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- Olivia Bonilla
- Olivia Olson
- Olivier Messiaen
- Pablo Escobar
- Paige Hurd
- Paolo Borsellino
- Pare Lorentz
- Paul Hackman
- Paul Henreid
- Paul Jabara
- Paul Simon
- Paulina Gaitán
- Peter Allen
- Petra Kelly
- Philip Habib
- Pierre Billotte
- Pope John Paul II
- Rachael Flatt
- Randy Weaver
- Raven Goodwin
- Ray Danton
- Red Barber
- Rhyon Nicole Brown
- Richard Brooks
- Richard Sandrak
- Rigoberta Menchú
- Robert Beatty
- Robert Morley
- Robert Mugabe
- Robert Muldoon
- Robert Reed
- Roberta Bondar
- Rodney King
- Roger Miller
- Rosemary Sutcliff
- Roy Acuff
- Sally Hayfron
- Sam Kinison
- Sam Walton
- Samara Weaving
- Sammy Price
- Samuel Reshevsky
- Sandy Dennis
- Satyajit Ray
- Savannah Outen
- Sean Abbott
- Seichō Matsumoto
- Selena Gomez
- Serbs
- Sergi Gómez
- Shawn Johnson
- Shelby Young
- Shirley Booth
- Sky Ferreira
- Sofia Vassilieva
- Sosie Bacon
- Spencer Breslin
- Spencer Daniels
- Stella Adler
- Sterling Holloway
- Suada Dilberović
- Suchinda Kraprayoon
- Suzanne Lilar
- Tanka Prasad Acharya
- Taylor Lautner
- Ted Croker
- Teddy Turner
- Tequan Richmond
- Tevfik Esenç
- Thelma Fardin
- Thomas Law
- Tiffany Evans
- Toni Garrn
- Tony Accardo
- Tulio Demicheli
- Tyler Clementi
- Tyler James Williams
- Tyler Seguin
- Valentina Barron
- Vanessa Marano
- Vanessa Morgan
- Vincent Gardenia
- Vincent Martella
- Vintilă Horia
- Virginia Field
- Vivienne Segal
- Václav Havel
- William Schuman
- Willie Dixon
- Willy Brandt
- Yitzhak Rabin
- Yoshihiro Hattori
- Yutaka Ozaki
- Yves Rocard
- Lyrics: play full screen play karaoke
- 1992 - Blur
- 1992 - Spoken
- 1992 - Daniel Cirera
Going into business
An agreement of your bombast
You'd love my bed
You took the other instead
But don't you feel low
I was being oblique
And you'd love my bed
You got the other instead
What do you owe me?
The price of your piece of mind
You'd love my bed
I've waited my whole life for this
To stand here face to face with you
All my failures, fears, and doubts have all been taken away
Remember when I waited up through the night just to hear you
To hear you call my name
The second of your voice took all of my heartache away
Taken away
I think of all the time I missed
Never knowing about you
But then your grace could take away my regrets, my insecurities
Remember when I waited up through the night just to hear you
To hear you say my name
The sound of your voice took all of my heartache away
Taken away
I gave you my heart, I gave everything to you
And in return you gave me everything that I could never deserve
You gave me freedom
I think of all the times I missed
Never knowing about you, about you
I gave everything to you, I gave everything to you
I gave you my heart, I gave everything to you...
Vers I
Back in 1992...Bababadabababadabababada...
It was two years after New kids hit the charts
Six years after Madonna stole my heart
It was TLC on the radio and ...
"Stop-Hammer time"
Chilli peppers sure could rock
And Kidies made the covers with the help of a sock
I turned down sports for Faith No More
While Slash fed his snakes with blonds from the tour
Bababadabababadabababada...
Vers II
Jeremy spoke in the class today
When the smell of our youth got portrayed
By the man with the voice and pain inside
Ah, fuck that shit, rest his soul-Nevermind
In my shoes there were room to grow
So I got real high after a pumpkins show
Sure as hell I miss my past
And when I think of it now I smile relaxed
(Chorus)
We listened to "Would?" and made out in the car
I took the shit when you dad found out
You were my first and you gave me your heart
Alle I gave you mine...It was 1992
Bababadabababadabababada...
Vers III
And I learned all the songs on cheap guitar
And sat in my room and I looked at the stars
Wondering if wedder had lost it for real
And if Miss Sharon Stone wore panties in the scene
It all made sense with Body Count
The first one to speak were the words came out
And I sang along to "It's a shame about Ray"
When I found you-I got laid... I got laid
(Chorus) - Back in 1992
Bababadabababadabababada...
Back in 1992... (2x)
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90s hits 1991 1992 and 1993
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 215:08
- Updated: 29 Apr 2013
top 40 hits playlist 1991 1992 and 1993 00:00 2 brothers on the fort floor - never alone 04:12 ace of base - happy nation 07:34 2 unlimeted - the workaholic ...
http://wn.com/90s_hits_1991_1992_and_1993
top 40 hits playlist 1991 1992 and 1993 00:00 2 brothers on the fort floor - never alone 04:12 ace of base - happy nation 07:34 2 unlimeted - the workaholic ...
L.A. Riots - 1992
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 71:14
- Updated: 29 Apr 2013
If you wish to understand the present, study the past ...
http://wn.com/LA_Riots_1992
If you wish to understand the present, study the past ...
- published: 13 Nov 2011
- views: 425083
- author: ZeroEightyFour
Los Angeles Riots, 1992 (1)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 6:10
- Updated: 28 Apr 2013
1992, the year of the South Central riots (complex civil disturbances) The riots left more than 50 dead, over 4000 were injured and cost $1 billion in prope...
http://wn.com/Los_Angeles_Riots,_1992_1
1992, the year of the South Central riots (complex civil disturbances) The riots left more than 50 dead, over 4000 were injured and cost $1 billion in prope...
- published: 23 Oct 2011
- views: 386906
- author: inglewood63
(HD)1992年の東京の日常風景 1/2
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:27
- Updated: 26 Apr 2013
当時としては珍しいハイビジョン映像だと思われます。
http://wn.com/HD1992年の東京の日常風景 1_2
Michael Jordan's Top 10 Plays: 1992 Finals
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:12
- Updated: 29 Apr 2013
Watch the Top 10 plays from Michael Jordan`s 1992 Finals MVP campaign. Visit http://www.nba.com/video for more highlights.
http://wn.com/Michael_Jordan's_Top_10_Plays_1992_Finals
Watch the Top 10 plays from Michael Jordan`s 1992 Finals MVP campaign. Visit http://www.nba.com/video for more highlights.
- published: 17 Feb 2013
- views: 99278
- author: NBA
Billy Crystal Oscars Opening -- 1992 Academy Awards
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 9:04
- Updated: 25 Apr 2013
Billy Crystal's Oscars opening monologue at the 64th Academy Awards® in 1992.
http://wn.com/Billy_Crystal_Oscars_Opening_-_1992_Academy_Awards
Billy Crystal's Oscars opening monologue at the 64th Academy Awards® in 1992.
- published: 29 Nov 2011
- views: 111857
- author: Oscars
Snow - Informer 1992 HQ
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:59
- Updated: 27 Apr 2013
snow.
http://wn.com/Snow_Informer_1992_HQ
Clinton vs. Bush in 1992 Debate
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:07
- Updated: 29 Apr 2013
Bill Clinton and George H.W. Bush answer a question on the recession during the second presidential debate of 1992.
http://wn.com/Clinton_vs_Bush_in_1992_Debate
Bill Clinton and George H.W. Bush answer a question on the recession during the second presidential debate of 1992.
- published: 20 Mar 2007
- views: 1107617
- author: smotus
Guitar Legends 1992 - Full Concert
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 89:56
- Updated: 29 Apr 2013
Cozy Powell [The Legend] 4ever! http://www.cozypowell4ever.blogspot.com Upload and Rip by SNV/CP4ever Brian May, Joe Satriani , Steve Vai, Joe Walsh, Nuno Be...
http://wn.com/Guitar_Legends_1992_Full_Concert
Cozy Powell [The Legend] 4ever! http://www.cozypowell4ever.blogspot.com Upload and Rip by SNV/CP4ever Brian May, Joe Satriani , Steve Vai, Joe Walsh, Nuno Be...
- published: 02 Nov 2011
- views: 2447745
- author: BornAgain1970
Nirvana - Lithium (Live at Reading 1992)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:28
- Updated: 28 Apr 2013
Music video by Nirvana performing Lithium. (C) 2009 Geffen Records.
http://wn.com/Nirvana_Lithium_Live_at_Reading_1992
Music video by Nirvana performing Lithium. (C) 2009 Geffen Records.
- published: 25 Dec 2009
- views: 1632516
- author: NirvanaVEVO
Guns N' Roses: Tokyo 1992 FULL CONCERT (HD)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 142:33
- Updated: 29 Apr 2013
THE FULL SHOW FROM JAPAN IN ...
http://wn.com/Guns_N'_Roses_Tokyo_1992_FULL_CONCERT_HD
Duke vs. Kentucky 1992 FULL GAME (Laettner Shot - Greatest Game Ever)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 151:35
- Updated: 28 Apr 2013
All rights belong to CBS. No copyright infringement intended, this game has been uploaded strictly for entertainment purposes. If the copyright holder wishes...
http://wn.com/Duke_vs_Kentucky_1992_FULL_GAME_Laettner_Shot_Greatest_Game_Ever
All rights belong to CBS. No copyright infringement intended, this game has been uploaded strictly for entertainment purposes. If the copyright holder wishes...
- published: 31 Jan 2013
- views: 76207
- author: TheLouisvilleShow
Jade - Don't Walk Away (1992)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:28
- Updated: 29 Apr 2013
Jade Don't Walk Away (from the album Jade To The Max)
http://wn.com/Jade_Don't_Walk_Away_1992
Jade Don't Walk Away (from the album Jade To The Max)
- published: 01 Jan 1970
- views: 4254942
- author: lneka
Pearl Jam - Black (Unplugged 1992)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:29
- Updated: 29 Apr 2013
Eddie Vedder's genius voice, plus the lyrics, plus the theme of the song and Pearl Jam is in all of its glory. One of their greatest songs.
http://wn.com/Pearl_Jam_Black_Unplugged_1992
Eddie Vedder's genius voice, plus the lyrics, plus the theme of the song and Pearl Jam is in all of its glory. One of their greatest songs.
- published: 10 Mar 2012
- views: 1113769
- author: Vedran Pavlović
Severn Suzuki speaking at UN Earth Summit 1992
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 7:52
- Updated: 29 Apr 2013
Raised in Vancouver and Toronto, Severn Cullis-Suzuki has been camping and hiking all her life. When she was 9 she started the Environmental Children's Organ...
http://wn.com/Severn_Suzuki_speaking_at_UN_Earth_Summit_1992
Raised in Vancouver and Toronto, Severn Cullis-Suzuki has been camping and hiking all her life. When she was 9 she started the Environmental Children's Organ...
- published: 29 May 2007
- views: 789545
- author: speedyboh
1992 Dream Team would smash the 2012 USA Olympic Men's Basketball Team
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 14:15
- Updated: 25 Apr 2013
Kobe thinks the 2012 Olympic Team would defeat the 1992 Dream Team? The 1992 Dream Team was too big, too strong, too fast, and TOO GOOD. Here's the link I pr...
http://wn.com/1992_Dream_Team_would_smash_the_2012_USA_Olympic_Men's_Basketball_Team
Kobe thinks the 2012 Olympic Team would defeat the 1992 Dream Team? The 1992 Dream Team was too big, too strong, too fast, and TOO GOOD. Here's the link I pr...
- published: 12 Jul 2012
- views: 158695
- author: BruceBlitzed
Billy Crystal's Hannibal Lecter skit
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:43
- Updated: 27 Apr 2013
Host Billy Crystal's opening Hannibal Lecter skit at the 64th Academy Awards® in 1992.
http://wn.com/Billy_Crystal's_Hannibal_Lecter_skit
Host Billy Crystal's opening Hannibal Lecter skit at the 64th Academy Awards® in 1992.
- published: 24 Nov 2010
- views: 715291
- author: Oscars
1992 FINAL FOUR: Duke Blue Devils vs. Indiana Hoosiers
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 99:28
- Updated: 18 Apr 2013
Bobby Hurley and the Duke Blue Devils defeat Damon Bailey and the Indiana Hoosiers in the 1992 Final Four. Duke jumped out to a big lead for most of the game...
http://wn.com/1992_FINAL_FOUR_Duke_Blue_Devils_vs_Indiana_Hoosiers
Bobby Hurley and the Duke Blue Devils defeat Damon Bailey and the Indiana Hoosiers in the 1992 Final Four. Duke jumped out to a big lead for most of the game...
- published: 17 Oct 2012
- views: 7331
- author: carlmilton
Nirvana - Aneurysm (Live at Reading 1992)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:27
- Updated: 29 Apr 2013
Music video by Nirvana performing Aneurysm. (C) 2009 Geffen Records.
http://wn.com/Nirvana_Aneurysm_Live_at_Reading_1992
Music video by Nirvana performing Aneurysm. (C) 2009 Geffen Records.
- published: 13 Jan 2010
- views: 3549402
- author: NirvanaVEVO
Michael Jackson - Man In The Mirror Live In Bucharest 1992 - The Dangerous Tour
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 13:58
- Updated: 29 Apr 2013
Michael Jackson performing Man In The Mirror live in Bucharest in 1992. Live in Bucharest: The Dangerous Tour is a live concert DVD by American recording art...
http://wn.com/Michael_Jackson_Man_In_The_Mirror_Live_In_Bucharest_1992_The_Dangerous_Tour
Michael Jackson performing Man In The Mirror live in Bucharest in 1992. Live in Bucharest: The Dangerous Tour is a live concert DVD by American recording art...
- published: 02 Mar 2013
- views: 75410
- author: AbortionPapers
Republican National Convention: President Reagan's Address at the 1992 RNC - 8/17/92
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 36:40
- Updated: 29 Apr 2013
President Reagan's Address at the 1992 Republican National Convention on August 17, 1992. For more information on the ongoing works of President Reagan's Fou...
http://wn.com/Republican_National_Convention_President_Reagan's_Address_at_the_1992_RNC_8_17_92
President Reagan's Address at the 1992 Republican National Convention on August 17, 1992. For more information on the ongoing works of President Reagan's Fou...
- published: 22 Jan 2010
- views: 62359
- author: ReaganFoundation
Dream Team 1992 Highlights from the Olympic Games Barcelona
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:59
- Updated: 27 Apr 2013
Charles Barkley, Larry Bird, Clyde Drexler Patrick Ewing, Magic Johnson ,Michael Jordan, Christian Laettner, Karl Malone, Chris Mullin, Scottie Pippen, David...
http://wn.com/Dream_Team_1992_Highlights_from_the_Olympic_Games_Barcelona
Charles Barkley, Larry Bird, Clyde Drexler Patrick Ewing, Magic Johnson ,Michael Jordan, Christian Laettner, Karl Malone, Chris Mullin, Scottie Pippen, David...
- published: 10 May 2006
- views: 1261059
- author: SirCream
America's Game 1992 Cowboys
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 44:08
- Updated: 27 Apr 2013
http://wn.com/America's_Game_1992_Cowboys
photo: US Army / Publication or comercial use of this material is released by US Army Public Affairs Officer at Ft. Campbell.
