Hotel

Wednesday, 17 July 2013

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Eagles - Hotel California

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Hotel California - The Eagles [Subtitulado]

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This article is about lodging. For other uses, see Hotel (disambiguation).

"Hotel room" redirects here. For the 1993 HBO television series, see Hotel Room.

Not to be confused with Hostel.

See also: Motel

The historic Plaza Hotel in New York City, New York

The Hilton San Diego Bayfront, San Diego, United States

Atrium Lobby of the Shanghai Grand Hyatt, Shanghai, China

Lobby of the Burj al Arab in Dubai, United Emirates

Savoy Hotel, London, England

A hotel is an establishment that provides lodging paid on a short-term basis. The provision of basic accommodation, in times past, consisting only of a room with a bed, a cupboard, a small table and a washstand has largely been replaced by rooms with modern facilities, including en-suite bathrooms and air conditioning or climate control. Additional common features found in hotel rooms are a telephone, an alarm clock, a television, a safe, a mini-bar with snack foods and drinks, and facilities for making tea and coffee. Luxury features include bathrobes and slippers, a pillow menu, twin-sink vanities, and jacuzzi bathtubs. Larger hotels may provide additional guest facilities such as a swimming pool, fitness center, business center, childcare, conference facilities and social function services

Hotel rooms are usually numbered (or named in some smaller hotels and B&Bs) to allow guests to identify their room. Some hotels offer meals as part of a room and board arrangement. In the United Kingdom, a hotel is required by law to serve food and drinks to all guests within certain stated hours. In Japan, capsule hotels provide a minimized amount of room space and shared facilities.

Contents

1 Etymology

2 Types

3 Management

4 Specialty hotels

4.1 Historic Inns and boutique hotels

4.2 Resort hotels

4.3 Other specialty hotels

5 Unique hotels

5.1 Treehouse hotels

5.2 Straw bale hotels

5.3 Bunker hotels

5.4 Cave hotels

5.5 Capsule hotels

5.6 Ice and snow hotels

5.7 Garden hotels

5.8 Underwater hotels

5.9 Railway hotels

6 Motels

7 World record setting hotels

7.1 Largest

7.2 Oldest

7.3 Tallest

8 Hotel rooms as an investment

9 Living in hotels

10 See also

10.1 Industry and careers

10.2 Human habitation types

11 References

12 Further reading

Etymology [link]

The word hotel is derived from the French hôtel (coming from hôte meaning host), which referred to a French version of a townhouse or any other building seeing frequent visitors, rather than a place offering accommodation. In contemporary French usage, hôtel now has the same meaning as the English term, and hôtel particulier is used for the old meaning. The French spelling, with the circumflex, was also used in English, but is now rare. The circumflex replaces the 's' found in the earlier hostel spelling, which over time took on a new, but closely related meaning. Grammatically, hotels usually take the definite article – hence "The Astoria Hotel" or simply "The Astoria."

Types [link]

Hotel operations vary in size, function, and cost. Most hotels and major hospitality companies that operate hotels have set widely accepted industry standards to classify hotel types. General categories include the following;

Conference and resort hotels often contain full-sized luxury facilities with full service accommodations and amenities.

Examples may include: Conrad Hotels, InterContinental Hotels, Ritz-Carlton, Four Seasons Hotels and Resorts, Dorchester Collection, JW Marriott Hotels, Starwood - Westin Hotels, Hilton, Marriott, Hotel Indigo, Doubletree, and Hyatt

Historic Inns and boutique hotels often contain luxury facilities of varying size in unique or intimate settings with full service accommodations.

Examples may include: Conrad Hotels, InterContinental Hotels, Ritz-Carlton, Four Seasons Hotels and Resorts, Dorchester Collection, JW Marriott Hotels, Starwood - Westin Hotels, Hilton, Marriott, Hotel Indigo, Doubletree, and Hyatt

Select Service

Examples may include: Holiday Inn, Courtyard by Marriott and Hilton Garden Inn

Limited Service

Examples may include: Hampton Inn, aloft, Holiday Inn Express, Fairfield Inn, Four Points by Sheraton, Days Inn, and La Quinta Inns & Suites

Extended Stay

Examples may include: Staybridge Suites, Homewood Suites by Hilton, Residence Inn by Marriott, element, and Extended Stay Hotels

Timeshare

Examples may include: Holiday Inn Club Vacations, Marriott Vacation Club International, Westgate Resorts, Starwood Vacation Ownership, and Disney Vacation Club

Destination Club

Management [link]

Under construction Grand Inna Muara hotel in Padang, West Sumatra, Indonesia

Main article: Hotel management

Hotel management is a significant career. Larger hotels may operate with an extensive management structure consisting of a General Manager which serves as the head executive, department heads that oversee various departments, middle managers, administrative staff, and line-level supervisors. Degree programs such as hospitality management studies, a business degree, and/or certification programs prepare hotel managers for industry practice.

Specialty hotels [link]

Historic Inns and boutique hotels [link]

Hotel Astoria and a statue of Tsar Nicholas I of Russia in front, in Saint Petersburg, Russia

Boutique hotels are typically hotels with a unique environment or intimate setting. Some hotels have gained their renown through tradition, by hosting significant events or persons, such as Schloss Cecilienhof in Potsdam, Germany, which derives its fame from the Potsdam Conference of the World War II allies Winston Churchill, Harry Truman and Joseph Stalin in 1945. The Taj Mahal Palace & Tower in Mumbai is one of India's most famous and historic hotels because of its association with the Indian independence movement. Some establishments have given name to a particular meal or beverage, as is the case with the Waldorf Astoria in New York City, United States where the Waldorf Salad was first created or the Hotel Sacher in Vienna, Austria, home of the Sachertorte. Others have achieved fame by association with dishes or cocktails created on their premises, such as the Hotel de Paris where the crêpe Suzette was invented or the Raffles Hotel in Singapore, where the Singapore Sling cocktail was devised.

Hôtel Ritz in Paris, France

Chicago's Magnificent Mile has hosted many skyscraper hotels such as the Allerton Hotel

A number of hotels have entered the public consciousness through popular culture, such as the Ritz Hotel in London, through its association with Irving Berlin's song, 'Puttin' on the Ritz'. The Algonquin Hotel in New York City is famed as the meeting place of the literary group, the Algonquin Round Table, and Hotel Chelsea, also in New York City, has been the subject of a number of songs and the scene of the stabbing of Nancy Spungen (allegedly by her boyfriend Sid Vicious).

Resort hotels [link]

The Atlantis Paradise Island resort in Paradise Island, Bahamas

Some hotels are built specifically to create a captive trade, example at casinos and holiday resorts. Though of course hotels have always been built in popular destinations, the defining characteristic of a resort hotel is that it exists purely to serve another attraction, the two having the same owners.

On the Las Vegas Strip there is a tradition of one-upmanship with luxurious and extravagant hotels in a concentrated area known. This trend now has extended to other resorts worldwide, but the concentration in Las Vegas is still the world's highest: nineteen of the world's twenty-five largest hotels by room count are on the Strip, with a total of over 67,000 rooms.^[1]

In Europe Center Parcs might be considered a chain of resort hotels, since the sites are largely man-made (though set in natural surroundings such as country parks) with captive trade, whereas holiday camps such as Butlins and Pontin's are probably not considered as resort hotels, since they are set at traditional holiday destinations which existed before the camps.

Other specialty hotels [link]

RMS Queen Mary, Long Beach, California, United States

The Library Hotel in New York City, is unique in that each of its ten floors is assigned one category from the Dewey Decimal System.

The Burj al-Arab hotel in Dubai, United Arab Emirates, built on an artificial island, is structured in the shape of a boat's sail.

The Jailhotel Löwengraben in Lucerne, Switzerland is a converted prison now used as a hotel.

The Luxor, a hotel and casino on the Las Vegas Strip in Paradise, Nevada, United States is unusual due to its pyramidal structure.

The Liberty Hotel in Boston, used to be the Charles Street Jail.

Built in Scotland and completed in 1936, The former ocean liner RMS Queen Mary in Long Beach, California, United States uses its first-class staterooms as a hotel, after retiring in 1967 from Transatlantic service.

There are several hotels throughout the world built into converted airliners.

Unique hotels [link]

Treehouse hotels [link]

Some hotels are built with living trees as structural elements, for example the Treehotel near Piteå, Sweden, the Costa Rica Tree House in the Gandoca-Manzanillo Wildlife Refuge, Costa Rica; the Treetops Hotel in Aberdare National Park, Kenya; the Ariau Towers near Manaus, Brazil, on the Rio Negro in the Amazon; and Bayram's Tree Houses in Olympos, Turkey.

Straw bale hotels [link]

In Nax Mont-Noble, a little ski resort situated on 1300 metres in the Swiss Alps, construction for the Maya Guesthouse started in October 2011. It will be the first hotel in Europe built entirely with straw bales. Due to the insulation values of the walls it will need no heating^[2]

Bunker hotels [link]

The Null Stern Hotel in Teufen, Appenzellerland, Switzerland and the Concrete Mushrooms in Albania^[3] are former nuclear bunkers transformed into hotels.

Cave hotels [link]

The Cuevas Pedro Antonio de Alarcón (named after the author) in Guadix, Spain, as well as several hotels in Cappadocia, Turkey, are notable for being built into natural cave formations, some with rooms underground. The Desert Cave Hotel in Coober Pedy, South Australia is built into the remains of an opal mine.

Capsule hotels [link]

Interior of a capsule hotel in Osaka, Japan

Capsule hotels are a type of economical hotel that are found in Japan, where people sleep in stacks of rectangular containers.

Ice and snow hotels [link]

Main article: Ice hotel

The Ice Hotel in Jukkasjärvi, Sweden, and the Hotel de Glace in Duschenay, Canada, melt every spring and are rebuilt each winter; the Mammut Snow Hotel in Finland is located within the walls of the Kemi snow castle; and the Lainio Snow Hotel is part of a snow village near Ylläs, Finland.

Garden hotels [link]

Garden hotels, famous for their gardens before they became hotels, include Gravetye Manor, the home of garden designer William Robinson, and Cliveden, designed by Charles Barry with a rose garden by Geoffrey Jellicoe.

Underwater hotels [link]

Some hotels have accommodation underwater, such as Utter Inn in Lake Mälaren, Sweden. Hydropolis, project cancelled 2004 in Dubai, would have had suites on the bottom of the Persian Gulf, and Jules' Undersea Lodge in Key Largo, Florida requires scuba diving to access its rooms.

Railway hotels [link]

Frequently, expanding railway companies built grand hotels at their termini, such as the Midland Hotel, Manchester next to the former Manchester Central Station and in London the ones above St Pancras railway station and Charing Cross railway station also in London is the Chiltern Court Hotel above Baker Street tube station and Canada's grand railway hotels. They are or were mostly, but not exclusively, used by those travelling by rail.

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Railway hotels

Motels [link]

Main article: Motel

A motel (motor hotel) is a hotel which is for a short stay, usually for a night, for motorists on long journeys. It has direct access from the room to the vehicle (for example a central parking lot around which the buildings are set), and is built conveniently close to major roads and intersections.

World record setting hotels [link]

Historical Hotel Savoy in Florence

Largest [link]

In 2006, Guinness World Records listed the First World Hotel in Genting Highlands, Malaysia, as the world's largest hotel with a total of 6,118 rooms.^[4] The Izmailovo Hotel in Moscow has the most rooms, with 7,500, followed by the Venetian Palazzo Complex in Las Vegas (7,117 rooms) and MGM Grand Las Vegas (6,852 rooms).

see also List of largest hotels in the world

Oldest [link]

According to the Guinness Book of World Records, the oldest hotel in operation is the Hoshi Ryokan, in the Awazu Onsen area of Komatsu, Japan, which opened in the year 718.^[5]

Tallest [link]

The Ritz-Carlton Hong Kong is claimed to be the world's highest hotel.^[6] It is located in the top floors of Hong Kong's tallest building, the 488 meter tall International Commerce Centre.

Hotel rooms as an investment [link]

Some hotels sell individual rooms to investors. Timeshare is an example of this kind of investment. The buyer is allowed to stay in the room without charge or at a reduced rate for a given number of days each year. The investor is paid a share of the takings for the room. Rooms can be sold on a leasehold basis, sometimes on a 999-year lease. Room owners are free to sell at any time.^[7]

Living in hotels [link]

A number of public figures have notably chosen to take up semi-permanent or permanent residence in hotels.

Fashion designer Coco Chanel lived in the Hotel Ritz Paris on and off for more than 30 years.

Inventor Nikola Tesla lived the last ten years of his life at the New Yorker Hotel until he died in his room in 1943.

Larry Fine (of the Three Stooges) and his family lived in hotels, due to his extravagant spending habits and his wife's dislike for housekeeping. They first lived in the President Hotel in Atlantic City, New Jersey, where his daughter Phyllis was raised, then the Knickerbocker Hotel in Hollywood. Not until the late 1940s did Larry buy a home in the Los Feliz area of Los Angeles.

General Douglas McArthur lived his last 14 years in the penthouse of the Waldorf Towers, a part of the Waldorf-Astoria Hotel.

Millionaire Howard Hughes lived in hotels during the last ten years of his life (1966-76), primarily in Las Vegas, as well as Acapulco, Beverly Hills, Boston, Freeport, London, Managua, Nassau, Vancouver, and others.

Vladimir Nabokov and his wife Vera lived in the Montreux Palace Hotel in Montreux, Switzerland (1961-his death in 1977).

Actor Richard Harris lived at the Savoy Hotel while in London. Hotel archivist Susan Scott recounts an anecdote that, when he was being taken out of the building on a stretcher shortly before his death in 2002, he raised his hand and told the diners "it was the food."^[8]

Egyptian actor Ahmed Zaki lived his last 15 years in Ramses Hilton Hotel – Cairo.

British entrepreneur Jack Lyons lived in the Hotel Mirador Kempinski in Switzerland for several years until his death in 2008.

American actress Elaine Stritch lived in the Savoy Hotel in London for over a decade.^[9]

See also [link]

List of hotels

Industry and careers [link]

Bellhop

Concierge

Front desk clerk, a type of clerk

General manager

Hospitality industry

Hotel chains

Hotel toilet-paper folding

Hotels

Innkeeper

Night auditor

Property caretaker

Revenue per available room (RevPAR)

Security guard

Tourism

Transient occupancy tax (Canada)

Human habitation types [link]

Apartment hotel

Bed and breakfast

Boutique hotel

Cruise ship

Eco hotel

Guest House

Homestay

Hospitality service

Hostal

Hostel

Human habitats

Inn

Motel

Serviced apartment

Vacation rental

References [link]

^ "The 25 Largest Hotels in the World". http://www.vegastodayandtomorrow.com/largesthotels.htm. Retrieved 18 April 2009.

^ "About the first straw bale hotel in europe". Pr-inside.com. 2011-08-01. http://www.pr-inside.com/the-first-straw-bale-hotel-will-r2744664.htm/article. Retrieved 2012-05-29.

^ [1]^{[dead link]}

^ Genting's First World Recognized As World's Largest Hotel, Bernama.com

^ Hoshi Ryokan website, accessed 22 June 2008. Ho-shi.co.jp. Retrieved on 2011-06-12.

^ "The Ritz-Carlton Hong Kong: The world's highest hotel opens". cnngo.com. 29March 2011. http://www.cnngo.com/hong-kong/visit/ritz-2-017129.

^ Sam Dunn; Judith Heywood (7 September 2007). "Overnight profit". The Times. http://property.timesonline.co.uk/tol/life_and_style/property/investment/article2399656.ece. Retrieved 04 November 2009.

^ ''Home Suite Home'' –. BBC News (2007-09-12). Retrieved on 2011-06-12.

^ "Elaine Stritch". Tcm.com. http://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/participant.jsp?spid=186009. Retrieved 2012-05-29.

Further reading [link]

Wikiversity has learning materials about Internet entrepreneur#Hotel Reservations

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Hotel

Lundberg, Donald E., The Hotel and Restaurant Business, Boston: Cahners Books, 1974. ISBN 0-8436-2044-7

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Oliver Hardy

File:Oliver hardy.png

Born Norvell Hardy
(1892-01-18)January 18, 1892
Harlem, Georgia

Died August 7, 1957(1957-08-07) (aged 65)
North Hollywood, California

Occupation Actor

Years active 1914-1955

Spouse Madelyn Saloshin
(m.1913-1921; divorced)
Myrtle Reeves
(m.1921-1937; divorced)
Virginia Lucille Jones
(m.1940-1957; his death)

Signature

Oliver Hardy (January 18, 1892 - August 7, 1957) was an American comic actor famous as one half of Laurel and Hardy, the classic double act that began in the era of silent films and lasted nearly 30 years, from 1927 to 1955.

