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L'Equipe

250px The front page of L'Equipe on July 4, 2011
Type	Daily newspaper
Format	Broadsheet
Owner	Éditions Philippe Amaury
Editor	François Morinière
Editor-in-chief	Fabrice Jouhaud
Founded	1946
Language	French
ISSN	0153-1069
Official website	lequipe.fr

L'Équipe (French for "the team") is a French nationwide daily newspaper devoted to sports, owned by Éditions Philippe Amaury. The paper is noted for coverage of football (soccer), rugby, motorsports and cycling. Its ancestor was L'Auto, a general sports paper, whose name reflected not any narrow interest but the excitement of the time in car racing.

L'Auto originated the Tour de France cycling stage race in 1903 as a circulation booster. The race leader's yellow jersey (maillot jaune) was instituted in 1919, probably to reflect the distinctive yellow newsprint on which L'Auto was published. The competition that would eventually become the UEFA Champions League was also the brainchild of a l'Equipe journalist, Gabriel Hanot.

History[link]

[edit] L'Auto-Vélo

De Dion on one of his company's early products.

L'Auto and therefore L'Équipe owed its life to a 19th-century French scandal involving soldier Alfred Dreyfus - the Dreyfus affair. With overtones of anti-semitism and post-war paranoia, Dreyfus was accused of selling secrets to France's old enemy, the Germans.

As different sides of society insisted he was guilty or innocent - he was eventually cleared but only after rigged trials had banished him to an island prison camp - the split came close to civil war and still have their echoes in modern French society.

France's largest sports paper, Le Vélo, mixed sports coverage with political comment. Its editor, Pierre Giffard, believed Dreyfus innocent and said so, leading to acrid disagreement with his main advertisers. Among them were the automobile-maker the Comte de Dion and the industrialists Adolphe Clément and Édouard Michelin.

Frustrated at Giffard's politics, they planned a rival paper. The editor was a prominent racing cyclist, Henri Desgrange, who had published a book of cycling tactics and training and was working as a publicity writer for Clément. Desgrange was a strong character but lacked confidence, so much doubting the Tour de France founded in his name that he stayed away from the pioneering race in 1903 until it looked like being a success.

[edit] L'Auto

Three years after the foundation of L'Auto-Vélo in 1900, a court in Paris decided that the title was too close to its main competitor, Giffard's Le Vélo. Thus reference to 'Vélo' was dropped and the new paper became simply L'Auto. It was printed on yellow paper because Giffard used green.

Circulation was sluggish, however, and only a crisis meeting called "to nail Giffard's beak shut", as Desgrange phrased it, came to its rescue. Then, on the first floor of the paper's offices in the rue du Faubourg-Montmartre in Paris, a 23-year-old cycling and rugby writer called Géo Lefèvre suggested a race round France, bigger than any other paper could rival and akin to six-day races on the track.

The Tour de France proved a success for the newspaper; circulation leapt from 25,000 before the 1903 Tour to 65,000 after it; in 1908 the race boosted circulation past a quarter of a million, and during the 1923 Tour it was selling 500,000 copies a day. The record circulation claimed by Desgrange was 854,000, achieved during the 1933 Tour.

Desgrange died in 1940 and ownership passed to a consortium of Germans.^[1] The paper began printing comment not unfavourable to the occupying Nazis and its doors were nailed shut with the return of peace.^[2] No paper having printed under the Germans was allowed to continue.

[edit] L'Équipe

Maurice Garin, winner of the first Tour de France

In 1940 Jacques Goddet succeeded Desgrange as editor and nominal organiser of the Tour de France (although he refused German requests to run it during the war, see Tour de France during the Second World War). Jacques Goddet was the son of L'Auto's first financial director, Victor Goddet. Goddet defended his paper's role in a court case brought by the French government but was never wholly cleared in the public mind of being close if not to the Germans then to the puppet president, Philippe Pétain.^[2]

Goddet could point, however, to clandestine printing of Resistance newspapers and pamphlets in the L'Auto print room^[1] and he was allowed to publish a successor paper called L'Équipe. It occupied premises across the road from where L'Auto had been, in a building in fact owned by L'Auto, although the original paper's assets had been sequestrated by the state. One conditions of publication imposed by the state was that L'Équipe was to use white paper rather than yellow, which was too closely attached to L'Auto.^[1]

The new paper published three times a week from 28 February 1946. Since 1948 it has been published daily. The paper benefitted from the demise of its competitors, L’Élan, and Le Sport. Its coverage of car racing hints at the paper's ancestry by printing the words L'Auto at the head of the page in the gothic print used in the main title of the pre-war paper.

