getty, short for "get teletype", is a Unix program running on a host computer that manages physical or virtual terminals (tty). When it detects a connection, it prompts for a username and runs the 'login' program to authenticate the user. It is usually called by init.
Originally, on traditional Unix systems, getty handled connections to serial terminals (often teletype machines) connected to a host computer. The 'tty' part of the name stands for teletype, but has come to mean any type of text terminal. One getty process serves one terminal. In some systems, for example Solaris, getty was replaced by ttymon.
Personal computers running Unix-like operating systems, even if they do not provide any remote login services, may still use getty as a means of logging in on a local virtual console.
Instead of the 'login' program, getty may also be set up by the system administrator to run any other program, for example a PPP daemon to provide dial-up Internet access.
Unix (officially trademarked as UNIX, sometimes also written as Unix) is a multitasking, multi-user computer operating system originally developed in 1969 by a group of AT&T employees at Bell Labs, including Ken Thompson, Dennis Ritchie, Brian Kernighan, Douglas McIlroy, and Joe Ossanna. The Unix operating system was first developed in assembly language, but by 1973 had been almost entirely recoded in C, greatly facilitating its further development and porting to other hardware. Today's Unix system evolution is split into various branches, developed over time by AT&T as well as various commercial vendors, universities (such as University of California, Berkeley's BSD), and non-profit organizations.
The Open Group, an industry standards consortium, owns the UNIX trademark. Only systems fully compliant with and certified according to the Single UNIX Specification are qualified to use the trademark; others might be called Unix system-like or Unix-like, although the Open Group disapproves of this term. However, the term Unix is often used informally to denote any operating system that closely resembles the trademarked system.
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