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Etruscans
http://wn.com/Etruscans -
Giuliano Bonfante
Giuliano Bonfante (August 6, 1904 - September 9, 2005 in Rome) was an Italian linguistics scholar and expert on the language of the Etruscans and other Italic peoples. He was professor of linguistics at the University of Turin.
http://wn.com/Giuliano_Bonfante -
Larissa Bonfante
Larissa Bonfante is an American classicist, Professor of Classics at New York University and an authority on Etruscan language and culture.
http://wn.com/Larissa_Bonfante -
Pharaoh
Pharaoh is a title used in many modern discussions of the ancient Egyptian rulers of all periods. The title originates in the term ‘’pr-aa’’ which means ‘’great house’’ and describes the royal palace. The title of Pharaoh started being used for the king during the New Kingdom, specifically during the middle of the eighteenth dynasty. For simplification, however, there is a general acceptance amongst modern writers to use the term to relate to all periods.
http://wn.com/Pharaoh -
Tutankhamun
Tutankhamun (alternately spelled with Tutenkh-, -amen, -amon), Egyptian ', approx. ; 1341 BC – 1323 BC) was an Egyptian pharaoh of the 18th dynasty (ruled c.1333 BC – 1323 BC in the conventional chronology), during the period of Egyptian history known as the New Kingdom. His original name, Tutankhaten,' means "Living Image of Aten", while Tutankhamun means "Living Image of Amun". In hieroglyphs the name Tutankhamun was typically written Amen-tut-ankh, because of a scribal custom that placed a divine name at the beginning of a phrase to show appropriate reverence. He is possibly also the Nibhurrereya'' of the Amarna letters. He was likely the 18th dynasty king 'Rathotis' who, according to Manetho, an ancient historian, had reigned for nine years — a figure which conforms with Flavius Josephus's version of Manetho's Epitome.
http://wn.com/Tutankhamun
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Etruscans
http://wn.com/Etruscans -
Iran
Iran ( ), officially the Islamic Republic of Iran is a country in Central Eurasia and Western Asia. The name Iran has been in use natively since the Sassanian era and came into use internationally in 1935, before which the country was also known to the western world as Persia. Both Persia and Iran are used interchangeably in cultural contexts; however, Iran is the name used officially in political contexts.
http://wn.com/Iran -
Sittingbourne
Sittingbourne is an industrial town about eight miles (12.9 km) east of Gillingham in England, beside the Roman Watling Street off a creek in the Swale, a channel separating the Isle of Sheppey from mainland Kent. The town is growing rapidly due to a number of large residential developments, and its train line links to London Victoria, the journey taking about an hour from Sittingbourne railway station.
http://wn.com/Sittingbourne -
Syria
Syria ( ; ' or '), officially the Syrian Arab Republic (), is a country in Western Asia, bordering Lebanon and the Mediterranean Sea to the West, Turkey to the north, Iraq to the east, Jordan to the south, and Israel to the southwest.
http://wn.com/Syria
- ancient Egypt
- anthropology
- archaeology
- basalt
- Burial
- East Asia
- Etruscan language
- Etruscans
- Forensic science
- Giuliano Bonfante
- Grave field
- grave robbery
- hell bank note
- Hemaka
- Ian Morris
- Iran
- Larissa Bonfante
- mastaba
- Mesopotamia
- money burning
- Neanderthal
- Necropolis
- Pharaoh
- red ochre
- Sittingbourne
- social status
- steatite
- Syria
- throne
- Tutankhamun
- ushabti
- votive deposit
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GRAVE GOODS - Bred In The Bone
1992 Tundra Publishing Paul Jenkins - vocals, guitar Steven Wardlaw - lead guitar FJ Ventre - bass Colin Sears - drums
http://wn.com/GRAVE_GOODS__Bred_In_The_Bone
March 6th 2011 Galactic Goods "GraveKeeper's" VS "Grave Keeper's" Game 1
http://wn.com/March_6th_2011_Galactic_Goods_GraveKeeper's_VS_Grave_Keeper's_Game_1
New Iraqi Archaeological Sites Attract Grave Robbers
