Herschel Oulio Sanchez Watt (born 14 February 1991), more commonly known as Sanchez Watt, is an English footballer who plays as a winger for Arsenal. He has represented England at England under-16, England under-17 and England under-19 level^[2] and is also eligible to play for Wales and Jamaica, through his Welsh mother and Jamaican father.^[3][4]

Watt is a product of Arsenal's youth academy and came to prominence during the Gunners' 2008–09 FA Youth Cup win, making his debut for the full side the following season. He also has had two loan spells at Leeds United.

Early life[link]

Watt was born in London to a Jamaican father and Welsh mother.^[5]

Early career[link]

As a promising youngster, he drew interest from FC Barcelona^[4] and was discovered by Arsenal scouts as a seven-year-old playing in Victoria Park, East London for Senrab.^[6] It was only after Watt turned 16 that he decided against using his legal Christian name Herschel for religious reasons.^{[citation needed]} Watt grew up supporting Liverpool^[7] and has claimed that his top career ambition is to score at Anfield in the Premier League.^{[citation needed]}

Club career[link]

Arsenal[link]

In July 2008, Watt signed his first professional contract, and the following month he netted against Huddersfield Town to help Arsenal win the Herbert Chapman Trophy at the Galpharm Stadium in pre-season. He made a total of six appearances for the Arsenal reserve team and a further 21 for the youth team in the 2008–09 season. He scored seven goals for Steve Bould’s side, largely coming from out wide.

2009–10 season[link]

In September 2009, Watt was named on the bench for Arsenal in their Champions League game against Standard Liege. Watt scored on his Arsenal first team debut, a 2–0 win over West Bromwich Albion in the third round of the 2009–10 League Cup at the Emirates Stadium on 22 September 2009. His goal came in the 68th minute, tapping the ball home from inside the penalty area after Carlos Vela's shot was saved and so became the 85th player to score on his debut for Arsenal.^[8][9]

On 2 February 2010 Watt signed an initial month's loan deal with League One side Southend United. Southend did not extend his loan contract and so he returned to Arsenal.

Leeds United loan[link]

On 25 March 2010 Watt signed a loan deal with League One side Leeds United.^[10][11] After not being involved in Leeds' game against Norwich City, Watt was named on the bench for Leeds against Swindon Town, and made his debut for Leeds as a late substitute against Yeovil Town. He also came on as a substitute against his former club Southend United in Leeds' 2–0 win. Watt was named in the starting line-up for the game against MK Dons which Leeds won 4–1, providing two assists in the game. Watt came on as a substitute in the final game of the season against Bristol Rovers and helped Leeds earn a 2–1 win which helped confirm automatic promotion for Leeds.

He was announced as one of 50 under 21 players that were eligible to play in the Arsenal squad for the 2010-11 season after the new 25 man Premier League rule came into place.^[12]

2010–11 season[link]

On 3 August 2010, it was announced that Watt had rejoined Leeds United on for the whole of the 2010–11 season.^[13] Watt made his second début for Leeds in the first game of the season against Derby County on 7 August 2010 which ended in a 2–1 defeat. Watt made an impact in the following game in the League Cup against Lincoln City, first gaining an assist for Luciano Becchio's goal, and then winning Leeds a penalty which was converted by Neil Kilkenny during Leeds' 4–0 win. After starting the game on the left wing, Watt was deployed as a striker beside Luciano Becchio in the 1-1 draw against Nottingham Forest. Watt was also involved in an off the ball incident with Chris Gunter where Gunter appeared to stamp on Watt; both players received bookings, with Gunter then getting a three match ban retrospectively. Watt also put in a man of the match performance against Millwall F.C. where he famously did a Pirouette piece of skill with the ball.^[14][15]

After starting every game for Leeds, Watt was named on the bench as an unused substitute against Barnsley. Watt came on as a second half substitute against Ipswich Town and managed to get an assist for Robert Snodgrass' goal.^[16] Watt regained his place in the starting lineup for the following game against Middlesbrough, and assisted Leeds first goal when crossing in for Davide Somma, however Watt picked up an injury in the first half and had to be substituted after a strong challenge from Tarmo Kink. Watt returned to the starting lineup in the following game against Leicester City and had to be substituted because of a hamstring injury which ruled him out of a few games for Leeds.^[17] Watt returned from injury as a second half substitute against Middlesbrough.

