Thyroid stimulating hormone, beta also known as TSHB is a protein which in humans is encoded by the TSHB gene.^[1][2]

Function[link]

Thyrotropin-stimulating hormone (TSH) is a noncovalently linked glycoprotein heterodimer and is part of a family of pituitary hormones containing a common alpha subunit (TSHA) and a unique beta subunit (this protein) that confers specificity.^[3]

See also[link]

• thyroid stimulating hormone

References[link]

Further reading[link]

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.

This article on a gene on chromosome 1 is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. v t e

John McNeil (February 14, 1813 – June 8, 1891) was a general in the Union Army during the American Civil War. He was most noted for his role in the Palmyra Massacre and other acts of alleged brutality.

Early life and career[link]

McNeil was born in Halifax, Nova Scotia, to parents descended from Tories who had fled the American Revolution. He received a common school education, and then learned the hatter's trade in Boston, Massachusetts. He engaged unsuccessfully in the business first in New York City and subsequently for twenty years in St. Louis, Missouri. He prospered there, though he lost his fortune to Southern repudiation as the war began. He was a member of the Missouri legislature, 1844–45, and president of the Pacific Insurance Company, 1855-61.

Civil War[link]

When the war began, General Sterling Price of the Missouri Volunteer Militia and pro-secession Governor of Missouri Claiborne Jackson counted on McNeil's support, as he was known as a strong Democrat and closely allied with Southern men. On May 8, 1861, however, McNeil enlisted in the Union volunteers and was immediately made captain of a company. Shortly afterwards, he was promoted to colonel of the 3rd Regiment, U. S. Reserve Corps.

On May 10, 1861, he commanded some troops at the notoriousCamp Jackson Affair at the present day Frost Campus of St. Louis University. The Missouri militia had been called up by the governor for drill. Union supporters feared they might attack the St. Louis Arsenal. Captain Nathaniel Lyon, aware that the governor had secretly had artillery shipped from the Confederacy to the militia, surrounded the State troops and forced their surrender. Subsequently, as the prisoners were being marched downtown a riot began. Union troops - mostly green German volunteers - fired into a crowd. Most of the 28 killed were civilians although some militia and some Union soldiers died too.

On July 17, McNeil with about 600 men defeated the State forces under General David B. Harris at Fulton, Missouri. He was then placed in command of the city of St. Louis by General John C. Frémont. On August 3, McNeil was commissioned colonel of the Nineteenth Missouri Volunteers ("Lyon Regiment") to which he had been named by General Lyon. He resigned in December to accept a colonelcy in the State troops, with the command of a district on the Kansas state line. He spent the winter organizing forces and protecting the Union citizens.

He returned to St. Louis in the spring of 1862 and took over a cavalry regiment, with command of the District of Northeast Missouri, and the special charge of clearing the area of guerrillas—notably, those flocking to Joseph C. Porter. He spent the summer in pursuit of Porter, who had been ordered into the region to recruit troops to be sent into the Confederacy for training, as well as to generally disrupt Union operations. McNeil decisively defeated Porter at the Battle of Kirksville, and was lightly wounded in the action. In the aftermath of the fighting, he ordered the execution of fifteen allegedly paroled Confederates, charges which have been derided by some, and an action which would be held against him by others, particularly in light of his actions at Palmyra (see below). He also ordered the execution of Frisby McCullough, an action which was also generally criticized, but which he just as staunchly defended.

The Palmyra Massacre[link]

His subsequent campaign in Monroe County, Missouri, was also regarded by some as excessively brutal and indiscriminate. He himself said that “where a Union man could not live in peace, a secessionist should not.” He concluded his campaign on September 14, taking Palmyra after its abandonment by Porter, and avenging the abduction and presumptive murder of Union loyalist (and alleged informer) Andrew Allsman by executing ten Confederate prisoners in what came to be known as the "Palmyra Massacre." McNeil was criticized even by Union sympathizers for the act, and excoriated in the American and European press. However, Harper’s Weekly quoted a defender:

"These measures were severe, but not from the character of General McNeil: he will receive the applause of all earnest patriots for treating treason as it deserves. The fruit of his policy is pointedly exhibited where he has ruled. Before his advent murders and all lesser crimes were frequent, for no fault of the sufferers except that they were true to their country and to God. Now no more peaceful, stable, and Union-abiding people are to be found than those who live in Northeast Missouri. Jefferson Davis is thirsting for the blood of the brave General, and his coadjutors in the North are maligning General McNeil, fabricating statements of his brutality, and even asserting the two-fold falsehood that the wife of Allsman petitioned that the rebels might not be executed, and that the old man has since returned. But he will bear such calumnies, and live to reap grateful tributes."

