluing agent], gloss starch, a liquid cleaning agent, a pomade for cleaning, beef extract, and a hair pomade. Very soon Henkel developed its international presence—in 1886, Henkel opened its first international sales office in Austria. Carl Pathe had gone to Vienna as a representative the year before. In 1893 Henkel established its first business links with England and Italy.

Henkel mural in Berlin, 1951

In 1903, Schwarzkopf founded by Hans Schwarzkopf (1874–1921) launched a powder shampoo. Persil came in 1907 as the first “self-acting laundry detergent”.

Henkel has been a family-run business since the beginning. In 1893, Fritz Henkel, Jr. (1875–1930) joined the firm as an apprentice. After receiving commercial training he became his father's right-hand man in commercial matters. He put Henkel's brand-name product business on a sound footing, developed its already successful advertising still further and was responsible for the Company's field service. On July 25, 1904, he became a partner in Henkel, which was transformed into a general commercial partnership. By this time, 110 people were employed at the Holthausen site. On April 25, 1905 Dr. Hugo Henkel (1881–1952), the youngest son of Fritz Henkel, Sr., joined the Company as a chemist. He was in charge of Chemical Products and Technology. Over the years, he laid the foundations of systematic research and introduced advanced technologies and new raw materials. In 1908, he became a personally liable partner in the Company.

In 1912 total production in Düsseldorf-Holthausen rose to 49,890 tons. At 19,750 tons, Persil laundry detergent accounted for 40 percent of this, just five years after its market launch. The number of employees increased by 89 relative to the previous year, resulting in a total workforce of 1,024. Around half were female. A first-aid center was set up in the plant and a full-time nurse was employed. In the previous year Henkel had installed ball fields and play areas to encourage exercise during break times. Female employees could attend the plant's own housekeeping school during the lunch break.

On January 11, 1923, troops from France and Belgium occupied the Rhineland. The occupation made delivery of adhesives from suppliers used for the packaging of Persil unreliable. The disruption caused Henkel to internally manufacture adhesives for its own needs. Henkel found there was a demand for adhesives on the market, and on June 22, 1923, the first adhesive shipment left the plant.^[4]

During World War II, foreign civilians and prisoners of war were working for the company. Henkel was part of a large-scale restitution settlement.

Henkel U.S. headquarters Scottsdale, Arizona

On April 16, 1945 American troops occupied Henkel's Düsseldorf site. On June 5, the British military command in Düsseldorf took over from the Americans. From July 20, the British military government gradually granted permission for the production of adhesives, P3 and water-glass by Henkel, and for soaps and detergents as well as shoe polish by Thompson. In February, 1946, Matthes & Weber in Duisburg was given permission to process available raw materials into soda. On September 20, 1945, five members of the Henkel family and another seven members of the Management Board and the Supervisory Board were interned.

In 1949 the launch of Schauma shampoo by Schwarzkopf marked the start of the most successful German shampoos.

In 1954, Henkel-subsidiary Dreiring launched Fa soap, a new type of toilet soap. From 1970 onward it was joined by a series of Fa deodorants, shower gels and bubble baths, making Fa one of the best known umbrella brands in the toiletry sector.

Pritt, the world's first glue stick, made its debut in 1969. Over the years, other products were introduced under this brand, underlining Henkel's importance in the office and stationery supplies sector. Exports of Pritt began in the same year, eventually making this Henkel's most widespread global brand. Vernel fabric softener and enzyme-based bioactive Persil 70 appeared.

Henkel building in Düsseldorf.

Starting in the 1960s, Henkel has combined organic growth with strategic company acquisitions:

• in 1960 by acquiring Standard Chemical Products, Inc. (known as Henkel Inc from 1971), Henkel entered the USA chemical products market.
• In 1962 Henkel acquired Sichel-Werke AG, Hannover, its main German competitor in the adhesives sector.
• In 1974 Henkel acquired shares in The Clorox Company, USA, to facilitate the production and sale of certain products developed by Henkel for household and bulk consumers (sold in 2004).
• In 1983 Henkel acquired the AOK facial care range from the company von Heyden GmbH and thus strengthened its position in the cosmetics retail trade.
• In 1984 Teroson of Heidelberg (in existence since 1898) was acquired and integrated into Henkel's Adhesives and Surface Technologies business sectors.
• Later it purchased Loctite in 1987.
• Cosmetics company Hans Schwarzkopf GmbH was acquired by Henkel in 1985
• The purchase of The Dial Corporation in 2004 was the biggest acquisition in the history of the company until then: This renowned U.S. personal care and household cleaning products company gave Henkel a strong foothold on the North American market.
• 2004 Henkel also acquired the American cosmetics company Advanced Research Laboratories (ARL), that has developed and marketed hair cosmetics.
• In April 2008 Henkel has taken over from AkzoNobel the Adhesives and Electronic Materials businesses previously owned by National Starch. In 2007, these two business segments of National Starch generated sales of £1.25 billion (about €1.83 billion). The purchase price was £2.7 billion (about €3.7 billion).