Contents

1 Early life

2 Career

2.1 Early career

2.2 With Stan Laurel

3 Death

4 Legacy

5 Filmography

6 See also

7 References

8 External links

Early life [link]

Oliver Hardy was born Norvell Hardy in Harlem, Georgia. His father, Oliver, was a Confederate veteran wounded at the Battle of Antietam on September 17, 1862. After his demobilization as a recruiting officer for Company K, 16th Georgia Regiment, the elder Oliver Hardy assisted his father in running the vestiges of the family cotton plantation, bought a share in a retail business and was elected full-time Tax Collector for Columbia County. His mother, Emily Norvell, the daughter of Thomas Benjamin Norvell and Mary Freeman, was descended from Captain Hugh Norvell of Williamsburg, Virginia. Her family arrived in Virginia before 1635. Their marriage took place on March 12, 1890; it was the second marriage for the widow Emily, and the third for Oliver. He was of paternal English American descent and maternal Scottish American descent.

The family moved to Madison in 1891, before Norvell’s birth. Norvell’s mother owned a house in Harlem, which was either empty or tenanted by her mother. It is probable that Norvell was born in Harlem, though some sources say it was in his mother’s home town, Covington. His father died less than a year after his birth. Hardy was the youngest of five children. A traumatic moment in his life was the death of his brother Sam Hardy in a drowning accident in the Oconee River. Hardy pulled his brother from the river but was unable to resuscitate him.^[1] As a child, Hardy was sometimes difficult. He was sent to Georgia Military College in Milledgeville as a youngster. In the 1905/1906 school year, fall semester (September–January), when he was 13, Hardy was sent to Young Harris College in north Georgia. However, he was in the junior high component of that institution (the equivalent of high school today), not the two-year college which exists today.

He had little interest in education, although he acquired an early interest in music and theater, possibly from his mother’s tenants. He joined a theatrical group, and later ran away from a boarding school near Atlanta to sing with the group. His mother recognized his talent for singing, and sent him to Atlanta to study music and voice with singing teacher Adolf Dahm-Petersen, but Hardy skipped some of his lessons to sing in the Alcazar Theater, a cinema, for US$3.50 a week. He subsequently decided to go back to Milledgeville.

Sometime prior to 1910, Hardy began styling himself "Oliver Norvell Hardy", with the first name “Oliver” being added as a tribute to his father. He appeared as “Oliver N. Hardy” in the 1910 U.S. census,^{[N 1]} and in all subsequent legal records, marriage announcements, etc., Hardy used “Oliver” as his first name.

Hardy’s mother wanted him to attend the University of Georgia in the fall of 1912, to study law, but there is no evidence as to whether he did.

Career [link]

Early career [link]

In 1910, a movie theater opened in Hardy’s home town of Milledgeville, Georgia, and he became the projectionist, ticket taker, janitor and manager. He soon became obsessed with the new motion picture industry, and became convinced that he could do a better job than the actors he saw on the screen. A friend suggested that he move to Jacksonville, Florida, where some films were being made. In 1913, he did just that, where he worked as a cabaret and vaudeville singer at night, and at the Lubin Manufacturing Company during the day. It was at this time that he met and married his first wife, pianist Madelyn Saloshin.

The next year he made his first movie, Outwitting Dad, for the Lubin studio. He was billed as O. N. Hardy, taking his father’s name as a memorial. In his personal life, he was known as “Babe” Hardy, a nickname that he was given by an Italian barber, who would apply talcum powder to Oliver’s cheeks and say, “nice-a-bab-y.” In many of his later films at Lubin, he was billed as “Babe Hardy.” Hardy was a big man at six feet, one inch tall and weighed up to 300 pounds. His size placed limitations on the roles he could play. He was most often cast as “the heavy” or the villain. He also frequently had roles in comedy shorts, his size complementing the character.

Lobby card for The Lucky Dog (1921) Laurel sits as Hardy holds him down, with Jack Lloyd (right)

By 1915, he had made 50 short one-reeler films at Lubin. He later moved to New York and made films for the Pathé, Casino and Edison Studios. He then returned to Jacksonville and made films for the Vim Comedy Company, until that studio closed its doors after Hardy discovered the owners were stealing from the payroll.^[2] He then worked for the King Bee studio after they bought Vim. He worked with Charlie Chaplin imitator Billy West and comedic actress Ethel Burton Palmer during this time. (Hardy continued playing the “heavy” for West well into the early 1920s, often imitating Eric Campbell to West’s Chaplin.) In 1917, Oliver Hardy moved to Los Angeles, working freelance for several Hollywood studios. Later that year, he appeared in the movie The Lucky Dog, produced by G.M. (“Broncho Billy”) Anderson and starring a young British comedian named Stan Laurel.^[3] Oliver Hardy played the part of a robber, trying to stick up Stan’s character. They did not work together again for several years.

Between 1918 and 1923, Oliver Hardy made more than forty films for Vitagraph, mostly playing the “heavy” for Larry Semon. In 1919, he separated from his wife, ending with a divorce in 1920, allegedly due to Hardy’s infidelity. The very next year, on November 24, 1921, Hardy married again, to actress Myrtle Reeves. This marriage was also unhappy and Myrtle eventually became an alcoholic.^{[citation needed]}

In 1924, Hardy began working at Hal Roach Studios working with the Our Gang films and Charley Chase. In 1925, he starred as the Tin Man in the Wizard of Oz. Also that year he was in the film, Yes, Yes, Nanette!, starring Jimmy Finlayson, who in later years would be a recurring actor in the Laurel and Hardy film series. The film was directed by Stan Laurel.^[4] He also continued playing supporting roles in films featuring Clyde Cooke and Bobby Ray.

In 1926, Hardy was scheduled to appear in Get ’Em Young but was unexpectedly hospitalized after being burned by a hot leg of lamb. Laurel, who had been working as a gag man and director at Roach Studios, was recruited to fill in.^[5] Laurel kept appearing in front of the camera rather than behind it, and later that year appeared in the same movie as Hardy, 45 Minutes from Hollywood, although they didn’t share any scenes together.

With Stan Laurel [link]

Main article: Laurel and Hardy

In 1927, Laurel and Hardy began sharing screen time together in Slipping Wives, Duck Soup (no relation to the 1933 Marx Brothers’ film of the same name) and With Love and Hisses. Roach Studios’ supervising director Leo McCarey, realizing the audience reaction to the two, began intentionally teaming them together, leading to the start of a Laurel and Hardy series later that year. With this pairing, he created arguably the most famous double act in movie history. They began producing a huge body of short movies, including The Battle of the Century (1927) (with one of the largest pie fights ever filmed), Should Married Men Go Home? (1928), Two Tars (1928), Unaccustomed As We Are (1929, marking their transition to talking pictures) Berth Marks (1929), Blotto (1930), Brats (1930) (with Stan and Ollie portraying themselves, as well as their own sons, using oversized furniture sets for the ‘young’ Laurel and Hardy), Another Fine Mess (1930), Be Big! (1931), and many others. In 1929, they appeared in their first feature, in one of the revue sequences of Hollywood Revue of 1929 and the following year they appeared as the comic relief in a lavish all-color (in Technicolor) musical feature entitled The Rogue Song. This film marked their first appearance in color. In 1931, they made their first full length movie (in which they were the actual stars), Pardon Us although they continued to make features and shorts until 1935. The Music Box, a 1932 short, won them an Academy Award for best short film — their only such award.

In 1936, Hardy’s personal life suffered a blow as he and Myrtle divorced. While waiting for a contractual issue between Laurel and Hal Roach to be resolved, Hardy made Zenobia with Harry Langdon. Eventually, however, new contracts were agreed and the team was loaned out to producer Boris Morros at General Service Studios to make The Flying Deuces (1939). While on the lot, Hardy fell in love with Virginia Lucille Jones, a script girl, whom he married the next year. They enjoyed a happy, successful marriage until his death.

In the early 1940s, Laurel and Hardy made A Chump at Oxford (1940) (which features a moment of role reversal, with Oliver becoming a subordinate to a temporarily concussed Stan) and Saps at Sea (1940) before leaving Roach Studios. They began performing for the USO, supporting the Allied troops during World War II, and teamed up to make films for 20th Century Fox, and later MGM. Although they were financially better off, they had very little artistic control at the large studios, and hence the films lack the very qualities that had made Laurel and Hardy worldwide names. Their last Fox feature was The Bullfighters (1945), after which they declined to extend their contract with the studio.

In 1947, Laurel and Hardy went on a six week tour of the United Kingdom. Initially unsure of how they would be received, they were mobbed wherever they went. The tour was then lengthened to include engagements in Scandinavia, Belgium, France, as well as a Royal Command Performance for King George VI and Queen Elizabeth. Biographer John McCabe said they continued to make live appearances in the United Kingdom and France for the next several years, until 1954, often using new sketches and material that Laurel had written for them.

Oliver Hardy in The Fighting Kentuckian, 1949

In 1949, Hardy’s friend, John Wayne, asked him to play a supporting role in The Fighting Kentuckian. Hardy had previously worked with Wayne and John Ford in a charity production of the play What Price Glory? while Laurel began treatment for his diabetes a few years previously. Initially hesitant, Hardy accepted the role at the insistence of his comedy partner. Frank Capra later invited Hardy to play a cameo role in Riding High with Bing Crosby in 1950.

During 1950–51, Laurel and Hardy made their final film. Atoll K (also known as Utopia) was a simple concept; Laurel inherits an island, and the boys set out to sea, where they encounter a storm and discover a brand new island, rich in uranium, making them powerful and wealthy. However, it was produced by a consortium of European interests, with an international cast and crew that could not speak to each other.^[6] In addition, the script needed to be rewritten by Stan to make it fit the comedy team’s style, and both suffered serious physical illness during the filming.

In 1955, the pair had contracted with Hal Roach, Jr., to produce a series of TV shows based on the Mother Goose fables. They would be filmed in color for NBC.^{[citation needed]} However, this was never to be. Laurel suffered a stroke, which required a lengthy convalescence. Hardy had a heart attack and stroke later that year, from which he never physically recovered.

Death [link]

In May 1954, Hardy suffered a mild heart attack. During 1956, Hardy began looking after his health for the first time in his life. He lost more than 150 pounds in a few months which completely changed his appearance. Letters written by Stan Laurel, however, mention that Hardy had terminal cancer,^[7] which has caused some to suspect that this was the real reason for Hardy’s rapid weight loss. Hardy was a heavy smoker, as was Stan Laurel. Hal Roach made the statement they were a couple of "freight train smoke stacks".^{[citation needed]} ^[8] Hardy suffered a major stroke on September 14, which left him confined to bed and unable to speak for several months. He remained at home, in the care of his beloved Lucille. He suffered two more strokes in early August 1957, and slipped into a coma from which he never recovered. Oliver Hardy died on August 7, 1957, at the age of 65.^[9]^{[N 2]} His remains are located in the Masonic Garden of Valhalla Memorial Park Cemetery in North Hollywood. ^[10]

Stan Laurel was too ill to go to his film partner and friend's funeral. He stated, "Babe would understand."^{[citation needed]}

Legacy [link]

Statue of Stan Laurel and Oliver Hardy outside the Coronation Hall Theatre, Ulverston, Cumbria, England

Hardy’s star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame is located at 1500 Vine Street, Hollywood, California.

The Dick Van Dyke Show episode The Sam Pomerantz Scandals, Dick van Dyke's character, Rob Petrie, and Sam Pomerantz, one of Rob's old army buddies played by Henry Calvin do their own impression of a Laurel and Hardy sketch.

In 1999, merchandiser Larry Harmon produced the direct-to-video film The All New Adventures of Laurel and Hardy: For Love or Mummy starring Bronson Pinchot and Gailard Sartain as the comedy duo.

There is a small Laurel and Hardy Museum in Hardy's hometown of Harlem, Georgia, which opened on July 15, 2000. Every year, the first Saturday in October, Oliver Hardy is celebrated and remembered with the Oliver Hardy Festival in this town.

Laurel and Hardy are featured on the cover of The Beatles' album Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band.

Filmography [link]

For Oliver Hardy’s films without Stan Laurel, see: Filmography of Oliver Hardy

For his films with Laurel, see: Laurel and Hardy films

See also [link]

Laurel and Hardy music

References [link]

Notes

^ Actually, he was listed as "Oliver M. Hardy" (not "N"), an "electrician" at an "electric theater". He was also mistakenly listed as the "son" of Roy J. Baisden in his census listing.

^ Quote: "Oliver Hardy, the fat, always frustrated partner of the famous movie comedy team of Laurel and Hardy, died early today at the North Hollywood home of his mother-in-law, Mrs. Monnie L. Jones. Mr. Hardy, who was 65 years old, suffered a paralytic stroke last Sept. 12."

Citations

^ "This is Your Life", Episode December 1, 1954

^ "Creator: Bletcher, Billy, 1894-1979, Title, Dates: Billy Bletcher's Vim Southern Studio motion picture photographs, 1915-1917." State Archives of Florida Online Catalog. Retrieved: October 12, 2010.

^ "The Lucky Dog (1921)." imdb.com. Retrieved: March 20, 2010.

^ Louvish 2001, p. 182.

^ Evanier, Mark. "POV: Popint of View- Laurel and Hardy." povonline.com. Retrieved: March 20, 2010.

^ Aping, Norbert. The Final Film of Laurel and Hardy. Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland, 2008. ISBN 978-0-7864-3302-5.

^ "Rubber Stamp- 25406-1/2 Malibu Rd., Malibu, CA - Typewritten." Letters from Stan. Retrieved: July 24, 2011.

^ "The Stan Laurel Correspondence: 1957." lettersfromstan.com. Retrieved: March 20, 2010.

^ "Oliver Hardy of Film Team Dies. Co-Star of 200 Slapstick Movies. Portly Master of the Withering Look and 'Slow Burn'. Features Popular on TV." The New York Times, August 8, 1957. Retrieved: March 20, 2010.

^ "Oliver Hardy." FreeMasonry.bcy.ca. Retrieved: March 20, 2010.

Bibliography

Louvish, Simon. Stan and Ollie: The Roots of Comedy. London: Faber & Faber, 2001. ISBN 0-571-21590-4.

Marriot, A.J. Laurel & Hardy: The British Tours. Hitchen, Herts, UK: AJ Marriot, 1993. ISBN 0-9521308-0-7.

McCabe, John. Babe: The Life of Oliver Hardy. London: Robson Books Ltd., 2004. ISBN 1-86105-781-4.

External links [link]

Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to: Oliver Hardy

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Oliver Hardy

Oliver Hardy at the Internet Movie Database

The Laurel and Hardy Magazine Website

Official Laurel and Hardy Website

The Laurel and Hardy Forum

Oliver Hardy at Find a Grave

Free clip from Bouncing Baby (1916), made available for public use by the State Archives of Florida

Oliver Hardy's obituaries in the Los Angeles Times and Los Angeles Mirror-News

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Persondata

Name Hardy, Oliver

Alternative names Hardy, Norvell

Short description silent film comedian

Date of birth January 18, 1892

Place of birth Harlem, Georgia, United States

Date of death August 7, 1957

Place of death North Hollywood, Los Angeles, California, United States

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Kelly Cassidy

Member of the Illinois House of Representatives
from the 14th district

Incumbent

Assumed office
May 16, 2011

Preceded by Harry Osterman (D)

Personal details

Political party Democratic

Domestic partner Kelley Quinn

Residence Chicago, Illinois

Religion Jewish

Website Citizens for Kelly Cassidy
@RepKellyCassidy - Twitter
Kelly Cassidy - Facebook

Kelly Cassidy is an American politician from Chicago. She is a Democrat and a member of the Illinois House of Representatives. She was selected to represent the 14th district, on Chicago's North Side, in April 2011 following incumbent Harry Osterman's election to the Chicago City Council. She took office on May 16, 2011.^[1]

Contents

1 Early life and career

2 Legislative service

3 Personal

4 References

5 External links

Early life and career [link]

Cassidy went to Manatee High School in Bradenton, Florida. From 1991 to 1993, she worked as the legislative director for the Chicago chapter of the National Organization for Women. From 1993 to 1997, she worked for state senate president John Cullerton, running his district office.^[2] In 1997, Cassidy joined the Cook County state's attorney's office, initially as a legislative liaison. In 2001, she became the director of programs and development for the state's attorney's office, a post she held until her appointment to the legislature in 2011.

