Amol آمل
—  city  —
Ancient names: Ask, Amardha, Amardian, Tabaristan, Amele, Amol
Amol
Coordinates: 36°28′11″N 52°21′03″E / 36.46972°N 52.35083°E / 36.46972; 52.35083Coordinates: 36°28′11″N 52°21′03″E / 36.46972°N 52.35083°E / 36.46972; 52.35083
Country	Iran
Province	Mazandaran
County	Amol
Bakhsh	Central
Incorporated (city)	1923[1]
Government
• Mayor	Amir soleimani[1]
Elevation	76 m (249 ft)
Population (2006)
• Total	199,470
Time zone	IRST (UTC+3:30)
Postal code	46131-46391[2]
Area code(s)	+98 121
Website	amol.org.ir

Amol (Persian: آمل‎ – [ɒmol];  pronunciation (help·info);^{[missing stress]} also Romanized as Āmol and Amul)^[3] is a city in and the capital of Amol County, Mazandaran Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 197,470, in 55,183 families.^[4] Amol and the old part of town is the first of the four towns that populate the world in which there is Nzamyh. Amol is a city of strategic accounts from beginning to end.Shia state in the world was first built in Amol. In the 5th century AH, Nizam al-Mulk, in his famous book named "Seer-ul-moluok", recommended creation of modern institutions by the name of Nezamiah with academic status in the big famous cities of Islamic world as Balkh, Baghdad, Damascus, Neishabour, and Bukhara. The name of Amol was also included among them.Most of Allameh the scientific world are born in this city and the cultural capital of the world is Amol.Gold and copper have been expensive and time-old Amol, Amol has been the commercial center Iran.

Amol is located on the Haraz river bank. It is less than 20 kilometres (12 mi) south of the Caspian sea and less than 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) north of the Alborz mountains. It is 180 kilometres (110 mi) from Tehran, and 60 kilometres (37 mi) east of the provincial capital, Sari.Amol is Best Nature & History Iran.^[5] is a city in and the capital of Amol County, Mazandaran Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 197,470, in 55,183 families.^[4]

Etymology and history[link]

The extent of the Parthian Empire (shaded territory)

Map of the Median Empire (600 BC) showing the relative locations of the Amardian tribe

Davazdah Cheshmeh Bridge in Amol. This brick made bridge spans over the Haraz River in the city center of Amol, connecting the east of the city to the western section. It is 120 m. in length. The arches rest on rectangular pillars which are at a distance of 6 m. from each other. In a section a breakwater has been erected. This bridge was constructed in the 18th century A.D. and was brought under repair in the 19th century, by Mirza Shafi Mazandarani, a minister of Nasseredin Shah. This bridge has played a role, not only towards the vitality of the city, but also in respect to its spectacular architectural effect. It is a land mark in the history of Mazandaran, Iran. See 360° view^[6]

View of the City of Amol

Map of the Alavid emirate with Amol as their capital

Silver gilt Tabaristan Amol

Amol in the time Ashkanian and Amardian Iranian capital was.Amol date due to a specific mythology date is marked in Iran is. Amol is an old city, with its age dating back to the Amards & Ashkanian. Amards were the people inhabiting the area before the arrival of Aryans. Many scholars believe that the city's name is rooted in the word Amard (Amui in Pahlavi). According to historical literature, Amol was the capital of Mazandaran, at least in the period starting from Sassanian Empire to the Ilkhanate dynasty of Mongol Empire.in the Old time greatest impact of floods and earthquakes Amol viwe.Amol is the largest city in northern Iran.

Some historians in the past have associated this ancient city with the periods of the Pishdadians and the Kianians. In respect to the relics and coins found in this region, this city can be said to be the capital of this territory during the Sassanid era. The inhabitants of Amol city embraced Islam during the reign of Mahdi, the Abbasi Caliph, after which Islamic structures came into focus here. But after the Mongol invasion, the region was subject to devastation and it was during this time that Sary was declared as capital. In the beginning of the 7th century A.H., Hessam-edin Ardeshir, shifted the capital from Sary to Amol, and constructed his palace there. But in the year 795 A.H., the cities of Amol and Sary were plundered by Amir Teimoor Gurkani, and thereafter Amol suffered a setback. The great scholar and religious personality (translator of The Holy Qoran), Mohammad Ebne Jarir Tabari is from Amol city. The modern city of Amol stands to the north of the site of the ancient city.^[7]

In January 1982 Amol was the site of a failed armed insurrection against Iran's Islamist government by Sarbedaran, the armed wing of the Union of Iranian Communists.^[8]

Today, Amol is a thriving modern metropolis.^[9]

Population[link]

History^[10]:

Breakdown of 2006 census^[4]:

Amol Viwe

In literature[link]

In the Persian epic, Shahnameh, Mazandaran is mentioned in two different sections. The first mention is implicit, when Fereydun sets its capital in a city called Amol:

بیاراست گیتی بسان بهشت.................... به جای گیا سرو گلبن بکشت

از آمل گذر سوی تمیشه کرد .............. نشست اندر آن نامور بیشه کرد

Arash Kamangir[link]

