Changwon 창원 昌原
—  Municipal City  —
Korean transcription(s)
• Hangul	창원시
• Hanja	昌原市
• Revised Romanization	Changwon-si
• McCune-Reischauer	Ch'angwŏn-si
Downtown Downtown
Changwon Location in South Korea
Coordinates: 35°16′15″N 128°39′47″E / 35.27083°N 128.66306°E / 35.27083; 128.66306Coordinates: 35°16′15″N 128°39′47″E / 35.27083°N 128.66306°E / 35.27083; 128.66306
Country	South Korea
Region	Yeongnam
established	1408
Administrative divisions	5 Gu, 2 eup, 6 myeon
Government
• Mayor	Wansu Park
• Council Chairman	Isu-Kim
Area
• Total	743.48 km2 (287.06 sq mi)
Population (Jul, 2010)
• Total	1,081,499
• Density	1,469.67/km2 (3,806.4/sq mi)
• Dialect	Gyeongsang
Time zone	UTC+09:00
Website	eng.changwon.go.kr

Changwon is a city in and the capital of Gyeongsangnam-do in South Korea. Changwon city is 8th most populous city in South Korea, with a 2010 established population of 1,089,039.^[1] It encompasses a land area of 743 square kilometres (287 sq mi) on southeastern of South Korea. The population of Southeastern part of Korea, that include the city of Busan, is more than 6,478,000. Changwon is known as a heavy industrial city. Changwon only covers 7% of the total South Gyeongsangnam-do province's surface but takes 33.6% of population, to 2.1821 trillion won budget that gyeongnamdo accounted for 38.5 percent of total.^[2]

History[link]

Prehistory and early history[link]

Masan Bay wide open toward the hilly lands of the coastal plain in the Bronze Age, Iron Age ruins from the ubiquitous, it is like a prehistoric monuments is the place of the exhibition. Bangyedong typical landmark monuments, dolmens, holy mound, the lower molar sites and dolmens of the Bronze Age settlement and who lived through this period has proved to be.

Three Kingdoms[link]

Three Kingdoms Period: Its territory of Byunhan

Unified Silla Period: Uian-gun

Goryeo Period[link]

Uichang-hyeon

Joseon Period[link]

Changwonbu Administrative District in 1415, starting with (Taejong 15), was renamed as Changwondohobu Administrative District. Suffered after the 1601 invasion (Sunjo 34) in the Changwon-daedohobu (Gyeongnam Capital of Joseon Period) was promoted to. Late in the administrative and military center in Changwon, South Gyeongsang Province and represents a capital. Confucian's defeated (殿牌) is lost in the wake of the case nine years been derided as little more than present in Changwon, but again, Changwon-daedohobu been promoted to persist until the end of the Joseon was. Today, Changwon, South Gyeongsang Province to the current namdocheong This material has a capital role.

Korean Empire and Japanese rule[link]

After Korean War[link]

1970s

It was re-established in 1974 to be an industrial and residential center, as well as the provincial capital.

Changwon Industrial Complex has been built behind the cities. Changwon city planning district April 1, 1974 'Industrial Base Development Area No. 92' notices designated as Changwon industrial base has been developed as part of the development plan. Changwon is a planned city. Canberra, Australia as a model of Brasília in Brazil, India, New Delhi, followed by a fourth world, is the nation's first planned city.^[3]

Urban spatial arrangement of the country's longest straight Changwon. Blov (15.27 km = 9.49mile)^[4] south of the industrial park, residential complex in the north have been brought to the place. The current plan is an independent foundation in Changwon city, the urban master plan is September 1, 1976 Industrial and promoting the development and efficient management of the city behind for the administrative district of Masan, Changwon, remove it from the earth as the 1977-1986 Area Plan 171.560㎢(42,393ac), was established based on population 300,000.

Transit time is scrupulous and greenery east to west through the central region of the width 50m(164 ft) Changwon, South central area of the Main Street running through the width is 25m(82 ft).

In 1970s, The 3rd Economic Development five years (1972–1976) according to the plans of the heavy and chemical industries' machinery industry 100 billion export target, the ranks of industrialized nations settled in the 1980s', depending on the goal, September 19, 1973 President Park Chung Hee 'instructions on the construction of Changwon Machinery Industrial Base' is a top-down April 1, 1974 Changwon industrial base for the development of industrial base development is determined by promoting regional development has begun.

