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Madden NFL (known as John Madden Football before 1993) is an American football video game series developed by Electronic Arts Tiburon for EA Sports. The game series is named after Pro Football Hall of Famer John Madden, a well-known former Super Bowl–winning coach of the Oakland Raiders and color commentator. The games have consistently been a best seller, and has even spawned TV shows where players compete. Among the game's realistic features include sophisticated playbooks and player statistics, and voice commentary that allows players to hear the game as if it were a real TV broadcast.

The series was originally conceived by Electronic Arts founder Trip Hawkins, who then approached Madden in 1984 for his endorsement and expertise. Due to Madden's insistence that the game be as realistic as possible, the first version of John Madden Football was not released until 1988. The second version of the game was released in 1990, with annual versions since then. The series' name was changed to Madden NFL in 1993 after EA acquired the rights to use NFL teams and players. Despite Madden's retirement as a broadcaster in 2009, he continues to lend his name and provide expertise for the game.

Overview[link]

As of 2010^[update] Electronic Arts has sold more than 85 million copies of Madden NFL, and as many as two million in one week, for more than $3 billion in total sales. At EA Tiburon in Orlando, Florida a team of 30 developers and more than 100 game testers works on each new game in the series,^[1] which as of 2012^[update] contains more than 10 million lines of source code.^[2]

Madden describes himself as "never a good player" of Madden NFL, and prefers to watch others play.^[2] Although retiring from broadcasting in 2009, he nonetheless continues to participate in each Madden's development:^[2][1]

He breaks down upcoming rules changes. He brings up concussions, helmet-to-helmet hits and gimmick quarterbacks. A digression on how the Dome Patrol-era Saints used to frustrate Bill Walsh's 49ers teams with short linebacker drops becomes a lecture on the obsolescence of the fullback, which then morphs into a short aside on player character.^[1]

EA estimates that the series has five to seven million dedicated fans.^[2] Among the fans are NFL players, who typically play as themselves.^[3] They often complain to Madden and EA about allegedly inaccurate ratings of their abilities, or ask for changes in their in-game appearance. Such complaints began as early as 1990, confusing the broadcaster, who did not contribute the player statistics for that year's version due to lack of time.^[1]

Coaches and players have said that Madden has influenced their play,^[1] and football broadcasts on television have changed to more closely resemble it, with visual cues on the screen "drawn directly from Madden." The NFL reportedly considers the series its "33rd franchise", because each week during the season EA Sports receives the same searchable film database of every play that each of the league's 32 teams do.^[2] The game is the NFL's second-largest source of licensing revenue after apparel, and an important part of the league's recruitment of children as new football fans.^[3]

Voice commentary[link]

Voice commentary in Madden allows players or watchers to hear the game being called as if it were a real game on TV.^[4] For most versions of the game, this commentary was performed by Madden himself and his contemporary broadcast partner. Initially, this was Pat Summerall (Madden's partner during his days at CBS and Fox during the early 1980s on through the early 2000s) until Summerall retired; the role was then filled by Al Michaels, John's broadcast partner on ABC Monday Night Football (2002–2005) and NBC Sunday Night Football (2006–2008). Madden NFL 09 would end up being the last version to feature Madden's commentary. By that time, he felt that reciting a script covering every single scenario in the game was boring and tedious^[5]—Madden recalled the long hours spent alone in the recording studio as "the most difficult part of any part that I've ever had in the game and the least amount of fun"^[2]—but said that in the decision to remove him from game commentary, "I feel that something is being taken away from me".^[1] Madden was replaced by Cris Collinsworth as color commentator, who was then paired with Tom Hammond in Madden NFL 10, and Gus Johnson in Madden NFL 11 and Madden NFL 12.^[6] Madden NFL 13 will mark the debut of Jim Nantz and Phil Simms doing the commentary, including them appearing in an in-booth cutscene before the game.^[7]

History[link]

Series overview[link]

1980s: Creation[link]

Trip Hawkins created a clone of the Strat-o-Matic paper and dice-based football simulation game as a teenager. The game was unsuccessful due to its complexity, and he hoped to one day delegate its rules to a computer. At Harvard College, where Hawkins played football for the Crimson, he wrote a football simulation for the PDP-11 minicomputer. After founding Electronic Arts in 1982, the company began designing a football game for the era's microcomputers. Hawkins first approached childhood hero Joe Montana to endorse the proposed game but the quarterback already had an endorsement deal with Atari, and his second choice, Cal coach Joe Kapp, demanded royalties.^[1]

In 1984 Hawkins approached Madden. The CEO and game producer Joe Ybarra arranged a followup meeting with the broadcaster during an Amtrak train trip over two days because of Madden's fear of flying.^[8][1][9][2] The EA executives promised that the proposed game would be a sophisticated football simulation, and asked the retired Oakland Raiders coach for his name and expertise. Madden knew nothing about computers beyond his telestrator but agreed; he had once taught a class at the University of California, Berkeley called "Football for Fans", and envisioned the program as a tool for teaching and testing plays.^[1][5] (Madden still sees the game as an educational tool. When asked in 2012 to describe Madden NFL, he called it "a way for people to learn the game and participate in the game at a pretty sophisticated level."^[2]) Hawkins and Ybarra spent the train trip learning football plays and strategies from Madden "from dawn to midnight".^[1]