It was true that Confederate President Jefferson Davis had threatened to execute ten Union prisoners unless McNeil was handed over to the Confederacy, but the threat was not carried out. It was also true that a number of local Union-supporters had pleaded with McNeil for the lives of the captives (Allsman’s wife not among them). The local loyalist paper however supported McNeil: "The madness of rebellion has become so deep seated that ordinary methods of cure are inadequate." (Palmyra Courier, October 18, 1862) and McNeil himself would respond years later "...cherishing, as I do, the firm conviction that my action was the means of saving lives and property of hundreds of loyal men and women, I feel that my act was the performance of a public duty." (July 1889 response to an article in "The Century" magazine).

In any event, the act earned him the unshakeable title of “Butcher of Palmyra.” As a pair, McNeil and his nemesis, Joseph C. Porter, illustrate particularly well the horrors of the war and the difficulty of moral evaluation; it seems likely that the culpability of each was minimized by his own side and exaggerated by the other.

Later campaigns[link]

McNeil was made brigadier general to rank from November 29, 1862.

In the spring of 1863, McNeil held Cape Girardeau with 1,700 men against Gen. John Sappington Marmaduke's force of 10,000. In 1864 he was appointed to command the district of Rolla, Missouri, and, with the assistance of Gen. John B. Sanborn, Clinton B. Fisk and E. B. Brown, he saved the capital from Price's army. Afterwards he joined his cavalry force with that of General Brown and participated in the campaign which led to the defeat of Price's army at the Second Battle of Newtonia in October. During the Battle of Westport, McNeil was relieved of command for "cowardice and failure to attack the enemy" by General Alfred Pleasonton. He then commanded the district of Central Missouri until April 12, 1865, when he resigned.

McNeil was given the brevet rank of major general of volunteers in recognition of faithful and meritorious services during the war, to date from the day of his resignation.

Postbellum career[link]

Subsequently, McNeil was clerk of the criminal court in St. Louis County, Missouri 1865-67; sheriff of the county, 1866–70, and clerk of the criminal court again, 1875-76. He was in 1876 commissioner to the Centennial Exposition in Philadelphia, was an inspector in the U. S. Indian service in 1878 and 1882, and at the time of his death was superintendent of the United States Post Office, St. Louis branch.

He died in his chair, in his office at St. Louis, and was buried in Bellefontaine Cemetery (Block 35, Lot 1103). His monument carries the verse Soldier, rest; thy warfare o'er, Sleep the sleep that knows not breaking.

See also[link]

	United States Army portal
	American Civil War portal

• List of American Civil War generals

References[link]

• This article incorporates text from the public domain Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography.
• Harper’s Weekly, January 1864
• Mudd, Joseph A., With Porter in Northeast Missouri (1909)

This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (November 2010)

Aly Bain MBE (born 15 May 1946 in Lerwick, Shetland) is a Shetland fiddler who learned his instrument from the old-time master Tom Anderson. In 1967 he was a member of the Shetland-based band Gordon Hank and the Country Ramblers, with Gordon Smith, Ian Stewart and Jack Robertson^[1]. Bain is now considered one of the finest fiddlers in the Scottish tradition.

Career[link]

In the early days of his career he formed (briefly and unofficially) part of the band The Humblebums with two other ‘unknowns’ Gerry Rafferty and Billy Connolly and Tam Harvey. He became nationally prominent as a founding member of The Boys of the Lough, a Scots- Irish folk group, with whom he played for over 30 years. He received several honorary citizenships in the USA.

Simultaneously, Bain pursued a solo career in collaborative and television projects with Pelicula Films Director, Mike Alexander and Producer, Douglas Eadie, working on several international television series: 'The Down home Recordings', 'The Shetland Sessions', 'Aly Meets The Cajuns', and four series of the Transatlantic Sessions - in 2010 winning the BBC Radio 2 Folk Awards, "Good Tradition Award". Since the early eighties Bain has regularly collaborated and recorded with prominent musicians from across the globe, including: Jerry Douglas, Emmylou Harris, Mark O'Connor, Jay Ungar, Mary Black, Mairéad Ní Mhaonaigh, Dan Tyminski, Rosanne Cash, James Taylor, Eddi Reader, Paul Brady, Darrell Scott, Michael Doucet, Martha Wainwright, Kate and Anna McGarrigle, John Martyn, Danny Thompson, Iris DeMent, Karen Matheson, Donal Lunny, Joan Osborne, Allison Moorer, Bruce Molsky and Allan MacDonald, bringing traditional music to a constantly widening audience.