Companies in the Benefits Agency, including the selection and move into action to attract companies produce 1.5 billion won in 1975, exports from $ 600,000 in 1979, producing 450.6 billion won, raise export earnings $ 1,650,000.

1980s

South Gyeongsang Province in June 1982 was the previous Government. Government prior to the industrial park behind the city administration, social, cultural and economic changes such as the center of all the fields.

Redefining the basic structure was the city in 1983. This is the point of Changwon and tapped the center axis between the central commercial areas, transportation, administrative districts, cultural, educational and contentment is to have the system up into sections.

In particular, the 1984 Korea's best city for the construction of the power of 'the city plans to make park five years' developed. Until 1988 the park was developed 11. This is the OECD, Changwon City (average 19.80㎡) was higher than that, one of the nation's top per capita green space area (32.3 square metres (348 sq ft)) with the foundation said. Both apartments and housing development has begun.

2nd oil crisis in 1979 the economy was not good, VTR, due to increased overseas demand, such as semiconductor automation equipment, machinery, high-tech product development, production, etc. 5,023.7 billion Won, exports 1.428 billion U.S. dollars compared with 70 in 1,000 percent and has grown 765 percent.

1990s

2000s

2008 in Changwon, South Gyeongsang 10th Conference of the Ramsar Convention was held.^[5]

October 22, 2008 Public bike 'Nubija' was introduced. May 3, 2009 President Lee Myung-bak took part in the bikes festival held in Changwon with Changwon citizens.^[6]

June 2, 2010 nationwide local elections, Wansu-Park was elected mayor of Changwon city.^[7]

On July 1, 2010, the three neighboring cities, Masan, Changwon and Jinhae unified to create Unified Changwon City, with population of 1.08 million.^[8]

Changwon Industrial Complex in September 2010 was over 2,000 tenant companies. Companies is 97.8 percent(1,957) small and medium businesses, large corporations and 2.2 percent in all 44 companies.^[9]

Geography[link]

Changwon is located on the southern coast of the Korea and Masan Bay, Jinhae within its boundaries. Mt. Bulmo (802 metres (2,631 ft)) · Mt. Jeongbyeong (567 metres (1,860 ft)) · Mt. Jangbok (582 metres (1,909 ft)) the highest peak, except if a bulmosan, elevation 500 metres (1,600 ft) below the wide distribution of the mountain, and a small erosion of mountain ranges are scattered throughout the basin. However, the wide alluvial plain of the northeastern coast of the Nakdong River, the development achieves the breadbasket of South Gyeongsang Province.

Jinhae in Masan Bay and adjacent or facing the city, Changwon Machinery Corporations are a mild subtropical climate, with precipitation relatively large inland basin, the erosion is much greater annual range of temperature shows the characteristics of a continental climate.

Several islands—Dot island, Sokuri island are part of the city, also included the uninhabited Islands.

Ministry of Land under the firm surveyed by the National Oceanographic Research Institute, Changwon, integrated look at the length of the coastline, the longest in Masan area 163.14 kilometres (101.37 mi), Jinhae area 121.45 kilometres (75.47 mi), Changwon City in the shortest 14.24 kilometres (8.85 mi). In addition, due to consolidation, Changwon, 298.83 kilometres (185.68 mi) the coastline, the country along the coast-to-coast city of more than one million population, Incheon, Busan will be followed by three of the above.

Climate[link]

Changwon to latitude 35 degrees northern latitude and because of the Eurasian continent during the four seasons of change are obvious. Temperate continental regions rather than local temperature differences are small, are heavily influenced by the monsoon. Located at the southern tip of the peninsula has a mild climate suitable for human activities and climatic conditions have. The average temperature 12.9 °C (55.2 °F), annual precipitation is 1,527 millimetres (60.1 in), temperate deciduous and evergreen vegetation is mixed forest of hardwoods.

10 years after 1980, average annual number of sunny day of around 116 days a year is 32 percent, and 10 years since 1990, is a 135 days a year is about 37 percent.