After it was previously anticipated that Watt wouldn't be available for Leeds to face Arsenal in the FA Cup clash. On 5 January, Arsenal confirmed Watt is allowed to play for Leeds against them.^[18] Watt started the game for Leeds on 8 January, as he helped his club earn a draw against Arsenal.^[19] He scored his first goal for Leeds against Scunthorpe United on 15 January.^[20] Several spells out injured have disrupted Watt's appearances for Leeds. Leeds announced on their official website that Watt would be returning to Arsenal at the end of his loan spell.^[21]

Sheffield Wednesday loan[link]

On 23 November 2011, it was announced that Watt was joining Sheffield Wednesday on a loan deal until mid-January 2012. Watt had a promising debut away at Oldham, starting as a striker before changing to a winger at half-time and creating a goal.^[22] On 16 January 2012, Owls manager Gary Megson announced that he would not be extending Watt's loan spell at the club, stating that he was not up to the physical demands of League One football.^[23]

Crawley Town loan[link]

On 26 January 2012, it was announced that Watt had joined Crawley Town on a loan deal until the end of the season. Watt will wear the number 10 shirt.

International career[link]

Watt has represented England at under-16, under-17 and under-19 levels. In addition to England, he is also eligible to represent Jamaica and Wales.^[24]

Style of play[link]

Arsène Wenger has said of Watt "I like his movement, his sharpness, his great work rate, his left-footed quality. I believe he is determined."^[25]

Club career statistics[link]

As of 29 January 2012.

Honours[link]

Arsenal

Winner:

• Premier Academy League: 2008–09
• FA Youth Cup: 2008–09

Leeds United

Runner-up:

• Football League One: 2009–10

References[link]

External links[link]

• Sanchez Watt career stats at Soccerbase
• Sanchez Watt on Twitter

The watt ( /ˈwɒt/ WOT; symbol: W) is a derived unit of power in the International System of Units (SI), named after the Scottish engineer James Watt (1736–1819). The unit, defined as one joule per second, measures the rate of energy conversion or transfer.

Definition[link]

• One watt is the rate at which work is done when an object's velocity is held constant at one meter per second against constant opposing force of one newton.

Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable; please see math/README to configure.): \mathrm{W = \frac{J}{s} = \frac{N\cdot m}{s} = \frac{kg\cdot m^2}{s^3}}

• In terms of electromagnetism, one watt is the rate at which work is done when one ampere (A) of current flows through an electrical potential difference of one volt (V).

Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable; please see math/README to configure.): \mathrm{W = V \cdot A}

Two additional unit conversions for watt can be found using the above equation and Ohm's Law.

Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable; please see math/README to configure.): \mathrm{W = \frac{V^2}{\Omega} = A^2\cdot\Omega}

Where ohm (Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable; please see math/README to configure.): \Omega

) is the SI derived unit of electrical resistance.

Examples[link]

• A person having a mass of 100 kilograms who climbs a 3 meter high ladder in 5 seconds is doing work at a rate of about 600 watts. Mass times acceleration due to gravity times height divided by the time it takes to lift the object to the given height gives the rate of doing work or power.^{[notes 1]}
• A laborer over the course of an 8-hour day can sustain an average output of about 75 watts; higher power levels can be achieved for short intervals and by athletes.^[1]

• A medium-sized passenger automobile engine is rated at 50 to 150 kilowatts^[2] – while cruising it will typically yield half that amount.
• A typical household incandescent light bulb has a power rating of 25 to 100 watts; fluorescent lamps typically consume 5 to 30 watts to produce a similar amount of light.

• A typical coal power station produces around 600 - 700 megawatts. A typical unit in a nuclear power plant has an electrical power output of 900 - 1300 MW.