29 Apr 2013
April 29 (Reuters) - Tens of millions of U.S. dollars in cash were delivered by the CIA in suitcases, backpacks and plastic shopping bags to the office of Afghanistan President Hamid Karzai for more than a decade, the New York Times says, citing current and former advisers to the Afghan leader ... officials as saying. "The biggest source of corruption in Afghanistan", one American official said, "was the United States." ... U.S ... U.S ... Marine Gen....(size: 10.2Kb)
photo: AP / Manuel Balce Ceneta
29 Apr 2013
Article by WN.com Correspondent Dallas Darling. Indefinite detentions are worse than death, for at least in death there is some type of finality and a sense of closure. For many of the "Indefinite" Detainees at Guantanamo Prison Camp, then, their experience is a living death, a living hell ... "When I looked at the men of my platoon," wrote Shozo, "I was stunned-they had evil eyes ... Dallas Darling (darling@wn.com) ... 203 ... New Press, 1992., p....(size: 6.6Kb)
photo: AP / Itsuo Inouye
28 Apr 2013
Japan marked for the first time Sunday the end of the allied occupation of the country following its defeat in World War II. "We have a responsibility to make Japan a strong and resolute country that others across the world can rely on," Prime Minister Shinzo Abe said at a ceremony in Tokyo that was attended by dignitaries, including Emperor Akihito and Empress Michiko ... Reuters reports. ... troops ... Shinzo Abe China Japan South Korea. ....(size: 2.3Kb)
photo: AP / SANA
29 Apr 2013
Syrian Prime Minister Wael al-Halqi has survived a bomb attack that targeted his convoy in central Damascus, Syrian state media report. "The terrorist explosion in al-Mezzeh was an attempt to target the convoy of the prime minister. Doctor Wael al-Halqi is well and not hurt at all," state television said on Monday ... A total of six people were reportedly killed in the blast ... 207 Source.. Al Jazeera And Agencies ... ....(size: 5.9Kb)
The Independent
30 Apr 2013
Ali Kafi, who died on 16 April at the age of 84, led Algeria for two years after the 1992 military coup that aimed to stop Islamists from winning a national election. Kafi led the High Committee of State from 1992-94 during the opening years of Algeria's bloody civil war with Islamic extremists ... High Committee of State in January 1992....(size: 1.7Kb)
The Times of India
30 Apr 2013
JALANDHAR ... "Many people, who could have come under the wealth tax bracket as per to the I-T department's guidelines, were let off ... "Levying of this tax not only defies logic but also is in total contrast to the statement made by you in 1992 as finance minster," they argued while giving relevant excerpts of Manmohan Singh's speech in Parliament in 1992 ... ....(size: 2.0Kb)
The Dallas Morning News
30 Apr 2013
E-mail ... He also had his own program, "Critic at Large," on WRR-FM from 1984 to 1992 and did critiques and interviews about all the arts, from dance and visual arts to movies. (He covered the Dallas gallery scene and the local classical scene more thoroughly than anybody else in those years, and was a founding member of the Dallas Fort Worth Theater Critics Forum.) He came to the Morning News in 1992 and became theater critic in 1996....(size: 5.6Kb)
Fox News
30 Apr 2013
(AP Photo/Carlos Osorio, File)The Associated Press ... Major League Baseball said Monday that there is no timetable yet for his return ... He worked his first major league game in 1992 and has been on the big league staff since 1999 ... Share This Article. ....(size: 1.3Kb)
The Washington Post
30 Apr 2013
Major League Baseball said Monday that there is no timetable yet for his return ... He worked his first major league game in 1992 and has been on the big league staff since 1999 ... ....(size: 0.9Kb)
The Telegraph India
30 Apr 2013
World Briefs. Syria PM attack. Beirut, April 29 (Reuters) ... Pak bombing. Peshawar (Reuters) ... Prague blast ... Police in north Wales say a new investigation into a paedophile ring at children’s care homes that allegedly operated between 1963 and 1992 has identified scores of victims ... " ....(size: 1.4Kb)
LA Daily News
30 Apr 2013
By Dakota Smith, Staff Writerdailynews.com. Posted. 04/29/2013 04.50.22 PM PDT. April 30, 2013 12.8 AM GMTUpdated ... A former Agoura Hills investment banker, Francoeur was convicted in 1992 and sentenced to 7 years in prison for swindling investors in Los Angeles and Ventura counties over land deals, according to press reports....(size: 1.6Kb)
The New York Times
30 Apr 2013
Like it or not, fair or not, the N.B.A. is under the microscope now, or once again, this time as a test case in how a major sports league responds to an active player declaring he is gay. Related ... G ... When Magic Johnson decided to return to the league in 1992 after contracting H.I.V ... But the public face was partly superficial, masking fears and underlying tensions that were bared by Karl Malone in a 1992 interview with The New York Times ... ....(size: 8.3Kb)
noodls
30 Apr 2013
(Source. ScanSource Inc). Contact. Mary Gentry, ScanSource, Inc. . Treasurer and Director, Investor Relations. 864.286.4892. mary.gentry@scansource.com. GREENVILLE, SC - April 29, 2013 -. ScanSource, Inc., (NASDAQ ... Delivering New Value" discussion at the Global Technology Distribution Council Investor Conference as follows. ... Eastern Time ... website, www.scansourceinc.com ... Founded in 1992, the company ranks #760 on the Fortune 1000....(size: 2.3Kb)
noodls
30 Apr 2013
(Source. Chicago Blackhawks). The Chicago Blackhawks will launch the 2013 Stanley Cup Playoffs, the team's fifth consecutive appearance in the postseason, when they face the Minnesota Wild in the best-of-seven Western Conference Quarterfinals (Series E) beginning with Game 1 at the United Center on Tuesday, April 30 at 7.00 p.m ... For the first time since 1992-97, Chicago has reached the Stanley Cup Playoffs for five consecutive seasons....(size: 2.3Kb)
Sun Sentinel
30 Apr 2013
South Florida nonprofit JAFCO is building a $12 million center in Sunrise to start offering services for children with autism and other developmental disabilities. The center is slated to open in October and serve more than 500 families annually ... JAFCO, short for Jewish Adoption & Foster Care Options, started in 1992 to help abandoned and abused youth from all backgrounds ... Nan Rich and Ellen Bogdanoff ... Cantor Senior Center ... ....(size: 2.9Kb)
New Straits/Business Times
30 Apr 2013
OUTSTANDING. A. Kasim Abas paints life-like pictures with passion and finesse. GEORGE TOWN. ONE of the nation's highly sought-after artist, A. Kasim Abas, 64, has a passion for culture and heritage ... After he retired from the teaching profession in 1992, he set off for the United States, Europe Southeast Asia and the Middle East and also the length and breadth of Malaysia, collecting loads of images on his travels ... Pix by Paul Toh ... A ... ....(size: 3.1Kb)
The Guardian
30 Apr 2013
Labour leader invites questions from non-Labour voters as part of 'politics in the raw' initiative before local elections. Ed Miliband practising 'politics in the raw' in Worcester earlier this month ... The Labour leader has taken a leaf out of the campaign book of John Major, who famously won the 1992 election after taking to a soap box with a megaphone, and invites questions from random shoppers standing on nothing more than a pallet ... ....(size: 4.3Kb)
This article is about the year 1992. For the number (and other uses), see 1992 (number).
| Millennium: | 2nd millennium |
|---|---|
| Centuries: | 19th century – 20th century – 21st century |
| Decades: | 1960s 1970s 1980s – 1990s – 2000s 2010s 2020s |
| Years: | 1989 1990 1991 – 1992 – 1993 1994 1995 |
| 1992 by topic: |
| Subject |
| By country |
| Leaders |
| Birth and death categories |
| Establishments and disestablishments categories |
| Works and introductions categories |
| Gregorian calendar | 1992 MCMXCII |
| Ab urbe condita | 2745 |
| Armenian calendar | 1441 ԹՎ ՌՆԽԱ |
| Assyrian calendar | 6742 |
| Bahá'í calendar | 148–149 |
| Bengali calendar | 1399 |
| Berber calendar | 2942 |
| British Regnal year | 40 Eliz. 2 – 41 Eliz. 2 |
| Buddhist calendar | 2536 |
| Burmese calendar | 1354 |
| Byzantine calendar | 7500–7501 |
| Chinese calendar | 辛未年十一月廿七日 (4628/4688-11-27) — to —
壬申年十二月初八日(4629/4689-12-8) |
| Coptic calendar | 1708–1709 |
| Ethiopian calendar | 1984–1985 |
| Hebrew calendar | 5752–5753 |
| Hindu calendars | |
| - Vikram Samvat | 2048–2049 |
| - Shaka Samvat | 1914–1915 |
| - Kali Yuga | 5093–5094 |
| Holocene calendar | 11992 |
| Iranian calendar | 1370–1371 |
| Islamic calendar | 1412–1413 |
| Japanese calendar | Heisei 4 (平成4年) |
| Julian calendar | Gregorian minus 13 days |
| Korean calendar | 4325 |
| Minguo calendar | ROC 81 民國81年 |
| Thai solar calendar | 2535 |
| Unix time | 694224000–725846399 |
 |
Wikimedia Commons has media related to: 1992 |
1992 (MCMXCII) was a leap year that started on a Wednesday. In the Gregorian calendar, it was the 1992nd year of Anno Domini, or of the Common Era; the 992nd year of the 2nd millennium; the 92nd year of the 20th century; and the 3rd of the 1990s. The year 1992 was designated as the "International Space Year" by the United Nations.
Events[link]
January[link]
- January 1
- Boutros Boutros-Ghali of Egypt replaces Javier Pérez de Cuéllar of Peru as United Nations Secretary-General.
- George H. W. Bush becomes the first U.S. President to address the Australian Parliament.
- January 6 – The Nagorno-Karabakh Republic is proclaimed by the Armenians of Nagorno-Karabakh.
- January 8 – George H. W. Bush is televised falling violently ill at a state dinner in Japan, vomiting into the lap of Prime Minister Kiichi Miyazawa and fainting.
- January 9 – Bosnian Serbs declare their own republic within Bosnia and Herzegovina, in protest of the decision by Bosniaks and Bosnian Croats to seek EC recognition.
- January 11
- Singer Paul Simon is the first major artist to tour South Africa after the end of the cultural boycott.
- Shanda Sharer is tortured and burned to death in Madison, Indiana by four teenage girls.
- January 12 – The second round of Algeria's general elections is cancelled when the first round is favorable to the Islamic Salvation Front.
- January 13 – Japan apologizes for forcing Korean women into sexual slavery during World War II.
- January 15 – The Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia begins to break up. Slovenia and Croatia gain independence and international recognition in some Western countries.
- January 16 – El Salvador officials and rebel leaders sign a pact in Mexico City ending a 12-year civil war that claimed at least 75,000 lives.
- January 22
- January 26 – Boris Yeltsin announces that Russia will stop targeting cities of the United States and her allies with Nuclear Weapons. In return George H. W. Bush announces that the United States and her allies will stop targeting Russia and the remaining communist states with Nuclear Weapons.
February[link]
- February 7 – The Maastricht Treaty is signed, founding the European Union.
- February 8 – The opening ceremony for the 1992 Winter Olympics is held in Albertville, France.
- February 11 – An F-16 jet crashes into a residential district of Hengelo, the Netherlands; no casualties are reported.
- February 17 – A court in Milwaukee, Wisconsin sentences serial killer Jeffrey Dahmer to life in prison.
- February 18 – Iraq disarmament crisis: The Executive Chairman of UNSCOM details Iraq's refusal to abide by UN Security Council disarmament resolutions.
- February 21 – The United Nations Security Council approves Resolution 743 to send a UNPROFOR peacekeeping force to Yugoslavia.
- February 23 – The closing ceremony of the 1992 Winter Olympics is held in Albertville.
- February 25 – February 26 – 613 Azerbaijani civilians are massacred in Khojaly.
- February 26 – The Supreme Court of Ireland rules that a 14-year-old rape victim may travel to England to have an abortion.
March[link]
- March 1 – The first victims of the Bosnian War are a Serb groom's father and an Orthodox Priest in a Sarajevo shooting.[1] A majority of the Bosniak and Bosnian Croat communities vote for Bosnian independence.
- March 3 – Turkey's worst coal mine disaster leaves 263 dead near Zonguldak.
- March 9 – The People's Republic of China ratifies the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty.
- March 12 – Mauritius becomes a republic while remaining a member of the Commonwealth of Nations.
- March 13 – In eastern Turkey, an earthquake registering 6.8 on the Richter scale, kills over 500.
- March 18 – White South Africans vote in favour of political reforms which will end the apartheid regime and create a power-sharing multi-racial government.[2]
- March 31 – The Maintenance of Religious Harmony Act of Singapore comes into force.
April[link]
- April 5
- The Assembly of Bosnia and Herzegovina (without the presence of Serb political delegates) proclaims independence from the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia.
- Bosnian War: Serb troops, following a mass rebellion of Serbs in Bosnia and Herzegovina against the Bosnian declaration of independence from Yugoslavia, besiege the city of Sarajevo.
- April 9 – A Miami, Florida jury convicts former Panamanian ruler Manuel Noriega of assisting Colombia's cocaine cartel.
- April 10 – A Provisional Irish Republican Army bomb explodes in the Baltic Exchange in the City of London; 3 are killed, 91 injured.
- April 12 – The Euro Disney Resort officially opens with its theme park Euro Disneyland. The resort and its park's name were subsequently changed to Disneyland Paris.
- April 13 – Roermond, the Netherlands, is rocked by an earthquake along the Peel Fault.
- April 15 – The National Assembly of Vietnam adopts the 1992 Constitution of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam.
- April 20
- Seville, Spain's 6-month Universal Exhibition, called Seville Expo '92, opens.
- The Freddie Mercury Tribute Concert, held at Wembley Stadium, is televised live to over 1 billion people and raises millions of dollars for AIDS research.
- April 21 – The death of Grand Duke Vladimir Cyrillovich of Russia results in a succession dispute between Nicholas Romanov, Prince of Russia and Vladimir's daughter Maria for the leadership of the Imperial Family of Russia.
- April 22 – Fuel that leaked into a sewer explodes in Guadalajara, Mexico; 215 are killed, 1,500 injured.
- April 27 – Betty Boothroyd becomes the first woman elected Speaker of the British House of Commons.
- April 28 – The two remaining constituent republics of the former Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia – Serbia and Montenegro – form a new state, named the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (after 2003, Serbia and Montenegro), bringing to an end the official union of Serbs, Croats, Slovenes, Montenegrins, Bosnian Muslims and Macedonians that existed from 1918 (with the exception of the period during World War II).
- April 29 – Los Angeles riots: Acquittal of four police officers in the Rodney King beating criminal trial triggers massive rioting in Los Angeles. The riots will last for six days resulting in 53 deaths and over a $1 billion in damages before order is restored.
May[link]
- May 5 – Russian leaders in Crimea declare their separation from Ukraine as a new republic. They withdraw the secession on May 10.
- May 7 – Space Shuttle Endeavor makes its maiden flight, as a replacement for a lost Space Shuttle.(STS-49)
- May 9 – United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, adopted in New York on 9 May 1992.
- May 10 – Sweden wins the Ice Hockey World Championships in Prague.
- May 13 – Falun Gong is introduced by Li Hongzhi in China.
- May 15
- Commonwealth of Independent States Collective Security Treaty (CST) signed (effective 20 April 1994).
- The Genoa Expo '92 World's Fair opens in Genoa, Italy.
- May 16 – STS-49: Space Shuttle Endeavour lands safely after a successful maiden voyage.
- May 17 – Protests begin in Bangkok, Thailand, against the government of General Suchinda Kraprayoon, sparking a bloody crackdown.
- May 23 – A Mafia bomb kills Italian anti-Mafia judge Giovanni Falcone.
- May 25 – In Australia, Lindy Chamberlain receives compensation for wrongful conviction on murder charges.
- May 26 – Charles Geschke, President of Adobe Systems, is kidnapped from his company parking lot. The kidnappers demand $650,000 ransom; they are later apprehended.
June[link]
- June 1 – Venezuelan revolutionary Carlos (the Jackal) is sentenced to life imprisonment.
- June 2 – In a national referendum Denmark rejects the Maastricht Treaty by a thin margin.
- June 8 – The first World Ocean Day is celebrated, coinciding with the Earth Summit held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
- June 17 – A 'Joint Understanding' agreement on arms reduction is signed by U.S. President George H. W. Bush and Russian President Boris Yeltsin (this is later codified in START II).
- June 20 – In Estonia, the kroon replaces the Soviet ruble.
- June 22 – Two skeletons excavated in Yekaterinburg are identified as Tsar Nicholas II of Russia and Tsarina Alexandra.
- June 25 – Black Sea Economic Cooperation (BSEC) founded.
- June 26 – Denmark beats Germany 2–0 to win the 1992 UEFA European Football Championship at Ullevi Stadium in Gothenburg, Sweden.
- June 28
- Estonia holds a referendum on its constitution, that will come into effect on July 3.
- Junko Tabei scales Puncak Jaya to become the first woman to complete the Seven Summits.
- June 29 – A bodyguard assassinates President Mohamed Boudiaf of Algeria.
July[link]
- July 6 – July 29 – Iraq disarmament crisis: Iraq refuses a U.N. inspection team access to the Iraqi Ministry of Agriculture. UNSCOM claims that it has reliable information that the site contains archives related to illegal weapons activities. U.N. Inspectors stage a 17-day "sit-in" outside of the building, but leave when their safety is threatened by Iraqi soldiers.
- July 10
- In Miami, Florida, former Panamanian leader Manuel Noriega is sentenced to 40 years in prison for drug and racketeering violations.
- The Giotto spacecraft flies past Comet 26P/Grigg-Skjellerup, gathering measurements about the comet.
- July 13 – Yitzhak Rabin becomes prime minister of Israel.
- July 19 - A car bomb placed by mafia with collaboration of Italian intelligence kills judge Paolo Borsellino and five members of his escort
- July 20 – Václav Havel resigns as president of Czechoslovakia.
- July 22 – Near Medellín, Colombian drug lord Pablo Escobar escapes from his luxury prison, fearing extradition to the United States.
- July 23 – Abkhazia declares independence from Georgia.
- July 25 – August 9 – The 1992 Summer Olympics are held in Barcelona, Spain.
- July 31
- The ex-Soviet Republic of Georgia becomes the 179th member of the United Nations.
- A Thai Airways Flight 311 operated by Airbus A310-300 crashed into a mountain north of Kathmandu, Nepal killing all 113 peoples on board.
August[link]
- August 10 – The UK government bans the Ulster Defence Association, a loyalist paramilitary organisation that had been legal for 20 years.
- August 20 – Kristiansund's connection to the mainland of Norway, Krifast, opens.
- August 21 – August 22 – Events at Ruby Ridge, Idaho, are sparked by a Federal Marshal surveillance team, resulting in the death of a Marshal, Sam Weaver and his dog and the next day the wounding of Randy Weaver, the death of his wife Vicki and the wounding of Kevin Harris.
- August 23 – Hurricane Andrew attains Category 5 status on the Saffir–Simpson Hurricane Scale, and at 2100 UTC hits Eleuthera and the Bahama Banks
- August 24 – August 28 – Hurricane Andrew hits south Florida and dissipates over the Tennessee valley when it merges with a storm system; 23 are killed.
September[link]
- September 2 – An earthquake in Nicaragua kills at least 116 people
- September 11 – Hurricane Iniki hits the Hawaiian Islands, Kauai and Oahu.
- September 12 – STS-47: Dr. Mae Jemison becomes the first African American woman to travel into space, aboard the Space Shuttle Endeavour.
- September 16 – Black Wednesday: The pound sterling and the Italian lira are forced out of the European Exchange Rate Mechanism.
- September 17 – Two Kurdish opposition leaders are assassinated by the Iranian Kazem Darabi and the Lebanese Abbas Rhayel.
- September 23
- A large Provisional Irish Republican Army bomb destroys the forensic laboratories in Belfast.
- Operation Julin is the last nuclear test conducted by the United States at the Nevada Test Site.
October[link]
- October 2 – A riot breaks out in the Carandiru Penitentiary in São Paulo, Brazil, resulting in the Carandiru Massacre.
- October 3 – After performing a song protesting alleged child abuse by the Catholic Church, Sinéad O'Connor rips up a photo of Pope John Paul II on Saturday Night Live, causing huge controversy, leading the switchboards at NBC to ring off the hook.
- October 4 – The Bijlmerramp disaster: An Israeli plane crashes in Amsterdam, the Netherlands; 43 are killed, many more injured.
- October 6 – Lennart Meri becomes the first president of newly independent Estonia.
- October 9 – The Chief of Naval Operations adopts the US Navy's core values: Honor, Courage and Commitment.
- October 12 – In the Dominican Republic, Pope John Paul II celebrates the 500th anniversary of the meeting of 2 cultures.
- October 17 – Yoshihiro Hattori, a 16-year-old Japanese exchange student, mistakes the address of a party and is shot dead after knocking on the wrong door in Baton Rouge, Louisiana. The shooter, Rodney Peairs, is later acquitted, sparking outrage in Japan.
- October 25 – Lithuania holds a referendum on its first constitution after declaring independence from the Soviet Union in 1991.
- October 31 – Pope John Paul II issues an apology, and lifts the edict of the Inquisition against Galileo Galilei.
November[link]
- November 3 – United States presidential election, 1992: Bill Clinton is elected the 42nd President of the United States.
- November 11 – The Church of England votes to allow women to become priests.
- November 18 – Russian President Boris Yeltsin releases the flight data recorder (FDR) and cockpit voice recorder (CVR) of KAL 007, shot down by the Soviets in 1983.
- November 20 – In England, a fire breaks out in Windsor Castle, causing over £50 million worth of damage.
- November 24
- In the People's Republic of China, a China Southern Airlines domestic flight crashes, killing all 141 people on board.