An exciting archaeological discovery in Iraq to tell you about. A number of ancient sites are being uncovered due to an ongoing drought that has given explorers a new opportunity to learn more about the country's ancient civilizations. Drought and dams have reduced the size of a lake in Iraq's western Anbar Province. But archaeologists say the exposed ancient dwellings and burial sites are attracting thieves. [Yassin Jabra, Haditha Site Supervisor]: "We found recently opened graves with destroyed grave items around. Some of these graves were destroyed due to flood and strong waves of water. Some of graves and jars were scattered nearby and there are tiny remains of bracelets which we did not get benefit from. As for the jars, they were completely damaged." Jabra says that people dig up historical pots and break them open looking for gold. Iraq lies in the heart of a region many call the cradle of civilization, where Assyria, Babylonia and Sumer are among cultures and empires that have risen and fallen over millennia. Looting of the country's ancient sites has been a common problem in the decades of war and sanctions under Saddam Hussein and it continues today. Many of the Haditha graves date to the Assyrian period, but relics and sites around it represent a jumble of civilizations and eras spanning the past 5000 years. Burials in large urns were typically Assyrian, and grave goods included gold jewelry, precious stones, eyeliner bottles, cups and other vessels. Recent <b>...</b>
http://wn.com/New_Iraqi_Archaeological_Sites_Attract_Grave_Robbers
Mycenae Grave Circle 'A'
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 0:46
- Published: 28 Aug 2009
- Uploaded: 26 Aug 2010
- Author: KSHSClassCiv
This is a quick over-view of the shaft grave enclosure known today as 'Grave Circle A' at the citadel of Mycenae. It was discovered by Heinrich Schliemann in the 19th century and yielded a number of remarkable grave goods such as the so-called 'Mask of Agamemnon'. It was in use around 1600 BC but was later incorporated within the walls built around 300-350 years later. This is of particular interest to students taking Unit CC1 (Entry Code F381) Archaeology of the Classical World in OCRs AS-Level Classical Civilization course.
http://wn.com/Mycenae_Grave_Circle_'A'
Heaven and Hell: Funerary Customs (Part 3 of ?)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:15
- Published: 26 Apr 2011
- Uploaded: 30 Nov 2011
- Author: ancienthebreworg
Throughout the Ancient Near East it was common practice to place household items belonging to the deceased inside his tomb for his journey to the afterlife. At a minimum, these items included everyday objects such as bowls, combs, amulets, weapons or other trinkets, along with food. Thousands of graves near Aswan Egypt, dating to about 3000 BC, were excavated and inside the graves were pottery, mirrors, incense burners, ornaments and weapons. Graves near the great Pyramid at Giza, dating to about 2500 BC, were discovered containing pots and other goods. As is found in the Valley of the Kings in Egypt, the wealthier Egyptians were buried with jewelry, furniture, and other valuables such as were found in King Tutankhamen's tomb. His tomb also included pottery and other everyday goods, but also a treasure of other valuable objects. The Cemetery of the Ancient Sumerian city of Eridu, dating to about 3000 BC revealed that many goods were left in the graves including; pottery vessels, beads, cuts of meat, figurines and stone tools. The Royal Cemetery in Ur included the graves of Sumeria's Kings and Queens with their valuable grave goods. At Tell es-Sa'idiyeh (Located at Jabbock and Jordan, near Tafas City)These Canaanite bronze and iron weapons were found in graves during the excavation of a cemetery dated to about 1000 BC. Inside ancient Ugarit tombs, dating to about 2000 BC, many artifacts were discovered buried with the dead. The practice of leaving pottery, trinkets and <b>...</b>
http://wn.com/Heaven_and_Hell_Funerary_Customs_Part_3_of_?
Who Owns the Past? (Trailer)
www.jedriffefilms.com The final decades of the twentieth century brought unprecedented changes for American Indians, especially in the areas of human rights and tribal sovereignty. In 1990, after a long struggle between Indian rights groups and the scientific establishment, the Native American Graves Repatriation and Protection Act was passed. whoownsthumbp.jpg (24938 bytes)For American Indians, this was perhaps the most important piece of civil and human rights legislation of this century. Skeletons and grave goods that had been gathering dust in museums around the country could come home again, and Indian graves would be protected from further desecration. But a case tested these claims, and Who Owns the Past? focuses on the controversy that emerged. The discovery of a 9000-year-old skeleton on the banks of the Columbia River near Kennewick, Washington, reignited the conflict between anthropologists and Indian people over the control of human remains found on ancestral Indian lands. Anthropologists insist that these remains hold the key to America's past and must be studied for the benefit of mankind, while many Indian people believe that exhuming and studying them is a desecration of their ancestors.