Early plans for the game envisioned six or seven players per team because of technical limitations but Madden insisted on having 11 players per team,^[1][2] stating "I'm not putting my name on it if it's not real."^[9] Ybarra, who had played chess, not football, in high school, became an expert on the subject through his work, but found that 11 players overwhelmed contemporary home computers. The project took three years, more than twice the length of the average development process, and became known within the company as "Trip's Folly"; Madden believed at times that EA had given up.^[1] The company hired Bethesda Softworks to finish the game, but the relationship ended when Bethesda sued for EA's failure to publish new versions of its Gridiron! football game as promised, adding to the delay.^[9]

EA already had a copy of Madden's 1980 Raiders playbook, and hired San Francisco Chronicle writer Frank Cooney, who had designed his own figurine football game with numerical skill ratings. Although the company could not yet legally use NFL teams' or players' names, Cooney obtained real plays from NFL teams. Madden turned down the opportunity to buy an "unlimited" number of options for EA stock in its initial public offering, a decision he later called "the dumbest thing I ever did in my life."^[1][2]

Using Bethesda's physics engine,^[10] John Madden Football debuted in 1988 for the Apple II series of computers.^[1] While the game had a sophisticated playbook its interface was complex, and Madden's insistence on 11 players per team caused it to run slowly.^[9]

1990s[link]

In early 1990 EA hired Park Place Productions to develop Madden for the Sega Genesis videogame console. The company had already developed ABC Monday Night Football with "arcade-style, action-heavy" game play, and its Madden also emphasized hyperreality compared to the computer version's focus on exact simulation.^[1]

EA reverse engineered the console in hopes of selling the game without paying the standard $8 to $10 license fee per cartridge, then proposed to Sega a compromise of $2 per cartridge and a $2 million cap on the fee. The console maker agreed, afraid that EA would sell its reverse-engineered knowledge to other companies; the agreement saved EA $35 million over the next three years. As its own Joe Montana-endorsed football game would miss the 1990 Christmas shopping season, Sega asked EA to let it sell Madden with the Montana name. EA refused, but offered a crippled alternative that lacked Madden's 3-D graphics and most of its 113 plays.^[1] Joe Montana Football sold well despite shipping after Christmas 1990, and remained popular after BlueSky Software took over development.^[9] John Madden Football for the Genesis became both the first hugely successful Madden game and the first "industry game-changer" for EA and Sega, however, helping the console to gain market share against the Super Nintendo.^[1][9] From 1992 to 1994, Mega placed the game at #1 in their monthly Top 100 Mega Drive Games of All Time.

In 1990, EA producer Richard Hilleman brought in veteran sports game designer Scott Orr, who had founded the mid-1980s Commodore 64 game publisher GameStar, and had led the design of their best-selling sports games. The team of Orr and Hilleman designed and led the development of what is today still recognizable as the modern Madden. Early versions of Madden were created by external development studios such as Bethesda, Visual Concepts, and Stormfront Studios. After Visual Concepts failed to deliver Madden NFL '96 for the new PlayStation in 1995, EA hired Tiburon Entertainment for Madden NFL '97^[9] and later acquired the company, centralizing development in-house.^[1] EA's refusal to release Madden and other sports titles for the Sega Dreamcast in 1999 contributed to the console's lack of success and Sega's exit from the hardware market.^[9]

Franchise Mode[link]

In 1998 Electronic Arts added Franchise Mode to Madden, giving players the ability to play multiple seasons, make off-season draft picks, and trade players.

2000s[link]

[edit] Madden NFL 2003

There are multiple modes of game play, from a quick head-to-head game to running a team for a whole season or even multiple seasons. Online play, which was a new feature for Madden NFL 2003 (in this version there are also mini-camp challenges) was only available for users of the PlayStation 2 console, Xbox console, or a Microsoft Windows PC until early 2004. At E3 2004, Microsoft and EA Sports released a press statement announcing that games made from July 2004 on would now be Xbox Live-enabled. In August 2004, EA Sports released Madden NFL 2005 and this game and all future versions of Madden became very popular games on Xbox Live.

[edit] Madden NFL 2004

Also, starting with Madden NFL 2004, EA Sports created the new Playmaker tool, using the right analog joystick found on each of the adjustments previously unavailable in prior installments of the franchise.^[11] One such adjustment includes the ability to switch which direction a running play will go without changing the formation. Prior to the Playmaker tool, the Player could only call one of four available "hot routes." With Playmaker and the use of the right thumb stick the player is given 4 additional Hot Route options. When the quarterback has the ball the Playmaker Tool can be used to make receivers alter their routes mid-play. When running the ball on offense, the runner can control the direction in which the blocker is going. Defensive alignment adjustments, however, were not available leading to obvious unbalance in favor of the Offensive player.

[edit] Madden NFL 2005

In Madden NFL 2005, EA Sports ran a campaign with the Theme "Fear the D" emphasising their improvements on the "other side of the ball." In an attempt to re-balance the players experience, EA gave a Playmaker Tool to the defense. Similar to the offensive Playmaker Tool, the defensive Playmaker allows the player to make pre-snap defensive adjustments. EA Sports further utilized the right analog joystick on defense by creating the "Hit Stick", an option on defense that allows the controlled player to make big hits, with a simple flick, that increases the chances the ball carrier will fumble. Also introduced for the first time is the "Formation Shift." This new feature allowed players to shift their formation in the pre-snap audible menu without actually changing the play. For example if you call a run play up the middle out of a goal line formation, you could then call a formation shift and make your players spread out into a four wide receiver formation while still in the same running play. The problem with this new function was that EA also added a fatigue penalty for the defense causing defensive players to get more tired each time there was a formation shift. This led to players on offense calling multiple formation shifts each play making the defensive players too exhausted to keep up and force them to substitute out of the game until they are fully rested. This led to more unbalance that could only be fixed by turning off fatigue and leads to an unrealistic football game.