Champion Iran Arash in Amol Threw Tir Name of Division championship M. Archer. M. In the last period of his reign fighting the ruler of Turan, Afrasiyab, was inevitable. Afrasiab was the first defeat of M. But then it began to Mazandaran Pnahyd the Iranian prowess Thierry descended EXECUTED AN comes loose and there is the border of Iran and Turan, an Iranian athlete Arash name of Mount Damavand from morning until noon Thierry Sung and gone ashore landed and was known as the Oxus Oxus. Avesta, the best shooter in the "Arkh I." called and believed that the meaning is arash. The Archer's Tabari "Arash Shatyn" calls and speculated Nvldkh Tshyf including Avestan word "Khshvvy Ayshv» Bashdchh meaning "God is accelerating in the Tir" is an adjective or a nickname that was Arash. And other Brvayt Alnv ground paste (Asfndarmz) bow and arrow and said to A. But whoever it is this arrow Dvrprtab Sung dies instead. Arash and cried with the knowledge and July Asfndarmz Bmrg for tolerance and expansion of the Iranian border, as they are told and Bmrd Sung. (The History of Ancient Iran Hassan Pirnia Manouchehr and Afrasiyab march and sent to him several times without loss of the albino had Zansvtr Oxus, Afrasiyab so with a trooper and a couple of years so Byamd M. and Sam and Zal were absent Tabarestan involved in the fence and fell to the Persian month Tir Khrslh Arash and get into the castle and its agents Amol Aqaba border with [the] Turan called. (Synopsis Altvarykh)

از آن خوانند آرش را کمانگیر

که از آمل بمرو انداخت یک تیر

In another poem describing Amol, Amol they beautiful and all the people philosopher And have strong.

رسیدم به آمل شهر هفت رنگ همه شاعر و عارف و مرد جنگ

بزرگان ایران زمین و همگان شهیر ز میر حیدر ، فخر رازی و ابن جریر

under the title Arash^[11]

Natural attractions[link]

Mount Damavand, 5671m, the highest point in the Middle East, is located in Larijan district of Amol.

Mount Damavand, 5610m, the highest point in the Middle East

Lar and Damavand Mountains These mountains form the two branch ranges of the central Alborz Mountains, and are the highest sections of this range. To the north, after the Kahu (Sefid Ab) Pass, in the village of Garmabdar (district of Roodbar-e-Qasran), it divides into two, the northwestern and southeastern ranges. The southwestern sector includes the peaks of Takht-e-Khers and Seh Sang, extending towards the west, where the gigantic Damavand Peak is visible. In the southeastern sector, after running along the plains of Lar, the famous peaks of Haft Saran are apparent, and to the south of these plains are the peaks of Mehr Chal, Atashkadeh, Siyah Chal and Maaz. In the southeastern direction it joins the Khansak and Shad Kooh Mountains.

Haraz River: The Haraz River takes its source in the skirts of the Alborz Mountains in the region of Larijan. After flowing along the Haraz Road and Valley for about 100 km. it meanders in the midst of the city of Amol, from where it reaches the Caspian Sea. The fringes of this river are utilized as recreational areas as well as for fishing.

Forests: Amol, with its elevated landscape and valleys, has dense forests. Its tall hills overlook the plains and stretch out till the high slopes of the Damavand Mountains. The majestic and deep rocky valleys, rivers, numerous springs, elevated waterfalls, colorful vegetation, a variety of wild life, thermal springs, summer quarters, and rural settlements are some of the special factors which can prove attractive.

Mirza Khan Forest Park: Mirza Khan Forest Park is located 18 km. on the Amol - Tehran road, to the west of the Haraz River.

Ab Esk (Larijan) Thermal Springs: Ab Esk (Larijan) Thermal Springs is located in a village by the same name in the district of Larijan. Surrounding this spring are limestone deposits which, through the passage of time, turn into marble. The water from this spring is useful in the treatment of chronic wounds and skin diseases.

Amoloo Mineral Water Spring: The water from this spring can be used for drinking purposes, and is useful in treating gastro-intestinal disorders and skin diseases.

Aab Garm , Aabe Garm , or Abe Garm-e Larijan Thermal Springs: This thermal spring is near Rineh. Bathing in its spring hot water reduces muscle and joint pain, helps in reducing inflammation and increases joint mobility associated with arthritis and DISH (Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Hyperostosis, or Forestier Disease). Its water is also used in the treatment of joint disorders, skin diseases and infections.

Alamol Waterfall: Alamol Waterfall flows from the northern slopes of the Damavand Mountains, and is more than 100 m. in height. The massive output of water from this waterfall forms a spray-like mist in the air.

Rineh Thermal Springs This thermal spring is near the Rineh village (Larijan). Its water is used in the treatment of joint disorders, skin diseases and infections.

Kaoon Kaoon is one of the 4000 m plus peaks that rise to the west of the Haraz Valley near Mt. Damavand in the Central Alborz Mountains of northern Iran. Kaoon is the highest of a small group of six peaks that are bound to the south by the Sesang River and to the north by a branch of the Paniri River. These peaks include:

Yakhi Waterfall This waterfall is spectacular in that it is completely frozen, and is at an elevation of 5,100 m. in the vicinity of the Dood Kooh Mountains near the Damavand Peak. The same has a height of 70 m. and is 3 m. in girth which is in a state of constant increment. This increase is due to the trickle of water from the melting glacier above it, in the summer months at noon. This trickle flows alongside the waterfall, thereby adding to it. The same continues for a short while and soon freezes. The said waterfall is one of the few of its kind in the world.