http://wn.com/Who_Owns_the_Past?_Trailer
Nubia: The Black Kingdom Of Kush 3 # 5
Rescue Nubia Dr Vivian Davies claims that a recently discovered set of hieroglyphs proves that, in 800 BC, Egypt was under the rule of black Pharaohs from neighbouring Nubia. This film examines the impact of these sensational discoveries. Historians have long known about Kush, but relegated its importance to a vassal state of Egypt, significant only for its gold reserves. Early excavations in the Kush capital at Kerma suffered from the innate racism of the archaeologists. Fabulous grave goods, discovered in the 20th century, were thought to have belonged to Kush's Egyptian overlords. They didn't consider that a black African culture could have challenged Egypt's supremacy. The inscription exposed the truth. Although it won battles, Kush eventually lost the war, and for the next 1000 years, Egypt had the upper hand. But the inscription served as a warning prophecy to Egypt that it might pay a high price. The enslaved Kushites would have their revenge. Allowed, and even encouraged, to rebuild their own kingdom along the lines of Egypt, in 747 BC, Kush attacked the Pharaoh's power in a daring land grab. The Kushite king, Piye, overthrew the yoke, conquered mighty Egypt and established a 100-year rule of black Pharaohs. Even after being ousted from the Egyptian throne, Kushite kings continued to rule an empire as mighty as any, until the arrival of Alexander the Great. For a number of years, British Museum archaeologists have been making find after find in the Upper Nile <b>...</b>
http://wn.com/Nubia_The_Black_Kingdom_Of_Kush_3_#_5
Nubia: The Black Kingdom Of Kush 4 # 5
Rescue Nubia Dr Vivian Davies claims that a recently discovered set of hieroglyphs proves that, in 800 BC, Egypt was under the ru Rescue Nubia Dr Vivian Davies claims that a recently discovered set of hieroglyphs proves that, in 800 BC, Egypt was under the rule of black Pharaohs from neighbouring Nubia. This film examines the impact of these sensational discoveries. Historians have long known about Kush, but relegated its importance to a vassal state of Egypt, significant only for its gold reserves. Early excavations in the Kush capital at Kerma suffered from the innate racism of the archaeologists. Fabulous grave goods, discovered in the 20th century, were thought to have belonged to Kush's Egyptian overlords. They didn't consider that a black African culture could have challenged Egypt's supremacy. The inscription exposed the truth. Although it won battles, Kush eventually lost the war, and for the next 1000 years, Egypt had the upper hand. But the inscription served as a warning prophecy to Egypt that it might pay a high price. The enslaved Kushites would have their revenge. Allowed, and even encouraged, to rebuild their own kingdom along the lines of Egypt, in 747 BC, Kush attacked the Pharaoh's power in a daring land grab. The Kushite king, Piye, overthrew the yoke, conquered mighty Egypt and established a 100-year rule of black Pharaohs. Even after being ousted from the Egyptian throne, Kushite kings continued to rule an empire as mighty as any, until the arrival of <b>...</b>
http://wn.com/Nubia_The_Black_Kingdom_Of_Kush_4_#_5
Nubia: The Black Kingdom Of Kush 5 # 5
Rescue Nubia Dr Vivian Davies claims that a recently discovered set of hieroglyphs proves that, in 800 BC, Egypt was under the ru Rescue Nubia Dr Vivian Davies claims that a recently discovered set of hieroglyphs proves that, in 800 BC, Egypt was under the rule of black Pharaohs from neighbouring Nubia. This film examines the impact of these sensational discoveries. Historians have long known about Kush, but relegated its importance to a vassal state of Egypt, significant only for its gold reserves. Early excavations in the Kush capital at Kerma suffered from the innate racism of the archaeologists. Fabulous grave goods, discovered in the 20th century, were thought to have belonged to Kush's Egyptian overlords. They didn't consider that a black African culture could have challenged Egypt's supremacy. The inscription