2005 also added "EA Sports Radio", a fictional show that plays during the menu screen of Franchise mode to provide a greater sense of a storyline during gameplay. It features Tony Bruno as the host, who often interviews players and coaches about how the season is going and also has quiz questions in which fake listeners call in to make attempts at answering football-related questions. It included mock interviews of famous NFL players and coaches throughout the in-game season. Some fans have criticized EA Sports for not including new features to the 'programming' as the radio became stale after only two seasons in franchise mode, but the feature drew acclaim for adding content to the Franchise menu. Also added was the Newspaper where the player could look at National News from licensed USA Today and Licensed Local papers for almost each of the 32 NFL teams. Lastly, 2005 also saw the introduction of multiple progressions during franchise mode. Previously NFL players in Madden would only progress or regress at the end of each season. Now at the end of Week 5, 11, and 17 the game would use a program to "progress" your players based on their performance in addition to end of season progression.

[edit] Madden NFL 06

In Madden NFL 06, the "Truck Stick" was introduced. This feature allows the offensive player to lower his shoulder and break a tackle, or back juke to avoid one. Another new feature is the Superstar Mode, which allows the player to take control of a rookie, and progress through his career.^[12] This includes an IQ test, interviews, workouts, the NFL Draft, hiring an agent, and other aspects of a superstar's life.

EA also introduced the QB Vision feature in the 2006 installment. With this feature, a cone of spotlight emits from the quarterback during passing plays, simulating his field of vision. To make an accurate pass, the quarterback must have his intended receiver in his field of vision. Passing to a receiver not in the cone reduces pass accuracy significantly. The size of the quarterback's vision cone is directly correlated to his Awareness and Passer Accuracy rating; Brett Favre and Peyton Manning see nearly the entire field at once, whereas an inexperienced quarterback such as J.P. Losman or Kyle Boller sees only a sliver of the field.^[1] This feature also allows for bigger plays and more interceptions.

Also, EA sports added the Smart Route. This means that when pressing a hot route to the corresponding receiver, you put the analog stick down and the receiver will run to the first down, and you can throw him the ball.

While current gen Madden remained the same with the exception of a "Smart Route" and "QB Vision", this was also the first year Madden was released on the next-gen Xbox 360. It was completely stripped down, almost every change made in the previous gen was wiped away.

[edit] Madden NFL 07

In Madden NFL 07, EA introduced Lead Blocker Controls which allow users to control blockers during running plays. In addition, EA redefined the Truck Stick into the Highlight Stick. With the Highlight Stick, users can have their running backs perform different running moves and combos, instead of just bowling over defenders. Truck Stick features still exist for bigger backs, but not for smaller backs who would never realistically use them anyway. Instead, more agile backs perform acrobatic ducks and dodges to avoid tackles.^[13]

[edit] Madden NFL 08

In Madden NFL 08, the Weapons feature was added, allowing superstar players to be noticed. Randy Moss, for example, is a Go-To-Guy, allowing him to make amazing one-handed grabs. Peyton Manning is a Franchise QB. It also includes new skill drills, Hit Stick 2.0, and Ring of a Champion features.

[edit] Madden NFL 09

Madden NFL 09 was released on August 12, 2008. Citing business concerns, EA chose not to release it on the PC platform.^[14] The game features quarterback Brett Favre on the front cover wearing a uniform for his former team, the Green Bay Packers.^[15] EA Sports announced on August 7, 2008 that they would be offering a free download alternative cover featuring Favre in a New York Jets jersey, which was the team Favre played for during the 2008 season. The downloadable plug-in will also include the newly revised Jets 2008–2009 Squad with Favre at the helm. Madden NFL 09 was the first of the series to offer online, league game play, allowing up to 32 players to compete in an online, simulated NFL season. According to EA Sports Senior Producer Phil Frazier, up to 32 players will be able to participate in competitive games, the NFL Draft and conduct trades between their teams. The game was also the first of the series to incorporate a Madden IQ. The Madden IQ is used to automatically gauge your skills through a series of mini-games consisting of run offense, pass offense, run defense, and pass defense. At the end of each of the drills, the player receives a score ranging from rookie to all-Madden. The final Madden IQ is a mixture of those scores which is used to control the game's difficulty. As a player’s skill increases or decreases the game automatically adjusts its difficulty ratings to coincide with their Madden IQ.^[16][17] Madden NFL 09 also removed the "passing cone" feature due to unpopularity with game players.^[1]