Qal'eh Dokhtar Spring, Plure The water of this spring is of light and cold calcium bi-carbonate group with neutral PH . Proves good for gastro-intestinal disorders.

Gol-e-Zard Cave has cave is located in the beautiful plains of Lar. Inside the cave there is a picturesque scene of stalactites and stalagmites. It is covered by cacium carbonate and beam light of mountaineers exhibits its beauty and charm. Within the cave a few small pools of cold water are seen at irregular intervals.

larijan Hot water (Abgarm Larijan) Due to specific requirements in terms of geology, particularly around Mount Damavand in the Alborz slopes, there are therapeutic mineral waters with different properties, most notably in a series of attractive spa village is created. Welcome to the village and the summer weather is warm on the slopes of Mount Damavand. Road access to the tourist route lie within 70 km in the city of Amol is connected to which lie in the tourist town of Amol connected to the main road from the place of Gazank larijan sector and the West In mountainous asphalted road and after passing through the village continues to Gazanh hot summer looks. This village with thermal hot mineral water at about 62 degrees and a sulfur-rich materials, so to treat various skin diseases, bone pain, arthritis and rheumatism is useful. Ten kilometers away larijan hot springs are located. In this embodiment of the hot water bath with small baths are constructed and people can use hot water, room to rent.Spa and health benefits،The geographical and historical writings of ancient hot springs known for their healing properties mentioned in.^[12]

Lar Dam Lake Lar Lake is in the Mazandaran is at, and due to its proximity to Mount Damavand it creates a cool and pleasant climate as well as beautiful landscapes. The lake provides the scope for water sports such as swimming and Waterskiing.

Lar Waterfall One of the important attractions of Lar is its waterfall, located near the village of Vana. This waterfall is endowed with spectacular beauty.

Golden Park Amol

• Haraz Natural Park ( 20km on Heraz Road)
• Ab Ask and Abgarm Larijan hot springs
• Lar tulip valley, and mount Damavand the highest peak in the Middle East.
• New natural Parks ( under construction)
• Godel Park of the Center City
• Deryuk Lake and Plain Namarestagh
• The Ziyar Waterfall, (Ab-e-Sheikh Ali Khan)
• Shahandasht village
• Sahoon Lake, which has more than 1,000 hectares
• The source of iron in hot water with AltaVista larijan
• Hot spring water in the water sector AltaVista larijan
• Mineral water Astrabakoo village near Bayjan
• Sahoon Lake with the area of over 1,000 hectares,
• Ab-e-Ahan or Ab-e-Farangi thermal spring in the upper part of Ab-e-Ask village in Larijan, and other thermal springs in the same village,
• Several other thermal springs,
• Shahandash waterfall in Larijan, Timreh waterfall in Amol,
• Poroomad Waterfall in Shams-Abad of Larijan,
• Kohareh Waterfall
• Waterfall Robat Aval
• Sange Darka Waterfall
• Lehra Plain
• Lasem Waterfall
• Baliran Water and Nature
• Espahbood Khorshid cave in Doab cross, Haraz road.^[13]

Historical attractions[link]

Sayed se tan tomb tower

Mir Bozorg Tomb

• Sayyid Mir Heydar Tomb

tomb tower seyed se tan in the Amol Old Bazaar is located a tall tower is .tomb Sufi mystic, Sheikh Baha al-Din Sayed Haider Bin Ali Bin Haider Amuli, known as Mir haydar Amoli or allameh Mir Haider (born: 720 AH Amol, died: 794) and Sufi mystic and commentator Twelver Shiite eighth century. He is a descendant of Mazandaran Alavian Nsbsh to Sajjad (fourth Shia Imam).

• Mir Bozorg Tomb (Mir Ghavam-O-Din Maraashi Mausoleum)^[14]

This structure is one of the important historical constructions of Mazandaran. The original structure was square in shape, and was constructed in the 8th century A.H. But the current one is related to the Safavid era, that is the 11th century A.H. Here the internal appearance, facade, adornments, tile work, and particularly the entrance door is of great historical value. Holy phrases have been inscribed in the kufic script, on glazed bricks on the internal part of the dome, thus adorning the same.^[15]

• Tower tomb of Shams al-Rasul

Tall tower is the tomb of the philosopher and physician, Iran Muhammad ibn Mahmud Amuli.Rabino Historian large writes dome and the dome-shaped tower is circular.Budy Iranian philosopher and physician and scholar Shams al-Rasul that had been buried here.

• Ashraf Bath

The same has been constructed in the 12th century A.H. and is presently located in the Niaki Mahaleh of Amol. The structure has three large domes and seven small domes. This bath has two Khazeenehs or pool like areas, one containing warm and the other cold water. Besides it has an area resembling a cloak-room, known as the Sarbeeneh. The structure has been constructed of stone and brick, with ancient architectural effects. The same is the only old bath remaining in the city of Amol.^[16]

Jameh Mosque of Amol

• Jameh Mosque of Amol

The same is located in the Masjed Jameh' Mahaleh of Amol. Its primary structure dates to the first century A.H. Currently, this mosque has a square courtyard with constructions on the four sides. The nocturnal areas to the north and south, each have six huge pillars, (similar to elephant feet), and the areas to the east and west have nine such pillars. This structure has been repaired during the Qajar reign. In the corridor of the mosque is a stone tablet with a decree of Sultan Hossein Safavid dated 1106 A.H.^[17]

• Haj Ali Kochak Mosque

The magnificent Mosque which is about three centuries ago. This is an old mosque in Amol. The building has two large minarets and a mosque with a large yard is.