exposed the truth. Although it won battles, Kush eventually lost the war, and for the next 1000 years, Egypt had the upper hand. But the inscription served as a warning prophecy to Egypt that it might pay a high price. The enslaved Kushites would have their revenge. Allowed, and even encouraged, to rebuild their own kingdom along the lines of Egypt, in 747 BC, Kush attacked the Pharaoh's power in a daring land grab. The Kushite king, Piye, overthrew the yoke, conquered mighty Egypt and established a 100-year rule of black Pharaohs. Even after being ousted from the Egyptian throne, Kushite kings continued to rule an empire as mighty as any, until the arrival of <b>...</b>
http://wn.com/Nubia_The_Black_Kingdom_Of_Kush_5_#_5
BULGARIA - The Thracian project " Seuthopolis " Part2
Elica Todorova & Stojan Jankulov - Water Bulgaria - 5th on Eurovision 2007) Seuthopolis was an ancient city founded by the Thracian king Seuthes III, and the capital of the Odrysian kingdom since 320 BC. It was a small city, built on the site of an earlier settlement, and its ruins are now located at the bottom of the Koprinka Reservoir near Kazanlak, Stara Zagora Province, in central Bulgaria. Seuthopolis was not a true polis, but rather the seat of Seuthes and his court. His palace had a dual role, functioning also as a sanctuary of the Cabeiri. Most of the space within the city was occupied not by homes but by official structures, the majority of the people living outside the city. The dual role of Seuthes' palace (royal court and sanctuary) indicates that Seuthes was a priest-king: the high priest of the Cabeiri among the Odrysian Thracians. A hearth altar stood in the center of the Cabeiri sanctuary, the Cabeiri being associated with fire and metallurgy and with the smith-god Hephaestus. The cemetery of Seuthopolis included a number of brick tholos tombs, some covered by tumuli, in which the upper-class were interred, sometimes along with their horses. The less affluent were cremated, with modest grave goods laid alongside. The ruins of the city were discovered and excavated in 1948 by Bulgarian archeologists during the construction of the Georgi Dimitrov (later renamed Koprinka) Reservoir. However, it was decided to continue with the construction and flood the dam <b>...</b>
http://wn.com/BULGARIA__The_Thracian_project__Seuthopolis__Part2
BBC: Anglo-Saxons
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 56:45
- Published: 09 Jun 2011
- Uploaded: 12 Dec 2011
- Author: klausvongrewendorp
The arrival of the Anglo-Saxons was part of a general movement of Germanic peoples around Europe between the years 300 and 700, known as the Migration Period. The migration of Germanic peoples to Britain from what is now northern Germany, the northern part of the Netherlands and southern Scandinavia is attested from the 5th century (eg Undley bracteate). Based on Bede's Historia ecclesiastica gentis Anglorum, the conquering peoples are traditionally divided into Angles, Saxons, and Jutes, but their composition was likely less clear-cut and may also have included Frisians and Franks. The ethnic religion of the Anglo-Saxons is a form of Germanic religion closely related to the beliefs of the Continental Germanic and North Germanic peoples. As with most religions designated as being pagan by later Christian writers, it is a polytheistic belief system, focused around the worship of deities known as the ése (singular ós). The most prominent of these deities is Woden, although other prominent Gods include Thunor and Tiw. Perhaps the most prominent female deity is Fríge. Thunor is a friend of the common man, in contrast to Woden who is primarily associated with royalty. It has been suggested that the hammer and the swastika (also associated with Woden and Fríge) are the God's symbols, representing thunderbolts, and both of these symbols have been found in Anglo-Saxon graves, the latter being common on cremation urns. There is also a belief in a variety of other supernatural <b>...</b>
http://wn.com/BBC_Anglo-Saxons
Archaelogists Discover Viking Burial Site