In 1993 his autobiography "Fiddler on the Loose" was published by "Mainstream". It was written with Alastair Clark.

Bain has received many honours for his services to music: in 1994 he was awarded the MBE for his musical accomplishments. In 1989 he received a Silver Disc from the Record Industry Association for his 'Aly Meets the Cajuns' recording. A further Silver Disc followed in 1991 for The Pearl, recorded on his own Edinburgh Record Label, Whirlie Records. He also has received five honorary Doctor of Music (DMus) degrees: Royal Scottish Academy of Music and Drama; Stirling University; The University of St Andrews (2003); The Open University (2005) and Edinburgh University (2009). In addition, on the 27th November 2007, Bain - along with Phil Cunningham - were awarded Doctor of Letters from Glasgow Caledonian University for their contributions to music and to the education and encouragement of young musicians.^[2]

In 2005, together with Edinburgh’s Phil Cunningham, he won the BBC’s “Best Duo of the Year” award.

In 2006, a television programme celebrating his 60th year, documenting Aly Bain's life and works, was broadcast by the BBC.

In 2006, Bain was inducted into the Scots Traditional Music Hall of Fame.

In 2007, Bain and Cunningham celebrated their 20th anniversary of touring as a fiddle and accordion duo. Bain also tours with Swedish musician: (mandola player), Ale Möller, with whom he has recorded two albums.

In 2009 Bain collaborated with Nicola Benedetti to create on an hour long television programme for BBC Scotland: "When Nicola Benedetti Met Aly Bain", broadcast in 2009. In 2010, together with Pelicula Films and Billy Connolly, Bain made a further hour long television programme for BBC: "Fishing for Poetry", celebrating the life and works of the Scottish Poet, Norman MacCaig.

Discography[link]

Solo albums[link]

• Aly Bain First Album (1984)
• Lonely Bird (1992)
• The Best of Aly Bain:Volume One:A Fiddler's Tale (2008)

From television series[link]

• The Legendary Down Home Recordings
• Aly Bain Meets The Cajuns (1994)
• Aly Bain and Friends (1994)
• Aly Bain and Young Champions (2005)
• The Shetland Sessions [Vol. 1] (1992)
• The Shetland Sessions [Vol. 2] (1993)

The Transatlantic Sessions[link]

• Transatlantic Sessions 3 [Vol.1] (2007) (with Jerry Douglas and various artists)
• Transatlantic Sessions 3 [Vol.2] (2008) (with Jerry Douglas and various artists)
• The Original Transatlantic Sessions [Vol.1] (2008) (with Jay Ungar and various artists)
• The Original Transatlantic Sessions [Vol.2] (2008) (with Jay Ungar and various artists)
• The Original Transatlantic Sessions [Vol.3] (2009) (with Jay Ungar and various artists)
• Transatlantic Sessions 4[Vol.1] (2009) (with Jerry Douglas and various artists)
• Transatlantic Sessions 4[Vol.2] (2010) (with Jerry Douglas and various artists)
• Transatlantic Sessions 4[Vol.3] (2010) (with Jerry Douglas and various artists)

With Mike Whellans[link]

• Aly Bain - Mike Whellans (1971)

With Willie Johnson[link]

• Shetland Folk Fiddle Volume 2 (1976)

With The Boys of the Lough[link]

• The Boys of the Lough (1973)
• Second Album (1973)
• Recorded Live (1975)
• Lochaber No More (1975)
• The Piper’s Broken Finger (1976)
• Good Friends-Good Music (1977)
• Wish You Were Here (1978)
• Re-Grouped (1980)
• In the Tradition
• Open Road (1983)
• Far from Home (1986)
• Welcoming Paddy Home (1986)
• Farewell and Remember Me (1987)
• Sweet Rural Shade' (1988)
• Live at The Carnegie Hall (1989)
• The Fair Hills of Ireland (1992)
• The Day Dawn (1994)
• The West of Ireland (1999)

With Tom Anderson[link]

• The Silver Bow (1995) (2008)

With Phil Cunningham[link]