Legislative service [link]

Following state representative Harry Osterman's election as 48th ward alderman in February 2011, Cassidy was one of 23 candidates to seek appointment as his successor in the state house. The 14th district, which Osterman was vacating and Cassidy now represents, includes the neighborhoods of Edgewater, Andersonville, and Rogers Park.

Per Illinois law, the vacancy was filled by Democratic committeemen from the wards making up the district, their votes weighted to reflect the share of the district falling in each ward. Because more than half of the 14th district's voters live in Chicago's 48th ward, that ward's committeeman – former state senator Carol Ronen – cast more than half of the votes.^[3] On April 17, the committeemen unanimously selected Cassidy to fill the vacancy.

In the 2012 Democratic primary, Cassidy was challenged by Paula Basta, a lesbian and longtime North Side activist. On March 20, 2012, Cassidy won the Democratic primary with 6,040 votes (62.4% of the vote) to Basta's 3,636 votes (37.6%).^[4]

Personal [link]

Cassidy is openly lesbian; her partner is Kelley Quinn.^[5]^[6] She lives with her three sons in Andersonville. She is one of three openly LGBT members of the Illinois General Assembly, alongside Reps. Greg Harris and Deb Mell, both Chicago Democrats.

References [link]

^ "Kelly Cassidy becomes Illinois' third LGBT legislator". ChicagoPride.com. May 16, 2011. http://chicago.gopride.com/news/article.cfm/articleid/18821584.

^ "Clout St: Lesbian activist named to Far North Side House seat". Chicago Tribune. April 18, 2011. http://newsblogs.chicagotribune.com/clout_st/2011/04/states-attorney-administrator-named-to-far-north-side-house-seat.html.

^ "Front-runners emerge for state rep seat that may disappear soon". Crain's Chicago Business. April 8, 2011. http://www.chicagobusiness.com/section/blogs?blogID=greg-hinz&plckController=Blog&plckBlogPage=BlogViewPost&uid=1daca073-2eab-468e-9f19-ec177090a35c&plckPostId=Blog%3a1daca073-2eab-468e-9f19-ec177090a35cPost%3a7f0b9877-b4ea-4074-877b-53629df6e4ae&plckScript=blogScript&plckElementId=blogDest.

^ http://elections.chicagotribune.com/results/il-house/

^ "Lesbian activist Kelly Cassidy appointed to state legislature". Chicago Sun-Times. April 18, 2011. http://www.suntimes.com/news/politics/4884531-418/lesbian-activist-kelly-cassidy-appointed-to-state-legislature.html.

^ "The Other Gay Contenders". The Advocate. July 18, 2011. http://www.advocate.com/Politics/Election/The_Other_Gay_Contenders/.

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Persondata

Name Cassidy, Kelly

Alternative names

Short description American politician

Date of birth

Place of birth

Date of death

Place of death

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This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.

Selena Gomez

Gomez attending "The 6th Annual Hollywood Style Awards", Beverly Hills, CA on Oct. 10, 2009

Background information

Birth name Selena Marie Gomez

Born (1992-07-22) July 22, 1992 (age 19)
Grand Prairie, Texas, U.S.

Genres Pop, dance, pop rock^[1]

Occupations Actress, singer, Fashion Designer

Instruments Vocals, piano, guitar, drums

Years active 2002–present

Labels Hollywood

Associated acts Selena Gomez & the Scene, Demi Lovato, Taylor Swift

Website SelenaGomez.com

Selena Marie Gomez (born July 22, 1992)^[2] is an American actress and singer best known for portraying Alex Russo in the Emmy Award-winning Disney Channel television series Wizards of Waverly Place. She subsequently ventured into feature films and has starred in the television movies Another Cinderella Story, Wizards of Waverly Place: The Movie, and Princess Protection Program. She made her starring theatrical film debut in Ramona and Beezus.

Her career has expanded into the music industry; Gomez is the lead singer and founder of the pop band Selena Gomez & the Scene, which has released three RIAA Gold certified studio albums, Kiss & Tell, A Year Without Rain, and When the Sun Goes Down, spawned three RIAA Platinum certified singles, "Naturally", "Who Says" and "Love You Like a Love Song" and charted four No. 1 Billboard Hot Dance Club Songs.^[3] Gomez has also contributed to the soundtracks of Tinker Bell, Another Cinderella Story, Wizards of Waverly Place, and Shake It Up after signing a record deal with Hollywood Records.

In 2008, Gomez was designated a UNICEF Goodwill Ambassador.^[4]

Contents

1 Early life

2 Career

2.1 2002–06: Barney & Friends and early work

2.2 2007–09: Wizards of Waverly Place and Selena Gomez & The Scene

2.3 2010–2011:Theatrical film debut, A Year Without Rain and When The Sun Goes Down

2.4 2012–present: Focus on film

3 Other projects

3.1 Philanthropy

3.2 Entrepreneurship and sponsorships

4 Personal life and Image

4.1 Relationships

5 Filmography

5.1 Film

5.2 Television

6 Discography

6.1 Soundtrack albums

6.2 Singles

6.2.1 Featured singles

6.2.2 Other charted songs

6.3 Music videos

7 Tours

8 Rankings

9 Awards and nominations

10 References

11 External links

Early life [link]

Gomez was born in Grand Prairie, Texas.^[2] She is the daughter of former stage actress Amanda Dawn "Mandy" Teefey (née Cornett) and Ricardo Joel Gomez.^[5]^[6]^[7] Her father is of Mexican ancestry, and her mother is of part Italian descent.^[8]^[9] Regarding her Hispanic heritage, Gomez said: "My family does have Quinceañeras, and we go to the communion church. We do everything that's Catholic, but we don't really have anything traditional except [that we] go to the park and have barbecues on Sundays after church."^[10] Her birth parents divorced when she was five years old, and she was raised as an only child by her working mother.^[5]^[11] In 2006, Mandy remarried Brian Teefey.^[12] She was named after Tejano singer Selena, who died almost three years after Gomez was born.^[13] In a 2009 interview with People, Gomez mentioned that she developed an early interest in acting from watching her mother prepare for and act in theater productions.^[11] She earned a high school diploma through homeschooling in May 2010.^[14]

Career [link]

[edit] 2002–06: Barney & Friends and early work

Gomez began her acting career at age seven, playing Gianna on Barney & Friends.^[15] She later had minor roles in Spy Kids 3-D: Game Over and the TV film Walker, Texas Ranger: Trial By Fire. Gomez also starred in the television movie Brain Zapped. (Selena Gomez also found out that she wanted to be an actress because in E Special she states that "I would also watch my mom on stage do her lines".)

In 2004, Gomez was discovered by the Disney Channel in a USA-wide scouting.^[16] Gomez appeared as a guest star on The Suite Life of Zack & Cody and had a guest appearance – that later turned into a recurring role – on Hannah Montana from seasons two to three. Gomez previously taped two different pilots that were spin-offs to two previous Disney series.^[17] The first one, What's Stevie Thinking?, was the spin-off to Lizzie McGuire. Gomez played Stevie Sanchez, Miranda Sanchez's little sister. The other show was titled Arwin!, the spin-off to The Suite Life of Zack & Cody, in which she played Alexa. Neither series was picked up.

[edit] 2007–09: Wizards of Waverly Place and Selena Gomez & The Scene

Gomez on the studio set of Wizards of Waverly Place before filming an episode for the show's first season in April 2007

In early 2007 Gomez was cast in the Disney Channel series Wizards of Waverly Place as one of the three main characters, Alex Russo. The show premiered to an audience of 5.9 million, becoming a hit. Many news outlets began dubbing Gomez the next 'Miley Cyrus' causing some controversy and a reported 'feud'. Gomez clarified that there was no feud and that she was flattered by the comparison, saying: "It's a little overwhelming, but I think really, it's a compliment. She's obviously extremely successful, and I think she's a wonderful performer ... So being compared to her, I was very, very flattered."^[18] Gomez recorded four songs, one of which was a cover, for theWizards of Waverly Place soundtrack, only one single (Magic) from the album was released.

In 2008, Gomez recorded a cover of "Cruella de Vil"—which included a music video—for the compilation albumDisneyMania 6. Gomez also recorded "Fly to Your Heart" for the 2008 animated film Tinker Bell. In July 2008, before Gomez' sixteenth birthday, she signed a recording deal with Hollywood Records, a music label owned by Disney.^[19] In May, of the same year, Gomez was featured, with Forever the Sickest Kids, on a duet version of the non-album song "Whoa Oh!".^[20] The same year Gomez appeared in Another Cinderella Story, the direct-to-DVD sequel to the 2004 Hilary Duff film, opposite Drew Seeley. She also had a minor voiceover role as one the Mayor's ninety-six daughters in Horton Hears a Who! which released in March of that year. In April, Lacey Rose, of Forbes ranked Gomez as being fifth on their "Eight Hot Kid Stars To Watch" list; and Rose described Gomez as having been "a multitalented teen".^[21] Gomez recorded three songs for the movie's soundtrack.

In 2009, Gomez formed the teen pop band Selena Gomez & the Scene. Kiss & Tell, the band's debut studio album and was released on September 29, 2009 by Hollywood Records. On March 5, 2010, the album was certified Gold by RIAA.^[3] The album's single, "Naturally", was certified Platinum by the RIAA on July 15, 2010.^[3] In February 2009, Gomez signed on to star as one of the two female leads in Ramona and Beezus, a film adaption of the children's novel series by Beverly Cleary.^[22]^[23] Gomez stated that she felt no pressure in taking more adult roles: "I think I’m fully aware of my audience and I’m still just a kid myself. I wouldn’t do a role I don’t feel comfortable doing or that my audience wouldn’t feel comfortable seeing."^[24]

In June 2009, Gomez did a guest appearance as herself in one episode of best friend Demi Lovato's Disney Channel television show, Sonny with a Chance, entitled "Battle of The Network Stars". That same month Gomez appeared alongside Lovato in the made-for-television Disney Channel movie, Princess Protection Program.^[25] The telecast garnered 8.5 million viewers becoming, at the time, the third most watched Disney Channel Original Movie.^[26] One month later, Gomez, along with two cast members of Wizards of Waverly Place appeared in a television three-way cross-over episode with Hannah Montana and The Suite Life on Deck, entitled Wizards on Deck with Hannah Montana.

On August 28, 2009 two months after appearing in Princess Protection Program, Gomez starred in Wizards of Waverly Place: The Movie, a made-for-television film based on the show.^[27] The film premiered to an audience of 11.4 million viewers becoming cable's No. 1 scripted telecast of 2009 and Disney Channel's second most-viewed film premiere after High School Musical 2.^[28] In September 2009, Wizards of Waverly Place won "Outstanding Children's Program" at the 61st Primetime Emmy Awards.^[29] In 2010, the film adaptation won the series its second consecutive Emmy for "Outstanding Children's Program" at the 62nd Primetime Emmy Awards.^[29]

[edit] 2010–2011:Theatrical film debut, A Year Without Rain and When The Sun Goes Down

Gomez on location in Paris, France filming Monte Carlo in June 2010

Gomez's first theatrical film Ramona & Beezus premiered on July 23, 2010 and met with generally positive reviews.^[30] In March 2010, Variety reported that Gomez was set to star as one of the three lead roles in Monte Carlo, alongside Leighton Meester and Katie Cassidy.^[31] In the film Gomez plays Grace, a girl who’s “mistaken for a socialite while on a trip to Paris.”^[32] To prepare for the role Gomez learned how to play polo and also took two weeks of vocal training to learn two different British accents.^[33]^[34] The same year Gomez confirmed that the fourth season of her hit Disney Channel show, Wizards of Waverly Place, would be its last.

Gomez performing at the 2011 MuchMusic Video Awards.

On September 17, 2010 , Selena Gomez and The Scene released their second studio album, A Year Without Rain The record debuted on the Billboard 200 at number 4, selling 66,000 copies. On January 19, 2011, the album was certified Gold by RIAA.^[3] As of April 2011, the band has sold 1,354,000 albums in the United States.^[35] To support the album, the band embarked on the mini-tour A Year Without Rain Tour. In February 2011, Deadline.com reported that Universal Pictures and Strike Entertainment had acquired the novel Thirteen Reasons Why by Jay Asher with Gomez attached to the lead.^[36] That same month TV Guide reported that Gomez would make a cameo in the Muppets film.^[37] On March 23, 2011, Hollywood Records announced through a press release that Selena Gomez & The Scene would be embarking on their third concert tour in the United States, the We Own the Night Tour ran during the summer of 2011.^[38] Production for the final season of Wizards of Waverly Place came to a wrap on May 14, 2011.^[39] Gomez co-hosted the 2011 MuchMusic Video Awards on June 19.^[40] She also hosted the 2011 MTV EMAs on November 6, 2011, in Belfast, Northern Ireland, where she performed her band's single "Hit the Lights". Near the end of 2011, it was reported Gomez was in talks to star in two upcoming films. Deadline.com announced in October that Gomez would take part in the comedy Hot Mess.^[41]

In early November, Variety reported that Gomez was in talks to star in the upcoming film Spring Breakers alongside James Franco and Vanessa Hudgens.^[42] Gomez confirmed to MTV that she had signed on for the project and that production will begin in early 2012.^[43] On June 28, 2011, Selena Gomez & the scene released their third studio album, When the Sun Goes Down, previously titledOtherside,^[44] The album debuted at number 4 on the Billboard 200, selling 78,000 copies its first week and the following week, the album rose to number 3 on the Billboard chart, becoming the band's highest charting album to date.^[45]^[46] On November 17, 2011, the album was certified platinum.^[3] The album's lead single, "Who Says" was certified Platinum by RIAA on June 23, 2011 and has become the band's highest charting song on the Billboard Hot 100 to date, peaking at number 21.^[3]^[47] The second single, "Love You Like a Love Song", was certified Platinum by RIAA on December 2, 2011, and became the act's first to sell over two-million copies.^[3]^[48]

2012–present: Focus on film [link]

In January 2012, Gomez announced that she would put her music career on hold.^[49] This was later reaffirmed as Gomez wrote on her Facebook page that she was taking a break from music in order to focus on her acting career, "my band and I are going our separate ways for a while. This year is all about films and acting and I want my band to play music wherever with whoever. We will be back but, it will be a good while."^[50] In February 2012, Gomez announced that the band would be taking a hiatus, so that she could focus on film for the year. She encouraged her band mates to work with other artists during the hiatus.^[51] The same month, it was announced that Gomez will replace Miley Cyrus in the animated comedy Hotel Transylvania playing Mavis, the daughter of Dracula who will be voiced by Adam Sandler.^[52] As of March 2012, Gomez has been cast in four upcoming films; in which three of them she has been cast as a lead role. She will first appear in Hotel Transylvania, an animated film, voicing the character of Mavis, who was originally supposed to be voiced by Miley Cyrus, however Cyrus dropped out of the film in early 2012 in order to focus on her music career.^[53] The film is scheduled to be released on September 21, 2012.^[54] Next, Gomez will appear in Spring Breakers, which is currently being filmed on location in Sarasota, Florida. The film is being written and directed by Harmony Korine.^[55] Gomez has also been cast as the main role of Hannah Baker in the film adaptation of young-adult fiction novel, 13 Reasons Why. The novel was written by Jay Asher.^[56] She will also play the lead role in a film called Hot Mess, a comedy film directed by Dave Meyers.^[56] On April 7, 2012, Gomez posted a video for fans in which she revealed that she will be filming a new movie called "The Getaway" in Bulgaria. ^[57]

Other projects [link]

Philanthropy [link]

Selena Gomez performs at the KISS 108 Jingle Ball in December 2010

Gomez was involved in the UR Votes Count campaign which encouraged teenagers to learn more about 2008 presidential candidates Barack Obama and John McCain.^[58] In October 2008, Gomez participated in St. Jude's Children's Hospital "Runway For Life" benefit.^[59] Gomez is a spokesperson for Borden Milk; she is featured in the campaign's print and television ads.^[60] She is the ambassador of DoSomething.org after being involved with the charity Island Dog, which help dogs in Puerto Rico.^[61] She got involved while filming Wizards of Waverly Place: The Movie in Puerto Rico.^[62] Gomez is a spokesperson for State Farm Insurance, and is featured in their TV commercials; which air on the Disney Channel, to raise awareness of being a safe driver.^[63] Gomez is also involved with the charity RAISE Hope For Congo, an initiative of the Enough Project, which helps raise awareness about conflict minerals and violence against Congolese women.^[64]

In October 2008, Gomez was named UNICEF's spokesperson for the Trick-or-Treat for UNICEF campaign, which encouraged children to raise money on Halloween to help children around the world.^[4] She said that she was "extremely excited" to "encourage other kids to make a difference in the world."^[4]

In August 2009, a 17-year-old Gomez became the youngest UNICEF ambassador ever, passing fellow songstress Hayley Westenra, who was 18 when she was chosen. In her first official field mission, Gomez traveled to Ghana on September 4, 2009 for a week to witness first-hand the stark conditions of vulnerable children that lack vital necessities including clean water, nourishment, education and healthcare.^[65]^[66] Gomez explained during an interview with Associated Press that she wanted to use her star power to bring awareness to Ghana: “That’s why I feel very honored to have a voice that kids listen to and take into consideration [...] I had people on my tour asking me where IS Ghana, and they Googled it [...] and because I went there, they now know where Ghana is. So it’s pretty incredible.”^[66]^[67] Gomez said of her role as ambassador that: "Every day 25,000 children die from preventable causes. I stand with UNICEF in the belief that we can change that number from 25,000 to zero. I know we can achieve this because every moment, UNICEF is on the ground providing children with the lifesaving assistance needed to ensure zero becomes a reality."^[65]

Gomez was named spokesperson for UNICEF's 2009 Trick-or-Treat campaign, for the second year in a row.^[68] Gomez, who raised over $700,000 for the charity in 2008, stated that she hopes to be able to raise 1 million dollars in 2009.^[66] Gomez participated in a celebrity auction^[69] and hosted a live web cast series on Facebook in support of the Trick-or-Treat for UNICEF campaign.^[70] Gomez returned as the UNICEF spokesperson for the 60th anniversary of Trick-or-Treat for UNICEF campaign in 2010.^[71] In celebration of the 60th anniversary, Gomez and her band, The Scene, held a benefit concert donating all proceeds to the campaign.^[72]. On January 22nd 2010, Gomez participated in the Hope for Haiti Now Telethon with a number of other celebrities^[73].