[edit] Madden NFL 10

Madden NFL 10 was released on August 14, 2009, though a version for the PC was again not created.^[18] Compared to previous iterations, Madden NFL 10 has been extremely transparent with its development efforts, maintaining a weekly blog updates as well as a constant presence on various message boards. A new design team has also taken over the game, including members from NFL Head Coach 09. The direction of Madden NFL 10 has been shifted to much more of a realistic and simulation focus, with info already released including Procedural Awareness (a robust head tracking system), a new philosophy on player ratings, and big improvements to realism in QB play, WR/DB play, and other areas across the game. Also added for in-game color commentary is broadcaster/analyst Cris Collinsworth. In addition to this, he also frequently criticizes mistakes in a segment known as Backtrack. There are also cut scenes on close first down situations where the officials bring the chains to measure the exact spot of the ball. Madden 10 has several new features including the PRO-TAK animation technology, which allows up to nine man gang tackles and fumble pile-ups to help players 'fight for every yard', in this year's tagline. Madden 10 also features an in-game weekly recap show with NFL Network hosts Fran Charles and Alex Flanagan called The Extra Point. Madden 10 offers a series of multiple play packages. This allows for more options to score. Madden 10 also offers over 200 plays to choose from. Troy Polamalu and Larry Fitzgerald appear on the cover of Madden 2010, the first time two athletes appeared on the cover in the history of the series. This version features a completely overhauled rating system for players, featuring new categories such as throw on the run and specific ratings for short, medium, and deep passes. The new rating system has also dropped many players rankings down, creating resentment from these very players. T.J. Houshmandzadeh, wide receiver for the Baltimore Ravens organization announced via an ESPN interview that he is boycotting the game until his rating on the game is 'correct'.^[19] The Wii version has been criticized for the cartoon-like graphics, as opposed to the more realistic graphics of the other platform releases.^{[citation needed]} The game's soundtrack features established rap, alternative rock, rap metal and hard rock bands such as Nirvana, Pantera, Black Sabbath, System of a Down, Alice in Chains, and Kid Rock.

[edit] Madden NFL 11

Madden NFL 11 was released on July 27, 2010 (moved up from its original release date of August 10, 2010 for promotional reasons^[20]), and features Drew Brees on the cover. It features several new additions to the franchise, such as Online Team Play,^[21] Online Scouting^[22] and online attribute boosts for co-op play.^[23] Along with these new game additions is a new rating (sponsored by Old Spice) known as Swagger.^[24] Although early speculation was that this new rating would be reflective of "confidence" or "composure," it was quickly confirmed to be directly tied to a player's personality for celebrations.^[25]

[edit] Madden NFL 12

Madden NFL 12 was released on August 25, 2011. The release was delayed by two weeks due to the NFL lockout,^[26] and features Cleveland Browns running back Peyton Hillis on the cover. Several new features have been added to meet some of the demands of the people that play the game such as expanded rosters and future draft picks in Franchise mode.

License history and spinoffs[link]

Licensing[link]

Until 1993, the Madden series did not have official licenses from the National Football League or National Football League Players Association (NFLPA). Madden NFL '94 was the first game in the series to include real NFL teams, and Madden NFL '95 added an NFLPA license for real players.^[27] The licenses restrict EA from including certain content in current Madden games, such as the humorous ambulance that picks up injured players in 1991's John Madden Football II.^[1] The NFL Coaches Association sold the rights to have NFL coaches' names appear in the Madden NFL games; Madden NFL 2001 was the first game in the series to feature this license.^[28] Neither New England Patriots coach Bill Belichick nor Bill Parcells appeared in the game as they are not members of the NFL Coaches Association.

Exclusivity[link]

In 2004, EA signed an exclusive license through 2009 with the NFL and the NFLPA to give the company the exclusive rights to use the NFL's teams, stadiums, and players in a video game.^[29] The deal, reportedly worth $300 million and later extended to 2013,^[1] has been widely criticized. This exclusive license prevents other official NFL video games. Some competitors, such as the Blitz: The League series, have elected to continue, seeking to distinguish themselves through innovative gameplay while others, such as the NFL 2K series, have ceased production. In 2007, 2K Sports released All Pro Football 2K8, which used former NFL stars.

[edit] Head Coach series

In August 2006, EA Sports debuted NFL Head Coach, which utilized the Madden engine to create a football management simulation. The game was criticized as buggy and unrealistic. EA Tiburon rebuilt the game from the ground up, addressing flaws and creating a proprietary engine, over the course of three years. NFL Head Coach 09 was released on August 12, 2008 bundled with the special edition of Madden NFL 09 and as a standalone game on September 2, 2008.

[edit] Madden Arcade

Released on November 24, 2009,^[30] the game is 5-on-5 and takes the best 10 players from each of the 32 NFL teams.^[31]

[edit] Madden NFL Football

Madden NFL Football was released as the launch title for the Nintendo 3DS on March 27.^[32]

Madden Curse[link]

Prior to 1999, every annual installment of the Madden NFL series primarily featured Madden on its cover.^[1][33] In 1999, Electronic Arts selected Garrison Hearst to appear on the PAL version's cover, and has since featured one of the league’s top players on every annual installment^[34] despite Madden's opposition.^[1]

While appearing on the cover has become an honor akin to appearing on the Wheaties box,^[1] much like the Sports Illustrated Cover Jinx, certain players who appeared on Madden video game box art have experienced a decline in performance, usually due to an injury.