• The Pearl (1995)
• The Ruby (1997)
• Another Gem (2000)
• Spring the Summer Long (2003)
• Best of Aly and Phil (2004)
• Roads Not Travelled (2006)
• Portrait (2010)

With Ale Möller[link]

• Fully Rigged (1999)
• Beyond the Stacks (2007)

With Tellef Kvifte, Henning Sommerro, Hanne Kjersti Yndestad and Leiv Solberg[link]

• North Sea Music (2006)

With BT Scottish Ensemble[link]

• Follow the Moonstone (1995) arr. Henning Sommerro

DVDs[link]

• Another Musical Interlude (2004) (with Phil Cunningham)
• Transatlantic Sessions Series 3 (2007) (with Jerry Douglas and various artists)
• The Original Transatlantic Sessions: Series 1 (2008) (with Jay Ungar and various artists)
• Transatlantic Sessions Series 4 (2009) (with Jerry Douglas and various artists)

References[link]

External links[link]

• Aly Bain and Phil Cunningham Official Website

Jay Ungar (born November 14, 1946) is an American folk musician and composer. ^[1]

Biography[link]

Ungar was born in the Bronx (New York City), the son of immigrant Jewish parents from Eastern Europe.^[2] He frequented Greenwich Village music venues during his formative period in the 1960s. In the late 1960s, he became a member of Cat Mother and the All Night News Boys and, later, the Putnam String County Band. Although he has often played with David Bromberg, he is probably best known for "Ashokan Farewell" (1982), originally composed as a lament,^[3] which was used as the theme tune to the Ken Burns documentary, The Civil War (1990). Many of his other compositions are familiar to contra dancers, notably "The Wizards' Walk."

In 1991, Ungar married fellow musician Molly Mason, whom he had first met during the 1970s, and they continue to perform together, with their band, Swingology, and occasionally Jay's daughter Ruth Ungar (her mother is Lyn Hardy) and her band The Mammals. Jay Ungar, Molly Mason, Ruth Ungar and Michael Merenda also perform together as the Jay Ungar and Molly Mason Family Band.

In 1992, Ungar and Mason provided the soundtrack to the acclaimed documentary film Brother's Keeper. This music has been released on a CD entitled Waltzing with You (1998).

In 2006 they headlined the Northwest Folklife Festival in Seattle.

References[link]

External links[link]

• Jay Ungar & Molly Mason

This United States musical biography article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. v t e

This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (March 2012)

Sarah Jarosz
Jarosz at the Austin Music Awards during the SXSW festival, 2010
Background information
Born	(1991-05-23) May 23, 1991 (age 21)
Origin	Austin, Texas United States
Genres	Bluegrass, progressive bluegrass, folk, country, Old-time music
Occupations	Musician, singer-songwriter
Instruments	Mandolin, Bouzouki, banjo, guitar, vocals
Years active	2009- Present
Labels	Sugar Hill Records
Associated acts	Jerry Douglas, Chris Thile
Website	Official site
Notable instruments
Banjo, Guitar, Mandolin, Octave Mandolin

Sarah Jarosz ( /dʒəˈroʊz/ jə-ROHZ) is a bluegrass multi-instrumentalist, singer and songwriter whose first CD, Song Up in Her Head, was released by Sugar Hill Records on June 16, 2009.^[1] She was nominated for a Grammy Award in the category of Best Country Instrumental Performance for the track "Mansinneedof" from that album.^[2] Her second album, Follow Me Down, was released by Sugar Hill Records on May 17, 2011.

Jarosz was born in Austin, Texas on May 23, 1991, but was raised in Wimberley, Texas. She picked up the mandolin at age 10 and has been called "a songwriter of uncommon wisdom" by the Austin Chronicle.^[3] Jarosz started writing songs on the guitar, later learning to play mandolin, clawhammer banjo, and octave mandolin. She also sings, and wrote eleven of the thirteen tracks on her album. Jarosz began attending the New England Conservatory of Music in the fall of 2009.^[4]

Song Up In Her Head[link]

During her senior year of high school, Jarosz signed with Sugar Hill Records and released her debut album “Song Up In Her Head” on June 16, 2009, produced by Gary Paczosa. Her collaborators include her teenaged peers and well-known veterans of the acoustic scene including Chris Thile, Darrell Scott, Stuart Duncan, and Jerry Douglas.

