- published: 13 Sep 2012
- views: 2606
- author: HarryPotter2875
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Real Names of WWE Superstars
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:40
- Updated: 05 Aug 2013
The real names of WWE superstars and other WWE personnel. Music: "Break the Walls Down", in honor of Chris Jericho. Hopefully he will be back in 2013.
http://wn.com/Real_Names_of_WWE_Superstars
The real names of WWE superstars and other WWE personnel. Music: "Break the Walls Down", in honor of Chris Jericho. Hopefully he will be back in 2013.
Booker T Turning Heel? | Full List Of WWE Personnel Confirmed For WM29 Fan Axxess (READ DESCRIPTION)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:16
- Updated: 28 Mar 2013
"Copyright Disclaimer Under Section 107 of the Copyright Act 1976, allowance is made for "fair use" for purposes such as criticism, comment, news reporting, ...
http://wn.com/Booker_T_Turning_Heel?_|_Full_List_Of_WWE_Personnel_Confirmed_For_WM29_Fan_Axxess_READ_DESCRIPTION
"Copyright Disclaimer Under Section 107 of the Copyright Act 1976, allowance is made for "fair use" for purposes such as criticism, comment, news reporting, ...
- published: 25 Mar 2013
- views: 559
- author: wweiceman96V12
Wrestlers/Personnel Real Names part 1
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 7:08
- Updated: 24 Sep 2013
Batista theme song
Chris Jericho 1999 theme song
http://wn.com/Wrestlers_Personnel_Real_Names_part_1
Batista theme song
Chris Jericho 1999 theme song
- published: 24 Sep 2013
- views: 13
Wrestlers/Personnel Real Names part 3
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 7:08
- Updated: 25 Sep 2013
RAW 1998 theme song
HHH "My Time" theme song
http://wn.com/Wrestlers_Personnel_Real_Names_part_3
RAW 1998 theme song
HHH "My Time" theme song
- published: 25 Sep 2013
- views: 12
Wrestlers/Personnel Real Names part 6
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:13
- Updated: 28 Sep 2013
Edge theme song
http://wn.com/Wrestlers_Personnel_Real_Names_part_6
Edge theme song
- published: 28 Sep 2013
- views: 11
WWE personnel records us for preshow
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:46
- Updated: 12 Apr 2013
This was when WWE personnel approached us to make a video for preshow. Sorry for the camera work. Didn't want them to see me recording. Lol.
http://wn.com/WWE_personnel_records_us_for_preshow
This was when WWE personnel approached us to make a video for preshow. Sorry for the camera work. Didn't want them to see me recording. Lol.
- published: 12 Apr 2013
- views: 19
- author: DannyBoy0619
Wrestlers/Personnel Real Names part 2
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 7:08
- Updated: 24 Sep 2013
Undertaker 2003 theme song
AJ Styles theme song
Jeff Jarrett TNA theme song
http://wn.com/Wrestlers_Personnel_Real_Names_part_2
Undertaker 2003 theme song
AJ Styles theme song
Jeff Jarrett TNA theme song
- published: 24 Sep 2013
- views: 10
WWE Tribute to the TROOPS 2012
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:32
- Updated: 13 Aug 2013
USA Network and NBC will honor the United States Armed Forces with its 10th annual holiday special, WWE Tribute to the Troops presented by Slim Jim. The 10th...
http://wn.com/WWE_Tribute_to_the_TROOPS_2012
USA Network and NBC will honor the United States Armed Forces with its 10th annual holiday special, WWE Tribute to the Troops presented by Slim Jim. The 10th...
- published: 17 Dec 2012
- views: 7144
- author: VibenonFilms
Wrestlers/Personnel Real Names part 4
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 7:08
- Updated: 25 Sep 2013
Edge 2003 theme song
randy orton theme song "i hear voices"
TNA theme song
http://wn.com/Wrestlers_Personnel_Real_Names_part_4
Edge 2003 theme song
randy orton theme song "i hear voices"
TNA theme song
- published: 25 Sep 2013
- views: 4
WWE Tribute to the TROOPS 2012 - Part 2
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:42
- Updated: 09 Aug 2013
USA Network and NBC will honor the United States Armed Forces with its 10th annual holiday special, WWE Tribute to the Troops presented by Slim Jim. The 10th...
http://wn.com/WWE_Tribute_to_the_TROOPS_2012_Part_2
USA Network and NBC will honor the United States Armed Forces with its 10th annual holiday special, WWE Tribute to the Troops presented by Slim Jim. The 10th...
- published: 22 Dec 2012
- views: 11117
- author: VibenonFilms
WWE Tribute to the TROOPS 2012 - Part 3
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:44
- Updated: 01 Jun 2013
USA Network and NBC will honor the United States Armed Forces with its 10th annual holiday special, WWE Tribute to the Troops presented by Slim Jim. The 10th...
http://wn.com/WWE_Tribute_to_the_TROOPS_2012_Part_3
USA Network and NBC will honor the United States Armed Forces with its 10th annual holiday special, WWE Tribute to the Troops presented by Slim Jim. The 10th...
- published: 22 Dec 2012
- views: 2366
- author: VibenonFilms
Outside the Ring - Behind-the-Scenes of Raw 1,000 Commercial - Episode 13
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:11
- Updated: 19 Aug 2013
What's the best way to tell the world to tune in to Raw's historic 1000th episode at 8/7 CT on Monday, July 23 on USA Network? Watch an exclusive, behind-th...
http://wn.com/Outside_the_Ring_Behind-the-Scenes_of_Raw_1,000_Commercial_Episode_13
What's the best way to tell the world to tune in to Raw's historic 1000th episode at 8/7 CT on Monday, July 23 on USA Network? Watch an exclusive, behind-th...
- published: 12 Jul 2012
- views: 589004
- author: WWE
story time 5
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 6:15
- Updated: 11 Apr 2013
no copyright infringement intended as there are things i dont own in this vid. ENJOY.
http://wn.com/story_time_5
no copyright infringement intended as there are things i dont own in this vid. ENJOY.
- published: 11 Apr 2013
- views: 8
gabe heel whoa come 1 23 2013
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:21
- Updated: 27 Jan 2013
http://wn.com/gabe_heel_whoa_come_1_23_2013
- published: 27 Jan 2013
- views: 3
BREAKING NEWS - WWE Superstars Injured after Money in the Bank PPV, RVD & CM Punk Receive Stitches
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:33
- Updated: 29 Jul 2013
BREAKING NEWS - WWE Superstars Injured after Money in the Bank PPV, RVD & CM Punk Receive Stitches (Article Below) Both RVD and CM Punk were treated backstag...
http://wn.com/BREAKING_NEWS_WWE_Superstars_Injured_after_Money_in_the_Bank_PPV,_RVD_CM_Punk_Receive_Stitches
BREAKING NEWS - WWE Superstars Injured after Money in the Bank PPV, RVD & CM Punk Receive Stitches (Article Below) Both RVD and CM Punk were treated backstag...
- published: 15 Jul 2013
- views: 892
- author: MRWWEReport
WWE RAW REVIEW / REPLAY / RECAP 7/8/2013
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:16
- Updated: 30 Jul 2013
Comment & Enjoy Ring name Real name Notes Alberto Del Rio[3] Alberto Rodríguez[4] World Heavyweight Champion Alex Riley[5] Kevin Kiley, Jr.[6] Also color com...
http://wn.com/WWE_RAW_REVIEW_REPLAY_RECAP_7_8_2013
Comment & Enjoy Ring name Real name Notes Alberto Del Rio[3] Alberto Rodríguez[4] World Heavyweight Champion Alex Riley[5] Kevin Kiley, Jr.[6] Also color com...
- published: 09 Jul 2013
- views: 301
- author: TWOLDRTURD1
WWE RAW REVIEW 7/15/2013
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:33
- Updated: 17 Aug 2013
Comment & Enjoy Ring name Real name Notes Alberto Del Rio[3] Alberto Rodríguez[4] World Heavyweight Champion Alex Riley[5] Kevin Kiley, Jr.[6] Also color com...
http://wn.com/WWE_RAW_REVIEW_7_15_2013
Comment & Enjoy Ring name Real name Notes Alberto Del Rio[3] Alberto Rodríguez[4] World Heavyweight Champion Alex Riley[5] Kevin Kiley, Jr.[6] Also color com...
- published: 16 Jul 2013
- views: 844
- author: TWOLDRTURD1
WWE Royal Rumble 2012 Official Theme Song - "Dark Horses" by Switchfoot [ HD ]
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:49
- Updated: 07 May 2013
L'édition 2012 du Royal Rumble est la vingt-cinquième édition du Royal Rumble, une manifestation annuelle de catch (lutte professionnelle) télédiffusée et vi...
http://wn.com/WWE_Royal_Rumble_2012_Official_Theme_Song_Dark_Horses_by_Switchfoot_HD_
L'édition 2012 du Royal Rumble est la vingt-cinquième édition du Royal Rumble, une manifestation annuelle de catch (lutte professionnelle) télédiffusée et vi...
- published: 15 Feb 2013
- views: 26
- author: Nathaniel Foncy
Randy Orton gets attacked by Fan at Live Event in South Africa (Live Footage)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:25
- Updated: 19 Aug 2013
There was a scary moment at today's WWE live event in Cape Town, South Africa, as Randy Orton was attacked by a fan following his match against Big E Langsto...
http://wn.com/Randy_Orton_gets_attacked_by_Fan_at_Live_Event_in_South_Africa_Live_Footage
There was a scary moment at today's WWE live event in Cape Town, South Africa, as Randy Orton was attacked by a fan following his match against Big E Langsto...
- published: 31 Jul 2013
- views: 94101
- author: VodkaReloaded
Amy Weber - Hero (Official Tribute Music Video) HD
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:25
- Updated: 13 Aug 2013
https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/hero-single/id671850961 Dedicated to all of the selfless men and women who risk and sacrifice their lives so that we may li...
http://wn.com/Amy_Weber_Hero_Official_Tribute_Music_Video_HD
https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/hero-single/id671850961 Dedicated to all of the selfless men and women who risk and sacrifice their lives so that we may li...
- published: 23 Jul 2013
- views: 2623
- author: amyweber
Tribute To Deceased Wrestlers/Personnel
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 8:53
- Updated: 14 Sep 2013
http://wn.com/Tribute_To_Deceased_Wrestlers_Personnel
- published: 14 Sep 2013
- views: 36
NoDQ&AV; #197: Edge wrestling one more match, WWE's declining audience, and more
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 11:06
- Updated: 21 May 2013
NoDQ.com owner Aaron Rift continues his NoDQ&A; series in video format! Please subscribe and spread the word about this channel! Submit questions at http://ww...
http://wn.com/NoDQ&AV;_197_Edge_wrestling_one_more_match,_WWE's_declining_audience,_and_more
NoDQ.com owner Aaron Rift continues his NoDQ&A; series in video format! Please subscribe and spread the word about this channel! Submit questions at http://ww...
- published: 04 Oct 2012
- views: 8106
- author: NoDQ.com - WWE & TNA wrestling news, results & discussion
Jesse Ventura to Military Personnel: "Remember Your Oath!"
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 44:55
- Updated: 12 Jul 2013
Alex talks with actor, author, former professional wrestler and the former governor of Minnesota, Jesse Ventura. Alex and Ventura talk about TSA whistleblowe...
http://wn.com/Jesse_Ventura_to_Military_Personnel_Remember_Your_Oath!
Alex talks with actor, author, former professional wrestler and the former governor of Minnesota, Jesse Ventura. Alex and Ventura talk about TSA whistleblowe...
- published: 27 Jun 2012
- views: 102680
- author: TheAlexJonesChannel
|
WWE is a professional wrestling promotion based in Stamford, Connecticut.[1] Employees in WWE consist of professional wrestlers, managers, play-by-play and color commentators, ring announcers, interviewers, referees, trainers, producers, script writers and various other positions. Executives and board of directors are also listed.
WWE employees' contracts range from developmental contracts to multi-year deals[2] and they appear as independent contractors.[1] Employees on the main roster appear on specific brands (Raw and SmackDown) for WWE television programming, pay-per-view and at live events, and anyone from the main roster can appear on NXT and Superstars. Developmental employees appear at Florida Championship Wrestling (FCW).
Employees and management are organized by role within the promotion. The ring name of the employee is written on the left, while the employee's real name is on the right. If a wrestler is inactive for any reason, due to injury, suspension, not wrestling in 30 days or otherwise, that information is noted.
Employees are generally assigned to a specific brand—either Raw or SmackDown. The WWE Tag Team Champions and the WWE Divas Champion can regularly appear on both Raw and SmackDown as those titles (due to being unified) can be defended on either show.
On the August 29, 2011 episode of Raw, it was announced that SmackDown wrestlers would be making regular appearances on Raw, and thus all Raw shows would now be "Supershows". On September 2, 2011 episode of SmackDown it was also announced that Raw wrestlers would be able to wrestle on SmackDown as well, effectively making both programs full roster "Supershows" for the time being (though both Raw and SmackDown continue to run separate house show tours with their respective rosters).
WWE Legends are employees/performers not assigned to any particular brand, but make periodic special appearances.
WWE refers to its male performers as "Superstars" and its female performers as "Divas". The term "Superstars" is also occasionally used to refer to all WWE performers, regardless of gender.
Main roster[link]
[edit] Raw brand
Male superstars[link]
| Ring name | Real name | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Riley, Alex !Alex Riley | Kiley, Jr., KevinKevin Kiley, Jr.[3] | [4] |
| Show, Big !Big Show | Wight, Jr., PaulPaul Wight, Jr.[5] | [6] |
| Lesnar, Brock !Brock Lesnar | Lesnar, BrockBrock Lesnar[7] | Inactive; (Kayfabe) resigned from WWE[8] |
| Clay, Brodus !Brodus Clay | Murdoch, GeorgeGeorge Murdoch[9] | [10] |
| Jericho, Chris !Chris Jericho | Irvine, ChristopherChristopher Irvine[11] | Inactive; suspended for 30 days due to denigrating a Brazilian flag during WWE's South American tour.[12] |
| Punk, CM !CM Punk | Brooks, PhilipPhilip Brooks[13] | WWE Champion[14] |
| Hawkins, Curt !Curt Hawkins | Myers, BrianBrian Myers[15] | [16] |
| Otunga, David !David Otunga | Otunga, DavidDavid Otunga[17] | Also legal advisor for Raw and SmackDown GM John Laurinaitis[18] |
| Ziggler, Dolph !Dolph Ziggler | Nemeth, NicholasNicholas Nemeth[19] | [20] |
| Johnson, Dwyane !Dwayne "The Rock" Johnson | Johnson, DwayneDwayne Johnson[21] | Inactive; hasn't appeared in 30 days[22] |
| Epico !Epico | Colón, OrlandoOrlando Colón[23] | [24] |
| Bourne, Evan !Evan Bourne | Korklan, MatthewMatthew Korklan[25] | Inactive; broken foot[26] |
| Swagger, Jack !Jack Swagger | Hager, JacobJacob Hager[27] | [28] |
| Cena, John !John Cena | Cena, JohnJohn Cena[29] | [30] |
| JTG !JTG | Paul, JaysonJayson Paul[31] | [32] |
| Kane !Kane | Jacobs, GlennGlenn Jacobs[33] | [34] |
| Kingston, Kofi !Kofi Kingston | Sarkodie-Mensah, KofiKofi Sarkodie-Mensah[35] | Tag Team Champion[36] |
| Ryan, Mason !Mason Ryan | Griffiths, BarriBarri Griffiths[37] | [38] |
| McGillicutty, Michael !Michael McGillicutty | Hennig, JosephJoseph Hennig[39] | [40] |
| Miz, The !The Miz | Mizanin, MichaelMichael Mizanin[41] | [42] |
| Primo !Primo | Colon, EdwinEdwin Colón[43] | [44] |
| Mysterio, Rey !Rey Mysterio | Gutierrez, OscarOscar Gutierrez[45] | Inactive; suspended for 60 days due to a second Wellness Policy violation[46] |
| R-Truth !R-Truth | Killings, RonaldRonald Killings[47] | Tag Team Champion[48] |
| Marella, Santino !Santino Marella | Carelli, AnthonyAnthony Carelli[49] | United States Champion[50] |
| Tensai !Tensai | Bloom, MatthewMatthew Bloom[51] | [52] |
| H, Triple !Triple H | Levesque, PaulPaul Levesque[53] | Executive Vice President, Talent (Kayfabe) Chief Operating Officer[54] |
| Reks, Tyler !Tyler Reks | Tuft, GabrielGabriel Tuft[55] | [56] |
| Ryder, Zack !Zack Ryder | Cardona, MatthewMatthew Cardona[57] | [58] |
Female superstars[link]
| Ring name | Real name | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Phoenix, Beth !Beth Phoenix | Carolan, ElizabethElizabeth Carolan[59] | [60] |
| Kelly Kelly !Kelly Kelly | Blank, BarbaraBarbara Blank[61] | [62] |
| Kharma !Kharma | Stevens, KiaKia Stevens[63] | Inactive due to personal leave after miscarriage[64] |
Other on-air employees[link]
| Ring name | Real name | Role | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| W.,A. !A.W. | Jossie, BrianBrian Jossie[65] | Agent for Primo & Epico, and Rosa Mendes | Also works in FCW[66][67] |
| Cameron !Cameron | Andrew, ArianeAriane Andrew[68] | Valet / Dancer of Brodus Clay | Also works in FCW[69][70] |
| Torres, Eve !Eve Torres | Torres, EveEve Torres[71] | Executive Administrator to Raw and SmackDown GM John Laurinaitis Occasional wrestler |
[72] |
| Laurinaitis, John !John Laurinaitis | Laurinaitis, JohnJohn Laurinaitis[73] | General Manager of both Raw and SmackDown | Executive Vice President, Talent Relations[74] |
| Roberts, Justin !Justin Roberts | Roberts, JustinJustin Roberts[75] | Ring announcer | Also ring announcer for PPV's[76] |
| Naomi !Naomi | McCray, TrinityTrinity McCray[77] | Valet / Dancer of Brodus Clay | Also works in FCW[78][79] |
| Heyman, Paul !Paul Heyman | Heyman, Jr., PaulPaul Heyman, Jr.[80] | Legal Advisor / Spokesman for Brock Lesnar | [81] |
| Sakamoto !Sakamoto | Unknown[82] | Ringside Attendant for Tensai | Also works in FCW[83][84] |
| Guerrero, Vickie !Vickie Guerrero | Guerrero, VickieVickie Guerrero[85] | Manager of Dolph Ziggler and Jack Swagger Occasional wrestler |
[86] |
[edit] SmackDown brand
Male superstars[link]
| Ring name | Real name | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Rio, Alberto Del !Alberto Del Rio | Rodríguez, AlbertoAlberto Rodríguez[87] | [88] |
| Cesaro, Antonio !Antonio Cesaro | Castagnoli, ClaudioClaudio Castagnoli[89] | Also works in FCW[90][91] |
| Camacho !Camacho | Fifita, TevitaTevita Fifita[92] | [93] |
| Christian !Christian | Reso, WilliamWilliam Reso[94] | Intercontinental Champion[95] |
| Rhodes, Cody !Cody Rhodes | Runnels, CodyCody Runnels[96] | [97] |
| Sandow, Damien !Damien Sandow | Haddad, AaronAaron Haddad[98] | [99] |
| Bryan, Daniel !Daniel Bryan | Danielson, BryanBryan Danielson[100] | [101] |
| Young, Darren !Darren Young | Rosser, FrederickFrederick Rosser[102] | [103] |
| McIntyre, Drew !Drew McIntyre | Galloway, DrewDrew Galloway[104] | [105] |
| Jackson, Ezekiel !Ezekiel Jackson | Stephens, RycklonRycklon Stephens[106] | [107] |
| Khali, The Great !The Great Khali | Rana, DalipDalip Rana[108] | [109] |
| Slater, Heath !Heath Slater | Miller, HeathHeath Miller[110] | [111] |
| Hunico !Hunico | Arias, JorgeJorge Arias[112] | [113] |
| Uso, Jey !Jey Uso | Fatu, JoshuaJoshua Fatu[114] | [115] |
| Uso, Jimmy !Jimmy Uso | Fatu, JonathanJonathan Fatu[116] | [117] |
| Mahal, Jinder !Jinder Mahal | Dhesi, YuvrajYuvraj Dhesi[118] | [119] |
| Curtis, Johnny !Johnny Curtis | Hussey, CurtisCurtis Hussey[120] | [121] |
| Gabriel, Justin !Justin Gabriel | Lloyd, Jr., PaulPaul Lloyd, Jr.[122] | [123] |
| Henry, Mark !Mark Henry | Henry, MarkMark Henry[124] | Inactive; undergone groin surgery[125] |
| Orton, Randy !Randy Orton | Orton, RandyRandy Orton[126] | Inactive; suspended for 60 days due to a second Wellness Policy violation[127] |
| Ryback !Ryback | Reeves, RyanRyan Reeves[128] | [129] |
| Sheamus !Sheamus | Farrelly, StephenStephen Farrelly[130] | World Heavyweight Champion[131] |
| Cara, Sin !Sin Cara | Urive, LuisLuis Urive[132] | [133] |
| DiBiase, Ted !Ted DiBiase | Dibiase, Ted Jr.Ted DiBiase, Jr.[134] | Inactive; broken ankle[135] |
| O'Neil, Titus !Titus O'Neil | Bullard, ThaddeusThaddeus Bullard[136] | [137] |
| Barreta, Trent !Trent Barreta | Marasciulo, GregGreg Marasciulo[138] | Inactive; hasn't appeared in 30 days[139] |
| Kidd, Tyson !Tyson Kidd | Wilson, TheodoreTheodore Wilson[140] | [141] |
| Undertaker !Undertaker | Calaway, MarkMark Calaway[142] | Inactive; hasn't appeared in 30 days[143] |
| Barrett, Wade !Wade Barrett | Bennett, StuartStuart Bennett[144] | Inactive; dislocated elbow[145] |
| Tatsu, Yoshi !Yoshi Tatsu | Yamamoto, NaofumiNaofumi Yamamoto[146] | [147] |
Female superstars[link]
| Ring name | Real name | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| AJ !AJ | Mendez, AprilApril Mendez[148] | [149] |
| Aksana !Aksana | Raudonienė, ŽivilėŽivilė Raudonienė[150] | Also valet of Antonio Cesaro[151] |
| Fox, Alicia !Alicia Fox | Crawford, VictoriaVictoria Crawford[152] | [153] |
| Kaitlyn !Kaitlyn | Bonin, CelesteCeleste Bonin[154] | [155] |
| Layla !Layla | El, LaylaLayla El[156] | Divas Champion[157] |
| Natalya !Natalya | Neidhart, NatalieNatalie Neidhart[158] | [159] |
| Snuka, Tamina !Tamina Snuka | Reiher, SaronaSarona Reiher[160] | [161] |
Other on-air employees[link]
| Ring name | Real name | Role | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Hornswoggle !Hornswoggle | Postl, DylanDylan Postl[162] | Ringside mascot Occasional wrestler |
[163] |
| Garcia, Lilian !Lilian Garcia | Garcia, LilianLilian Garcia[164] | Ring announcer | Also ring announcer for PPV's[165] |
| Rodriguez, Ricardo !Ricardo Rodriguez | Rodríguez, JesúsJesús Rodríguez[166] | Alberto Del Rio's personal ring announcer Occasional Wrestler |
[167] |
| Mendes, Rosa !Rosa Mendes | Roucka, MilenaMilena Roucka[168] | Valet of Primo & Epico Occasional wrestler |
[169] |
| Long, Theodore !Theodore Long | Long, TheodoreTheodore Long[170] | Assistant to Executive Administrator Eve Torres | [171] |
| Chimel, Tony !Tony Chimel | Chimel, AnthonyAnthony Chimel[172] | SmackDown Ring announcer on Superstars NXT Ring Announcer |
[173] |
[edit] WWE NXT
Male superstars[link]
| Ring name | Real name | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| English, Aiden !Aiden English | Rehwoldt, Matt !Matt Rehwoldt[174] | Also works in FCW[175] |
| Dallas, Bo !Bo Dallas | Rotunda, TaylorTaylor Rotunda[176] | Also works in FCW as Bo Rotundo[177] |
| Wyatt, Bray !Bray Wyatt | Rotunda, WindhamWindham Rotunda[178] | Also works in FCW as Husky Harris[179] |
| Saxton, Byron !Byron Saxton | Kelly, BryanBryan Kelly[180] | Also works in FCW[181][182] |
| Parker, CJ !CJ Parker | Robinson, Joe !Joe Robinson[183] | Also works in FCW[184] |
| O'Brian, Conor !Conor O'Brian | Parmeter, RyanRyan Parmeter[185] | Also works in FCW[186][187] |
| Graves, Corey !Corey Graves | Polinsky, MattMatt Polinsky[188] | Also works in FCW Florida Tag Team Champion[189] |
| Dash, Dante !Dante Dash | Freeman, Teon !Teon Freeman[190] | Also works in FCW[191] |
| Bateman, Derrick !Derrick Bateman | Hutter, MichaelMichael Hutter[192] | Also appears on SmackDown[193] |
| Carter, Jake !Jake Carter | White, JesseJesse White[194] | Also works in FCW Florida Tag Team Champion[195] |
| Jordan, Jason !Jason Jordan | Unknown | Also works in FCW[196] |
| Jiro !Jiro | Takizawa, HiroshiHiroshi Takizawa[197] | Also works in FCW[198] |
| Ohno, Kassius !Kassius Ohno | Spradlin, ChrisChris Spradlin[199] | Also works in FCW[200] |
| Cameron, Kenneth !Kenneth Cameron | Latimer, Tom !Tom Latimer[201] | Also works in FCW[202] |
| Kruger, Leo !Leo Kruger | Leppan, RayRay Leppan[203] | Also works in FCW[204] |
| Dalton, Mike !Mike Dalton | Clement, MattiasMattias Clement[205] | Also works in FCW[206] |
| Watson, Percy !Percy Watson | McNeil, NickNick McNeil[207] | [208] |
| Steamboat, Richie !Richie Steamboat | Blood, Jr., RichardRichard Blood, Jr.[209] | Also works in FCW FCW 15 Champion[210] |
| Victor, Rick !Rick Victor | Thompson, EricEric Thompson[211] | Also works in FCW[212] |
| Rollins, Seth !Seth Rollins | Lopez, ColbyColby Lopez[213] | Also works in FCW Florida Heavyweight Champion[214] |
Female superstars[link]
| Ring name | Real name | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Maxine !Maxine | Perez, KarleeKarlee Perez[215] | Also works in FCW[216][217] |
| Paige !Paige | Bevis, Saraya-JadeSaraya-Jade Bevis[218] | Also works in FCW[219] |
| Cortez, Sofia !Sofia Cortez | Vélez, IvelisseIvelisse Vélez[220] | Also works in FCW[221] |
Other on-air employees[link]
| Ring name | Real name | Role | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Turner, Caylee !Caylee Turner | Crawford, ChristinaChristina Crawford[222] | Ring announcer | Also works in FCW[223] |
| Rhodes, Dusty !Dusty Rhodes | Runnels, Jr., VirgilVirgil Runnels, Jr.[224] | General Manager | Also Creative Staff in FCW[225] Hall of Famer[226] |
Broadcast team[link]
| Ring name | Real name | Role |
|---|---|---|
| T, Booker !Booker T | Huffman, RobertRobert Huffman[227] | Color commentator on Smackdown & PPV's Occasional wrestler[228] |
| Lawler, Jerry !Jerry Lawler | Lawler, JerryJerry Lawler[229] | Color commentator on Raw & PPV's Occasional wrestler Hall of Famer[230] |
| Ross, Jim !Jim Ross | Ross, JamesJames Ross[231] | Play-by-play commentator on NXT Also Talent Relations Consultant Hall of Famer[232] |
| Mathews, Josh !Josh Mathews | Lomberger, JoshJosh Lomberger[233] | Play-by-play commentator on SmackDown Color commentator on WWE Superstars Backstage interviewer on Raw and PPV's[234] |
| Striker, Matt !Matt Striker | Kaye, MatthewMatthew Kaye[235] | Color commentator on WWE Superstars Host of After Burn and The WWE Experience Backstage Interviewer on Raw, SmackDown & PPV[236] |
| Cole, Michael !Michael Cole | Coulthard, MichaelMichael Coulthard[237] | Play-by-play commentator on Raw & PPV's Color commentator on SmackDown[238] |
| Stanford, Scott !Scott Stanford | Stanford, ScottScott Stanford[239] | Play-by-play commentator on WWE Superstars Host of Bottom Line, This Week in WWE and Free for All[240] |
| Regal, William !William Regal | Matthews, DarrenDarren Matthews[241] | Color commentator on NXT Occasional wrestler[242] |
Spanish Broadcast Team[link]
| Ring name | Real name | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Cabrera, Carlos !Carlos Cabrera | Cabrera, CarlosCarlos Cabrera | Spanish commentator Host of WWE En Español[243] |