1992−2001 average annual temperature of 15 °C (59 °F), average annual rainfall is 1,395 millimetres (54.9 in) 1 year minimum rainfall in 1994 718 millimetres (28.3 in), 1-year high rainfall in 1991, 2,046 millimetres (80.6 in), 2001 rainfall was 1,033 millimetres (40.7 in)

Cityscape[link]

Administrative divisions[link]

It has 5 districts (Gu).

Map
Miryang Haman County Gimhae Uichang-gu Masanhoewon-gu Masanhappo-gu Jinhae-gu Seongsan-gu
District	Hangul	Hanja
Uichang-gu	의창구	義昌區
Seongsan-gu	성산구	城山區
Masanhappo-gu	마산합포구	馬山合浦區
Masanhoewon-gu	마산회원구	馬山會原區
Jinhae-gu	진해구	鎭海區

• Uichang is the old name of Changwon. When the king of Silla gyeongdeok, Guljagun is Uian-gun.
• Consider the times in 1282 (King of chungryeol 8), Guljagun changed name Uichanggun.
• Chosun era, 1408 (king of Taijong 8) Uichang Prefecture and Hoewonhyeon (Masan's old name) was incorporated as part Changwon.
• Jinhae (formerly known as Chinhae) is a district in Changwon City, South Korea. This region is served by the Korean National Railroad, and is famous for its annual cherry blossom festival every spring.

Neighborhoods[link]

Changwon National Industrial Complex

Changwon National Industrial Complex was created by the heavy chemical industry development policy of the Korean government in 1974. Changwon National Industrial Complex lead the chemical industrial and heavy machinery sectors of the Korean economy and is now a very important heavy industries center in the country.

The development of Changwon into an industrial city during the 1960s and 70s has led to a city structure that is strictly bifurcated by one main avenue called "Changwon Daero"(Changwon big road); to the south are the factories, to the north are Sangnam-dong and all of the residential areas. Changwon Daero also serves as emergency runway for military purposes.

Sangnam-dong

The Sangnam neighborhood is the central part of greater Changwon. The main part of this neighborhood, Sangnam Commercial District(상남상업지구), is the main nightlife area, with many bars, hotels, business bars, norae-bangs (singing or karaoke rooms) and restaurants. On every day of the month with a date that ends in 4 or 9 the market "Sangnam-sijang" is open and bustling for business. This is the largest farmer's market within the city, with vendors selling fresh seafood, vegetables, and other groceries as well as nonperishables such as clothing and pottery. There is also a large-scale residential complex of high-rise apartments.

Jungang-dong
Jungan-dong, located just west of Sangnam, is the "old town" and extended central area of the city. There is more nightlife here than restaurants, and local English speaking expats often frequent the area for drinks and laughs, often living very nearby. This is the most likely place to meet one of the foreign English teachers, engineers and armed services residence of the area.

Hapsung-dong
Hapsung-dong is the central district of the old city of Masan, now located within the city of Changwon and near the Masan harbor. Hapsung's streets are much narrower than most of the rest of Changwon, because of the planned aspects of old Changwon sector, and traditional aspects of old Masan sector.

Daebang-dong
Daebang-dong is known as the 'inner city' section of Changwon. Residential and commercial districts are present in the area.

Economy[link]

Changwon city is a hub of factories that heavy industry for many major companies, including Samsung Techwin, GM Korea, LG Electronics, Hyundai Rotem, Doosan Heavy Industries & Construction, Doosan Infracore, Doosan Engine, Hyosung, Hyundai Wia and STX Corporation. And also Jinhae-gu there is Korea Naval Base (Republic of Korea Navy) that is main economy. Masan has Export processing zones,it is like a free port zone. Changwon city is the capital of Gyeongnam-do(state). So Changwon has many government agencies.

Gross Regional Domestic Product of Changwon city is 21.7 trillion won which is higher than that of Gwangju and Daejeon.^[11] It earned 29 billion dollars through exports in 2008, higher than that of Busan, Gwangju, Daejeon and Daegu.

Changwon National Machinery Industry Corporation for the current 20% share of gross, and 41 percent of national industrial machinery, industrial robots, has been producing 80 percent that produce 38 trillion won, exports 172 billion dollars, more than 40 percent of total export Gyeongnam are occupied. Changwon Industrial Complex are large and 2000 small business tenants.