In February 2011, Gomez traveled to Chile to witness and meet with the families of UNICEF's supported program, "Programa Puente" which helps families better understand and develops skills to deal effectively with early childhood education, development and other issues related to raising children. From her field trip experience, Gomez said "UNICEF is helping Chilean families get out of poverty, prevent violence within the home and promote education. To witness first hand these families' struggles, and also their hope and perseverance, was truly inspiring."^[74] In March 2011, Gomez participated in the UNICEF Tap Project's "Celebrity Tap Pack," limited-edition, custom-made water bottles featuring tap water from the homes of each celebrity advocate, in order to raise funds and increase profile for the clean water and sanitation programs.^[75] She is also featured in videos promoting the campaign.^[76]^[77]

Gomez is involved in Disney's Friends for Change, an organization which promotes "environmently-friendly behavior", and appears in its public service announcements.^[78] Gomez, Demi Lovato, Miley Cyrus, and the Jonas Brothers recorded "Send It On", a charity single with all of its proceeds to the Disney Worldwide Conservation Fund.^[79]^[80] It debuted on the Billboard Hot 100 at number 20.^[79] Also in 2009, Gomez made a surprise visit to a Los Angeles elementary school as part of the "A Day Made Better" program that was sponsored by OfficeMax. During her visit, Gomez gave the school an award and $1,000 worth of school supplies, and talked to students about the importance of giving back to the community.^[81]^[82]

Gomez is also the owner of six rescue dogs and describes herself as a "huge animal-lover".^[83]

In April 2012, Gomez was named ambassador to the Ryan Seacrest Foudation^[84].

Entrepreneurship and sponsorships [link]

Gomez was part of Sears back-to-school fashion ad campaign.^[85] As part of the campaign Gomez was featured in the television commercials. In August 2009, Gomez also hosted the "Sears Arrive Air Band Casting Call" – to select five people for the first-ever "Sears Air Band", which performed at the 2009 MTV Video Music Awards.^[86]

In October 2008, Gomez launched her own production company, July Moon Productions, and partnered with XYZ Films to create star vehicles for Gomez. As part of the agreement Gomez will have the opportunity to be able option articles, hire writers and create talent packages to shop to studios.^[87]^[88] Also, as part of the deal, "XYZ Films will allow Gomez to star in and produce at least two films.^[81] Variety reported that: "In August, XYZ [Films] inked a similar deal with Time Inc. and management-production company the Collective to finance the development of the print media giant's content for the bigscreen [...] As part of the July Moon-XYZ deal, [Selena] Gomez will have the ability to cherry-pick projects from the vast Time Inc. library, which includes Time, Sports Illustrated, Fortune and Life."^[88]

In October 2009, Gomez announced her plan to launch her own fashion line, called "Dream Out Loud by Selena Gomez". The clothing line launched in the fall of 2010.^[89]^[90] The collection consists of and features bohemian dresses, floral tops, jeans, skirts, jackets, scarves and hats, all made from recycled or eco-friendly materials.^[91]^[92] Gomez said that the line will reflect her own personal style and described the clothing as being "pretty, feminine, and bohemian," and: "With my line, I really want to give the customer options on how they can put their own looks together [...] I want the pieces that can be easy to dress up or down, and the fabrics being eco-friendly and organic is super important [...] Also, the tags will all have some of my inspirational quotes on them. I'm just looking to send a good message."^[89]^[92] Gomez, who has no background in fashion, teamed up with designers Tony Melillo and Sandra Campos, both who have worked with big-name fashion houses.^[90] Gomez said of the partnering: "When I met Tony and Sandra, I was instantly comfortable with them and now they are just like family to me ... They are so creative and I love how I can just call them up whenever and talk to them about everything, even if it's just about changing a button ... They've been so cool about everything."^[89]^[90]^[91]^[92] The brand will be manufactured by, Melillo and Campos teamed with New York-based Adjmi Apparel and formed by Adjmi CH Brands LLC; which is the holding company for the brand.^[93]

It was announced on July 14, 2011, that Gomez had signed a license agreement with Adrenalina, an extreme sports and adventure-themed lifestyle brand, to develop, manufacture, and distribute the actress' fragrance. It is expected to debut in May of 2012. Chairman and C.E.O. of Adrenalina, Ilia Lekach, said, "We are incredibly enthused to be working with Ms. Gomez and will reveal more details pertaining to the fragrance as we get closer to the launch date."^[94]

Personal life and Image [link]

With a solid fan and media following, Selena Gomez is considered a teen idol. She has appeared on several magazine covers, including People Magazine,^[95] Cosmopolitan,^[96] Billboard,^[97] TVGuide,^[98] Teen Vogue,^[99] Seventeen,^[100] Elle^[101].

Wax statues of Gomez are on display at Madame Tussauds wax museums in New York^[102], London^[103], Washington D.C^[104] and Hollywood.

Relationships [link]

Gomez has had several high-profile relationships. She had an on-off relationship with singer Nick Jonas of the Jonas Brothers from 2008 to 2010.^[105] In 2009, she met actor Taylor Lautner in Vancouver, while she was filming Ramona and Beezus and he was shooting New Moon^[106], and the two dated for almost a year. However the pressure of the media became too much for them and caused the two to break-up.^[107] On February 27 2011, Gomez attended the 2011 Vanity Fair Oscar Party with Canadian singer Justin Bieber,^[108] confirming several months of media speculation about a romantic relationship between the pair.^[109]^[110]^[111]^[112]^[113]^[114] The relationship has since continued to garner significant media attention.^[115]^[116]^[117]^[118]^[119]

Filmography [link]

Film [link]

Year Title Role Notes

2003 Spy Kids 3-D: Game Over Waterpark Girl

2005 Walker, Texas Ranger: Trial by Fire Julie

2008 Another Cinderella Story Mary Santiago Young Artist Award for Best Performance in a TV Movie
Teen Choice Award for Celebrity Dancer

Horton Hears a Who! Helga Nominated - Young Artist Award for Best Performance in a Voice-over Role

2009 Princess Protection Program Carter Mason Nominated - Young Artist Award for Best Performance in a TV Movie
Teen Choice Award for Summer TV Star (Female)

Wizards of Waverly Place: The Movie Alex Russo Nominated - Imagen Award for Best Television Actress

Arthur and the Vengeance of Maltazard Princess Selenia (Replaced Madonna)

2010 Arthur 3: The War of the Two Worlds Princess Selenia

Ramona and Beezus Beatrice "Beezus" Quimby Nominated - Teen Choice Award for Summer Movie Star (Female)

2011 Monte Carlo Grace Bennett/
Cordelia Winthrop Scott Nominated - ALMA Award for Favorite Movie Actress in a Musical/Comedy
Nominated - Teen Choice Award for Summer Movie Star (Female)

The Muppets Herself

2012 Hotel Transylvania Mavis

2013 Spring Breakers Faith

Aftershock TBA

The Getaway Kid

TBA Thirteen Reasons Why Hannah Baker

TBA Hot Mess TBA

TBA The Sky Is Everywhere Lennie Walker

Television [link]

Year Title Role Notes

2002–2003 Barney & Friends Gianna Recurring role

2006 Brain Zapped Emily Grace Garcia Unsold pilot^[120]

2006 The Suite Life of Zack & Cody Gwen "A Midsummer's Nightmare" (season 2: episode 22)

2007–2008 Hannah Montana Mikayla "I Want You to Want Me... to Go to Florida" (season 2: episode 13)
"That's What Friends Are For?" (season 2: episode 18)
"(We're So Sorry) Uncle Earl" (season 2: episode 22) (uncredited)

2007–2012 Wizards of Waverly Place Alex Russo Lead role

2008 Jonas Brothers: Living the Dream Herself (Season 1, episode 7)

2008 Studio DC: Almost Live Herself Second Show

2008 Disney Channel Games Herself Third annual

2009 The Suite Life on Deck Alex Russo "Double-Crossed" (season 1: episode 21)

2009 Hannah Montana Alex Russo "Super(stitious) Girl" (season 3: episode 19)

2009 Sonny with a Chance Herself "Battle of the Networks' Stars" (season 1: episode 13)

2011 So Random! Herself "Selena Gomez & the Scene" (season 1: episode 3)
Musical guest singing "Who Says"

2011 PrankStars Herself "Something to Chew On (Pilot)" (season 1: episode 1)

2012 Funny Or Die Woman "'Fifty Shades Of Blue'" Parody Video

Discography [link]

See also: Selena Gomez & the Scene discography

Albums

2009: Kiss & Tell

2010: A Year Without Rain

2011: When the Sun Goes Down

Soundtrack albums [link]

List of albums, with selected chart positions
Title Album details Peak chart positions

US
^[121] US OST
^[121] US Kids
^[121] NOR
^[122]

Another Cinderella Story

Released: August 26, 2008

Formats: CD, digital download

Label: Walt Disney Records

116 8 — —

Wizards of Waverly Place

Released: August 4, 2009

Formats: CD, digital download

Label: Walt Disney Records

24 4 2 27

"—" denotes items which were not released in that country or failed to chart.

Singles [link]

List of singles, with selected chart positions
Title Year Peak chart positions Album

US
^[123] CAN
^[123] NOR
^[124]

"Tell Me Something I Don't Know" 2008 58 — — Another Cinderella Story

"Magic" 2009 61 86 5 Wizards of Waverly Place

"Shake It Up" 2011 — — — Shake It Up: Break It Down

Featured singles [link]

List of singles, with selected chart positions
Title Year Peak chart positions Album

US
^[123]

"Whoa Oh!"
(Forever The Sickest Kids featuring Selena Gomez) 2009 — non-album song

"Send It On"
(among Disney's Friends for Change) 20 non-album song

Other charted songs [link]

List of singles, with selected chart positions
Title Year Peak chart positions Album

US
^[123]

"One and the Same"
(with Demi Lovato) 2009 82 Disney Channel Playlist

Music videos [link]

Song Year Album

"Burnin' Up" 2008 A Little Bit Longer; played Nick Jonas' love interest

"Cruella De Vil" 2008 Disneymania 6

"Fly to Your Heart" 2008 Tinker Bell

"Tell Me Something I Don't Know" 2008/2009 Kiss & Tell

"One and the Same" 2009 Princess Protection Program, Disney Channel Playlist

"Send It On" 2009 Send It On

"Falling Down" 2009 Kiss & Tell

"Naturally" 2009 Kiss & Tell

"Round and Round" 2010 A Year Without Rain

"A Year Without Rain" 2010 A Year Without Rain

"The Dance Routine" 2011 non-album, The Midnight Beast, cameo

"Who Says" 2011 When the Sun Goes Down

"Love You Like a Love Song" 2011 When the Sun Goes Down

"Hit the Lights" 2011 When the Sun Goes Down

"Hit the Lights" 2012 When the Sun Goes Down

Tours [link]

Year Tour Gross revenue

2009/2010 Live in Concert $85,102

2010/2011 A Year Without Rain Tour $634,667

2011/2012 We Own the Night Tour $5,754,314

Rankings [link]

Year Title Rank

2009 People Magazine's Most Beautiful Under 21^[125] No. 1

2010 Billboard's Hottest Music Stars Under 21^[126] No. 3

People Magazine's 50 Most Beautiful People^[127] Top 50

2011 Latina Magazine's 25 Most Beautiful Latino Stars Under 25^[128] No. 4

Latina Magazine's 15 Latinas We Love!^[129] No Specific Order

Paper Magazine's Most Beautiful People^[130] No Specific Order

Billboard's Hottest Music Stars Under 21^[126] No. 3

2012 AskMen's Top 99 Women^[131] No. 14

AskMen's Top 99 Women (UK)^[132] No. 33

People Magazine's Most Beautiful Look-alikes^[133] No. 3

FHM's 100 Sexiest Women in the World^[134] No. 75

Glamour Magazine's Best Dressed Women in the World (UK)^[135] No. 33

Maxim's Hot 100^[136] No. 24

Awards and nominations [link]

Main article: List of awards and nominations received by Selena Gomez

References [link]

^ "Selena Gomez | AllMusic". http://allmusic.com/artist/selena-gomez-p1063097. Retrieved 2012-04-06.

^ ^a ^b "Celebrity Central – Selena Gomez: Snapshot". People Magazine. http://www.people.com/people/selena_gomez. Retrieved 2009-01-30. "Birth Date July 22, 1992 Birth Place Grand Prairie, Texas"

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g "Riaa – Gold & Platinum". Riaa.com. http://www.riaa.com/goldandplatinumdata.php?resultpage=1&table=SEARCH_RESULTS&action=&title=&artist=selena%20gomez%20&format=&debutLP=&category=&sex=&releaseDate=&requestNo=&type=&level=&label=&company=&certificationDate=&awardDescription=&catalogNo=&aSex=&rec_id=&charField=&gold=&platinum=&multiPlat=&level2=&certDate=&album=&id=&after=on&before=on&startMonth=1&endMonth=8&startYear=2009&endYear=2011&sort=Artist&perPage=25. Retrieved 2011-07-07.

^ ^a ^b ^c "Selena Gomez Trick-Or-Treats For UNICEF". Looktothestars.org. 2008-10-09. http://www.looktothestars.org/news/1350-selena-gomez-trick-or-treats-for-unicef. Retrieved 2009-08-06.

^ ^a ^b Chuck Barney (2008-02-07). Selena Gomez could be next Disney 'it' girl. Oakland Tribune. Retrieved 2008-08-01.

^ Lauren Waterman (2009-05). Selena Gomez: spell bound Teen Vogue. Retrieved 2009-05-11.

^ Ancestry.com. Texas Birth Index, 1903–1997 [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2005. Original data: Texas Birth Index, 1903–1997. Texas: Texas Department of State Health Services. Microfiche.

^ "Selena Gomez and Jake T. Austin on being latin". Showbizcafe.com. http://www.showbizcafe.com/en/interviews/exclusive-selena-gomez-on-being-latin/1247. Retrieved 2011-07-04.

^ Lee Hernández (2008-03-22). Teen star Selena Gómez looks beyond Disney. NY Daily News. Retrieved 2008-08-01.

^ "Star Spotlight: Selena Gomez". Scholastic. 2008-09-26. http://www2.scholastic.com/browse/article.jsp?id=3750390. Retrieved 2010-06-20.

^ ^a ^b "All About Selena Gomez". People.com. 2009-08-22. http://www.people.com/people/archive/article/0,,20287091,00.html. Retrieved 2009-11-05.

^ Michelle Tan (2008-05). "Is Selena Gomez... the Next Miley Cyrus?". People.com. http://www.people.com/people/archive/article/0,,20203953,00.html. Retrieved 2009-11-05.