Émilien Amaury[link]

In 1968 L'Équipe was bought by Émilien Amaury, founder of the Amaury publishing empire. Among L'Équipe's most respected writers have been Pierre Chany, Antoine Blondin and Gabriel Hanot.

[edit] Philippe Amaury - Éditions Philippe Amaury

The death of Émilien Amaury in 1977 led to a six-year legal battle over inheritance between his son and daughter. This was eventually settled amicably with Philippe Amaury owning the dailies while his sister owned magazines such as Marie-France and Point de Vue. Philippe then founded Éditions Philippe Amaury (EPA), which included L'Équipe, Le Parisien and Aujourd'hui. At Philippe's death in 2006, the group passed to his widow, Marie-Odile, and their children.

Evolutionary milestones[link]

• In 1980 L'Équipe began publishing a magazine with its Saturday edition.
• On 31 August 1998, L'Équipe TV was formed
• In 2005 a Sports et Style supplement was added to the Saturday edition.
• In 2006 L'Équipe Féminine was first published.
• In 2006 L'Équipe bought the monthly, Le Journal du Golf.
• In early 2007 L'Équipe supplemented its main website with L'équipe junior, dedicated to youth.

Paid sales in France[link]

The biggest-selling issue was 13 July 1998, the day after the French national football team won the World Cup. It sold 1,645,907 copies. The second best was on 3 July 2000, after France won the European football championship. It sold 1,255,633.

Directors[link]

• 1946-1984 : Jacques Goddet
• 1984-1993 : Jean-Pierre Courcol
• 1993-2002 : Paul Roussel
• 2003-2008 : Christophe Chenut
• 2008- : François Morinière

Editors[link]

• 1946-1954 : Marcel Oger
• 1954-1970 : Gaston Meyer
• 1970-1980 : Edouard Seidler
• 1980-1987 : Robert Parienté
• 1987-1989 : Henri Garcia
• 1989-1990 : Noel Couëdel
• 1990-1992 : Gérard Ernault
• 1993-2003 : Jérôme Bureau
• 2003- : Claude Droussent and Michel Dalloni

See also[link]

• L'Équipe Champion of Champions

References[link]

External links[link]

• Official website (French)

This section requires expansion with: critical reception and musical stylings.

This article includes a list of references, related reading or external links, but its sources remain unclear because it lacks inline citations. Please improve this article by introducing more precise citations. (March 2009)

Joseph Ira Dassin (November 5, 1938 – August 20, 1980), more commonly known as Joe Dassin, was an American singer-songwriter best known for his French songs of the 1960s and 1970s.

Biography[link]

Joe Dassin was born in New York City to American film director Jules Dassin (1911 - 2008) and Béatrice Launer (1913–2005), a New-York-born violinist, who after graduating from a Hebrew High School in the Bronx studied with the British violinist Harold Berkely at the Juilliard School of Music.^[1] Both parents were Jewish. His father was of Russian and Polish Jewish extraction, his maternal grandfather was an Austrian Jewish immigrant, who arrived in New York with his family at age 11.^[2]

He began his childhood first in New York City and Los Angeles. However, after his father fell victim to the Hollywood blacklist in 1950, he and his family moved from place to place across Europe.

Dassin studied at the International School of Geneva and the Institut Le Rosey in Switzerland, and graduated in Grenoble. Dassin moved back to the United States where he earned a doctorate in ethnology at the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor, Michigan.

He moved back to France where he worked as a technician for his father and appeared as an actor in supporting roles in a number of movies directed by his father, including Topkapi where he played the role of "Josef".

On December 26, 1964, Dassin signed up with CBS Records, making him the first French singer to sign up with an American record label.

By the early 1970s, Dassin's songs were on the top of the charts in France and he had become very well known in that country. He was also a talented polyglot, recording songs in German, Spanish, Italian and Greek, as well as French and English.

Dassin married Maryse (whose real first name is Yvette) Massiéra on January 18, 1966, in Paris. Their son, Joshua, was born two and a half months before term, September 12, 1973, and died 5 days after. Devastated, Joe and Maryse split, but did not divorce until 1977.