Jarosz has been interviewed by NPR, where she discussed her life, music, and influences. In 2009. Jarosz was interviewed by Rolling Stone magazine, who conveyed the interviewer's opinion that Jarosz' debut was "impressive," and compared her to Gillian Welch, saying that Jarosz could easily be mistaken for "Welch's long lost daughter." The interviewer goes on to refer to her as a contemporary-bluegrass prodigy, gives a high opinion of her performance on claw-hammer banjo alongside "dobro king Jerry Douglas," and was won over by two cover songs: Tom Waits' "Come On Up to the House" and The Decemberists' murder ballad "Shankill Butchers".^{[citation needed]}

Follow Me Down[link]

In the Summer of 2010, after her freshman year of college, Jarosz began recording her next album, "Follow Me Down". Jarosz again co-produced the album with Gary Paczosa (Alison Krauss, John Prine, Chris Thile), but she had college scheduled for the fall and high-profile gigs to work around. The album was recorded in Nashville with Bela Fleck, Jerry Douglas, Stuart Duncan, Viktor Krauss, Dan Tyminski, Shawn Colvin and Darrell Scott, and also in Boston with her young trio mates Alex Hargreaves and Nathaniel Smith. A special session with Punch Brothers in New York produced a cover of Radiohead's "The Tourist"

Of the first single “Come Around”, she comments, “I know for some purists out there, it’s like, ‘Why do you have to have drums?’ For me, it’s like, ‘Why not?’”. The album was released on May 17 to rave reviews, with USA Today giving the album 3 and half stars out of 4. The New York Times opines that Jarosz is “widely regarded as one of acoustic music’s most promising young talents: a singer-songwriter and mandolin and banjo prodigy with the taste and poise to strike that rare balance of commercial and critical success.” American Songwriter wrote, “Follow Me Down is an invitation. Sarah Jarosz invites us along with her into a growing sonic space of collaboration and artistry at this the second step in what will surely be a long and productive musical journey.”

Discography[link]

Studio albums[link]

Music videos[link]

References[link]

1. ^ "A Bluegrass Debutante, A High School Graduate" NPR All Songs Considered. June 14, 2009. Retrieved January 21, 2010.
2. ^ "52nd Annual Grammy Awards Nominees List" Grammys. Retrieved January 21, 2010.
3. ^ Moser, Margaret. "Texas Platters: Sarah Jarosz" Austin Chronicle. June 12, 2009. Retrieved January 21, 2010.
4. ^ "A Bluegrass Debutante, A High School Graduate" NPR All Songs Considered. June 14, 2009. Retrieved January 21, 2010.
5. ^ "Sarah Jarosz Album & Song Chart History – Bluegrass Albums". Billboard. http://www.billboard.com/#/artist/sarah-jarosz/chart-history/962205?f=307&g=Albums. Retrieved May 29, 2011. 
6. ^ "Sarah Jarosz Album & Song Chart History – Billboard 200". Billboard 200. http://www.billboard.com/#/artist/sarah-jarosz/chart-history/962205. Retrieved May 29, 2011. 
7. ^ "Sarah Jarosz Album & Song Chart History – Heatseekers Albums". Billboard. http://www.billboard.com/#/artist/sarah-jarosz/chart-history/962205?f=324&g=Albums. Retrieved May 29, 2011. 
8. ^ "Sarah Jarosz Album & Song Chart History – Independent Albums". Billboard. http://www.billboard.com/#/artist/sarah-jarosz/chart-history/962205?f=326&g=Albums. Retrieved May 29, 2011. 
9. ^ "Sarah Jarosz Album & Song Chart History – Folk Albums". Billboard. http://www.billboard.com/#/artist/sarah-jarosz/chart-history/962205?f=1071&g=Albums. Retrieved May 29, 2011. 
10. ^ "Sarah Jarosz Album & Song Chart History – Rock Albums". Billboard. http://www.billboard.com/#/artist/sarah-jarosz/chart-history/962205?f=408&g=Albums. Retrieved May 29, 2011. 
11. ^ "CMT : Videos : Sarah Jarosz : Run Away". Country Music Television. http://www.cmt.com/videos/sarah-jarosz/693536/run-away.jhtml. Retrieved September 26, 2011. 
12. ^ "CMT : Videos : Sarah Jarosz : Broussard's Lament (Live)". Country Music Television. http://www.cmt.com/videos/misc/702967/broussards-lament-live.jhtml. Retrieved October 25, 2011. 

External links[link]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Sarah Jarosz

• Official site