Aids orphans in Malawi

An AIDS orphan is a child who became an orphan because one or both parents died from AIDS.

In statistics from the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS), the World Health Organization (WHO) and the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF), the term is used for a child whose mother has died due to AIDS before the child's 15th birthday, regardless of whether the father is still alive.^[1] As a result of this definition, one study estimated that 80% of all AIDS orphans still have one living parent.^[2]

There are 70,000 new AIDS orphans a year.^[3] By the year 2010, it is estimated that over 20 million children will be orphaned by AIDS.^[4]

Because AIDS affects mainly those who are sexually active, AIDS-related deaths are often people who are their family's primary wage earners. The resulting AIDS orphans frequently depend on the state for care and financial support, particularly in Africa.^[5]

The highest number of orphans due to AIDS alive in 2007 was in South Africa^[5] (although the definition of AIDS orphan in South African statistics includes children up to the age of 18 who have lost either biological parent).^[6] In 2005 the highest number of AIDS orphans as a percentage of all orphans was in Zimbabwe.^[5]

See also[link]

• List of AIDS-related topics

References[link]

1. ^ UNAIDS.org PDF
2. ^ Stuijt, Adriana (04 April 2009). "South Africa's 3,4-million Aids-orphans to get 'adult' rights". http://www.digitaljournal.com/article/270409. 
3. ^ AIDS Orphan's Preventable Death Challenges Those Left Behind, by Tony Karon, June 01, 2001
4. ^ Project Aids Orphan
5. ^ ^{a b c} "AIDS orphans". Avert. Archived from the original on 9 October 2006. http://www.avert.org/aidsorphans.htm. Retrieved 2006-10-08. 
6. ^ children count Government of South Africa

External links[link]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Aids orphans

• AIDS Orphan Resources Around the Globe
• !Nam Child Wiki (Namibian Wiki on Children)

Jim Lehrer
Lehrer at the 2007 Texas Book Festival
Born	James Charles Lehrer (1934-05-19) May 19, 1934 (age 78) Wichita, Kansas, USA
Education	Victoria College (Texas) University of Missouri
Occupation	Journalist, news anchor, author
Notable credit(s)	PBS NewsHour The Dallas Morning News The Dallas Times Herald
Spouse	Kate Lehrer (1960-present)

James Charles "Jim" Lehrer ( /ˈlɛrə/; born May 19, 1934) is an American journalist and the executive editor and former news anchor for PBS NewsHour on PBS, known for his role as a frequent debate moderator during elections. Lehrer is an author of non-fiction and fiction, drawing from his experiences and interests in history and politics.

Early years[link]

Lehrer was born in Wichita, Kansas, the son of Lois Catherine (née Chapman), a bank clerk, and Harry Frederick Lehrer, a bus station manager.^[1] He attended middle school in Beaumont, Texas, and graduated from Thomas Jefferson High School (San Antonio, TX), where he was one of the three sports editors at the Jefferson Declaration. He also graduated from Victoria College in Texas and the Missouri School of Journalism at the University of Missouri. Lehrer joined the United States Marine Corps^[2] and attributes his service and travels with helping him to look past himself and feel a connection to the world that he would not have otherwise experienced.^[3]

Career[link]

Lehrer began his career in journalism at The Dallas Morning News and the Dallas Times-Herald, where he covered the assassination of John F. Kennedy in 1963. From 1970 to 1973, Lehrer anchored the local single-story news show, Newsroom on KERA-TV, the local Public Broadcasting affiliate station in Dallas. Lehrer began working with PBS network in 1973, and in 1975 developed and co-anchored The MacNeil/Lehrer Report with Robert MacNeil. The news show was later renamed The MacNeil/Lehrer NewsHour, and after MacNeil's departure in 1995 was named The NewsHour with Jim Lehrer and finally PBS NewsHour in 2009.

Nicknamed the "Dean of Moderators" by CNN's Bernard Shaw, Lehrer has moderated eleven presidential candidate debates,^[4] with the most recent being the presidential debate between senators Barack Obama and John McCain on September 26, 2008.

Lehrer underwent a heart valve surgery in April 2008, and, while he recuperated, Ray Suarez anchored in his stead until his return on June 28, 2008.^[5]

On May 12, 2011, Lehrer announced he would be stepping down as anchor of PBS NewsHour on June 6, 2011, but would continue to moderate the Friday news analysis segments, and would continue to be involved with the show's production company, MacNeil/Lehrer Productions.^[6]

Personal life[link]

Lehrer is a bus enthusiast. His father was a bus driver and also briefly operated a bus company. As a college student in the 1950s, he worked as a Trailways ticket agent in Victoria, Texas. He is a supporter of the Pacific Bus Museum in Williams, California and the Museum of Bus Transportation in Hershey, Pennsylvania. He is a collector of bus memorabilia, including depot signs, driver caps, and antique toy buses.