• Garrison Hearst appearing on the 1999 PAL cover was known to be the "start" of the curse, as after his appearance, he broke his ankle and was out for two seasons, and his performance was never the same.
• After Barry Sanders' appearance on the 2000 cover, Sanders abruptly retired before training camp, falling just short of the record for most career rushing yards.
• Dorsey Levens appeared on the PAL version of the 2000 game, and the Green Bay Packers, whom Levens was playing for at the time, failed to make the playoffs, and Levens was eventually released the year later.
• After Eddie George appeared on the 2001 cover, the Tennessee Titans lost in Divisional round in the 2001 playoffs. Late in the 4th quarter with the Titans down 17–10, a Steve McNair pass was bobbled by George and intercepted by Ray Lewis for a touchdown, sealing the game. George also never averaged more than 3.4 yards per carry for the rest of his career.
• Daunte Culpepper led the Minnesota Vikings to the playoffs in 2000, but after appearing on the Madden 2002 cover, he threw 23 interceptions as the Vikings slumped to a 5–11 record. He also broke the record for most fumbles in a single season. While his career looked to be back on track in 2004 with a career season, he blew out both knees in 2005 and 2006 and never resembled the player he was at the start of the decade.
• Marshall Faulk appeared on the 2003 cover, and his career (and the success of the St. Louis Rams) severely declined afterwards. He did not register another 1,000 yard rushing season and his yards per carry average dropped from a consistent 5.4 over the previous three years to 4.5 in 2002 and 4.0 in 2003 and 2004. He started 21 out of a possible 32 games from 2002–2003 as knee injuries got the better of him. He underwent reconstructive knee surgery in 2005 and retired that same year. Since 2007, the Rams have a record of 15–65.
• After appearing on the cover of Madden NFL 2004, Michael Vick broke his fibula in a pre-season game against the Baltimore Ravens, and the Atlanta Falcons went 5–11. Years later it was discovered that he participated in an illegal dog-fighting ring and he was sent to prison.
• Ray Lewis, 2005 cover athlete and middle linebacker for the Baltimore Ravens, had his season cut short in week 15 with a wrist injury. It was also Lewis' first season without an interception.
• In 2006, Philadelphia Eagles quarterback Donovan McNabb tore his ACL and meniscus in his right knee while jumping out of bounds in a game versus the Tennessee Titans, ending his season. McNabb also suffered a sports hernia in the first game of the season.
• Running back Shaun Alexander, then the league's reigning Most Valuable Player, was featured on the cover of Madden NFL 2007, and sustained a foot injury that caused him to miss six starts.^[35] As a result, Alexander’s rushing statistics were substantially less than those from the previous season, and he never returned to true form.^[35] Alexander himself has asked, “Do you want to be hurt and on the cover, or just hurt?"^[36]
• In 2007, GameSpot and CNBC reported that a large number of LaDainian Tomlinson's fans, who believed in the Madden Curse, were strongly opposed to EA Sports' initial decision to feature him on the 2008 cover, so much that a fan created SaveLTfromMadden.com to voice their disdain.^[37][38][39] Tomlinson eventually declined the offer, but stated it was solely due to contract negotiations.^[39]
• Madden NFL 2008's cover featured Vince Young, the starting quarterback of the Tennessee Titans. Young missed one game of the 2007 season due to a minor injury, but for the rest of the season was roughly even with his 2006 performance. When Young appeared on Jimmy Kimmel Live to officially announce that he would appear on the cover of Madden NFL 2008, he derided allegations of becoming the curse’s next victim, and stated, “I've done prayed about it and we're gonna go home and try to get to the playoffs and try to get to the Super Bowl. We'll see what happens." ^[40][41] In contrast, Young suffered longer-term injuries in 2008 (from which he successfully came back in 2009) and 2010, which, combined with a coaching dispute, led to his departure from the Titans prior to the 2011 season.
• Brett Favre appeared on the cover of Madden NFL 2009 as a Green Bay Packer, under the impression that Favre was retired. However, shortly after the decision, Favre came back out of retirement and was traded to the New York Jets, where he was plagued by poor on-field performance and an off-field sexual harassment scandal. He also suffered an ankle injury as a Jet and later suffered a shoulder injury as a Viking that would end his career.
• On September 10, 2009, Larry Fitzgerald, wide receiver for the Arizona Cardinals and safety Troy Polamalu of the Pittsburgh Steelers, were both featured on the cover of Madden NFL 10. Polamalu sprained his MCL in the first half of the season opener and missed the next four games. After returning, Polamalu played in three more games before injuring his posterior cruciate ligament on November 14, 2009 against Cincinnati, and missed more games as a result. Fitzgerald, on the other hand, started all 16 regular season and both playoff games for the Cardinals. He did not attend the Pro Bowl due to a rib injury, leaving Steve Smith of the New York Giants to take his spot in the 2010 Pro Bowl. He recorded 97 receptions (third-most of his NFL career), 1,092 yards (fourth-most), and a career-high 13 touchdowns.^[42]
• Madden NFL 11 cover athlete Drew Brees played in every game of the 2010 NFL Season. However, he threw twice as many interceptions (22) that season than in the Saints' 2009 Super Bowl-winning campaign (11). Also, his Quarterback Rating dropped nearly 20 points, and the Saints lost in the first round of the playoffs to the 7-9 Seattle Seahawks, the only team to date to make the playoffs with a losing record in a full-length season. He made the 2011 Pro Bowl as a reserve, after being unable to participate in the 2010 Pro Bowl, as the Saints had made the Super Bowl. Brees played 6 weeks of the NFL Season with a torn MCL, a fact that was first outed by his teammate, Heath Evans,^[43] later confirmed by another teammate, Jon Stinchcomb^[44] and, eventually, Brees himself.^[45] More recently, Brees's team, the New Orleans Saints, were implicated in a bounty scandal. The Saints lost draft picks, and head coach Sean Payton was suspended for the 2012 NFL season. Former defensive coordinator Gregg Williams has been suspended indefinitely.
• Madden NFL 12 cover athlete Peyton Hillis missed five games in the 2011 NFL season with a hamstring injury and missed one game with strep throat, causing his numbers to decline continuously after the second week. Hillis suffered a re-injury to his hamstring during practice before week nine. In addition, his divisive behavior in the Browns locker room during the season, particularly with regards to his contentious contract negotiations, were the subject of much media attention. Hillis eventually left the Browns, signing a with the Kansas City Chiefs during the off season as a free agent.^[46] When asked about his significant decline, Hillis pointed towards the infamous Madden curse as a factor, saying "Things didn't work in my favor this year. There's a few things that happened this year that made me believe in curses. Ain't no doubt about it." ^[47]