On January 14, 1978, Joe married Christine Delvaux Pavlopoulou. Joe and Christine moved to Athens, Greece on March 15, 1978. They had two sons, Jonathan (born September 14, 1978) and Julien (March 22, 1980). Christine died in December 1995.

Joe Dassin died of a heart attack during a vacation to Tahiti on August 20, 1980. He is survived by his two sons, both living in France, as well as his two younger sisters, Richelle (b.1940) and Julie (b.1945). His body is interred in the Beth Olam Mausoleum section of Hollywood Forever Cemetery in Hollywood, California.

Discography[link]

References[link]

1. ^ The Juilliard School of Music, "The Baton", p. 12
2. ^ Interview with Beatrice Launer

External links[link]

• [1], Another French entry
• Joe Dassin at the Internet Movie Database

Emmanuel Moire
Emmanuel Moire in concert at Dunkerque
Background information
Born	16 June 1979
Origin	Le Mans, France
Genres	Pop
Years active	2004–present
Labels	Warner Music France
Website	www.emmanuelmoire.com

Emmanuel Moire is a French singer. He and his twin brother Nicolas were born in Le Mans on 16 June 1979. Emmanuel is an eclectic artist. He sings and plays the piano, with a hundred tunes to his credit.

Singing career[link]

At 21 years of age, Emmanuel was selected to take part in the 16th meeting of Astaffort, a training course for song writers and performers. Between 2004 and 2007, he portrayed Louis XIV in the successful musical Le Roi Soleil, whose cast included Christophe Maé and Merwan Rim.

Emmanuel Moire released his first solo album, titled Là Où Je Pars, on 13 November 2006. The first single was "Le Sourire". With British pop influences, the first album paid special attention to the melodies even more than the emotions. The piano, vocals and beautiful guitar segments led the listener to a place where love, sufferings and the small joys of the life all mixed. On his Facebook site, Emmanuel said his first album was, “about the universal topics which I wanted to treat in a personal way. The role of an artist, it is to invite people into his universe, to give all that he has in him so that each one finds his own story there.” “This album is the fruit of a lot of collaboration. I wanted it to represent me so that people could discover me, musically, there. ” “It is easy to see that this album is a reunion of those close to me at Astaffort. Those, who for several years, share in the same hopes and dreams: Claire Joseph, Yann Guillon, Benoît Poher, Davide Esposito, Christophe Beucher... “

In early 2008, Emmanuel Moire was hit by a car outside his Paris residence. He received a sprained ankle and three cracked ribs. The accident caused him to miss a performance in Strasbourg and the NRJ Music Awards.

His second album, titled L'Équilibre was released in April 2009, and includes songs such as "Adulte et Sexy" and "Sans dire un mot" which have been made into music videos recently. "Sois Tranquille" is a very personal song for the artist. In an interview by Deborah Laurent for 7sur7 the artist said : "The music was already written when my brother passed away. I wanted to speak about my brother, of his uncommon greatness. I lost my brother on 28 January. I just said to myself that it was not necessary for me to speak, because I was going to speak about my suffering. I wanted it to be more positive, a homage, some thing more spiritual. Therefore, I 'lent' my voice to my brother."

Emmanuel Moire represented France at the 2007 Sopot Festival in Poland performing his song 'Ça ma fait du bien.' He came in second place, losing to the Polish band Feel.

Personal life[link]

On 12 January 2009, Emmanuel's twin brother Nicolas was run over by a car. Nicolas went into a deep coma. About two weeks later, on 28 January, Nicolas died.

Moire came out as gay in the French LGBT magazine TÊTU in October 2009. In that interview he said, "I hope to live a normal discreet life. I am at peace with myself."^[1]

Discography[link]

Albums

• 2006: (Là) où je pars
• 2009: L'Équilibre

Singles

• November 2006: "Le Sourire", composed by Benoît Poher (Kyo)
• March 2007: "Ça me fait du bien", composed by Lou Cowell
• July 2007: "Là où je pars", composed by Davide Esposito
• February 2008: "Si c'était ça la vie"
• February 2009: "Adulte & Sexy", written by Yann Guillon and composed by Emmanuel Moire
• June 2009: "Sans dire un mot", written by Yann Guillon and composed by Emmanuel Moire
• November 2009: "Promis", written by Yann Guillon and composed by Emmanuel Moire

References[link]

External links[link]

• Emmanuel Moire's official site
• Official site of his first solo album
• Le Roi Soleil's official site