| Soto, Jerry !Jerry Soto | Soto, Jerry !Jerry Soto | Spanish commentator Host of WWE En Español[244] |
| Rodriguez, Marcelo !Marcelo Rodriguez | Laprea, MarceloMarcelo Laprea | Spanish commentator Host of WWE En Español[245] |
Developmental roster[link]
[edit] Florida Championship Wrestling
Male superstars[link]
| Ring name | Real name | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Mercer, Adam !Adam Mercer | Evan Singleton[246] | [247] |
| Rusev, Alexander !Alexander Rusev | Barnyashev, Miroslav !Miroslav Barnyashev[248] | [249] |
| Langston, Big E !Big E Langston | Ewen, Ettore !Ettore Ewen[250] | [251] |
| Salazar, Benicio !Benicio Salazar | Unknown[252] | [253] |
| Maddox, Brad !Brad Maddox | Wellington, Brent !Brent Wellington[254] | [255] |
| Pierce, Briley !Briley Pierce | Nemeth, Ryan !Ryan Nemeth[256] | [257] |
| Cassady, Colin !Colin Cassady | Unknown[258] | [259] |
| Ambrose, Dean !Dean Ambrose | Good, JonathanJonathan Good[260] | [261] |
| Porter, DT !DT Porter | McGhee, Brian !Brian McGhee[262] | [263] |
| Cottonwood, Eli !Eli Cottonwood | Christianson, KippKipp Christianson[264] | [265][266] |
| Rowan, Erick !Erick Rowan | Ruud, Joseph !Joseph Ruud[267] | [268] |
| Dylan, Garrett !Garrett Dylan | Jody Kristofferson[269] | [270] |
| Bronson, James !James Bronson | Friedman, Phil !Phil Friedman[271] | [272] |
| Leakee !Leakee | Anoa'i, LeatiLeati Anoa'i[273] | [274] |
| Rogers, Nick !Nick Rogers | Spencer, Austin !Austin Spencer[275] | [276] |
| Elliot, Sonny !Sonny Elliot | Bolton, Daniel !Daniel Bolton[277] | [278] |
| Woods, Xavier !Xavier Woods | Watson, AustinAustin Watson[279] | [280] |
Female superstars[link]
| Ring name | Real name | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Marie, Audrey !Audrey Marie | Miller, Ashley !Ashley Miller[281] | [282] |
| Diaz, Raquel !Raquel Diaz | Guerrero, ShaulShaul Guerrero[283] | FCW Divas Champion Queen of FCW[284] |
| Rae, Summer !Summer Rae | Moinet, DanielleDanielle Moinet[285] | General Manager of FCW[286] |
Staff[link]
| Ring name | Real name | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Mercury, Joey !Joey Mercury | Birch, AdamAdam Birch | Training Staff[287][288] |
| Smiley, Norman !Norman Smiley | Smiley, NormanNorman Smiley | Training Staff[289][290][291] |
| Steamboat, Ricky !Ricky Steamboat | Blood, Sr., RichardRichard Blood, Sr. | Training Staff[292] Hall of Famer[293] |
| Keirn, Steve !Steve Keirn | Keirn, SteveSteve Keirn | President[294][295] |
Other personnel[link]
Referees[link]
| Ring name | Real name | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Patton, Chad !Chad Patton | Patton, Chad !Chad Patton[296] | [297] |
| Robinson, Charles !Charles Robinson | Robinson, CharlesCharles Robinson[298] | [299] |
| Doan, Jack !Jack Doan | Doan, JohnJohn Doan[300] | [301] |
| Cone, John !John Cone | Cone, JohnJohn Cone[302] | [303] |
| King, Justin !Justin King | Wilson, Noah !Noah Wilson | [304] |
| Harris, Marc !Marc Harris | Smith, Tony !Tony Smith | FCW referee[305] |
| Chioda, Mike !Mike Chioda | Chioda, MikeMike Chioda[306] | [307] |
| Zapata, Rod !Rod Zapata | Vista, Rod !Rod Vista | Also referees FCW[308][309] |
| Tran, Ryan !Ryan Tran | Nguyen, Brian !Brian Nguyen | Also referees FCW[310] |
| Armstrong, Scott !Scott Armstrong | James, Jr., JosephJoseph James, Jr. | [311] |
WWE Legends[link]
| Ring Name | Real Name | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Hart, Bret !Bret Hart | Hart, BretBret Hart | Ambassador Makes special appearances on TV shows and on International tours Hall of Famer[312] |
| Page, Diamond Dallas !Diamond Dallas Page | Falkinburg, Jr., PagePage Falkinburg, Jr. | Makes occasional appearances[313] |
| Hart, Jimmy !Jimmy Hart | Hart, JimmyJimmy Hart | Makes occasional appearances Hall of Famer[314] |
| Snuka, Jimmy !Jimmy Snuka | Reiher, JamesJames Reiher | Ambassador Makes occasional appearances Hall of Famer[315] |
| Nash, Kevin !Kevin Nash | Nash, KevinKevin Nash | Makes occasional appearances[316] |
| Young, Mae !Mae Young | Young, JohnnieJohnnie Young | Ambassador Makes occasional appearances Hall of Famer[317] |
| Foley, Mick !Mick Foley | Foley, MickMick Foley | Makes occasional appearances[318] |
| DiBiase, Ted !Ted DiBiase | DiBiase, Sr., TedTed DiBiase, Sr. | Ambassador Makes occasional appearances Hall of Famer[319] |
| Piper, Roddy !Roddy Piper | Toombs, RoderickRoderick Toombs | Ambassador Makes occasional appearances Hall of Famer[320] |
| Slaughter, Sgt. !Sgt. Slaughter | Remus, RobertRobert Remus | Ambassador Makes occasional appearances Hall of Famer[321] |
| Michaels, Shawn !Shawn Michaels | Hickenbottom, MichaelMichael Hickenbottom | Ambassador Makes occasional appearances Hall of Famer[322] |
| Austin, Stone Cold Steve !Stone Cold Steve Austin | Austin, SteveSteve Austin | Host of Tough Enough[323] Makes occasional appearances Hall of Famer[324] |
Unassigned employees[link]
| Ring name | Real name | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Tyson, Andre !Andre Tyson | Tyson, Andre !Andre Tyson | Has signed contract, yet to debut[325] |
| Fliehr Johnson, Ashley !Ashley Fliehr Johnson | Fliehr Johnson, Ashley !Ashley Fliehr Johnson | Has signed contract, yet to debut[326] |
| Draven, Austin !Austin Draven | Draven, Austin !Austin Matelson | Has signed contract, yet to debut[327] |
| Foore, Derek !Derek Foore | Foore, Derek !Derek Foore | Has signed contract, yet to debut[328] |
| Redman, Joel !Joel Redman | Redman, Joel !Joel Pettyfer | Has signed contract, yet to debut[329] |
| Huber, Jon !Jon Huber | Huber, JonJon Huber | Has signed contract, yet to debut[330] |
| Anthony, Marcus !Marcus Anthony | Anthony, Marcus !Marcus Anthony | Has signed contract, yet to debut[331] |
| St Clair, Rachelle !Rachelle St Clair | St Clair, Rachelle !Rachelle Walker | Has signed contract, yet to debut[332] |
| Ruíz, Renato !Renato Ruíz | Ruíz, RenatoRenato Ruíz[333] | Has signed contract, yet to debut[334] |
| Dashwood, Tenille !Tenille Dashwood | Dashwood, TenilleTenille Dashwood[335] | Has signed contract, yet to debut[336] |
Off-screen employees[link]
Creative writers[link]
| Ring name | Real name | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Koskey, Ed !Ed Koskey | Koskey, Ed !Ed Koskey | Head writer for SmackDown[337] |
| Eck, Kevin !Kevin Eck | Eck, Kevin !Kevin Eck | Creative Writer[338] |
| Patterson, Pat !Pat Patterson | Clemont, PierrePierre Clemont | Creative consultant Hall of Famer[339] |
| Singh, Ranjin !Ranjin Singh | Kapoor, DavidDavid Kapoor[340] | Head writer for Raw[341][342] |
| Cassielo, Tom_ !Tom Cassielo | Cassielo, Tom_ !Tom Cassielo | Assistant writer[343] |
Producers[link]
| Ring name | Real name | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Anderson, Arn !Arn Anderson | Lunde, MartinMartin Lunde | Hall of Famer[344][345] |
| DeMott, Bill !Bill DeMott | DeMott, BillBill DeMott | Also FCW trainer[346] |
| Kidman, Billy !Billy Kidman | Gruner, PeterPeter Gruner | [344][347] |
| Lanza, Blackjack !Blackjack Lanza | Lanza, JohnJohn Lanza | Hall of Famer[348] |
| Brawler, Brooklyn !Brooklyn Brawler | Lombardi, SteveSteve Lombardi | [349] |
| Malenko, Dean !Dean Malenko | Simon, DeanDean Simon | [350] |
| Wippleman, Harvey !Harvey Wippleman | Lauer, BrunoBruno Lauer | |
| Schyster, Irwin R. !Irwin R. Schyster | Rotunda, LawrenceLawrence Rotunda | [351] |
| Noble, Jamie !Jamie Noble | Gibson, JamesJames Gibson | [352] |
| Hayes, Michael !Michael Hayes | Seitz, MichaelMichael Seitz | Head of agents/producers[353][354] |
| Dogg, Road !Road Dogg | James, BrianBrian James | |
| Garea, Tony !Tony Garea | Garcia, AnthonyAnthony Garcia | [344] |
Other employees[link]
| Ring name | Real name | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Rios, Ferdinand !Ferdinand Rios | Rios, Ferdinand !Ferdinand Rios | Physician[355] |
| Okerlund, Gene !Gene Okerlund | Okerlund, GgeneGene Okerlund | Host of WWE Vintage Collection Occasional Classics On Demand host Hall of Famer[356] |
| Brisco, Gerald !Gerald Brisco | Brisco, FloydFloyd Brisco | Talent Scout Hall of Famer[357] |
| Finkel, Howard !Howard Finkel | Finkel, HowardHoward Finkel | Interviewer for WWE.com programs Chief statistician Occasional ring announcer for Raw, SmackDown and PPV's Hall of Famer[358] |
| Johnston, Jim !Jim Johnston | Johnston, JamesJim Johnston | Music director[359] |
| Luger, Lex !Lex Luger | Pfohl, LawrenceLawrence Pfohl | Wellness Policy Consultant[360] |
| Yeaton, Mark !Mark Yeaton | Yeaton, Mark !Mark Yeaton | Timekeeper[361] |
| Waltman, Sean !Sean Waltman | Waltman, SeanSean Waltman | Talent Scout / Evaluator[362] |
Corporate governance[link]
Directors[link]
| Name | Notes |
|---|---|
| Cemen, Canyon !Canyon Cemen | Director of Talent Relations[363] |
| Gaburik, John !John Gaburik | Director of On-Air Promotions[364] |
| Styles, Joey !Joey Styles | Director of Digital Media Content[365] |
| McEvoy, James !James McEvoy | Director of Digital & Sponsorship[366] |
Executive officers[link]
| Name | Notes |
|---|---|
| Judelson, Andrew !Andrew Judelson | Executive Vice President of Sales & Marketing[367] |
| Gewirtz, Brian !Brian Gewirtz | Senior Vice President of Creative Writing[341][344] |
| Flinn, Brian !Brian Flinn | Senior Vice President of Marketing[368] |
| Hayes, Dominic !Dominic Hayes | Senior Vice President of International Media Distribution[369] |
| Pankowski, Eric !Eric Pankowski | Senior Vice President, Creative & Development[370] |
| Barrios, George !George Barrios | Chief Financial Officer[371][372] |
| Luisi, Michael !Michael Luisi | President, WWE Studios and General Counsel[371][373] |
| Wilson, Michelle !Michelle Wilson | Chief Marketing Officer[371] |
| Talty, Patrick !Patrick Talty | Senior Vice President, Live Events |
| McMahon-Levesque, StephanieStephanie McMahon-Levesque[374] | Executive Vice President, Creative[375][376] |
Board of directors[link]
| Name | Notes |
|---|---|
| DeVito, Basil !Basil DeVito | Senior Advisor, Business Strategy[371] |
| Kenin, David !David Kenin | Former Executive Vice President of Programming, Hallmark Channel[371] |
| Riddick III, Frank !Frank Riddick III | Chief Executive Officer, JMC Steel Group[371] |
| Speed, Jeffrey !Jeffrey Speed | Former Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, Six Flags, Inc.[371] |
| Perkins, Joseph !Joseph Perkins | President, Communications Consultants, Inc.[371] |
| Dunn, Kevin !Kevin Dunn | Executive Vice President, Television Production, WWE[371] |
| Gottesman, Patricia !Patricia Gottesman | President & Chief Executive Officer, Crimson Hexagon |
| Goldfarb, Stuart !Stuart Goldfarb | President and Chief Executive Officer, Atrinsic, Inc.[377] |
| McMahon, VinceVince McMahon | Chairman & Chief Executive Officer, WWE Makes occasional appearances on Raw & Smackdown[378] |
See also[link]
References[link]
- ^ a b "Contact WWE". WWE. Archived from the original on 2009-02-26. http://www.webcitation.org/5esrI6vTu. Retrieved 2009-01-31.
- ^ "Live & Televised events". WWE. Archived from the original on 2009-02-26. http://www.webcitation.org/5esskNFVE. Retrieved 2009-01-31.
- ^ "Kevin Kiley". Gerweck.net. http://www.gerweck.net/2010/03/06/alex-riley/. Retrieved 2010-03-21.
- ^ "Alex Riley". WWE. http://www.wwe.com/superstars/alexriley. Retrieved 2011-03-27.
- ^ "Paul Wight, Jr.". Genickbruch.com. http://www.genickbruch.com/index.php?befehl=bios&wrestler=54. Retrieved 2010-03-21.
- ^ "Big Show". WWE. http://www.wwe.com/superstars/bigshow. Retrieved 2012-05-12.
- ^ "Brock Lesnar". Gerweck.net. http://www.gerweck.net/2010/01/18/brock-lesnar/. Retrieved 2012-05-08.
- ^ "Brock Lesnar". WWE. http://www.wwe.com/superstars/brock-lesnar. Retrieved 2012-04-07.
- ^ "George Murdoch". Gerweck.net. http://www.gerweck.net/2009/11/09/george-murdoch/. Retrieved 2010-03-21.
- ^ "Brodus Clay". WWE. http://www.wwe.com/superstars/brodusclay. Retrieved 2011-03-21.
- ^ "Christopher Irvine". Gerweck.net. http://www.gerweck.net/2009/09/05/chris-jericho/. Retrieved 2012-05-08.
- ^ "Chris Jericho". WWE. http://www.wwe.com/superstars/chrisjericho. Retrieved 2012-01-03.
- ^ "Philip Brooks". Gerweck.net. http://www.gerweck.net/2009/09/05/cm-punk/. Retrieved 2010-03-21.
- ^ "CM Punk". WWE. http://www.wwe.com/superstars/cmpunk. Retrieved 2010-10-11.
- ^ "Bryan Myers". Gerweck.net. http://www.gerweck.net/2009/09/05/curt-hawkins/. Retrieved 2012-05-26.
- ^ "Curt Hawkins". WWE. http://www.wwe.com/superstars/curthawkins. Retrieved 2012-05-22.
- ^ "David Otunga". Gerweck.net. http://www.gerweck.net/2010/02/21/david-otunga/. Retrieved 2010-03-21.
- ^ "David Otunga". WWE. http://www.wwe.com/superstars/davidotunga. Retrieved 2010-06-22.
- ^ "Nicholas Nemeth". Gerweck.net. http://www.gerweck.net/2009/09/06/dolph-ziggler/. Retrieved 2010-03-21.
- ^ "Dolph Ziggler". WWE. http://www.wwe.com/superstars/dolphziggler. Retrieved 2011-03-08.
- ^ "Dwayne Johnson". Gerweck.net. http://www.gerweck.net/2009/12/19/the-rock/. Retrieved 2012-05-08.
- ^ "Dwayne "The Rock" Johnson". WWE. http://www.wwe.com/superstars/therock. Retrieved 2012-04-26.
- ^ "Orlando Colón". Gerweck.net. http://www.gerweck.net/2011/11/14/epico/. Retrieved 2012-05-08.
- ^ "Epico". WWE. http://www.wwe.com/superstars/epico. Retrieved 2012-05-06.
- ^ "Matthew Korklan". Gerweck.net. http://www.gerweck.net/2009/09/02/evan-bourne/. Retrieved 2010-03-21.
- ^ "Evan Bourne". WWE. http://www.wwe.com/superstars/evanbourne. Retrieved 2009-06-30.
- ^ "Jacob Hager". Gerweck.net. http://www.gerweck.net/2009/09/05/jack-swagger/. Retrieved 2010-03-21.
- ^ "Jack Swagger". WWE. http://www.wwe.com/superstars/jackswagger. Retrieved 2010-04-03.
- ^ "John Cena". Gerweck.net. http://www.gerweck.net/2009/09/05/john-cena/. Retrieved 2009-09-05.
- ^ "John Cena". WWE. http://www.wwe.com/superstars/johncena. Retrieved 2010-12-14.
- ^ "Jayson Paul". Gerweck.net. http://www.gerweck.net/2009/10/02/jtg/. Retrieved 2010-03-21.
- ^ "JTG". WWE. http://www.wwe.com/superstars/jtg. Retrieved 2009-04-15.
- ^ "Glenn Jacobs". Genickbruch.com. http://www.genickbruch.com/index.php?befehl=bios&wrestler=33. Retrieved 2010-10-04.
- ^ "Kane". WWE. http://www.wwe.com/superstars/kane. Retrieved 2009-04-14.
- ^ "Kofi Sarkodie-Mensah". Gerweck.net. http://www.gerweck.net/2009/09/05/kofi-kingston/. Retrieved 2010-03-21.
- ^ "Kofi Kingston". WWE. http://www.wwe.com/superstars/kofikingston. Retrieved 2010-04-27.
- ^ "Barri Griffiths". Gerweck.net. http://www.gerweck.net/2011/01/18/mason-ryan/. Retrieved 2012-05-08.
- ^ "Mason Ryan". WWE. http://www.wwe.com/superstars/masonryan. Retrieved 2011-01-24.
- ^ "Joseph Hennig". Gerweck.net. http://www.gerweck.net/2010/06/02/michael-mcgillicutty/. Retrieved 2010-03-21.
- ^ "Michael McGillicutty". WWE. http://www.wwe.com/superstars/michaelmcgillicutty. Retrieved 2010-10-26.
- ^ "Michael Mizanin". Gerweck.net. http://www.gerweck.net/2009/09/12/the-miz/. Retrieved 2010-03-21.
- ^ "The Miz". WWE. http://www.wwe.com/superstars/themiz. Retrieved 2009-04-14.
- ^ "Edwin Colón". Gerweck.net. http://www.gerweck.net/2009/10/02/primo-colon/. Retrieved 2010-03-21.
- ^ "Primo". WWE. http://www.wwe.com/superstars/primo. Retrieved 2009-04-15.
- ^ "Oscar Gutierrez". Gerweck.net. http://www.gerweck.net/2009/08/29/rey-mysterio/. Retrieved 2010-03-21.
- ^ "Rey Mysterio". WWE. http://www.wwe.com/superstars/reymysterio. Retrieved 2009-04-15.
- ^ "Ronald Killings". Gerweck.net. http://www.gerweck.net/2009/10/03/r-truth/. Retrieved 2010-03-21.
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- ^ "Darren Matthews". gerweck.net. http://www.gerweck.net/williamregal.htm. Retrieved 2012-03-02.
- ^ "William Regal". WWE. http://www.wwe.com/superstars/williamregal. Retrieved 2012-03-02.
- ^ "Carlos Cabrera". WWE. http://www.wwe.com/inside/espanol/carlos-cabrera/. Retrieved 2009-01-04.
- ^ "WWE En Espanol: 18 de Novimbre". WWE. http://vids.wwe.com/14003/wwe-en-espanol-18-de-novimbre. Retrieved 2011-11-20.
- ^ "Marcelo Rodriguez". WWE. http://www.wwe.com/inside/espanol/marcelo/. Retrieved 2009-01-04.
- ^ "Evan Singleton". Genickbruch.com. http://www.genickbruch.com/index.php?befehl=bios&wrestler=22876. Retrieved 2012-05-28.
- ^ "Adam Mercer". Florida Championship Wrestling. http://www.fcwwrestling.info/adammercer1.html. Retrieved 2012-02-16.
- ^ "Miroslav Barnyashev". Genickbruch.com. http://www.genickbruch.com/index.php?befehl=bios&wrestler=18106. Retrieved 2012-05-28.
- ^ "Alexander Rusev". Florida Championship Wrestling. http://www.fcwwrestling.info/alexanderrusev1.html. Retrieved 2011-05-19.
- ^ "Ettore Ewen". Genickbruch.com. http://www.genickbruch.com/index.php?befehl=bios&wrestler=16148. Retrieved 2010-09-09.
- ^ "Big E Langston". Florida Championship Wrestling. http://www.fcwwrestling.info/bigelangston1.html. Retrieved 2009-11-08.
- ^ "Benicio Salazar (unknown)". Genickbruch.com. http://www.genickbruch.com/index.php?befehl=bios&wrestler=18852. Retrieved 2010-09-09.
- ^ "salazar". Florida Championship Wrestling. http://www.fcwwrestling.info/salazar1.html. Retrieved 2012-05-28.
- ^ "Brent Wellington". Genickbruch.com. http://www.genickbruch.com/index.php?befehl=bios&wrestler=6047. Retrieved 2010-10-19.
- ^ "Brad Maddox". Florida Championship Wrestling. http://www.fcwwrestling.info/bradmaddox1.html. Retrieved 2010-09-09.
- ^ "Ryan Nemeth". Genickbruch.com. http://www.genickbruch.com/index.php?befehl=bios&wrestler=19503. Retrieved 2010-10-19.
- ^ "Briley Pierce". Florida Championship Wrestling. http://www.fcwwrestling.info/brileypierce1.html. Retrieved 2011-05-02.
- ^ "Colin Casady (unknown)". Genickbruch.com. http://www.genickbruch.com/index.php?befehl=bios&wrestler=18852. Retrieved 2010-09-09.
- ^ "Colin Cassady". Florida Championship Wrestling. http://www.fcwwrestling.info/colincassady1.html. Retrieved 2011-08-04.
- ^ "Jonathan Good". Gerweck.net. http://www.gerweck.net/2011/04/06/jon-moxley/. Retrieved 2012-05-28.
- ^ "Dean Ambrose". Florida Championship Wrestling. http://www.fcwwrestling.info/deanambrose1.html. Retrieved 2011-05-27.
- ^ "Brian McGhee". Genickbruch.com. http://www.genickbruch.com/index.php?befehl=bios&wrestler=17525. Retrieved 2012-05-28.
- ^ "DT Porter". Florida Championship Wrestling. http://www.fcwwrestling.info/dtporter1.html. Retrieved 2011-03-14.
- ^ "Kipp W. Christianson". Gerweck.net. http://www.gerweck.net/2010/06/02/eli-cottonwood/. Retrieved 2010-03-21.
- ^ "Eli Cottonwood". WWE. http://www.wwe.com/superstars/elicottonwood. Retrieved 2010-06-08.
- ^ "Eli Cottonwood". Florida Championship Wrestling. http://www.fcwwrestling.info/elicottonwood1.html. Retrieved 2009-11-08.
- ^ "Joseph Ruud". Genickbruch.com. http://www.genickbruch.com/index.php?befehl=bios&wrestler=19675. Retrieved 2011-07-06.
- ^ "Erick Rowan". Florida Championship Wrestling. http://www.fcwwrestling.info/erickrowan1.html. Retrieved 2011-02-22.
- ^ "Jody Kristofferson". Genickbruch.com. http://www.genickbruch.com/index.php?befehl=bios&wrestler=15137. Retrieved 2012-05-28.
- ^ "Garret Dylan". Florida Championship Wrestling. http://www.fcwwrestling.info/garretdylan1.html. Retrieved 2012-02-16.
- ^ "Phil Friedman". Genickbruch.com. http://www.genickbruch.com/index.php?befehl=bios&wrestler=1719. Retrieved 2010-09-09.
- ^ "James Bronson". Florida Championship Wrestling. http://www.fcwwrestling.info/jamesbronson1.html. Retrieved 2010-08-13.
- ^ "Leati Joseph Anoa'i". Genickbruch.com. http://www.genickbruch.com/index.php?befehl=bios&wrestler=17398. Retrieved 2010-09-09.
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- ^ "Austin Spencer". Genickbruch.com. http://www.genickbruch.com/index.php?befehl=bios&wrestler=21370. Retrieved 2012-05-28.
- ^ "Nick Rogers". Florida Championship Wrestling. http://www.fcwwrestling.info/nickrogers1.html. Retrieved 2011-06-08.
- ^ "Daniel Bolton". Genickbruch.com. http://www.genickbruch.com/index.php?befehl=bios&wrestler=22892. Retrieved 2012-05-28.
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- ^ "Ashley Miller". Genickbruch.com. http://www.genickbruch.com/index.php?befehl=bios&wrestler=20473. Retrieved 2012-05-23.
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- ^ "Norman Smiley". WWE. http://www.wwe.com/superstars/wherearetheynow/norman-smiley-current-photos/. Retrieved 2011-11-27.
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- ^ "Ricky Steamboat". WWE. http://www.wwe.com/superstars/rickysteamboat. Retrieved 2009-04-07.
- ^ "Steve Keirn". Florida Championship Wrestling. http://www.fcwwrestling.info/class.html. Retrieved 2010-07-04.
- ^ "Skinner". WWE. http://www.wwe.com/superstars/skinner. Retrieved 2011-11-27.
- ^ "Chad Patton". Gerweck.net. http://www.gerweck.net/2009/09/06/chad-patton/. Retrieved 2010-10-04.
- ^ "Chad Patton". WWE. http://http://www.wwe.com/wwereferees/wwe-referee-bios/page-2. Retrieved 2009-01-04.
- ^ "Charles Robinson". Gerweck.net. http://www.gerweck.net/2009/08/30/charles-robinson/. Retrieved 2010-10-04.
- ^ "Charles Robinson". WWE. http://www.wwe.com/wwereferees/wwe-referee-bios/page-3. Retrieved 2009-01-04.
- ^ "Jack Doan". Gerweck.net. http://www.gerweck.net/2009/10/06/jack-doan/. Retrieved 2010-10-04.
- ^ "Jack Doan". WWE. http://http://www.wwe.com/wwereferees/wwe-referee-bios/page-4. Retrieved 2009-01-04.
- ^ "John Cone". Gerweck.net. http://www.gerweck.net/2010/03/06/john-cone/. Retrieved 2010-10-04.
- ^ "John Cone". WWE. http://http://www.wwe.com/wwereferees/wwe-referee-bios/page-5. Retrieved 2009-01-04.
- ^ "Justin King". WWE. http://http://www.wwe.com/wwereferees/wwe-referee-bios/page-6. Retrieved 2009-01-04.
- ^ "Marc Harris". Florida Championship Wrestling. http://www.fcwwrestling.info/talent.html. Retrieved 2011-08-03.
- ^ "Mike Chioda". Gerweck.net. http://www.gerweck.net/2010/03/06/mike-chioda/. Retrieved 2010-10-04.
- ^ "Mike Chioda". WWE. http://www.wwe.com/wwereferees/wwe-referee-bios/page-7. Retrieved 2009-01-04.
- ^ "Rod Zapata". WWE. http://www.wwe.com/wwereferees/wwe-referee-bios/page-8. Retrieved 2009-01-04.
- ^ "Rod Zapata". Florida Championship Wrestling. http://www.fcwwrestling.info/talent.html. Retrieved 2010-06-16.
- ^ "Ryan Tran". Florida Championship Wrestling. http://www.fcwwrestling.info/talent.html. Retrieved 2010-06-16.
- ^ "Scott Armstrong". WWE. http://www.wwe.com/wwereferees/wwe-referee-bios/page-9. Retrieved 2012-01-29.
- ^ "Bret Hart". WWE. http://www.wwe.com/superstars/brethart. Retrieved 2011-11-27.
- ^ "Diamond Dallas Page". WWE. http://www.wwe.com/superstars/ddp. Retrieved 2012-05-01.
- ^ "Jimmy Hart". WWE. http://www.wwe.com/superstars/jimmyhart. Retrieved 2011-11-27.
- ^ "Jimmy Snuka". WWE. http://www.wwe.com/superstars/jimmysnuka. Retrieved 2011-11-27.
- ^ "Kevin Nash". WWE. http://www.wwe.com/superstars/kevinnash. Retrieved 2011-11-03.
- ^ "Mae Young". WWE. http://www.wwe.com/superstars/maeyoung. Retrieved 2009-03-27.
- ^ "Mick Foley". WWE. http://www.wwe.com/superstars/mickfoley. Retrieved 2012-04-27.
- ^ "The Million Dollar Man". WWE. http://www.wwe.com/superstars/themilliondollarman. Retrieved 2011-11-27.
- ^ "Roddy Piper". WWE. http://www.wwe.com/superstars/roddypiper. Retrieved 2011-11-27.
- ^ "Sgt. Slaughter". WWE. http://www.wwe.com/superstars/sgtslaughter. Retrieved 2010-05-17.
- ^ "Shawn Michaels". WWE. http://www.wwe.com/superstars/shawnmichaels. Retrieved 2012-04-01.
- ^ "Stone Cold Steve Austin". WWEToughEnough.com. http://www.usanetwork.com/series/toughenough/theshow/characterprofiles/austin/. Retrieved 2011-04-01.
- ^ "Stone Cold Steve Austin". WWE. http://www.wwe.com/superstars/stonecoldsteveaustin. Retrieved 2009-02-19.
- ^ Martínez, Sebastián (2012-02-12). "(In Spanish) Valkabious a la WWE". SoloWrestling. http://www.solowrestling.com/issue/201/0/21797/wwe-contrata-los-servicios-de-un-luchador-europeo. Retrieved 2012-02-13.
- ^ Powell, Jason (2012-05-17). "WWE News: TNA star Ric Flair's daughter heading to WWE developmental". ProWrestling.net. http://www.prowrestling.net/artman/publish/WWE/article10025201.shtml. Retrieved 2012-05-17.
- ^ Scherer, Dave. "NEW WWE SIGNING, AM RAW RATING, CATCHING UP WITH KOZLOV, HOW GENE BECAME MEAN AND MORE". PWIbsider.com. http://www.pwinsider.com/article/67885/new-wwe-signing-am-raw-rating-catching-up-with-kozlov-how-gene-became-mean-and-more.html?p=1. Retrieved 25 April 2012.
- ^ Bluth, Michael (2011-04-11). "National wrestling champ Derek Foore headed to WWE". Rajah.com. http://www.rajahwwf.com/base/node/22525. Retrieved 2011-04-11.
- ^ "(In Spanish) Joel Redman firma con WWE". SoloWrestling. 2012-03-22. http://www.solowrestling.com/issue/201/0/22447/joel-redman-firma-por-la-wwe.html. Retrieved 2012-03-22.
- ^ Radican, Sean (2012-03-12). "WWE signs Brodie Lee". Pro Wrestling Torch. http://pwtorch.com/artman2/publish/quicknews/article_59035.shtml. Retrieved 2012-03-12.
- ^ "(In Spanish) Talento de OVW a la WWE". SoloWrestling. 2012-02-03. http://www.solowrestling.com/issue/201/0/21668/nuevo-fichaje-de-wwe.html. Retrieved 2012-02-03.
- ^ "Rachelle gets devolopement contract". Diva Dirt. http://www.diva-dirt.com/2012/04/17/wwe-tryouts-in-europe-possible-new-signing/. Retrieved 2012-04-17.
- ^ Beltrán, William (2011-06-17). "Cobertura: CMLL: El Juicio Final 2011 (17 de junio de 2011) – ¡Averno pierde la máscara! – ¡Renato Ruiz es Averno!" (in Spanish). SuperLuchas Magazine. http://superluchas.net/2011/06/17/cobertura-cmll-el-juicio-final-2011-17-de-junio-de-2011-%C2%A1averno-pierde-la-mascara-%C2%A1renato-ruiz-es-averno/. Retrieved 2011-06-17.
- ^ Powell, Jason (2011-05-29). "WWE News: A new signing announced". ProWrestling.net. http://www.prowrestling.net/artman/publish/WWE/article10018736.shtml. Retrieved 2011-05-29.
- ^ "Tenille's star rising beyond Australia". SLAM! Sports. http://slam.canoe.ca/Slam/Wrestling/2009/07/02/9997236.html. Retrieved 2011-03-08.
- ^ Gerweck, Steve (2011-03-08). "WWE signs Shimmer diva to a developmental deal". WrestleView. http://www.wrestleview.com/viewnews.php?id=1299614814. Retrieved 2011-03-08.