• Imamzadeh Abdollah Tomb

The same is situated in the village of 'Osku Mahaleh', 12 km. southwest of Amol. The original structure was demolished in the year 1964, and a new one was erected. The sepulcher is of gold and silver, which is the work of artisans from the city of Esfahan. Other vestiges of the same are the tomb of Bibi Fatimeh and a type of remedial center. The Imamzadeh also provides facilities for pilgrims, in addition to a bazaar and other constructions around it.^[18]

• Amol Bazar

Old Iran Bazar This bazaar situated in the city center, has lost some of its former importance due to social, economic and historical reasons. The roofs of the shops here are made of earthenware tiles on an incline so as to be a protection against the sun and rain. The open spaces within, are used to set up weekly bazaars. Most of the commodities on sale are handicrafts and local products. It is a place worth visiting.^[19]

• Imamzadeh Hashem

Imamzadeh Hashem shrine Haraz road. The shrine at the highest point on the road and in the necks of the same name is located. His ancestry to Imam Hasan Mojtaba reach. Shrine Hashim, one of the major attractions of Iran's religious is.

• Shekleh Shah

In the Bandborideh Pass, a portrait of Naser al-Din Shah Qajar along with other engravings, have been etched on the skirts of the mountains overlooking the Haraz River. This portrait which shows the monarch on a horse, surrounded by the courtiers, and the other inscriptions is 8 m. in length. Around the said engraving is a poetical engraving in the beautiful Na'staliq script.

• Imamzadeh Ebrahim Tomb

The same is a four-sided brick structure with a pyramid like shaped dome. On the door and wooden chest there in, are carved inscriptions with the date 925 A.H. The texts of the said inscriptions are related to Abu Mohammad Ebrahim, the offspring of Imam Moosa Kazem. Apart from the spectacular architectural techniques this structure displays, its wooden relics such as the chest and doors, adornments and inscriptions related to the Qajar period are interesting features. There is a written account of the arrival of Imamzadeh Ebrahim to Amol and his martyrdom here.

Gol-e-Zard Cave

• Malek Bahman Castle

The massive castle fortress of the Alborz mountains in Haraz road larijan the city and overlooking the village Shahandasht Amol is located 75 kilometers south of the castle belonging to the rulers Padvsban years (045 1 to 1005) AH embryos light, and government had. Castle built on a cliff about 220 meters above the land surface of the carcass Shahandsht large and small stones and mortar, plaster, made it to class and class rooms and different parts of the building. Bahman Castle Road property lie in the local village called kings or is plain. So that's a lot of work has gone on, many words have been spoken in the historical books. Called Qala February - Qla property and several other names, but these monuments have always called it the Persian month Bahman have known about the property. The narrator of the books I read have mentioned that in the year 1005 AD by Shah Abbas envoys had been destroyed. There is plenty of water next to the castle and the fruit tree, the gifts of the castle are in different eras. North Castle is a beautiful waterfall on the side that makes it hard to enter, and on the east side of the cliff to the castle is difficult because it appears between the two central-western and south western entrance to the castle bridge over the river and waterfall is the way to the castle is part of the layout but it does not taste anything else. At the foot of the castle, but Derby has a large pallidus that is going to move it to the fifty men of war must be brought. Around the castle there is evidence that some of the construction period, this fort has been made to the technical Mazandaran Archaeology and information from the package back to the e.

• Heshtel Tower Tower heshtel tombs has sets five Tower of Amol in Iran, which is the largest of the Qasim ibn Ali, who had been killed in the war with Timurid. Area is a cemetery and a green space with tall trees, the towers are arranged together to form a triangle is.
• Kafar Koli stone houses

made ​​in mountain carved in stone mountain that has been used to monitor the status of elders.Ibn Esfandiar Ibn Katib Tabaristan book, tracking 57, from a place called Verde (Varkoh) which means shelters and caves in the mountains, how has that as examples of "Varha" some place in the villages and mountains larijan embryos with the public in the name of "general infidel" are called.

• Agha Abbas Mosque

The mosque is located in East neighborhoods, mosques, ancient city of Amol is taken into account. The present building is a mosque belonging to the Safavid period in the early Qajar Mrmthay it was carried on. Mosque in the northern side of the portico above the entrance is decorated with a beautiful octagonal minaret is brickwork. The present building dates from the mosque minaret is more likely to say that somehow Mnarhay Mosque and Imam Hassan Askari (AS) is derived from it. Rectangular courtyard and a mosque in the southern and western Shbstanhayy there. South West Four Fylpa bedchamber bedchamber and six Fylpa is in the middle. Northern side of the mosque adjacent to the shops Pyshamdgy Rahrvst and in northern and western sides of buildings using wood, Hjrhhayy challenges for the scholars. Chamber, and minaret with the northern side is Rahplh.