^ "Selena Gomez's Famous Name". E!Online.com. 2008-08-22. http://www.eonline.com/videos/v31013_Selena_Gomez__Famous_Name.html. Retrieved 2009-11-05.

^ Selena Gomez Graduates High School – On Screen & Off | Access Hollywood – Celebrity News, Photos & Videos. Access Hollywood (2010-05-12). Retrieved 2010-11-17.

^ Selena Gomez. "Selena Gomez Biography". People.com. http://www.people.com/people/selena_gomez/biography. Retrieved 2009-08-06.

^ "Disney Star Selena Gomez and General Growth Properties Give Teens a Voice in the 2008 Presidential Campaign". SmartBrief.com. 2008-08-04. http://www.smartbrief.com/news/aaaa/industryBW-detail.jsp?id=488E0DB0-5D3F-4DDB-A818-D7FFF639F61F. Retrieved 2008-11-02.

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^ "Billboard- :". Billboard. http://www.billboard.com/artist/ak-sent/652083#/column/chartbeat/ask-billboard-from-s-m-to-disney-acts-1005137762.story?page=3. Retrieved 2011-04-15.

^ MIKE FLEMING (2011-02-08). "Universal Acquires '13 Reasons Why' As Selena Gomez Vehicle". Deadline. http://www.deadline.com/2011/02/universal-acquires-13-reasons-why-as-selena-gomez-vehicle/. Retrieved 2011-02-08.

^ William Keck (2011-04-22). "Keck's Exclusives: Modern Family Gets in Tune". TVGuide.com. http://www.tvguide.com/News/Kecks-Exclusives-Modern-1029007.aspx. Retrieved 2011-02-08.

^ "Selena Gomez announces tour dates". United Press International. 23 March 2011. http://www.upi.com/Entertainment_News/Music/2011/03/23/Selena-Gomez-announces-tour-dates/UPI-31111300912037/. Retrieved 30 March 2011.

^ ANDREA BAILLIE (2011-05-20). "Gomez 'cries a lot' as 'Wizards' wraps up". Metronews.ca. http://www.metronews.ca/calgary/scene/article/861614--gomez-cries-a-lot-as-wizards-wraps-up--page1. Retrieved 2011-05-16.

^ Allison (2011-05-24). "Selena Gomez to co-host and perform at the 2011 MMVAs!". MMVA.MuchMusic.com. http://mmva.muchmusic.com/selena-gomez-to-co-host-and-perform-at-the-2011-mmvas/. Retrieved 2011-05-03.

^ MIKE FLEMING (2012-02-09). "Selena Gomez And Director Dave Meyers Teaming For Endgame's 'Hot Mess'". Deadline. http://www.deadline.com/2011/10/selena-gomez-and-director-dave-meyers-teaming-for-endgames-hot-mess/. Retrieved 2011-10-18.

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^ Cheung, Nadine (2011-05-18). "Selena Gomez Talks About 'Who Says' and Her Upcoming Tour (Video)". Just So You Know. Aol, Inc.. http://www.jsyk.com/2011/05/18/selena-gomez-interview/. Retrieved 2011-05-19.

^ Keith Caulfield (2011-07-14). "Beyonce Notches 4th Billboard 200 No. 1 with '4'". Billboard. Billboard.com. http://www.billboard.com/#/news/beyonce-notches-4th-billboard-200-no-1-with-1005264652.story. Retrieved 2011-07-06.

^ Keith Caulfield (2011-07-14). "Beyonce's '4' Stays Atop Billboard 200, Lloyd Snags Top Debut". Billboard. Billboard.com. http://www.billboard.com/#/news/beyonce-s-4-stays-atop-billboard-200-lloyd-1005272752.story. Retrieved 2011-07-13.

^ Grein, Paul. "Bad Teenage Dream". Yahoo Music. Copyright © 2011 Yahoo! Inc. All Rights Reserved. http://new.music.yahoo.com/blogs/chart_watch/74378/week-ending-june-22-2011-bad-teenage-dreams/. Retrieved 2011-06-22.

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^ Collins, Leah (2012-01-07). "Selena Gomez takes 'a break' from music". Vancouver Sun. http://www.vancouversun.com/entertainment/Selena+Gomez+takes+break+from+music/5962976/story.html. Retrieved 2012-02-12.

^ Kirby, Iona (2012-02-12). "'I can't believe it's actually over': 'Bawling' Selena Gomez announces split from her band The Scene". Daily Mail. http://www.dailymail.co.uk/tvshowbiz/article-2100019/Bawling-Selena-Gomez-announces-split-band-The-Scene.html. Retrieved 2012-02-12.

^ https://www.facebook.com/Selena/posts/10150554297540975

^ Marc Malkin and Brett Malec (2012-02-09). "Selena Gomez Replaces Miley Cyrus in Vampire Flick". Eonline.com. http://www.eonline.com/news/marc_malkin/selena_gomez_replaces_miley_cyrus_in/293049. Retrieved 2011-11-29.

^ "Selena Gomez Replaces Miley Cyrus in Vampire Flick - E! Online". Ca.eonline.com. 2012-02-09. http://ca.eonline.com/news/marc_malkin/selena_gomez_replaces_miley_cyrus_in/293077. Retrieved 2012-05-24.

^ Finke, Nikki. "Changing Release Dates: Sony Pics Sked". Deadline.com. http://www.deadline.com/2010/06/musical-release-dates-sony-pics-sked/. Retrieved 2012-05-24.

^ Tatangelo, Wade (2012-03-02). "Justin Bieber babe Selena Gomez shooting movie next week in Sarasota | Entertainment | Bradenton Herald". Bradenton.com. http://www.bradenton.com/2012/03/02/3912732/teen-queen-and-current-justin.html. Retrieved 2012-05-24.

^ ^a ^b Schwartz, Terri (2011-02-09). "Selena Gomez To Star In '13 Reasons Why' - Music, Celebrity, Artist News". MTV.com. http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1657538/selena-gomez-13-reasons-why.jhtml. Retrieved 2012-05-24.

^ 46 days ago by William Earl. "[VIDEO] Selena Gomez Reveals Her Sexy New Action Movie Role". Hollywoodlife.com. http://www.hollywoodlife.com/2012/04/08/selena-gomez-new-movie-role-the-getaway-video/. Retrieved 2012-05-24.

^ Dagostino, Mark (2008-10-27). "Selena Gomez: 'I'll be 30 Before I Get My License!'". People.com. http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,20235767,00.html. Retrieved 2009-08-06.

^ "Stars Hit The Catwalk For St. Judes". Looktothestars.org. 2008-10-14. http://www.looktothestars.org/news/1382-stars-hit-the-catwalk-for-st-judes. Retrieved 2009-08-06.

^ "Selena Gomez Borden Milk Ad". Sugarslam.com. 2009-05-26. http://www.sugarslam.com/selena-gomez-borden-milk-ad/. Retrieved 2009-08-06.

^ "Selena Gomez Cares For Dogs In Puerto Rico". popdirt.com. 2009-03-08. http://popdirt.com/selena-gomez-cares-for-dogs-in-puerto-rico/72217/. Retrieved 2009-08-06.

^ NBC Official Site (2009-06). "Late Night with Jimmy Fallon – Video Blogs – Tonight's Guest: Selena Gomez – Jimmy Fallon's Video Blog". LateNightWithJimmyFallon. http://www.latenightwithjimmyfallon.com/blogs/2009/06/tonights-guest-selena-gomez/. Retrieved 2009-08-05.

^ Oh, Eunice (2009-02-03). "FIRST LOOK: Selena Gomez's Cell-Free Safety Pitch – Good Deeds, Selena Gomez". People.com. http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,20256299,00.html. Retrieved 2009-08-06.

^ "Celebrities Raise Hope For Congo". Looktothestars.org. 2009-07-10. http://www.looktothestars.org/news/2789-celebrities-raise-hope-for-congo. Retrieved 2009-08-06.

^ ^a ^b "Teen Sensation Selena Gomez Appointed UNICEF Ambassador". Reuters. 2009-09-03. http://www.reuters.com/article/pressRelease/idUS178135+03-Sep-2009+PRN20090903. Retrieved 2009-10-22.

^ ^a ^b ^c "Selena Gomez: Trip to Africa was 'life-changing'". GoogleNews.com. Associated Press. 2009-10-02. Archived from the original on 2009-10-08. http://web.archive.org/web/20091008052617/http://www.google.com/hostednews/ap/article/ALeqM5gXQVPHT2lU525QpACXyin-pm1sjAD9B37HM81. Retrieved 2012-11-01.

^ "Selena Gomez: Trip to Africa Was 'Life-Changing'". Associated Press. Youtube. 2009-10-02. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dFwJxxPzSpg&feature=player_embedded. Retrieved 2009-10-25.

^ "Trick-or-Treat for UNICEF Spokesperson Selena Gomez :: Trick-or-Treat for UNICEF:: Youth Action :: U.S. Fund for UNICEF – UNICEF USA". Youth.UnicefUsa.org. 2009. Archived from the original on 2010-01-28. http://web.archive.org/web/20100128020348/http://youth.unicefusa.org/trickortreat/selena-gomez.html. Retrieved 2012-11-01.

^ "Meet Selena Gomez at the Concert of Your Choice". CharityBuzz.com. http://www.charitybuzz.com/catalog_items/100611. Retrieved 2009-10-21.

^ UNICEF (2009-10-08). "UNICEF Ambassador Selena Gomez named spokesperson for Trick-or-Treat for UNICEF campaign". StamFordPlus.com. http://www.stamfordplus.com/stm/information/nws1/publish/News_1/UNICEF-Ambassador-Selena-Gomez-named-spokesperson-for-Trick-or-Treat-for-UNICEF-campaign6260.shtml. Retrieved 2009-10-26.

^ "Trick-or-Treat for UNICEF celebrates 60 years of America's youth making a difference throughout the world". 2009-05-26. http://www.unicefusa.org/news/releases/trick-or-treat-for-unicef-long-lead-release.html. Retrieved 2010-05-30.

^ "Selena Gomez & The Scene Announce a Charity Concert in Celebration of the 60th Anniversary of Trick-or-Treat for UNICEF". 2011-10-06. http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/selena-gomez--the-scene-announce-a-charity-concert-in-celebration-of-the-60th-anniversary-of-trick-or-treat-for-unicef-104432868.html. Retrieved 2011-08-21.

^ http://www.disneydreaming.com/2010/01/20/selena-gomez-helps-in-hope-for-haiti-telethon/

^ "UNICEF Ambassador Selena Gomez visits Chile". 2011-02-02. http://www.unicefusa.org/news/releases/unicef-ambassador-selena-gomez-chile.html. Retrieved 2011-08-21.

^ "Celebrities Team Up with UNICEF Tap Project to Provide Safe, Clean Drinking Water to Children around the World". 2011-03-13. http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/celebrities-team-up-with-unicef-tap-project-to-provide-safe-clean-drinking-water-to-children-around-the-world-117899059.html. Retrieved 2011-08-21.

^ "LOL: Selena Gomez is crazy... about UNICEF". CBS News. 2011-03-29. http://www.cbsnews.com/8301-504784_162-20048529-10391705.html. Retrieved 2011-08-21.

^ "Selena Gomez fills her Celebrity Tap bottle". 2011-04-20. http://fieldnotes.unicefusa.org/2011/04/selena_gomez_fills_her_celebri.html.

^ "Friends For Change: Disney Groups". Disney.go.com. http://disney.go.com/disneygroups/friendsforchange/#/disneygroups/friendsforchange/. Retrieved 2009-10-21.

^ ^a ^b ""Send it on", an anthem by the world's biggest teen stars" (DOC) (Press release). Disney Channel. 2009-08-06. http://www.disneychannelmedianet.com/DNR/2009/doc/Send_It_On_Disneys_Friends_for_Change%20_081909.doc. Retrieved 2009-08-20.

^ "Send It On (feat. Demi Lovato, Jonas Brothers, Miley Cyrus & Selena Gomez) – Single". iTunes Store. Apple Inc.. 2009-08-11. http://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewAlbum?id=325770503&s=143441. Retrieved 2009-08-20.

^ ^a ^b "Selena Gomez to Star in 'What Boys Want'". Parade. 2009-10-20. http://www.parade.com/celebrity/hollywood-wire/2009/10/20/selena-gomez-to-star-in-what-boys-want.html. Retrieved 2009-10-21.

^ FOX 411 Editor (2009-10-07). "Selena Gomez Helps Give Back To Her Community". FoxNews.com. http://entertainment.blogs.foxnews.com/2009/10/07/selena-gomez-helps-gives-back-to-her-community/. Retrieved 2009-10-25.

^ "BFFs Selena Gomez & Demi Lovato Show Off Their Furry Best Pals". PeoplePets.com. 2009-06-18. http://www.peoplepets.com/news/celebrities/bffs-selena-gomez-demi-lovato-show-off-their-furry-best-pals/1. Retrieved 2009-08-06.

^ http://ryanseacrest.com/2012/04/20/selena-gomez-ryan-seacrest-foundation/

^ "Sears Arrive Lounge – The Hottest Guys & Girls Fashion with Selena Gomez". ArriveLounge. http://www.arrivelounge.com/. Retrieved 2009-10-20.

^ Bee-Syuan Chang (2009-07-31). "Selena Gomez and Sears Team Up For Back To School Style". Stylist.com. http://www.stylelist.com/blog/2009/07/31/selena-gomez-and-sears-team-up-for-back-to-school-style/. Retrieved 2009-10-21.

^ Joyce Eng (2008-10-30). "Wizards' Selena Gomez Conjures Own Production Company". TVGuide.com. http://www.tvguide.com/News/Selena-Gomez-Forms-35034.aspx. Retrieved 2009-10-21.

^ ^a ^b Tatianna Siegel (2008-10-29). "Selena Gomez forms production co". Variety. http://www.variety.com/article/VR1117994893.html?categoryid=13&cs=1. Retrieved 2009-10-21.

^ ^a ^b ^c Lauren Joskowitz (2009-10-15). "Selena Gomez Introduces 'Dream Out Loud,' Her Own Line Of Eco-Friendly, Bohemian Clothes". MYV.com. http://hollywoodcrush.mtv.com/2009/10/15/selena-gomez-introduces-dream-out-loud-her-own-line-of-eco-friendly-bohemian-clothes/. Retrieved 2009-10-22.

^ ^a ^b ^c Ella Ngo (2009-10-15). "Seelna Gomez Gets Her Own Fashion Line". E!Online.com. http://www.eonline.com/uberblog/b149093_selena_gomez_gets_her_own_fashion_line.html. Retrieved 2009-10-22.

^ ^a ^b "Selena Gomez to Launch Clothing Line". TransWorldNews.com. 2009-10-15. http://www.transworldnews.com/NewsStory.aspx?id=130338&cat=2. Retrieved 2009-10-22.

^ ^a ^b ^c April MacIntyre (2009-10-15). "Selena Gomez launches fashion line in fall 2010". MonsterandCritics.com. http://www.monstersandcritics.com/lifestyle/fashion/news/article_1507339.php/Selena-Gomez-launches-fashion-line-in-fall-2010. Retrieved 2009-10-22.

^ Julee Kaplan (2009-10-15). "Disney Star Selena Gomez Launching Fashion Brand". WWD.com. http://www.wwd.com/markets-news/as-a-designer-selena-gomez-has-big-dreams-2343323. Retrieved 2009-10-25.

^ "Adrenalina Inc. Signs Exclusive Global Fragrance Agreement with Selena Gomez". http://www.marketwatch.com/. 2011-07-18. http://www.marketwatch.com/story/adrenalina-inc-signs-exclusive-global-fragrance-agreement-with-selena-gomez-2011-07-14?reflink=MW_news_stmp. Retrieved 2011-07-14.