- ^ http://www.pwtorch.com/artman2/publish/WWE_News_3/article_42668.shtml
- ^ http://weblogs.baltimoresun.com/sports/wrestling/blog/
- ^ "Pat Patterson". WWE. http://www.wwe.com/superstars/patpatterson. Retrieved 2010-05-17.
- ^ "David Kapoor". Accelerator3359.com. http://www.accelerator3359.com/Wrestling/bios/rsingh.html. Retrieved 2011-03-12.
- ^ a b Fowler, Matt. "SDCC 10: WWE RAW Writers Speak!". IGN. http://tv.ign.com/articles/110/1107886p1.html. Retrieved 2010-07-25.
- ^ "Ranjin Singh". WWE. http://www.wwe.com/superstars/ranjinsingh. Retrieved 2008-12-12.
- ^ http://www.ewrestlingnews.com/headlines/WWE_Hires_New_Creative_Team_Member.php
- ^ a b c d "WWE Talent Roster". Gerweck.net. http://www.gerweck.net/wwetalent.htm. Retrieved 2009-09-04.
- ^ "Four Horsemen". WWE. http://www.wwe.com/superstars/four-horsemen. Retrieved 2010-05-17.
- ^ "Bill DeMott". WWE. http://www.wwe.com/superstars/billdemott. Retrieved 2012-04-23.
- ^ "Billy Kidman". WWE. http://www.wwe.com/superstars/billykidman. Retrieved 2010-05-17.
- ^ "The Blackjacks". WWE. http://www.wwe.com/superstars/blackjacks. Retrieved 2009-09-26.
- ^ "Brooklyn Brawler". WWE. http://www.gerweck.net/2009/09/11/brooklyn-brawler/. Retrieved 2011-02-28.
- ^ "Dean Malenko". WWE. http://www.wwe.com/superstars/deanmalenko. Retrieved 2010-10-14.
- ^ "Irwin R. Schyster". WWE. http://www.wwe.com/superstars/irs. Retrieved 2010-05-17.
- ^ "Jamie Noble". WWE. http://www.wwe.com/superstars/jamienoble. Retrieved 2010-05-17.
- ^ "Michael Hayes". WWE. http://www.wwe.com/wcw/wcw-michael-hayes/. Retrieved 2010-04-01.
- ^ "WWE Writer Allegedly Dishes Racist Smackdown". TMZ.com. 2008-04-23. http://www.tmz.com/2008/04/23/wwe-writer-allegedly-dishes-racist-smackdown/. Retrieved 2009-03-28.
- ^ "Cena forced to vacate title; New champion to be crowned this Sunday". SLAM! Wrestling. October 2, 2007. http://slam.canoe.ca/Slam/Wrestling/2007/10/02/4544185.html. Retrieved October 27, 2009.
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- ^ "Gerald Brisco". WWE. http://www.wwe.com/superstars/geraldbrisco. Retrieved October 27, 2009.
- ^ "Howard Finkel". WWE. http://www.wwe.com/superstars/howardfinkel. Retrieved 2009-03-27.
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- ^ "Error: no
|title=specified when using {{Cite web}}". http://corporate.wwe.com/news/WWECorporate-_000.2011.7.13.2.jsp. Retrieved 2012-05-31. - ^ {{cite news| url=http://corporate.wwe.com/news/2011/2011_12_14.html
- ^ {{cite web|url=http://corporate.wwe.com/news/2012/2012_03_26.jsp
- ^ {{cite news| url=http://corporate.wwe.com/news/WWECorporate-_000.2011.7.13.2.jsp
- ^ {{cite web|url=http://corporate.wwe.com/news/2012/2012_02_01.jsp
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- ^ "Mr. McMahon". WWE. http://www.wwe.com/superstars/raw/mrmcmahon/. Retrieved 2011-11-27.
External links[link]
- Raw roster at WWE.com
- SmackDown roster at WWE.com
- NXT roster at WWE.com
- FCW roster at FCWwrestling.com
- Referees at WWE.com
- WWE Roster and FCW Roster at Online world of wrestling
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http://wn.com/List_of_WWE_personnel
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_WWE_personnel
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
| CM Punk | |
|---|---|
 Punk at the 2011 Nickelodeon Australian Kids' Choice Awards |
|
| Ring name(s) | CM Punk[1] |
| Billed height | 6 ft 2 in (1.88 m)[1] |
| Billed weight | 218 lb (99 kg)[1] |
| Born | (1978-10-26) October 26, 1978 (age 33) Chicago, Illinois[2] |
| Resides | Lockport, Illinois |
| Billed from | Chicago, Illinois[1] |
| Trained by | Ace Steel[3] Danny Dominion[4] Kevin Quinn[4] Dave Taylor[5] Fit Finlay[5] William Regal[5] Steel Dominion Wrestling School[5] |
| Debut | 1999[6] |
| Website | CMPunk.com |
Phillip Jack Brooks[7] (born October 26, 1978),[2] better known by his ring name CM Punk, is an American professional wrestler signed to WWE and appearing on its Raw brand as the reigning WWE Champion.
In professional wrestling, Brooks is a seven time World Champion, having held the ROH World Championship and ECW Championship once, the World Heavyweight Championship three times and the WWE Championship twice.
In addition to these championships Punk has also won the World Tag Team Championship (with Kofi Kingston), and the WWE Intercontinental Championship making him the nineteenth WWE Triple Crown Champion and the man to achieve this honor fastest at 203 days.[8] Between WWE and Ring of Honor (where he is also a two-time World Tag Team Champion), Punk has won a total of eleven championships. He was also the winner of the 2008 and 2009 Money in the Bank ladder matches (the only wrestler to win the match twice in a row),[9] and was the 2011 Superstar of the Year Slammy Award winner.[10]
Punk initially came to prominence through his career on the professional wrestling independent circuit, primarily as a member of the ROH roster, where he was the first head trainer of the ROH wrestling school as well as winning both of their championships. In 2005, Punk signed a contract with WWE and was sent to its developmental promotion, Ohio Valley Wrestling (OVW), where he won every championship available in the promotion. Throughout his career, Punk has consistently used the gimmick of being straight edge, a lifestyle he follows in his actual day-to-day life.[4] Depending on Punk's alignment as a crowd favorite or villain, he emphasizes different aspects of the culture to encourage the desired audience reaction.[4]
Contents
|
Professional wrestling career[link]
Early career[link]
Punk's first venture into wrestling was a stint in a backyard wrestling federation called the Lunatic Wrestling Federation with his friends and brother Mike Brooks in the mid-late 1990s. He first started using the ring name CM Punk when he was put into a tag team named the Chick Magnets with CM Venom after another performer skipped out on the card.[4][11][12] Unlike his friends, Punk genuinely wanted to be a wrestler and saw it as more than simple fun.[4] When the promotion started taking off, doing spot shows out of a warehouse in Mokena, Illinois, Punk found out that his brother Mike had embezzled thousands of dollars from the small company, causing them to become estranged. They have not spoken since.[13]
He soon left the federation and enrolled as a student at the "Steel Dominion" wrestling school in Chicago, where he was trained by Ace Steel,[3] Danny Dominion and Kevin Quinn to become a professional wrestler. As part of the training, he wrestled at Steel Domain Wrestling in St. Paul, Minnesota.[4][5] It was in the Steel Domain that he met Scott Colton,[14][15] who soon adopted the stage name Colt Cabana. Punk and Cabana became best friends and spent most of their early career together working in the same independent circuit promotions, as opponents or allies.[14] In the independents, Punk, along with fellow Steel Domain graduates Colt Cabana, Chuckee Smooth, Adam Pearce and manager Dave Prazak, formed an alliance named the Gold Bond Mafia.[4]
Independent Wrestling Association: Mid-South (2000–2005)[link]
Punk's home promotion for his early career is usually considered to be Independent Wrestling Association Mid-South (IWA:Mid-South).[4] During Punk's time in IWA:Mid-South, he had high profile feuds with Colt Cabana and Chris Hero while also rising to the top of the roster winning the IWA Mid-South Light Heavyweight Championship twice and the IWA Mid-South Heavyweight Championship on five separate occasions, beating stars like A.J. Styles, Cabana and even Eddie Guerrero for that Championship. Punk's feud with Hero included a 55-minute TLC match,[4] a 93-minute two out of three falls match,[5] and several 60-minute time limit draws.[15]
Punk's matches with Cabana led him to being hired by the Ring of Honor promotion.[5] From February 2003 until May 2004, Punk refused to wrestle for IWA:Mid-South, because he claims that this was in protest to Ian Rotten's mistreatment of Chris Hero in the company.[4] Hero, however, has stated he believes there were other reasons, and Rotten's treatment of him was just an excuse by Punk to stop working for the company.[16] Eventually Punk returned to IWA:Mid-South and continued to perform as a wrestler and commentator for them until 2005 when he was signed to World Wrestling Entertainment. His last appearance in IWA:Mid-South was on July 2, 2005 in which he competed in a 60-minute time limit draw against Delirious.[17]
Ring of Honor and Total Nonstop Action Wrestling[link]
Storylines with Raven (2002–2004)[link]
See also: Second City Saints and The Gathering
Initially, Punk joined Ring of Honor (ROH) as a crowd favorite,[4] but quickly became a villain in a feud with Raven that featured numerous variants of no disqualification matches.[18] Their rivalry lasted most of 2003 and was considered one of ROH's top feuds of the year,[19] and was based around Punk's straight-edge lifestyle, with him likening Raven to his alcoholic father.[20] Their rivalry was settled at The Conclusion in November 2003, where Punk defeated Raven in a Steel Cage match.[18] At the same time, Punk joined the wrestling promotion NWA Total Nonstop Action (TNA), in which he was paired with Julio Dinero as members of Raven's TNA alliance The Gathering.[4]
Punk started climbing the ranks of ROH, including coming in second at the Second Anniversary Show during the tournament to crown the first ROH Pure Champion, losing to A.J. Styles in the finals[18] and winning the ROH Tag Team Championship twice with Colt Cabana as the Second City Saints. Both times Punk and Cabana defeated the Briscoe Brothers to win the championship.[21] Circa October 2003, Punk was hired as the first head trainer of the Ring of Honor wrestling school,[4][22] having previously been a trainer for the Steel Domain[4] and Primetime Wrestling.[23]
Shortly before a TNA show on February 25, 2004, Punk had a physical scuffle with Teddy Hart outside of a restaurant that was broken up by Sabu. The scuffle reportedly stemmed from an ROH show in which Hart performed three unplanned spots putting several other wrestlers in danger of injury.[24][25] Around the time of the scuffle, Punk and Dinero stopped appearing on TNA shows, leading to speculation he was fired for the incident.[26] Punk, however, has stated that the scuffle had no bearing on his TNA career.[26] He said the reason he and Dinero stopped appearing on TNA pay-per-views was that TNA officials believed that he and Dinero had not connected with the fans as villains, having turned against the popular Raven and instead formed a villainous tag team managed by James Mitchell.[26] The officials decided that as the teams as villains was not working decided to put the storyline on hold indefinitely, and thus had no work for Punk or Dinero.[26] Punk officially quit TNA in March 2004 during the Rob Feinstein controversy, after having a dispute with the TNA offices over his ability to compete in ROH following a TNA order that their contracted wrestlers were to no longer wrestle in ROH.[27]
Pursuit of the World Championship (2004–2005)[link]
In ROH, Punk faced off against ROH World Champion Samoa Joe for the championship in a three match series. The first match, on June 12, 2004 at World Title Classic in Dayton, Ohio, resulted in a 60-minute time limit draw when neither Punk nor Joe could pin or cause the other to submit in the 60 minutes. The second match between Punk and Joe was planned for December 4, 2004; however, due to Steve Corino being pulled from a match with Joe by Pro Wrestling ZERO-ONE, the second match was hastily rescheduled on October 11, 2004 for October 16 in Punk's hometown of Chicago.[15] At Joe vs. Punk II on October 16, they wrestled to a second 60-minute draw.[18] In addition to Joe vs. Punk II becoming Ring of Honor's best-selling DVD at the time, the match received a five-star rating by Dave Meltzer's Wrestling Observer Newsletter. It was the first match in North America to receive a five-star rating in seven years—the last one being the Hell in a Cell match between Shawn Michaels and The Undertaker at Badd Blood: In Your House in 1997.[15] Joe ended the series by defeating Punk in the third and final match on December 4, 2004 at All-Star Extravaganza 2 in which there was a no time limit stipulation.[18]
In June 2005, Punk accepted a deal with World Wrestling Entertainment, after a try-out match against Val Venis on its Sunday Night Heat show. Even though he had accepted the deal, Punk went on to defeat Austin Aries with his Pepsi Plunge move, winning the ROH World Championship on June 18, 2005 at Death Before Dishonor III.[21] Immediately after the match, Punk proceeded to become a villain and started a storyline where he threatened to bring the ROH World Championship to WWE with him. For weeks, Punk teased the ROH locker room and the ROH fans as well as mocking the championship he possessed, going so far as to sign his WWE contract on it. During the storyline, Mick Foley made several ROH appearances, attempting to convince Punk to do the right thing and defend the title on his way out. On August 12, 2005 in Dayton, Ohio, Punk lost the ROH World Championship to James Gibson in a four corner elimination match consisting of himself, Gibson, Samoa Joe and Christopher Daniels, who re-debuted after a year-and-half absence.[21] Punk's final scheduled match in Ring of Honor took place at Punk: The Final Chapter on August 13, 2005 against long-time friend Colt Cabana in a two out of three falls match, which he lost.[18] In his last match, Punk was visibly crying and was showered with streamers when he posed in the middle of the ring.
Punk made a special appearance at the ROH show Unscripted II on February 11, 2006, when the original card had to be scrapped due to Low Ki leaving ROH the week prior.[18] In addition, most of the ROH roster contracted to TNA were pulled from the show because of a snowstorm that TNA officials thought might prevent performers from reaching a pay-per-view scheduled the next day.[28][29] In the main event, Punk teamed with Bryan Danielson to wrestle and ultimately defeat Jimmy Rave and Adam Pearce in a tag team match.[29]
World Wrestling Entertainment / WWE[link]
Ohio Valley Wrestling (2005–2006)[link]
In September 2005, Punk was assigned to Ohio Valley Wrestling (OVW), a WWE developmental territory. He made his debut on September 8, 2005, in a dark match, where he, Nigel McGuinness and Paul Burchill were defeated by Deuce Shade, Elijah Burke and Seth Skyfire.[30] On September 26, 2005 in his OVW television debut, Punk suffered a ruptured eardrum and broken nose after Danny Inferno hit him with an overly stiff right hand. Despite the injury, Punk finished the match and quickly recovered.[31][32]
On November 9, 2005, Punk became the OVW Television Champion after defeating Ken Doane,[31] which immediately led to a feud between Punk and Brent Albright, who had previously been feuding with Doane for the Television Championship and had lost his chance to wrestle Doane after Punk hit him with a chair so he himself could wrestle Doane. They wrestled in series of matches, including one that ended in overtime with Albright having Punk submit to Albright's finisher, the Crowbar, but Punk was able to keep the championship, as he had not agreed to the extra time.[31] On January 4, 2006, Punk lost the OVW Television Championship during a three way dance among himself, Albright and Doane. Doane was injured halfway through the match and was replaced by Aaron "The Idol" Stevens. Punk submitted to Albright's Crowbar and was eliminated, but he returned later in the match to distract Albright allowing Stevens to pin Albright and become the new OVW Television Champion.[33] The feud continued after a short period in which Albright and Punk were a tag team, but they became opponents again after Albright wanted the respect of Punk, who would never give it to him, and instead proceeded to "punk out" (get the better of) Albright repeatedly. This feud continued for weeks with Punk always getting the better of Albright until a double turn occurred on February 1, 2006 when Albright became a villain during a tag match, allowing the Spirit Squad to beat Punk and, in doing so, making Punk a crowd favorite.[33] During this time, Punk had a minor appearance at WrestleMania 22 on April 2, 2006 as one of the gangsters who rode a 1930s era car to the ring before John Cena's entrance.[34]
After Matt Cappotelli vacated the OVW Heavyweight Championship because of a brain tumor in February 2006, a tournament was held to crown a new champion. The finals were Brent Albright vs. CM Punk with Albright defeating Punk to become the new champion.[33] Punk and Albright continued their feud, with Albright becoming more unstable and paranoid about maintaining his championship after several close call matches against Punk, resulting in acts such as threatening Maria. On May 3, 2006, Punk finally defeated Albright in a strap match to win the OVW Heavyweight Championship.[33] As champion, Punk retained the title in matches against opponents such as Shad Gaspard,[33] Ken Kennedy,[33] Johnny Jeter[33] and Mike "The Miz" Mizanin.[35]
On July 28, 2006, Punk and Seth Skyfire defeated Shad Gaspard and the Neighborhoodie to win the OVW Southern Tag Team Championship at a house show.[36] They lost the Tag Team Championship on August 2, 2006 to Deuce Shade and "Domino" Cliff Compton after an injured Skyfire tagged in an already injured Punk.[33] This altercation led to a feud between Punk and Skyfire after a rematch for the Tag Team Championship on August 7, 2006 in which a healthy Punk purposefully tagged in an injured Skyfire to be beaten by Shade and Compton.[33] On August 30, 2006, a match was scheduled to take place between Punk and Skyfire for the OVW Heavyweight Championship. Prior to the match, however, Skyfire was attacked by Charles "The Hammer" Evans, with whom Skyfire had also been feuding, and was replaced in the match by Chet Jablonski (Chet the Jet) who pinned Punk to win the OVW Heavyweight Championship.[33] As Punk no longer possessed the championship, OVW no longer required him. He was removed from the roster and brought up to the WWE roster full-time. He continued to make sporadic appearances for the company, such as at the 400th episode of OVW on television,[33] up until WWE announced it was ending its developmental territory agreement with OVW on February 7, 2008.[37]
ECW (2006–2008)[link]
On June 24, 2006, Punk made his ECW debut during a house show at the former ECW Arena, defeating Stevie Richards.[38] He made his TV debut on the July 4 episode of ECW on Sci Fi, cutting a brief pre-taped promo about his straight edge lifestyle emphasizing the disciplinary aspects of being drug and alcohol free.[39] Although he had retained the straight edge gimmick, he now had a Muay Thai training background. Punk made his TV wrestling debut on August 1, 2006 at the Hammerstein Ballroom, defeating Justin Credible.[40] CM Punk established himself in ECW by going undefeated, defeating opponents such as Christopher W. Anderson,[41] Stevie Richards[42] and Shannon Moore.[43]
Soon after, Punk began feuding with Mike Knox after Knox's girlfriend, Kelly Kelly, was seen to have feelings for Punk.[43] Punk defeated Knox in their first singles match (qualifying for the Extreme Elimination Chamber at December to Dismember in the process)[44] as well as the rematch, after which Kelly Kelly celebrated CM Punk's victory over her boyfriend.[45] Punk then teamed with D-Generation X and the Hardy Boyz in their Survivor Series match against Rated-RKO, Knox, Johnny Nitro and Gregory Helms, a match in which all the participants on DX's side survived elimination.[46] At December to Dismember, Punk participated in the Elimination Chamber for the ECW World Championship; however, he was the first person eliminated by Rob Van Dam.[47]
Following the pay-per-view, Punk entered into a feud with Hardcore Holly, who ended Punk's six-month unbeaten streak in singles competition on January 9, 2007.[48] Punk went on to feud with Matt Striker, who gave him his second singles loss since being in ECW on January 30.[49] Punk then qualified for the Money in the Bank ladder match at WrestleMania 23 by defeating Johnny Nitro.[50] In the final week leading up to WrestleMania 23, Punk made appearances on both Raw and Friday Night SmackDown!, defeating Kenny Dykstra[51] and former World Heavyweight Champion King Booker,[52] respectively. At WrestleMania 23, Punk competed in, but did not win, the Money in the Bank ladder match, being knocked off the ladder just seconds before the winner, Mr. Kennedy, claimed the briefcase.[53]
On the April 10, 2007 episode of ECW on Sci Fi, Punk briefly became a villain by officially joining the New Breed alliance,[54] after several weeks in which both the New Breed and the ECW Originals had attempted to recruit him.[55][56] Two weeks later, however, Punk betrayed the New Breed during a four on four elimination match between the New Breed and ECW Originals by kicking New Breed leader Elijah Burke in the back of the head and costing them the match. After the match, Punk proceeded to deliver his finisher, the Go To Sleep, on Burke and sarcastically apologized before leaving the ring alone, becoming a fan favorite again. WWE.com later confirmed that Punk was no longer a member of the New Breed.[57] At Judgment Day, Punk wrestled and defeated Burke in his first singles match on a pay-per-view.[58] Punk then went on to One Night Stand and teamed up with Tommy Dreamer and The Sandman in a tables match to defeat the New Breed.[59]
When ECW World Champion Bobby Lashley was drafted to Raw and stripped of the ECW World Championship, a mini-tournament was announced to declare a new champion among Punk, Elijah Burke, Marcus Cor Von and Chris Benoit. Punk defeated Marcus Cor Von on the June 19, 2007 episode of ECW on Sci Fi. By doing so, CM Punk was meant to face Chris Benoit at Vengeance: Night of Champions for the vacant ECW World Championship.[60] Benoit, however, was hastily replaced by Johnny Nitro when Benoit no-showed the event due to what was described on-air as "personal reasons". Nitro subsequently defeated Punk at Vengeance for the vacant championship.[61] Punk won another shot at the title at The Great American Bash against Nitro, who had changed his moniker to John Morrison by this point; however, Punk was defeated again by Morrison.[62] The next week, Punk challenged Elijah Burke and Tommy Dreamer in a triple threat match to determine the next competitor in Morrison's 15 Minutes of Fame Challenge, in which Punk came out victorious.[63] A week later, Punk defeated Morrison with the Go To Sleep to earn an ECW Championship title match at SummerSlam. At SummerSlam, however, Punk lost the match when Morrison used the ropes for leverage.[64]
At the September 1, 2007 (aired September 4) ECW taping, in a "last chance" title match, Punk defeated Morrison for the ECW Championship.[65] Punk then went on to have successful title defenses against the likes of Elijah Burke (at Unforgiven),[66] Big Daddy V via disqualification (at No Mercy)[67] and The Miz (at Cyber Sunday).[68] On the November 6, 2007 episode of ECW, Punk retained the ECW Championship in a match against Morrison following The Miz's interference.[69] At Survivor Series, Punk retained his title in a Triple Threat match, beating The Miz and John Morrison.[70] On the January 22, 2008 episode of ECW, Chavo Guerrero defeated CM Punk in a No Disqualification match to win the ECW Championship after Edge, (acting as a guest commentator at ringside) ran in and speared Punk.[71]
Money in the Bank and World Heavyweight Champion (2008–2009)[link]
At WrestleMania XXIV, Punk won the Money in the Bank ladder match, after defeating Chris Jericho, Montel Vontavious Porter, Shelton Benjamin, John Morrison, Mr. Kennedy and Carlito.[72]
On the June 23, 2008 episode of Raw, CM Punk was drafted to the Raw brand during the 2008 WWE Draft.[73] His first night on Raw came the following week, and he made an immediate impact. After Batista beat down World Heavyweight Champion Edge and left him lying in the ring, Punk and referee Mike Chioda ran to the ring with Punk carrying his Money in the Bank contract. Moments later, as Edge was struggling to get up, Punk hit him with the Go to Sleep and pinned him to win the World Heavyweight Championship. Later that night, Punk won his first defense of the title against JBL, who challenged him shortly after his win.[74] His win over Edge would eventually also earn Punk the Slammy Award for the "Oh my God" Moment of the Year.[75] Punk continued to hold and defend the title until Unforgiven on September 7, 2008. Before the Championship Scramble match, Punk was attacked by an early version of The Legacy (Randy Orton, Cody Rhodes and Ted DiBiase with Manu). Orton finished the assault by punting Punk in the head.[76] It was announced that Punk could not participate in the match due to the attack and, as a result, he involuntarily forfeited the title. However, Punk was replaced by Chris Jericho, who went on to win the match and the title.[77] He received a rematch eight days later on the September 15 episode of Raw, where he failed to regain the title in a steel cage match against Jericho.[78]
On the October 27, 2008 episode of Raw, Punk and Kofi Kingston defeated Cody Rhodes and Ted DiBiase to win the World Tag Team Championship.[79] The duo were members of Team Batista at Survivor Series, where their team lost to Team Orton.[80] Punk was then entered in an Intercontinental Championship Tournament, in which the winner would get to challenge for the championship in the future. He would defeat Snitsky and John Morrison in the first two rounds.[81] Punk and Kingston lost the World Tag Team Championship to John Morrison and The Miz at a live event on December 13, 2008.[82] The next day Punk defeated Rey Mysterio at Armageddon to win the tournament.[81] On the January 5 episode of Raw, Punk received his title match against William Regal, which ended in a disqualification, when Regal grabbed the referee's jersey.[83] Due to this, Stephanie McMahon awarded Punk a rematch the following week, but this time it was himself that was disqualified.[84] McMahon awarded him another rematch, this time a No Disqualification match on January 19 episode of Raw, Punk won the match and the title.[85] With this win, he became the nineteenth Triple Crown Champion. Also, the victory made him the man to accomplish the Triple Crown in the fastest amount of time, shattering Kevin Nash's old record.[86] Punk lost the title on the March 9 episode of Raw to John "Bradshaw" Layfield.[87] At WrestleMania XXV, Punk won the Money in the Bank ladder match and became the first person to win the match twice.[88]
On April 13, 2009 during the 2009 WWE Draft, Punk was drafted from Raw to SmackDown.[89] In the period after the draft, Punk feuded with Umaga over Umaga's repeated surprise attacks while Punk was attempting to cash in his Money in the Bank Contract. This ultimately resulted in a Samoan strap match at Extreme Rules, which was won by Punk.[90]
At the end of the pay-per-view, Punk cashed in his Money in the Bank contract to defeat Jeff Hardy for the World Heavyweight Championship.[91] Punk retained his title in a Triple Threat match against both Edge and Hardy eight days later on the June 15 episode of Raw.[92] At The Bash in Sacramento, California, Punk lost to Hardy by disqualification after kicking the referee after being afflicted with a storyline eye injury, claiming he could not see the referee, but because titles do not change hands on a disqualification, Punk retained the championship. Hardy called Punk into question about his eye injury, believing he had been feigning it, leading Punk to turn heel, claiming to be the moral superior of those who support Hardy due to his drug-free lifestyle.[93] At Night of Champions, Punk lost the championship to Hardy.[94] Their feud continued through SummerSlam, where Punk regained the title in a Tables, Ladders, and Chairs match; afterward, Punk was attacked by The Undertaker.[95] On the August 28 episode of Friday Night SmackDown, Punk concluded his program with Hardy and achieved his booked goal of excising him from the WWE, defeating Hardy in a steel cage match wherein the loser agreed to leave the company.[96] This act would earn Punk a second Slammy that December as he was named winner for 2009's "Shocker of the Year".[97]
At Breaking Point Punk defeated The Undertaker in a submission match to retain the World Heavyweight Championship. Undertaker originally won the match with his Hell's Gate submission hold. SmackDown General Manager Theodore Long re-started the match after stating that the ban that former General Manager Vickie Guerrero had placed on the move was still in effect. Punk would win the match with his Anaconda Vise when referee Scott Armstrong called for the bell despite Undertaker never submitting (reminiscent to the Montreal Screwjob, which took place in the same venue in 1997).[98] The feud between the two continued and at the Hell in a Cell PPV, Punk lost the World Heavyweight Championship to The Undertaker in a Hell in a Cell match.[99] He lost two subsequent rematches against The Undertaker on Smackdown and in a Fatal Four Way match at Bragging Rights also involving Batista and Rey Mysterio.[100][101]
Straight Edge Society and New Nexus (2009–2011)[link]
Main articles: Straight Edge Society and Nexus
His character took on a more sinister demeanor on the November 27 episode of SmackDown when he revealed that he had converted Luke Gallows, who had previously been portrayed as the mentally incompetent wrestler Festus, to the straight-edge lifestyle which had rid him of his mental troubles.[102] Continuing to espouse his straight-edge philosophy, Punk began to present himself as a cult-like savior to the crowd, growing the hair on his head, face and chest in an allusion to Jesus.[103] Through January 2010, Punk began to convert planted members of the audience to a straight-edge lifestyle, making them take a pledge of allegiance to him and shaving their head as a sign of renewal and devotion.[104][105][106] After converting many people who were not seen again, convert Serena began accompanying Punk and Gallows to form the Straight Edge Society.[106][107] As well as leading this alliance, Punk was also the mentor of WWE NXT rookie Darren Young who flirted with the idea of becoming straight-edge before refusing just before his head was to be shaved.[108]
Punk continued to show messianic traits, frequently giving sermons including during the annual Royal Rumble match as well as during an Elimination Chamber match at both of the eponymous pay-per-views.[109][110] In the Chamber match, he was eliminated by Rey Mysterio, whom he had feuding with leading into the PPV. Tensions escalated as Mysterio prevented him from winning a Money in the Bank qualifying match, causing Punk to interrupt Mysterio's celebration of his daughter's ninth birthday.[111] Mysterio challenged Punk to a Street Fight at WrestleMania XXVI but lost to Gallows, meaning Punk picked the stipulation that if Rey lost he would have to join the Society.[112] At WrestleMania, Punk lost to Mysterio[113] sparking a rematch at Extreme Rules where Punk would have to shave his head, like his disciples, if he lost. Punk won this match after interference from a fourth member of the Society who kept his face covered.[114] At Over The Limit, a third and final match was booked with both stipulations reactivated. In the match Punk lost and was subsequently shaved bald.[115]
Embarrassed by being shaved bald as he considered himself always pure unlike his followers, Punk appeared on the following episode of SmackDown, May 29, wearing a mask to hide his baldness.[116] At Fatal 4 Way, Punk challenged for the World Heavyweight Championship against Mysterio, The Big Show and the champion Jack Swagger, but was unsuccessful when he was attacked by Kane, who was accusing various people of attacking The Undertaker.[117] On July 16's SmackDown, Punk was finally unmasked by Big Show while healing from an arm injury.[118] The following week Show also unmasked the anonymous member of the Straight Edge Society who was revealed to be Joey Mercury.[119] This led to a handicap match at SummerSlam where Show defeated the entire Society after Punk abandoned his teammates.[120] Show also beat Punk in a singles match at Night of Champions.[121] Following this Serena was released from WWE[122] while Mercury became injured,[123] severely thinning the Society. Gallows began showing signs of dissension too, and Punk defeated him on SmackDown, airing September 24, ending the group.[124]
Punk was traded back to the Raw brand on October 11 after being swapped with Edge. He took part in the interbrand tag team match at Bragging Rights after injuring Evan Bourne to win a place,[125] but the team lost. It was reported later that he was suffering with a hip injury that would stop him from competing.[126] To keep a presence on television, he began commentating on Raw from November 22,[127] having already commentated one episode of NXT. During his commentary, he criticized John Cena for his actions against The Nexus. Sometimes he favored heel wrestlers over face wrestlers. At the end of December, Punk left the commentary team after assaulting John Cena on Raw[128] and SmackDown[129] with a chair. Punk later revealed that his motives for the attacks were that he had joined and assumed control of The Nexus.[130] He would then use the group to attack Randy Orton, blaming him for prematurely ending Punk's first World Heavyweight Championship reign in 2008; this led to a WrestleMania XXVII match[131] and a Last Man Standing match at Extreme Rules both of which Punk lost.[132]
WWE Champion (2011–present)[link]
In June, after pinning WWE Champion John Cena on Raw,[133] Rey Mysterio at Capitol Punishment[134] and finally Alberto Del Rio again in a contendership match (which included Mysterio) all within one week, Punk revealed his contract would expire at Money in the Bank and vowed to leave the company with the WWE Championship; some of his speeches and mannerisms echoed his final months with Ring of Honor. After making a scathing on-air speech concerning the way in which WWE is run and its owner Vince McMahon, he was given a storyline suspension from televised WWE events[135] but was reinstated the following week on Cena's insistence.[136] Upon his return Punk ceased to appear with the remaining members of Nexus and the group would quietly dissolve the same month.[137] This helped transition him from a villainous character back to being a fan-favorite. Two weeks later, at Money in the Bank, CM Punk defeated John Cena to become the WWE Champion on his final night under contract with WWE.[136]
On July 21, CM Punk made an unannounced appearance at a joint WWE and Mattel panel at the San Diego Comic Con to mock new Chief operating officer Triple H and offer WWE Championship tournament finalist Rey Mysterio a match for Punk's own WWE Championship, as long as it was in Punk's hometown, Chicago.[138][139] Punk appeared at July 23's All American Wrestling show, showing respect to Gregory Iron, a wrestler with cerebral palsy.[140] Mysterio won the WWE Championship tournament on the July 25 episode of Raw, only to lose it to Cena later that night. After Cena's victory, Punk returned to Raw and upstaged the new WWE Champion's victory celebration while also entering into a title dispute. Triple H would later uphold both Punk and Cena's claims to the WWE Championship as legitimate and schedule the two to a match at SummerSlam to decide the undisputed WWE Champion.[141] Punk prevailed but immediately lost the title to Alberto Del Rio, who had cashed in his Money in the Bank contract, after being attacked by Kevin Nash.[142]
The night after SummerSlam Punk accused Nash of conspiring with Triple H to keep Punk away from the WWE Championship.[143] After repeated confrontations Nash and Punk demanded to face each other at Night of Champions, to which Triple H acquiesced. However, after CM Punk's repeated verbal attacks towards him and his wife Stephanie McMahon, Triple H booked himself to replace Nash.[144] At Night of Champions Punk lost a No Disqualification match after Nash, The Miz, and R-Truth attacked both men.[145] Miz and Truth also attacked Punk at Hell in a Cell after he lost a WWE Championship Triple Threat match.[146] He attempted to avenge this by teaming with Triple H against Miz and Truth at Vengeance, but lost again due to Nash attacking Triple H.[147] This helped transition Punk's anti-establishment voice from Triple H to John Laurinaitis who became the interim Raw General Manager.[148] CM Punk balked at Laurinaitis' promotion and verbally attacked him as a dull yes man.[149][150]
On October 31, CM Punk strong-armed his way into a match with Del Rio at Survivor Series,[151] where he regained the WWE Championship by way of submission with the Anaconda Vise.[152] He went on to defend the title through the end of the year, retaining in a rematch with Del Rio on the November 28 episode of Raw[153] and against both Del Rio and The Miz in a Triple Threat TLC match at TLC: Tables, Ladders & Chairs.[154] On the December 26 episode of Raw, CM Punk was defeated by Dolph Ziggler in a gauntlet match; as a result Ziggler became #1 contender to the WWE championship. Had he been successful Punk would have earned the right to face Laurinaitis in a match.[155] The following Raw, Punk was defeated by Ziggler via countout following interference from Laurinaitis; retaining the championship as a result.[156] Intermeddling from Laurinaitis caused Punk to lose to Ziggler throughout January[157][158] which ultimately led to Punk attacking Laurinaitis in retaliation.[158] At the Royal Rumble event, CM Punk successfully defended his title against Ziggler, despite Laurinaitis acting as the outside enforcer.[159]
On the January 30 episode of Raw SuperShow, Chris Jericho attacked Punk and Daniel Bryan during their Champion vs. Champion match, giving Bryan the win.[160] The following week, Jericho explained his actions by dismissing the WWE roster as imitations of himself and singling out Punk for claiming he was the best in the world, a moniker Jericho used the last time he was in WWE.[161][162] Their rivalry continued through Elimination Chamber where Punk retained the WWE Championship in the namesake structure; while four competitors were eliminated, Jericho was unable to continue the match after being kicked out of the chamber by Punk, causing temporary injury.[163] The following night on Raw, Jericho earned a match against Punk at WrestleMania XXVIII,[164] and in a bid to psychologically unsettle him, he revealed Punk's father was an alcoholic and alleged that his sister was a drug addict, asserting that Punk's straight edge philosophy was paranoia to avoid the same vices and vowing to make Punk turn to alcohol by winning the title from him.[165] John Laurinaitis added the stipulation that the WWE Championship could change hands via disqualification, which led to Jericho inciting Punk into using a weapon, but Punk resisted and retained the title.[166] On the April 2 and 9 episodes of Raw SuperShow, Punk retained the WWE Championship against Mark Henry after losing to him via count-out and disqualification. Following both matches, Jericho attacked Punk and doused him with alcohol.[167][168] On the April 16 episode of Raw SuperShow, Punk pinned Henry in a no disqualification, no countout match to retain his title.[169] After repeated altercations, the feud between Jericho and Punk would culminate in a Chicago Street Fight at Extreme Rules where Punk defeated Jericho to retain the WWE Championship.[170]
Punk renewed an old rivalry with Daniel Bryan at the May event Over the Limit, retaining the title after reversing Bryan's submission hold the "Yes!" Lock into a pinning combination, however, replays would show Punk visibly tapping out moments after the finish of the match.[171]
Gimmick[link]
Punk has adopted his real-life following of the straight edge movement as his professional wrestling gimmick, but the gimmick uses different elements of Punk's personality and the beliefs of the straight edge movement depending on his alignment. While portraying a crowd favorite, the gimmick tends to be that of Punk's normal personality,[4] largely indifferent to others who drink alcohol, smoke tobacco, partake in recreational drug use or have promiscuous sexual behavior, but emphasizing the social discipline involved with abstinence. Conversely, his villainous personality tends to be that of one who is hardline or militant straight edge, exemplifying the elitist attitudes and superiority complexes—defined by Punk's common mantra during villainous-themed promos that, because he is straight edge, he is "better than you".[4] Punk performs the straight edge symbol of crossing his arms in an X formation while having the letter X written on the back of his hands, usually drawn on his wrist tape.
