In Unix-like and some other operating systems, the pwd command (print working directory) is used to output the path of the current working directory.

The command is a shell builtin in certain Unix shells such as sh, and bash. It can be implemented easily with the POSIX C functions getcwd() and/or getwd().

The equivalent on DOS (COMMAND.COM) and Microsoft Windows (cmd.exe) is the "cd" command with no arguments. Windows PowerShell provides the equivalent "Get-Location" cmdlet with the standard aliases "gl" and "pwd". The OpenVMS equivalent is "show default".

Example[link]

If the following is input into a terminal: <source lang="bash"> $ pwd /home/foobar </source>

and the computer prints out /home/foobar, that means that the directory the user is currently in is /home/foobar. In the following example, the user is located in the directory /usr/local/bin, uses the command pwd, uses the command cd .. to move back to the parent directory and then uses pwd again: <source lang="bash"> $ pwd /usr/local/bin $ cd .. $ pwd /usr/local </source>

See also[link]

• Breadcrumb (navigation), an alternative way of displaying the work directory
• List of Unix programs
• pushd and popd

References[link]

• pwd: return working directory name – Commands & Utilities Reference, The Single UNIX® Specification, Issue 7 from The Open Group

Mohan Singh (born 4 March 1945) is an Indian politician from the Samajwadi Party. He was elected three times to the Lok Sabha from Deoria in Uttar Pradesh. He is currently the General Secretary of the Samajwadi Party.

Political career[link]

Mohan Singh, son of Mahendra Pratap Singh, was born in Deoria in the village Jainagar in 1945. During his college life, Sh. Mohan Singh was president of Allahabad University Students' Union during 1968–69. After college, he was detained for 20 months during emergency for taking part in Jayaprakash Narayan's movement. He was also imprisoned several times while taking part in student agitation in year 1966, once for occupying Anand Bhavan, Allahabad, and also in an agitation launched by Socialist party on the language issue. He was jailed along with Madhu Limaye for participating in Satyagraha in year 1973.^[1]

He has been elected at numerous Indian constitutional posts including member of Parliament thrice—elected to 10th Lok Sabha (1991–96), re-elected to 12th Lok Sabha (2nd term) (1998) and Re-elected to 14th Lok Sabha (3rd term). He was also member of Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly during year (1977–85) and Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly (1977–79).

Apart from these tenures, he had been member of numerous parliamentary committees including Committee on Public Undertakings (1983–85), Uttar Pradesh Legislative Council (1990–91), Committee of Privileges ( ), Business Advisory Committee (1998–99), Committee on Official Language ( ), Committee on Home Affairs and its Subcommittee on Swatantrata Sainik Samman Pension Scheme ( ), Committee of Privileges ( ), Consultative Committee, Ministry of Tourism ( ), Committee on Rural Development ( ), House Committee ( ).

References[link]

External links[link]

• Official biographical sketch in Parliament of India website

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