On May 5, 2011 Jyothy Laboratories bought 50.97% stake in Henkel India. It has offered to buy 20% more in Henkel India through a compulsory open offer mandated by SEBI norms^[5][6]

Henkel Art.Award[link]

In 2002 Henkel CEE^[7] launched the Henkel Art Award — a prize for art in 30 countries in Central Eastern Europe and Central Asia. In addition to the monetary prize and presentation of the works of art in Vienna, an exhibition is also organized for the winner in his or her homeland.

Competitors[link]

Henkel's main competitors in its cleaning division are Unilever, Procter & Gamble and Reckitt Benckiser. In its beauty division, its main competitors are Unilever, Procter and Gamble and L'Oréal. In its chemical and adhesive division, it has many competitors, but the main multinational competitors are Bostik and H. B. Fuller.

Note[link]

1. ^ In an agreement with Unilever, the Persil brand is only used by Henkel in mainland Europe (with the exception of France), while Unilever only uses the brand in the UK, Ireland, Oceania and other markets.

See also[link]

Companies portal

• Cognis

References[link]

External links[link]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Henkel AG

• Official website

v t e DAX companies of Germany Adidas Allianz BASF Bayer Beiersdorf BMW Commerzbank Daimler Deutsche Bank Deutsche Börse Deutsche Post Deutsche Telekom E.ON Fresenius Fresenius Medical Care HeidelbergCement Henkel Infineon Technologies K+S Linde Lufthansa MAN Merck METRO Munich Re RWE SAP Siemens ThyssenKrupp Volkswagen

Sahra Wagenknecht
Member of the Bundestag
Incumbent
Assumed office 27th September 2009
Constituency	North Rhine-Westphalia
Vice-President of Die Linke
Incumbent
Assumed office 15th May 2010
Personal details
Born	July 16, 1969 Jena, Thuringia
Nationality	German
Political party	Die Linke
Domestic partner	Oskar Lafontaine (2011-)

Sahra Wagenknecht (born July 16, 1969 in Jena, Thuringia) is a German politician. She is a Member of the Bundestag, author, and a member of the National Committee of the Left Party. Since May 2010 she is deputy chairperson of Die Linke.

Early life[link]

Wagenknecht was born on July 16, 1969, in the East German city of Jena.^[1] Her mother worked for a state-run art distributor. Her father, whom she never met, was Iranian. She was cared for primarily by her grandparents until 1976, when she and her mother moved to East Berlin. While in Berlin, she became a member of the Free German Youth (FDJ). She completed her Abitur exams in 1988 and joined the Socialist Unity Party (SED) in early 1989.^[2][3]

From 1990 until 1996 she studied Philosophy and New German Literature in Jena, Berlin and Groningen. Her final thesis covered the topic of the young Karl Marx's interpretation of Hegel. The dissertation was published as a book in 1997.^[2][3]

Political career[link]

After the fall of the Berlin Wall and the transformation of the SED into the Party of Democratic Socialism (PDS), Wagenknecht was elected to the new party's National Committee in 1991. She also joined the PDS's Communist Platform, an orthodox Marxist faction.^[3]

In the 1998 German federal election, Wagenknecht ran as the PDS candidate in a district of Dortmund, garnering 3.25 percent. Following the 1999 European elections, she was elected as a PDS representative to the European Parliament. Among her duties in the parliament is serving on the Committee on Economic and Monetary Affairs and Delegation, as well as the Euro-Latin American Parliamentary Assembly.^[3][4]

Following the merger of the PDS and the WASG that formed the Left Party, Wagenknecht considered campaigning for the position of party vice-chair. However, party leaders such as Lothar Bisky and Gregor Gysi objected to the idea (primarily because of her perceived sympathies for the former German Democratic Republic). Following the controversy, she announced that she would not run for the post. Wagenknecht successfully contested a seat in the 2009 federal election in North Rhine-Westphalia.^[5] Being in the Bundestag she became the left party's spokesperson for economic politics. On May 15 she was at last elected vice-president of the left party (75,3%).