Originally, the initials CM in his ring name represented the phrase "Chick Magnet", the name of the tag team he was in as a backyard wrestler.[4][12] Punk, however, later changed CM into an orphan initialism, declaring that it has no meaning,[5] though when asked since he has taken to making up meanings that fit the initials, going so far as to make up long stories to explain the origins that do not match the actual origin story at all.[5] Since beginning this practice, Punk has stated CM stands for "Cookie Monster",[172] "Cookie Master",[173] "Crooked Moonsault",[174] "Chuck Mosley",[174] "Charles Montgomery",[12] "Charles Manson",[12] "Crazy Mariachi", "Chicago Made",[175] among others.
An integral part of Punk's gimmick are the numerous tattoos that adorn his body, some of which have come to become symbols associated with Punk, as well as mantras and declarations that have been integrated into his gimmick. The tattoos as a whole, due to their large quantity and variety, have also become an attribute identifiable to Punk.[176] The most important of the individual tattoos in Punk's character, whether through association, symbol, or mantra, are:
- A Pepsi Globe logo on his left shoulder that inspired the names of two of his signature moves. It also became a symbol of Punk himself, who wore the logo on his ring gear in the independent circuit, as well as a slightly modified Pepsi logo being used as part of his TitanTron entrance video.[177] Punk, a keen Pepsi drinker, chose to receive a Pepsi tattoo to emphasize his straight edge beliefs.[5] The tattoo is also a reference to former Minor Threat guitarist Brian Baker, who had a Coca-Cola tattoo and explained this by saying "I like Coca-Cola". When people inquire about Punk's Pepsi tattoo, he often replies "I like Pepsi" in a similar fashion.[4]
- The words "Straight Edge" are spelled out on Punk's stomach. This is one of his oldest tattoos;[176] he has referred to it as his identity.[178]
- A sleeve tattoo on his left arm that reads "luck is for losers" and features numerous good luck symbols, including a rabbit's foot, four-leaf clover and a horseshoe.[179] The tattoo also features four ace playing cards as a tribute to trainer Ace Steel.[179]
- A tattoo on the back of his left hand reading "No gimmicks needed", a tribute to deceased wrestler Chris Candido.[180]
- A tattoo across his knuckles with the words "DRUG FREE" ("DRUG" on his right knuckles and "FREE" on his left).[181]
- A tattoo of his little sister's jersey number (31) behind his left ear surrounded by stars, each of which also representing his siblings as a way to bond away from home.[182][183]
- A tattoo on his right shoulder of the Cobra Command logo, G.I. Joe's enemy. Punk is well-known for his love of comic books, considering them along with jazz and professional wrestling as three of the original arts that America has given to the world.[182]
- A tattoo of a rose on his left wrist.[184]
Punk's character and gimmick have been parodied by the wrestling federation Chikara who used a mascot character CP Munk, the straight edge chipmunk. The character includes references to Punk, such as X-marked wrist tape, a Pepsi logo on the costume's left shoulder, and a high-pitch version of Punk's best-known independent circuit theme song "Miseria Cantare – The Beginning", by the band AFI.[185] On his website, Punk has said about the character CP Munk, and the people behind it:
| “ | I'm split 50/50 on it. Some days I get real pissed about it, because it's disrespectful. I'm sure it's no secret that the dorks that run Chikara and I don't get along, so they're [sic] judgement on trying to "mock" me is a little off. Most other days I just laugh it off because nobody from Chikara will ever be over enough anywhere for anybody else to parody them'.[186] | ” |
Punk's entrance was emulated by British darts player Paul Nicholson during the 2011 World Matchplay and the 2011 PDC World Darts Championship.[187]
Other media[link]
Punk made an appearance on the February 16, 2004 episode of Monster Garage, "Box Truck Wrestling Car", performing a short match with Samoa Joe.[188] On October 31, 2006, Punk joined The Atlantic Paranormal Society (TAPS) to shoot the Sci Fi Channel special Ghost Hunters Live, which was a six-hour show broadcast live Halloween night from the Stanley Hotel in Estes Park, Colorado. Initially skeptical about what he might find, Punk claimed to have heard children giggling and footsteps when there were not any children booked into the hotel.[189]
In 2008, Punk appeared as the Sports Grand Marshal of the nationally-televised McDonald's Thanksgiving Parade in downtown Chicago.[190][191]
On April 30, 2012 it was announced Punk would be featured in the WWE Studios and Kare Production Project "Les reines du ring" (English: Queens of the ring) alongside fellow wrestlers Eve Torres and The Miz.[192]
Personal life[link]
While working for Ring of Honor, Punk was romantically linked to professional wrestlers Shannon Spruill[193] and Tracy Brookshaw.[15] After joining Ohio Valley Wrestling Punk began dating Maria Kanellis, who was working there as an interviewer,[194][195] however they broke up sometime after Punk was moved to World Wrestling Entertainment and started working on the ECW brand.[196] Punk was dating Amy Dumas,[197] however Matt Hardy confirmed in March 2010 that Punk and Dumas were no longer dating.[198] Punk confirmed in an November 2011 Maxim Magazine interview that he was in a relationship with WWE wrestler Beth Phoenix[199] but revealed in December that he was single again.[200] Punk is also one of many figures in entertainment supporting the gender reassignment surgery of Against Me! frontman/frontwoman Tom Gabel, who changed her name to Laura Jane Grace in mid-2012.
In wrestling[link]
File:Punk's Savage Elbow.jpg
Punk pays homage to Randy Savage before a diving elbow drop on Alberto Del Rio.
- WWE
- Finishing moves
- Anaconda Vise (Arm-trap triangle choke)[1][201] - 2006–present
- GTS - Go To Sleep (Fireman's carry dropped into a knee lift)[1] - 2007–present
- Signature moves
- Arm trap swinging neckbreaker[202]
- Arm wrench followed by stepping a leg over the wrenched arm and performing a mule kick with the leg below the opponent's face[17]
- Bulldog[86][203][204]
- Diving crossbody[6]
- Diving elbow drop[205][206] – adopted from and used in tribute to Randy Savage[182]
- Double underhook backbreaker[17]
- Hammerlock twisted into a short-range lariat[17]
- Koji clutch[1]
- Leg lariat[207]
- Mongolian chop[208]
- Repeated elbow strikes to an opponent's chest[209]
- Rope hung arm trap can opener[204]
- Roundhouse kick[210][211][212]
- Sitout suplex slam[213]
- Slingshot somersault senton[6][17][204]
- Snap scoop powerslam[214]
- Springboard clothesline[6][204][215]
- Step-up enzuigiri[17]
- Step-up high knee to a cornered opponent[203][204] followed by a bulldog[86][203]
- Suicide dive[6]
- Super frankensteiner[216][217]
- Tilt-a-whirl backbreaker[6][17]
- Nicknames
- Entrance themes
- "This Fire Burns" by Killswitch Engage[225] (August 1, 2006–July 17, 2011)
- "Cult of Personality" by Living Colour[226] (July 25, 2011–present)
- Finishing moves
- Independent circuit
- Finishing moves
- Anaconda vise or an arm triangle choke[17]
- Pepsi Plunge[6] (Diving double underhook facebuster)[17]
- Shining wizard[17]
- Signature moves
- Arm wrench followed by stepping a leg over the wrenched arm and performing a mule kick with the leg below the opponent's face[17]
- Corkscrew dive transitioned into a diving neckbreaker[6]
- Crooked Moonsault[227] (Split-legged moonsault)[17]
- Delayed vertical suplex[6][17]
- Devil Lock DDT[6] (Hammerlock legsweep DDT)[17]
- Facewash[6]
- Inverted facelock backbreaker[17]
- Inverted frankensteiner[17]
- Jackie Chan[6][17] (While sitting in a corner, grasps the top rope with one hand on each side of the turnbuckle and when the opponent attempts to pull him off the ropes by his legs, he performs a back tuck, landing on his feet)
- Pepsi Twist[6][17] (Jumping hammerlock twisted into a short-range lariat)[17]
- Punk-Handle Piledriver[6][17] (Pumphandle reverse piledriver)
- Rolling fireman's carry slam[6]
- Slingshot somersault senton[6][17]
- Springboard corkscrew crossbody[17]
- Suicide dive[6]
- Welcome to Chicago, Motherfucker[6] (Double underhook backbreaker)[17]
- With Julio Dinero
- Double superkick[228]
- Near Death Experience (Diving neckbreaker (Punk) / Powerbomb (Dinero) combination)[228]
- Managers
- Milo Beasley[17]
- Tracy Brooks[17]
- Bobby Heenan[17]
- Alexis Laree / Vicki Adams[17]
- Lucy[229]
- Joshua Masters[17]
- James Mitchell[17]
- Dave Prazak[230]
- Entrance themes
- "Shitlist" by L7
- "South of Heaven" by Slayer[231]
- "A Call for Blood" by Hatebreed[232]
- "Miseria Cantare (The Beginning)" by AFI[232]
- "Cult of Personality" by Living Colour[233]
- "Night Train" by The Bouncing Souls[234]
- "¡Olé!" by The Bouncing Souls[4]
- Finishing moves
Championships and accomplishments[link]
- Independent Wrestling Association Mid-South
- International Wrestling Cartel
- IWC Heavyweight Championship (1 time)[237]
- Mid-American Wrestling
- MAW Heavyweight Championship (1 time)[238]
- NWA Cyberspace
- NWA Cyberspace Tag Team Championship (1 time)[239] – with Julio Dinero
- NWA Revolution
- NWA Revolution Heavyweight Championship (1 time)[17]
- Ohio Valley Wrestling
- Pro Wrestling Illustrated
- Feud of the Year (2011)[243] vs. John Cena
- Match of the Year (2011)[244] vs. John Cena at Money in the Bank
- Most Popular Wrestler of the Year (2011)[245]
- Wrestler of the Year (2011)[246]
- PWI ranked him #3 of the top 500 singles wrestlers in the PWI 500 in 2010[247]
- Revolver
- Golden Gods Award for "Most Metal Athlete" (2012)[248]
- Ring of Honor
- St. Paul Championship Wrestling
- World Wrestling Entertainment/WWE
- ECW Championship (1 time)[249]
- World Heavyweight Championship (3 times)[250][251][252]
- WWE Championship (2 times, current)1[253][254]
- World Tag Team Championship (1 time)[255] – with Kofi Kingston
- WWE Intercontinental Championship (1 time)[256]
- Money in the Bank (2008, 2009)[72][88]
- Nineteenth Triple Crown Champion[86]
- Slammy Award for "OMG" Moment of the Year (2008)[75] Cashing in Money in the Bank to win the World Heavyweight Championship
- Slammy Award for Shocker of the Year (2009)[97] Forcing Jeff Hardy out of the WWE after Steel Cage match victory
- Slammy Award for Despicable Me (2010)[257] Harassing Rey Mysterio and his family
- Slammy Award for Superstar of the Year (2011)[10]
- Slammy Award for "Pipe Bomb" of the Year (2011)[10]
- Slammy Award for T-Shirt of the Year (2011)[258] "Best in the World"
- Wrestling Observer Newsletter
- Best Gimmick (2009, 2011)[259][260]
- Best on Interviews (2011)[260]
- Feud of the Year (2009)[259] vs. Jeff Hardy
- Feud of the Year (2011)[260] vs. John Cena
- Match of the Year (2011)[260] vs. John Cena at WWE Money in the Bank
1 ^ Punk held the title concurrently with John Cena during his first reign. After defeating him Punk became undisputed champion but was not recognized by WWE as having won the title a second time.[261]
Luchas de Apuestas record[link]
See also: Luchas de Apuestas
| Wager | Winner | Loser | Location | Date | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hair | Rey Mysterio | CM Punk | Detroit, Michigan | 02010-05-23May 23, 2010 | S.E.S. Pledge vs. Hair match at Over the Limit.[262] |
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External links[link]
| Find more about CM Punk on Wikipedia's sister projects: | |
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Images and media from Commons |
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Quotations from Wikiquote |
- Official website
- CM Punk on Twitter
- CM Punk's channel on YouTube
- Professional wrestling record for CM Punk from The Internet Wrestling Database
- WWE Profile
- CM Punk at the Internet Movie Database
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| Persondata | |
|---|---|
| Name | Brooks, Phil |
| Alternative names | CM Punk (ring name) |
| Short description | Professional wrestler |
| Date of birth | October 26, 1978 |
| Place of birth | Chicago, Illinois |
| Date of death | |
| Place of death | |
http://wn.com/CM_Punk
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CM_Punk
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
| Randy Orton | |
|---|---|
 Randy Orton at WWE Tribute to the Troops in 2010. |
|
| Ring name(s) | Randy Orton |
| Billed height | 6 ft 4 in (1.93 m)[1] |
| Billed weight | 235 lb (107 kg)[1] |
| Born | (1980-04-01) April 1, 1980 (age 32)[2][3] Knoxville, Tennessee[2][3] |
| Resides | Saint Charles, Missouri[4] |
| Billed from | St. Louis, Missouri[1] |
| Trained by | "Cowboy" Bob Orton South Broadway Athletic Club[5] Mid Missouri Wrestling Alliance Ohio Valley Wrestling[5] |
| Debut | March 18, 2000[6] |
Randal Keith "Randy" Orton[7][8] (born April 1, 1980)[3] is an American professional wrestler and actor. He is signed to WWE wrestling on its SmackDown brand. Orton is a third-generation professional wrestler; his grandfather Bob Orton, Sr., father "Cowboy" Bob Orton, and uncle Barry O all competed in the professional wrestling industry.[2][9]
Before being promoted to the main World Wrestling Federation (WWF, now WWE) roster, Orton trained in and wrestled for Mid-Missouri Wrestling Association-Southern Illinois Conference Wrestling for a month. He was then sent to Ohio Valley Wrestling (OVW), where Orton held the OVW Hardcore Championship on two separate occasions.[10]
After signing with WWF, Orton became a member of the stable Evolution, which quickly led to a WWE Intercontinental Championship reign, his first title with the company.[11] Orton also acquired the moniker "The Legend Killer" during a storyline where he began disrespecting Hall of Famers and physically attacking veterans of the industry outside of appropriate restrictions.[1] At age 24, Orton became the youngest person ever to hold the World Heavyweight Championship.[12] With this win, Orton departed from Evolution and a feud with his former stablemates began. In 2006, Orton joined forces with Edge in a tag team known as Rated-RKO. Together, Orton and Edge held the World Tag Team Championship.[13] After the team disbanded, during mid-2007, Orton gained two WWE Championship reigns in one night.[14] Orton formed the group The Legacy with Cody Rhodes and Ted DiBiase in 2008, however, they would disband in 2010 with Orton returning to singles competition. Overall, Orton has won eleven total championships in WWE, including being a nine-time world champion, having won the World Heavyweight Championship three times and the WWE Championship six times. He is also the winner of the 2009 Royal Rumble match.[15]
Contents |
Early life[link]
Orton was born on April 1, 1980, in Knoxville, Tennessee.[2][3] Son to Elaine and "Cowboy" Bob Orton,[16] he has two younger siblings—Becky and Nathan.[17] Knowing from experience the hardships of life as a professional wrestler, Orton's parents tried to convince him to stay away from the business,[2] and his father warned him that life in the ring meant a life on the road, away from family.[1] Orton attended Hazelwood Central High School, where he was an amateur wrestler.[1][2] After graduating from Hazelwood in 1998,[8] Orton enlisted with the United States Marine Corps. At the base, he received a bad conduct discharge a year later after going AWOL on two separate occasions and disobeying an order from a commanding officer.[18] Under the Uniform Code of Military Justice, Private First Class Orton was tried and convicted under a special court-martial and was put into a military prison for thirty-eight days.[16]
Professional wrestling career[link]
Training[link]
Orton made his wrestling debut in 2000 at the Mid-Missouri Wrestling Association-Southern Illinois Conference Wrestling (MMWA-SICW) in St. Louis, Missouri, an offshoot of the historic St. Louis Wrestling Club headed by Sam Muchnick.[6] There, he was trained by both the promotion and his father, "Cowboy" Bob Orton.[16] He wrestled for the promotion for one month,[19] where he performed with wrestlers such as Ace Strange and Mark Bland.[6][19] Orton also refereed a few matches with World Organized Wrestling, a promotion where his uncle Barry Orton worked.[5]
In 2001, Orton signed a deal with World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE) and was sent to its developmental territory, Ohio Valley Wrestling (OVW) in Louisville, Kentucky, where he continued his training. During his time in OVW, Orton wrestled the likes of Rico Constantino and The Prototype and teamed with Bobby Eaton during a tag team title tournament. He won the OVW Hardcore Championship on two separate occasions by defeating Mr. Black on February 14, 2001, and Flash Flanagan on May 5, 2001.[10]
World Wrestling Federation / Entertainment[link]
Evolution and World Heavyweight Champion (2002–2005)[link]
Main article: Evolution
One of Orton's first official WWF appearances was March 16, 2002 at WrestleMania X8's Fan Axxess, where he was defeated by Tommy Dreamer. Orton's first televised WWF match was against Hardcore Holly on SmackDown! on April 25, 2002.[20] Soon after, Orton became a fan favorite and was placed in a series of matches with Holly.[21][22][23][24] In September 2002, Orton was drafted to the Raw brand, where he defeated Stevie Richards in his debut on the show.[25][26] Within weeks of his debut on the Raw brand, Orton suffered a shoulder injury,[27] leaving him sidelined for months.[28][29] While recovering, Orton still appeared on Raw in his own Randy News Network segment, a weekly vignette featuring him talking about his condition.[28][30] The show interrupted other segments of Raw programming, which caused Orton to slowly transition himself into a narcissistic and self-centered villain.[31]
After his injury healed, Orton joined the Evolution stable, which consisted of Ric Flair, Triple H, and relative newcomer, Dave Batista. The group was pushed on Raw from 2003 to 2004, with the height of their dominance occurring after Armageddon in 2003 when all of the men's titles on Raw were held by the members of Evolution.[32] In 2003, Orton spent much of his time helping Triple H overcome challenges for the World Heavyweight Championship.[33][34][35] Orton joined Triple H in a six-man Elimination Chamber match for the World Heavyweight Championship at SummerSlam, involved primarily to secure Triple H's title defense, and was eliminated by Goldberg.[36]
Afterwards, Orton proclaimed himself "The Legend Killer", a young upstart who was so talented that he touted himself as the future of professional wrestling. He embarked on numerous storyline feuds with "legendary" wrestlers and gained infamy for his blatant disrespect of many older, well-respected names in wrestling history. With the help of his stablemate and mentor Ric Flair, he defeated Shawn Michaels at Unforgiven in the first of many high profile matches billed as "Legend versus Legend Killer."[37] Orton then spat in the face of Harley Race on the April 26, 2004, episode of Raw.[38][39]
During this time, Orton began using the move that would become his signature finisher, the RKO, a jumping cutter named after his initials.[40] Orton soon defeated Rob Van Dam for the WWE Intercontinental Championship at Armageddon on December 14, 2003.[41] With this win, Orton started the longest Intercontinental title reign in seven years, holding the title for seven months.[42]
Orton continued to establish himself as a "Legend Killer" throughout 2004, challenging the semi-retired wrestler Mick Foley. Famed for his hardcore matches and ability to handle excruciating pain, Foley offered Orton a hardcore "Legend versus Legend Killer" match if Orton would put his Intercontinental Championship on the line. In a bloody match involving thumbtacks and barbed wire, Orton defeated Foley.[43] Two months later at Bad Blood, he successfully retained the Intercontinental Championship against Shelton Benjamin.
In July, at Vengeance, Edge defeated Orton to win the Intercontinental Championship, ending Orton's seven month title reign.[44] After losing the Intercontinental Championship, Orton became the number one contender for the World Heavyweight Championship after winning a 20 man battle royal on July 26.[45] At SummerSlam, Orton defeated Chris Benoit for the championship. Orton became the youngest person ever to hold the title in WWE history at the age of 24.[46] Benoit congratulated Orton after the match, shaking his hand for showing the ability to "be a man."[47]
The following night, after Orton successfully defended the championship against Benoit in a rematch, Evolution threw Orton a mock celebration, only to reveal that they were not pleased with his new victory.