Lehrer is married to the novelist Kate Lehrer. They have three daughters and six grandchildren.

Honors and awards[link]

• American Academy of Arts and Sciences Fellow (1991)
• University of Missouri School of Journalism's Medal of Honor
• William Allen White Foundation Award for Journalistic Merit
• George Foster Peabody Award
• Fred Friendly First Amendment Award,
• Emmy Award
• National Academy of Television Arts and Sciences Silver Circle (1999)
• Television Hall of Fame (1999)
• National Humanities Medal (1999)

Bibliography[link]

Novels (One-Eyed Mack Series)

• Lehrer, Jim (1988). Kick the Can. New York: Putnam. ISBN 0-399-13350-X. 
• Lehrer, Jim (1989). Crown Oklahoma. New York: Putnam. ISBN 0-399-13434-4. 
• Lehrer, Jim (1990). The Sooner Spy. New York: Putnam. ISBN 0-399-13536-7. 
• Lehrer, Jim (1991). Lost and Found. New York: Putnam. ISBN 0-399-13601-0. 
• Lehrer, Jim (1992). Short List. New York: Putnam. ISBN 0-399-13665-7. 
• Lehrer, Jim (1994). Fine Lines. New York: Random House. ISBN 0-517-16435-3. 

Novels (Charlie Henderson Series)

• Lehrer, Jim (1993). Blue Hearts. New York: Random House. ISBN 0-679-42216-1. 
• Lehrer, Jim (1998). Purple Dots. New York: Random House. ISBN 0-679-45237-0. 

Novels (Stand-alone)

• Lehrer, Jim (1966). Viva Max!. New York: Duell, Sloan & Pearce. ASIN B001TNUMVE. 
• Lehrer, Jim (1995). The Last Debate. New York: Random House. ISBN 0-517-17761-7. 
• Lehrer, Jim (1996). White Widow. New York: Random House. ISBN 0-679-45236-2. 
• Lehrer, Jim (2000). The Special Prisoner. New York: Random House. ISBN 0-375-50371-4. 
• Lehrer, Jim (2002). No Certain Rest. New York: Random House. ISBN 0-375-50372-2. 
• Lehrer, Jim (2004). Flying Crows: A Novel. New York: Random House. ISBN 1-4000-6197-0. 
• Lehrer, Jim (2005). The Franklin Affair. New York: Random House. ISBN 1-4000-6198-9. 
• Lehrer, Jim (2005). False Moves. New York: Random House. ISBN 1-4000-6198-9. 
• Lehrer, Jim (2006). The Phony Marine. New York: Random House. ISBN 1-4000-6486-4. 
• Lehrer, Jim (2007). Eureka. New York: Random House. ISBN 1-4000-6487-2. 
• Lehrer, Jim (2009). Oh, Johnny. New York: Random House. ISBN 1-4000-6762-6. 
• Lehrer, Jim (2010). Super. New York: Random House. ISBN 978-1-4000-6763-3. 

Memoirs

• Lehrer, Jim (1975). We Were Dreamers. New York: Atheneum. ISBN 0-689-10693-9. 
• Lehrer, Jim (1992). A Bus of My Own. New York: Putnam. ISBN 0-399-13765-3. 

Screenplays

• White Widow screenplay is currently^[when?] being written by Luke Wilson
• Viva Max! (1970) writing credit with Elliott Baker

Plays

• The Will and Bart Show
• Church Key Charlie Blue
• Chili Queen

References[link]

Further reading[link]

• Art at Our Doorstep: San Antonio Writers and Artists featuring Jim Lehrer. Edited by Nan Cuba and Riley Robinson (Trinity University Press, 2008).

External links[link]

United States Marine Corps portal

Wikisource has original works written by or about: Jim Lehrer

• Biography on PBS NewsHour
• Appearances on C-SPAN
• Jim Lehrer on Charlie Rose
• Jim Lehrer at the Internet Movie Database
• Works by or about Jim Lehrer in libraries (WorldCat catalog)
• 1998 UW Commencement Speech
• Write TV Public Television Interview with Jim Lehrer
• Archive of American Television interview
• A conversation with Jim Lehrer, on The Media Report, 10 May 2007
• Jim Lehrer discusses his novel, The Phony Marine (video)