• Caravanserai Kamboj and Tang Sefid Ab

Caravanserai Kamboj (Gamboush) is related to the Qajar era and the city of Amol,larijan sector, region, and the pleural cavity of a large caravanserai,is and Tang Sefid Ab of the Lar.

• Imamzadeh Ghasem(Imamzadeh Qasim Shrine)

Imamzadeh Qasim shrine building belonging to the eighth century AH, and in the neighborhood and adjacent Old Bazar Amol located martyr Blvd. Beheshti. In terms of the plan has features that make it unique, . 8 sided building with a dome on a page is short on bricks with mortar, it has been on the decorations. Above Taqnmaha three cornice pigeon breast is seen. Sfalpvsh the roof and the entrance is located to the east. Tuesday wooden skylight window, in the northern and southern and western sides is built. In a short tower and a courtyard of a mosque is a cemetery there.

• The Sar monthly fort(Mahane Sar)

The high fortress in the city center of Amol and monitor Marashian the state of war has been. ^{[20][21][22] [23] [24]}

Historical Bridge[link]

• Davazdah Cheshmeh

This brick made bridge spans over the Haraz River in the city center of Amol, connecting the east of the city to the western section. It is 120 m. in length. The arches rest on rectangular pillars which are at a distance of 6 m. from each other. In a section a breakwater has been erected. This bridge was constructed in the 18th century A.D. and was brought under repair in the 19th century, by Mirza Shafi Mazandarani, a minister of Nasseredin Shah. This bridge has played a role, not only towards the vitality of the city, but also in respect to its spectacular architectural effect. It is a land mark in the history of Mazandaran.^[25]

• Moalagh Bridge

Bridge Felezi

Bridge Felezi Or Moalagh bridg Bridge Persian(پل فلزی), the city of Amol is Bridge the Pahlavi period, Alongside the bridge is located Davazdah Cheshmeh. Two magnificent bridges together on the Haraz River. The bridge style is the Bridge Large Iran.

Tourism Felezi Bridge[link]

transport, accommodation in the city park and open space under the bridge and the accommodation of travelers and leisure tourists Haraz River is located.

Mansions and historic homes[link]

Amol, most historic homes and a beautiful House which houses the most famous, Haj Ali Khan, home Manouchehri, Imperial House, home of the Haji Mehdi Soltan And Shafaeei are is.

Administrative divisions[link]

Amol is a Shahrestan (county) in Mazandaran, consisting of two Bakhshs (districts): Central and Larijan. The capital of the central bakhsh is Amol city and the capital of Larijan bakhsh is Rineh.

Many of the Amoli people have their own summer houses in Larijan, the mountainous southern part of the greater Amol. Some of the villages in Larijan include: Ab Ask, Abgarm, Amiri, Baijan, Chelav, Era, Gazaneh, Lasem, Namarestagh, Nava, Nyak, Polour, Rineh, and Shahandasht.

Historical and Touristic Attractions[link]

• Mashhad Mirbozorg (Mir Ghavam-O-Din Maraashi Mausoleum^[26]
• Mohammad Taher Shrine^[27]
• Naser-Ol-Hagh Mausoleum^[28]
• Mir Heydar Amoli Mauseleum (Seyyed Setan Shrine)^[29]

Ceremonies and rituals[link]

• Varfe Chaal Ceremony

Varfe Chaal Ceremony is among the folkloric ceremonies on water, specially belongs to Mazandaran Province, which is believed to be originally from the Ask village at the vicinity of Amol city on Haraz road. This interesting old ceremony is held on Friday at the first half of may when the reminder snow on the area is melting. the elder of the village announce the time and site of the ceremony to the public.

On the specified Friday, all men leave the village after breakfast with a luggage of their lunch and fruits and tea for the domains of Damavand Mountain. According the ceremony, all men are needed to leave the village, none of them is allowed to remainor return; women do all affairs at the village.Women gather at public places like mosques at the village and do entertaining programs and games. They bar any man entering the village; if one ignores the warnings by women and enters the village, he will be badly punished and beated by wood by women.

As the men reach the specified site covered by snow, they separate pieces of snow y can. Locals and carry them into a big hole, called Varfe Chaal which means the snow hole, as much as they can. Locals believe that the hole was hug by a man called Seyyed Hasan Vali whose tomb is in Niak Village and people make pilgrimage there.After filling the hole with snow, men have their lunch, fruits and tea, then say prayers and leave there for village.The Varfe Chaal ceremony is originally held to confront the water shortage in summer. As people do husbandry in the region, they store snow at the hole to ensure enough water for them and the herds as well. Husbandry is not practiced in the area actively as before, however, the traditional Varfe Chaal ceremony is held enthusiastically every year.

• Tiregān
  

Tiregân also known as Jashn-e Tiregân (The feast of Tiregan) is an ancient Iranian festival،coinciding with the mid summer festivals.The feast of Tiregan is an ancient Iranian in the Amol, celebration which is still celebrated among Iranian Zoroastrians and some Muslims in Mazandaran.

• Music
  

Mazandaran has a diverse folk music culture that includes songs and instrumental and ritual music.And Amiri Style.