Rated RKO (2005–2007)[link]
Main article: Rated-RKO
While Batista had Orton propped on his shoulders in elation, Triple H gave him a pleased thumbs up and then abruptly changed it to a thumbs-down, which was followed by Batista's dropping Orton to the mat.[48] Ric Flair and Batista attacked Orton in the ring as Triple H revealed his jealousy for Orton's title. He ordered Orton to hand over the championship, but he refused, spitting in Triple H's face and hitting him with the title belt.[49] Orton's break-up with Evolution began a new storyline for him as a crowd favorite when he continued to feud with his former stablemates.[49][50] A month later, Orton lost his championship to Triple H at Unforgiven.[51] Seeking revenge, Orton lashed out at Evolution members, catching them by surprise during a show by giving them a large cake as a make-up gift, which he came out of to beat and humiliate the group.[52] At Taboo Tuesday, Orton defeated Ric Flair in a Steel Cage match. After this, Orton experienced another push, becoming General Manager of the Raw brand for a week following a match stipulation at Survivor Series where he picked up the win for his team by last pinning Triple H in a 4 on 4 Survivor Series match.[53] He continued to feud with Triple H, using his authority to place his opponents at severe disadvantages during title defenses.[54] Orton was granted another chance at the championship in January 2005, but lost a six-man championship Elimination Chamber match to Triple H at New Year's Revolution.[55] On the January 10 episode of Raw, Orton defeated Batista to earn a match against Triple H at the Royal Rumble for the World Heavyweight title.[56] At the Royal Rumble, Triple H defeated Orton to retain the World title.[57]
Orton began an on-screen relationship with Stacy Keibler and briefly feuded with Christian in February 2005.[58] On the February 28 episode of Raw, "Superstar" Billy Graham made an appearance, in which he advised Orton to "go where no wrestler [had] gone before".[59] Orton then produced a copy of SmackDown! magazine, which featured The Undertaker on the cover.[60] Heeding Graham's advice, Orton claimed that he would set himself apart from all other wrestlers by ending The Undertaker's undefeated streak at WrestleMania.[61] Throughout March 2005, Orton taunted The Undertaker, claiming he was unafraid of him. On the March 21 episode of Raw, Orton turned into a villain once more after he delivered an RKO to his unsuspecting on-screen girlfriend, Stacy Keibler, knocking her unconscious.[62] During Orton's promos, he would immediately run for cover when signs of The Undertaker's appearance were near (lightning, darkness, or smoke).[63] When legendary wrestler Jake Roberts advised Orton not to underestimate The Undertaker, Orton performed an RKO on Roberts as well.[64] In the weeks leading up to WrestleMania, Orton became more defiant and unafraid of The Undertaker, taunting and assaulting him in the ring following distractions from his father, "Cowboy" Bob Orton. At WrestleMania 21, however, the heavily hyped match was unsuccessful for Orton, as he lost despite his father's interference.[57]
The following night on Raw, Orton faced Batista, who had become World Heavyweight Champion. Orton stated on-screen that his match with The Undertaker had aggravated a shoulder injury.[65][66] While sidelined, Orton appeared on Raw and claimed that he was ineligible for the WWE Draft Lottery due to his injury. He was informed by WWE Chairman Vince McMahon that he was indeed a candidate for the draft, leaving a possibility of a return to SmackDown!.[67] Orton returned to WWE programming for the SmackDown! brand on June 16, announcing that he was the second pick in the 2005 draft lottery.[68] He rekindled his feud with The Undertaker, defeating him at SummerSlam following a distraction from his father.[69] Two months later, Orton and his father Bob Orton defeated The Undertaker in a Handicap Casket match.[70] The following month, Orton was a participant in the annual elimination match of Team SmackDown against Team Raw at Survivor Series. In the match, Orton was the last remaining wrestler in the match, as he pinned Shawn Michaels to get the victory for Team SmackDown.[71] At the event, The Undertaker, who had been absent since Orton had apparently killed him on an episode of SmackDown!,[72] returned by emerging from a flaming casket.[71] The feud was finally settled with a Hell in a Cell match at Armageddon, where The Undertaker offered to retire if he lost.[73] On December 16, The Undertaker entered the ring to deliver a promo while one of his druids appeared to be standing in the ring. The Undertaker sustained an RKO from Orton in a surprise attack. The druid revealed himself to be Orton's father, who gave Orton The Undertaker's urn, which, according to the storyline, allowed whomever held it to control The Undertaker.[74] The Undertaker, however, beat both Ortons in a Hell in a Cell match, ending their nine-month-long feud.[75]
Following Armageddon, Orton entered the 2006 Royal Rumble match as the thirtieth and final wrestler, but he was eliminated by Rey Mysterio.[75] Mysterio won the match and a title shot, and Orton urged him to put the title shot at stake in a match at No Way Out.[76] In the weeks preceding No Way Out, Orton made disparaging remarks about Eddie Guerrero, Mysterio's friend who had died a few months previously, in an attempt to gain villain heat.[77] Many fans felt the comments were unwarranted and highly distasteful so soon after Guerrero's death in November 2005.[78][79][80] Orton won at No Way Out, earning Mysterio's title shot for the World Heavyweight Championship at WrestleMania 22.[81] General Manager Theodore Long re-added Mysterio to the WrestleMania 22 title match, however, making it a Triple Threat match between Orton, Mysterio, and then-champion, Kurt Angle.[82] On April 2, at WrestleMania 22, Orton was pinned by Mysterio, making Mysterio the World Heavyweight Champion and ending their on-screen rivalry.[83]
On April 4, 2006, Orton was suspended for sixty days for "unprofessional conduct."[84] In an interview, Orton stated, "my conduct was unbecoming of a champion, which is what I will be again when I return."[85] To cover for the suspension, a faked injury was devised, where Kurt Angle broke Orton's ankle during a grudge match.[86] In July, Orton said his suspension resulted from smoking marijuana backstage.[87] Orton returned from his suspension in June to the Raw brand,[88][89] where he entered a rivalry with Angle, culminating in matches at One Night Stand and Vengeance before engaging in a storyline feud with Hulk Hogan. Orton began cutting promos insulting the aging Hogan and flirted with Hogan's then-eighteen-year-old daughter Brooke.[90][91] At SummerSlam, the two met in a "Legend vs. Legend Killer" match, which Hogan won.[92] After the newly reformed D-Generation X (DX) (Triple H and Shawn Michaels) cost Edge the WWE Championship numerous times, Edge approached Orton and asked him to join forces to defeat the team. Orton, whose championship reign had been ended by Triple H in 2004, agreed, forming the tag team Rated-RKO. The two became the first to defeat DX since their reunion and quickly dominated the Raw brand's tag team division to become tag team champions.[93][94] As part of the angle, Rated-RKO attacked Ric Flair with steel chairs to enrage DX on November 27.[95] At New Year's Revolution, Rated-RKO faced DX in a title defense, but the match was declared a no-contest when Triple H suffered a legitimate injury during the match.[96]
With Triple H out of action, Rated-RKO continued their on-screen rivalry with remaining DX member Shawn Michaels. Michaels teamed with John Cena to defeat Rated-RKO for the tag team championship on January 29.[97] Orton and Edge suffered a series of losses to Cena and Michaels in the following months, building hatred towards one another. Edge and Orton also became rivals in their goals of achieving the WWE Championship. Neither Edge nor Orton won the Championship, and they lost their claims as number one contenders after a failed match with Cena at Backlash.[98] Orton then continued his "Legend Killer" persona, attacking Shawn Michaels. Using frequent attacks to the head, including an elevated DDT and a running punt to the face, Orton defeated Michaels at Judgment Day. When the kayfabe wounded and concussed Michaels collapsed in the ring, the referee was forced to stop the match and award Orton the victory.[99] Orton continued his attacks when he engaged himself in feuds with Rob Van Dam,[100] Ric Flair,[101] Dusty Rhodes,[102] and Sgt. Slaughter.[103]
WWE Champion; The Legacy (2007–2011)[link]
Main article: The Legacy (professional wrestling)
On the July 23 episode of Raw, Orton was named as the number one contender at SummerSlam for John Cena's WWE Championship.[102] Weeks before their scheduled bout at SummerSlam, Orton attacked Cena on three separate occasions by performing RKOs on him.[102][104][105] At SummerSlam, Orton lost the title match to Cena, who pinned Orton after executing an FU.[106] The following night on Raw, Orton demanded a rematch for the title, but his request was declined by Raw General Manager William Regal. Orton then took his demands to Mr. McMahon, who also refused to give Orton a rematch unless he proved himself. That night, Orton interfered in Cena's match by assaulting Cena and kicking Cena's father, who was at ringside, in the head.[107] Orton was granted his title rematch against Cena at Unforgiven and won by disqualification when Cena refused to stop punching Orton in the corner;[108] however, Cena retained the WWE title because a title cannot change hands by disqualification. After the match, Cena's father, who was again at ringside, kicked Orton in the head.[108] At No Mercy, Orton was awarded the WWE Championship by Mr. McMahon after Cena was stripped of the title due to an injury the previous week, which also ended the Orton-Cena storyline prematurely.[109] Orton then lost the title to Triple H in the opening match of the show, making Orton's reign the fourth shortest in WWE history.[110] Later in the night, Orton defeated Triple H in a Last Man Standing match to regain the title, thus becoming a two-time WWE Champion in one night.[111]
Following No Mercy, Orton continued his feud with Shawn Michaels, who made his return on the October 8 episode of Raw and performed Sweet Chin Music on Orton.[112] The two met in a title match at Cyber Sunday after a match was made in which the fans would get to vote on either Michaels, Jeff Hardy or Mr. Kennedy as the opponent.[113] As a result, Michaels was voted to face Orton.[114] In the match, Orton was disqualified when he performed a low blow on Michaels, but Orton retained the title.[114] In a scheduled rematch,[115] Orton successfully defended the title at Survivor Series against Michaels when he performed the RKO on Michaels for the win.[116] The stipulation of the match was that if Michaels used Sweet Chin Music, the match would be stopped and Michaels would never get a chance at the WWE title, but if Orton got himself disqualified, he would lose the title.[117]
After weeks of intensity between the two, Orton defeated Jeff Hardy to retain the WWE Championship at the Royal Rumble.[118] Following this, he re-engaged in his feud with John Cena, who had returned from injury and won the 2008 Royal Rumble match.[118] Instead of cashing in his title opportunity at WrestleMania XXIV, Cena decided to face Orton for the title at No Way Out.[119] Orton lost the match after getting himself intentionally disqualified, thus retaining the title.[120] At WrestleMania, Orton retained the WWE Championship in a Triple Threat match involving Cena and Triple H. Orton won the match by pinning Cena after a Pedigree from Triple H.[121] The following month, at Backlash, Orton lost the title to Triple H in a Fatal Four-Way Elimination match, which also included Cena and John "Bradshaw" Layfield.[122] After failing to win the title back at Judgment Day,[123] Orton faced Triple H in a Last Man Standing match at One Night Stand for the title. Orton lost the match and legitimately broke his collarbone. During this time, Orton dropped his Legend Killer gimmick and replaced it with his new gimmick known as The Viper and debuted his new entrance music, Voices.[124]
Just before he made his return, Orton re-injured himself in a motorcycle accident, and, to keep on-screen exposure, he made an unexpected return to Raw at the beginning of September, criticizing all of the champions on the brand. Heel tag team Cody Rhodes and Ted DiBiase took exception to this and tried to gain his respect.[125] Unsuccessful until the pay-per-view event Unforgiven, the two of them, alongside new recruit Manu, assaulted World Heavyweight Champion CM Punk, costing him his title.[126] He made his in-ring return on the November 3 episode of Raw losing to Punk by disqualification after Ted DiBiase interfered.[127] In retaliation, Orton punted DiBiase in the head.[127] On the December 1 episode of Raw, Orton proposed that he along with Cody Rhodes and Manu form an alliance.[128][129] The following week, they made it official by defeating Batista and Triple H, Orton's former stablemates, in a three-on-two handicap match, dubbing themselves The Legacy.[130] On January 25, 2009, Orton won the 2009 Royal Rumble match by last eliminating Triple H.[15] On the March 2 episode of Raw, Orton challenged Triple H for the WWE title at WrestleMania XXV,[131] where Orton lost the match.[132] Orton, however, won the title at Backlash in a six-man tag team match with Cody Rhodes and Ted DiBiase, facing off against Triple H, Batista, and Shane McMahon.[133] At Extreme Rules, he dropped the title to Batista in a Steel Cage match.[134] The following night on Raw, Orton and Legacy attacked Batista and (kayfabe) broke his arm, forcing him to vacate the title. It was later revealed that Batista was suffering from a torn biceps and Legacy was given on-screen credit for his injury.[135] On the June 15 episode of Raw, Orton regained the title in a Fatal Four-Way match involving Triple H, John Cena and The Big Show.[136] Orton later lost the title to John Cena in an "I Quit" match at Breaking Point,[137] but defeated Cena to win back the championship in a Hell in a Cell match at the Hell in a Cell pay-per-view in October.[138] At Bragging Rights, Orton lost the title to Cena in a 60 minute Iron Man match.[139]
On the January 11, 2010, episode of Raw, Orton won a triple threat match, with the help of Rhodes and DiBiase, to challenge Sheamus at the Royal Rumble for the WWE Championship.[140] At the Royal Rumble, however, Orton failed to win the championship when Rhodes interfered, causing a disqualification. After the match, Orton attacked Rhodes and DiBiase.[141] On the February 15 episode of Raw, Orton was again disqualified in a rematch after Rhodes and DiBiase interfered.[142] Orton and DiBiase both competed in the WWE Championship Elimination Chamber match at the Elimination Chamber pay-per-view, and DiBiase eliminated Orton after hitting him with a pipe which Rhodes had passed to him.[143] The next night on Raw, in a six-man tag team match, Orton attacked Rhodes and DiBiase in retaliation.[144] At WrestleMania XXVI, Orton defeated Rhodes and DiBiase in a triple threat match, turning him into a fan favorite in the process for the first time since 2005.[145]
Following his departure from Legacy, Orton, now playing a babyface role, faced Jack Swagger for the World Heavyweight Championship at Extreme Rules in April, however, he was unsuccessful in defeating Swagger.[146] After being speared by Edge, resulting in Orton losing a number one contender's match for the WWE Championship, on the WWE Draft episode of Raw,[147] he faced Edge at the Over the Limit pay-per-view, but separated his right shoulder during the match, which concluded in a double countout.[148] At Fatal 4-Way in June, Orton competed in a fatal four-way match for the WWE Championship against John Cena, Sheamus and Edge but came up short.[149] On the July 19 episode of Raw, he won a number one contender's match against Edge and Chris Jericho giving him a match against Sheamus at SummerSlam.[150] At the event, Sheamus was disqualified for bringing a steel chair into the match giving Orton the victory, however, not the title.[151] Immediately afterwards Orton took the steel chair and hit Sheamus with it and gave him an RKO. Orton defeated John Cena, Chris Jericho, Wade Barrett, Edge and Sheamus in a Six-Pack Challenge Elimination Match to become WWE Champion for the sixth time at Night of Champions.[152]
After defending his title against Sheamus at Hell in a Cell,[153] Orton feuded with Wade Barrett, who attempted to use John Cena to help capture Orton's championship. After successfully defending his title against Barrett at Bragging Rights and Survivor Series,[154][155] Orton defeated Barrett again on the November 22 episode of Raw, only to lose his title immediately afterwards to The Miz, who cashed in his Money in the Bank briefcase.[156] Orton failed to recapture the title after losing a Tables match to The Miz at the TLC: Tables, Ladders & Chairs pay-per-view[157] and again in a singles match at the Royal Rumble in January 2011 after interference from the New Nexus starting a feud between Punk and Orton.[158] The following month at the Elimination Chamber event Orton participated in the Raw Elimination Chamber match but was unsuccessful in winning.[159] Over the ongoing weeks, Orton would punt all members of the New Nexus, Michael McGillicutty, David Otunga, and Mason Ryan, removing each, one by one, from active competition.[160][161][162] At WrestleMania XXVII, Orton defeated CM Punk.[163] On the April 11 episode of Raw, McGillicutty, Otunga and Ryan returned and cost Orton a number one contender's match for the WWE Championship.[164] Two weeks later, at the 2011 WWE Draft, Orton was drafted to SmackDown and beat Punk at Extreme Rules thus ending his feud with New Nexus.[165]
World Heavyweight Champion and various feuds (2011–present)[link]
On April 29 episode of SmackDown, Orton made his debut his match in a tag team match with Christian against Alberto Del Rio and Brodus Clay.[166] The following week, Orton received a title opportunity against World Heavyweight Champion, Christian. Orton was successful in defeating Christian to win his second World Heavyweight Championship.[167] At Over the Limit and Capitol Punishment, Orton successfully defended his championship against Christian.[168][169] In July at Money in the Bank, Orton lost the title to Christian after Christian spat in his face, which led Orton to lose control of his temper, kick Christian in the groin and get disqualified,[170] in a match where the stipulation was if Orton got himself disqualified, or if the referee made a "bad call", Christian would automatically win the championship.[171] A month later, at the SummerSlam pay-per-view event, Orton regained the title when he defeated Christian in a No Holds Barred match.[172] Orton ended his feud with Christian when he retained the World Championship in a Steel Cage Match on the August 30 episode of SmackDown.[173]
Orton then entered a feud with Mark Henry after Henry became the number one contender to the World Heavyweight Championship[174] and over the next few weeks, Henry would attack Orton, getting the advantage over him.[175][176][177][178] At Night of Champions, Orton lost the World Heavyweight title Henry,[179] and failed to regain it two weeks later at Hell in a Cell.[180] On the October 14 edition of Smackdown, Orton received another title shot against Henry after winning a 41 man battle royal, he was successful in winning the match by disqualification but failed to win the title after interference from rival Cody Rhodes. He then defeated Rhodes at Vengeance,[181] and on the November 4 episode of Smackdown in a Street Fight.[182]
Orton would re-ignite his feud with Wade Barrett after both superstars were named captain for a traditional 5 on 5 Survivor Series elimination match. On the November 11 episode of SmackDown, Orton was defeated by Barrett in a singles match, however on the November 14 episode of Raw, Orton won in a rematch by disqualification.[183][184] His team was defeated at Survivor Series with Barrett and Cody Rhodes being the sole survivors.[185] Barrett would then begin attack and distract Orton during matches, getting the advantage.[186][187] At Tables, Ladders, & Chairs, Orton defeated Barrett in a tables match hitting the RKO mid-air with Barrett landing through the table.[188] Barrett and Orton would continue their feud on the December 23 episode of SmackDown, where they engaged in a brawl that ended backstage with Barrett getting hit with a RKO onto a car.[189] This led to a Falls Count Anywhere match on December 30 episode of Smackdown, where Barrett pushed Orton down a set of stairs before exiting through the door.[190] Orton suffered a herniated disc as a result, taking him off television for a number of weeks.[191] On January 27, 2012 edition of SmackDown, he returned to the ring and attacked Barrett.[192] On the February 3 edition of SmackDown, Orton defeated Barrett in a No Disqualification match to end the feud.[193]
On the February 14 edition of Raw SuperShow, Orton suffered a concussion after World Heavyweight Champion Daniel Bryan smashed Orton over the head with the title belt. Due to the injury, Orton was taken out of his elimination chamber match at the Elimination Chamber pay-per-view and was replaced by Santino Marella.[194] Orton returned on the March 2 episode of SmackDown, losing to Bryan by count-out, following interference from Kane, who then attacked Orton after the match.[195] In retaliation, Orton hit Kane with an RKO on the March 5 edition of Raw Supershow, after the latter defeated R-Truth.[196] On the following SmackDown, Orton would hit Kane with another RKO before his match and they would later engage in a brawl as SmackDown went off air.[197] At WrestleMania XXVIII, Orton was defeated by Kane in a singles match.[198] Orton would then defeat Kane on the following episode of SmackDown in a No Disqualifications match[199] and at Extreme Rules in a Falls Count Anywhere match to end the feud.[200]
On April 30 episode of Raw, Orton was part of a Beat the Clock challenge to determine the number one contender for the WWE Championship match at Over the Limit; he defeated Jack Swagger in 4:16[201] to beat The Miz's time by two seconds.[202] Orton's time was later beaten by Daniel Bryan, thus earning him the title match.[203] On the following episode of Raw SuperShow, Orton was brogue kicked by tag team partner Sheamus during their match against Chris Jericho and Alberto Del Rio, costing them the match. After the match, Orton RKO'd Sheamus and then he, Jericho, and Del Rio demanded a match for Sheamus' World Heavyweight Championship at Over the Limit, which they were granted.[204] At the pay-per-view, Orton failed in his World title pursuit after Sheamus pinned Jericho to retain the title.[205]
On May 30, WWE announced that they had suspended Orton for 60 days due to his second violation of the company´s Talent Wellness Program.[206][207]
Other media[link]
In 2004, Orton appeared on the late-night talk show Jimmy Kimmel Live!, to promote the Taboo Tuesday pay-per-view.[208] In March 2007, alongside Edge, John Cena, and Bobby Lashley, Orton appeared on the NBC game show Deal or No Deal.[209] In July 2009, Orton revealed he read for the lead role in The Marine 2 (2009), the sequel to the 2006 film The Marine. He was given the part, but after injuring his collarbone, the film's producers decided to go with Ted DiBiase.[210] Orton has a supporting role in the film That's What I Am, alongside Ed Harris and Amy Madigan. The film is a coming-of-age comedy written and directed by Michael Pavone.[211] On March 28 2012 it was reported that Randy Orton would starring in Marine: Homefront[212] On 3 April it was reported that Orton was dropped from starring Marine Homefront due to his past with the USMC.[213][18] He was replaced by fellow wrestler The Miz[214]
Controversy[link]
While on the Raw brand, Orton was accused of harassing fellow WWE employees Amy Weber and Rochelle Loewen; Loewen has called Orton "an animal". While she quashed a long-standing rumor that he defecated in her bag, she did claim that he vandalized her possessions and subjected her to verbal harassment because she did not know who he was upon meeting him.[215]
On March 19, 2007, Sports Illustrated posted an article on its website as part of its continuing series investigating a steroid and HGH ring used by a number of professional athletes in several sports. That article mentioned several current and former WWE wrestlers, including Orton who was alleged to have obtained clomiphene citrate, anastrozole and the steroids stanozolol, nandrolone, oxandrolone, and testosterone.[216] WWE has since made a statement on this situation, claiming that the allegations preceded the Talent Wellness program WWE launched in February 2006.[216]
Personal life[link]
In November 2005, Orton announced his engagement to his girlfriend Samantha Speno.[217] They married on September 21, 2007.[218][219] In December 2007, Orton announced that he and his wife were expecting their first child, a daughter.[220][221] Orton and his wife welcomed Alanna Marie Orton on July 12, 2008.[222]
He had a tattoo on his left arm that read "USMC" for United States Marine Corps but covered it up after receiving a bad conduct discharge when he went AWOL from the service. He was sent home after serving thirty-eight days in military prison at Camp Pendleton in California.[18]
Orton suffers from hypermobile shoulders.[223] After being medically cleared to wrestle and after he broke his collarbone in a Last Man Standing match at One Night Stand against Triple H, Orton re-injured his collarbone in a motorcycle accident.[224][225]
In wrestling[link]
- Finishing moves
- O-Zone (Overdrive)[5] – 2002–2003
- RKO[1][5] (Jumping cutter, sometimes from the top rope or used as a counter to a midair opponent) - 2003-present
- Signature moves
- Bodyscissors[5]
- Diving crossbody[5]
- Dropkick[5]
- European uppercut[5]
- Falling clothesline[5]
- Full nelson slam[5]
- Gutwrench elevated neckbreaker[226]
- Inverted headlock backbreaker[5][227]
- Knee drop[228]
- Lou thesz press followed by mounted punches[5][227]
- Olympic slam[229][228]
- Randy Orton Stomps[1][5] (Multiple stomps while circling a fallen opponent)
- Rope-hung DDT[227] (sometimes from the turnbuckle)
- Running punt kick to an opponent's head[5] – Used mainly to cause a storyline concussion
- Side belly-to-belly suplex[226]
- Snap scoop powerslam[230][231]
- Superplex[226] - adopted off his father, "Cowboy" Bob Orton
- Wrenching chinlock[5][227]
- Nicknames
- "The Legend Killer"[232]
- "The Viper"[233]
- "WWE's/The Apex Predator"[234]
- Entrance themes
- "Line in the Sand" by Motörhead (2003–2004) (Used while a member of Evolution)
- "This Fire Burns" by Killswitch Engage (March 3, 2006)
- "Burn in My Light" by Mercy Drive (August 30, 2004–May 5, 2008)[235]
- "Rated RKO" by Jim Johnston (October 2, 2006–April 29, 2007; Used while apart of Rated RKO)
- "Voices" by Rev Theory (May 12, 2008–present)[236]
Championships and accomplishments[link]
- Pro Wrestling Illustrated
- PWI Feud of the Year (2009) vs. Triple H
- PWI Most Hated Wrestler of the Year (2007, 2009)[237][238]
- PWI Most Improved Wrestler of the Year (2004)[239]
- PWI Most Popular Wrestler of the Year (2010)[240]
- PWI Rookie of the Year (2001)[241]
- PWI ranked him #1 of the top 500 singles wrestlers in the PWI 500 in 2008[242]
- PWI Wrestler of the Year (2009, 2010)[243][244]
Notes[link]
- ^ a b c d e f g h "Randy Orton's WWE Profile". World Wrestling Entertainment. http://www.wwe.com/superstars/smackdown/randyorton/. Retrieved April 26, 2011.
- ^ a b c d e f Oliver, Greg (2007). The Pro Wrestling Hall of Fame: The Heels. ECW Press. p. 205. ISBN 1-55022-759-9.
- ^ a b c d Milner, John; Richard Kamchen (October 7, 2004). "Slam! Sports biography". Slam! Sports. Canadian Online Explorer. http://slam.canoe.ca/Slam/Wrestling/Bios/orton.html. Retrieved July 10, 2007.
- ^ Ayulo, Santiago C. (August 14, 2009). "St. Louis son Randy Orton on life in (and out of) the ring". St. Louis Post-Dispatch. Archived from the original on September 24, 2009. http://www.webcitation.org/5k27HNrVg. Retrieved August 26, 2009.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p "Randy Orton Bio". Online World of Wrestling. http://www.onlineworldofwrestling.com/profiles/r/randy-orton.html. Retrieved July 16, 2008.
- ^ a b c "MMWA-SICW Archive — March 18, 2000 results". Mid-Missouri Wrestling Association-Southern Illinois Conference Wrestling. Archived from the original on February 10, 2008. http://web.archive.org/web/20080210042613/http://www.mmwa-sicw.com/archives/index.php?archive_id=6. Retrieved August 14, 2007.
- ^ "Name search engine". Intelius People Search. http://www.intelius.com/?PHPSESSID=4cc15687d86a9ebc61ecfe0adaaf7fbf. Retrieved May 1, 2009.
- ^ a b "Hazelwood Central Alumni — Class of 1998". Hazelwood Central Alumni. http://204.184.47.9/~sboerner/central/alumni/1998.html. Retrieved August 17, 2007.
- ^ WWE: The Most Powerful Families in Wrestling (DVD). WWE Home Video. 2007.
- ^ a b c "OVW Hardcore Championship (retired)". Ohio Valley Wrestling. http://www.ovwrestling.com/titles. Retrieved April 3, 2011.
- ^ "W.W.F./W.W.E. Intercontinental Heavyweight Title". Wrestling-Titles.com. http://www.wrestling-titles.com/wwf/ic.html. Retrieved October 8, 2007.
- ^ "World Heavyweight Title (W.W.E. Smackdown!)". Wrestling-Titles.com. http://www.wrestling-titles.com/wwf/wwe-world-h.html. Retrieved October 8, 2007.
- ^ "W.W.W.F./W.W.F./W.W.E. World Tag Team Title". Wrestling-Titles.com. http://www.wrestling-titles.com/wwf/wwf-t.html. Retrieved October 8, 2007.
- ^ a b "History of the WWE Championship". World Wrestling Entertainment. http://www.wwe.com/inside/titlehistory/wwechampionship/. Retrieved August 10, 2007.
- ^ a b Plummer, Dale; Tylwalk, Nick (January 26, 2009). "Orton triumphs, Cena survives, Hardy falls at Royal Rumble". Slam! Sports. Canadian Online Explorer. http://slam.canoe.ca/Slam/Wrestling/2009/01/26/8146161.html. Retrieved January 26, 2009.
- ^ a b c Before They Were WWE Superstars 2 (DVD). WWE Home Video. 2003.
- ^ "Randy Orton basic facts". Randy-Orton.com. http://randy-orton.com/about-randy/life-career-facts/. Retrieved January 25, 2009.
- ^ a b c Zack Zeigler. "Orton's tattoo secrets". World Wrestling Entertainment. http://www.wwe.com/inside/superstarink/articles/randyorton. Retrieved October 11, 2007.
- ^ a b "MMWA-SICW archives — April 22, 2000". Mid-Missouri Wrestling Association-Southern Illinois Conference Wrestling. April 22, 2000. Archived from the original on September 28, 2007. http://web.archive.org/web/20070928191422/http://www.mmwa-sicw.com/archives/index.php?archive_id=2. Retrieved March 23, 2008.
- ^ "SmackDown! results — April 25, 2002". PWWEW.net. April 25, 2002. http://www.pwwew.net/tv/smackdown/020425.htm. Retrieved March 1, 2008.
- ^ "SmackDown! results — May 2, 2002". Online World of Wrestling. http://onlineworldofwrestling.com/results/smackdown/020502.html. Retrieved March 22, 2008.
- ^ "SmackDown! results — May 9, 2002". Online World of Wrestling. http://onlineworldofwrestling.com/results/smackdown/020509.html. Retrieved March 22, 2008.
- ^ "SmackDown! results — May 16, 2002". Online World of Wrestling. http://onlineworldofwrestling.com/results/smackdown/020516.html. Retrieved March 22, 2008.
- ^ "SmackDown! results — September 9, 2002". Online World of Wrestling. http://onlineworldofwrestling.com/results/smackdown/020905.html. Retrieved March 22, 2008.
- ^ "Raw results — September 23, 2002". Online World of Wrestling. http://onlineworldofwrestling.com/results/raw/020923.html. Retrieved March 23, 2008.
- ^ "Raw results — September 23, 2002". PWWEW.net. September 23, 2002. http://pwwew.net/tv/raw/020923.htm. Retrieved March 23, 2008.
- ^ "Raw results — October 14, 2002". Online World of Wrestling. http://www.onlineworldofwrestling.com/results/raw/021014.html. Retrieved March 12, 2008.
- ^ a b Oppliger, Patrice A. (2003). Wrestling and Hypermasculinity. McFarland. p. 112. ISBN 0-7864-1692-0.
- ^ "Raw results — January 20, 2003". Online World of Wrestling. http://www.onlineworldofwrestling.com/results/raw/030120.html. Retrieved March 12, 2008.
- ^ "Raw results — October 28, 2002". Online World of Wrestling. http://www.onlineworldofwrestling.com/results/raw/021028.html. Retrieved March 12, 2008.
- ^ Michael McAvennie (2003). "WWE The Yearbook: 2003 Edition". Pocket Books. pp. 305–306, 314.
- ^ Tywalk, Nick; Dale Plummer (December 14, 2003). "WWE Armageddon a flop". Slam! Sports. Canadian Online Explorer. http://slam.canoe.ca/Slam/Wrestling/2003/12/15/288020.html. Retrieved August 26, 2009.
- ^ Jennette, Brad (January 20, 2003). "411's WWE Raw Report 01.20.03". 411mania.com. http://www.411mania.com/wrestling/tv_reports/30593/411s-WWE-Raw-Report-01.20.03.htm. Retrieved March 12, 2008.
- ^ Droste, Ryan (February 23, 2003). "Full WWE No Way Out PPV Results – 2/23/03 – Montreal, Quebec". WrestleView. http://www.wrestleview.com/news/1046059526.shtml. Retrieved August 26, 2009.
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- ^ Pasero, Mitch (May 6, 2011). "Smackdown Results: Christian's dream crushed". World Wrestling Entertainment. http://www.wwe.com/shows/smackdown/2011-05-06/results. Retrieved June 11, 2011.
- ^ Hillhouse, Dave (May 22, 2011). "Over the Limit: Unpredictability makes for a good show". Slam! Sports. Canadian Online Explorer. http://slam.canoe.ca/Slam/Wrestling/PPVReports/2011/05/22/18180176.html. Retrieved September 12, 2011.
- ^ Kapur, Bob (June 19, 2011). "Cena, Orton retain titles at Capitol Punishment". Slam! Sports. Canadian Online Explorer. http://slam.canoe.ca/Slam/Wrestling/PPVReports/2011/06/19/18305886.html. Retrieved September 12, 2011.
- ^ Hillhouse, Dave (July 18, 2011). "Money in the Bank: The WWE gets Punk'd". Slam! Sports. Canadian Online Explorer. http://slam.canoe.ca/Slam/Wrestling/PPVReports/2011/07/18/18433281.html. Retrieved September 12, 2011.
- ^ Burdick, Michael (July 8, 2011). "SmackDown results: 'Money' breeds mayhem". World Wrestling Entertainment. http://www.wwe.com/shows/smackdown/2011-07-08/results. Retrieved September 12, 2011.
- ^ Plummer, Dale; Nick Tylwalk (August 15, 2011). "Punk-Cena feud comes to a head, but not without some wrinkles at SummerSlam". Slam! Sports. Canadian Online Explorer. http://slam.canoe.ca/Slam/Wrestling/PPVReports/2011/08/15/18553191.html. Retrieved September 10, 2011.
- ^ Passero, Mitch (August 30, 2011). "SuperSmackDown results: Mark Henry crashes the cage". World Wrestling Entertainment. http://www.wwe.com/shows/smackdown/2011-08-30/results. Retrieved September 10, 2011.
- ^ Hillhouse, Dave (August 20, 2011). "Smackdown: Turning the page". Slam! Sports. Canadian Online Explorer. http://slam.canoe.ca/Slam/Wrestling/2011/08/20/18579311.html. Retrieved September 18, 2011.
- ^ Bishop, Matt (August 31, 2011). "Super Smackdown: Orton left laying after title defense". Slam! Sports. Canadian Online Explorer. http://slam.canoe.ca/Slam/Wrestling/2011/08/31/18623396.html. Retrieved September 19, 2011.
- ^ Hillhouse, Dave (September 10, 2011). "Smackdown: Friday night in Toledo, Ohio". Slam! Sports. Canadian Online Explorer. http://slam.canoe.ca/Slam/Wrestling/2011/09/10/18665546.html. Retrieved September 19, 2011.
- ^ Waldman, Jon (September 12, 2011). "Raw: More strong mics from Phil and Paul". Slam! Sports. Canadian Online Explorer. http://slam.canoe.ca/Slam/Wrestling/2011/09/12/18676481.html. Retrieved September 19, 2011.
- ^ Hillhouse, Dave (September 17, 2011). "Smackdown: Rated "R" for "Retirement"". Slam! Sports. Canadian Online Explorer. http://slam.canoe.ca/Slam/Wrestling/2011/09/17/18699011.html. Retrieved September 19, 2011.