When asked about the "Madden Curse", Chris Erb, the EA Sports director of marketing, commented, "I don't know that we believe in the curse. The players don't believe in the curse."^[36] To earn the honor of being put on the game cover, a player is usually coming off of a strong year and some regression the following year is to be expected, though many cover athletes had season-ending injuries. The injuries that Madden cover athletes experience could be attributed to the physical nature of football.^[36]

Starting with Madden NFL 12 fans have voted to choose the cover athlete. Whether or not the Madden Curse exists, EA believes that many fans voted against their favorite player in hopes of avoiding it.^[2] The Madden Curse has become so prominent, that it's even gained the attention of the gaming world, creating odds on how likely an injury will occur to the player appearing on the cover.^[48] In December 2010, EA announced their plans on developing a movie based on the Curse, which will be a comedy, and not based on fate-based horror movies like Final Destination.^[49]

Madden Bowl[link]

The Madden Bowl is a single elimination tournament held on the most current edition of Madden NFL. It has been held since 1995 during Super Bowl weekend in the host city and, in the past, participation included NFL players and celebrities. The Madden Bowl's participation has changed over the years from being an event held with athletes, musicians, and celebrities, to become an event where only NFL players who are invited to participate get a chance to play. Participants in the Madden Bowl are free to choose whichever team they like. Winners receive a Madden Bowl trophy and recognition in the upcoming Madden video game.

The 2006 Madden Bowl, held during the weekend of Super Bowl XL in Detroit, Michigan, was televised on ESPN and premiered in April 2006. It is not to be confused with Madden Nation, which was a reality television show that chronicled a cross-country trip to crown the best Madden player in America, which also aired on ESPN.

As of 2011, the Madden Bowl competition utilizes the new Online Team Play feature included in Madden NFL 11. Rather than competing as individuals, players form groups of three to square-off for the trophy.

Madden Bowl winners[link]

• 1995: Reggie Brooks
• 1996: Reggie Brooks
• 1997: Jimmy Spencer
• 1998: Morris Chestnut
• 1999: Ray Mickens
• 2000: Terry Jackson
• 2001: Jacquez Green
• 2002: Jacquez Green
• 2003: Dwight Freeney
• 2004: Dwight Freeney
• 2005: Michael Lewis
• 2006: Alex Smith
• 2007: Alex Smith
• 2008: Willis McGahee
• 2009: Antonio Bryant
• 2010: Maurice Jones-Drew
• 2011: Patrick Willis, Chad Ochocinco, and Maria Menounos
• 2012: Drew Brees, Jimmy Graham, and Tim Tebow

Rookie Madden Bowl winners[link]

• 2006: Alex Smith
• 2007: Vince Young
• 2008: Devin Thomas
• 2009: Vernon Gholston

Annual EA Super Bowl simulation[link]

Since 2004, EA games has run a simulation of the Super Bowl using the latest game in the "Madden NFL" series and announced the result. The game simulations conducted by EA have predicted seven of the last nine Super Bowl winners (both cases where the prediction ran counter to the actual outcome featured wild card teams winning the Super Bowl). EA also releases a computer-generated description of the simulated game as if it were a summary of the real Super Bowl. The results of the simulated and actual Super Bowl games are listed below.

• 2004: Patriots 23, Panthers 20^[50] (Actual score: Patriots 32, Panthers 29)
• 2005: Patriots 47, Eagles 31^[51] (Actual score: Patriots 24, Eagles 21)
• 2006: Steelers 24, Seahawks 19^[52] (Actual score: Steelers 21, Seahawks 10)
• 2007: Colts 38, Bears 27^[53] (Actual score: Colts 29, Bears 17)
• 2008: Patriots 38, Giants 30^[54] (Actual score: Giants 17, Patriots 14)
• 2009: Steelers 28, Cardinals 24^[55] (Actual score: Steelers 27, Cardinals 23)
• 2010: Saints 35, Colts 31^[56] (Actual score: Saints 31, Colts 17)
• 2011: Steelers 24, Packers 20^[57](Actual score: Packers 31, Steelers 25)
• 2012: Giants 27, Patriots 24 ^[58](Actual score: Giants 21, Patriots 17)

References[link]

External links[link]

• Official website for current version of Madden NFL
• Official website for Madden NFL generally
• Madden NFL series at MobyGames

Andrew Luck

Luck in August 2010
No. 12     Indianapolis Colts
Quarterback
Personal information
Date of birth: (1989-09-12) September 12, 1989 (age 22)
Place of birth: Washington, D. C.
Height: 6 ft 4 in (1.93 m) Weight: 234 lb (106 kg)
Career information
High school: Houston (TX) Stratford
College: Stanford
NFL Draft: 2012 / Round: 1 / Pick: 1
No regular season or postseason appearances
Career history
Indianapolis Colts (2012–present)
Roster status: Unsigned Draft Pick
Career highlights and awards
2× First-team All-American (2010, 2011) Maxwell Award as Player of the Year (2011) Walter Camp Player of the Year Award (2011) Johnny Unitas Golden Arm Award (2011) CoSIDA Academic All-America of the Year (2011) 2× Pac-12 Offensive Player of the Year (2010, 2011) 3× First-team All Pac-12 (2009, 2010, 2011) 3× Pac-12 All-Academic (2009, 2010, 2011) Orange Bowl MVP (2011) College records
Career NFL statistics as of 2012
TD–INT 0–0 Passing yards 0 QB Rating 0.0 Stats at NFL.com