- Elizabeth II describes this year as an annus horribilis (horrible year), due to various scandals damaging the image of the Royal Family, as well as the Windsor Castle fire.
- November 25 – The Czechoslovakia Federal Assembly votes to split the country into the Czech Republic and Slovakia, starting on January 1, 1993.
- November 30 – The trial of 14 South Vietnamese accused of murdering 24 North Vietnamese begins in Hong Kong (ends November 29, 1994).
December[link]
- December 3
- UN Security Council Resolution 794 is unanimously passed, approving a coalition of United Nations peacekeepers led by the United States to form UNITAF, tasked with ensuring humanitarian aid gets distributed and establishing peace in Somalia.
- The Greek oil tanker Aegean Sea, carrying 80,000 tonnes of crude oil, runs aground in a storm while on approach to La Coruña, Spain, and spills much of its cargo.
- December 4 – U.S. military forces land in Somalia.
- December 6 – Extremist Hindu activists demolish Babri Masjid – a 16th century mosque in Ayodhya, India, which had been used as a temple since 1949, leading to widespread communal violence, including the Mumbai Riots, in all killing over 1500 people.
- December 8 – The last blast is fired at the Falu Copper Mine in Falun, Sweden, after a millennium of continuous operation.
- December 9 – The Prince and Princess of Wales publicly announce their separation.
- December 12 – An earthquake hits Flores, Indonesia, leaving 2,500 dead.
- December 20 – The Folies Bergère music hall in Paris, France, closes.
- December 21 – A Dutch DC-10, flight Martinair MP 495, crashes at Faro Airport, killing 56 people.
- December 22 – Archives of Terror discovered by Dr. Martín Almada detailing the fates of thousands of Latin Americans who had been secretly kidnapped, tortured, and killed by the security services of Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Paraguay, and Uruguay. This was known as Operation Condor.
- December 29 – Brazil's president Fernando Collor de Mello is found guilty on charges that he stole more than $32 million from the government, preventing him from holding any elected office for 8 years.
Date unknown[link]
- First confirmed detection of extrasolar planets with the discovery of several terrestrial-mass planets orbiting the pulsar PSR B1257+12 by Aleksander Wolszczan and Dale Frail.
- Deng Xiaoping accelerates market reforms to establish a socialist market economy in the People's Republic of China.
- Queensland introduces Freedom Of Information Laws.
- The Council for National Academic Awards, UK is wound up.
- The Hospital Chaplains' Fellowship joins with the National Association of Whole Time Hospital Chaplains to form the College of Health Care Chaplains in the UK.
Births[link]
January–March[link]
- January 1 – Jack Wilshere, English footballer
- January 16 – Maja Keuc, Slovenian singer
- January 17 – Nate Hartley, American actor
- January 19
- Logan Lerman, American Actor
- Mac Miller, American rapper
- Martín Hernández, Mexican actor and model
- Shawn Johnson, American Olympic gymnast
- January 21 – Melissa Anne Smith, Canadian actress
- January 25 – Olivia Bonilla, American singer-songwriter and musician
- January 26 – Cassidy Lehrman, American actress
- January 27 – Sam Barry (tennis), Irish tennis player
- January 28 – Simone (singer), Danish singer
- January 30 – Matthew Werkmeister, Australian stage and television actor
- January 31 – Tyler Seguin, Canadian ice hockey player
- February 5 – Neymar da Silva, Brazilian soccer player
- February 7 – Maimi Yajima, Japanese singer
- February 8 – Karle Warren, American actress
- February 9
- Ana Yorkira Binet, Dominican volleyball player
- Avan Jogia, Canadian actor
- Valentina Barron, Australian actress
- February 11 – Taylor Lautner, American actor
- February 14 – Freddie Highmore, English actor
- February 17 – Meaghan Jette Martin, American actress
- February 18
- Logan Miller, American actor and musician
- Melinda Shankar, Canadian actress
- February 19 – Paulina Gaitán, Mexican actress
- February 23 – Samara Weaving, Australian actress
- February 25 – Max Aaron, American figure skater
- February 26
- Ai Shinozaki (gravure idol), Japanese gravure idol and singer
- Sean Abbott, Australian cricketer
- March 4 – Jazmin Grace Grimaldi, daughter of Albert II, Prince of Monaco
- March 6 – Momoko Tsugunaga, Japanese singer
- March 8 – Charlie Ray, American actress
- March 10 – Emily Osment, American actress and singer
- March 13 – Kaya Scodelario, English actress and model
- March 14 – Jasmine Murray, American singer
- March 15
- Mary Lou, American actress
- Sosie Bacon, American actress
- March 17 – Eliza Bennett, British actress
- March 22 – Jessie Andrews, American pornographic actress
- March 23
- Kyrie Irving, American-Australian Basketball player
- Vanessa Morgan, Canadian actress and singer
- March 26 – Haley Ramm, American actress
- March 28
- Liam Hess, British actor
- Sergi Gómez, Spanish footballer
- March 29 – Chris Massoglia, American actor
April–June[link]
- April 4
- Alexa Nikolas, American actress
- Lucy May Barker, British stage and screen actress
- April 5 – Emmalyn Estrada, Canadian singer
- April 6 – Monika Wejnert, Australian tennis player
- April 7 – Alexis Jordan, American singer and actress
- April 8 – Shelby Young, American actress
- April 12 – Giorgio Cantarini, Italian actor
- April 14 – Oliver Bohm, Swedish ice hockey player
- April 15
- Amy Diamond, Swedish pop singer
- Richard Sandrak, Ukrainian bodybuilder
- April 16 – Prince Sébastien of Luxembourg, Prince of Luxembourg
- April 24 – Doc Shaw, American actor and rapper
- April 27
- Allison Iraheta, American singer
- James Duke Mason, American actor
- April 28 – Boxxy, American internet celebrity
- April 29 – Tyler Clementi, American college student (d. 2010)
- May 4
- Ashley Rickards, American actress
- Courtney Jines, American actress
- May 6 – Byun Baek-hyun, South Korean singer
- May 7 – Alexander Ludwig, Canadian actor
- May 8 – Ana Mulvoy Ten, British actress
- May 10 – Charice Pempengco, Filipino singer
- May 12 – Malcolm David Kelley, American actor
- May 14 – A.J. Saudin, Canadian film and television actor
- May 18 – Spencer Breslin, American actor
- May 19 – Heather Watson, British tennis player
- May 21
- Hutch Dano, American actor
- Olivia Olson, American actress and singer
- May 22 – Chinami Tokunaga, Japanese singer
- May 29 – Gregg Sulkin, British actor
- June 3 – Mario Götze, German Footballer
- June 4 – Dino Jelusić, Croatian singer
- June 6 – HyunA, South Korean dance-pop idol, singer, dancer, rapper, designer, model.
- June 9 – Lucien Laviscount, British actor and recording artist
- June 10 – Kate Upton, American model and actress
- June 14 – Daryl Sabara, American actor
- June 21 – Carly Booth, Scottish golfer
- June 23
- Bridget Sloan, American artistic gymnast
- Kate Melton, American actress
- June 24
- David Alaba, Austrian football player
- Raven Goodwin, American actress
- June 25 – Jaden Schwartz, Canadian ice hockey player
- June 26
- Jennette McCurdy, American actress
- Melanie Amaro, American singer
- June 29 – Adam G. Sevani, Armenian-American actor and dancer
- June 30
- Holliston Coleman, American actress
- Lynx and Lamb Gaede, twin American Neo-Nazi musicians
July–September[link]
- July 3
- Maasa Sudo, Japanese singer
- Nathalia Ramos, Spanish actress and singer
- July 7
- Nathalia Ramos, Spanish actress
- Toni Garrn, German model
- July 8
- Kelsey-Beth Crossley, English actress
- Sky Ferreira, American singer, songwriter, model, and actress
- July 9
- Douglas Booth, English actor
- Gizem Karaca, Turkish model
- July 10 – Kristin Allen, American acrobatic gymnast
- July 15 – Koharu Kusumi, Japanese singer
- July 20
- Jordan Rodrigues, Australian actor
- Paige Hurd, American actress
- July 21
- Jessica Barden, English actress
- Rachael Flatt, American figure skater
- July 22 – Selena Gomez, American actress and singer
- July 28 – George Spencer-Churchill, Earl of Sunderland
- August 2 – Hallie Eisenberg, American actress
- August 4
- Dylan and Cole Sprouse, American twin actors
- Tiffany Evans, American singer
- August 7 – Bobby Lynn Bryant, American boxer
- August 11 – Allisson Lozz, Mexican actress and singer
- August 18
- Frances Bean Cobain, daughter of Kurt Cobain and Courtney Love
- Rebecca Brown (actress), American actress and musician
- August 20 – Demi Lovato, American actress, singer, songwriter
- August 25 – Miyabi Natsuyaki, Japanese singer
- August 26 – Hayley Hasselhoff, American actress
- August 31 – Holly Earl, English actress
- September 4 – Amanda and Caitlin Fein, American twin actresses
- September 9 – Damian McGinty, Irish singer and actor
- September 11 – Maria Gabriela de Faría, Venezuelan actress and singer
- September 16 – Nick Jonas, American singer/songwriter and actor
- September 18 – Amber Liu, South Korean singer
- September 21 – Chen, South Korean singer
- September 24 – Jack Sock, American tennis player
- September 27 – Jake Burbage, American actor
- September 28
- Keir Gilchrist, Canadian actor
- Koko Tsurumi, Japanese artistic gymnast
- Skye McCole Bartusiak, American actress
- September 29 – Marina Antipova, Russian ice dancer
October–December[link]
- October 6 – Rhyon Nicole Brown, American actress, singer, and dancer
- October 7 – Grace Bawden, Australian singer
- October 9 – Tyler James Williams, American actor
- October 10 – Gabrielle Aplin, English singer and songwriter
- October 12 – Josh Hutcherson, American actor
- October 13 – Aaron Dismuke, American voice actor
- October 14 – Savannah Outen, American singer
- October 15 – Vincent Martella, American actor and singer
- October 16 – Bryce Harper, American baseball player
- October 20 – Ksenia Semenova, Russian Olympic gymnast
- October 22 – Sofia Vassilieva, American actress
- October 24 – Thelma Fardin, Argentine actress
- October 28
- Jermaine Crawford, American actor
- Lexi Ainsworth, American actress
- October 29 – Jacqueline Jossa, English actress
- October 30 – Tequan Richmond, American actor, model, and rapper
- October 31 – Vanessa Marano, American actress
- November 6 – Megan Meier, American sciuide victim (d.2006)
- November 12 – Macey Cruthird, American actress
- November 18 – Nathan Kress, American actor
- November 23 – Miley Cyrus, American actress and singer
- November 25 – Ana Bogdan, Romanian tennis player
- November 27
- Park Chan-yeol, South Korean singer and rapper
- Tola Szlagowska, Polish singer
- November 28 – Adam Hicks, American rapper, actor and dancer
- November 29 – David Lambert, American actor
- December 8 – Katie Stevens, American singer
- December 12 – Chen Ruolin, Chinese diver
- December 17 – Thomas Law, British actor
- December 18 – Bridgit Mendler, American actress, singer, musician and songwriter
- December 23 – Spencer Daniels, American film and television actor
- December 26 – Kätlin Aas, Estonian fashion model
- December 30 – Lacey Banghard, English model
Deaths[link]
January[link]
- January 1 – Grace Hopper, American computer scientist (b. 1906)
- January 2 – Virginia Field, British actress (b. 1917)
- January 3 – Judith Anderson, Australian actress (b. 1897)
- January 7 – Richard Hunt, American puppeteer (b. 1951)
- January 9 – Bill Naughton, British playwright (b. 1910)
- January 11 - Shanda Sharer, American murder victim (b. 1979)
- January 17 – Frank Pullen, English business person and racehorse owner (b. 1915)
- January 18 – Aleksandr Almetov, Soviet Olympic ice hockey player (b. 1940)
- January 22 – A.J. Antoon, American theater director (b. 1944)
- January 23
- Freddie Bartholomew, British actor (b. 1924)
- Ian Wolfe, American actor (b. 1896)
- January 26 – José Ferrer, Puerto Rican actor (b. 1912)
- January 27 – Sally Hayfron, Wife of Robert Mugabe and first lady of Zimbabwe (b. 1933)
- January 29 – Willie Dixon, American composer and musician (b. 1915)
February[link]
- February 2 – Bert Parks, American game show host (b. 1914)
- February 4 – Lisa Fonssagrives, Swedish model (b. 1911)
- February 8 – Stanley Armour Dunham, Grandfather of US President Barack Obama (b. 1918)
- February 10 – Alex Haley, American author (b. 1921)
- February 11 – Ray Danton, American actor (b. 1931)
- February 12 – Bep van Klaveren, Dutch boxer (b. 1907)
- February 13 – Dorothy Tree, American actress (b. 1906)
- February 15 – William Schuman, American composer (b. 1910)
- February 16
- Angela Carter, English novelist and journalist (b. 1940)
- Jânio Quadros, 22nd President of Brazil (b. 1917)
- Abbas al-Musawi, Lebanese Shia cleric and Secretary General of Hezbollah (b. 1952).