- ^ Burdick, Michael (September 19, 2011). "Mark Henry def. Randy Orton (New World Heavyweight Champion)". World Wrestling Entertainment. http://www.wwe.com/shows/nightofchampions/2011/randy-orton-mark-henry. Retrieved September 19, 2011.
- ^ "WWE World Heavyweight Championship Hell in a Cell Match". WWE. http://www.wwe.com/shows/hellinacell/2011/25034901. Retrieved 20 September 2011.
- ^ Styles, Joey. "Rhodes' defeated at Vengeance". http://www.wwe.com/shows/vengeance/2011/randy-orton-cody-rhodes.
- ^ Burdick, Michael. "Orton def. Rhodes". http://www.wwe.com/shows/smackdown/2011-11-04/results.
- ^ Burdick, Michael. "Barrett Barrage hits Orton". http://www.wwe.com/shows/smackdown/2011-11-11/results.
- ^ Murphy, Ryan. "DQ win for Orton". http://www.wwe.com/shows/raw/2011-11-14/results.
- ^ Caldwell, James (2011-11-20). "Caldwell's WWE Survivor Series PPV Results 11/20: Complete "virtual time" coverage of live PPV - The Rock returns, Punk vs. Del Rio, Henry vs. Show". Pro Wrestling Torch. http://pwtorch.com/artman2/publish/wweppvs/article_55339.shtml. Retrieved 2011-11-21.
- ^ "« Live Wwe No Way Out Coverage". Wrestlingattitude.com. http://www.wrestlingattitude.com/news/wwe-smackdown-results-november-29-2011.html. Retrieved 2012-06-01.
- ^ Murphy, Ryan. "WWE Raw SuperShow results: CM Punk sets the table for WWE TLC". WWE. http://www.wwe.com/shows/raw/2011-12-05/results. Retrieved 6 December 2011.
- ^ Powers, Kevin (2011-12-18). "Randy Orton def. Wade Barrett (Tables Match)". WWE. http://www.wwe.com/shows/wwetlc/2011/WWE-TLC-2011-Randy-Orton-Wade-Barrett. Retrieved 2011-12-19.
- ^ "PARKS' WWE SMACKDOWN REPORT 12/23: Ongoing "virtual time" coverage of the show, including Daniel Bryan's first Smackdown as World Champion". http://pwtorch.com/artman2/publish/wwesmackdownreport/article_56274.shtml.
- ^ "PARKS' WWE SMACKDOWN REPORT 12/30: Complete coverage of the Friday night show, including Randy Orton vs. Wade Barrett, Falls Count Anywhere". http://pwtorch.com/artman2/publish/wwesmackdownreport/article_56452.shtml.
- ^ "Injury update on Randy Orton". http://www.wwe.com/inside/randy-orton-injury-update.
- ^ "SMACKDOWN TAPING RESULTS (1.27) ** SPOILERS ** « LIVE WWE NO WAY OUT COVERAGE". Wrestlingattitude.com. 2012-01-24. http://www.wrestlingattitude.com/news/smackdown-taping-results-1-27-spoilers.html. Retrieved 2012-06-01.
- ^ Burdick, Michael. "SmackDown results: Wade Barrett feels the sting of The Viper; Mark Henry suspended". WWE. http://www.wwe.com/shows/smackdown/2012-02-03/results. Retrieved 6 February 2012.
- ^ {{cite web|title=Randy Orton Suffers Concussion 2/14/12|url=http://www.wwe.com/shows/raw/2012-02-13/orton-suffers-concussion
- ^ "WWE Smackdown Spoilers 3/2/12". http://www.wwe.com/shows/smackdown/2012-02-07/results.
- ^ "WWE Monday Night Raw (3/5/12) Results: Live Blog, Coverage and Analysis". http://bleacherreport.com/articles/1092197-wwe-monday-night-raw-3512-results-live-blog-coverage-and-analysis.
- ^ "PARKS' WWE SMACKDOWN REPORT 3/9: Ongoing "virtual time" coverage of the show, including John Laurinaitis running the episode". http://www.pwtorch.com/artman2/publish/wwesmackdownreport/article_58973.shtml.
- ^ "Randy Orton vs. Kane". WWE. http://www.wwe.com/shows/wrestlemania/28/orton-kane. Retrieved 17 March 2012.
- ^ "PARKS' WWE SMACKDOWN REPORT 4/6: Ongoing "virtual time" coverage of the show, including Sheamus vs. Alberto Del Rio". http://pwtorch.com/artman2/publish/wwesmackdownreport/article_60112.shtml.
- ^ Giannini, Alex. "Randy Orton vs. Kane - Falls Count Anywhere Match". WWE. http://www.wwe.com/shows/extremerules/2012/randy-orton-vs-kane-falls-count-anywhere-match. Retrieved 21 April 2012.
- ^ Tom Herrera (30.4.2012). "Raw Results". WWE. http://www.wwe.com/shows/raw/2012-04-30/wwe-raw-supershow-results/page-6. Retrieved 1 May 2012.
- ^ Tom Herrera (30.4.2012). "Raw Results". WWE. http://www.wwe.com/shows/raw/2012-04-30/wwe-raw-supershow-results/page-2. Retrieved 1 May 2012.
- ^ Tom Herrera (30.4.2012). "Raw results". WWE. http://www.wwe.com/shows/raw/2012-04-30/wwe-raw-supershow-results/page-9. Retrieved 1 May 2012.
- ^ "CALDWELL'S WWE RAW RESULTS 5/7: Ongoing "virtual-time" coverage of live Raw - broken bones follow-up, Over the Limit hype". http://pwtorch.com/artman2/publish/wwerawreport/article_61167.shtml.
- ^ Meltzer, Dave (2012-05-20). "WWE Over the Limit live coverage from Raleigh". Wrestling Observer Newsletter. http://www.f4wonline.com/more/more-top-stories/118-daily-updates/25730-wwe-over-the-limit-live-coverage-from-raleigh. Retrieved 2012-05-21.
- ^ "Randy Orton suspended". WWE. 30.5.2012. http://www.wwe.com/inside/randy-orton-suspended-for-60-days. Retrieved 30 May 2012.
- ^ "TOP WWE STAR SUSPENDED FOR 60 DAYS". PWInsider.com. http://pwinsider.com/article/68903/top-wwe-star-suspended-for-60-days.html?p=1. Retrieved 2012-06-01.
- ^ "Jimmy Kimmel Live! - October 14, 2004". [[Jimmy Kimmel Live!|]]. 2004-10-14. 60 minutes in. ABC.
- ^ Zack Zeigler (March 1, 2007). "Sign-ing a Deal?". World Wrestling Entertainment. Archived from the original on March 3, 2007. http://web.archive.org/web/20070303065644/http://www.wwe.com/inside/news/dealofalifetime. Retrieved May 25, 2007.
- ^ Martin, Adam (June 25, 2009). "Note on casting for "The Marine 2"". WrestleView. http://www.wrestleview.com/news2009/1245941906.php. Retrieved August 31, 2009.
- ^ Loewenstein, Lael (February 16, 2011). "That's What I Am". Variety. http://www.variety.com/review/VE1117944642/. Retrieved February 21, 2011.
- ^ Zach Linder (28.3.2012). "Orton in Marine 3". WWE. http://www.wwe.com/inside/overtheropes/wwestudios/orton-marine-homefront-announcement. Retrieved 28 March 2012.
- ^ Mike Johnson (3.4.2012). "Randy dropped from marine 3". PWInsider. http://www.pwinsider.com/article/67318/randy-orton-dropped-from-marine-3.html?p=1. Retrieved 18 March 2012.
- ^ "The Miz starring Marine 3". WWE. 30.4.2012. http://www.wwe.com/inside/overtheropes/wwestudios/the-miz-marine-homefront-announcement. Retrieved 1 May 2012.
- ^ Starrs, Stu (June 16, 2005). "WWE Diva Rochelle Loewen talks about hazing from Randy Orton, claims he hated her". Lords of Pain. Archived from the original on July 14, 2007. http://web.archive.org/web/20070714063707/http://www.lordsofpain.net/news/2005/articles/1118936565.php. Retrieved August 22, 2007.
- ^ a b "Wrestlers allegedly tied to drug ring". Sports Illustrated. March 18, 2007. http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/2007/more/03/19/wrestlers/index.html. Retrieved March 22, 2007.
- ^ "Randy Orton Interview". New Zealand Wide Pro Wrestling. November 4, 2005. Archived from the original on September 24, 2009. http://www.webcitation.org/5k28kBLgz. Retrieved August 22, 2007.
- ^ "Randy Orton news". Sescoops. Archived from the original on October 5, 2007. http://web.archive.org/web/20071005182114/http://www.sescoops.com/wwe/PICTURE_Of_Randy_Orton_His_New_Wife_Samantha.shtml. Retrieved September 27, 2007.
- ^ Koha, Nui Te (January 4, 2008). "Wrestling the truth". Herald Sun (Australia). Archived from the original on September 24, 2009. http://www.webcitation.org/5k28qvhtW. Retrieved April 1, 2009.
- ^ "Randy Orton and his wife expecting first child". World Wrestling Entertainment. April 10, 2008. http://www.wwe.com/inside/industrynews/6853748. Retrieved April 12, 2008.
- ^ Eck, Kevin (April 27, 2008). "Orton taps bad side to raise up". The Baltimore Sun. http://xml.baltimoresun.com/sports/bal-sp.orton27apr27,0,5654482.story. Retrieved April 28, 2008.
- ^ "Randy Orton's wife gives birth". World Wrestling Entertainment. July 17, 2008. http://www.wwe.com/inside/industrynews/7666912. Retrieved July 18, 2008.
- ^ "An interview with Randy Orton, conducted by Silver Vision". Silver Vision. Archived from the original on January 19, 2008. http://web.archive.org/web/20080119113116/http://www.silvervision.co.uk/viewindex.asp?article_id=randy_iv&lkid=36. Retrieved August 22, 2007.
- ^ Robinson, Keith (August 11, 2008). "Orton involved in motorcycle accident". World Wrestling Entertainment. http://www.wwe.com/inside/news/7841078. Retrieved August 11, 2008.
- ^ Baines, Tim (November 22, 2008). "Maturity arrives for Randy Orton". Slam! Sports. Canadian Online Explorer. http://slam.canoe.ca/Slam/Wrestling/2008/11/20/7482571.html. Retrieved November 25, 2008.
- ^ a b c Martin, Todd. "WWE Capitol Punishment live coverage". Wrestling Observer. http://www.f4wonline.com/more/more-top-stories/3-news/21060-wwe-capitol-punishment-live-coverage. Retrieved 31 August 2011.
- ^ a b c d Caldwell, James (May 17, 2007). "Caldwell's WWE Judgment Day PPV Report 5/17: Ongoing "virtual time" coverage of Orton vs. Batista, Edge vs. Jeff Hardy". Pro Wrestling Torch. http://www.pwtorch.com/artman2/publish/PPV_Reports_5/article_32118.shtml. Retrieved August 8, 2009.
- ^ a b Martin, Adam (December 19, 2010). "TLC PPV Results - 12/19/10". WrestleView. http://www.wrestleview.com/viewnews.php?id=1292817407. Retrieved December 21, 2010.
- ^ Tedesco, Mike (December 19, 2010). "WWE Tribute to the Troops Results - 12/18/10". WrestleView. http://www.wrestleview.com/viewnews.php?id=1292741936. Retrieved December 21, 2010.
- ^ Caldwell, James (July 19, 2010). "Caldwell's WWE Raw Results 7/19: Ongoing "virtual time" coverage of live Raw following Money in the Bank PPV". Pro Wrestling Torch. http://www.pwtorch.com/artman2/publish/wwerawreport/article_42593.shtml. Retrieved October 17, 2010.
- ^ Keller, Wade (July 19, 2010). "WWE Raw Results 7/19: Keller's complete coverage of live Money in the Bank fallout". Pro Wrestling Torch. http://www.pwtorch.com/artman2/publish/wwerawreport/article_42595.shtml. Retrieved October 17, 2010.
- ^ "Prelude to a final curtain call?". World Wrestling Entertainment. http://www.wwe.com/shows/raw/archive/11122007/articles/preludetofinalcurtain. Retrieved February 4, 2008.
- ^ "Rough Draft". World Wrestling Entertainment. http://www.wwe.com/shows/raw/archive/04132009/mainarticle. Retrieved April 13, 2009. ""The Viper’s" enemies will be able to get their hands on him."
- ^ Keller, Wade (February 15, 2010). "Keller's WWE Raw Results 2/15: Jerry Springer, Final Elimination Chamber hype, Orton vs. Sheamus, Bret Hart, Batista". Pro Wrestling Torch. http://www.pwtorch.com/artman2/publish/TV_Reports_9/article_39074.shtml. Retrieved April 1, 2010. "At 8:00 Orton pounded the mat with his fists as Cole called him "WWE's Apex Predator.""
- ^ Spoor, Mark (November 20, 2006). "We wonder ...". Nascar. http://www.nascar.com/2006/news/opinion/11/20/we_wonder/. Retrieved January 19, 2010.
- ^ "‘Voices: WWE The Music, Vol. 9’ available now". World Wrestling Entertainment. January 27, 2009. http://www.wwe.com/subscriptions/wwetunes/3242484/musicvol9. Retrieved August 26, 2009.
- ^ Pena, Daniel (February 18, 2008). "Hornswoggle Wins Pro Wrestling Illustrated's Rookie Of The Year Award; More 2007 Award Results Revealed". Lords Of Pain. Archived from the original on March 2, 2008. http://web.archive.org/web/20080302234724/http://www.lordsofpain.net/news/2008/articles/1203360467.php. Retrieved April 13, 2008. "Most Hated Wrestler Of The Year – Randy Orton (36%)"
- ^ Pro Wrestling Illustrated 31 (3): 76–77. 2010.
- ^ "Awards der Pro Wrestling Illustrated: 2004" (in German). Genickbruch: Die Wrestlingseite des alten Europa. http://www.genickbruch.com/index.php?befehl=weitereawards&award=10&sort=0&jahr=2004. Retrieved April 13, 2008.
- ^ "Achievement Awards: Most Popular". Pro Wrestling Illustrated. January 11, 2011. http://prowrestlingillustrated.blogspot.com/2011/01/achievement-awards-most-popular.html. Retrieved January 15, 2011.
- ^ Abreu, Donnie (March 13, 2002). "Tough talent choices lay ahead for WWF". Slam! Sports. Canadian Online Explorer. http://slam.canoe.ca/WrestlingBigDaddy/mar13_donnie-can.html. Retrieved January 9, 2009.
- ^ "Randy Orton tops "PWI 500" list". World Wrestling Entertainment. July 21, 2008. http://www.wwe.com/inside/industrynews/7697114. Retrieved July 22, 2008.
- ^ Pro Wrestling Illustrated 31 (3): 82–83. 2010.
- ^ "And, finally ... PWI's 2010 Wrestler of the Year". Pro Wrestling Illustrated. January 17, 2011. http://prowrestlingillustrated.blogspot.com/2011/01/and-finally-pwis-2010-wrestler-of-year.html. Retrieved January 17, 2011.
- ^ "World Heavyweight Championship - Randy Orton". WWE. May 6, 2011. http://www.wwe.com/inside/titlehistory/worldheavyweight/25014119. Retrieved May 7, 2011.
- ^ "History Of The WWE Championship — Randy Orton". World Wrestling Entertainment. http://www.wwe.com/inside/titlehistory/wwechampionship/5594222. Retrieved August 10, 2007.
- ^ "Randy Orton's third WWE Championship reign". World Wrestling Entertainment. http://www.wwe.com/inside/titlehistory/wwechampionship/10023136. Retrieved April 27, 2009.
- ^ "Randy Orton's fourth WWE Championship reign". World Wrestling Entertainment. http://www.wwe.com/inside/titlehistory/wwechampionship/10538200. Retrieved June 23, 2009.
References[link]
- James Guttman (2006). World Wrestling Insanity: The Decline and Fall of a Family Empire. Toronto. p. 235. ISBN 1-55022-728-9.
- "2007 Wrestling Almanac & Book of Facts". Wrestling’s Historical Cards (Kappa Publishing). 2007.
External links[link]
 |
Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Randy Orton |
- WWE profile
- Online World of Wrestling profile
- Randy Orton at the Internet Movie Database
- Slam! bio and story archive
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| Persondata | |
|---|---|
| Name | Orton, Randall Keith |
| Alternative names | |
| Short description | Professional wrestler |
| Date of birth | April 1, 1980 |
| Place of birth | St. Louis, Missouri |
| Date of death | |
| Place of death | |
http://wn.com/Randy_Orton
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Randy_Orton
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
| Amy Weber | |
|---|---|
| Billed height | 5 ft 2 in (1.57 m)[1] |
| Billed weight | 102 lb (46 kg) |
| Born | (1970-07-02) July 2, 1970 (age 41)[2] Mapleton, Illinois[2] |
| Resides | Los Angeles, California[2] |
| Billed from | Mapleton, Illinois[2] |
| Trained by | WWE |
| Debut | November 18, 2004[2] |
| Retired | 2005[2] |
Amy Marie Weber (born July 2, 1970)[2] is an American actress, model, film producer,[1] former professional wrestling valet, and singer who is best known for her time as a WWE Diva for World Wrestling Entertainment under the SmackDown! brand. Weber also has released a single, "Ghost." Weber has also been the face of a Shiseido cosmetic campaign.[1]
Contents |
Television[link]
Weber has played roles in numerous television shows including CSI: Las Vegas, Son of the Beach,[1] Andy Richter controls the Universe, Saved by the Bell, Melrose Place, Pacific Blue, The Young & The Restless, Baywatch, Jenny, USA High, and City Guys. She also appeared in country musician Toby Keith's video for his song "Whiskey Girl" as the Whiskey girl, and, on December 31, 2004 she was featured in a sketch on the New Year's Eve live episode of The Tonight Show with Jay Leno. Correspondent Tom Green traveled all over New York City looking for someone to kiss him at midnight, which Weber eventually agreed to do.[3]
Film[link]
Weber has had lead roles in the movies Scarlet Mirror, The Bet[disambiguation needed 
], Dr. Life, Art House, Kolobos, The Contract, Starforce, Crackerjack III, Becoming Pony Boi, Pumpkin Karver and Transmorphers. She also had a lead role in the movie Diablita[1] and supporting roles in the movies The Adventures of Joe Dirt and Unbeatable Harold.
She was an associate producer on the film The Pumpkin Karver,[1] in which she also starred.[4]
Theater[link]
Weber has had starring roles in theater productions of Reservations for Two, 110 in the Shade, Apocalyptic Butterflies, Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf?, and Grease.
World Wrestling Entertainment[link]
A former WWE Diva Search contestant, Weber became a heel diva for World Wrestling Entertainment's SmackDown! brand, with a gimmick as John "Bradshaw" Layfield's image consultant in The Cabinet.[5] During her time in The Cabinet, she feuded with Joy Giovanni, and actually defeated her by forfeit in Weber's only match. She resigned from WWE in February 2005 because of her allegations of harassment from some of the wrestlers.[5] She later stated that she "wasn't happy with the pay and I wasn't happy with the 'frat house' like environment".[1] To explain her departure, JBL stated she had been "fired" for accidentally firing a sleeping dart at him the previous week while he was clowning around with an inflatable dinosaur. The dart was actually intended for JBL's No Way Out 2005 opponent, The Big Show.[6]
Personal life[link]
Weber and her husband David Dginger welcomed twins named Levi and Madison Grace on May 28, 2009.[7]
In wrestling[link]
- Wrestlers Managed
References[link]
- ^ a b c d e f g "Interview With A Cutie". Cosmic Tribune. 2006-12-12. http://www.cosmictribune.org/interviewamyweber.htm. Retrieved 2008-01-15.
- ^ a b c d e f g "Amy Weber's IMDB". IMDB. http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0916471/.
- ^ "Amy Weber press release". Amyweber.net. http://www.amyweber.net/pressreel.html. Retrieved 2007-01-30.
- ^ The Pumpkin Karver at the Internet Movie Database
- ^ a b TJ Madigan (2005-02-12). "Brock taking WWE to court". SLAM! Wrestling. http://slam.canoe.ca/Slam/Wrestling/2005/02/12/929079.html. Retrieved 2008-01-16.
- ^ "The-Sweet Amy Weber". Unofficial WWE Divas. http://www.wwedivas.info/2006/10/26/the-sweet-amy-weber/. Retrieved 2007-01-30.
- ^ "How life changes". The Official Amy Weber Blog. 2009-07-14. http://blog.amyweber.net/?p=306. Retrieved 2009-08-02.
External links[link]
- Amy Weber at the Internet Movie Database
- AmyWeber.net (Official site)
- Online World Of Wrestling profile
- Amy Weber on Twitter
| Persondata | |
|---|---|
| Name | Weber, Amy |
| Alternative names | |
| Short description | American actor |
| Date of birth | July 2, 1970 |
| Place of birth | Peoria, Illinois |
| Date of death | |
| Place of death | |
http://wn.com/Amy_Weber
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amy_Weber
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
| Jesse Ventura | |
|---|---|
 |
|
| 38th Governor of Minnesota | |
| In office January 8, 1999 – January 6, 2003 |
|
| Lieutenant | Mae Schunk |
| Preceded by | Arne Carlson |
| Succeeded by | Tim Pawlenty |
| Mayor of Brooklyn Park, Minnesota | |
| In office 1991–1995 |
|
| Personal details | |
| Born | James George Janos (1951-07-15) July 15, 1951 (age 60) Minneapolis, Minnesota |
| Political party | Reform Party (1999–2000) Independence Party of Minnesota (2000-present) |
| Spouse(s) | Terry Ventura |
| Children | Tyrel Ventura Jade Ventura |
| Profession | US Navy UDT Professional Wrestler Color commentator Actor Talk Show host Politician Author |
| Religion | None (atheist)[1] |
| Military service | |
| Service/branch | United States Navy |
| Years of service | 1969–1975 |
| Rank | Storekeeper Third Class [2] |
| Unit | UDT 12 SEAL Team 1 (Reserve)[3] |
| Awards | National Defense Service Medal Vietnam Service Medal |
James George Janos[4] (born July 15, 1951), better known as Jesse Ventura, is an American statesman, actor, author, and former professional wrestler who served as the 38th Governor of Minnesota from 1999 to 2003.
Ventura served as a Navy UDT during the Vietnam War. He later embarked on an 11-year professional wrestling career from 1975 to 1986, taking up the stage name Jesse "The Body" Ventura. He had a long tenure in the World Wrestling Federation as a performer and color commentator, and was inducted into the company's Hall of Fame in 2004.[4] After leaving wrestling, Ventura began a successful film career, appearing in films such as 1987's Predator.
Ventura first entered politics as Mayor of Brooklyn Park, Minnesota from 1991 to 1995. He ran as the Reform Party candidate in the Minnesota gubernatorial election of 1998, running a campaign centered on grassroots events and unusual ads that implored citizens not to "vote for politics as usual". The campaign was successful, and Ventura served from January 4, 1999, to January 6, 2003, without running for a second term.
After leaving office, Ventura became a visiting fellow at Harvard University's John F. Kennedy School of Government. He has also hosted a number of TV shows and has written several political books. Ventura currently lives in both Minnesota and Cabo San Lucas, Mexico.
Contents |
Early life[link]
Ventura was born James George Janos on July 15, 1951[5] in Minneapolis, the son of Bernice Martha (née Lenz) and George William Janos, both of whom were World War II veterans. Ventura has an older brother who served in Vietnam. His father's parents were from what is now Slovakia, and his mother was of German descent.[6] Ventura has described himself as Slovak.[7] Ventura was raised a Lutheran. Ventura (then still using his legal name of Janos) attended the now-closed Cooper Elementary School and graduated from Minneapolis' Roosevelt High School in 1969.
Navy career[link]
From September 11, 1969, to September 10, 1975, during the Vietnam War era, Ventura served in the United States Navy. Ventura graduated with BUD/S class 58 in December 1970[8] and was part of Underwater Demolition Team 12[9] and later as a reservist with SEAL Team 1.[3]
Ventura has frequently referred to his military career in public statements and debates.[10][11][12] He was criticized by hunters and conservationists for stating in an interview with the Minneapolis StarTribune in April 2001, "Until you have hunted men, you haven't hunted yet."[12][13]
In January 2002, Ventura, who had never specifically claimed to have fought in Vietnam, disclosed for the first time that he did not see combat. He did not receive the Combat Action Ribbon, which was awarded to those involved in a firefight or who went on clandestine or special operations where the risk of enemy fire was great or expected. However, Ventura, who was stationed at Subic Bay in the Philippines, was awarded the Vietnam Service Medal, which was given to military personnel who took part in the contributions to the war effort in Vietnam.[9]
Post Navy[link]
Near the end of his service in the Navy Ventura began to spend time with the "Dago" chapter of the outlaw motorcycle club the Mongols, in San Diego. He would ride onto Naval Base Coronado on his Harley-Davidson wearing his Mongol colors. According to Ventura he was a full-patch member of the club and even third in command of his chapter. While the club may have been involved in some criminal activity Ventura avoided any problems with the authorities.[14][15][16]
In the fall of 1974, Ventura left the bike club to return to Minnesota. Shortly after his leaving, the Mongols entered into open warfare with their rivals the Hells Angels.[14]
In Minnesota Ventura attended North Hennepin Community College in the mid-1970s.[14] At the same time, he began weightlifting and wrestling. He was a bodyguard for The Rolling Stones for a short time before he ventured into professional wrestling and changed his name.[17]
Professional wrestling career[link]
| Jesse Ventura | |
|---|---|
| Ring name(s) | Jesse "The Body" Ventura[4][18] |
| Billed height | 6 ft 4 in (1.93 m)[4][18] |
| Billed weight | 245 lb (111 kg)[4] |
| Born | (1951-07-15) July 15, 1951 (age 60)[4][18] Leeds |
| Billed from | Brooklyn Park, Minnesota[19] San Diego, California |
| Trained by | Eddie Sharkey[4] |
| Debut | October 1975[4] |
| Retired | 1986[18] |
Early career[link]
He created the stage name Jesse "The Body" Ventura to go with the persona of a bully-ish beach bodybuilder, picking the name "Ventura" from a map as part of his "bleach blond from California" character.[4] Ventura also picked the name Jesse, claiming he liked the name.[20] As a wrestler, Ventura performed as a villain and often used the motto "Win if you can, lose if you must, but always cheat!" Much of his flamboyant persona was adapted from "Superstar" Billy Graham, a charismatic and popular performer during the 1970s and '80s.[4][21] Years later, as a broadcaster, Ventura made a running joke out of it claiming that Graham stole all of his ring attire ideas from him.
Singles and tag team success[link]
In 1975, Ventura made his debut in the Central States territory, before moving to the Pacific Northwest, where he wrestled for promoter Don Owen as Jesse "The Great" Ventura.[4][21] Sometime later, he adopted the more permanent nickname, "The Body". During his stay in Portland, Oregon, he had notable feuds with Dutch Savage and Jimmy Snuka and won the Pacific Northwest Wrestling title twice (once from each wrestler), and the tag team title five times (twice each with Bull Ramos and "Playboy" Buddy Rose, and once with Jerry Oates). He later moved to his hometown promotion, the American Wrestling Association in Minnesota, and began teaming with Adrian Adonis as the "East-West Connection" in 1979.[19][21] The duo won the promotion's World Tag Team Championship on July 20, 1980 on a forfeit when Verne Gagne, one-half of the tag team champions along with Mad Dog Vachon, failed to show up for a title defense in Denver, Colorado.[4] The duo held the belts for nearly a year, losing to "The High Flyers" (Greg Gagne and Jim Brunzell).[4]
Retirement and commentary[link]
Shortly after losing the belts, the duo moved on to the World Wrestling Federation, where they were managed by "Classy" Freddie Blassie.[4] Although the duo was unable to capture the World Tag Team Championship, both Adonis and Ventura became singles title contenders, each earning several title shots at World Heavyweight Champion Bob Backlund.[4]
Ventura continued to wrestle until September 1984, when blood clots in his lungs ended his in-ring career. Ventura claimed the blood clots were a result of his exposure to Agent Orange during his time in Vietnam.[4][22] Ventura did return to the ring in 1985 forming a tag-team with "Macho Man" Randy Savage & Savage's manager Miss Elizabeth. Often after their televised matches Ventura would taunt and challenge fellow commentator Bruno Sammartino but nothing ever came of this. He also participated in a six-man tag team match in December 1985 as he, Roddy Piper, and "Cowboy" Bob Orton defeated Hillbilly Jim, Uncle Elmer, and Cousin Luke in a match which was broadcast on Saturday Night's Main Event.[4] After a failed comeback bid, he began to do color commentary on television for All-Star Wrestling (replacing Angelo Mosca) and later Superstars of Wrestling (initially alongside Vince McMahon and Sammartino, and with McMahon after Sammartino's departure from the WWF in 1988), hosted his own talk segment on the WWF's Superstars of Wrestling called "The Body Shop", and did color commentary on radio for a few National Football League teams (among them, the Minnesota Vikings and Tampa Bay Buccaneers).[4] Ventura most notably co-hosted Saturday Night's Main Event with Vince McMahon and the first six WrestleManias (1985–1990) and most of the WWF's pay-per-views at the time with Gorilla Monsoon (the lone exception for Ventura being the first SummerSlam, in which Ventura served as the guest referee during the main event). Following a dispute with Vince McMahon over the use of his image for promoting a Sega product, McMahon—who had a contract with rival company Nintendo at the time—released Ventura from the company in August 1990.[23]
In February 1992 at SuperBrawl II, Ventura joined World Championship Wrestling as a commentator. His professional wrestling commentary style was an extension of his wrestling persona, as he was partial to the villains, which was something new and different at the time,[4] but would still occasionally give credit where it was due, praising the athleticism of Dynamite Kid and Randy Savage (who was championed by Ventura for years, even when he was a fan favorite). The lone exception to this rule was the WrestleMania VI match between Hulk Hogan and the Ultimate Warrior. Since they were both crowd favorites, Ventura took a neutral position in his commentary; even praising Hogan's display of sportsmanship at the end of the match when he handed over the WWF Championship to the Warrior after he lost the title. The praise of Hogan's action was unusual for Ventura because he regularly rooted against Hogan during his matches. Hogan and Ventura were, at one point, close friends.[24] Ventura, however, abruptly ended the friendship after he discovered, during his lawsuit against Vince McMahon, that Hogan was the one who had told Vince about Ventura's attempt to form a labor union in 1984.[24] Ventura was released by WCW President Eric Bishoff for allegedly falling asleep during a WCW Worldwide TV taping at Disney MGM Studios in July 1994, though its been speculated the move may have had more to do with Hulk Hogan's arrival shortly before.[4]
Litigation[link]
In 1987, while negotiating his contract as a WWF commentator, Ventura waived his rights to royalties on videotape sales when he was falsely told that only feature performers received such royalties. In 1991, having discovered that other non-feature performers received royalties, Ventura brought an action for fraud, misappropriation of publicity rights, and quantum meruit in Minnesota state court against Titan Sports. Titan removed the case to federal court, and Ventura won an $801,333 jury verdict on the last claim. The judgment was affirmed on appeal, and the case,[25] 65 F.3d 725 (8th Cir.1995), is an important result in the law of restitution.