Climate[link]

Panorama Damavand Amol

Economy[link]

Paddy Rice field Amol

Rice, grain, fruits, cotton, tea, tobacco, sugarcane, silk, caviar, dairy products, meat products and mineral water. The Rice Research Institute of Iran is in Amol.

Ultra Quality Rice and Fresh Fruits are major products of Amol Farmers. 65% Economics Mazandaran. Pottery is the material from which the potteryware is made, of which major types include earthenware, stoneware and porcelain. The place where such wares are made is also called a pottery (plural "potteries"). Pottery also refers to the art or craft of the potter or the manufacture of pottery.^[31]

Some famous companies[link]

• Garma Electric Garma Electric is a Persian E.P.C company.
• DESA (company) Iran Heavy Diesel Manufacturing Company DESA.
• Kalleh Amol Meat Company (Solico)]^[32]
• Kalleh Amol Dairy Co Company^[33]
• Peyman Group Amol^[34]
• FZ.CO Iran^[35]
• Delveseh Group^[36]
• Sepidan Asia^[37]
• Iranian Money Printing T A K A B^[38]
• Haraz Dairy Co^[39]
• Broiler Production Integration^[40]
• Abeskoon^[41]
• NASAJI Babakan^[42]
• Tanbaco Khazar^[43]
• Polur Mineral Water Mazandaran^[44]
• Nestle IRAN of the Amol^[45]
• Amolo Mineral water^[46]

Caspian Horse

Caspian Horse[link]

The Caspian is a small horse breed native to Northern Iran. Although its original height probably ranged between 9 and 11.2 hands high, (36”- 46”) it is termed a horse rather than a pony because, size apart, it has much in common with horses. It is believed to be one of the oldest horse or pony breeds in the world, descended from small Mesopotamian equines that, in competition with larger animals, had faded from attention by the 7th century AD. They were brought to public notice again when re-discovered in 1965 by Louise Firouz, an American-born breeder of Iranian horses living in Iran.

Notable people[link]

Notable figures of the past:

• Scholars: Muhammad ibn Jarir al-Tabari, Mir Sayyid Haydar Amoli, Fakhr al-Din al-Razi, Abū Sahl al-Qūhī, Abdul-Qadir Gilani, Muhammad ibn Mahmud Amuli, Ali ibn Sahl Rabban al-Tabari, Abul Hasan al-Tabari, Omar Tiberiades, Al-Natili, Mohammad Taqi Danesh Pajouh
• Poets: Taleb Amoli
• Royalty: Abbas Mirza
• Mythical figures: Arash Kamangir
• Clerics: Hashem Amoli

Contemporary Figures:

• Musicians: Farhang Sharif
• Scholars: Iraj Malekpour
• Politicians: Ali Larijani, Sadeq Larijani, Fatemeh Javadi
• Clerics: Allameh Javadi Amoli, Allameh Hasanzadeh Amoli

Other notable figures include: Marashian, Mulla Ali Kani, Sharif al-olama Mazandarani, Emad Tabarsi, Mohammad Taghi Amoli, Ibn Esfandiar, Yahya Ibn Mansour, Haseb Tabari, Abul Abbas Ghasab Amoli, Emad al din Tabari, Sayyed Razi Larijani , Seraj Ghamari, Ali Ibn Tuwsi Tabari, Ibn Ishragh, Sheikh Largani, Abu al Ghasem Farsiu, Khosro Motazed, Sultan al olama Amuli, Sufi Mazandarani, Sheikh ul Islam, Khalil ibn Bakr Amoli, Abolhassan Shams abadi, Himad Tabari, Mirza Shafie Mazandarani, Latif Larijani, Ahmad Moshir Al-Saltaneh, Javad Fazel, Fazel Larijani, Malek Bahman Dovom, Mohammad Ali Sajjadi, Abbas Amiri, Mohammad Ibn Ali Yazdadi, Ibn Fourk, Mohammad Ibn Ali Tabari, Sheikh Khalifa Mazandarani, Shah Balow Zahed, Mulla Saleh Mazandarani, Ghasem Ibn Ali Tabari, Rukn ad-din Amoli, Najm u din Amoli, Salim Amoli, Abu Ali Hassan Zajjaji Tabari, Muhammad ibn Ismaeil Bukhari, Mirza Ibrahim Mazandarani, Mohammad Ibn Ali Amoli, Abu Abdollah Hossein Ibn Ali Tabari, Ballal Amoli, Shojja al-din Amoli, Ghazi Hajjim Amoli, Shams al Odaba, Sheikh Pishnamaz, Fekrat Larijani, Mohammad Ibn Jarir Rostam Tabari, Ollia Allah Amoli, Zahir al-Din Marashi, Javad Fazel, Abollfazl Lesani, Monfared Niaky, Kamal al-din Bana Amoli, Abu Tayeb Taher Ibn Abdollah Tabari, Toranji Tabari, Harun Ibn Aghtah Amuli

Language[link]

Amoli People Speak Mazandarani language Tabari as a mother tongue, plus Farsi as the national language of Iran.

Haraz River

Transport[link]

By air[link]

the first airport helicopter rescue in Iran in City Amol is.

By train[link]

Fast Train north, Tehran and Amol of 2012 starts and 2020 ends.