- February 20
- Dick York, American actor (b. 1928)
- Roberto D'Aubuisson, Salvadorean Army officer and right-wing political leader (b. 1944)
- Eugene R. Black, Sr., American banker, former president of the World Bank (b. 1898)
- February 23 – Markos Vafiadis, Greek Communist leader (b. 1906)
- February 29 – La Lupe, Cuban singer (b. 1936)
March[link]
- March 2 – Sandy Dennis, American actress (b. 1937)
- March 3 – Robert Beatty, Canadian actor (b. 1909)
- March 4
- Nestor Almendros, Spanish cinematographer (b. 1930)
- Art Babbitt, American animator (b. 1907)
- March 5 – Pare Lorentz, American filmmaker (b. 1905)
- March 9 – Menachem Begin, 6th Prime Minister of Israel, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (b. 1913)
- March 11
- László Benedek, Hungarian film director (b. 1905)
- Richard Brooks, American film director (b. 1912)
- March 14 – Jean Poiret, French actor, screenwriter, director (b. 1926)
- March 16 – Yves Rocard, French nuclear physicist (b. 1903)
- March 17 – Jack Arnold, American TV and film director (b. 1912)
- March 18 – Antonio Molina, Spanish singer (b. 1928)
- March 19 – Cesare Danova, American actor (b. 1926)
- March 20 – Georges Delerue, French composer (b. 1925)
- March 21
- John Ireland, American actor (b. 1914)
- Natalie Sleeth, American composer (b. 1930)
- March 23 – Friedrich Hayek, Austrian economist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1899)
- March 25 – Nancy Walker, American actress (b. 1922)
- March 28 – Nikolaos Platon, Greek archaeologist (b. 1909)
- March 29 – Paul Henreid, Austrian-born actor (b. 1908)
- March 30 – Manolis Andronikos, Greek archaeologist (b. 1919)
April[link]
- April 2 – Juan Gómez González, Juanito, Spanish footballer (b. 1954)
- April 4
- Samuel Reshevsky, seven-time U.S. Chess Champion (b. 1911)
- Vintilă Horia, Romanian writer (b. 1915)
- April 5
- Suada Dilberović, Bosnian medical student. First casualty of the Siege of Sarajevo (b. 1968)
- Molly Picon, American actress (b. 1898)
- Sam Walton, American businessman, founder of Wal-Mart (b. 1918)
- April 6 – Isaac Asimov, Russian-born author (b. 1920)
- April 7 – Ace Bailey, Canadian hockey player (b. 1903)
- April 8 – Daniel Bovet, Swiss-born pharmacologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1907)
- April 10 – Sam Kinison, American comedian (b. 1953)
- April 11 – Alejandro Obregón, Colombian painter (b. 1920)
- April 13 – Feza Gürsey, Turkish mathematician and physicist (b. 1921)
- April 14
- David Miller, American film director (b. 1909)
- Sammy Price, American pianist and bandleader (b. 1908)
- April 16 – Neville Brand, American actor (b. 1920)
- April 19 – Frankie Howerd, British comedian and actor (b. 1917)
- Kristen French, Canadian murder victim (b. 1976)
- April 20 – Benny Hill, British comedian and actor (b. 1924)
- April 23
- Satyajit Ray, Indian filmmaker (b. 1921)
- Tanka Prasad Acharya Nepalese politician, former Prime Minister (b.1912)
- April 25 – Yutaka Ozaki, Japanese songwriter (b. 1965)
- April 27
- Olivier Messiaen, French composer (b. 1908)
- Harlond Clift, American baseman (b. 1912)
- April 28 – Francis Bacon, Irish-born painter (b. 1909)
- April 29 – Mae Clarke, American actress (b. 1910)
May[link]
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- May 3 – George Murphy, American actor and politician (b. 1902)
- May 4 – Gregor Mackenzie, British Labour Party politician (b. 1927)
- May 5 – Adriana Admiraal-Meijerink, Dutch olympic fencer (b. 1893)
- May 6 – Marlene Dietrich, German actress (b. 1901)
- May 10 – John Lund, American actor (b. 1911)
- May 12 – Robert Reed, American actor (b. 1932)
- May 13
- Gisela Elsner, German writer (b. 1937)
- F. E. McWilliam, Northern Irish sculptor (b. 1909)
- May 14
- Lyle Alzado, American football player (b. 1949)
- Nie Rongzhen, Chinese Communist military leader (b. 1899)
- May 17 – Lawrence Welk, American musician (b. 1903)
- May 18 – Marshall Thompson, American actor (b. 1925)
- May 21 – T. B. Ilangaratne, Sri Lankan author, dramatist, actor and politician (b. 1913)
- May 22
- Abraham Moles, French sociologist and psychologist (b. 1920)
- Tony Accardo, American gangster (b. 1906)
- May 23
- Atahualpa Yupanqui, Argentine singer, songwriter and guitarist (b. 1908)
- Giovanni Falcone, Italian judge (b. 1939)
- May 25
- Philip Habib, Lebanese-American diplomat (b. 1920)
- Tulio Demicheli, Argentine film director (b. 1914)
- May 30 – Karl Carstens, former President of the Federal Republic of Germany (b. 1914)
June[link]
- June 2 – Philip Dunne, American screenwriter and director (b. 1908)
- June 3 – Robert Morley, English actor (b. 1908)
- June 4 – Carl Stotz, American founder of Little League Baseball (b. 1910)
- June 18
- Mordecai Ardon, Israeli painter (b. 1896)
- Peter Allen, Australian singer, songwriter (b. 1944)
- June 19 – Kathleen McKane Godfree, British tennis player (b. 1896)
- June 21
- Joan Fuster, Spanish writer (b. 1922)
- Li Xiannian, former President of the People's Republic of China (b. 1909)
- June 21 – Rudra Mohammad Shahidullah, Bangladeshi poet (b. 1956)
- June 22 – Chuck Mitchell, American actor (b. 1927)
- June 25
- Jerome Brown, American football player (b. 1965)
- James Stirling, British architect (b. 1926)
- June 26 – Buddy Rogers, American wrestler (b. 1921)
- June 27 – Allan Jones, American actor (b. 1907)
- June 28 – Mikhail Tal, eighth World Chess Champion (b. 1936)
- June 28 Guy Nève, racing driver (b. 1955)
- June 29
- Mohamed Boudiaf, Algerian politician, president of the Republic (b. 1919)
- Pierre Billotte, French Army officer and politician (b. 1906)
July[link]
- July 5 – Paul Hackman, Canadian musician (b. 1953)
- July 9 – Eric Sevareid, American journalist (b. 1912)
- July 10 – Doris Tate, American campaigner for the rights of crime victims (b. 1924)
- July 13 – Albert Pierrepoint, British Chief Executioner (b. 1905)
- July 15 – Hammer DeRoburt, first President of Nauru (b. 1922)
- July 18 – Rudolph Ising, cartoon animator (b. 1903)
- July 19
- Allen Newell, computer scientist (b. 1927)
- Paolo Borsellino, Italian judge (b. 1940)
- July 22 – John Meyendorff, Russian-born Orthodox scholar (b. 1926)
- July 23 – Rosemary Sutcliff, British author (b. 1920)
- July 24 – Arletty, French singer and actress (b. 1898)
- July 25 – Alfred Drake, American actor (b. 1914)
- July 26 – Mary Wells, American singer (b. 1943)
- July 27 – Anthony Salerno, American mobster (b.1911)
- July 30 – Brenda Marshall, American actress (b. 1915)
- July 31 – Leonard Cheshire, English war hero and philanthropist (b. 1917)
August[link]
- August 4 – Seichō Matsumoto, Japanese writer and journalist (b. 1909)
- August 5
- Robert Muldoon, former Prime Minister of New Zealand (b. 1921)
- Jeff Porcaro, American musician (b. 1954)
- August 8 – Alison Gertz, American AIDS activist (b. 1966)
- August 9 – Fereydoun Farrokhzad, Iranian Entertainer (b. 1936)
- August 12 – John Cage, American composer (b. 1912)
- August 16 – Mark Heard, American singer (b. 1951)
- August 18
- John Sturges, American film director (b. 1911)
- Christopher Johnson McCandless, American itinerant and hiker, Starvation (b. 1968)
- August 29 – Teddy Turner, English actor (b. 1917)
September[link]
- September 1 – Morris Carnovsky, American actor (b. 1897)
- September 2 – Barbara McClintock, American geneticist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1902)
- September 12 – Anthony Perkins, American actor (b. 1932)
- September 29 – Paul Jabara, American actor, singer, and songwriter (b. 1948)
October[link]
- October 1
- Gert Bastian, German politician (b. 1913)
- Petra Kelly, German politician (b. 1947)
- October 4 – Denny Hulme, New Zealand race car driver (b. 1936)
- October 5 – Eddie Kendricks, American singer (b. 1939)
- October 6 – Denholm Elliott, English actor (b. 1922)
- October 7 – Tevfik Esenç, last known speaker of Ubykh (b. 1904)
- October 8 – Willy Brandt, Chancellor of Germany, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (b. 1913)
- October 12 – John Hancock, American actor (b. 1941)
- October 16 – Shirley Booth, American actress best known for playing the title character in the television series Hazel (b. 1898)
- October 17
- Yoshihiro Hattori, Japanese exchange student (b. 1975)
- Herman Johannes, Indonesian professor, scientist and politician (b. 1912)
- October 19 – Arthur Wint, Jamaican Olympic runner (b. 1920)
- October 22
- Red Barber, American sportscaster (b. 1908)
- Cleavon Little, American actor (b. 1939)
- October 25 – Roger Miller, American singer (b. 1936)
- October 27 – David Bohm, American-born physicist, philosopher, and neuropsychologist (b. 1917)
November[link]
- November 2 – Hal Roach, American director and producer (b. 1892)
- November 4 – George Klein, Canadian inventor (b. 1904)
- November 7
- Alexander Dubček, Slovakian politician (b. 1921)
- Jack Kelly, American actor (b. 1927)
- Richard Yates, American writer (b. 1926)
- November 10 – Chuck Connors, American actor (b. 1921)
- November 11 – Earle Meadows, American Olympic athlete (b. 1913)
- November 19 – Diane Varsi, American actress (b. 1938)
- November 22 – Sterling Holloway, American actor (b. 1905)
- November 23 – Roy Acuff, American singer (b. 1903)
- November 26 – John Sharp, English actor (b. 1920)
December[link]
- December 6 – Mimi Smith, maternal aunt and guardian of John Lennon (b. 1914)
- December 9 – Vincent Gardenia, Italian-American actor (b. 1922)
- December 12 – Suzanne Lilar, Belgian essayist, novelist and playwright (b. 1901)
- December 17 – Dana Andrews, American actor (b. 1909)
- December 18 – Mark Goodson, American game show producer (b. 1915)
- December 21
- Stella Adler, American acting teacher (b. 1901)
- Nathan Milstein, Ukrainian-born violinist (b. 1903)
- Albert King, American musician (b. 1923)
- December 22
- Frederick William Franz, a member of the Governing Body of Jehovah's Witnesses and 4th President of Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society (b. 1893)
- Ted Willis, British television dramatist and author (b. 1914)
- December 23 – Eddie Hazel, American guitarist (b. 1950)
- December 25
- Ted Croker, English former football official (b. 1924)
- Monica Dickens, English author (b. 1915)
- December 29 – Vivienne Segal, American actress (b. 1897)
Date unknown[link]
- Luigi Stipa, Italian aeronautical, hydraulic, and civil engineer and aircraft designer (b. 1900)
Nobel Prizes[link]
File:Nobel medal dsc06171.png
Nobel medal
- Physics – Georges Charpak
- Chemistry – Rudolph A. Marcus
- Medicine – Edmond H. Fischer, Edwin G. Krebs
- Literature – Derek Walcott
- Peace – Rigoberta Menchú
- Economics – Gary Becker
Templeton Prize[link]
References[link]
- ^ "Timeline of the War in Bosnia". Archived from the original on 2009-07-21. http://cranepsych.com/Travel/Bosnia/War_Timeline.html. Retrieved 2009-06-23.
- ^ [1]
- 1992 House by Bill Frolick – article about 1992 from The New Yorker magazine.
http://wn.com/1992
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1992
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
For other people named Michael Jordan, see Michael Jordan (disambiguation).
Michael Jeffrey Jordan (born February 17, 1963) is a retired American professional basketball player, active entrepreneur, and majority owner of the Charlotte Bobcats. His biography on the National Basketball Association (NBA) website states, "By acclamation, Michael Jordan is the greatest basketball player of all time."[1] Jordan was one of the most effectively marketed athletes of his generation and was considered instrumental in popularizing the NBA around the world in the 1980s and 1990s.[2]
After a three-season career at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, where he was a member of the Tar Heels' national championship team in 1982, Jordan joined the NBA's Chicago Bulls in 1984. He quickly emerged as a league star, entertaining crowds with his prolific scoring. His leaping ability, illustrated by performing slam dunks from the free throw line in slam dunk contests, earned him the nicknames "Air Jordan" and "His Airness". He also gained a reputation for being one of the best defensive players in basketball.[3] In 1991, he won his first NBA championship with the Bulls, and followed that achievement with titles in 1992 and 1993, securing a "three-peat". Although Jordan abruptly retired from basketball at the beginning of the 1993–94 NBA season to pursue a career in baseball, he rejoined the Bulls in 1995 and led them to three additional championships (1996, 1997, and 1998) as well as an NBA-record 72 regular-season wins in the 1995–96 NBA season. Jordan retired for a second time in 1999, but returned for two more NBA seasons from 2001 to 2003 as a member of the Washington Wizards.
Jordan's individual accolades and accomplishments include five MVP awards, ten All-NBA First Team designations, nine All-Defensive First Team honors, fourteen NBA All-Star Game appearances, three All-Star Game MVP awards, ten scoring titles, three steals titles, six NBA Finals MVP awards, and the 1988 NBA Defensive Player of the Year Award. He holds the NBA records for highest career regular season scoring average (30.12 points per game) and highest career playoff scoring average (33.45 points per game). In 1999, he was named the greatest North American athlete of the 20th century by ESPN, and was second to Babe Ruth on the Associated Press's list of athletes of the century. He was inducted into the Basketball Hall of Fame in 2009.
Jordan is also noted for his product endorsements. He fueled the success of Nike's Air Jordan sneakers, which were introduced in 1985 and remain popular today.[4] Jordan also starred in the 1996 feature film Space Jam as himself. He is the majority owner and head of basketball operations for the NBA's Charlotte Bobcats, having won a bidding war to buy controlling interest in the team from founding owner Robert L. Johnson.
Jordan is sometimes referred to simply by his initials MJ.[5]
Contents |
Early years[link]
Jordan was born in Brooklyn, New York, the son of Deloris (née Peoples), who worked in banking, and James R. Jordan, Sr., an equipment supervisor. His family moved to Wilmington, North Carolina, when he was a toddler.[6] Jordan attended Emsley A. Laney High School in Wilmington, where he anchored his athletic career by playing baseball, football, and basketball. He tried out for the varsity basketball team during his sophomore year, but at 5'11" (1.80 m), he was deemed too short to play at that level. His taller friend, Harvest Leroy Smith, was the only sophomore to make the team.[7]
Motivated to prove his worth, Jordan became the star of Laney's junior varsity squad, and tallied several 40 point games.[7] The following summer, he grew four inches (10 cm)[1] and trained rigorously. Upon earning a spot on the varsity roster, Jordan averaged about 20 points per game over his final two seasons of high school play.[8][9] As a senior, he was selected to the McDonald's All-American Team[10] after averaging a triple-double: 29.2 points, 11.6 rebounds, and 10.1 assists.[11]
In 1981, Jordan earned a basketball scholarship to the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, where he majored in cultural geography. As a freshman in coach Dean Smith's team-oriented system, he was named ACC Freshman of the Year after he averaged 13.4 points per game (ppg) on 53.4% shooting (field goal percentage).[12] He made the game-winning jump shot in the 1982 NCAA Championship game against Georgetown, which was led by future NBA rival Patrick Ewing.[1] Jordan later described this shot as the major turning point in his basketball career.[13] During his three seasons at North Carolina, he averaged 17.7 ppg on 54.0% shooting, and added 5.0 rebounds per game (rpg).[8] He was selected by consensus to the NCAA All-American First Team in both his sophomore (1983) and junior (1984) seasons. After winning the Naismith and the Wooden College Player of the Year awards in 1984, Jordan left North Carolina one year before his scheduled graduation to enter the 1984 NBA Draft. The Chicago Bulls selected Jordan with the third overall pick, after Hakeem Olajuwon (Houston Rockets) and Sam Bowie (Portland Trail Blazers). Jordan returned to North Carolina to complete his degree in 1986.[14]
Professional career[link]
During his first season in the NBA, Jordan averaged 28.2 ppg on 51.5% shooting.[12] He quickly became a fan favorite even in opposing arenas,[15][16][17] and appeared on the cover of Sports Illustrated with the heading "A Star is Born" just over a month into his professional career.[18][19] Jordan was also voted in as an All-Star starter by the fans in his rookie season.[1] Controversy arose before the All-Star game when word surfaced that several veteran players, led by Isiah Thomas, were upset by the amount of attention Jordan was receiving.[1] This led to a so called "freeze-out" on Jordan, where players refused to pass him the ball throughout the game.[1] The controversy left Jordan relatively unaffected when he returned to regular season play, and he would go on to be voted Rookie of the Year.[20] The Bulls finished the season 38–44,[21] and lost in the first round of the playoffs in four games to the Milwaukee Bucks.[20]
Jordan's second season was cut short by a broken foot which caused him to miss 64 games.[1] Despite Jordan's injury and a 30–52 record,[21] the Bulls made the playoffs. Jordan recovered in time to participate in the playoffs and performed well upon his return. Against a 1985–86 Boston Celtics team that is often considered one of the greatest in NBA history,[22] Jordan set the still-unbroken record for points in a playoff game with 63 in Game 2.[23] The Celtics, however, managed to sweep the series.[20]
Jordan had recovered completely by the 1986–87 season, and had one of the most prolific scoring seasons in NBA history. He became the only player other than Wilt Chamberlain to score 3,000 points in a season, averaging a league high 37.1 points on 48.2% shooting.[12] In addition, Jordan demonstrated his defensive prowess, as he became the first player in NBA history to record 200 steals and 100 blocks in a season. Despite Jordan's success, Magic Johnson won the league's Most Valuable Player Award. The Bulls reached 40 wins,[21] and advanced to the playoffs for the third consecutive year. However, they were again swept by the Celtics.[20]
Mid-career: Pistons roadblock[link]
Jordan led the league in scoring again in the 1987–88 season, averaging 35.0 ppg on 53.5% shooting[12] and won his first league MVP award. He was also named the Defensive Player of the Year, as he had averaged 1.6 blocks and a league high 3.16 steals per game.[24] The Bulls finished 50–32,[21] and made it out of the first round of the playoffs for the first time in Jordan's career, as they defeated the Cleveland Cavaliers in five games.[25] However, the Bulls then lost in five games to the more experienced Detroit Pistons,[20] who were led by Isiah Thomas and a group of physical players known as the "Bad Boys".
In the 1988–89 season, Jordan again led the league in scoring, averaging 32.5 ppg on 53.8% shooting from the field, along with 8 rpg and 8 assists per game (apg).[12] The Bulls finished with a 47–35 record,[21] and advanced to the Eastern Conference Finals, defeating the Cavaliers and New York Knicks along the way. The Cavaliers series included a career highlight for Jordan when he hit The Shot over Craig Ehlo at the buzzer in the fifth and final game of the series.[26] However, the Pistons again defeated the Bulls, this time in six games,[20] by utilizing their "Jordan Rules" method of guarding Jordan, which consisted of double and triple teaming him every time he touched the ball.[1]
The Bulls entered the 1989–90 season as a team on the rise, with their core group of Jordan and young improving players like Scottie Pippen and Horace Grant, and under the guidance of new coach Phil Jackson. Jordan averaged a league leading 33.6 ppg on 52.6% shooting, to go with 6.9 rpg and 6.3 apg[12] in leading the Bulls to a 55–27 record.[21] They again advanced to the Eastern Conference Finals beating the Bucks and Philadelphia 76ers en route. However, despite pushing the series to seven games, the Bulls lost to the Pistons for the third consecutive season.[20]
First three-peat[link]
In the 1990–91 season, Jordan won his second MVP award after averaging 31.5 ppg on 53.9% shooting, 6.0 rpg, and 5.5 apg for the regular season.[12] The Bulls finished in first place in their division for the first time in 16 years and set a franchise record with 61 wins in the regular season.[21] With Scottie Pippen developing into an All-Star, the Bulls had elevated their play. The Bulls defeated the New York Knicks and the Philadelphia 76ers in the opening two rounds of the playoffs. They advanced to the Eastern Conference Finals where their rival, the Detroit Pistons, awaited them. However, this time the Bulls beat the Pistons in a surprising sweep.[27][28] In an unusual ending to the fourth and final game, Isiah Thomas led his team off the court before the final seconds had concluded. Most of the Pistons went directly to their locker room instead of shaking hands with the Bulls.[29][30]
The Bulls compiled an outstanding 15–2 record during the playoffs,[27] and advanced to the NBA Finals for the first time in franchise history, where they beat the Los Angeles Lakers four games to one. Perhaps the best known moment of the series came in Game 2 when, attempting a dunk, Jordan avoided a potential Sam Perkins block by switching the ball from his right hand to his left in mid-air to lay the shot in.[31] In his first Finals appearance, Jordan posted per game averages of 31.2 points on 56% shooting from the field, 11.4 assists, 6.6 rebounds, 2.8 steals and 1.4 blocks.[32] Jordan won his first NBA Finals MVP award,[33] and he cried while holding the NBA Finals trophy.[34]
Jordan and the Bulls continued their dominance in the 1991–92 season, establishing a 67–15 record, topping their franchise record from 1990 to 91.[21] Jordan won his second consecutive MVP award with averages of 30.1 points, 6.4 rebounds and 6.1 assists per game on 52% shooting.[24] After winning a physical 7-game series over the New York Knicks in the second round of the playoffs and finishing off the Cleveland Cavaliers in the Conference Finals in 6 games, the Bulls met Clyde Drexler and the Portland Trail Blazers in the Finals. The media, hoping to recreate a Magic-Bird rivalry, highlighted the similarities between "Air" Jordan and Clyde "The Glide" during the pre-Finals hype.[35] In the first game, Jordan scored a Finals-record 35 points in the first half, including a record-setting six three-point field goals.[36] After the sixth three-pointer, he jogged down the court shrugging as he looked courtside. Marv Albert, who broadcast the game, later stated that it was as if Jordan was saying, "I can't believe I'm doing this."[37] The Bulls went on to win Game 1, and defeat the Blazers in six games. Jordan was named Finals MVP for the second year in a row[33] and finished the series averaging 35.8 ppg, 4.8 rpg, and 6.5 apg, while shooting 53% from the floor.[33]
In 1992–93, despite a 32.6 ppg, 6.7 rpg and 5.5 apg campaign,[24] Jordan's streak of consecutive MVP seasons ended as he lost the award to his friend Charles Barkley. Coincidentally, Jordan and the Bulls met Barkley and his Phoenix Suns in the 1993 NBA Finals. The Bulls captured their third consecutive NBA championship on a game-winning shot by John Paxson and a last-second block by Horace Grant, but Jordan was once again Chicago's catalyst. He averaged a Finals-record 41.0 ppg during the six-game series,[38] and became the first player in NBA history to win three straight Finals MVP awards.[33] He scored more than 30 points in every game of the series, including 40 or more points in 4 consecutive games. With his third Finals triumph, Jordan capped off a seven-year run where he attained seven scoring titles and three championships, but there were signs that Jordan was tiring of his massive celebrity and all of the non-basketball hassles in his life.[39]
Gambling controversy[link]
During the Bulls' playoff run in 1993, controversy arose when Jordan was seen gambling in Atlantic City, New Jersey the night before a game against the New York Knicks.[40] In that same year, he admitted to having to cover $57,000 in gambling losses,[41] and author Richard Esquinas wrote a book claiming he had won $1.25 million from Jordan on the golf course.[41] In 2005, Jordan talked to Ed Bradley of the CBS evening show 60 Minutes about his gambling and admitted that he made some reckless decisions. Jordan stated, "Yeah, I've gotten myself into situations where I would not walk away and I've pushed the envelope. Is that compulsive? Yeah, it depends on how you look at it. If you're willing to jeopardize your livelihood and your family, then yeah."[42] When Bradley asked him if his gambling ever got to the level where it jeopardized his livelihood or family, Jordan replied, "No."[42]
First retirement and baseball career[link]
| Michael Jordan | |
|---|---|
| Birmingham Barons — No. 45 & No. 35 | |
| Outfield | |
| Batted: Right | Threw: Right |
| Professional debut | |
| Southern League: April 8, 1994 for the Birmingham Barons | |
| Arizona Fall League: 1994 for the Scottsdale Scorpions | |
| Last professional appearance | |
| Southern League: March 10, 1995 for the Birmingham Barons | |
| Southern League statistics (through 1994) |
|
| Batting average | .202 |
| Runs batted in | 51 |
| Home runs | 3 |
| Arizona Fall League statistics | |
| Batting average | .252 |
| Teams | |
|
Birmingham Barons (1994 – 1995) |
|
On October 6, 1993, Jordan announced his retirement, citing a loss of desire to play the game. Jordan later stated that the murder of his father earlier in the year shaped his decision.[43] James R. Jordan, Sr. was murdered on July 23, 1993, at a highway rest area in Lumberton, North Carolina, by two teenagers, Daniel Green and Larry Martin Demery. The assailants were traced from calls they made on James Jordan's cellular phone,[44] caught, convicted, and sentenced to life in prison. Jordan was close to his father; as a child he had imitated his father's proclivity to stick out his tongue while absorbed in work. He later adopted it as his own signature, displaying it each time he drove to the basket.[1] In 1996 he founded a Chicago area Boys & Girls Club and dedicated it to his father.[45][46]
In his 1998 autobiography For the Love of the Game, Jordan wrote that he had been preparing for retirement as early as the summer of 1992.[47] The added exhaustion due to the Dream Team run in the 1992 Olympics solidified Jordan's feelings about the game and his ever-growing celebrity status. Jordan's announcement sent shock waves throughout the NBA and appeared on the front pages of newspapers around the world.[48]
Jordan then further surprised the sports world by signing a minor league baseball contract with the Chicago White Sox. He reported to spring training and was assigned to the team's minor league system on March 31, 1994.[49] Jordan has stated this decision was made to pursue the dream of his late father, who had always envisioned his son as a Major League Baseball player.[50] The White Sox were another team owned by Bulls owner Jerry Reinsdorf, who continued to honor Jordan's basketball contract during the years he played baseball.[51] In 1994, Jordan played for the Birmingham Barons, a Double-A minor league affiliate of the Chicago White Sox, batting .202 with three home runs, 51 runs batted in, 30 stolen bases, and 11 errors.[9] He also appeared for the Scottsdale Scorpions in the 1994 Arizona Fall League, batting .252 against the top prospects in baseball.[52] On November 1, 1994, his number 23 was retired by the Bulls in a ceremony that included the erection of a permanent sculpture known as The Spirit outside the new United Center.[53][54][55]
"I'm back": Return to the NBA[link]
In the 1993–94 season, the Bulls, without Jordan, achieved a 55–27 record,[21] and lost to the New York Knicks in the second round of the playoffs. But the 1994–95 version of the Bulls was a shell of the championship squad of just two years earlier. Struggling at mid-season to ensure a spot in the playoffs, Chicago was 31–31 at one point in mid-March.[56] The team received a lift, however, when Jordan decided to return to the NBA for the Bulls.