Positions[link]

Wagenknecht has argued that the Left Party must pursue radical and anticapitalist goals, thereby remaining distinct from the more moderate Social Democratic Party (SPD) and Green Party. She has criticized the Left Party's participation in coalition governments, especially the Berlin state government, which has made cuts to social spending and privatized some services.^[6]

She has expressed strong support for the rise of left-wing leaders in Latin America, such as Hugo Chávez.^[7] She serves as a spokesperson for the Venezuela Avanza solidarity network, and she is an alternate on the European Parliament's delegation for relations with Mercosur.^[4]

Personal life[link]

Wagenknecht married businessman Ralph-Thomas Niemeyer in May 1997.^[8] However, on 12 November 2011 Oskar Lafontaine stated publicly that he and Wagenknecht had become "close friends" (eng befreundet),^[9] both being by now separated from their respective spouses.^[10][11]

References[link]

External links[link]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Sahra Wagenknecht

• (German) Official website
• (English) Official website
• (English) European Parliament profile
• (German) Left Party profile
• (German) Video of Wagenknecht at 2008 Left Party Congress at YouTube

Andrea Henkel
Andrea Henkel at the Biathlon World Championships in Ruhpolding 2012
Personal information
Full name	Andrea Henkel
Born	(1977-12-10) December 10, 1977 (age 34) Ilmenau, East Germany
Height	1.58 m (5 ft 2 in)
World Cup
Seasons	1998-
Wins	18
Additional podiums	24
Total podiums	42
Updated on January 24, 2010.

Medal record
Women's biathlon
Competitor for  Germany
Winter Olympics
Gold	2002 Salt Lake City	15 km individual
Gold	2002 Salt Lake City	4×7.5 km relay
Silver	2006 Torino	4×6 km relay
Bronze	2010 Vancouver	4×6 km relay
World Championships
Gold	2012 Ruhpolding	4 x 6 km Relay
Gold	2011 Khanty-Mansiysk	4×6 km relay
Gold	2008 Östersund	10 km pursuit
Gold	2008 Östersund	7.5 km sprint
Gold	2008 Östersund	4×6 km relay
Gold	2007 Antholz-Anterselva	12.5 km mass start
Gold	2007 Antholz-Anterselva	4×6 km relay
Gold	2005 Hochfilzen	15 km individual
Silver	2011 Khanty-Mansiysk	Mixed relay
Silver	2009 Pyeongchang	4×6 km relay
Silver	2005 Hochfilzen	4×6 km relay
Silver	2001 Pokljuka	4×7.5 km relay
Silver	2000 Oslo	4×7.5 km relay
Bronze	2009 Pyeongchang	mixed relay
Bronze	2012 Ruhpolding	Mixed relay

Andrea Henkel (born December 10, 1977 in Ilmenau, Thuringia) is a German biathlete and the younger sister of Manuela Henkel, a successful cross-country skier. She trains at SV Großbreitenbach. Andrea Henkel started out as a cross-country skier but later specialised in biathlon when women's biathlon became an Olympic sport.^[1]

Since the 1998/99 season, she is a regular member of the German team in the Biathlon World Cup. After several top-ten results, she could win her first World Cup event in 1999, her second year. She was most successful in the 2006/07 season, which she finished first in the overall standings.

Henkel has won four Olympic medals: one gold medal at the 2002 Winter Olympics in the 15 km individual, and a gold (2002), silver (2006) and bronze (2010)medal in relay competitions. She is also the first biathlete to become world champion in each individual event: 2005 in the 15 km individual, 2007 in the 12.5 km mass start, and 2008 in the 7.5 km sprint and subsequent 10 km pursuit.^[2] She has won a total of six gold, four silver and one bronze medal at world championships.

Other Achievements[link]

• Biathlon Overall World Cup
  • 1x overall winner (2006–07)
  • 4x best German athlete in the Overall World Cup (5th in 199-00 and 2000–01; 1st in 2006-07; 2nd in 2010-11)

• Biathlon discipline World Cup
  • 1x Individual discipline World Cup winner (2006–07)

• race victories in Biathlon World Cup¹
  • 4x Individual victories
  • 5x Sprint victories
  • 7x Pursuit victories
  • 5x Mass Start victories
  • 14x Relay victories

(¹ race victories in Olympic Games and World Championships are included)

Personal Life[link]

Henkel is in a relationship with the American biathlete Tim Burke. ^[3][4]

References[link]

External links[link]

• Official website of Andrea Henkel

Awards
Preceded by  Kati Wilhelm (GER)	Women's Biathlon World Cup 2007	Succeeded by  Magdalena Neuner (GER)