By boat[link]

The port of Sorkhrod is located on the southern coast of the Mazandaran Sea.

By car[link]

input Large northern Iran international haraz road Amol is .and the largest urban boulevard and highways within mazandaran in the amol city is is.

By bus[link]

are five bus terminals, Terminal International Firuzi,The Largest Terminal North iran is.

Higher Education[link]

Amol has two universities:

• Islamic Azad University of Amol International University The big University Middle East
• Shomal University 'Most of the Middle East
• Haraz University of Amol^[47]
• Amol.ac^[48]
• Mazandaran 5^[49]
• Green University^[50]
• PNU Amol^[51]
• Sama College^[52]
• Doctor College^[53]
• INSTITO Pasteur D, iran of Amol^[54]

School[link]

• Imam Hasan Askari (A) School in Amol(Amul)
• Esra International School, began to work in 2004 and has attracted almost one hundred religious students in grades 7 to 10. Darse Kharij lessons in Fiqh and Usul will start this year.The school has two buildings equipped with educational facilities and dormitories.
• Imam Khomaini, one of the old school Iran, Germany style made is.

Hezar Sangar Statue

Contemporary Events[link]

The Jungle Uprising (Persian: قيام جنگل): In 1982 Union of Iranian Communists (Sarbedaran) mobilized its forces to jungles around Amol and started some wars against Islamic Republic from there. It finally organized a famous uprising in 25 January 1982. This uprising led to a big failure and most of UIC (S) leaders were hanged but the uprising itself became very famous and is well respected between some Iranian Leftist organizations.

As the Administrative Center of Amol county[link]

Amol is the administrative center of Amol county.

Map	District	City / RA* (Rural Agglomeration)	Villages
Caspian Sea Mahmood Abad Noor Babolsar Babol Tehran Tehran Dabu- -dasht Central Larijan Mount Damavand Amol Rineh
	Central	Amol City (c)
		Bala Khiaban Litkooh RA	Derazan, Haloomesar, Oskoo Mahalleh (c), Ziarood, ...
		Paeen Khiaban Litkooh RA	Hali Koti, Kelaksar, Marandeh (c), ...
		Chelav RA	Alimestan, Khoshevash, Kondeva, Lehash, Neshel, Razeke (c), Tiar, ...
		Haraz-Pey-e Jonoobi RA	Ahangar Kola, Aski Mahalleh, Kamangar Kola, Pasha Kola, Qadi Mahalleh (c), Qoroq, ...
	Larijan	Rineh City (c)
		Gazanak City
		Bala Larijan RA	Ab Ask, Abgarm, Akha, Amir Abad, Dinan, Enheh, Garna, Gazaneh, Gilas, Ira, Kenar Anjam, Kondeloo, Lasem, Lazirak, Malar, Nava, Niak, Polemoon, Poloor, Shahandasht, Shams Abad, Vana, Ziar, ...
		Paeen Larijan RA	Baijan (c), Haji Dela, Namar, Panjab, ...
	Dabudasht	Dabudasht City (c)
		Daboo-ye Jonoobi RA	Darzi Kola, Kachap, Kamangar Kola, Raees Abad (c), Rash Kola, ...
		Dasht-e Sar RA	Baliran, Ejbar Kola, Firooz Kola, Najjar Mahalleh (c), Pasha Kola, ...

Sport[link]

Kalleh Mazandaran Volleyball Team

Kaleh Amol VC is a volleyball club based in Amol, currently competing in the highest tier of the Iranian volleyball classification, the Iranian Volleyball Super League and Amardian FC in Azadegan League, Kalleh Amol Basketball in LIG1 Iran.

Wrestling and Volleyball[link]

Amol is the birthplace of many popular wrestlers and Volleyball athletes.

Notable wrestlers from Amol include Ghasem Rezaei, Ali Akbari, Mohsen Hajipour, Nahavandian and in volleyball, Behroz Ataei, Hasan Mansouri, Khowrasani, Adel Gholami, Khosro Ghobadi, Shah Gholam and Alireza Jadidi.

Hotel[link]

Space Hotel

• Shahrdari Hotel
• Space Hotel
• Lutos Hotel
• Larijan Hotel
• Sadaf Hotel

Gallery[link]

Mazandaran Sea   Alborz mountians   Hot Spring Amol   Yakhi Waterfall   Deryouk Waterfall   Imamzadeh Qasem   Mosalla Quds Amol   Amol 17 Shahrivar Square   Felezi (Moalagh) Bridge   Nasser Ul Haqq Tomb   Nature Jungle Ziaro Amol   Kafar Koli   Namarestagh   Imamzadeh Ibrahim   Museum history Amol   Heshtel Tower   Haraz Road(Emamzadeh Hashem)

Sister cities[link]

• Lahore
• Mineral water

References[link]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Amol (city)

External links[link]

• Tourismo Amol
• chnpress.com
• lovelyiran.com
• itto.org
• parrpirar.org
• Yourwonder Amol
• Amol Chto