On March 18, 1995, Jordan announced his return to the NBA through a 2-word press release: "I'm back."[1] The next day, Jordan donned jersey number 45 (his number with the Barons), as his familiar 23 had been retired in his honor following his first retirement. He took to the court with the Bulls to face the Indiana Pacers in Indianapolis, scoring 19 points.[57] The game had the highest Nielsen rating of a regular season NBA game since 1975.[58]
Although he hadn't played an NBA game in a year and a half, Jordan played well upon his return, making a game-winning jump shot against Atlanta in his fourth game back. He then scored 55 points in the next game against the Knicks at Madison Square Garden on March 28, 1995 (his first appearance at Madison Square Garden since retiring).[20] Boosted by Jordan's comeback, the Bulls went 13-4 to make the playoffs and advanced to the Eastern Conference Semifinals against the Orlando Magic. Though at the end of Game 1, Orlando's Nick Anderson stripped Jordan from behind, leading to the game-winning basket for the Magic; he would later comment that Jordan "didn't look like the old Michael Jordan",[59] after which Jordan returned to wearing his old number. Jordan averaged 31 points per game in the series, but Orlando prevailed in 6 games.[8]
Second three-peat[link]
Freshly motivated by the playoff defeat, Jordan trained aggressively for the 1995–96 season.[60] Strengthened by the addition of rebound specialist Dennis Rodman, the Bulls dominated the league, starting the season 41–3,[61] and eventually finishing with the best regular season record in NBA history: 72–10.[22] Jordan led the league in scoring with 30.4 ppg,[62] and won the league's regular season and All-Star Game MVP awards.[1] In the playoffs, the Bulls lost only three games in four series, defeating the Seattle SuperSonics in the NBA Finals to win the championship. Jordan was named Finals MVP for a record fourth time,[33] surpassing Magic Johnson's three Finals MVP awards. He also achieved only the second sweep of the MVP Awards in the All-Star Game, regular season and NBA Finals, Willis Reed having achieved the first, during the 1969–70 season.[20] Because this was Jordan's first championship since his father's murder, and it was won on Father's Day, Jordan reacted very emotionally upon winning the title, including a memorable scene of him sobbing on the locker room floor with the game ball.[1][34]
In the 1996–97 season, the Bulls started out 69–11, but narrowly missed out on a second consecutive 70-win season by losing their final two games to finish 69–13.[63] However, this year Jordan was beaten for the NBA MVP Award by Karl Malone. The Bulls again advanced to the Finals, where they faced Malone and the Utah Jazz. The series against the Jazz featured two of the more memorable clutch moments of Jordan's career. He won Game 1 for the Bulls with a buzzer-beating jump shot. In Game 5, with the series tied at 2, Jordan played despite being feverish and dehydrated from a stomach virus. In what is known as the "Flu Game", Jordan scored 38 points, including the game-deciding 3-pointer with 25 seconds remaining.[64] The Bulls won 90–88 and went on to win the series in six games.[63] For the fifth time in as many Finals appearances, Jordan received the Finals MVP award.[33] During the 1997 NBA All-Star Game, Jordan posted the first triple double in All-Star Game history in a victorious effort; however, he did not receive the MVP award.
Jordan and the Bulls compiled a 62–20 record in the 1997–98 season.[21] Jordan led the league with 28.7 points per game,[24] securing his fifth regular-season MVP award, plus honors for All-NBA First Team, First Defensive Team and the All-Star Game MVP.[1] The Bulls captured the Eastern Conference Championship for a third straight season, including surviving a grueling seven-game series with Reggie Miller's Indiana Pacers in the Eastern Conference Finals; it was the first time Jordan had played in a Game 7 since the 1992 series with the Knicks. After prevailing, they moved on for a rematch with the Jazz in the Finals.
The Bulls returned to Utah for Game 6 on June 14, 1998 leading the series 3–2. Jordan executed a series of plays, considered to be one of the greatest clutch performances in NBA Finals history.[65] With the Bulls trailing 86–83 with 41.9 seconds remaining, Phil Jackson called a timeout. When play resumed, Jordan received the inbound pass, drove to the basket, and hit a layup over several Jazz defenders.[65] The Jazz brought the ball upcourt and passed the ball to forward Karl Malone, who was set up in the low post and was being guarded by Rodman. Malone jostled with Rodman and caught the pass, but Jordan cut behind him and swatted the ball out of his hands for a steal.[65] Jordan then slowly dribbled upcourt and paused at the top of the key, eyeing his defender, Jazz guard Bryon Russell. With fewer than 10 seconds remaining, Jordan started to dribble right, then crossed over to his left, possibly pushing off Russell,[66][67][68] although the officials did not call a foul. Jordan then made what would become the climactic shot of his career. After John Stockton missed a desperation 3-pointer, Jordan and the Bulls claimed their sixth NBA championship, and secured a second three-peat. Once again, Jordan was voted the Finals MVP,[33] having led all scorers by averaging 33.5 points per game, including 45 in the deciding Game 6.[69] Jordan's six Finals MVPs is a record; Shaquille O'Neal, Magic Johnson, and Tim Duncan are tied for second place with three apiece.[33] The 1998 Finals holds the highest television rating of any Finals series in history, and Game 6 holds the highest television rating of any game in NBA history.[70][71]
Second retirement[link]
With Phil Jackson's contract expiring, the pending departures of Scottie Pippen (who stated his desire to be traded during the season) and Dennis Rodman (who would sign with the Los Angeles Lakers as a free agent) looming, and being in the latter stages of an owner-induced lockout of NBA players, Jordan retired for the second time on January 13, 1999.
On January 19, 2000, Jordan returned to the NBA not as a player, but as part owner and President of Basketball Operations for the Washington Wizards.[72] Jordan's responsibilities with the Wizards were comprehensive. He controlled all aspects of the Wizards' basketball operations, and had the final say in all personnel matters. Opinions of Jordan as a basketball executive were mixed.[73][74] He managed to purge the team of several highly paid, unpopular players (such as forward Juwan Howard and point guard Rod Strickland),[75][76] but used the first pick in the 2001 NBA Draft to select high schooler Kwame Brown, who did not live up to expectations and was traded away after four seasons.[73][77]
Despite his January 1999 claim that he was "99.9% certain" that he would never play another NBA game,[34] in the summer of 2001 Jordan expressed interest in making another comeback,[78][79] this time with his new team. Inspired by the NHL comeback of his friend Mario Lemieux the previous winter,[80] Jordan spent much of the spring and summer of 2001 in training, holding several invitation-only camps for NBA players in Chicago.[81] In addition, Jordan hired his old Chicago Bulls head coach, Doug Collins, as Washington's coach for the upcoming season, a decision that many saw as foreshadowing another Jordan return.[78][79]
Washington Wizards comeback[link]
On September 25, 2001 Jordan announced his return to professional play with the Wizards, indicating his intention to donate his salary as a player to a relief effort for the victims of the September 11, 2001 attacks.[82][83] In an injury-plagued 2001–02 season, he led the team in scoring (22.9 ppg), assists (5.2 apg), and steals (1.42 spg).[1] However, torn cartilage in his right knee ended Jordan's season after only 60 games, the fewest he had played in a regular season since playing 17 games after returning from his first retirement during the 1994–95 season.[12]
Playing in his 14th and final NBA All-Star Game in 2003, Jordan passed Kareem Abdul-Jabbar as the all-time leading scorer in All-Star game history (a record since broken by Kobe Bryant).[84] That year, Jordan was the only Washington player to play in all 82 games, starting in 67 of them. He averaged 20.0 points, 6.1 rebounds, 3.8 assists, and 1.5 steals per game.[1] He also shot 45% from the field, and 82% from the free throw line.[1] Even though he turned 40 during the season, he scored 20 or more points 42 times, 30 or more points nine times, and 40 or more points three times.[20] On February 21, 2003, Jordan became the first 40-year-old to tally 43 points in an NBA game.[85] During his stint with the Wizards, all of Jordan's home games at the MCI Center were sold out, and the Wizards were the second most-watched team in the NBA, averaging 20,172 fans a game at home and 19,311 on the road.[86] However, neither of Jordan's final two seasons resulted in a playoff appearance for the Wizards, and Jordan was often unsatisfied with the play of those around him.[87][88] At several points he openly criticized his teammates to the media, citing their lack of focus and intensity, notably that of the number one draft pick in the 2001 NBA Draft, Kwame Brown.[87][88]
With the recognition that 2002–03 would be Jordan's final season, tributes were paid to him throughout the NBA. In his final game at his old home court, the United Center in Chicago, Jordan received a four-minute standing ovation.[89] The Miami Heat retired the number 23 jersey on April 11, 2003, even though Jordan had never played for the team.[90] At the 2003 All-Star Game, Jordan was offered a starting spot from Tracy McGrady and Allen Iverson,[91] but refused both; in the end, however, he accepted the spot of Vince Carter, who decided to give it up under great public pressure.[92]
Jordan's final NBA game was on April 16, 2003 in Philadelphia. After scoring only 13 points in the game, Jordan went to the bench with 4 minutes and 13 seconds remaining in the third quarter and with his team trailing the Philadelphia 76ers, 75–56. Just after the start of the fourth quarter, the First Union Center crowd began chanting "We want Mike!". After much encouragement from coach Doug Collins, Jordan finally rose from the bench and re-entered the game for Larry Hughes with 2:35 remaining. At 1:45, Jordan was intentionally fouled by the 76ers' Eric Snow, and stepped to the line to make both free throws. After the second foul shot, the 76ers in-bounded the ball to rookie John Salmons, who in turn was intentionally fouled by Bobby Simmons one second later, stopping time so that Jordan could return to the bench. Jordan received a three-minute standing ovation from his teammates, his opponents, the officials and a crowd of 21,257 fans.[93]
Olympic career[link]
| Medal record | ||
|---|---|---|
Member of  United States |
||
| men's national basketball team | ||
| Pan American Games | ||
| Gold | 1983 Caracas | men's basketball |
| Olympic Games | ||
| Gold | 1984 Los Angeles | men's basketball |
| Gold | 1992 Barcelona | men's basketball |
| FIBA Americas Championship | ||
| Gold | 1992 Portland | men's basketball |
Jordan played on two Olympic gold medal-winning American basketball teams. As a college player he participated, and won the gold, in the 1984 Summer Olympics. The team was coached by Bob Knight and featured players such as Patrick Ewing, Sam Perkins, Chris Mullin, Steve Alford, and Wayman Tisdale. Jordan led the team in scoring, averaging 17.1 ppg for the tournament.[94]
In the 1992 Summer Olympics he was a member of the star-studded squad that included Magic Johnson, Larry Bird, and David Robinson and was dubbed the "Dream Team". Jordan was the only player to start all 8 games in the Olympics. Playing limited minutes due to the frequent blowouts, Jordan averaged 14.9 ppg,[95] finishing second on the team in scoring.[96] Jordan, Patrick Ewing, and fellow Dream Team member Chris Mullin are the only American men's basketball players to win Olympic gold as amateurs (all in 1984) and professionals.[94][95]
After retiring as a player[link]
After his third retirement, Jordan assumed that he would be able to return to his front office position of Director of Basketball Operations with the Wizards.[97] However, his previous tenure in the Wizards' front office had produced the aforementioned mixed results and may have also influenced the trade of Richard "Rip" Hamilton for Jerry Stackhouse (although Jordan was not technically Director of Basketball Operations in 2002).[73] On May 7, 2003, Wizards owner Abe Pollin fired Jordan as Washington's President of Basketball Operations.[73] Jordan later stated that he felt betrayed, and that if he knew he would be fired upon retiring he never would have come back to play for the Wizards.[42]
Jordan kept busy over the next few years by staying in shape, playing golf in celebrity charity tournaments, spending time with his family in Chicago, promoting his Jordan Brand clothing line, and riding motorcycles.[98] Since 2004, Jordan has owned Michael Jordan Motorsports, a professional closed-course motorcycle road racing team that competes with two Suzukis in the premier Superbike class sanctioned by the American Motorcyclist Association (AMA).[99][100] Jordan and his then-wife Juanita pledged $5 million to Chicago's Hales Franciscan High School in 2006,[101] and the Jordan Brand has made donations to Habitat for Humanity and a Louisiana branch of the Boys & Girls Clubs of America.[102] On June 15, 2006, Jordan bought a minority stake in the Charlotte Bobcats, becoming the team's second-largest shareholder behind majority owner Robert L. Johnson. As part of the deal, Jordan was named "Managing Member of Basketball Operations," with full control over the basketball side of the operation.[103] Despite Jordan's previous success as an endorser, he has made an effort not to be included in Charlotte's marketing campaigns.[104]
In February 2010, it was reported that Jordan was seeking majority ownership of the Bobcats.[105] As February wore on, it emerged that the leading contenders for the team were Jordan and former Houston Rockets president George Postolos. On February 27, the Bobcats announced that Johnson had reached an agreement with Jordan and his group, MJ Basketball Holdings, to buy the team pending NBA approval.[106] On March 17, the NBA Board of Governors unanimously approved Jordan's purchase, making him the first former NBA player ever to become the majority owner of a league franchise.[107]
During the 2011 NBA lockout, The New York Times wrote that Jordan led a group of 10 to 14 hardline owners wanting to cap the players' share of basketball-related income at 50 percent and as low as 47. Journalists observed that, during the labor dispute in 1998, Jordan had told Washington Wizards then-owner Abe Pollin, "If you can’t make a profit, you should sell your team."[108] Jason Whitlock of FoxSports.com called Jordan a "sellout" wanting "current players to pay for his incompetence."[109] He cited Jordan's executive decisions to draft disappointing players Kwame Brown and Adam Morrison.[109]
Player profile[link]
Jordan was a shooting guard who was also capable of playing small forward (the position he would primarily play during his second return to professional basketball with the Washington Wizards). Jordan was known throughout his career for being a strong clutch performer. He decided numerous games with last-second plays (e.g., The Shot) and performed at a high level even under adverse circumstances (e.g., Flu Game). His competitiveness was visible in his prolific trash-talk[110] and well-known work ethic.[111][112]
Jordan had a versatile offensive game. He was capable of aggressively driving to the basket, as well as drawing fouls from his opponents at a high rate; his 8,772 free throw attempts are the ninth highest total of all time.[113] As his career progressed, Jordan also developed the ability to post up his opponents and score with his trademark fadeaway jump shot, using his leaping ability to "fade away" from block attempts. According to Hubie Brown, this move alone made him nearly unstoppable.[114] Despite media criticism as a "selfish" player early in his career, Jordan's 5.3 assists per game[12] also indicate his willingness to defer to his teammates. In later years, the NBA shortened its three-point line to 22 feet (from 23 feet, 9 inches), which coupled with Jordan's extended shooting range to make him a long-range threat as well—his 3-point stroke developed from a low 9/52 rate (.173) in his rookie year into a stellar 111/260 (.427) shooter in the 1995–96 season.[12] For a guard, Jordan was also a good rebounder (6.2 per game).[12]
In 1988, Jordan was honored with the NBA's Defensive Player of the Year Award and became the first NBA player to win both the Defensive Player of the Year and MVP awards in a career (since equaled by Hakeem Olajuwon, David Robinson, and Kevin Garnett; Olajuwon is the only player other than Jordan to win both during the same season). In addition he set both seasonal and career records for blocked shots by a guard,[115] and combined this with his ball-thieving ability to become a standout defensive player. His 2,514 steals are second highest all-time behind John Stockton, while his steals per game average is third all-time.[116] Jerry West often stated that he was more impressed with Jordan's defensive contributions than his offensive ones.[117]
Legacy[link]
Jordan's basketball talent was clear from his rookie season.[15][17] In his first game in Madison Square Garden against the New York Knicks, Jordan received a prolonged standing ovation,[17] a rarity for an opposing player. After Jordan scored a playoff record 63 points against the Boston Celtics in 1986, Celtics star Larry Bird described him as "God disguised as Michael Jordan."[23]
| "By acclamation, Michael Jordan is the greatest basketball player of all time." |
| —Introductory line of Jordan's NBA Encyclopedia biography[1] |
Jordan led the NBA in scoring in 10 seasons (NBA record) and tied Wilt Chamberlain's record of seven consecutive scoring titles. He was also a fixture on the NBA All-Defensive First Team, making the roster nine times (NBA record shared with Gary Payton). Jordan also holds the top career regular season and playoff scoring averages of 30.1 and 33.4 points per game,[1] respectively. By 1998, the season of his Finals-winning shot against the Jazz, he was well known throughout the league as a clutch performer. In the regular season, Jordan was the Bulls' primary threat in the final seconds of a close game and in the playoffs, Jordan would always demand the ball at crunch time.[118] Jordan's total of 5,987 points in the playoffs is the highest in NBA history.[119] He retired with 32,292 points in regular season play,[120] placing him third on the NBA's all-time scoring list behind Kareem Abdul-Jabbar and Karl Malone.[120]
With five regular-season MVPs (tied for second place with Bill Russell; only Kareem Abdul-Jabbar has won more, six), six Finals MVPs (NBA record), and three All-Star MVPs, Jordan is the most decorated player ever to play in the NBA. Jordan finished among the top three in regular-season MVP voting a record 10 times, and was named one of the 50 Greatest Players in NBA History in 1996.