For more news and videos visit ☛ english.ntdtv.com Follow us on Twitter ☛ http Add us on Facebook ☛ me.lt Archaeologists have discovered a Viking ship in a remote area of the Western Scottish Highlands. And inside the boat are the remains of a man, indicating the probability of the a Viking burial site. Archaeologists have unearthed a remarkable discovery of a Viking boat burial site in a remote western part of the Scottish Highlands. The find is particularly significant because of all the artefacts found at the site on the Ardnamurcham peninsula. Dr Oliver Harris from the University of Leicester described the find as something one only dreams about. [Dr Oliver Harris, University of Leicester]: "A Viking boat burial - the kind of thing you used to read about as a young boy at school, you know these incredible things. A boat filled with all sorts of weapons, the Viking himself, a beautiful bronze pin holding his cloak together. An axe, a sword, a spear, a shield, a cauldron with a meter-long handle. Just incredible things, all brought together inside this boat, buried in the ground in Ardnamurchan a thousand years ago." The scientists believe the man must have achieved high status in life because of the things that were buried with him. [Dr Oliver Harris, University of Leicester]: "These are grave goods that he's put with him and they're things that have gone into the ground with him. They probably belonged to him many of them, but certainly what they really tell us is <b>...</b>
http://wn.com/Archaelogists_Discover_Viking_Burial_Site
March 6th 2011 Galactic Goods "GraveKeeper's" VS "Grave Keeper's" Game 2
http://wn.com/March_6th_2011_Galactic_Goods_GraveKeeper's_VS_Grave_Keeper's_Game_2
Cradle To The Grave - Mobb Deep
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:05
- Published: 09 Apr 2009
- Uploaded: 05 Dec 2011
- Author: irelandhiphop
PLEASE RATE Mobb Deep Havoc & Prodigy - The Infamous The Start Of Your Ending - 41 St Side The Infamous Prelude Survival Of The Fittest Eye For An Eye - Your Beef Is Mine Just Step Prelude Give Up The Goods - Just Step Temperatures Rising Up North Trip Trife Life QU Hectic Right Back At You The Grave Prelude Cradle To The Grave Drink Away The Pain - Situations Shook Ones Part II Party Over Irelandhiphop Loud Records
http://wn.com/Cradle_To_The_Grave__Mobb_Deep
Top 10 Myths: The Egyptians Were Obsessed with Death (Ancient Art Podcast 38)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 7:03
- Published: 04 Apr 2011
- Uploaded: 29 Nov 2011
- Author: SCARABsolutions
Episode 38 sets the story straight about the misconception that the Ancient Egyptians were obsessed with death. We delve into the Ancient Egyptian concept of Heaven, unearth some ancient grave goods, and take a close hard look at the themes and subjects decorating the walls of Ancient Egyptian tombs. The evidence reveals a culture obsessed not with death, but with life! Included in this episode are the famous wall paintings from the New Kingdom tomb of Nebamun, now in the British Museum, the solar boat of King Khufu at Giza, and a roundup of "shabti" figurines from the Art Institute of Chicago. Visit www.ancientartpodcast.org for the complete Top 10 list. Explore more episodes, image galleries, credits, transcripts, and additional resources at ancientartpodcast.org. Connect at http and facebook.com
http://wn.com/Top_10_Myths_The_Egyptians_Were_Obsessed_with_Death_Ancient_Art_Podcast_38
The Viking Ships in Oslo, Norway
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:44
- Published: 25 Jul 2009
- Uploaded: 09 Dec 2010
- Author: LeishaCamden
This video shows a little bit of the very impressive sights to see in the Viking Ship House at Bygdøy in Oslo, Norway - the last Viking ships. This building holds the only surviving Viking ships in the world. If you're ever in Oslo, this place is unmissable. The video is put together of several shorter clips and it shows first the Gokstad ship, then the Oseberg, then the collection of grave goods on display (mostly from the Oseberg), then the Tune ship and finally the Oseberg again.