^ http://www.google.com/imgres?q=selena+gomez+people+magazine+cover&hl=en&safe=active&biw=1280&bih=713&gbv=2&tbm=isch&tbnid=n9S_Dgg2q2CCjM:&imgrefurl=http://www.disneydreaming.com/2009/06/16/demi-lovato-and-selena-gomez-on-the-cover-of-people-magazine/&docid=dzGnUZx3MoZ_kM&imgurl=http://www.disneydreaming.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/06/Demi-Lovato-And-Selena-Gomez-People-Magazine-Cover.png&w=489&h=661&ei=fL_DT5HxF46eOrrggNUJ&zoom=1&iact=rc&dur=116&sig=116966458106407092151&page=1&tbnh=164&tbnw=121&start=0&ndsp=19&ved=1t:429,r:0,s:0,i:73&tx=65&ty=41

^ http://www.cosmopolitan.com/celebrity/exclusive/selena-gomez-march-cover-cosmopolitan

^ http://www.billboard.com/features/selena-gomez-the-billboard-cover-story-1005227022.story

^ http://img1.bdbphotos.com/images/orig/i/x/ix9i9ugouprviv9u.jpg

^ http://www.teenvogue.com/industry/coverlook/2011/05/selena-gomez-teen-vogue-photos#slide=1

^ http://www.hollywire.com/fashion-beauty/selena-gomez-covers-seventeen-magazines-prom-issue-2010

^ http://www.disneydreaming.com/2011/07/22/selena-gomez-elle-magazine-mexico-cover-august-2011/

^ http://www.madametussauds.com/NewYork/NewsAndEvents/SelenaGomez/default.aspx

^ http://www.madametussauds.com/London/NewsAndEvents/SelenaGomezArrives/default.aspx

^ http://www.madametussauds.com/Washington/OurFigures/HollywoodStars/SelenaGomez.aspx

^ http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,20356857,00.html

^ http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,20275004,00.html

^ http://www.nowpublic.com/culture/taylor-lautner-and-selena-gomez-break-new-moon-romance-over

^ Hogan, Kate (2011-02-28). "Justin Bieber and Selena Gomez Step Out Together on Oscar Night". People. http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,20469564,00.html. Retrieved 2012-01-06.

^ "Caught in the Act!". People. 2010-11-04. http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,20439639,00.html. Retrieved 2012-01-06.

^ Greer, Carlos (2010-12-13). "Selena Gomez: Justin Bieber and I Are Just Friends". People. http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,20449246,00.html. Retrieved 2012-01-06.

^ Ziegbe, Mawuse (2010-12-23). "Justin Bieber Calls Selena Gomez 'An Amazing Person'". MTV. http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1654905/justin-bieber-calls-selena-gomez-amazing-person.jhtml. Retrieved 2012-01-06.

^ "Bikini-clad Selena Gomez kisses Justin Bieber". USA Today. 2011-01-03. http://today.msnbc.msn.com/id/40898352/ns/today-entertainment/t/bikini-clad-selena-gomez-kisses-justin-bieber/#.Twdff0o-O3k. Retrieved 2012-01-06.

^ Nudd, Tim (2011-01-03). "Justin Bieber & Selena Gomez Caught Kissing in the Caribbean". People. http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,20454367,00.html. Retrieved 2012-01-06.

^ Hammel, Sarah (2011-01-31). "Justin Bieber Calls Selena Gomez 'One of My Best Friends'". People. http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,20462453,00.html. Retrieved 2012-01-06.

^ Riedel, David (2011-05-23). "Justin Bieber and Selena Gomez kiss at Billboard Music Awards". CBS. http://www.cbsnews.com/8301-31749_162-20065270-10391698.html. Retrieved 2012-01-06.

^ Lee, Felicia (2011-08-08). "Selena Gomez and Taylor Swift Are Teens' Choices". New York Times. http://artsbeat.blogs.nytimes.com/2011/08/08/selena-gomez-and-taylor-swift-are-teens-choices/. Retrieved 2012-01-06.

^ Oldenburg, Ann (2011-10-24). "Justin Bieber, Selena Gomez enjoy romance, hockey in Canada". USA Today. http://content.usatoday.com/communities/entertainment/post/2011/10/justin-bieber-selena-gomez-enjoy-romance-hockey-in-canada/1. Retrieved 2012-01-06.

^ Moe, John (2011-12-29). "Wikipedia introduces new software for its editors". American Public Media. http://www.marketplace.org/topics/tech/wikipedia-introduces-new-software-its-editors. Retrieved 2012-01-06.

^ Vena, Jocelyn (2012-01-05). "Justin Bieber Opens Up About Kissing Selena Gomez". MTV. http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1676770/justin-bieber-selena-gomez-ellen-degeneres.jhtml. Retrieved 2012-01-06.

^ Spocket Girl Creative. "Official Site for Brain Zapped | Written and Directed by Eliud George Garcia". Brainzapped.com. http://www.brainzapped.com/. Retrieved 2011-07-04.

^ ^a ^b ^c List of Selena Gomez's soundtrack:

Another Cinderella Story: "Another Cinderella Story – Original Soundtrack". Allmusic. 2010-05-13. http://www.allmusic.com/album/another-cinderella-story-r1409947/charts-awards. Retrieved 2010-05-13.

Wizards of Waverly Place: "Wizards of Waverly Place: Songs from and Inspired by the Hit TV Series". Allmusic. 2010-05-13. http://www.allmusic.com/album/wizards-of-waverly-place-songs-from-and-inspired-by-the-hit-tv-series-r1612628/charts-awards. Retrieved 2010-05-13.

^ "SOUNDTRACK – WIZARDS OF WAVERLY PLACE (ALBUM)". norwegiancharts.com. 2010-05-13. http://norwegiancharts.com/showitem.asp?interpret=Soundtrack&titel=Wizards+Of+Waverly+Place&cat=a. Retrieved 2010-05-13.

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d "Selena Gomez – Chart History". acharts.us. http://acharts.us/performer/selena_gomez. Retrieved 2011-02-10.

^ "SELENA GOMEZ – MAGIC (SONG) on Norway Charts". norwegiancharts.com. http://norwegiancharts.com/showitem.asp?interpret=Selena+Gomez&titel=Magic&cat=s. Retrieved 2011-02-10.

^ http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,20277194,00.html

^ ^a ^b http://www.teen.com/2011/09/28/music/billboard-21-minors-under-21-list-justin-bieber-demi-lovato-photos/#8

^ http://www.people.com/people/package/video/0,,20360857_20364300,00.html

^ http://www.latina.com/entertainment/25-most-beautiful-latino-stars-under-25?slide=3

^ http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2011/09/07/latina-magazine-celebrate-15-years_n_953210.html#s353113&title=Selena_Gomez_Gives

^ http://www.papermag.com/arts_and_style/2010/12/beautiful-people-2011-selena-gomez.php

^ http://www.askmen.com/specials/2012_top_99/14-selena-gomez.html

^ http://uk.askmen.com/specials/2012_top_99/33-selena-%7Cgomez.html

^ http://www.people.com/people/package/gallery/0,,20360857_20586608,00.html#21145457

^ http://www.hollywoodlife.com/2012/05/02/fhm-100-sexiest-women-2012-rihanna-selena-gomez-kim-kardashian-kristen-stewart/

^ http://www.glamourmagazine.co.uk/fashion/celebrity-fashion/2011/11/glamours-50-best-dressed-list-2012-kristen-stewart-robert-pattinson-victoria-beckham#!image-number=26

^ http://www.maxim.com/hot-100/2012

External links [link]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Selena Gomez

Official website

Selena Gomez at the Internet Movie Database

Selena Gomez on Facebook

Selena Gomez at Disney.com

v

t

e

Selena Gomez & the Scene

Selena Gomez

Greg Garman

Joey Clement

Ethan Roberts

Dane Forrest

Studio albums

Kiss & Tell

A Year Without Rain

When the Sun Goes Down

Singles

"Falling Down"

"Naturally"

"Round & Round"

"A Year Without Rain"

"Who Says"

"Love You Like a Love Song"

"Hit the Lights"

"Bang Bang Bang"

Other songs

"Tell Me Something I Don't Know"

"Live Like There's No Tomorrow"

"Shake It Up"

"Whiplash"

Tours

Live in Concert

A Year Without Rain Tour

We Own the Night Tour

Related articles

Discography

Hollywood Records

Persondata

Name Gomez, Selena

Alternative names Gomez, Selena Marie

Short description Actress, singer

Date of birth July 22, 1992

Place of birth Grand Prairie, Texas, United States

Date of death

Place of death

http://wn.com/Selena_Gomez

This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selena_Gomez

This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.

Adam Sandler

Sandler in February 2011

Born Adam Richard Sandler
(1966-09-09) September 9, 1966 (age 45)
Brooklyn, New York, United States

Nationality American

Occupation Actor, comedian, musician, songwriter, screenwriter, film producer

Years active 1987–present

Influenced by Mel Brooks, Bill Murray, Rodney Dangerfield^[1]

Spouse Jacqueline "Jackie" Titone (2003–present)

Children 2

Website

adamsandler.com

Adam Richard Sandler (born September 9, 1966) is an American actor, comedian, screenwriter, musician and film producer. After becoming a Saturday Night Live cast member, Sandler went on to star in several Hollywood feature films that grossed over $100 million at the box office.^[2] He is best known for his comedic roles, such as in the films Billy Madison (1995), Happy Gilmore (1996), The Waterboy (1998), Big Daddy (1999), and Mr. Deeds (2002), though he has ventured into more dramatic territory. In 1999, Sandler founded Happy Madison, a film and television production company that has produced numerous films and developed the 2007 television series Rules of Engagement.

Contents

1 Early life

2 Career

2.1 Acting career

2.2 Happy Madison Productions

3 Personal life

3.1 Political and charitable donations

4 Filmography

4.1 Film

4.2 Television

5 Awards

6 Discography

7 References

8 External links

Early life [link]

Adam Sandler was born in Brooklyn, New York to Jewish parents,^[3] Stanley, an electrical engineer, and Judy Sandler, a nursery school teacher.^[4] When he was five, his family moved to Manchester, New Hampshire, where he attended Manchester Central High School. He found he was a natural comic, and nurtured his talent while at New York University by performing regularly in clubs and on campuses. Sandler graduated from NYU's Tisch School of the Arts in 1988.^[5]

Later in his career, he would draw on his earliest experiences for material for his comedy, music and movies. The song "Lunchlady Land" from his debut album They're All Gonna Laugh at You! is dedicated to Emalee, the lunchlady at Hayden Dining Hall at New York University.^{[citation needed]}

Career [link]

Acting career [link]

Sandler at the 2002 Cannes Film Festival

In the mid to late 1980s, Sandler played Theo Huxtable's friend, Smitty, on The Cosby Show (1987–1988). He was a performer for the MTV game show Remote Control, on which he made appearances as the characters "Trivia Delinquent" or "Stud Boy". Early in his career, Sandler performed in comedy clubs, taking the stage at his brother's urging when he was seventeen. He was discovered by comedian Dennis Miller, who caught Sandler's act in Los Angeles. Miller recommended him to Saturday Night Live producer Lorne Michaels. Sandler was hired as a writer for SNL in 1990 and became a featured player the following year, making a name for himself by performing amusing original songs on the show, including "The Chanukah Song".^[6] Sandler told Conan O'Brien on The Tonight Show that NBC fired him and Chris Farley from the show in 1995.^[7]

In 1994 he co-starred in Airheads with Brendan Fraser and Steve Buscemi. He starred in Billy Madison (1995) as a grown, though uneducated, man repeating grades 1–12 to earn back his father's respect, along with the right to inherit his father's multi-million-dollar hotel empire. In At the Movies, Siskel and Ebert gave the film a very bad review, and said of Sandler "...Not an attractive screen presence, he might have a career as a villain or a fall guy or the butt of a joke, but as the protagonist his problem is he creates the fingernails on the blackboard" with Siskel adding "...you don't have a good motivation for the character's behavior".^{[citation needed]} He followed this film with other financially successful comedies such as Bulletproof (1996), Happy Gilmore (1996) and The Wedding Singer (1998). He was initially cast in the bachelor-party-themed comedy/thriller Very Bad Things (1998), but had to back out due to his involvement in The Waterboy (1998), one of his first hits.

Although his earlier films did not receive critical praise, his more recent films, beginning with Punch-Drunk Love (2002), have received more positive reviews - although they lack the meagre humour of his earlier films. Roger Ebert, in his review of Punch-Drunk Love, concluded that Sandler had been wasted in earlier films with poorly written scripts and characters with no development.^[8] Sandler has moved outside the genre of slapstick comedy to take on more serious parts such as the aforementioned Punch-Drunk Love (for which he was nominated for a Golden Globe), Spanglish (2004) and Reign Over Me (2007). He played a loving father figure in Big Daddy (1999). During filming, he met Jacqueline Samantha Titone—his future wife and mother of his two daughters -— who was cast as the waitress from The Blarney Stone Bar.^{[citation needed]}

At one point, Sandler was considered for the part that went to Jamie Foxx in Collateral (2004). He also was one of the finalists along with Jim Carrey and Johnny Depp for the role of Willy Wonka in Tim Burton's Charlie and the Chocolate Factory (2005).^{[citation needed]} He returned to more dramatic^{[neutrality is disputed]} fare with Mike Binder's Reign Over Me (2007), a drama about a man who loses his entire family in 9/11 and rekindles a friendship with his old college roommate (played by Don Cheadle). He starred in the film I Now Pronounce You Chuck and Larry (2007) alongside Kevin James, as a New York City fireman pretending to be gay to keep up an insurance scam so that his best friend's children can have benefits. Sandler headlined You Don't Mess with the Zohan (2008), a comedy about a Mossad agent who fakes his own death and moves to the United States to become a hair stylist. The film was written by Sandler, The 40-Year-Old Virgin writer-director Judd Apatow (who was an old roommate of Sandler's when both were starting out), and Triumph, the Insult Comic Dog creator Robert Smigel, and was directed by Happy Gilmore director Dennis Dugan.

"Like Will Ferrell, Sandler has layers of tenderness under layers of irony under layers of tenderness—plus a floating anger like Jupiter’s great red spot," wrote David Edelstein of New York magazine in a review of You Don't Mess with the Z. "Some performers become stars because we can read them instantly, others—like Sandler—because we never tire of trying to get a fix on them."^[9]

Sandler at the premiere of Funny People in Berlin, 2009

Sandler starred in Bedtime Stories (2008), a fantasy film directed by Bringing Down the House director Adam Shankman, about a stressed hotel maintenance worker whose bedtime stories he reads to his niece and nephew begin to come true. This marked Sandler's first family film and first film under the Walt Disney banner.^[10] Keri Russell and English comedian Russell Brand co-starred.

In 2009, Sandler starred in Judd Apatow's third directorial feature Funny People. He played a very successful stand up comedian who finds out he has a terminal illness and he takes a young inexperienced comic, played by Seth Rogen, under his wing. Filming began in October 2008 and finished in January 2009. The film was released on July 31, 2009.^[11] At one point, Sandler was in talks to star in Quentin Tarantino's World War II film Inglourious Basterds, which he confirmed, but he did not appear in it due to a scheduling conflict with Funny People.^[12] Following the release of Funny People, it, along with Punch-Drunk Love were cited in the June 2010 announcement that Sandler was one of 135 people (including 20 actors) invited to join the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences.^[13]

Sandler appeared in Grown Ups, teaming up with Kevin James, Chris Rock, Rob Schneider, and David Spade (all of whom have worked with Sandler before) for a film about five best friends from high school who reunite 30 years later on the July 4 weekend. Other costars include Salma Hayek (playing Sandler's wife), Maria Bello (playing James' wife), and fellow SNL alumna Maya Rudolph (playing Rock's wife), Colin Quinn, Tim Meadows, and Norm Macdonald. Sandler and Dickie Roberts scribe Fred Wolf wrote the script and Dennis Dugan directed the film.^[14]

Sandler starred in the 2011 film Just Go with It, with Jennifer Aniston, a romantic comedy written by Allan Loeb and Tim Dowling and directed by Dennis Dugan. He played a plastic surgeon who asks his office manager, played by Aniston, to pose as his wife, in order to prove his honesty to his much younger girlfriend, played by Brooklyn Decker. Sandler also provided the voice of a capuchin monkey in Kevin James' Zookeeper, released on July 8, 2011.^[15] He filmed That's My Boy with Andy Samberg, which tells the story of a man, played by Sandler, who fathered a son, played by Samberg, with his teacher in high school. Then years later, visits his son on the eve of his wedding where he clashes with the bride (played by Leighton Meester).

Happy Madison Productions [link]

Sandler has collaborated with Henry Winkler and Kevin James for several film projects

Sandler formed his film production company, Happy Madison Productions,^[16] in 1999, first producing fellow SNL alumnus Rob Schneider's film Deuce Bigalow: Male Gigolo. Happy Madison has produced all of Sandler's subsequent films to date with the exceptions Punch Drunk Love and Spanglish. Reign Over Me and Funny People were produced by Happy Madison but under the subsidiary label "Madison 23".