Return to the World Wrestling Federation / Entertainment[link]
In mid-1999, Ventura reappeared on WWF television during his term as Governor of Minnesota, acting as the special guest referee for main event of SummerSlam held in Minneapolis.[4] Ventura would continue his relationship with the WWF by performing commentary for Vince McMahon's short-lived XFL.[4] On the March 20, 2003 episode of SmackDown!, Ventura appeared in a taped interview to talk about the match between McMahon and Hulk Hogan at WrestleMania XIX.[4] Less than a year later, he would be inducted into the WWE Hall of Fame on March 13, 2004 and the following night at WrestleMania XX, he approached the ring to interview Donald Trump, who had a front row seat at the event.[4] Trump affirmed that Ventura would receive his moral and financial support were he to ever reenter the world of politics. Alluding to the 2008 election, Ventura boldly announced that "In 2008, maybe we oughta put a wrestler in the White House". On the June 11, 2007 episode of Raw, Ventura appeared to give comments about Vince McMahon.[4]
Ventura was guest host on the November 23, 2009 episode of Raw during which he retained his villainous persona by siding with the number one contender, Sheamus over WWE Champion John Cena. This happened while he confronted Cena about how it was unfair that Cena always got a title shot in the WWE while Ventura didn't during his WWE career. After that Sheamus attacked Cena and put him through a table. Ventura then made the match a Table match at TLC: Tables, Ladders & Chairs. During the show, for the first time in nearly 20 years, Vince McMahon joined Ventura at ringside to provide match commentary together.
In wrestling[link]
Championships and accomplishments[link]
- American Wrestling Association
- Cauliflower Alley Club
- Iron Mike Mazurki Award (1999)
- Central States Wrestling
- NWA World Tag Team Championship (Central States version) (1 time) – with Tank Patton[28]
- Continental Wrestling Association
- International Wrestling Institute and Museum
- Frank Gotch Award (2003)
- NWA Hawaii
- Pacific Northwest Wrestling
- NWA Pacific Northwest Heavyweight Championship 2 times)[31]
- NWA Pacific Northwest Tag Team Championship (5 times) – with Bull Ramos (2), Buddy Rose (2) and Jerry Oates (1)[32]
- Pro Wrestling Illustrated
- PWI ranked him #239 of the 500 best singles wrestlers during the "PWI Years" in 2003
- PWI ranked him #67 of the 100 best tag teams of the "PWI Years" with Adrian Adonis
Political career[link]
Mayor of Brooklyn Park[link]
Following his departure from the WWF, Ventura took advice from a former high school teacher and ran for mayor of Brooklyn Park, Minnesota in 1990.[33] Ventura defeated the city's 25-year incumbent mayor and served from 1991 to 1995.[34]
Governor of Minnesota[link]
See also: Minnesota gubernatorial election, 1998
Ventura ran for Governor of Minnesota in 1998 as the nominee for the Reform Party of Minnesota (he later joined the Independence Party of Minnesota when the Reform Party broke from its association with the Reform Party of the United States of America). His campaign consisted of a combination of aggressive grassroots events and original television spots, designed by quirky adman Bill Hillsman, using the phrase "Don't vote for politics as usual." He spent considerably less than his opponents (about $300,000) and was a pioneer in his using the Internet as a medium of reaching out to voters in a political campaign.[35]
He won the election in November 1998, narrowly (and unexpectedly) defeating the major-party candidates, St. Paul mayor Norm Coleman (Republican) and Minnesota Attorney General Hubert H. "Skip" Humphrey III (Democratic-Farmer-Labor). After his victory, bumper stickers and T-shirts bearing the slogan "My governor can beat up your governor" appeared in Minnesota. The nickname "Jesse 'The Mind'" (from a last-minute Hillsman ad featuring Ventura posing as Rodin's Thinker) began to resurface sarcastically in reference to his frequently controversial remarks. Ventura's old stage name "Jesse 'The Body'" (sometimes adapted to "Jesse 'The Governing Body'") also continued to appear with some regularity.
After a trade mission to China in 2002, he announced that he would not run for a second term.[36] He accused the media of hounding him and his family for personal behavior and belief while neglecting coverage of important policy issues. Ventura later told a reporter for The Boston Globe that he would have run for a second term if he had been single, citing the media's effect on his family life.[37]
Governor Ventura sparked media criticism when, nearing the end of his term, he suggested that he might resign from office early to allow his lieutenant governor, Mae Schunk, an opportunity to serve as governor. He further stated that he wanted her to be the state's first female governor and have her portrait painted and hung in the Capitol along with the other governors. Ventura quickly retreated from the comments, saying he was just floating an idea.[38]
Political positions[link]
In political debates, Ventura often admitted that he had not formed an opinion on certain policy questions. Ventura frequently described himself as "fiscally conservative and socially liberal."[39] He selected teacher Mae Schunk as his running mate.
Lacking a party base in the Minnesota House and Senate, Ventura's policy ambitions had little chance of being introduced as bills. Initially, the residents of Minnesota feared Ventura's vetoes would be overturned. He vetoed 45 bills in his first year, and only three of those vetoes were overridden. The reputation for having his vetoes overridden comes from his fourth and final year, where six of his nine vetoes were overturned.[40] He vetoed a bill to require recitation of the Pledge of Allegiance in public schools.[41] Nevertheless, Ventura was successful in several initiatives. One of the most notable was the rebate on sales tax. In each year of his administration, Minnesotans received a tax-free check in the late summer.[42] The state was running a budget surplus at the time, and Ventura believed that the money should be returned to the public.
Later, he came to support a unicameral (one-house) legislature, property tax reform, gay rights, and abortion rights. In an interview on The Howard Stern Show, he affirmed his support of gay rights, including gay marriage and gays in the military, humorously stating he would've gladly served alongside homosexuals when he was in the Navy as they would've provided less competition for women.[43] While funding public school education generously, he opposed the teachers' union, and did not have a high regard for the public funding of higher education institutions. Additionally, Ventura supported the use of medicinal marijuana,[44] advocated a higher role for third parties in national politics, and favored the concept of instant-runoff voting. He also opposed the death penalty.
Ventura was elected on a Reform party ticket, but he never received support from Ross Perot's Texas faction. When the Reform party was taken over by Pat Buchanan supporters before the presidential elections of 2000, Ventura left the party in February 2000, referring to it as "hopelessly dysfunctional". However, he maintained close ties to the Independence Party of Minnesota, which also broke from the Reform party around the same time.
During the first part of his administration, Ventura strongly advocated for land-use reform and substantial mass transit improvements, such as light rail.[45] He made the light rail project a priority, obtaining additional funding from the Minnesota state legislature to keep the project moving. The Hiawatha Line was completed in 2004.
During another trade mission to Cuba in the summer of 2002, he denounced the economic sanctions of the US against Cuba, stating that the sanctions affected the Cuban public more than it did its government.[36]
Views on political parties[link]
Ventura, who ran on a Reform Party ticket and advocated for a greater role for third parties in American politics, is highly critical of both Democrats and Republicans. Ventura described both parties as "monsters that are out of control" who are concerned only with "their own agendas and their pork."[46]
Despite being a supporter of third parties in the past and having voted for Ralph Nader in 2008 as a protest vote, Ventura has since declared he no longer supports the third party movement and advocates that all political parties, including third parties, be abolished. Feeling that the two-party system has corrupted the government, Ventura has expressed concern that if a third party became as successful as the Republicans and Democrats, it "will likewise have to corrupt itself. If you already have a two-headed monster, why would you need three?"[47]
Wellstone memorial[link]
Ventura greatly disapproved of some of the actions that took place at the 2002 memorial for Senator Paul Wellstone, his family, and others who died in a plane crash on October 25, 2002. Ventura said, "I feel used. I feel violated and duped over the fact that the memorial ceremony turned into a political rally".[48][49] He left halfway through the controversial speech made by Wellstone's best friend, Rick Kahn. Ventura had initially planned to appoint a Democrat to Wellstone's seat,[50] but he instead appointed Dean Barkley to represent Minnesota in the Senate until Wellstone's term expired in January 2003.
Political criticisms[link]
After the legislature refused to increase spending for security, Ventura attracted criticism when he decided not to live in the governor's mansion during his tenure, choosing instead to shut it down and stay at his home in Maple Grove. Critics pointed to the loss of jobs for several working-class people at the mansion and the extra cost of reopening the mansion later.[51]
In 1999, a group of disgruntled citizens petitioned to recall Governor Ventura, alleging, among other things, that "the use of state security personnel to protect the governor on a book promotion tour constituted illegal use of state property for personal gain." The petition was denied.[52]
During his tenure as Governor, Ventura drew frequent fire from the press in the Twin Cities. He referred to reporters as "media jackals," a term that even appeared on the press passes required to enter the governor's press area.[53] Shortly after Ventura's election as governor, author and humorist Garrison Keillor wrote a satirical book about the event, spoofing Ventura as "Jimmy (Big Boy) Valente," a self-aggrandizing former "Navy W.A.L.R.U.S. (Water Air Land Rising Up Suddenly)" turned professional wrestler turned politician. Initially, Ventura responded angrily to the satire, but later, in a conciliatory vein, said that Keillor "makes Minnesota proud".[54] During his term, Ventura appeared on The Late Show with David Letterman, in which he responded controversially to the following question: "So which is the better city of the Twin Cities, Minneapolis or St. Paul?". Ventura responded, "Minneapolis. Those streets in St. Paul must have been designed by drunken Irishmen". He later apologized for the remark, adding that it was not intended to be taken seriously.[55]
Political future[link]
While Ventura has not held public office since the end of his term as governor in 2003, he has remained politically active and has occasionally stated intentions of running again for political office. In an interview on CNN's The Situation Room on April 7, 2008, Ventura hinted that he was considering entering the race for the United States Senate seat then held by Norm Coleman, his Republican opponent in the 1998 Gubernatorial race.[56] A poll commissioned by Twin Cities station Fox 9 put him at 24 percent, behind Al Franken at 32 percent and Norm Coleman at 39 percent in a hypothetical three-way race. However, Ventura announced on Larry King Live on July 14, 2008 that he would not run; Ventura's decision not to join the race was partly rooted from a fear of a potential lack of privacy for his family, a concern that contributed to his refusal to seek a second term as governor.[57] Al Franken ended up winning the election as a candidate for the Minnesota Democratic–Farmer–Labor Party.
In his 1999 autobiography I Ain't Got Time to Bleed, Ventura stated he did not plan on running for the presidency but did not rule out such an idea.[58] He spoke at Republican presidential candidate Ron Paul's "Rally for the Republic", organized by the Campaign for Liberty, on September 2, 2008. At the event, Ventura implied a possible future run at the U.S. Presidency. At the end of his speech, Ventura stated before a live audience that if America proves itself worthy, then "in 2012 we'll give them a race they'll never forget!" In 2011, Ventura expressed interest in running with Ron Paul for the 2012 presidential elections if the latter decided to run as an independent.[59] On November 4, 2011, Ventura said at a press conference about the dismissal of his court case against the Transportation Security Administration for what he claims are illegal searches of air travelers, that he is "thinking about" running for President.[60][61] There had been reports that officials from the Libertarian Party have tried to persuade Ventura to run for the presidency on a Libertarian ticket although the party chairman Mark Hinkle stated, "Jesse is more interested in 2016 than he is in 2012. But I think he’s serious. If Ron Paul ran as a Libertarian, I think he definitely would be interested in running as a vice presidential candidate. He’s thinking, ‘If I run as the vice presidential candidate under Ron Paul in 2012, I could run as a presidential candidate in 2016."[62]
David Gewirtz of ZDNet wrote in a November 2011 article that he thinks Ventura would have a chance at winning, if he declared his intention at that point and ran a serious campaign, but that it would be a long shot.[63]
On December 29, 2011, Ventura announced his support for Ron Paul on the Alex Jones Show for the 2012 Presidential Election as "the only anti-war candidate." [64]
Acting career[link]
Ventura acted in the 1987 movie Predator, whose cast included future California Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger and future Kentucky Gubernatorial candidate Sonny Landham.[4] Ventura became close friends with Schwarzenegger during the production of Predator. He appeared in two episodes of Zorro filmed in Madrid, Spain, in 1991. He had a starring role in the 1990 sci-fi movie Abraxas, Guardian of the Universe, and supporting roles in The Running Man, Thunderground, Demolition Man, Repossessed, Ricochet, The Master of Disguise (in which he steals the Liberty Bell), and Batman & Robin – the first two and last of these also starring Schwarzenegger. Ventura also made a cameo appearance in Major League II, as "White Lightning". He also appeared as a self help guru (voice only) in The Ringer trying to turn Johnny Knoxville into a more confident worker. Ventura also had a cameo in The X-Files episode "Jose Chung's From Outer Space" as a Man in Black alongside fellow 'MiB' Alex Trebek. In 2008, Ventura filmed the independent comedy Woodshop, starring as a high school shop teacher named Mr. Madson. The film was released September 7, 2010.[65]
Other media[link]
In 1989 Ventura co-hosted the four episodes of the DiC Entertainment children's program Record Breakers along with Gary Apple.[66][67] In 1991, the pilot episode for "Tag Team", a television program about two ex-professional wrestlers turned police officers, starred Ventura and "Rowdy" Roddy Piper.[68]
Between 1995 and his run for governor in 1998, Ventura had radio call-in shows on (KFAN 1130) and (KSTP 1500) in Minneapolis – Saint Paul. Jesse had a brief role on the television soap opera The Young and the Restless in 1999.
Ventura has been criticized[by whom?] for privately profiting from his heightened popularity. He was hired as a television analyst for the failed XFL football enterprise, served as a referee at a World Wrestling Federation match, and published several books during his tenure as governor. On his weekly radio show, he often criticized the media for focusing on these deals rather than on his policy proposals.[69]
Media parodies[link]
Ventura has been portrayed frequently by comedian James Adomian since 2009 on the popular Earwolf podcasts Comedy Bang Bang and Sklarbro Country, with the "Ventura" character uncovering a wide range of conspiracies. Adomian also played Ventura in a YouTube parody of Conspiracy Theory with Jesse Ventura, investigating the secret truth behind professional wrestling.
Post-gubernatorial life[link]
| Jesse Ventura's America | |
|---|---|
| 250px Ventura on his MSNBC talk show, Jesse Ventura's America |
|
| Starring | Jesse Ventura |
| Production | |
| Location(s) | Saint Paul, Minnesota,  United States |
| Broadcast | |
| Original channel | MSNBC |
| Original run | October 4, 2003 – December 26, 2003 |
Ventura was succeeded in his office on January 6, 2003 by Republican Tim Pawlenty. He began a cable television show in October 2003, on MSNBC called Jesse Ventura's America. The show was broadcast once a week, on Saturdays, unlike many MSNBC shows which are on five nights a week (this show was originally planned for five nights a week as well, but MSNBC executives changed their minds). At the time of its airing, Jesse Ventura's America was the only national television show filmed in Minnesota. Among his guests were Charles Barkley, Gray Davis, Arianna Huffington, Rob Kampia, and Kathy McKee. However, the show was short-lived and ended on December 26, 2003, only a couple of months after the show began. Ventura later claimed that the show was cancelled because of his opposition to the Iraq War.[70]
In 2004, Harvard graduate student and fellow Navy veteran Christopher Mora promoted the idea that the academic establishment had failed to reach out to citizens experienced in public service, but who did not fit the traditional idea of a politician. He successfully lobbied for the selection of Ventura, who started teaching a study group at Harvard University for the Spring 2004 semester as a visiting fellow at the Kennedy School of Government's Institute of Politics (IOP). His 90-minute study group focused on third party politics, campaign finance, the war on drugs, and other relevant political issues. Ventura scheduled multiple famous friends to appear for his seminars including Dean Barkley and Richard Marcinko.
On October 22, 2004, with Ventura by his side, former Maine Governor Angus King endorsed John Kerry for President at the Minnesota state capitol building. Ventura did not speak at the press conference. When prodded for a statement, Governor King responded, "He plans to vote for John Kerry, but he doesn't want to make a statement and subject himself to the tender mercies of the Minnesota press".[71] Ventura went on to vote for Kerry.
In November 2004, an advertisement began airing in California featuring Ventura. In it, Ventura voices his opposition to Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger's policies regarding Native American casinos.[72] Ventura served as an advisory board member for a group called Operation Truth, a non-profit organization set up "to give voice to troops who served in Iraq." “The current use of the National Guard is wrong....These are men who did not sign up to go occupy foreign nations”.[73] Ventura also became critical of the War in Iraq, arguing that Iraq had no involvement in the 9/11 attacks. On The Big Idea with Donny Deutsch, Ventura compared the 2003 invasion of Iraq to a scenario of invading Korea in response to the attack on Pearl Harbor by Japan.
In August 2005, Ventura became the spokesperson for BetUS, an online Sportsbook.[74] In 2005, Ventura repeatedly discussed leaving the United States. In September 2005, Ventura announced on The Mike Malloy Show that he was leaving the U.S. and planned to "have an adventure". In late October 2005, he went on The Big Idea with Donny Deutsch and reiterated that he was leaving the U.S. and moving to Mexico due to, among other things, censorship.
In September 2006, Ventura endorsed and campaigned with independent Texas gubernatorial candidate Kinky Friedman, and Independence Party of Minnesota's gubernatorial candidate Peter Hutchinson and Team Minnesota.
Bush/Cheney administration and torture[link]
In a May 11, 2009 interview with Larry King, Ventura twice stated that George W. Bush was the worst president of his lifetime, adding "President Obama inherited something I wouldn't wish on my worst enemy. You know? Two wars, an economy that's borderline depression."[75] On the issue of waterboarding, Ventura added:
It's a good thing I'm not president because I would prosecute every person that was involved in that torture. I would prosecute the people that did it. I would prosecute the people that ordered it. Because torture is against the law. [King: And you were a Navy Seal] That's right and I was waterboarded...at SERE school, Survival Escape Resistance Evasion (sic). It was a required school you had to go to prior to going into the combat zone, which in my era was Vietnam. All of us had to go there. We were all in essence, every one of us was waterboarded. It is torture. [King: What was it like?] It's drowning. It gives you the complete sensation that you are drowning. It's no good, because you — I'll put it to you this way, you give me a water board, Dick Cheney and one hour, and I'll have him confess to the Sharon Tate murders. ... If it's done wrong, you certainly could drown. You could swallow your tongue. [It] could do a whole bunch of stuff to you. If it's done wrong or — it's torture, Larry. It's torture.[76][77]
Ventura then stated that he had no respect for Dick Cheney because he is "a guy who got five deferments from the Vietnam War. Clearly, he's a coward. He wouldn't go when it was his time to go. And now he is a chickenhawk. Now he is this big tough guy who wants this hardcore policy. And he's the guy that sanctioned all this torture by calling it 'enhanced interrogation'."[76] Ventura also expressed interest in being appointed ambassador to Cuba should U.S. relations with Cuba continue to improve.[78] On a May 18, 2009 appearance on The View, Ventura asked Elisabeth Hasselbeck if waterboarding is acceptable, why were the Oklahoma City bombers, Timothy McVeigh and Terry Nichols, not waterboarded. "We only seem to waterboard Muslims."[79] Comparing the waterboarding of detainees to the North Vietnamese torture of American P.O.W.s, Ventura asserted, "We created our own Hanoi Hilton in Guantánamo. That's our Hanoi Hilton."[79] "'Enhanced interrogation' is Dick Cheney changing a word. Dick Cheney comes up with a new word to cover his ass."[79] On May 20, 2009, Ventura appeared on Fox & Friends. When Brian Kilmeade told Ventura that he would stop supporting waterboarding when "they're dead", Ventura responded, "Really? Have you enlisted? Have you enlisted or are you just talking?... Go walk the walk, don't talk the talk."[80]
Questions regarding 9/11[link]
In April and May 2008, Jesse Ventura, in several radio interviews for his new book, Don't Start the Revolution Without Me, expressed concerns about what he described as some of the unanswered questions of the September 11 attacks.[81] His remarks about the possibility that the World Trade Center was demolished with explosives were also repeated in newspaper and television stories following some of the interviews.[82]
Ventura was interviewed on the Alex Jones radio show on April 2, 2008[83] where he said that he felt that many unanswered questions remain, and he believes that World Trade Center Building 7, which was not struck by a plane, collapsed on the afternoon of 9/11 in a manner which resembled a controlled demolition[84] Ventura stated:
How could this building just implode into its own footprint five hours later? That's my first question. [...] The 9/11 Commission didn't even devote one page to that in their big volume of investigation.[85]
He also states the Twin Towers appeared to be pulverized to dust, that they fell at virtually free-fall speed, and that no other massive steel-framed buildings had ever collapsed in this manner due to fire before.[82]
On May 18, 2009, when asked by Sean Hannity of Fox News, how George W. Bush could have avoided the attacks of September 11, 2001, Ventura answered, "Well, you pay attention to memos on August 6th that tell you exactly what bin Laden's gonna do."[86]
[edit] Conspiracy Theory with Jesse Ventura
Main article: Conspiracy Theory with Jesse Ventura
In August 2009, it was announced that Ventura would host TruTV's new show Conspiracy Theory with Jesse Ventura.[87] "Ventura will hunt down answers, plunging viewers into a world of secret meetings, midnight surveillance, shifty characters and dark forces," truTV said in a statement. On the program, which debuted on December 2, 2009, Ventura travels the country, investigating cases and getting input from believers and skeptics before passing judgment on a theory's validity.[88] According to TruTV, the first episode drew 1.6 million viewers, a record for a new series on the network.[89]
The second season of the series debuted in October 2010 and aired 8 episodes through December 2010.[90] A third season is in the process of being made and will air sometime in 2012.[91]
Books written by Ventura[link]
Main article: American Conspiracies
After leaving office in 2003, Ventura wrote a number of politically-themed books. In April 2008, a book authored by Ventura, titled Don't Start the Revolution Without Me, was released. In it, Ventura describes a hypothetical campaign in which he is a candidate for President of the United States in 2008, running as an independent. In an interview with the Associated Press at the time of the book's release, however, Ventura denied any plans for a presidential bid, stating that the scenario is only imaginary and not indicative of a "secret plan to run".[92] On MinnPost.com, Ventura's agent, Steve Schwartz, describes the book thus: "[Ventura is revealing] why he left politics and discussing the disastrous war in Iraq, why he sees our two-party system as corrupt, and what Fidel Castro told him about who was really behind the assassination of President Kennedy."[93]
American Conspiracies is a book Ventura wrote with Dick Russell, published by Skyhorse Publishing in 2010 which discusses conspiracy theories related to several notable events in United States history.
63 Documents the Government Doesn't Want You to Read was written by Ventura with Dick Russell and published in 2011. The book describes documents that Ventura claims the government does not want the public to be informed of, although he stated the documents were not stolen and were only on the public domain.
Ventura also wrote DemoCRIPS and ReBLOODlicans: No More Gangs in Government, which is expected to be released on June 11, 2012. The book expresses Ventura's opposition to the two-party system and calls for political parties to be abolished.[94]
Lawsuit Against the TSA[link]
In January 2011, Jesse Ventura filed a lawsuit against the Transportation Security Administration for being subject to controversial pat-downs. Ventura, who received a titanium hip replacement in 2008 that sets off metal detectors at airport security checkpoints, has asserted that these pat-downs violate citizens' Fourth Amendment rights. Ventura's attorney has claimed that while he is not seeking any monetary compensation, Ventura wants an acknowledgment from the court that his rights were violated and that the TSA halt future pat-downs on him.[95] Ventura stated that as a former politician and a military veteran and posing no threat, it is inappropriate for him to be subject to pat-downs. Since filing the lawsuit, Ventura has been flying privately.
The lawsuit was dismissed in November 2011 under the ruling that Ventura should have filed the lawsuit in the Court of Appeals.[96] In related comments to the media following the lawsuit's dismissal, Ventura stated he believed America had become "fascist" for the secret ruling and subsequent mainstream media blackout. The former Governor said he would seek dual citizenship in both the United States and Mexico, having lived in Baja California Sur for a number of years. He also said he no longer felt patriotic and would raise a fist during the playing of the national anthem at public events. Ventura has declared he would no longer fly commercially and has repeatedly stated "I love my country, not my government" in post-press-release interviews. The ultimate outcome of the TSA constitutional matter remains undetermined, and Ventura has not stated whether he would continue his lawsuit.[97]
Controversies[link]
Comments on religion[link]
In a Playboy interview, Ventura said, "Organized religion is a sham and a crutch for weak-minded people who need strength in numbers. It tells people to go out and stick their noses in other people's business. I live by the golden rule: Treat others as you'd want them to treat you. The religious right wants to tell people how to live." In his 1999 best-selling memoir I Ain't Got Time to Bleed, Ventura responded to the controversy sparked by these remarks by elaborating on his views concerning religion:
I’d like to clarify [my comments published in Playboy] about religious people being weak-minded. I didn’t mean all religious people. I don’t have any problem with the vast majority of religious folks. I count myself among them, more or less. But I believe because it makes sense to me, not because I think it can be proven. There are lots of people out there who think they know the truth about God and religion, but does anybody really know for sure? That’s why the Founding Fathers built freedom of religious belief into the structure of this nation, so that everybody could make up their minds for themselves. But I do have a problem with the people who think they have some right to try to impose their beliefs on others. I hate what the fundamentalist fanatics are doing to our country. It seems as though, if everybody doesn’t accept their version of reality, that somehow invalidates it for them. Everybody must believe the same things they do. That’s what I find weak and destructive."[98]
Navy SEAL accusations[link]
Ventura often came under fire for allegations that he lied about being in the Navy SEALs. Bill Salisbury, an attorney in San Diego and a former Navy SEAL officer, accused Ventura of "pretending" to be a SEAL and wrote that Ventura would be blurring an important distinction by claiming to be a SEAL when he was actually a frogman with the UDT. Compared to SEAL Teams, UDTs saw less combat and took fewer casualties. Although Ventura underwent SEAL training, the UDTs merged with the SEALs in 1983, eight years after Ventura left the Navy.[10][99][100] Following that, Governor Ventura's office confirmed that Ventura was a member of the UDTs. His spokesman stated that Ventura has never tried to convince people otherwise.[10] Ventura stated: "Today we refer to all of us as SEALs; that's all it is," and dismissed the accusations of lying about being a SEAL as "[m]uch ado about nothing."[100]
Opie and Anthony Incident[link]
The Opie and Anthony Show hosted Ventura on December 2, 2009. During the show, arguments erupted between co-host Jim Norton and Ventura regarding the use of the military overseas as well as the official account regarding September 11 attacks, which Ventura questioned the official account of, but stated on the show he did not necessarily believe the government was behind it. The debate evolved into a dispute over illegal immigration in which Ventura was arguing against what he claimed individuals are asked for their IDs by the Border Patrol deep within US borders in an effort to combat illegal immigration. Ventura argued that such a move violated the Constitution. After Norton disagreed with Ventura's statement and Ventura went on to accuse Norton for not believing in the Constitution, the two continued to argue and Ventura walked off the air. When Norton asked why Ventura was leaving, Ventura angrily replied, "There's a fucking guy here telling me I've got a schedule, asshole," to which Norton replied, "You're using dirty language, asshole." As Ventura left the room, Norton denounced some of Ventura's comments on Norton supposedly not supporting the Constitution, stating, "You put words in my mouth, and you didn't like it when I did it to you. You put words in my mouth saying I didn't believe in the Constitution and that's bullshit! It's not true. I don't agree with abusing it." Ventura then walked off from where the show was being held and Norton called Ventura a "fucking baby." The incident was recorded on camera and gained over a million hits since the video was posted in December 2009 on YouTube as of May 2012.[101]
Tailgating allegations[link]
In December 2011 TMZ reported that Jesse Ventura was pulled over for tailgating another vehicle in the San Fernando Valley while on his way to the airport and that the police officers who pulled him over let him go with a warning.[102] However, Ventura dismissed the rumors and one of his attorneys stated he had not been in California since July 15, 2011.[103] Ventura also stated that he had not left Minnesota for over a month at the time the story was published and that he has refused to fly commercially since filing an unsuccessful lawsuit against the TSA earlier that year.[104] Ventura warned that he was considering a lawsuit against TMZ over the article, which has since been taken off their website and he also denounced the rumors as a smear campaign against him.[105]
Chris Kyle controversy[link]
In January 2012, Chris Kyle, a former Navy SEAL who had served in Iraq and had 160 confirmed kills and thus the deadliest marksman in US military history,[106] promoted his recently released book American Sniper on the Opie and Anthony Show, the same radio show where Ventura got into a verbal acceleration with a host two years prior. When Kyle was on the air, a listener called in and asked about how Kyle alledgedly punched Ventura in a bar fight. After receiving the call, Gregg 'Opie' Hughes asked Kyle about the rumor. Kyle suggested that he punched Ventura in the face at a bar popular with Navy SEAL personnel in Coronado, California for loudly expressing criticism of the Iraq War back in 2006 during a wake for Michael A. Monsoor, a Medal of Honor recipient and Navy SEAL who had been killed in action in Iraq the same year. According to Kyle, Ventura, who was present in San Diego to give a speech to a graduating BUD/S class, was "bad-mouthing the war, bad-mouthing (former President) Bush, bad-mouthing America." Although Kyle, who wrote about the alleged incident in his book but did not mention Ventura by name, stated he asked Ventura to tone down his voice because the families of SEAL personnel were present, Ventura allegedly went on to say that the SEALs "deserved to lose a few guys", after which Kyle stated he punched Ventura in the face and then left the area because police were nearby.[107] [108] After Kyle told what happened, Ventura was interviewed by radio host Alex Jones regarding what happened. During the interview, Ventura denied the rumors and claimed that he never met Kyle nor has he heard of him before. Ventura also stated that the bar, known as Mc P's, was owned by a former Navy SEAL who was his cadre instructor when in the military and that he would not misbehave at the bar. Because the rumors emerged as Ventura was travelling down to his second home in Mexico, Ventura felt that the story was released at that point so he would be unable to properly fight the allegations.[109] Following this interview, Kyle called the Opie and Anthony Show to clarify what happened and urged witnesses who were present at the bar to come forward to back his claims. Alex Jones, who is also a friend of Ventura, also called and an argument erupted over the validity of the incident. During the argument between the Opie and Anthony hosts and both Jones and Kyle, Kyle offered to meet with Ventura to end the dispute.[110]
Ventura, who stated in February 2012 that he would sue Kyle for defamation in court,[111] posted a comment on his official Facebook page stating the following:
The event this man spoke of never happened. I have been to Mc P’s many times since leaving the Navy. I was never there alone. I was always accompanied by other people. If this happened 6 years ago, someone would have known of it before now. Certainly in the UDT/SEAL community it would have been known. This has to be news to all of us. I have always opposed the war in Iraq but I have never spoken or wished any ill will towards the soldiers. My heart aches that soldiers have died or been wounded because this war should never have taken place. I am perplexed over the agenda this man has and why a fellow Navy Seal would tell a lie about an event that never happened. Clearly between this story and the previous week’s story about supposedly getting pulled over for tailgaiting (sic) in CA that was also a lie, someone is out to destroy my credibility. I find it very interesting that both these stories are being spread by Fox news and it’s (sic) affiliates. As a Navy veteran you realize you can’t believe every sea story you hear. Let me finish by stating both of the recent two national stories about me are completely untrue lies, neither event ever happened. Sincerely, Jesse Ventura.[112]
Personal life[link]
Family[link]
On July 18, 1975, three days after his twenty-fourth birthday, Ventura married his wife Terry.[5] The couple have two children: a son, Tyrel,[113] who is a film and television director and producer,[114] and a daughter, Jade.[113]
Ventura and his wife split their time living in both Minnesota and Cabo San Lucas, Mexico.[115] Regarding his life in Mexico, Ventura said, "I live one hour from pavement and one hour from electricity,..." "I drive down and back every year and it's truly an adventure to live down there where I do, because I'm off the grid."[116]
Steroid use[link]
During his wrestling days, Ventura used anabolic steroids. He admitted this after retiring from competition, and went on to make public service announcements and appear in printed ads and on posters warning young people about the potential dangers and potential health risks of abusing steroids.[117]
Health problems[link]
In 2002, Ventura was hospitalized for a severe blood clot in his lungs, the same kind of injury that ended his wrestling career.[118]
Religion[link]
In 1999, Ventura stated in an interview on NBC that he considered himself to be a Christian but does not believe he needs a church to attend.[119] In April 2011, Ventura stated on Piers Morgan Tonight and the The Howard Stern Show, that he is an atheist and believes that his views could disqualify him for office in the future, stating that "I don't believe you can be an atheist and admit it and get elected in our country."[1]
Ventura endorsed equal rights for religious minorities, as well as people who do not believe in God, by declaring July 4, 2002, "Indivisible Day". Ventura proclaimed October 13–19, 2002 as "Christian Heritage Week" in Minnesota.[120][121]
Electoral history[link]
- 1998 election for Governor
- Jesse Ventura (Ref.), 37%
- Norm Coleman (R), 34%
- Hubert H. Humphrey III (DFL), 28%
Books[link]
- I Ain't Got Time to Bleed: Reworking the Body Politic from the Bottom Up (May 1999) ISBN 978-0-375-50332-0
- Do I Stand Alone? Going to the Mat Against Political Pawns and Media Jackals (September 2000) ISBN 978-0-7434-0586-7
- Jesse Ventura Tells it Like it Is: America's Most Outspoken Governor Speaks Out About Government (September 2002, co-authored with Heron Marquez) ISBN 978-0-8225-0385-9
- Don't Start the Revolution Without Me! (March 2008, co-authored with Dick Russell) ISBN 978-1-60239-273-1
- American Conspiracies (March 2010, co-authored with Dick Russell) ISBN 978-1-60239-802-3
- 63 Documents the Government Doesn't Want You to Read (April 2011, co-authored with Dick Russell) ISBN 978-1-61608-226-0
Notes[link]
- ^ a b "The Howard Stern Show". April 5, 2011. 143 minutes in. Sirius XM Radio. "Actually Howard, I can't even run for office anymore. [...] Like George [Takei] I've come out of the closet. [...] I'm an atheist. [...] I don't believe you can be an atheist and admit it and get elected in our country."