http://wn.com/The_Viking_Ships_in_Oslo,_Norway
Ancient Near East II
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 9:35
- Published: 07 Jul 2009
- Uploaded: 27 May 2010
- Author: kueblerwolf
Grave goods from Ur
http://wn.com/Ancient_Near_East_II
![Give Up The Good's [Just Step] - Mobb Deep](http://web.archive.org./web/20111213235301im_/http://i.ytimg.com/vi/iCDCL5aJQfw/0.jpg "Give Up The Good's [Just Step] - Mobb Deep")
Give Up The Good's [Just Step] - Mobb Deep
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:10
- Published: 09 Apr 2009
- Uploaded: 29 Nov 2011
- Author: irelandhiphop
PLEASE RATE Mobb Deep Havoc & Prodigy - The Infamous The Start Of Your Ending - 41 St Side The Infamous Prelude Survival Of The Fittest Eye For An Eye - Your Beef Is Mine Just Step Prelude Give Up The Goods - Just Step Temperatures Rising Up North Trip Trife Life QU Hectic Right Back At You The Grave Prelude Cradle To The Grave Drink Away The Pain - Situations Shook Ones Part II Party Over Irelandhiphop Loud Records
http://wn.com/Give_Up_The_Good's_ Just_Step __Mobb_Deep
ancient roman cylinder seal ring - uncarved
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:11
- Published: 15 Jan 2009
- Uploaded: 06 Nov 2011
- Author: beadsancient
ejgold.com oh...btw, this ring found it's home...an amazing story that deserves a video all of it's own A wonderful informational talk on ancient cylinder seals with actual antiquities. A cylinder seal is a cylinder engraved with a 'picture story', used in ancient times to roll an impression onto a two-dimensional surface, generally wet clay. First appearing in the Near East during the Uruk period, later versions would employ notations with Mesopotamian hieroglyphs. In later periods, they were used to notarize or attest to multiple impressions of clay documents. The seal itself was made from hard stone, glass, or ceramics such as Egyptian faience. Many varieties of material such as hematite, obsidian, steatite, amethyst and carnelian were used to make cylinder seals, but lapis lazuli was especially popular because of the beauty of the blue stone. Graves and other sites hoarding precious items such as gold, silver, beads, and gemstones often included one or two cylinder seals, as honorific grave goods. While most Mesopotamian cylinder seals form an image through the use of depressions in the cylinder surface (see lead photo above), some cylinder seals print images using raised areas on the cylinder (see San Andrés image below). The former are used primarily on wet clays; the latter, sometimes referred to as roller stamps, are used to print images on cloth and other similar two dimensional surfaces. Cylinder seals are a form of impression seal, a category which includes the <b>...</b>
http://wn.com/ancient_roman_cylinder_seal_ring__uncarved
Black Sabbath - Children of the Grave
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:15
- Published: 30 Dec 2006
- Uploaded: 13 Dec 2011
- Author: windhoek35
1974 at the California Jam, Ozzy has a real good time. Other artists performing were Eagles, Seals & Crofts, Black Oak Arkansas, Earth Wind & Fire, Rare Earth and the two headliners Deep Purple and Emerson Lake & Palmer. I updated this video www.youtube.com
http://wn.com/Black_Sabbath__Children_of_the_Grave
Ancient Cylinder Seals EJ Gold
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:11
- Published: 12 Jan 2009
- Uploaded: 14 Aug 2010
- Author: ejgoldguru
ejgold.com A wonderful informational talk on ancient cylinder seals with actual antiquities. A cylinder seal is a cylinder engraved with a 'picture story', used in ancient times to roll an impression onto a two-dimensional surface, generally wet clay. First appearing in the Near East during the Uruk period, later versions would employ notations with Mesopotamian hieroglyphs. In later periods, they were used to notarize or attest to multiple impressions of clay documents. The seal itself was made from hard stone, glass, or ceramics such as Egyptian faience. Many varieties of material such as hematite, obsidian, steatite, amethyst and carnelian were used to make cylinder seals, but lapis lazuli was especially popular because of the beauty of the blue stone. Graves and other sites hoarding precious items such as gold, silver, beads, and gemstones often included one or two cylinder seals, as honorific grave goods. While most Mesopotamian cylinder seals form an image through the use of depressions in the cylinder surface (see lead photo above), some cylinder seals print images using raised areas on the cylinder (see San Andrés image below). The former are used primarily on wet clays; the latter, sometimes referred to as roller stamps, are used to print images on cloth and other similar two dimensional surfaces. Cylinder seals are a form of impression seal, a category which includes the stamp seal and finger ring seal.
http://wn.com/Ancient_Cylinder_Seals_EJ_Gold
Checking in at the Library: Mystery Novels
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 21:23
- Published: 02 Dec 2009
- Uploaded: 20 Sep 2011
- Author: jamescitycounty
Barry Trott reviews mystery novels that you can find at the James City County and Williamsburg Libraries
http://wn.com/Checking_in_at_the_Library_Mystery_Novels
New Iraqi Archaeological Sites Attract Grave Robbers
New Iraqi Archaeological Sites Attract Grave Robbers
1:25
An exciting archaeological discovery in Iraq to tell you about. A number of ancient sites are being uncovered due to an ongoing drought that has given explorers a new opportunity to learn more about the country's ancient civilizations. ...
Heaven and Hell: Funerary Customs (Part 3 of ?)