Origin and adoption as an SI unit[link]

The watt is named after the Scottish scientist James Watt for his contributions to the development of the steam engine. The unit was recognized by the Second Congress of the British Association for the Advancement of Science in 1882. The 11th General Conference on Weights and Measures in 1960 adopted it for the measurement of power into the International System of Units (SI).

Multiples[link]

For additional examples of magnitude for multiples and submultiples of the watt, see Orders of magnitude (power)

Femtowatt[link]

The femtowatt is equal to one quadrillionth (10⁻¹⁵) of a watt. Technologically important powers that are measured in femtowatts are typically found in reference(s) to radio and radar receivers. For example, meaningful FM tuner performance figures for sensitivity, quieting and signal-to-noise require that the RF energy applied to the antenna input be specified. These input levels are often stated in dBf (decibels referenced to 1 femtowatt). This is 0.2739 microvolt across a 75 ohm load or 0.5477 microvolt across a 300 ohm load; the specification takes into account the RF input impedance of the tuner.

Picowatt[link]

The picowatt is equal to one trillionth (10⁻¹²) of a watt. Technologically important powers that are measured in picowatts are typically used in reference to radio and radar receivers, acoustics and also in the science of radio astronomy.

Nanowatt[link]

The nanowatt is equal to one billionth (10⁻⁹) of a watt. A surface area of one square meter on Earth receives one nanowatt of power from a single star of apparent magnitude +3.5. Important powers that are measured in nanowatts are also typically used in reference to radio and radar receivers.

Microwatt[link]

The microwatt is equal to one millionth (10⁻⁶) of a watt. Important powers that are measured in microwatts are typically stated in medical instrumentation systems such as the EEG and the EKG, in a wide variety of scientific and engineering instruments and also in reference to radio and radar receivers. Compact solar cells for devices such as calculators and watches are typically measured in microwatts.^[3]

Milliwatt[link]

The milliwatt is equal to one thousandth (10⁻³) of a watt. A typical laser pointer outputs about five milliwatts of light power, whereas a typical hearing aid for people consumes less than one milliwatt.^[4]

Kilowatt[link]

The kilowatt is equal to one thousand (10³) watts. This unit is typically used to express the output power of engines and the power consumption of electric motors, tools, machines, and heaters. It is also a common unit used to express the electromagnetic power output of broadcast radio and television transmitters.

One kilowatt of power is approximately equal to 1.34 horsepower. A small electric heater with one heating element can use 1.0 kilowatt, which is equivalent to the power consumption of a household in the United States averaged over the entire year (8900 kW h divided by 365×24 hours).^[5] (UK household consume about half this amount)^[6] Also, kilowatts of light power can be measured in the output pulses of some lasers.

A surface area of one square meter on Earth receives typically one kilowatt of power of sunlight from the sun (on a clear day at mid day).

Megawatt[link]

The megawatt is equal to one million (10⁶) watts. Many events or machines produce or sustain the conversion of energy on this scale, including lightning strikes; large electric motors; large warships such as aircraft carriers, cruisers, and submarines; large server farms or data centers; and some scientific research equipment, such as supercolliders, and also in the output pulses of very large lasers. A large residential or commercial building may consume several megawatts in electric power and heat.

The productive capacity of electrical generators operated by a utility company is often measured in megawatts. A typical wind turbine (or wind energy converter) has a power capacity of 1 to 3 MW. On railways, modern high-powered electric locomotives typically have a peak power output of 5 or 6 MW, although some produce much more. The Eurostar, for example, consumes more than 12 MW, while heavy diesel-electric locomotives typically produce/consume 3 to 5 MW. U.S. nuclear power plants have net summer capacities between about 500 and 1300 MW.^[7]

The earliest citing of the megawatt in the Oxford English Dictionary (OED) is a reference in the 1900 Webster's International Dictionary of English Language. The OED also states that megawatt appeared in a 28 November 1947 article in the journal Science (506:2).