Sandler is known for consistently working with a core group of friends and associates through Happy Madison, frequently casting fellow SNL performers in various roles in his films. Sandler and Happy Madison produced SNL contemporary Rob Schneider's vehicles Deuce Bigalow: Male Gigolo (1999), The Animal (2001), The Hot Chick (2002), and Deuce Bigalow: European Gigolo (2005), and The Benchwarmers (2006), with Sandler making cameo appearances in the middle three. Meanwhile, Schneider has appeared in cameo roles in Sandler films The Waterboy, Little Nicky, Mr. Deeds, Click, The Longest Yard, I Now Pronounce You Chuck and Larry, and Bedtime Stories. Schneider had larger roles in Sandler films Big Daddy, 50 First Dates, Eight Crazy Nights, You Don't Mess with the Zohan, and Grown Ups.

The handprints and shoeprints of Adam Sandler in front of Grauman's Chinese Theatre.

Happy Madison produced David Spade's Joe Dirt, Dickie Roberts: Former Child Star, and The Benchwarmers, which also featured Rob Schneider.^[16] Spade additionally made a cameo appearance in I Now Pronounce You Chuck and Larry and had a prominent supporting role in Grown Ups. Sandler cameoed as a special audience member in an episode of The Showbiz Show with David Spade. SNL contemporary Kevin Nealon has appeared in ten Happy Madison productions or Sandler films, including Happy Gilmore, The Wedding Singer, Little Nicky, Joe Dirt, Eight Crazy Nights, Anger Management, Grandma's Boy, You Don't Mess with the Zohan, Just Go With It and the Dana Carvey vehicle, The Master of Disguise.

Happy Madison also produced Paul Blart: Mall Cop, the first starring vehicle for Kevin James. James had costarred with Sandler in I Now Pronounce You Chuck and Larry and Grown Ups and made a cameo appearance in You Don't Mess with the Zohan. Happy Madison also produced James' second starring vehicle Zookeeper.

He appeared as the featured guest on the final episode of John McEnroe's eponymous CNBC talk show, airing in late 2004. McEnroe appeared as himself in three of Sandler's films (Mr. Deeds, Anger Management, and You Don't Mess with the Zohan).

Anna Faris, who appeared in The Hot Chick, became the first female actor to headline a production for Happy Madison with The House Bunny and will headline another film for Happy Madison in the near future.

Others who frequently appear in Sandler films include Steve Buscemi, Chris Rock, John Turturro, Jon Lovitz, Clint Howard, Norm Macdonald, Nick Swardson, and longtime Sandler pals Allen Covert, Peter Dante, and Jonathan Loughran. In particular Allen Covert plays unique and eccentric characters in Sandler's films. Most notably as a limo driver in The Wedding Singer, Ten Second Tom in 50 First Dates, and Nicky's roommate in Little Nicky. Covert starred in his first leading role in Grandma's Boy, also produced by Happy Madison productions.

In June 2007, it was announced that Happy Madison had made a preemptive acquisition for Mitch Albom's screenwriting debut.^[17]

In June 2008, it was announced that Sandler will be executive producer for a horror thriller titled The Shortcut under a nascent genre label for Happy Madison called "Scary Madison".^[18]

In October 2009, it was announced that Sandler and Happy Madison will produce the Richard Pryor biopic Richard Pryor: Is It Something I Said? for Sony, the company's first major dramatic production. The film was written by Bill Condon, who is set to direct, and Pryor will be played by Marlon Wayans, who is replacing Eddie Murphy.^[19]

Personal life [link]

Sandler with his two daughters in February 2011

On June 22, 2003, Sandler married actress Jacqueline Samantha Titone, and they are the parents of two daughters, Sadie Madison Sandler (born 2006)^[20] and Sunny Madeline Sandler (born 2008).^[21] Sandler lives with his family in Los Angeles, but also owns homes in New York City and Florida.^{[citation needed]}

Political and charitable donations [link]

In 2007, Sandler made a $1 million donation to the Boys and Girls Club in his hometown, Manchester, New Hampshire.^[22] He donated $2,100 to Republican Rudy Giuliani's presidential campaign the same year.^[23]

Filmography [link]

Film [link]

Films and awards
Year Title Role Notes

1989 Going Overboard Schecky Moskowitz

1992 Shakes the Clown Dink the Clown

1993 Coneheads Carmine

1994 Airheads Pip

Mixed Nuts Louie

1995 Billy Madison Billy Madison Also writer
Nominated – MTV Movie Award for Best Comedic Performance

1996 Happy Gilmore Happy Gilmore Also writer
MTV Movie Award for Best Fight
Nominated – MTV Movie Award for Best Comedic Performance
Nominated – Razzie Award for Worst Actor (also for Bulletproof)

Bulletproof Archie Moses Nominated – Razzie Award for Worst Actor

1998 The Wedding Singer Robbie Hart Blockbuster Entertainment Award for Favorite Actor – Comedy (also for The Waterboy)
MTV Movie Award for Best Kiss
Nominated – American Comedy Award for Funniest Actor in a Motion Picture (leading role)
Nominated – MTV Movie Award for Best Comedic Performance
Nominated – MTV Movie Award for Best On-Screen Duo

Dirty Work Satan (uncredited) Cameo appearance

The Waterboy Robert "Bobby" Boucher Jr. Also executive producer and writer
Blockbuster Entertainment Award for Favorite Actor – Comedy (also for The Wedding Singer)
Kids' Choice Award for Favorite Movie Actor
MTV Movie Award for Best Comedic Performance
Nominated – MTV Movie Award for Best Male Performance
Nominated – Razzie Award for Worst Actor

1999 Big Daddy Sonny Koufax Also executive producer and writer
Blockbuster Entertainment Award for Favorite Actor – Comedy
Kids' Choice Award for Favorite Movie Actor
MTV Movie Award for Best Comedic Performance
People's Choice Award for Favorite Motion Picture Star in a Comedy
Razzie Award for Worst Actor
Nominated – MTV Movie Award for Best Male Performance
Nominated – MTV Movie Award for Best On-Screen Duo (shared with Cole and Dylan Sprouse)
Nominated – Razzie Award for Worst Screenplay
Nominated – Teen Choice Award for Choice Movie Actor

Deuce Bigalow: Male Gigolo Robert Justin (voice) Cameo appearance

2000 Little Nicky Nicky Also executive producer and writer
Nominated – Razzie Award for Worst Actor
Nominated – Razzie Award for Worst Screenplay

2001 The Animal Townie Cameo appearance
Executive producer

2002 Mr. Deeds Longfellow Deeds Also executive producer
Kids' Choice Award for Favorite Movie Actor
Nominated – MTV Movie Award for Best Comedic Performance
Nominated – Razzie Award for Worst Actor
Nominated – Teen Choice Award for Film – Choice Actor, Comedy

Punch-Drunk Love Barry Egan Gijón Internation Film Festival Award for Best Actor
Chlotrudis Award for Best Actor
Nominated – Golden Globe Award for Best Actor - Motion Picture Musical or Comedy
Nominated – MTV Movie Award for Best Kiss
Nominated – Satellite Award for Best Actor - Motion Picture Musical or Comedy

Eight Crazy Nights Davey Stone (voice) Also producer and writer
Kids' Choice Award for Favorite Voice from an Animated Movie

A Day with the Meatball Himself Short film

The Hot Chick Mambuza Bongo Guy (uncredited) Cameo appearance
Executive producer

2003 Anger Management Dave Buznik Also executive producer

Pauly Shore Is Dead Himself Documentary

Stupidity Himself Documentary

The Couch Couch Testing Guy Short film

2004 50 First Dates Henry Roth Also executive producer
Kids' Choice Award for Favorite Movie Actor
MTV Movie Award for Best On-Screen Team (shared with Drew Barrymore)
People's Choice Award for Favorite On-Screen Chemistry (shared with Drew Barrymore)
Nominated – MTV Movie Award for Best Male Performance

Spanglish John Clasky

2005 The Longest Yard Paul Crewe Also executive producer
People's Choice Award for Favorite Funny Male Star
Nominated – MTV Movie Award for Best Comedic Performance
Nominated – People's Choice Award for Favorite Leading Man

Deuce Bigalow: European Gigolo Javier Sandooski (uncredited) Cameo appearance
Producer

2006 Click Michael Newman Also producer
Kids' Choice Award for Favorite Male Movie Star
Nominated – MTV Movie Award for Best Comedic Performance
Nominated – People's Choice Award for Favorite Funny Male Star

2007 Reign Over Me Charlie Fineman

I Now Pronounce You Chuck and Larry Charles "Chuck" Levine Also executive producer
Nominated – MTV Movie Award for Best Comedic Performance
Nominated – People's Choice Award for Favorite Funny Male Star
Nominated – Razzie Award for Worst Actor
Nominated – Razzie Award for Worst Screen Couple (shared with Kevin James and Jessica Biel)

2008 You Don't Mess with the Zohan Zohan Dvir Also producer and writer

Bedtime Stories Skeeter Bronson Also producer
Nominated – Kids' Choice Award for Favorite Movie Actor

2009 Funny People George Simmons

The Shortcut Executive producer

2010 Grown Ups Lenny Feder Also producer and writer

2011 Just Go with It Dr. Daniel "Danny" Maccabee Also producer
Razzie Award for Worst Actor
Teen Choice Award for Favorite Movie Chemistry (shared with Jennifer Aniston)
Nominated- Razzie Award for Worst Screen Couple (shared with Brooklyn Decker and Jennifer Aniston)

Zookeeper Donald the Capuchin Monkey (voice) Also producer

Bucky Larson: Born to Be a Star Writer and Producer
Nominated - Razzie Award for Worst Screenplay

Jack and Jill Jack/Jill Sadelstein Also producer and writer
Kids Choice Award for Favorite Movie Actor
Razzie Award for Worst Actor
Razzie Award for Worst Actress
Razzie Award for Worst Screenplay
Razzie Award for Worst Screen Couple (shared with Katie Holmes, Al Pacino, and himself)
Razzie Award for Worst Ensemble

2012 That's My Boy Donny Levine Also producer

Hotel Transylvania Dracula (voice)

2013 Grown Ups 2 Lenny Feder Also Producer ^[24]

Television [link]

Year Title Role Notes

1987–1990 Remote Control Stud Boy TV game show

1987–1988 The Cosby Show Smitty Season 4, episode 11 "Dance Mania"
Season 4, episode 12 "The Locker Room"
Season 4, episode 16 "The Visit"
Season 4, episode 23 "The Prom"

1990 The Marshall Chronicles Usher Season 1, episode 5 "Brightman SATyricon"

ABC Afterschool Special Drug Dealer Season 19, episode 2 "Testing Dirty"

1991–1995 Saturday Night Live Various

2001 Undeclared Himself Season 1, episode 6 "The Assistant"

2003 Couch Couch Testing Guy

2005 Getaway Henry Roth Season 14, episode 20 "Found"

2007 The King of Queens Jeff "The Beast" Sussman Season 9, episode 9 "Mild Bunch"

Awards [link]

This section is empty. You can help by adding to it.

Discography [link]

Title Year Notes

They're All Gonna Laugh at You! 1993 2× Platinum

What the Hell Happened to Me? 1996 2× Platinum

What's Your Name? 1997 Gold

Stan and Judy's Kid 1999 Gold

Shhh...Don't Tell 2004

References [link]

^ Wills, Dominic. "Adam Sandler - Biography". http://www.talktalk.co.uk/entertainment/film/biography/artist/adam-sandler/biography/142. Retrieved 2012-03-31.

^ ""Adam Sandler." ''BoxOfficeMojo.com''". Boxofficemojo.com. http://www.boxofficemojo.com/people/chart/?view=Actor&id=adamsandler.htm. Retrieved February 17, 2011.

^ "Adam Sandler's Jewish Roots." Jewogle.com

^ "Adam Sandler Biography (1966?-)." Film Reference.com.

^ "Live From New York, It's...". NYU Alumni Magazine. New York University. Spring 2008. Archived from the original on 30 May 2010. http://www.nyu.edu/alumni.magazine/issue10/10_culture_snl.html. Retrieved June 30, 2010.

^ "Adam Sandler Biography." Biography.com.

^ "You're not alone, Conan O'Brien: Adam Sandler says NBC fired him and Chris Farley from 'SNL'" Joe Dziemianowicz, New York Daily News, January 21, 2010.

^ Ebert, Roger. "Punch-Drunk Love." Chicago Sun-Times. October 18, 2002.

^ Edelstein, David, (June 5, 2008). Israeli Stud, Aspiring Hairdresser: Adam Sandler makes his Jewish mother proud. Meanwhile, Werner Herzog tries to avoid penguins. nymag.com. Archived from the original on 9 June 2008. http://nymag.com/movies/reviews/47552/. Retrieved June 13, 2008.

^ "Adam Sandler's Bedtime Stories Come True." ComingSoon.net.

^ Michael Fleming (June 11, 2008). "Trio joins Judd Apatow film". Variety. Archived from the original on 10 July 2008. http://www.variety.com/article/VR1117987337.html?categoryid=13&cs=1. Retrieved June 13, 2008.

^ "Sandler won't star in Tarantino film". http://www.rte.ie/arts/2008/0814/sandlera.html.

^ "Academy Invites 135 to Membership". Press release. Beverly Hills, CA: Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. June 25, 2010. Archived from the original on 30 June 2010. http://www.oscars.org/press/pressreleases/2010/20100625.html. Retrieved June 29, 2010.

^ Siegel, Tatiana (February 10, 2009). "Columbia pic gets Sandler and friends". Variety. Archived from the original on 13 February 2009. http://www.variety.com/article/VR1117999951.html?categoryid=13&cs=1. Retrieved February 12, 2009.

^ coloradoan.com

^ ^a ^b "Happy Madison." AdamSandler.com. Accessed October 9, 2008.

^ Fleming, Michael (June 17, 2007). "Sandler struck by Albom pitch". Variety. http://www.variety.com/article/VR1117967095.html?categoryid=13&cs=1.

^ "Sandler's Scary Madison Takes Shortcut". Comingsoon.net. June 6, 2008. http://www.comingsoon.net/news/movienews.php?id=45740. Retrieved February 17, 2011.

^ Fleming, Michael (October 7, 2009). "'Pryor' engagement for Condon". Variety. http://www.variety.com/article/VR1118009680.html?categoryid=13&cs=1&query=Marlon+Wayans. Retrieved February 17, 2011.

^ "Adam Sandler, Wife Have a Baby." People.com.

^ "Adam Sandler and wife have second daughter." Reuters.com. November 12, 2008.

^ "Adam Sandler donates $1 million to Manchester charity." newhampshire.com.

^ "Adam Sandler's Federal Campaign Contribution Report". newsmeat.com. http://www.newsmeat.com/celebrity_political_donations/Adam_Sandler.php. Sandler is a Republican (Sandler in Zimbio's list of "Famous Republicans" [accessed 2012-05-08]).

^ http://www.imdb.com/title/tt2191701/

External links [link]

Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to: Adam Sandler

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Adam Sandler

Official website

Adam Sandler at the Internet Movie Database

v

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MTV Movie Award for Best Comedic Performance

Billy Crystal (1992)

Robin Williams (1993)

Robin Williams (1994)

Jim Carrey (1995)

Jim Carrey (1996)

Jim Carrey (1997)

Jim Carrey (1998)

Adam Sandler (1999)

Adam Sandler (2000)

Ben Stiller (2001)

Reese Witherspoon (2002)

Mike Myers (2003)

Jack Black (2004)

Dustin Hoffman (2005)

Steve Carell (2006)

Sacha Baron Cohen (2007)

Johnny Depp (2008)

Jim Carrey (2009)

Zach Galifianakis (2010)

Emma Stone (2011)

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Golden Raspberry Award for Worst Screenplay (2001–present)

Freddy Got Fingered – Tom Green & Derek Harvie (2001)

Star Wars Episode II: Attack of the Clones – George Lucas and Jonathan Hales (2002)

Gigli – Martin Brest (2003)

Catwoman – Theresa Rebeck, John Brancato, Michael Ferris and John Rogers (2004)

Dirty Love – Jenny McCarthy (2005)

Basic Instinct 2 – Leora Barish and Henry Bean (2006)

I Know Who Killed Me – Jeffrey Hammond (2007)

The Love Guru – Mike Myers & Graham Gordy (2008)

Transformers: Revenge of the Fallen – Ehren Kruger, Alex Kurtzman and Roberto Orci (2009)

The Last Airbender – M. Night Shyamalan (2010)

Jack and Jill – Adam Sandler, Ben Zook, Steve Koren and Robert Smigel (2011)

Complete list

(1980–2000)

(2001–present)

Persondata

Name Sandler, Adam Richard

Alternative names

Short description American comedian, producer, and musician.