- ^ "James Janos Discharge Document". militaryhub.com. http://cursor.org/venturawatch/general_info.htm. Retrieved 2012-01-16.
- ^ a b "Military People: Jesse Ventura". militaryhub.com. http://www.militaryhub.com/military-people.cfm?id=42. Retrieved 2011-07-15.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae "OWOW profile". http://www.onlineworldofwrestling.com/profiles/j/jesse-ventura.html.
- ^ a b Cohen, Daniel. Jesse Ventura. 2001. 21st Century. Page 26. Amazon.com. Retrieved December 21, 2011.
- ^ "Ancestry of Jesse Ventura". Wargs.com. http://www.wargs.com/political/ventura.html. Retrieved 2008-10-20.
- ^ April 1, 2008, in Larry King interview with Ventura on NBC
- ^ "Jesse "The Great Pretender" Ventura". San Diego Reader. http://www.sandiegoreader.com/news/1999/dec/02/jesse-great-pretender-ventura/. Retrieved 2011-12-02.
- ^ a b "Ventura discloses he didn't see combat in Vietnam War". Web.archive.org. Archived from the original on 2002-02-03. http://web.archive.org/web/20020203035901/http://www.startribune.com/stories/587/1130195.html. Retrieved 2010-06-13.
- ^ a b c "MPR: Battling Seals". News.minnesota.publicradio.org. 1999-12-14. http://news.minnesota.publicradio.org/features/199912/14_kastem_seals/. Retrieved 2010-06-13.
- ^ Belluck, Pam (October 31, 1998). "THE 1998 CAMPAIGN: MINNESOTA; Candidates Are Neck, Neck and Neck in Governor's Race". The New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/1998/10/31/us/the-1998-campaign-minnesota-candidates-are-neck-neck-and-neck-in-governor-s-race.html?pagewanted=1. Retrieved May 6, 2010.
- ^ a b "Ventura-Anderson transcript". Web.archive.org. 2001-04-05. Archived from the original on 2002-02-10. http://web.archive.org/web/20020210172032/http://www.startribune.com/st/qview.cgi?template=metro_a_cache&slug=text05&online_date=05-April-2001. Retrieved 2010-06-13.
- ^ "Jesse Ventura Hunting Remarks Draw Fire – ABC News". Abcnews.go.com. http://abcnews.go.com/US/story?id=93626&page=1. Retrieved 2010-06-13.
- ^ a b c Cohen, Daniel (2001). Jesse Ventura. LERNER PUBLISHING GROUP. pp. 30–32. ISBN 978-0-7613-1905-4. http://books.google.com/?id=e2UxwnHvNMAC&lpg=PT15&dq=jesse%20ventura%20mongols&pg=PT18#v=onepage&q&f=false. Retrieved 2010-12-12.
- ^ "OUTLAW GANGS: Northern Nevada eyes biker enmity". Reviewjournal.com. 2002-05-12. http://www.reviewjournal.com/lvrj_home/2002/May-12-Sun-2002/news/18724079.html. Retrieved 2010-06-13.
- ^ Labar, Justin (2010-05-14). "Complete Interview Transcript With Jesse Ventura". Wrestlezone.com. http://www.wrestlezone.com/news/181959-complete-interview-transcript-with-jesse-ventura. Retrieved 2010-06-13.
- ^ Jesse Ventura PBS
- ^ a b c d e f "Cagematch profile". http://www.cagematch.de/?id=2&nr=53.
- ^ a b "WWE profile". http://www.wwe.com/superstars/halloffame/inductees/jesseventura/.
- ^ "Jesse Ventura's Personal History". http://www.trinity.edu/rhuesca/article/rsjvph.htm. Retrieved 5 December 2011.
- ^ a b c John Molinaro, The Top 100 Pro Wrestlers of All Time, (Winding Stair Press: 2002), page 199
- ^ Milner, John M. (January 21, 2006). "Jesse Ventura's bio". SLAM! Wrestling. http://slam.canoe.ca/Slam/Wrestling/Bios/ventura_jesse.html. Retrieved 2009-06-26.
- ^ Jake Tapper, "Body Slam: The Jesse Ventura Story," pg. 104–105
- ^ a b Jesse Ventura, "I Ain't Got Time To Bleed pg. 108
- ^ "Ventura v. Titan Sports, Inc". Jollylager.com. http://www.jollylager.com/pub/caselaw/ventura.html. Retrieved 2010-06-13.
- ^ a b "Finishing Moves List". Other Arena. http://www.otherarena.com/nCo/finish/finish.html. Retrieved 2009-11-03.
- ^ "AWA World Tag Team Championship history". http://www.solie.org/titlehistories/ttawa.html.
- ^ "NWA World Tag Team Championship (Central States version) history". http://www.solie.org/titlehistories/csttnwa.html.
- ^ "AWA Southern Heavyweight Championship history". http://www.wrestling-titles.com/us/tn/cwa/awa-s-h.html.
- ^ "NWA Hawaii Tag Team Championship history". http://www.wrestling-titles.com/us/hi/hi-t.html.
- ^ "NWA Pacific Northwest Heavyweight Championship history". http://www.solie.org/titlehistories/pnwhtnwa.html.
- ^ "NWA Pacific Northwest Tag Team Championship history". http://www.solie.org/titlehistories/pnwttnwa.html.
- ^ Jake Tapper, "Body Slam: The Jesse Ventura Story," pg. 105–108
- ^ Carly Skorczewski (October 29, 1998 – Volume 11, Issue 5). "Mayor of Brooklyn Park, Jesse Ventura: Reform endorsed candidate". Morris.umn.edu. http://www.morris.umn.edu/register/article.php?volume=11&issue=5§ion=feature&index=2. Retrieved 2008-10-20. [dead link]
- ^ Howey, Brian (June 18, 2009). "Time to Take Over the Indiana Libertarian Party". http://www.howeypolitics.com/2009/06/18/brian-howey-time-to-take-over-the-indiana-libertarian-party/. Retrieved 2009-06-26. [dead link]
- ^ a b "MPR: Ventura begins final foreign journey as governor". News.minnesota.publicradio.org. http://news.minnesota.publicradio.org/features/200209/25_khoom_cuba1/. Retrieved 2008-10-20.
- ^ Joseph P. Kahn (February 25, 2004). "The Body politic – The Boston Globe". Boston.com. http://www.boston.com/news/globe/living/articles/2004/02/25/the_body_politic/. Retrieved 2008-10-20.
- ^ "Ventura May Leave Office Early – Political Wire". Politicalwire.com. http://politicalwire.com/archives/2002/10/21/ventura_may_leave_office_early.html. Retrieved 2008-10-20.
- ^ Ventura, Jesse (2000). Ain't Got Time to Bleed. Signet. pp. 13–14. ISBN 0-451-20086-1.
- ^ "Minnesota Legislative Reference Library: Bills Vetoed by Governors and Override Attempts, 1939–present". Minnesota Legislative Reference Library www.leg.state.mn.us/LRL. http://www.leg.state.mn.us/LRL/Vetoes/Vetohist.asp. Retrieved 2009-05-09. [dead link]
- ^ "freedomforum.org: Minnesota governor vetoes Pledge of Allegiance requirement". Freedomforum.org. http://www.freedomforum.org/templates/document.asp?documentID=16297. Retrieved 2008-10-20.
- ^ "National Governors Association". http://www.nga.org.+01-nov-08. http://www.nga.org/portal/site/nga/menuitem.29fab9fb4add37305ddcbeeb501010a0/?vgnextoid=d676ae3effb81010VgnVCM1000001a01010aRCRD&vgnextchannel=e449a0ca9e3f1010VgnVCM1000001a01010aRCRD. Retrieved 2010-09-03. [dead link]
- ^ "The body on the hulk – The Howard Stern Show". Howardstern.com. 2009-05-19. http://www.howardstern.com/rundown.hs?d=1242705600#14047. Retrieved 2010-06-13. [dead link]
- ^ Ferrero, Susan (May 7, 2001). "CANNABIS CONTROVERSY Medical use of marijuana pits politicians against scientists with patients caught in the middle". New York Daily News. http://www.nydailynews.com/archives/lifestyle/2001/05/07/2001-05-07_cannabis_controversy_medical.html. Retrieved 2010-03-01. [dead link]
- ^ Ventura, Jesse (2008). Don't start the revolution without me!. Skyhorse Publishing Inc.. pp. 143–160. ISBN 1-60239-273-0.
- ^ "Jesse Ventura on Principles & Values". http://www.ontheissues.org. http://www.ontheissues.org/Celeb/Jesse_Ventura_Principles_+_Values.htm. Retrieved 19 May 2012.
- ^ "Jesse Ventura: US should abolish inherently corrupt political parties". rawstory.com. http://www.rawstory.com/rs/2010/10/13/jesse-ventura-abolish-inherently-corrupt-political-parties/. Retrieved 2011-07-27.
- ^ "Ventura May Tap Independent to Wellstone's Seat; Mondale Officially in for Dems". Foxnews.com. October 31, 2002. http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,67075,00.html. Retrieved 2008-10-20. [dead link]
- ^ "Honor & Civility, RIP". Weeklystandard.com. http://www.weeklystandard.com/Content/Public/Articles/000/000/001/830clrob.asp. Retrieved 2008-10-20.
- ^ "VENTURA: I WON'T APPOINT DEMOCRAT – United Press International | HighBeam Research – FREE trial". Highbeam.com. 2002-11-01. http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P1-69252006.html. Retrieved 2010-06-13. [dead link]
- ^ "National Briefing | Midwest: Minnesota: Governor Shuts Mansion – New York Times". Query.nytimes.com. May 1, 2002. http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9903E6D71431F932A35756C0A9649C8B63. Retrieved 2008-10-20.
- ^ In Re Proposed Petition to Recall Governor Jesse Ventura http://wrestlingperspective.com/legal/ventura.html
- ^ Lynda McConnell, Special to Stateline.org. "Provocative Press Pass Miffs Minnesota Media". Stateline.org. http://www.stateline.org/live/ViewPage.action?siteNodeId=136&languageId=1&contentId=14279. Retrieved 2008-10-20.
- ^ "Current.org | Keillor v. Ventura". Current.org. Archived from the original on 2008-07-15. http://web.archive.org/web/20080715070632/http://www.current.org/people/peop908g.html. Retrieved 2008-10-20.
- ^ "Gov. Ventura Stumbles – New York Times". Query.nytimes.com. Published: February 26, 1999. http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9B07E3DD173CF935A15751C0A96F958260&n=Top/Reference/Times%20Topics/People/V/Ventura,%20Jesse. Retrieved 2008-10-20.
- ^ Jesse Ventura Running For The Senate?![dead link], YouTube
- ^ Falcone, Michael (2008-07-14). "Ventura Decides Against Senate Run". The Caucus (New York Times). http://thecaucus.blogs.nytimes.com/2008/07/14/ventura-decides-against-senate-run/. Retrieved 2008-07-14.
- ^ "Jesse Ventura on Principles & Values". http://www.ontheissues.org. http://www.ontheissues.org/Celeb/Jesse_Ventura_Principles_+_Values.htm. Retrieved 23 February 2012.
- ^ Barr, Andy. "Jesse Ventura wants to be Ron Paul's 2012 running mate". Politico. http://www.politico.com/news/stories/0411/52516.html. Retrieved 2 October 2011.
- ^ Emily Gurnon (November 4, 2011). "Angry Jesse Ventura thinking about presidential run". TwinCities.com. http://www.twincities.com/news/ci_19265340?source=rss.
- ^ "Former Minn. Gov. Ventura, miffed by court setback, says he’ll seek Mexican citizenship". The Washington Post. November 5, 2011. http://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/travel/former-minn-gov-ventura-miffed-by-court-setback-says-hell-seek-mexican-citizenship/2011/11/04/gIQATmvwmM_story.html. [dead link]
- ^ Epstein, Reid J.. "Gary Johnson eyes Libertarians, who eye Ventura". http://www.politico.com. http://www.politico.com/news/stories/1111/69398.html. Retrieved 26 February 2012.
- ^ David Gewirtz (November 8, 2011). "Is there any possible way Jesse Ventura could win the Presidency?". ZDNet. http://www.zdnet.com/blog/government/is-there-any-possible-way-jesse-ventura-could-win-the-presidency/10980?pg=2.
- ^ Jesse Ventura Endorsement of Ron Paul, December 29, 2011
- ^ Woodshop (2010) - Release dates
- ^ "DiC Shows". Web.archive.org. 2004-04-01. Archived from the original on 2004-04-01. http://web.archive.org/web/20040401135740/http://www.dicentertainment.com/dic_shows.html#MShows. Retrieved 2011-12-02.
- ^ The WrestleCrap Book of Lists! By R. D. Reynolds, Blade Braxton, page 310
- ^ "Tag Team - the lost pilot episode starring Roddy Piper and Jesse Ventura!". I-Mockery.com. http://www.i-mockery.com/minimocks/tag-team/. Retrieved 2011-12-02.
- ^ "MPR: Ventura – the year in review". News.minnesota.publicradio.org. http://news.minnesota.publicradio.org/features/200201/28_khoom_jessereview/. Retrieved 2008-10-20.
- ^ Sheppard, Noel. "Jesse Ventura: MSNBC Canceled My Show For Opposing Iraq War Read more: http://newsbusters.org/blogs/noel-sheppard/2009/11/29/jesse-ventura-msnbc-canceled-my-show-opposing-iraq-war#ixzz1lvRGDr3T". http://newsbusters.org. http://newsbusters.org/blogs/noel-sheppard/2009/11/29/jesse-ventura-msnbc-canceled-my-show-opposing-iraq-war. Retrieved 9 February 2012.
- ^ "MPR: Speechless no more, Ventura stumps for Kerry at colleges". News.minnesota.publicradio.org. http://news.minnesota.publicradio.org/features/2004/10/28_mccalluml_venturakerry/. Retrieved 2008-10-20.
- ^ Jesse Ventura (2009-05-15). [books.google.co.nz/books?id=p4Rd1yXBGWIC&pg=PA137 Don't Start the Revolution Without Me!]. p. 137. ISBN 1-60239-716-3. books.google.co.nz/books?id=p4Rd1yXBGWIC&pg=PA137.
- ^ "Army News, benefits, careers, entertainment, photos, promotions – Army Times HOME". Armytimes.com. http://www.armytimes.com/story.php?f=1-ARMYPAPER-323322.php. Retrieved 2008-10-20.
- ^ "BetUs Events". Web.archive.org. 2007-10-15. Archived from the original on 2007-10-15. http://web.archive.org/web/20071015075304/http://www.betus.com/site-siteJesseVideo.asp. Retrieved 2010-06-13.
- ^ Jesse Ventura: You Give Me a Water Board, Dick Cheney and One Hour, and I'll Have Him Confess to the Sharon Tate Murders, CrooksAndLiars.com
- ^ a b Jesse Ventura: You Give Me a Water Board, Dick Cheney and One Hour, and I'll Have Him Confess to the Sharon Tate Murders, CrooksAndLiars.com
- ^ heathr456. "Jesse Ventura: You Give Me a Water Board, Dick Cheney and One Hour". YouTube. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zoqmH49VBC0. Retrieved 2011-12-02.
- ^ "Jesse Ventura on Larry King 5-11-09, Part 1". YouTube. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ujv-x6wGoGA. Retrieved 2010-06-13. [dead link]
- ^ a b c Stein, Sam (May 18, 2009). "''Ventura And Hasselbeck Rumble Over Waterboarding On The View''". Huffingtonpost.com. http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2009/05/18/ventura-and-hasselbeck-de_n_204774.html. Retrieved 2010-06-13.
- ^ Linkins, Jason (May 20, 2009). "Jesse Ventura Lays Waste To Fox And Friends". Huffingtonpost.com. http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2009/05/20/jesse-ventura-lays-waste_n_205962.html. Retrieved 2010-06-13.
- ^ Jesse The Body Sounds Off[dead link], howardstern.com, May 21, 2008
- ^ a b Ventura says he regrets initial acceptance of 9/11 explanations, Associated Press, April 3, 2008
- ^ Watson, Paul Joseph. Former Governor Jesse Ventura: WTC Collapse A Controlled Demolition, www.prisonplanet.com. Retrieved April 3, 2008.
- ^ Ventura Regrets Not Being More Skeptical Over 9/11[dead link]. Retrieved on April 8, 2008.
- ^ Buoen, Roger (April 3, 2008). "Ventura wrestles with what really happened on 9/11". Minnesota Post. http://www.minnpost.com/politicalagenda/2008/04/03/1390/ventura_wrestles_with_what_really_happened_on_911. Retrieved May 23, 2009.
- ^ Linkins, Jason (May 19, 2009). "Jesse Ventura, Hannity Go Head-To-Head". Huffingtonpost.com. http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2009/05/19/jesse-ventura-gets-in-the_n_205146.html. Retrieved 2010-06-13.
- ^ "Jesse Ventura Working On Conspiracy Theory Series For truTV". Huffingtonpost.com. September 30, 2008. http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2008/09/30/jesse-ventura-working-on_n_130477.html. Retrieved 2010-06-13.
- ^ "TruTv:Conspiracy Theory with Jesse Ventura", www.turner.com. Retrieved on November 4, 2009.
- ^ "Conspiracy Theory with Jesse Ventura Delivers 1.6 Million Viewers, truTV's Biggest Audience Ever for a New Series Launch". TVbytheNumbers.com. 2009-12-03. http://tvbythenumbers.zap2it.com/2009/12/03/conspiracy-theory-with-jesse-ventura-delivers-1-6-million-viewers-trutv%E2%80%99s-biggest-audience-ever-for-a-new-series-launch/35201/. Retrieved 2011-04-01.
- ^ Conspiracy Theory with Jesse Ventura Second Season episode list, TruTv.com
- ^ "truTV's Hit Series "Conspiracy Theory with Jesse Ventura" Hits the Road for Third Season of Truth-Seeking and Myth-Debunking Read more: Breaking News - truTV's Hit Series "Conspiracy Theory with Jesse Ventura" Hits the Road for Third Season of Truth-Seeking and Myth-Debunking". The Futon Critic. http://www.thefutoncritic.com/news/2011/09/19/trutvs-hit-series-conspiracy-theory-with-jesse-ventura-hits-the-road-for-third-season-of-truth-seeking-and-myth-debunking-980404/20110919trutv01/. Retrieved 27 September 2011.
- ^ Freed, Joshua."Ventura:No Plans to Run Again, but...", Associated Press. Retrieved April 1, 2008.
- ^ Jesse's back! New Ventura book 'Revolution' will cover political waterfront, MinnPost.com
- ^ Harper, Jennifer. "Inside the Beltway: Bipartisan gangland". http://www.washingtontimes.com. http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2012/may/14/inside-the-beltway-bipartisan-gangland/. Retrieved 24 May 2012.
- ^ Hunter, Marnie (September 27, 2000). "Jesse Ventura slams TSA with lawsuit". CNN. http://articles.cnn.com/2011-01-25/travel/jesse.ventura.tsa.lawsuit_1_pat-downs-and-full-body-tsa-lawsuit?_s=PM:TRAVEL. Retrieved 17 September 2011.
- ^ "'I've had enough of the Fascist States of America': Former Governor's fury at TSA as he says he's leaving for Mexico... but may still run for President". http://www.dailymail.co.uk. http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2057955/Jesse-Ventura-says-hes-fed-airport-security-hes-getting-Mexican-citizenship.html. Retrieved 21 February 2012.
- ^ "Former Minn. Gov. Ventura, miffed by court setback, says he’ll seek Mexican citizenship". http://www.washingtonpost.com. http://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/travel/former-minn-gov-ventura-miffed-by-court-setback-says-hell-seek-mexican-citizenship/2011/11/04/gIQATmvwmM_story.html. Retrieved 6 November 2011. [dead link]
- ^ "Jesse Ventura on Principles & Values". Ontheissues.org. http://www.ontheissues.org/Celeb/Jesse_Ventura_Principles_+_Values.htm. Retrieved 2008-10-20.
- ^ "Jesse "The Great Pretender" Ventura". San Diego Reader. http://www.sandiegoreader.com/news/1999/dec/02/jesse-great-pretender-ventura/. Retrieved 2010-06-13.
- ^ a b "Ventura brushes off criticism of SEAL training". http://news.google.com/newspapers?id=EYkxAAAAIBAJ&sjid=nKMFAAAAIBAJ&pg=4203,170203. Retrieved 2011-12-02.
- ^ Huff, Richard. "Jesse Ventura walks off 'Opie & Anthony' show after verbal mud fest with Jim Norton". December 3, 2009 (New York: NY Daily News). http://www.nydailynews.com/entertainment/tv/2009/12/03/2009-12-03_jesse_ventura_walks_off.html. Retrieved 16 September 2011.
- ^ Gerweck, Steve. "Jesse Ventura pulled over for tailgating". http://www.gerweck.net. http://www.gerweck.net/2011/12/20/jesse-ventura-pulled-over-for-tailgating/. Retrieved 25 February 2012.
- ^ "Ventura Says Story About Being Pulled Over in California is Not True". http://kstp.com. http://kstp.com/article/stories/s2430476.shtml. Retrieved 25 February 2012.
- ^ Giri, Raj. "Correction On Jesse Ventura Tailgating Story". http://www.wrestlinginc.com. http://www.wrestlinginc.com/wi/news/2011/1221/547844/jesse-ventura/. Retrieved 25 February 2012.
- ^ Webb, Chad. "Jesse Ventura Has Lawyers Threatening Lawsuit Against TMZ Over Recent News Article". http://www.411mania.com. http://www.411mania.com/wrestling/news/215908. Retrieved 25 February 2012.
- ^ Buiso, Gary (January 3, 2012). "Meet the big shot SEAL is America’s deadliest sniper". http://www.nypost.com. http://www.nypost.com/p/news/national/meet_the_big_shot_BxlVpxzQijkC9mwZcmwkrN?utm_source=SFnewyorkpost&utm_medium=SFnewyorkpost. Retrieved 13 January 2012.
- ^ Vezner, Tad. "Ventura sues over author's claim that he "laid him out"". http://www.twincities.com. http://www.twincities.com/localnews/ci_20039344. Retrieved 24 May 2012.
- ^ Zennie, Michael (January 6, 2012). "America's deadliest sniper killed 255 Iraqi 'savages' to protect his friends... but he punched out Jesse Ventura because he 'bad-mouthed the troops'". London: http://www.dailymail.co.uk. http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2083235/Americas-deadliest-sniper-killed-255-Iraqi-savages-protect-friends--punched-Jesse-Ventura-bad-mouthed-troops.html. Retrieved 13 January 2012.
- ^ Watson, Paul Joseph. "Ventura: Navy SEAL ‘Punch’ Hoax May be Retribution For Supporting Ron Paul". www.infowars.com. http://www.infowars.com/ventura-navy-seal-punch-hoax-may-be-retribution-for-supporting-ron-paul/. Retrieved 25 February 2012.
- ^ Mike, Opelka. "RADIO HOST CONFRONTS SEAL SNIPER OVER VENTURA BAR BRAWL STORY…AND REVEALS ‘PSY-OPS’ THEORY". http://www.theblaze.com. http://www.theblaze.com/stories/radio-host-confronts-seal-sniper-over-ventura-bar-brawl-story-and-reveals-psy-ops-theory/. Retrieved 13 January 2012.
- ^ Browning, Dan. "Jesse Ventura aims to get even with Navy SEAL in court Jesse Ventura aims to get even with Navy SEAL in court". http://www.startribune.com. http://www.startribune.com/local/140362163.html. Retrieved 27 February 2012.
- ^ Opelka, Mike. "Navy SEAL Smackdown? Jesse Ventura Denies Sniper's Story". http://www.theblaze.com/stories/navy-seal-smackdown-jesse-ventura-denies-snipers-story/. Retrieved 25 February 2012.
- ^ a b "Last CallFor Gov. Jesse Ventura—and His Fun-Loving Son Tyrel—the Party Is Over". People. Vol. 58 No. 2 July 8, 2002
- ^ Justin, Neal. "Jesse Ventura hires a familiar face". Star Tribune. September 19, 2011
- ^ "Meet the Team". Conspiracy Theory with Jesse Ventura. TruTV. Retrieved December 21, 2011.
- ^ "Jesse Ventura Calls for Revolution of Political Parties". Transcript of Larry King Live. April 1, 2008. CNN. Retrieved December 21, 2011.
- ^ "This Week In FDA History". Fda.gov. http://www.fda.gov/AboutFDA/WhatWeDo/History/ThisWeek/ucm117728.htm. Retrieved 2009-07-06.
- ^ "Ventura hospitalized with blood clot in lung". CNN. July 9, 2002. http://archives.cnn.com/2002/ALLPOLITICS/07/09/ventura/index.html. Retrieved 2008-10-20.
- ^ "The Religious Affiliation of Jesse Ventura Professional Wrestler and Governor of Minnesota". http://www.adherents.com/people/pv/Jesse_Ventura.html. Retrieved 22 March 2012.
- ^ "Religion News". Pewforum.org. http://pewforum.org/news/display.php?ewsID=1402. Retrieved 2008-10-20. [dead link]
- ^ Jo Napolitano (Nyt) (Published: August 2, 2002). "National Briefing | Midwest: Minnesota: Christians One Up On Ventura – New York Times". Query.nytimes.com. http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9907E7DF1F3BF931A3575BC0A9649C8B63. Retrieved 2008-10-20.
References[link]
- deFiebre, Conrad. "Record-high job approval for Ventura; Many Minnesotans like his style, don't mind moonlighting." Star Tribune 22 July 1999: 1A+.
- deFiebre, Conrad. "Using body language, Ventura backs Kerry." Star Tribune 23 October 2004: 1A+.
- Kahn, Joseph P. "The Body Politic." The Boston Globe 25 February 2004. Accessed April 28, 2004.
- Olson, Rochelle and Bob von Sternberg. "GOP demands equal time; Wellstone aide apologizes; Ventura upset." Minneapolis Star-Tribune 31 October 2002: 1A+.
External links[link]
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Biography portal |
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Minnesota portal |
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Professional wrestling portal |
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United States Navy portal |
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Politics portal |
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Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to: Jesse Ventura |
- WWE Hall of Fame Profile
- Jesse Ventura at the Internet Movie Database
- Jesse Ventura's America at the Internet Movie Database
- Ventura "on the issues"
- Analysis of Jesse Ventura's Playboy interview by Aubrey Immelman
- Jesse Ventura – Media Man Australia profile
- Election Of Bonapartist Figure Ventura In Minnesota Is Danger To Working People – article in The Militant 1998.
- Radiotapes.com Recordings of Jesse Ventura for Governor commercials from 1998 (scroll down to Misc Recordings).
- Larry King Live: Jesse Ventura[dead link] CNN April 1, 2008
- "Jesse's back! New Ventura book 'Revolution' will cover political waterfront" from Minnpost.com
- The Jesse Ventura Forums[dead link]
- Jesse Ventura on Wrestling-Radio.com
- Jesse Ventura interview, Diaday.com[dead link]
- Jesse Ventura on The Young Turks Show.
- Jesse Ventura's Official Facebook Account
| Political offices | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by Arne Carlson |
Governor of Minnesota 1999–2003 |
Succeeded by Tim Pawlenty |
| Party political offices | ||
| Preceded by First nominee |
Reform Party nominee for Governor of Minnesota 1998 |
Succeeded by Tim Penny (Independence Party) |
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This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