Education and health[link]

Education[link]

Changwon city has seven universities and colleges: Changwon National University, Kyungnam University, KNA(Korea Naval Academy), Changwon College, Masan college, Chang Shin College and Korea Politechnic 7 College (Changwon Polytechnic College).

Changwon has 46 high schools, 63 middle schools, 105 elementary schools and 193 kindergartens, including two special-purpose high schools: Changwon Science High School and Changwon Mechanical Technical High School.^[12]

Changwon National University was established in 1969 and was re-established in 1985. It has approximately 15,000 graduate and undergraduate students.^[13]

Kyungnam University was founded in 1946 as Kookmin College in Seoul. The tumultuous Korean War years created a situation in which it was more advantageous to move south than to stay in the Seoul area. In 1961, the institution was renamed yet again with the new geo-specific moniker of Masan College. In 1970, the Hanma foundation took over the college and in 1971 the foundation decided to rename the college yet again, so the signs were changed to read “Kyungnam College.” In 1982, the institution attained university status and the name was officially altered one more time. Since 1982, there has been no revision to the name and it has remained “Kyungnam University.”^[14] it has approximately 18,000 graduate(2,000) and undergraduate students(16,000).^[15]

KNA(Korea Naval Academy) was established in 1946.^[16]

Health care[link]

Korea Accident Medical Center in Changwon, National Masan T. B. Hospital, Hanmaum Hospital, Changwon Fatima Hospital, Jinhae Naval Hospital and Changwon Samsung Hospital-Sungkyunkwan University.

Changwon Department of Public Health is health institutions in Changwon city to improve disease prevention, care and public health.
-Changwon Health Center, Changwon Health Promotion Center, Masan Health Center, Jinhae Health Center.^[17]

Culture and contemporary life[link]

Changwon Exhibition Convention Center (CECO)

Changwon has many parks and gardens throughout the city which give it a different feel from places such as Busan. For example, Yongji Park contains a small lake with a jet-fountain and hosts laser light shows at night.

The Junam Reservoir is an important bird migration site and the largest in Korea. During the peak winter season, an average of 30,000 to 40,000 birds a day can be seen there.^{[citation needed]} There is a birdwatching festival there each year.

Azaleas bloom on the hillsides around Changwon for a short time in the spring and the city hosts two one-day festivals to commemorate the phenomena. The city is close to the seaside city of Jinhae. Each spring Jinhae has a tree blossom festival that attracts many Changwonians.

Changwon is also home to the Changwon Exhibition Convention Center (CECO), located adjacent to the City 7 lodging and shopping complex. CECO hosted the 2008 conference of parties to the Ramsar Convention.

Changwon Stadium, Changwon Indoor Swimming Pool, Changwon Football Center, Masan Stadium, Masan Baseball Stadium, Jinhae Public Stadium, Changwon West Sports Centre, Gym civic life center, Evergreen Hall.

Sports[link]

Changwon hosts four professional sports teams; a basketball team - the Changwon LG Sakers of the KBL; two association football clubs - Gyeongnam FC of the professional K-League (the highest tier of Korean football) and Changwon City FC of the semi-professional National League (the second tier of Korean football); and, starting with the 2012 season, a baseball team - the NC Dinos of the Korea Professional Baseball League. Prior to the league awarding the Dinos to Changwon as an expansion team in 2011, the Lotte Giants of the Korea Professional Baseball League would play a few series per season at Masan Baseball Stadium in what was then the city of Masan. Changwon absorbed Masan in 2010, and Masan Stadium, located in what is now Changwon's Masanhoewon-gu, will serve as the home stadium for the Dinos. At the Korean Baseball Organization conference on May 8th of 2012, NC Dinos' admission to Korean Professional Baseball has approved. NC Dinos will start there first season from 2013 season.

There is also a Formula 3 race, the Korea Super Prix.

Festivals[link]

• Changwon festival(In October)

• Gagopa flower festival (In October)

• Jinhae gunhang festival (In April)

Website : http://gunhang.jinhae.go.kr

• Masan Seafood Market Festival (In Fall)

Museums[link]

KNA Museums (Korea Naval Academy Museum)
Masan Museum
Kyungnam University Museum
Changwon National University Museum
Energy Science and Environment Park
Jinhae Museum
Folk Art Village & Historical Jinhae Museum
Changwon Science Center
3•15 Art Museum

Munsin Museum
Gyeongnam National Museum
Daesan Museum

Media[link]

Changwon is a provincial center for the television, newspaper and publishing industries, which are Changwon KBS, Changwon MBC, Gyeongnam News and The Kyongnamdomin Ilbo.