| "There's Michael Jordan and then there is the rest of us." |
| —Magic Johnson[1] |
Many of Jordan's contemporaries label Jordan as the greatest basketball player of all time.[117] An ESPN survey of journalists, athletes and other sports figures ranked Jordan the greatest North American athlete of the 20th century, above icons such as Babe Ruth and Muhammad Ali.[121] Jordan placed second to Babe Ruth in the Associated Press's list of 20th century athletes.[122] In addition, the Associated Press voted him as the basketball player of the 20th century.[123] Jordan has also appeared on the front cover of Sports Illustrated a record 49 times.[124] In the September 1996 issue of Sport, which was the publication's 50th anniversary issue, Jordan was named the greatest athlete of the past 50 years.[125]
Jordan's athletic leaping ability, highlighted in his back-to-back slam dunk contest championships in 1987 and 1988, is credited by many with having influenced a generation of young players.[126][127] Several current NBA All-Stars have stated that they considered Jordan their role model while growing up, including LeBron James[128] and Dwyane Wade.[129] In addition, commentators have dubbed a number of next-generation players "the next Michael Jordan" upon their entry to the NBA, including Anfernee "Penny" Hardaway, Grant Hill, Allen Iverson, Kobe Bryant, LeBron James, Vince Carter, and Dwyane Wade.[130][131][132] Although Jordan was a well-rounded player, his "Air Jordan" image is also often credited with inadvertently decreasing the jump shooting skills, defense, and fundamentals of young players,[126] a fact Jordan himself has lamented.
| “ | I think it was the exposure of Michael Jordan; the marketing of Michael Jordan. Everything was marketed towards the things that people wanted to see, which was scoring and dunking. That Michael Jordan still played defense and an all-around game, but it was never really publicized.[126] | ” |
Although Jordan has done much to increase the status of the game, some of his impact on the game's popularity in America appears to be fleeting.[133][134] Television ratings in particular increased only during his time in the league and have subsequently lowered each time he left the game.[133][134]
In August 2009, the Basketball Hall of Fame in Springfield, Massachusetts, opened a Michael Jordan exhibit containing items from his college and NBA careers, as well as from the 1992 "Dream Team". The exhibit also has a batting glove to signify Jordan's short career in baseball.[135] After Jordan received word of his being accepted into the Hall of Fame, he selected Class of 1996 member David Thompson to present him.[136] As Jordan would later explain during his induction speech in September 2009, growing up in North Carolina, he was not a fan of the Tar Heels, and greatly admired Thompson, who played at rival North Carolina State. He was inducted into the Hall in September, with several former Bulls teammates in attendance, including Scottie Pippen, Dennis Rodman, Charles Oakley, Ron Harper, Steve Kerr, and Toni Kukoc.[137] Former coaches of Jordan's, Dean Smith and Doug Collins, were also among those present.
Personal life[link]
Jordan is the fourth of five children. He has two older brothers, Larry Jordan and James R. Jordan, Jr., one older sister, Deloris, and a younger sister, Roslyn. Jordan's brother James retired in 2006 as the Command Sergeant Major of the 35th Signal Brigade of the XVIII Airborne Corps in the U.S. Army.[138]
He married Juanita Vanoy in September 1989, and they have two sons, Jeffrey Michael and Marcus James, and a daughter, Jasmine. Jordan and Vanoy filed for divorce on January 4, 2002, citing irreconcilable differences, but reconciled shortly thereafter. They again filed for divorce and were granted a final decree of dissolution of marriage on December 29, 2006, commenting that the decision was made "mutually and amicably".[139][140] It is reported that Juanita received a $168 million settlement, making it the largest celebrity divorce settlement in history at the time on public record.[141]
In 1991, Jordan purchased a lot in Highland Park, Illinois, to build a 56,000 square foot mansion, which was completed four years later.[142] Both of his sons attended Loyola Academy, a private Roman Catholic high school located in Wilmette, Illinois.[143] Jeffrey graduated as a member of the 2007 graduating class and played his first collegiate basketball game on November 11, 2007, for the University of Illinois. After two seasons, Jeffrey left the Illinois basketball team in 2009. He later rejoined the team for a third season,[144][145] then received a release to transfer to the University of Central Florida, where Marcus was attending.[146][147] Marcus transferred to Whitney Young High School after his sophomore year at Loyola Academy and graduated in 2009. He began attending UCF in the fall of 2009.[148]
On July 21, 2006, a Cook County, Illinois judge determined that Jordan did not owe his alleged former lover Karla Knafel $5 million.[149] Jordan had allegedly paid Knafel $250,000 to keep their relationship a secret.[150][151][152] Knafel claimed Jordan promised her $5 million for remaining silent and agreeing not to file a paternity suit after Knafel learned she was pregnant in 1991. A DNA test showed Jordan was not the father of the child.[149]
Jordan's private jet features a stripe in North Carolina blue, the "Air Jordan" logo on the tail, and references to his career in the identification number.[153] He proposed to his long time girlfriend, Cuban-American model Yvette Prieto, on Christmas Eve, 2011, and is engaged to be married.[154] He listed his Highland Park mansion for sale in 2012.[142]
Media figure and business interests[link]
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Jordan is one of the most marketed sports figures in history. He has been a major spokesman for such brands as Nike, Coca-Cola, Chevrolet, Gatorade, McDonald's, Ball Park Franks, Rayovac, Wheaties, Hanes, and MCI.[155] Jordan has had a long relationship with Gatorade, appearing in over 20 commercials for the company since 1991, including the "Like Mike" commercials in which a song was sung by children wishing to be like Jordan.[155][156]
Nike created a signature shoe for him, called the Air Jordan. One of Jordan's more popular commercials for the shoe involved Spike Lee playing the part of Mars Blackmon. In the commercials Lee, as Blackmon, attempted to find the source of Jordan's abilities and became convinced that "it's gotta be the shoes".[155] The hype and demand for the shoes even brought on a spate of "shoe-jackings" where people were robbed of their sneakers at gunpoint. Subsequently Nike spun off the Jordan line into its own division named the "Jordan Brand". The company features an impressive list of athletes and celebrities as endorsers.[157][158] The brand has also sponsored college sports programs such as those of North Carolina, Cincinnati, Cal, St. John's, Georgetown, and North Carolina A&T.
Jordan also has been associated with the Looney Tunes cartoon characters. A Nike commercial shown during the 1993 Super Bowl XXVII featured Jordan and Bugs Bunny playing basketball against a group of Martian characters.[159] The Super Bowl commercial inspired the 1996 live action/animated movie Space Jam, which starred Jordan and Bugs in a fictional story set during his first retirement.[160] They have subsequently appeared together in several commercials for MCI.[160]
Jordan's yearly income from the endorsements is estimated to be over forty million dollars.[161][162] In addition, when Jordan's power at the ticket gates was at its highest point the Bulls regularly sold out every game they played in, whether home or away.[163] Due to this, Jordan set records in player salary by signing annual contracts worth in excess of US $30 million per season.[164] An academic study found that Jordan’s first NBA comeback resulted in an increase in the market capitalization of his client firms of more than $1 billion.[165]
Most of Jordan's endorsement deals, including the first deal with Nike, were engineered by his agent, David Falk.[166] Jordan has said of Falk that "he's the best at what he does", and that "marketing-wise, he's great. He's the one who came up with the concept of 'Air Jordan.'"[167]
In June 2010, Jordan was ranked by Forbes Magazine as the 20th most powerful celebrity in the world with $55 million earned between June 2009 and June 2010. According to the Forbes article, Jordan Brand generates $1 billion in sales for Nike.[168]
Honors and awards[link]
Main article: List of career achievements by Michael Jordan
Jordan won numerous awards and set many records during his career. The following are some of his achievements:[1][169][170]
- Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame Class of 2009
- 2 Olympic Gold Medals – 1984, 1992
- 6× NBA Champion
- 6× NBA Finals MVP
- 5× NBA MVP
- 10 NBA Scoring Titles
- 3× steals leader
- 3× minutes leader
- 14 NBA All-Star Selections
- 3× NBA All-Star Game MVP
- 11 All-NBA Selections
- 9 All-Defensive First Team Selections
- 2× NBA Slam Dunk Contest Champion – 1987, 1988
- NBA Rookie of the Year – 1984–85
- NBA Defensive Player of the Year – 1987–88
- NCAA National Championship – University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill: 1981–82
- ACC Freshman of the Year – 1981–82
- 2× Consensus NCAA All-American First Team – 1982–83, 1983–84
- ACC Men's Basketball Player of the Year – 1983–84
- USBWA College Player of the Year – 1983–84
- Naismith College Player of the Year – 1983–84
- John R. Wooden Award – 1983–84
- Adolph Rupp Trophy – 1983–84
- Sports Illustrated Sportsman of the Year – 1991
- Named one of the 50 Greatest Players in NBA History in 1996
- Ranked No.1 by SLAM Magazine's Top 50 Players of All-Time
- Ranked No.1 by ESPN Sportscentury's Top 100 Athletes of the 20th century
- Elected to North Carolina Sports Hall of Fame
See also[link]
- Michael Jordan statue
- Michael Jordan Steakhouse
- Michael Jordan's Restaurant
- Michael Jordan: Chaos in the Windy City
- Michael Jordan in Flight
- NBA 2K11
- NBA 2K12
References[link]
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- ^ Jordan Brand Donates $500,000 to Boys and Girls Club in Louisiana, Reuters, February 14, 2008. Retrieved July 28, 2008.
- ^ Michael Jordan to Become Part Owner of the Charlotte Bobcats, nba.com, June 15, 2006. Retrieved January 15, 2007.
- ^ Associated Press. Jordan writes state of Bobcats letter to fans, espn.com, June 15, 2006. Retrieved February 21, 2007.
- ^ Michael Jordan & Charlotte Bobcats – NBA Legend Wants to Buy Team, Report, National Ledger, February 16, 2010, accessed Feb 17, 2010.
- ^ Associated Press. MJ to buy controlling stake in Bobcats, ESPN, February 27, 2010. Retrieved February 27, 2010.
- ^ Associated Press. Jordan purchase of Bobcats approved, ESPN.com, March 17, 2010. Retrieved March 17, 2010.
- ^ Beck, Howard (November 5, 2011). "Hard-Line Factions Threaten Latest N.B.A. Negotiations". The New York Times: p. D7. Archived from the original on November 7, 2011. http://www.webcitation.org/630p6jgPe.
- ^ a b Whitlock, Jason (November 5, 2011). "MJ sells out players with hard-line stance". FoxSports.com (Fox Sports Interactive Media). Archived from the original on November 7, 2011. http://www.webcitation.org/630qCZe0Z.
- ^ DeCourcy, Mike. "A suspension for talking trash? Mamma mia!", sportingnews.com, July 21, 2006. Retrieved January 16, 2007.
- ^ Jackson, Phil. "Michael and Me", Inside Stuff, June/July 1998, available at nba.com. Retrieved January 16, 2007.
- ^ Donnelly, Sally B. "Great Leapin' Lizards! Michael Jordan Can't Actually Fly, But", Time Magazine, January 9, 1989. Retrieved March 7, 2007.
- ^ Career Leaders for Free Throw Attempts, basketball-reference.com, accessed May 16, 2008.
- ^ Brown, Hubie. Hubie Brown on Jordan, nba.com. Retrieved January 15, 2007.
- ^ Ladewski, Paul. What Does He Do for an Encore?, Hoop Magazine, December 1987, available at nba.com. Retrieved January 16, 2007.
- ^ Career Leaders for Steals, basketball-reference.com, accessed May 23, 2008.
- ^ a b Michael Jordan: A tribute: Praise from his peers, NBA's 50 greatest sing MJ's praises, sportsillustrated.cnn.com, February 1, 1999. Retrieved January 15, 2007.
- ^ Sachare, Alex. Go-Two Guys, Hoop Magazine, June 1996. Retrieved February 12, 2009.
- ^ All-Time Playoffs Individual Career Leaders, nba.com. Retrieved March 5, 2007.
- ^ a b Career Points, databasebasketball.com. Retrieved January 16, 2007.
- ^ Top N. American athletes of the century, espn.com, accessed May 3, 2007.
- ^ Associated Press. Top 100 athletes of the 20th century, USA Today, December 21, 1999. Retrieved March 15, 2007.
- ^ AP Basketball Player of the Century, lubbockonline.com, December 11, 1999. Retrieved January 18, 2008.
- ^ Gagliano, Rick. Magazine of the Week Sports Illustrated, dtmagazine.com, September 28, 2006. Retrieved January 16, 2007.
- ^ "Final Out: 1996", Sport, volume 90, issue 7, July 1999, pg. 96.
- ^ a b c Hubbard, Jan. Michael Jordan interview, Hoop Magazine, April 1997, via nba.com. Retrieved March 6, 2007.
- ^ Fitzpatrick, Curry. "In An Orbit All His Own", Sports Illustrated, November 9, 1987. Retrieved March 6, 2007.
- ^ Associated Press. James says he'll decide his future soon, sportsillustrated.cnn.com, April 16, 2003. Retrieved April 22, 2007.
- ^ Ginsbrug, Steve. "Wade scoffs at Jordan comparisons", Reuters, June 21, 2006, accessed March 3, 2011.
- ^ Stein, Mark. Kobe, Hill deal with being the next Michael, espn.com, October 29, 2001. Retrieved March 6, 2007.
- ^ Isidore, Chris. The next 'next Jordan', money.cnn.com, June 23, 2006. Retrieved March 6, 2007.
- ^ Araton, Harvey. "Sports of The Times; Will James Be the Next Jordan or the Next Carter?", The New York Times, December 28, 2005. Retrieved April 8, 2008.
- ^ a b Rovell, Darren. NBA could cash in if TV ratings soar with Jordan, espn.com, September 23, 2001. Retrieved March 10, 2007.
- ^ a b Helfand, Lewis. The NBA After Jordan: Is There Hope?, askmen.com. Retrieved March 10, 2007.
- ^ "Hall opens a Jordan exhibit", The New York Times (August 3, 2009), pg. D5
- ^ Spears, Marc J. "Thompson to open Hall's doors for Jordan", Yahoo! Sports, September 7, 2009. Retrieved May 3, 2012.
- ^ Smith, Sam. Jordan makes a Hall of Fame address, nba.com, September 12, 2009. Retrieved October 31, 2009.
- ^ Associated Press, Michael Jordan's big brother ends Army career, charlotte.com, May 16, 2006. Retrieved April 18, 2008.
- ^ Associated Press. Jordan, wife end marriage 'mutually, amicably', espn.com, December 30, 2006. Retrieved January 15, 2007.
- ^ Michael Jordan, Wife to Divorce After 17 Years, people.com, December 30, 2006. Retrieved January 15, 2007.
- ^ Forbes: Michael Jordan's Divorce Most Costly Ever, foxnews.com, accessed May 24, 2007.
- ^ a b Rodkin, Dennis. "Michael Jordan Lists Highland Park Mansion for $29 Million", Chicago Magazine, February 29, 2012. Retrieved May 16, 2012.
- ^ Associated Press. Heir Jordan out to prove he can play like Mike, nbcsports.msnbc.com, July 9, 2005. Retrieved April 9, 2008.
- ^ Associated Press. Jeff Jordan prepares for life after hoops, ESPN, June 24, 2009. Retrieved August 28, 2009.
- ^ Jordan Returns to Illini, Illinois Fighting Illini, October 16, 2009. Retrieved February 7, 2010.
- ^ Associated Press. Jordan’s Career at Illinois Ends, New York Times, May 21, 2010, accessed on May 22, 2010.
- ^ Jeffrey Jordan lands at Central Florida, ESPN, June 1, 2010. Retrieved December 14, 2010.
- ^ Weir, Tom. "Second Jordan son headed to Division-I, at UCF", USA Today, April 7, 2009. Retrieved December 24, 2011.
- ^ a b Associated Press. "Judge says Jordan not obligated to pay ex-lover", usatoday.com, June 12, 2003. Retrieved January 16, 2007.
- ^ Associated Press. "Judge: Alleged deal between Jordan, ex-lover invalid", espn.com, July 22, 2006. Retrieved March 3, 2011,
- ^ Jordan's former girlfriend shouldn't get another cent, usatoday.com, November 25, 2002. Retrieved February 12, 2009.
- ^ Jordan's Ex-Lover Counters With $5 Million Lawsuit, whiotv.com, November 19, 2002. Retrieved February 12, 2009.
