First of October Anti-Fascist Resistance Groups

The First of October Anti-Fascist Resistance Groups (Spanish: Grupos de Resistencia Antifascista Primero de Octubre, GRAPO) is a Spanish clandestine Maoist group aiming for the formation of a Spanish Republican state, based on the model of the People's Republic of China under Mao Zedong.

Besides its anticapitalism, it is anti-imperialist, being strongly opposed to Spain's NATO membership.

To date, the latest violent action inflicted by GRAPO dates from 2006. After having been fairly active in the late 1970s and early 1980s, currently the dwindling number of its militants, lack of any social support and police action has allowed Spanish officials to claim a number of times to have disbanded the GRAPO after the few remaining militants of the band were captured. According to the Spanish police, GRAPO was disbanded after six of its militants were arrested in June 2007 but, formally, the group has not announced its dissolution.

GRAPO is included in the European Union list of terrorist persons and organisations.