Heaven and Hell: Funerary Customs (Part 3 of ?)
4:15
Throughout the Ancient Near East it was common practice to place household items belonging to the deceased inside his tomb for his journey to the afterlife. At a minimum, these items included everyday objects such as bowls, combs, amulets, ...
Who Owns the Past? (Trailer)
Who Owns the Past? (Trailer)
1:53
www.jedriffefilms.com The final decades of the twentieth century brought unprecedented changes for American Indians, especially in the areas of human rights and tribal sovereignty. In 1990, after a long struggle between Indian rights groups...
Nubia: The Black Kingdom Of Kush 3 # 5
Nubia: The Black Kingdom Of Kush 3 # 5
10:02
Rescue Nubia Dr Vivian Davies claims that a recently discovered set of hieroglyphs proves that, in 800 BC, Egypt was under the rule of black Pharaohs from neighbouring Nubia. This film examines the impact of these sensational discoveries. H...
Nubia: The Black Kingdom Of Kush 4 # 5
Nubia: The Black Kingdom Of Kush 4 # 5
9:53
Rescue Nubia Dr Vivian Davies claims that a recently discovered set of hieroglyphs proves that, in 800 BC, Egypt was under the ru Rescue Nubia Dr Vivian Davies claims that a recently discovered set of hieroglyphs proves that, in 800 BC, Egy...
Nubia: The Black Kingdom Of Kush 5 # 5
Nubia: The Black Kingdom Of Kush 5 # 5
8:58
Rescue Nubia Dr Vivian Davies claims that a recently discovered set of hieroglyphs proves that, in 800 BC, Egypt was under the ru Rescue Nubia Dr Vivian Davies claims that a recently discovered set of hieroglyphs proves that, in 800 BC, Egy...
BULGARIA - The Thracian project " Seuthopolis " Part2
BULGARIA - The Thracian project " Seuthopolis " Part2
6:29
Elica Todorova & Stojan Jankulov - Water Bulgaria - 5th on Eurovision 2007) Seuthopolis was an ancient city founded by the Thracian king Seuthes III, and the capital of the Odrysian kingdom since 320 BC. It was a small city, built on th...
Archaelogists Discover Viking Burial Site
Archaelogists Discover Viking Burial Site
2:33
For more news and videos visit ☛ english.ntdtv.com Follow us on Twitter ☛ http Add us on Facebook ☛ me.lt Archaeologists have discovered a Viking ship in a remote area of the Western Scottish Highlands. And inside the boat...
Cradle To The Grave - Mobb Deep
Cradle To The Grave - Mobb Deep
5:05
PLEASE RATE Mobb Deep Havoc & Prodigy - The Infamous The Start Of Your Ending - 41 St Side The Infamous Prelude Survival Of The Fittest Eye For An Eye - Your Beef Is Mine Just Step Prelude Give Up The Goods - Just Step Temperatures Risi...
Top 10 Myths: The Egyptians Were Obsessed with Death (Ancient Art Podcast 38)
Top 10 Myths: The Egyptians Were Obsessed with Death (Ancient Art Podcast 38)
7:03
Episode 38 sets the story straight about the misconception that the Ancient Egyptians were obsessed with death. We delve into the Ancient Egyptian concept of Heaven, unearth some ancient grave goods, and take a close hard look at the themes...
The Viking Ships in Oslo, Norway
The Viking Ships in Oslo, Norway
5:44
This video shows a little bit of the very impressive sights to see in the Viking Ship House at Bygdøy in Oslo, Norway - the last Viking ships. This building holds the only surviving Viking ships in the world. If you're ever in Os...
Give Up The Good's [Just Step] - Mobb Deep
Give Up The Good's [Just Step] - Mobb Deep
4:10
PLEASE RATE Mobb Deep Havoc & Prodigy - The Infamous The Start Of Your Ending - 41 St Side The Infamous Prelude Survival Of The Fittest Eye For An Eye - Your Beef Is Mine Just Step Prelude Give Up The Goods - Just Step Temperatures Risi...
ancient roman cylinder seal ring - uncarved
ancient roman cylinder seal ring - uncarved
5:11
ejgold.com oh...btw, this ring found it's home...an amazing story that deserves a video all of it's own A wonderful informational talk on ancient cylinder seals with actual antiquities. A cylinder seal is a cylinder engraved with a ...