Date of birth September 9, 1966

Place of birth Brooklyn, New York, US

Date of death

Place of death

http://wn.com/Adam_Sandler

This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adam_Sandler

This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.

Oliver Hardy
File:Oliver hardy.png
Born	Norvell Hardy (1892-01-18)January 18, 1892 Harlem, Georgia
Died	August 7, 1957(1957-08-07) (aged 65) North Hollywood, California
Occupation	Actor
Years active	1914-1955
Spouse	Madelyn Saloshin (m.1913-1921; divorced) Myrtle Reeves (m.1921-1937; divorced) Virginia Lucille Jones (m.1940-1957; his death)
Signature

Persondata
Name	Hardy, Oliver
Alternative names	Hardy, Norvell
Short description	silent film comedian
Date of birth	January 18, 1892
Place of birth	Harlem, Georgia, United States
Date of death	August 7, 1957
Place of death	North Hollywood, Los Angeles, California, United States

Kelly Cassidy
Member of the Illinois House of Representatives from the 14th district
Incumbent
Assumed office May 16, 2011
Preceded by	Harry Osterman (D)
Personal details
Political party	Democratic
Domestic partner	Kelley Quinn
Residence	Chicago, Illinois
Religion	Jewish
Website	Citizens for Kelly Cassidy @RepKellyCassidy - Twitter Kelly Cassidy - Facebook

Persondata
Name	Cassidy, Kelly
Alternative names
Short description	American politician
Date of birth
Place of birth
Date of death
Place of death

Selena Gomez
Gomez attending "The 6th Annual Hollywood Style Awards", Beverly Hills, CA on Oct. 10, 2009
Background information
Birth name	Selena Marie Gomez
Born	(1992-07-22) July 22, 1992 (age 19) Grand Prairie, Texas, U.S.
Genres	Pop, dance, pop rock^[1]
Occupations	Actress, singer, Fashion Designer
Instruments	Vocals, piano, guitar, drums
Years active	2002–present
Labels	Hollywood
Associated acts	Selena Gomez & the Scene, Demi Lovato, Taylor Swift
Website	SelenaGomez.com

Year	Title	Role	Notes
2003	Spy Kids 3-D: Game Over	Waterpark Girl
2005	Walker, Texas Ranger: Trial by Fire	Julie
2008	Another Cinderella Story	Mary Santiago	Young Artist Award for Best Performance in a TV Movie Teen Choice Award for Celebrity Dancer
2008	Horton Hears a Who!	Helga	Nominated - Young Artist Award for Best Performance in a Voice-over Role
2009	Princess Protection Program	Carter Mason	Nominated - Young Artist Award for Best Performance in a TV Movie Teen Choice Award for Summer TV Star (Female)
	Wizards of Waverly Place: The Movie	Alex Russo	Nominated - Imagen Award for Best Television Actress
	Arthur and the Vengeance of Maltazard	Princess Selenia	(Replaced Madonna)
2010	Arthur 3: The War of the Two Worlds	Princess Selenia
2010	Ramona and Beezus	Beatrice "Beezus" Quimby	Nominated - Teen Choice Award for Summer Movie Star (Female)
2011	Monte Carlo	Grace Bennett/ Cordelia Winthrop Scott	Nominated - ALMA Award for Favorite Movie Actress in a Musical/Comedy Nominated - Teen Choice Award for Summer Movie Star (Female)
2011	The Muppets	Herself
2012	Hotel Transylvania	Mavis
2013	Spring Breakers	Faith
	Aftershock	TBA
	The Getaway	Kid
TBA	Thirteen Reasons Why	Hannah Baker
TBA	Hot Mess	TBA
TBA	The Sky Is Everywhere	Lennie Walker

Year	Title	Role	Notes
2002–2003	Barney & Friends	Gianna	Recurring role
2006	Brain Zapped	Emily Grace Garcia	Unsold pilot^[120]
2006	The Suite Life of Zack & Cody	Gwen	"A Midsummer's Nightmare" (season 2: episode 22)
2007–2008	Hannah Montana	Mikayla	"I Want You to Want Me... to Go to Florida" (season 2: episode 13) "That's What Friends Are For?" (season 2: episode 18) "(We're So Sorry) Uncle Earl" (season 2: episode 22) (uncredited)
2007–2012	Wizards of Waverly Place	Alex Russo	Lead role
2008	Jonas Brothers: Living the Dream	Herself	(Season 1, episode 7)
2008	Studio DC: Almost Live	Herself	Second Show
2008	Disney Channel Games	Herself	Third annual
2009	The Suite Life on Deck	Alex Russo	"Double-Crossed" (season 1: episode 21)
2009	Hannah Montana	Alex Russo	"Super(stitious) Girl" (season 3: episode 19)
2009	Sonny with a Chance	Herself	"Battle of the Networks' Stars" (season 1: episode 13)
2011	So Random!	Herself	"Selena Gomez & the Scene" (season 1: episode 3) Musical guest singing "Who Says"
2011	PrankStars	Herself	"Something to Chew On (Pilot)" (season 1: episode 1)
2012	Funny Or Die	Woman	"'Fifty Shades Of Blue'" Parody Video

Title	Album details	Peak chart positions
Title	Album details	US ^[121]	US OST ^[121]	US Kids ^[121]	NOR ^[122]
Another Cinderella Story	Released: August 26, 2008 Formats: CD, digital download Label: Walt Disney Records	116	8	—	—
Wizards of Waverly Place	Released: August 4, 2009 Formats: CD, digital download Label: Walt Disney Records	24	4	2	27
"—" denotes items which were not released in that country or failed to chart.

Title	Year	Peak chart positions			Album
Title	Year	US ^[123]	CAN ^[123]	NOR ^[124]	Album
"Tell Me Something I Don't Know"	2008	58	—	—	Another Cinderella Story
"Magic"	2009	61	86	5	Wizards of Waverly Place
"Shake It Up"	2011	—	—	—	Shake It Up: Break It Down

Song	Year	Album
"Burnin' Up"	2008	A Little Bit Longer; played Nick Jonas' love interest
"Cruella De Vil"	2008	Disneymania 6
"Fly to Your Heart"	2008	Tinker Bell
"Tell Me Something I Don't Know"	2008/2009	Kiss & Tell
"One and the Same"	2009	Princess Protection Program, Disney Channel Playlist
"Send It On"	2009	Send It On
"Falling Down"	2009	Kiss & Tell
"Naturally"	2009	Kiss & Tell
"Round and Round"	2010	A Year Without Rain
"A Year Without Rain"	2010	A Year Without Rain
"The Dance Routine"	2011	non-album, The Midnight Beast, cameo
"Who Says"	2011	When the Sun Goes Down
"Love You Like a Love Song"	2011	When the Sun Goes Down
"Hit the Lights"	2011	When the Sun Goes Down
"Hit the Lights"	2012	When the Sun Goes Down

Year	Tour	Gross revenue
2009/2010	Live in Concert	$85,102
2010/2011	A Year Without Rain Tour	$634,667
2011/2012	We Own the Night Tour	$5,754,314

Year	Title	Rank
2009	People Magazine's Most Beautiful Under 21^[125]	No. 1
2010	Billboard's Hottest Music Stars Under 21^[126]	No. 3
2010	People Magazine's 50 Most Beautiful People^[127]	Top 50
2011	Latina Magazine's 25 Most Beautiful Latino Stars Under 25^[128]	No. 4
	Latina Magazine's 15 Latinas We Love!^[129]	No Specific Order
	Paper Magazine's Most Beautiful People^[130]	No Specific Order
	Billboard's Hottest Music Stars Under 21^[126]	No. 3
2012	AskMen's Top 99 Women^[131]	No. 14
	AskMen's Top 99 Women (UK)^[132]	No. 33
	People Magazine's Most Beautiful Look-alikes^[133]	No. 3
	FHM's 100 Sexiest Women in the World^[134]	No. 75
	Glamour Magazine's Best Dressed Women in the World (UK)^[135]	No. 33
	Maxim's Hot 100^[136]	No. 24

Persondata
Name	Gomez, Selena
Alternative names	Gomez, Selena Marie
Short description	Actress, singer
Date of birth	July 22, 1992
Place of birth	Grand Prairie, Texas, United States
Date of death
Place of death

Adam Sandler
Sandler in February 2011
Born	Adam Richard Sandler (1966-09-09) September 9, 1966 (age 45) Brooklyn, New York, United States
Nationality	American
Occupation	Actor, comedian, musician, songwriter, screenwriter, film producer
Years active	1987–present
Influenced by	Mel Brooks, Bill Murray, Rodney Dangerfield^[1]
Spouse	Jacqueline "Jackie" Titone (2003–present)
Children	2
Website
adamsandler.com

Year	Title	Role	Notes
1989	Going Overboard	Schecky Moskowitz
1992	Shakes the Clown	Dink the Clown
1993	Coneheads	Carmine
1994	Airheads	Pip
1994	Mixed Nuts	Louie
1995	Billy Madison	Billy Madison	Also writer Nominated – MTV Movie Award for Best Comedic Performance
1996	Happy Gilmore	Happy Gilmore	Also writer MTV Movie Award for Best Fight Nominated – MTV Movie Award for Best Comedic Performance Nominated – Razzie Award for Worst Actor (also for Bulletproof)
1996	Bulletproof	Archie Moses	Nominated – Razzie Award for Worst Actor
1998	The Wedding Singer	Robbie Hart	Blockbuster Entertainment Award for Favorite Actor – Comedy (also for The Waterboy) MTV Movie Award for Best Kiss Nominated – American Comedy Award for Funniest Actor in a Motion Picture (leading role) Nominated – MTV Movie Award for Best Comedic Performance Nominated – MTV Movie Award for Best On-Screen Duo
	Dirty Work	Satan (uncredited)	Cameo appearance
	The Waterboy	Robert "Bobby" Boucher Jr.	Also executive producer and writer Blockbuster Entertainment Award for Favorite Actor – Comedy (also for The Wedding Singer) Kids' Choice Award for Favorite Movie Actor MTV Movie Award for Best Comedic Performance Nominated – MTV Movie Award for Best Male Performance Nominated – Razzie Award for Worst Actor
1999	Big Daddy	Sonny Koufax	Also executive producer and writer Blockbuster Entertainment Award for Favorite Actor – Comedy Kids' Choice Award for Favorite Movie Actor MTV Movie Award for Best Comedic Performance People's Choice Award for Favorite Motion Picture Star in a Comedy Razzie Award for Worst Actor Nominated – MTV Movie Award for Best Male Performance Nominated – MTV Movie Award for Best On-Screen Duo (shared with Cole and Dylan Sprouse) Nominated – Razzie Award for Worst Screenplay Nominated – Teen Choice Award for Choice Movie Actor
1999	Deuce Bigalow: Male Gigolo	Robert Justin (voice)	Cameo appearance
2000	Little Nicky	Nicky	Also executive producer and writer Nominated – Razzie Award for Worst Actor Nominated – Razzie Award for Worst Screenplay
2001	The Animal	Townie	Cameo appearance Executive producer
2002	Mr. Deeds	Longfellow Deeds	Also executive producer Kids' Choice Award for Favorite Movie Actor Nominated – MTV Movie Award for Best Comedic Performance Nominated – Razzie Award for Worst Actor Nominated – Teen Choice Award for Film – Choice Actor, Comedy
	Punch-Drunk Love	Barry Egan	Gijón Internation Film Festival Award for Best Actor Chlotrudis Award for Best Actor Nominated – Golden Globe Award for Best Actor - Motion Picture Musical or Comedy Nominated – MTV Movie Award for Best Kiss Nominated – Satellite Award for Best Actor - Motion Picture Musical or Comedy
	Eight Crazy Nights	Davey Stone (voice)	Also producer and writer Kids' Choice Award for Favorite Voice from an Animated Movie
	A Day with the Meatball	Himself	Short film
	The Hot Chick	Mambuza Bongo Guy (uncredited)	Cameo appearance Executive producer
2003	Anger Management	Dave Buznik	Also executive producer
	Pauly Shore Is Dead	Himself	Documentary
	Stupidity	Himself	Documentary
	The Couch	Couch Testing Guy	Short film
2004	50 First Dates	Henry Roth	Also executive producer Kids' Choice Award for Favorite Movie Actor MTV Movie Award for Best On-Screen Team (shared with Drew Barrymore) People's Choice Award for Favorite On-Screen Chemistry (shared with Drew Barrymore) Nominated – MTV Movie Award for Best Male Performance
2004	Spanglish	John Clasky
2005	The Longest Yard	Paul Crewe	Also executive producer People's Choice Award for Favorite Funny Male Star Nominated – MTV Movie Award for Best Comedic Performance Nominated – People's Choice Award for Favorite Leading Man
2005	Deuce Bigalow: European Gigolo	Javier Sandooski (uncredited)	Cameo appearance Producer
2006	Click	Michael Newman	Also producer Kids' Choice Award for Favorite Male Movie Star Nominated – MTV Movie Award for Best Comedic Performance Nominated – People's Choice Award for Favorite Funny Male Star
2007	Reign Over Me	Charlie Fineman
2007	I Now Pronounce You Chuck and Larry	Charles "Chuck" Levine	Also executive producer Nominated – MTV Movie Award for Best Comedic Performance Nominated – People's Choice Award for Favorite Funny Male Star Nominated – Razzie Award for Worst Actor Nominated – Razzie Award for Worst Screen Couple (shared with Kevin James and Jessica Biel)
2008	You Don't Mess with the Zohan	Zohan Dvir	Also producer and writer
2008	Bedtime Stories	Skeeter Bronson	Also producer Nominated – Kids' Choice Award for Favorite Movie Actor
2009	Funny People	George Simmons
2009	The Shortcut		Executive producer
2010	Grown Ups	Lenny Feder	Also producer and writer
2011	Just Go with It	Dr. Daniel "Danny" Maccabee	Also producer Razzie Award for Worst Actor Teen Choice Award for Favorite Movie Chemistry (shared with Jennifer Aniston) Nominated- Razzie Award for Worst Screen Couple (shared with Brooklyn Decker and Jennifer Aniston)
	Zookeeper	Donald the Capuchin Monkey (voice)	Also producer
	Bucky Larson: Born to Be a Star		Writer and Producer Nominated - Razzie Award for Worst Screenplay
	Jack and Jill	Jack/Jill Sadelstein	Also producer and writer Kids Choice Award for Favorite Movie Actor Razzie Award for Worst Actor Razzie Award for Worst Actress Razzie Award for Worst Screenplay Razzie Award for Worst Screen Couple (shared with Katie Holmes, Al Pacino, and himself) Razzie Award for Worst Ensemble
2012	That's My Boy	Donny Levine	Also producer
2012	Hotel Transylvania	Dracula (voice)
2013	Grown Ups 2	Lenny Feder	Also Producer ^[24]

Year	Title	Role	Notes
1987–1990	Remote Control	Stud Boy	TV game show
1987–1988	The Cosby Show	Smitty	Season 4, episode 11 "Dance Mania" Season 4, episode 12 "The Locker Room" Season 4, episode 16 "The Visit" Season 4, episode 23 "The Prom"
1990	The Marshall Chronicles	Usher	Season 1, episode 5 "Brightman SATyricon"
1990	ABC Afterschool Special	Drug Dealer	Season 19, episode 2 "Testing Dirty"
1991–1995	Saturday Night Live	Various
2001	Undeclared	Himself	Season 1, episode 6 "The Assistant"
2003	Couch	Couch Testing Guy
2005	Getaway	Henry Roth	Season 14, episode 20 "Found"
2007	The King of Queens	Jeff "The Beast" Sussman	Season 9, episode 9 "Mild Bunch"

Title	Year	Notes
They're All Gonna Laugh at You!	1993	2× Platinum
What the Hell Happened to Me?	1996	2× Platinum
What's Your Name?	1997	Gold
Stan and Judy's Kid	1999	Gold
Shhh...Don't Tell	2004

Persondata
Name	Sandler, Adam Richard
Alternative names
Short description	American comedian, producer, and musician.
Date of birth	September 9, 1966
Place of birth	Brooklyn, New York, US
Date of death
Place of death

Hotel (2003)

Actors

Director

Hotel

Cast

Make changes yourself !

Make changes yourself !

Make changes yourself !

Make changes yourself !

Make changes yourself !

Make changes yourself !

Contents

Contents

Contents

Contents

[edit] 2002–06: Barney & Friends and early work

[edit] 2007–09: Wizards of Waverly Place and Selena Gomez & The Scene

[edit] 2010–2011:Theatrical film debut, A Year Without Rain and When The Sun Goes Down

Contents