- ^ Dwyer, Kelly. "Michael Jordan’s personalized private plane", Yahoo! Sports, October 6, 2011, accessed on October 7, 2011.
- ^ Troop, Caleb. "Bobcats owner Michael Jordan is engaged", WCNC-TV, December 29, 2011, accessed on January 9, 2012.
- ^ a b c Rovell, Darren. "Jordan's 10 greatest commercials ever", espn.com, February 17, 2003. Retrieved January 16, 2007.
- ^ Vancil, Mark. "Michael Jordan: Phenomenon", Hoop Magazine, December 1991. Retrieved March 7, 2007.
- ^ "Michael Jordan", forbes.com. Retrieved February 23, 2007.
- ^ Team Jordan, nike.com. Retrieved June 9, 2008.
- ^ Sandomir, Richard. SUPER BOWL XXVII; Where the Roman Numerals Dance With the Dollar Signs, The New York Times, January 31, 1993, February 11, 2009.
- ^ a b Port, David L. Michael Jordan: A Biography, Greenwood Publishing Group 2007. ISBN 0-313-33767-5
- ^ A Multiple Product Endorser can be a Credible Source, Redenbach, Andrew. Cyber-Journal of Sport Marketing, February 2, 2009
- ^ #18 Michael Jordan, forbes.com. Retrieved February 16, 2009.
- ^ Rovell, Darren. "Cashing in on the ultimate cash cow", espn.com, April 15, 2003. Retrieved January 16, 2007.
- ^ "Michael Jordan signs deal with Bulls worth more than $30 million", Jet Magazine, September 15, 1997, available at findarticles.com, accessed May 9, 2008.
- ^ Mathur, Lynette Knowles, Ike Mathur and Nanda Rangan. "The Wealth Effects Associated with a Celebrity Endorser: The Michael Jordan Phenomenon." Journal of Advertising Research, May, 67–73, 1997.
- ^ Powell, Shaun. "Executive privilege – sports agent David Falk", The Sporting News, March 29, 1999, available online at findarticles.com. Retrieved July 25, 2007.
- ^ "Making Millions for NBA Stars: the High-Powered World of Super Agents David Falk, Curtis Polk and Mike Higgins", cigaraficionado.com. Retrieved June 22, 2007.
- ^ "#20 Michael Jordan". Forbes, 2010. Retrieved September 8, 2010.
- ^ Jordan's Streak Crashes and Burns at Indy, nba.com, December 27, 2002. Retrieved March 3, 2007.
- ^ Cover of December 23, 1991 issue of Sports Illustrated sportsillustrated.cnn.com, December 23, 1991. Retrieved January 16, 2007.
Further reading[link]
- Leahy, Michael (2004), When Nothing Else Matters: Michael Jordan's Last Comeback, Simon & Schuster, ISBN 0-7432-7648-5, http://books.google.ca/books?id=ZU7w5B0aQ1gC&lpg=PP1&dq=Michael%20Jordan&pg=PP1#v=onepage&q&f=true
- McGovern, Mike (2005), Michael Jordan: basketball player, Ferguson, ISBN 0816058768, http://books.google.ca/books?id=MeMJFgU_gFkC&lpg=PP1&dq=Michael%20Jordan&pg=PP1#v=onepage&q&f=true
- Porter, David L (2007), Michael Jordan: a biography, Greenwood Press, ISBN 0313337675, http://books.google.ca/books?id=aQ84ViBNkYwC&lpg=PR1&dq=Michael%20Jordan&pg=PR1#v=onepage&q&f=true
External links[link]
 |
Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to: Michael Jordan |
|
Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Michael Jordan |
- Michael Jordan biography at NBA Encyclopedia
- Career statistics and player information from NBA.com, or Basketball-Reference.com
- Michael Jordan at the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame
- Michael Jordan's Hall of Fame induction speech
- Michael Jordan at DatabaseBasketball.com
- Michael Jordan at the Internet Movie Database
- Michael Jordan Motorsports
- Career statistics and player information from The Baseball Cube, or Baseball-Reference (Minors)
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| Persondata | |
|---|---|
| Name | Jordan, Michael Jeffrey |
| Alternative names | MJ; Air Jordan |
| Short description | Professional National Basketball Association player and businessman |
| Date of birth | February 17, 1963 |
| Place of birth | Brooklyn, New York, United States |
| Date of death | |
| Place of death | |
http://wn.com/Michael_Jordan
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_Jordan
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
For the American political commentator, see William Kristol.
| Billy Crystal | |
|---|---|
 Crystal at the 2012 Tribeca Film Festival |
|
| Birth name | William Edward Crystal |
| Born | (1948-03-14) March 14, 1948 (age 64) New York, New York, U.S. |
| Nationality | American |
| Years active | 1975–present |
| Spouse | Janice Goldfinger (1970–present) |
| Emmy Awards | |
| Performance in Special Events 1989 The 31st Annual Grammy Awards Writing in a Variety or Music Program 1990 Midnight Train to Moscow 1991 The 63rd Annual Academy Awards 1992 The 64th Annual Academy Awards Individual Performance in a Variety or Music Program 1991 The 63rd Annual Academy Awards 1998 The 70th Annual Academy Awards |
|
| American Comedy Awards | |
| Funniest Actor in a Motion Picture (Leading Role) 1989 When Harry Met Sally... 1991 City Slickers Funniest Male Performer in a TV Special (Leading or Supporting) Network, Cable or Syndication 1991 The 63rd Annual Academy Award 1992 The 64th Annual Academy Award 1993 The 65th Annual Academy Award 1998 The 70th Annual Academy Award Creative Achievement Award 1993 |
|
William Edward "Billy" Crystal[1] (born March 14, 1948) is an American actor, writer, producer, comedian, and film director. He gained prominence in the 1970s for playing Jodie Dallas on the ABC sitcom Soap and became a Hollywood film star during the late 1980s and 1990s, appearing in the critical and box office successes When Harry Met Sally... and City Slickers. He has hosted the Academy Awards nine times, including the 84th Academy Awards in 2012.[2]
Contents |
Early life[link]
Crystal was born in the Doctor's Hospital in Manhattan and raised on Long Island in Long Beach, the son of Helen (née Gabler), a housewife, and Jack Crystal, a record company executive and jazz producer who also owned and operated the Commodore Record store.[3][4] His babysitter was occasionally Billie Holiday. His uncle was musician and songwriter Milt Gabler, and his brother, Richard "Rip" Crystal, is a television producer. Crystal grew up in a Jewish family that he has described as "large" and "loving".[5]
After graduation from Long Beach High School, Crystal attended Marshall University in Huntington, West Virginia on a baseball scholarship, having learned the game from his father, who pitched for St. John's University. Crystal never played a game at Marshall because the program was suspended during his freshman year, and because he was too busy being the Editor in Chief of The BG News from 1969–70.[6] He did not return to Marshall as a sophomore, staying back in New York with his future wife. He instead attended Nassau Community College and later New York University, where he graduated in 1970 with a BFA from its Tisch School of the Arts.[7]
Career[link]
Television[link]
Crystal returned to New York City and performed regularly at The Improv and Catch a Rising Star. He studied film and television direction under Martin Scorsese at New York University. In 1976, Crystal appeared on an episode of All in the Family. He was on the dais for The Dean Martin Celebrity Roast of Muhammad Ali on February 19, 1976, where he did impressions of both Ali and sportscaster Howard Cosell. He was scheduled to appear on the first episode of NBC Saturday Night (later renamed Saturday Night Live) (October 11, 1975), but his sketch was cut.[8] He did do a stand-up bit later in that first season as Bill Crystal, on the April 17, 1976, episode; the "Can you dig it? I knew that you could." portion of which was repeatedly quoted by characters in the 1977 feature film Saturday Night Fever.
Crystal's earliest prominent role was as Jodie Dallas on Soap, one of the first unambiguously homosexual characters in the cast of an American television series. He continued in the role during the series' entire 1977–1981 run.
In 1982, Billy Crystal hosted his own variety show, The Billy Crystal Comedy Hour on NBC. It lasted five episodes.
After hosting Saturday Night Live in 1984, he joined the regular cast.[8] His most famous recurring sketch was his parody of Fernando Lamas, Fernando, a smarmy talk show host whose catchphrase, "You look... mahvelous!," became a media sensation.[8] Crystal subsequently released an album of his stand-up material titled Mahvelous! in 1985, as well as the single "You Look Marvelous", which peaked at No. 58 on the Billboard Hot 100 during the same year. Also in the 1980s, Crystal starred in an episode of Shelley Duvall's Faerie Tale Theatre as the smartest of the three little pigs.
In 1996, Crystal was the guest star of the third episode of Muppets Tonight.
Billy Crystal hosted three Grammy Awards Telecasts: the 29th Grammys; the 30th Grammys; and the 31st Grammys.
Acting in film and hosting the Oscars[link]
Crystal's first film role was in Joan Rivers's 1978 film Rabbit Test. Crystal also made game show appearances such as The Hollywood Squares, All Star Secrets and The $20,000 Pyramid. He holds the record for getting his contestant partner to the top of the pyramid in winner's circle in the fastest time, 26 seconds.
Crystal appeared briefly in Rob Reiner's 1984 "rockumentary" This Is Spinal Tap as Morty The Mime, a waiter dressed as a mime at one of Spinal Tap's parties. He shared the scene with a then-unknown, non-speaking Dana Carvey. Crystal's line in the film was "Mime is money." He later starred in the action comedy Running Scared (1986). Reiner directed Crystal again in The Princess Bride (1987).
Reiner directed Crystal for a third time in the classic romantic comedy When Harry Met Sally... (1989), for which Crystal was nominated for a Golden Globe. Crystal then starred in the buddy comedy City Slickers (1991), which proved very successful both commercially and critically and for which Crystal was nominated for his second Golden Globe.
Following the success of these films, Crystal wrote, directed, and starred in Mr. Saturday Night (1992) and Forget Paris (1995). In the former, Crystal played a serious role in aging makeup, as an egotistical comedian who reflects back on his career. He directed the made-for-television movie 61* (2001) based on Roger Maris's and Mickey Mantle's race to break Babe Ruth's single-season home run record in 1961. This earned Crystal an Emmy nomination for Outstanding Directing for a Miniseries, Movie or a Special.
Crystal has continued working in film, including Analyze This (1999) and Analyze That (2002) with Robert De Niro, and in the English version of Howl's Moving Castle as the voice of Calcifer. He was originally asked to provide the voice of Buzz Lightyear in Toy Story (1995) but turned it down, a decision he later regretted due to the popularity of the series.[8] Crystal later went on to provide the voice of Mike Wazowski in the Pixar film Monsters, Inc. (2001), which was nominated for the inaugural Best Animated Feature Oscar.
Crystal hosted the Academy Awards broadcast in 1990–1993, 1997, 1998, 2000, 2004 and 2012; and he reportedly turned down hosting the 2006 ceremony to concentrate on his one-man show, 700 Sundays. He returned as emcee for the 2012 Oscar ceremony, after Eddie Murphy backed out of hosting.[9] His nine times as the M.C. is second only to Bob Hope's 18 in most ceremonies hosted. At the 83rd Academy Awards ceremony in 2011, he appeared as a presenter for a digitally inserted Bob Hope and before doing so was given a standing ovation. Film critic Roger Ebert said when Crystal came onstage about two hours into the show, he got the first laughs of the broadcast.[10] Crystal's hosting gigs have regularly included an introductory video segment in which he comedically inserts himself into scenes of that year's films in addition to a song following his opening monologue.
Broadway[link]
Crystal won the 2005 Tony Award for Best Special Theatrical Event for 700 Sundays, a two-act, one-man play, which he conceived and wrote about his parents and his childhood growing up on Long Island.[8] He toured the U.S. with the show in 2006 and Australia in 2007.
Following the initial success of the play, Crystal wrote the book 700 Sundays for Warner Books, which was published on October 31, 2005. In conjunction with the book and the play that also paid tribute to his uncle, Milt Gabler, Crystal produced two CD compilations: Billy Crystal Presents: The Milt Gabler Story, which featured his uncle's most influential recordings from Billie Holiday's "Strange Fruit" to "Rock Around the Clock" by Bill Haley & His Comets; and Billy Remembers Billie featuring Crystal's favorite Holiday recordings.
Philanthropy[link]
In 1986, Crystal started hosting Comic Relief on HBO with Robin Williams and Whoopi Goldberg.[8] Founded by Bob Zmuda, Comic Relief raises money for homeless people in the United States.
On September 6, 2005, on The Tonight Show with Jay Leno, Crystal and Jay Leno were the first celebrities to sign a Harley-Davidson motorcycle to be auctioned off for Gulf Coast relief.[11]
Crystal has participated in the Simon Wiesenthal Center Museum of Tolerance in Los Angeles. Portraying himself in a video, Crystal introduces museum guests to the genealogy wing of the museum.
Crystal is a Los Angeles Clippers fan.
New York baseball[link]
On March 12, 2008, Crystal signed a minor league contract, for a single day, to play with the New York Yankees, and was invited to the team's major league spring training. He wore uniform number 60, in honor of his upcoming 60th birthday.[12] On March 13, in a spring training game against the Pittsburgh Pirates, Crystal led off as the designated hitter. He managed to make contact, fouling a fastball up the first base line, but was eventually struck out by Pirates pitcher Paul Maholm on 6 pitches and was later replaced in the batting order by Johnny Damon.[13] He was released on March 14, his 60th birthday.[14]
Crystal's boyhood idol was Yankee Hall of Fame legend Mickey Mantle who had signed a program for him when Crystal attended a game where Mantle had hit a homerun. Years later on The Dinah Shore Show, in one of his first television appearances, Crystal met Mantle in person and had Mantle re-sign the same program. Crystal would be good friends with Mickey Mantle until Mantle's death in 1995.
Crystal also was well known for his impressions of Yankee Hall of Famer turned broadcaster Phil Rizzuto. Rizzuto, known for his quirks calling games, did not travel to Anaheim, California in 1996 to call the game for WPIX. Instead, Crystal joined the broadcasters in the booth and pretended to be Rizzuto for a few minutes during the August 31 game.
Although a life-long Yankee fan,[15] he is a part-owner of the Arizona Diamondbacks, even earning a World Series ring in 2001 when the Diamondbacks beat his beloved Yankees.[16]
In the movie City Slickers, Crystal wears a New York Mets baseball cap.
Personal life[link]
Billy Crystal and his wife Janice (née: Goldfinger) married in June 1970, and have two daughters, actress Jennifer and producer Lindsay, and are now grandparents.[17] They reside in Pacific Palisades, California.[18]
Awards[link]
In addition to his Golden Globe Award-nominations, Emmy Awards, and Tony Award, Crystal won the Drama Desk Award for Outstanding One-Person Show for 700 Sundays and received the Mark Twain Prize for American Humor in 2007.[19]
Filmography[link]
| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1977–1981 | Soap | Jodie Dallas | TV series |
| 1977 | SST: Death Flight | David | |
| 1978 | Rabbit Test | Lionel Carpenter | |
| Human Feelings | Angel | Made for TV | |
| 1980 | Animalympics | Lodge Turkell | Voice |
| 1984 | This Is Spinal Tap | Morty the Mime | |
| 1986 | Running Scared | Danny Constanzo | |
| 1987 | The Princess Bride | Miracle Max | |
| Throw Momma from the Train | Larry Donner | ||
| 1988 | Memories of Me | Abbie | Writer/Producer |
| 1989 | When Harry Met Sally... | Harry Burns | American Comedy Award for Funniest Actor in a Motion Picture Nominated — Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture Musical or Comedy |
| 1991 | City Slickers | Mitch Robbins | Executive Producer American Comedy Award for Funniest Actor in a Motion Picture MTV Movie Award for Best Comedic Performance Nominated — Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture Musical or Comedy |
| 1992 | Horton Hatches the Egg | Narrator | Voice |
| Mr. Saturday Night | Buddy Young, Jr. | Writer/Director/Producer Nominated — Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture Musical or Comedy |
|
| 1994 | City Slickers II: The Legend of Curly's Gold | Mitch Robbins | Writer/Producer |
| 1995 | Forget Paris | Mickey Gordon | Writer/Director/Producer |
| 1996 | Muppets Tonight | Himself | Guest star on third episode |
| Hamlet | First Gravedigger | ||
| 1997 | Deconstructing Harry | Larry | |
| Fathers' Day | Jack Lawrence | ||
| Friends | The Gynecologist (with Robin Williams) | TV Series | |
| 1998 | My Giant | Sam 'Sammy' Kamin | Writer/Producer |
| 1999 | Analyze This | Dr. Ben Sobel | Executive Producer |
| 2000 | The Adventures of Rocky and Bullwinkle | Mattress salesman | Uncredited |
| 2001 | 61* | Director | |
| America's Sweethearts | Lee Phillips | Writer/Producer | |
| Monsters, Inc. | Michael "Mike" Wazowski | Voice | |
| 2002 | Mike's New Car | Mike Wazowski | Short Film Subject Voice |
| Analyze That | Dr. Ben Sobel | Executive Producer | |
| 2004 | Howl's Moving Castle | Calcifer | Voice |
| 2005 | Dinotopia: Quest for the Ruby Sunstone | Karl Scott | Voice |
| 2006 | Cars | Mike Car | Voice |
| 2009 | Make 'Em Laugh: The Funny Business Of America | Host | |
| 2010 | Tooth Fairy | Jerry | Uncredited |
| Planet Sheen | Soldier Joagth | Voice Episode: What's Up Chock? |
|
| 2011 | The Muppets | Himself | Scenes cut |
| 2012 | Parental Guidance | Artie Decker | To be released November 12, 2012 |
| 2013 | Monsters University | Mike Wazowski | Voice |
[edit] Saturday Night Live
Characters[link]
- Al Minkman, a shady businessman
- Fernando, host of Fernando's Hideaway, a celebrity interview show; based on actor Fernando Lamas
- Buddy Young, Jr. (an insult comic who appears on Weekend Update)
- Lew Goldman
- Ricky, a bowler
- Tony Minetti, a butcher
- Willie, a man who, along with his friend, Frankie (played by Christopher Guest), discuss their masochistic tendencies
Impersonations[link]
- Fernando Lamas
- Howard Cosell
- Muhammad Ali
- John F. Kennedy
- Joe Franklin
- Hervé Villechaize
- Joe Garagiola
- Adam Ant
- Prince
- Sammy Davis, Jr.
- Phil Rizzuto
Bibliography[link]
- Crystal, Billy (2004). I Already Know I Love You. New York: HarperCollins. ISBN 0-06-059391-1. A children's book.