Andrew Austen Luck (born September 12, 1989) is an American football quarterback for the Indianapolis Colts of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for Stanford University, won the Maxwell Award and Walter Camp Award as college football's player of the year, and was recognized as an All-American.^[1] He was the runner-up for the Heisman Trophy in both 2010 and 2011. He was named the Offensive Player of the Year in the Pac-12 (Pac-10) Conference in both 2010 and 2011. CBS Sports draft analyst Rob Rang called Luck the best prospect he has ever scouted,^[2] while the Kansas City Star puts him in line with LeBron James and Bryce Harper as "the most hyped amateurs in recent sports memory".^[3] Although widely projected as the No. 1 selection in the 2011 NFL Draft, Luck decided to return to Stanford for his redshirt junior season.^[4]

Early life[link]

Luck was born in Washington, D.C.,^[5] the son of Oliver Luck, current athletic director and a former quarterback at West Virginia University and former NFL quarterback for the Houston Oilers, and Kathy Wilson Luck. Andrew Luck spent his early childhood in London, England and Frankfurt, Germany, where his father was general manager of two World League of American Football teams prior to becoming president of the league. He is the oldest of four children, Mary Ellen, Emily, and Addison, who currently reside in Houston. In London, he attended The American School in London.^[6]

The Lucks returned to Texas when Oliver Luck was named CEO of the Harris County-Houston Sports Authority. In Houston, Andrew attended Stratford High School, where he threw for 7,139 yards and 53 touchdowns in his high school career, and rushed for another 2,085 yards.^[7] Luck was also co-valedictorian of his graduating class in 2008.^[7] Regarded as a four-star recruit by Rivals.com, Luck was listed as the No. 4 pro-style quarterback in the class of 2008.^[8] A highly-rated high school recruiting target,^[7] he chose Stanford over offers from Northwestern, Oklahoma State, Purdue, Rice, and Virginia, after being recruited by Stanford head coach Jim Harbaugh.^[9]

Name	Hometown	High school / college	Height	Weight	40‡	Commit date
Andrew Luck QB	Houston, Texas	Stratford HS	6 ft 3 in (1.91 m)	210 lb (95 kg)	4.7	Jun 30, 2007
	Scout:   Rivals:   ESPN grade: 82
Overall recruiting rankings: Scout: 4 (QB)   Rivals: 4 (QB)  ESPN: 7 (QB)
Note: In many cases, Scout and Rivals may conflict in their listings of height and weight. In these cases, an average of the two was taken. ESPN grades are on a 100-point scale. Sources: "Stanford Football Commitments". Rivals.com. http://rivals.yahoo.com/footballrecruiting/football/recruiting/commitments/2008/alabama-63. Retrieved 2011-12-14.  "2008 Stanford Football Commits". Scout.com. http://scout.scout.com/a.z?s=18&p=9&c=8&yr=2008. Retrieved 2011-12-14.  "ESPN". ESPN.com. http://espn.go.com/college-football/recruiting/school/_/id/24/class/2008. Retrieved 2011-12-14.  "Scout.com Team Recruiting Rankings". Scout.com. http://scout.scout.com/a.z?s=18&p=9&c=14&yr=2008. Retrieved 2011-12-14.  "2008 Team Ranking". Rivals.com. http://www.rivals.com/TeamRank.asp?type=0&sort=0&year=2008. Retrieved 2011-12-14.

College career[link]

2009 season[link]

After redshirting during his freshman year in 2008, he earned the starting quarterback job in 2009 over the returning starter, Tavita Pritchard, thereby becoming the first Stanford freshman to earn the starting quarterback job since Chad Hutchinson in 1996.^[6] In his first season, Luck led the Cardinal to victories over top ten Oregon and USC teams and a berth in the 2009 Sun Bowl.^[10] Playing in a run-oriented offense featuring Heisman Trophy runner-up Toby Gerhart, Luck threw for 2,575 yards. Luck had 2,929 yards of total offense, the fifth highest total in Stanford history. He led the Pac-10 in pass efficiency rating with a rating of 143.5, and finished second in the Pac-10 in total offense.^[11]

Luck injured a finger on his throwing hand in the Cardinal's final regular season game against Notre Dame. He had surgery prior to the Sun Bowl and did not play in the game.^[12]

2010 season[link]

Luck being photographed after the Big Game between Stanford and Cal in 2010

In 2010, Luck emerged as one of the top players in the nation. Luck was named the Pac-10 Offensive Player of the Year and was unanimously selected to the All Pac-10 First Team. Luck led Stanford to a 12–1 record, a # 4 ranking in the final AP Poll, and a victory in the Orange Bowl. Luck was named the Orange Bowl MVP after throwing 4 TD passes in Stanford's 40–12 win over Virginia Tech. Luck led the Pac-10 in pass efficiency for the second straight year with a quarterback rating of 170.2. He also led the conference in total offense with 3,791 yards, in passing yards with 3,338 yards, and in touchdown passes with 32. Luck rushed for 453 yards, a record for Stanford quarterbacks, with three runs of over 50 yards. Luck's 32 touchdown passes are a new Stanford record, breaking the old record of 27 held by John Elway and Steve Stenstrom. Luck's 3,791 yards of total offense also are a school record, breaking the old record of 3,398 yards held by Stenstrom. Luck also set new Stanford single season records for completion percentage (70.7%) and pass efficiency rating (170.2). He won the Pac-10 Offensive Player of the Week award for his performances against Arizona and California.