Shopping[link]

Changwon The city has six large department stores, Lotte, Daedong, Home Plus, Newcore Outlet, Emart and City 7. Ogeori (5 intersection in Jungang-dong) is old shopping steet.

Masan Hapsung-dong, Chang-dong and Det geri (It is located around Gyeongnam Univ) are main shopping spot in Masan.

Jinhae Chungmu-dong and Sek-dong are main shopping area.

Transportations[link]

Public transportation
Nubija (Public bike rental service)
Changwon to activate a green traffic means biking, citizens can ride free bikes to borrow a bike has been running a public service.
Website : http://nubija.changwon.go.kr

Public Bus

Roads and highways
Namhae highway 10, Guma highway 102, Changwon boulevard, woni boulevard, gongdan boulevard, Road 5, Road 25, Road 2.
Changwon Cross-Country Bus Terminal Station, Masan Cross-Country Bus Terminal Station and Jinhae Cross-Country Bus Terminal Station.

Railroads
Gyeongjeon Line 경전선 : Gwangju-Samnangjin. This line stretches along the southern coast and links Jeolla and Gyeongsang regions. Usually, this line is regarded as a set of branch lines, which feed local traffic into adjacent major lines. Some KTX train detours to Changwon.(400 series train)

Jinhae Line.

Changwon city has 9 train stations.

Seaports
Masan port is main port in changwon city.
Changwon port is sub port of Masan port.
Jinhae port is a port of Korea Navy.
Pusan New Port is new port in Korea. It is located between Busan and Jinhae.

Airport
Gimhae International Airport is 35 km away from the Changwon. It is 50 minutes away from changwon city hall.

Notes[link]

• Geography of South Korea
• List of cities in South Korea

City symbol, mascots, and slogan

The symbol of Changwon is a blue square with each line being extended slightly in one direction. Four small squares appear outside the square on the non-extended side of each line. They are colored red, green, yellow and blue following clock-wise starting from the top. The extended square represents the planned road network system of Changwon, and the city advancing in all directions. The small blue square represents the state-of-the-art industrial base, the small green square represents the environment friendly city, the small yellow square represents the citizens, and the small red square represents the energy that represents that sustains the city.

The mascots of Changwon are Chang-e and Won-e; two extraterrestrial holding hands. Chang-e is blue with headphones for ears symbolizing technology development. Won-e is green with leaves for ears symbolizing the natural environment. These show that Changwon is where the environment and technology coexist harmoniously.^[19]

The city's slogan is "Young City Changwon".

People from Changwon

• Choi Chi-Won
• Lee Eun-Sang
• Kang Dong-Won
• Lee Jun-Ki
• Kim Sihyang
• Jang Wonsam
• Maybe
• Hwang Jung-Min
• Kang Ho-Dong
• Yoon Jong-Shin
• G.O
• Haha
• Yoon Bit-Garam
• Ko Yo-Han
• Jang Won-Sam
• Shin Myung-Chul
• Kwon Yang-Sook

Sister cities

• Jersey City^[20]
• Houston
• Jacksonville^[21]

• Ma'anshan
• Shulan

• Himeji
• Ōgaki
• Yamaguchi

• Zapopan

• Yakutsk
• Ussuriisk^[22]

• Goheung County
• Hamyang County
• Mokpo

• Mỹ Tho

References[link]

External links[link]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Changwon

• City government website
• City Mayors profile
• Gyeongnam Institute of Cultural Properties
• Changwon National Research Institute of Cultural Heritage

v t e South Gyeongsang Changwon (capital) Cities Changwon Jinhae-gu Masanhappo-gu Masanhoewon-gu Seongsan-gu Uichang-gu Geoje Gimhae Jinju Miryang Sacheon Tongyeong Yangsan Counties Changnyeong Geochang Goseong Hadong Haman Hamyang Hapcheon Namhae Sancheong Uiryeong