- Crystal, Billy (2006). Grandpa's Little One. New York: HarperCollins. ISBN 978-0-06-078173-6. A children's book.
- Crystal, Billy (2005). 700 Sundays. New York: Warner Books. ISBN 0-446-57867-3. Crystal's memoirs with his father.
References[link]
- ^ On page 17 of his book, 700 Sundays, Crystal displays his birth announcement, which states that his full name is "William Edward", not "William Jacob" Crystal, Billy (October 2005). 700 Sundays. p. 17. ISBN 0-446-57867-3.
- ^ "The Mud Doctor: Oscar Update: Billy Crystal Officially In as Oscar Host". Themuddoctor.blogspot.com. 2011-11-10. http://themuddoctor.blogspot.com/2011/11/oscar-update-billy-crystal-officially.html. Retrieved 2012-04-10.
- ^ "Billy Crystal Biography". filmreference.com. http://www.filmreference.com/film/61/Billy-Crystal.html. Retrieved January 16, 2008.
- ^ Kane, Joe. "Jack Crystal: A Man To Remember". Allaboutjazz. http://www.allaboutjazz.com/articles/arti0102_03.htm. Retrieved January 16, 2008.
- ^ 700 Sundays by Billy CrystalBraver, Rita (November 6, 2005). "Life Is Short, Laugh Hard". CBS News. http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2005/11/06/sunday/main1015865.shtml.
- ^ "Billy Crystal | Hollywood Walk of Fame". Walkoffame.com. http://www.walkoffame.com/billy-crystal. Retrieved 2012-04-10.
- ^ "Billy Crystal Biography". Yahoo! Movies. http://movies.yahoo.com/movie/contributor/1800015850/bio. Retrieved January 16, 2008.
- ^ a b c d e f Lipton, James (host) (October 8, 2007). "Billy Crystal, 2nd Visit". Inside the Actors Studio. episode 1307. season 13. Bravo. http://www.bravotv.com/Inside_the_Actors_Studio/guest/Billy_Crystal_-_2nd_Visit.
- ^ "Billy Crystal to return as host for 84th Academy Awards". Tvbythenumbers.zap2it.com. http://tvbythenumbers.zap2it.com/2011/11/10/billy-crystal-to-return-as-host-for-84th-academy-awards/110348/?utm_campaign=WP. Retrieved 2012-04-10.
- ^ "Oscars: "King" wins, show loses". Chicago Sun-Times. http://rogerebert.suntimes.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20110227/OSCARS/110229986.
- ^ "Leno's autographed bike raises $500,000". USAToday. Associated Press. September 30, 2005. http://www.usatoday.com/life/television/news/2005-09-30-leno-bike_x.htm.
- ^ "Billy Crystal to sign contract with Yankees". Yahoo. March 10, 2008. http://sports.yahoo.com/mlb/news;_ylt=ApQysfnqvYEYnzAzS7waMwc5nYcB?slug=ap-yankees-crystal&prov=ap&type=lgns.
- ^ By Chris Girandola / Special to MLB.com. "Crystal strikes out in only at-bat". Newyork.yankees.mlb.com. http://newyork.yankees.mlb.com/news/article.jsp?ymd=20080313&content_id=2423946&vkey=spt2008news&fext=.jsp&c_id=nyy. Retrieved 2012-05-04.
- ^ "Yankees release Billy Crystal on 61st birthday - Baseball". Nbcsports.msnbc.com. March 14, 2008. http://www.nbcsports.msnbc.com/id/23566549/. Retrieved November 3, 2008.
- ^ Crystal, Billy (April 19, 2009). "Feeling Lonely Behind the Facade". The New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/2009/04/19/sports/baseball/19crystal.html?_r=1&8dpc. Retrieved March 26, 2010.
- ^ "Billy Crystal Strikes Out in New Career". The Insider. March 14, 2008. http://www.theinsider.com/news/727182_Billy_Crystal_Strikes_Out_in_New_Career. Retrieved December 6, 2009.
- ^ Lee, Sandra Y.. ""Celebrity Parents: Billy Crystal"". Parents.com. http://www.parents.com/parenting/celebrity-parents/celebrity-parents-billy-crystal/. Retrieved 2012-05-04.
- ^ "Having Struggled From Warm-Up Act to Headliner: BILLY CRYSTAL". Time. October 19, 1992. http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,976793,00.html.
- ^ Trescott, Jacqueline (May 2, 2007). "Billy Crystal, Clearly Funny". The Washington Post. http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/05/01/AR2007050101252.html.
External links[link]
- Billy Crystal at the Internet Movie Database
- Billy Crystal appears on Michael Eisner's talkshow on CNBC
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| Persondata | |
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| Name | Crystal, Billy |
| Alternative names | Crystal, William Edward |
| Short description | |
| Date of birth | 1948-3-14 |
| Place of birth | New York City |
| Date of death | |
| Place of death | |
http://wn.com/Billy_Crystal
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This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
Dream Team in sport, often only as a nickname, may refer to:
- The roster of the 1992 United States men's Olympic basketball team in Barcelona
- Brazil men's national volleyball team under coach Bernardo Rezende since 2002
- FIFA Dream Team, an all-time all-star football team published by FIFA in 2004
- The Puerto Rico national baseball team in the 1995 Caribbean Series
- An era (1991–1994), in the history of FC Barcelona, a Spanish football club
- The Philippines national basketball team in the 1990 Asian Games
- The Dream Team (professional wrestling), professional wrestling tag-team in the World Wrestling Federation 1985–1987
- Dramatic Dream Team, Japanese professional wrestling promotion
- Super League Dream Team, award for players in the European rugby Super League
- Dream Team Australian rules football team, that represented the States and territories of Australia other than Victoria in the AFL Hall of Fame Tribute Match
- AFL Dream Team, a notable online competition for supporters run by the Australian Football League
Dream Team in television and film may refer to:
- Dream Team (TV series), a British television series
- The Dream Team (film), a 1989 American comedy film
- Dream Team (The Office) an episode of the American television series The Office
- The Dream Team (Entourage Episode), an episode of Entourage
- Let's Go Dream Team! Season 2, a Korean television series
Dream Team may also refer to:
- Dream Team (theater), a Stage Management Team located in Terre Haute, IN that worked on shows including Real Girls Can't Win, 1,001 Arabian Nights, and Bad Dates
- Dream Team (comics), a fictional group of Marvel Comics superheroes
- The Dream Team (warez), a cracking/releasing warez group for the IBM PC active 1989–1996
- LA Dream Team, American hip-hop act
- Nickname for the defense legal team in the O. J. Simpson murder case
 |
This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the same title. If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. |
http://wn.com/Dream_Team
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dream_Team
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
| Hannibal Lecter | |
|---|---|
| Hannibal Tetralogy character | |
| 300px Anthony Hopkins as Hannibal Lecter in The Silence of the Lambs. |
|
| Created by | Thomas Harris |
| Portrayed by | Brian Cox (Manhunter) Anthony Hopkins (The Silence of the Lambs, Hannibal, Red Dragon) Gaspard Ulliel, Aaran Thomas (child) (Hannibal Rising) |
| Information | |
| Nickname(s) | Hannibal the Cannibal |
| Aliases | Lloyd Wyman Dr. Fell Mr. Closter |
| Gender | Male |
| Occupation | Psychiatrist |
| Title | Dr. Hannibal Lecter / Count Hannibal Lecter VIII |
| Relatives | Mischa Lecter (sister) Count Robert Lecter (uncle) Lady Murasaki (aunt-by-marriage) |
| Nationality | Lithuanian |
Hannibal Lecter M.D. is a fictional character in a series of horror novels by Thomas Harris and in the films adapted from them.
Lecter was introduced in the 1981 thriller novel Red Dragon as a brilliant psychiatrist and cannibalistic serial killer. The novel and its sequel, The Silence of the Lambs, feature Lecter as the secondary antagonist after the two serial killers in both novels. In the third novel, Hannibal, Lecter becomes the main character. His role as the antihero occurs in the fourth novel, Hannibal Rising, which explores his childhood and development into a serial killer.
The first film adapted from the Harris novels was Manhunter (based on Red Dragon) features Brian Cox as Lecter, spelled "Lecktor". In 2002, a second adaptation of Red Dragon was made under the original title, featuring Anthony Hopkins, who had played Lecter in the motion pictures The Silence of the Lambs and Hannibal. Hopkins won an Academy Award for The Silence of the Lambs in 1991. In 2003, Hannibal Lecter (as portrayed by Hopkins) was chosen by the American Film Institute as the #1 movie villain.[1] Empire magazine lists Lecter as the 5th Greatest Movie Character of All Time. [2]
Contents |
Appearances[link]
Novels[link]
Hannibal Lecter is introduced in the 1981 novel Red Dragon as a brilliant psychiatrist and a cannibalistic serial killer. In the backstory, FBI special agent Will Graham initially consulted Lecter about a series of murders before realizing Lecter was the culprit; Lecter realizes that Graham is on to him, sneaks up behind him and stabs him, nearly disemboweling him. Lecter is found guilty and incarcerated in the Baltimore State Hospital for the Criminally Insane, under the care of Dr. Frederick Chilton, who Lecter despises. Some years later, Graham comes out of retirement and consults Lecter in order to catch another serial killer, Francis Dolarhyde, known by the nickname "The Tooth Fairy". Through the classifieds of a tabloid, The National Tattler, Lecter provides Dolarhyde with Graham's home address, enabling him to disfigure Graham and attempt to kill his family. At the end of the novel, he sends Graham a note saying that he hopes Graham isn't "too ugly".
In the 1988 sequel The Silence of the Lambs, Lecter assists an FBI agent-in-training named Clarice Starling in catching a serial killer known as "Buffalo Bill". Lecter and Starling form an unusual relationship in which he provides her with a profile of the killer and his modus operandi in exchange for details about her unhappy childhood. Lecter had previously met Buffalo Bill, the former lover of his patient (and eventual victim) Benjamin Raspail; he keeps this information to himself, however, preferring to give Starling information in the form of clues and riddles designed to help her figure it out for herself. Lecter eventually stages a dramatic, bloody escape from captivity and disappears. While in hiding, he writes one letter to Starling wishing her well, and another to Chilton swearing gruesome revenge. (Chilton disappears soon afterward.)
In the third novel, 1999's Hannibal, Lecter lives in Florence, Italy, under an assumed name. The book reveals that one of Lecter's victims survived: Mason Verger, a wealthy, sadistic pedophile whom Lecter mutilated during a therapy session. Verger offers a huge reward for anyone who apprehends Lecter, whom he intends to feed to wild boars. Verger enlists the help of Rinaldo Pazzi, a disgraced Italian police inspector, and Paul Krendler, a corrupt Justice Department official and Starling's boss. Lecter kills Pazzi and returns to the United States to escape Verger's Sardinian henchmen, only to be captured. Starling follows them, intent on apprehending Lecter personally, but is instead also taken captive. After escaping the trap, Lecter convinces Verger's sister Margot to kill her brother as revenge for raping her when they were children, and leaves a voice mail message taking responsibility for the crime. He then rescues the wounded Starling and takes her to his rented lake house to treat her. During her time there he keeps her sedated, attempting to transform her into his dead sister Mischa through a regimen of classical conditioning and mind-altering drugs. One day, he invites her to a formal dinner where the guest and first course is Paul Krendler, whose brain they consume together. On this night, Starling tells Lecter that Mischa's memory can live within him instead of taking her place. She then offers him her breast, and they become lovers. The novel ends three years later with the couple living in Argentina.
Harris wrote a 2006 prequel, Hannibal Rising, after film producer Dino De Laurentiis (who owned the cinematic rights to the Lecter character), announced that he was going to make a film depicting Lecter's childhood and development into a serial killer with or without Harris' help. (Harris would also write the film's screenplay.) The novel chronicles Lecter's early life, from birth into an aristocratic family in Lithuania in 1933, to being orphaned, along with his beloved sister Mischa, in 1944 when a German Stuka bomber attacks a Soviet tank in front of their forest hideaway. Shortly thereafter, Lecter and Mischa are captured by a band of Nazi collaborators, who murder and cannibalize Mischa before her brother's eyes. Irreparably traumatized, Lecter escapes from the deserters and takes up residence in an orphanage, where he is bullied by the other children and abused by the dean. When he turns 16, he is adopted by his uncle Robert and his Japanese wife, Lady Murasaki. After his uncle dies, Lecter forms a close, pseudo-romantic relationship with his step-aunt; during this time he also shows great intellectual aptitude, entering medical school at a young age. Despite his seemingly comfortable life, however, Lecter is consumed by a savage obsession with avenging Mischa's death. He kills for the first time as a teenager, beheading a racist fishmonger who insulted Murasaki. He then methodically tracks down, tortures and murders each of the men who killed his sister, in the process forsaking his relationship with Murasaki and seemingly losing all traces of his humanity. The novel ends with Lecter being accepted into the Johns Hopkins Medical Center.
In film[link]
Brian Cox as Hannibal "Lecktor" in Manhunter. Cox was the first actor to play the character.
Gaspard Ulliel as young Lecter in Hannibal Rising.
Red Dragon was first adapted to film in 1986 as the Michael Mann film Manhunter. Due to copyright issues, the filmmakers changed the spelling of Lecter's name to "Lecktor". He was played by Scottish actor Brian Cox.[3]
In 1991, Orion Pictures produced a Jonathan Demme-directed adaptation of The Silence of the Lambs, in which Lecter was played by Welsh actor Anthony Hopkins. Hopkins' Academy Award–winning performance made Lecter into a cultural icon. In 2001, Hannibal was adapted to film, with Hopkins reprising his role. The ending for the film was changed from the novel due to the controversy that the novel's ending generated upon its release in 1999. In the 2001 film adaptation, Starling attempts to apprehend Lecter, who escapes after cutting off his own hand to free himself from her handcuffs. In 2002, Red Dragon was adapted again, this time under its original title, with Hopkins again as Lecter and Edward Norton as Will Graham.
In late 2006, the script for the film Hannibal Rising was adapted to novel format. The novel was written to explain Lecter's development into a serial killer. In the film, eight-year-old Lecter is portrayed by Aaron Thomas, while Gaspard Ulliel portrays him as a young man. Both the novel and the film received generally negative critical reception.[4]
In television[link]
Main article: Hannibal (TV series)
In February 2012, NBC gave a series order to Hannibal, a television adaptation of Red Dragon to be written and executive-produced by Bryan Fuller.[5] In March 2012, NBC announced that Hugh Dancy had been cast as Will Graham in the series. [6]
Concept and creation[link]
Thomas Harris has given few interviews, and has never explained where he got inspiration for Hannibal Lecter. However, in a making-of documentary for the film version of Hannibal Rising, Lecter's early murders were said to be based on murders that Harris had covered when he was a crime reporter in the 1960s. In 1992, Harris also attended the ongoing trials of Pietro Pacciani, who was suspected of being the serial killer nicknamed the "Monster of Florence". Parts of the killer's modus operandi were used as reference for the novel Hannibal, which was released in 1999. In an interview on Inside the Actors Studio, Hopkins said that he used the characteristics of Katharine Hepburn and HAL 9000 from 2001: A Space Odyssey as inspiration for his performance.
According to David Sexton, author of The Strange World of Thomas Harris: Inside the Mind of the Creator of Hannibal Lecter, Harris once told a librarian in Cleveland, Mississippi, that Lecter was inspired by William Coyne, a local murderer who had escaped from prison in 1934 and gone on a rampage that included acts of murder and cannibalism.
In her book Evil Serial Killers, Charlotte Greig asserts that the serial killer Albert Fish was the inspiration, at least in part, for Lecter.[7] Greig also states that to explain Lecter's pathology, Harris borrowed the story of serial killer and cannibal Andrei Chikatilo's brother Stepan being kidnapped and eaten by starving neighbours (though she states that it is unclear whether the story was true or whether Stepan Chikatilo even existed).[8]
Red Dragon firmly states that Lecter does not fit any known psychological profile. However, Lecter's keeper, Dr. Frederick Chilton, claims that Lecter is a "pure psychopath." Lecter's pathology is explored in greater detail in Hannibal and Hannibal Rising, which explain that he was irreparably traumatized as a child in Lithuania in 1944 when he witnessed the murder and cannibalism of his beloved younger sister, Mischa, by Lithuanian Hilfswillige. One of the Hilfswillige members also claimed that Lecter unwittingly ate his sister as well.
In The Silence of the Lambs, Lecter is described through Clarice Starling's eyes as "small, sleek, and in his hands and arms she saw wiry strength like her own". The novel also reveals that Lecter's left hand has a condition called mid ray duplication polydactyly, i.e. a duplicated middle finger.[9] In Hannibal, he performs plastic surgery on his own face on several occasions, and removes his extra digit. Lecter's eyes are a shade of maroon, and reflect the light in "pinpoints of red".[10] He is also said to have small white teeth[11] and dark, slicked-back hair with a widow's peak.
See also[link]
- Dorangel Vargas, a serial killer known as the "Hannibal Lecter of the Andes"
References[link]
- ^ "AFI's 100 Heroes & Villains". American Film Institute. June 2003. http://www.filmsite.org/afi100heroesvilla.html. Retrieved 2007-02-12.
- ^ "Empire Magazine's The 100 Greatest Movie Characters". Poll. Empire Magazine. http://www.empireonline.com/100-greatest-movie-characters/default.asp?c=5. Retrieved March 03, 2012.
- ^ BBC interview with Brian Cox on youtube.com
- ^ Hannibal Rising at Rotten Tomatoes
- ^ Pilot Season: NBC Orders Hannibal Straight to Series; Also Picks Up Notorious - TVGuide.com
- ^ Morgan, Jeffrey. "Hannibal Lecter TV series casts Hugh Dancy as Will Graham" www.digitalspy.com. March 23, 2012
- ^ Grieg, Charlotte, Evil Serial Killers: In the Minds of Monsters (2009), p.27
- ^ Grieg, Charlotte, Evil Serial Killers: In the Minds of Monsters (2009), p.102
- ^ Silence of the Lambs p. 15, para. 2: "Dr. Lecter has six fingers on his left hand".
- ^ Silence of the Lambs p. 16, para 4: "Dr. Lecter's eyes are maroon, and they reflect the light in pinpoints of red".
- ^ The Silence of the Lambs p. 17, para. 4: "He tapped his small white teeth against the card and breathed in its smell".
External links[link]
- Hannibal Lecter at the Internet Movie Database
- Information about Hannibal Lecter, with a focus on Manhunter (1986)
- Crime Library profile of Lecter
- NPR broadcast on Lecter
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http://wn.com/Hannibal_Lecter
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hannibal_Lecter
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