History of Iran

See also: Kings of Persia · Timeline of Iran

Antiquity Prehistory Proto-Elamite period 3200–2800 Elamite dynasty 2800–550 Kassites 16th–12th cent. Mannaeans 10th–7th cent. Median Empire 728–550 Achaemenid Empire 550–330 Seleucid Empire 330–150 Parthian Empire 248 BCE–226 CE Sassanid Empire 226–651 Middle Ages Islamic conquest 637–651 Umayyad Caliphate 661–750 Abbasid Caliphate 750–1258 Tahirid dynasty 821–873 Alavid dynasty 864–928 Sajid dynasty 889/890–929 Saffarid dynasty 861–1003 Samanid dynasty 875–999 Ziyarid dynasty 928–1043 Buyid dynasty 934–1062 Sallarid 942–979 Ma'munids 995-1017 Ghaznavid Empire 963–1187 Ghori dynasty 1149–1212 Seljuq dynasty 1037–1194 Khwarezmid dynasty 1077–1231 Ilkhanate 1256–1353 Muzaffarid dynasty 1314–1393 Chupanid dynasty 1337–1357 Sarbadars 1337–1376 Jalayerid dynasty 1339–1432 Timurid dynasty 1370–1506 Qara Qoyunlu 1407–1468 Aq Qoyunlu 1378–1508 Modern history Safavid dynasty 1501–1722/36 Hotaki dynasty 1722–1729 Afsharid dynasty 1736–1750 Zand dynasty 1750–1794 Qajar dynasty 1781–1925 Pahlavi dynasty 1925–1979 Interim Government 1979–1980 Islamic Republic since 1980 view talk edit

v t e Mazandaran Province Capital Sari Counties and Cities Amol County Amol Dabudasht Gazanak Rineh Babol County Babol Amirkola Galugah Gatab Khush Rudpey Marzikola Zargarmahalleh Babolsar County Babolsar Bahnemir Kalleh Bast Behshahr County Behshahr Khalil Shahr Rostamkola Chalus County Chalus Kelardasht Marzanabad Fereydunkenar County Fereydunkenar Galugah County Galugah Juybar County Juybar Kuhi Kheyl Mahmudabad County Mahmudabad Sorkhrud Miandorud County Surak Neka County Neka Nowshahr County Nowshahr Nur County Nur Baladeh Chamestan Izadshahr Royan Qaem Shahr County Qaem Shahr Kiakola Ramsar County Ramsar Ketalem and Sadat Shahr Sari County Sari Farim Kiasar Savadkuh County Zirab Alasht Pol-e Sefid Shirgah Tonekabon County Tonekabon Abbasabad Kelarabad Khorramabad Nashtarud Salman Shahr Sights Mount Damavand Mir Bozorg Tomb Aab pari Alasht Babolsar Amol Davazdah Cheshmeh Badab-e Surt natural site Dasht-e Naz national Park Sari Larijan spa Ghermerez spa Imamzadeh Abbas Tower Resket Shahandasht Waterfall Sayyid Mir Heydar Tomb Jameh Musque of Amol Agha Abbas Mosque Farah Abad Didbani Tower Babol Mollana Mosque Qa'em Shahr's Imamzadeh kati Sisangan national Park, Nowshahr Challdareh national Park, Tonekabon Veresk Bridge Imamzadeh Ghasem Mohammad Hassan Khan Qajar's Bridge Namakabrood's aerial tramway Javaherdeh Nima Yooshij's house in Yoush Khestpol Bridge in Qa'em Shahr Valasht lake, Kelardasht Saadatmahaleh, Sari Avidar lake Nowshahr Lar Dam Amol Kalakchal Deryok Kalbadi House Tamishan Noor Golden Park Amol Alam-Kuh Palaeolithic caves of Kamarband’, and Hotu , Sari Malek Bahman Castle Galehgardan, Tonekabon Palace of Ramsar Safavid gardens of Behshahr Babol museum Khoshedaran Museum of natural history, Fereydoon Kenar Kandelus museum,near Chaloos Sari's clock square Rahband Palace of Behshahr Se Sangan Gol-e-Zard Cave Danial Cave Heshtel Tower Gabri Tonekabon Alimastan Village Moalagh Bridge Ramsar's old hotel Shekleh Shah

v t e Architecture of Iran Styles Parsi style · (includes Pre-Parsi style and Achaemenid architecture) Parthian style · (includes Sassanid architecture) Khorasani style · Razi style · Azari style · Isfahani style Elements Bazaars · The Persian Garden (hayāt) · Windcatchers · Shabestan · Kucheh · Talar · Iwan · Howz · Panjdari · Hashti · Andaruni · Biruni · Dalan e Vorudi · Qanat · Kariz · Gonbad · Ab anbar · Yakhchal · Caravanserais · Robats · Burj · Khaneqah · Tekyeh · Sahn · Imamzadeh · Mosques Notable traditional cities Architecture of Tehran · Bam · Bukhara · Ctesiphon · Derbent · Herat · Gur-e Amir  · Isfahan · Amol · Kashan  · Mashhad  · Merv  · Nishapur  · Persepolis  · Qazvin · Qom · Samarkand · Shahrisabz · Shiraz · Susa · Tabriz  · Takht-i-Suleiman  · Yazd Theory and analysis Traditional Persian residential architecture · Traditional water sources of Persian antiquity · Islamic architecture Lists List of ab anbars of Qazvin · List of historical Iranian architects · List of mosques · Args, castles, and ghal'ehs · List of ziyarat-gahs