Black Sabbath - Children of the Grave
Black Sabbath - Children of the Grave
4:15
1974 at the California Jam, Ozzy has a real good time. Other artists performing were Eagles, Seals & Crofts, Black Oak Arkansas, Earth Wind & Fire, Rare Earth and the two headliners Deep Purple and Emerson Lake & Palmer. I updat...
Ancient Cylinder Seals EJ Gold
Ancient Cylinder Seals EJ Gold
5:11
ejgold.com A wonderful informational talk on ancient cylinder seals with actual antiquities. A cylinder seal is a cylinder engraved with a 'picture story', used in ancient times to roll an impression onto a two-dimensional surface, ...
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Grave goods, in archaeology and anthropology, are the items buried along with the body.
Burial
Grave field
Necropolis
The Earliest Beads, Treasures From the Ancient World, Museum of Ancient and Modern Art, at muma.org
They are usually personal possessions, supplies to smooth the deceased's journey into the afterlife or offerings to the gods. Grave goods are a type of votive deposit. Most grave goods recovered by archaeologists consist of inorganic objects such as pottery and stone and metal tools but there is evidence that organic objects that have since decayed were also placed in ancient tombs.
Some of the most famous and well preserved grave goods are those from ancient Egypt; there, people believed that goods buried in tombs could be used by the deceased in the afterlife. They also painted images of the deceased enjoying earthly life, working, and being in the company of family members; occasionally images of servants, called ushabti, were placed in tombs to serve the deceased in the afterlife.
Where grave goods appear, grave robbery is a potential problem. Etruscans would scratch the word śuθina, Etruscan for "from a tomb", on grave goods buried with the dead to discourage their reuse by the living. The tomb of pharaoh Tutankhamun is famous because it was one of the few Egyptian tombs that was not thoroughly looted in ancient times.
Ceremonies dedicating goods to the use of the dead are still practiced in some cultures today. Some East Asian peoples offer what are popularly known in English as "hell bank notes" to the dead, believing that by burning these offerings of money, it will become available for the deceased to spend.
Archaeological Homo sapiens
Some of the oldest grave goods, votive deposits, are from the 12th to 11th millennium BC. Homo sapiens species were replacing Neanderthals at the time and burials have been found with red ochre, offerings of food, tools, and fresh flowers; Iran, Syria, and Mesopotamia have also yielded beads made of basalt.
Analysis of the grave goods
The first stage analysis of the grave goods, helps determine: country, people, the society type, the town, cemeteries, etc., basically the sociological setting of the society. Even the 'cemeteries', or burials, and grave goods of a small 'suburb' of a town, may help determine the small society, mix of people and that subgroup's relationship with other countries, or peoples. Grave goods are often a reliable indicator of relative social status; archaeologists have compared the apparent workmanship, quantity, and costs of grave goods with the skeletal remains of the people buried in the tomb. Forensic indicators that can be read from the human remains tend to show that, while wealthy tombs had a roughly equal incidence of contagious and hereditary disease as lower status individuals, the tombs of the wealthy indicated substantially less evidence of biological stress during adulthood, with fewer broken bones or signs of hard labor.A second stage study helps understand where some of the grave goods originated. For example, gold, silver, jewelry, ornaments, tools, etc., all items of "workmanship", have their provenance determined, and then the time frame boundaries set. The provenance of some grave goods may only be guesses, since some of the most interesting, spectacular, and unique items have been buried there. An example from early 3rd millennium BC, is a flat disk, with a hole in the middle for a spindle, and possibly intended to be spun like a top. (Found with a group of disks, in one "hunting" room, a multiple room mastaba.) Made of steatite, with scenes carved, its provenance can only be guessed. It was found in the mastaba of an Egyptian official named Hemaka. Since grave robbery was so common in Egypt, it may have come from a previous grave owner.
See also
References
External links
Category:Archaeological artefact types Category:Anthropology Category:Death customs
de:Grabbeigabe es:Ajuar funerario eo:Tomba donaco fr:Mobilier funéraire lt:Įkapės nl:Grafgift ja:副葬品 sv:Gravgods zh:陪葬品This text is licensed under the Creative Commons CC-BY-SA License. This text was originally published on Wikipedia and was developed by the Wikipedia community.