Gigawatt[link]

The gigawatt is equal to one billion (10⁹) watts or 1 gigawatt = 1000 megawatts. This unit is sometimes used for large power plants or power grids. For example, by the end of 2010 power shortages in China's Shanxi province were expected to increase to 5–6 GW^[8] and the installed capacity of wind power in Germany was 25.8 GW.^[9] The largest unit (out of four) of the Belgian Nuclear Plant Doel has a peak output of 1.04 GW.^[10]

Though “gigawatt” is usually pronounced today with a velar "g", the “j” alveopalatal variant is also accepted (see giga-#Pronunciation).^[11][12]

Terawatt[link]

The terawatt is equal to one trillion (10¹²) watts. The total power used by humans worldwide (about 16 TW in 2006) is commonly measured in this unit. The most powerful lasers from the mid-1960s to the mid-1990s produced power in terawatts, but only for nanosecond time frames. The average strike of lightning peaks at 1 terawatt, but these strokes only last for 30 microseconds. The total power output of the first stage of the Apollo Saturn V moon rocket was 17 terawatts.

Petawatt[link]

The petawatt is equal to one quadrillion (10¹⁵) watts and can be produced by the current generation of lasers for time-scales on the order of femtoseconds (10⁻¹⁵ s). Based on the average of 1.366 kW/m² of total solar irradiance^[13] the total power of sunlight striking Earth's atmosphere is estimated at 174 PW (cf. Solar Constant).

Electrical and thermal watts[link]

In the electric power industry, megawatt electrical (abbreviation: MW_e^[14] or MWe^[15]) is a term that refers to electric power, while megawatt thermal or thermal megawatt^[16] (abbreviations: MW_t, MW_th, MWt, or MWth) refers to thermal power produced. Other SI prefixes are sometimes used, for example gigawatt electrical (GW_e).^{[notes 2]}

For example, the Embalse nuclear power plant in Argentina uses a fission reactor to generate 2109 MW_t of heat, which creates steam to drive a turbine, which generates 648 MW_e of electricity. The difference is due to the inefficiency of steam-turbine generators and the limitations of the theoretical Carnot Cycle.

Confusion of watts, watt-hours, and watts per hour[link]

The terms power and energy are frequently confused. Power is the rate at which energy is generated or consumed.

For example, when a light bulb with a power rating of 100W is turned on for one hour, the energy used is 100 watt-hours (W•h), 0.1 kilowatt-hour, or 360 kJ. This same amount of energy would light a 40-watt bulb for 2.5 hours, or a 50-watt bulb for 2 hours. A power station would be rated in multiples of watts, but its annual energy sales would be in multiples of watt-hours. A kilowatt-hour is the amount of energy equivalent to a steady power of 1 kilowatt running for 1 hour, or 3.6 MJ (1000 watts x 3600 seconds (i.e., 60 seconds/minute x 60 minutes/hour) = 3600000 Joules = 3.6 MJ).

Terms such as watts per hour are often misused.^[17] Watts per hour properly refers to the change of power per hour. Watts per hour (W/h) might be useful to characterize the ramp-up behavior of power plants. For example, a power plant that reaches a power output of 1 MW from 0 MW in 15 minutes has a ramp-up rate of 4 MW/h. Hydroelectric power plants have a very high ramp-up rate, which makes them particularly useful in peak load and emergency situations.

Major energy production or consumption is often expressed as terawatt-hours for a given period that is often a calendar year or financial year. One terawatt-hour is equal to a sustained power of approximately 114 megawatts for a period of one year.

The watt second is a unit of energy, equal to the joule. One kilowatt-hour is 3,600,000 watt-seconds. The watt-second is used, for example, to rate the energy storage of flash lamps used in photography, although the term joule is normally used rather than watt-second.

See also[link]

Energy portal

Notes[link]

References[link]

External links[link]

Look up watt in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

• Nelson, Robert A., "The International System of Units Its History and Use in Science and Industry". Via Satellite, February 2000.
• Online Conversion - Power Conversion

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