Luck finished the 2010 season with two years of college eligibility remaining. He was eligible to declare for the 2011 NFL Draft, but announced on January 6, 2011 that he would remain at Stanford to complete his degree.^[4][13] He is viewed by many TV sportscasters and ESPN writers as the top pro quarterback prospect in college football. In December 2010, Sporting News projected Luck as the No. 1 selection in the 2011 NFL Draft, had he entered.^[14]

2011 season[link]

In 2011, Luck led Stanford to a record of 11–2, a berth in a BCS bowl (the Fiesta Bowl), and a # 7 ranking in the final AP Poll. He won the Maxwell Award and the Walter Camp Player of the Year Award. He was the runner-up for the Heisman Trophy for the second consecutive year, becoming the fourth player to finish second in the Heisman voting twice. He was named a First Team All America (AFCA, Walter Camp, ESPN.com, Pro Football Weekly). He was the Pac-12 Offensive Player of the Year, becoming only the fifth player to win that award twice (after John Elway, Charles White, Reggie Bush, and Rueben Mayes). He was named First Team All Pac-12 for the second straight year. Luck set a new Stanford record for career touchdown passes with 82, breaking John Elway's record of 77. Luck also set a new school record for touchdown passes in a season with 37, breaking his own record of 32. Luck set another school record for career total offense with 10,387 yards, breaking Steve Stenstrom's mark of 9,825 yards. Luck became Stanford's all-time leader in wins by a starting quarterback, with 31 wins through the end of the regular season. Luck also became Stanford's all-time leader in winning percentage by a starting quarterback, with a winning percentage of .816 (31–7). Luck broke the Pac-12 records for career passing efficiency rating (162.8) and career completion percentage (67.0%). He also broke his own Pac-12 record for highest completion percentage in a season (71.3%). Luck was named Pac-12 Offensive Player of the Week for his performance against Washington State. He earned the 2011 Academic All-America of the Year award.^[15]

Statistics[link]

Awards and honors[link]

2011 season

• First Team All America (AFCA, Walter Camp, ESPN.com, PFW)
• Maxwell Award Winner
• Walter Camp Player of the Year Award Winner
• Johnny Unitas Golden Arm Award Winner
• Heisman Trophy Runner Up
• Davey O'Brien Award Finalist
• Manning Award Finalist
• Academic All-America of the Year (CoSIDA)
• Pac-12 Offensive Player of the Year
• First Team All Pac-12
• First Team Pac-12 All Academic Team
• Pac-12 Offensive Player of the Week, October 17, 2011

2010 season

• Heisman Trophy Runner Up
• Maxwell Award Finalist
• Walter Camp Award Finalist
• Davey O'Brien Award Finalist
• Manning Award Finalist
• Second Team All America (AP, Walter Camp, SI.com, CBSSports.com)
• Pac-10 Offensive Player of the Year
• First Team All Pac-10
• Second Team Pac-10 All Academic Team
• Orange Bowl MVP
• Pac-10 Offensive Player of the Week, Nov. 8, 2010 & Nov. 22, 2010

2009 season

• Freshman All America (The Sporting News, CollegeFootballNews.com, Scout.com)
• Honorable Mention All Pac-10
• First Team Pac-10 All Academic Team

Records[link]

Pac-12 single season records

• Highest completion percentage, season—71.3% (2011)

Pac-12 career records

• Highest passing efficiency rating, career—162.8
• Highest completion percentage, career—67.0%

Stanford single season records

• Most touchdown passes, season—37 (2011)
• Most total offense, season—3,791 yards (2010)
• Highest passing efficiency rating, season—170.2 (2010)
• Highest completion percentage, season—71.3% (2011)
• Most yards per pass attempt, season—9.0 (2010)
• Most rushing yards by a quarterback, season—453 yards (2010)

Stanford career records

• Most touchdown passes, career—82
• Most total offense, career—10,387 yards
• Highest passing efficiency rating, career—162.8
• Highest completion percentage, career—67.0%
• Most yards per pass attempt, career—8.9 yards/attempt
• Most rushing yards by a quarterback, career—957 yards
• Most wins by a starting quarterback, career—31
• Highest winning percentage by a starting quarterback, career – .816

Professional career[link]

2012 NFL Draft[link]

In September 2010, prior to Luck's sophomore season, Sports Illustrated′s Tony Pauline considered him to be "the most NFL-ready of all the draft-eligible quarterback prospects."^[16] After a stellar sophomore year, Luck was widely projected to be the No. 1 pick in the 2011 NFL Draft, but decided to return for his junior season.^[4] Right after the 2011 draft, in May 2011, he was unanimously projected as the top prospect for the 2012 NFL Draft.^[17][18][19] By midseason, Pauline described him as "the best quarterback prospect since Peyton Manning" in 1998,^[20] while ESPN′s Mel Kiper, Jr. went even further, calling Luck the best quarterback prospect since John Elway in 1983.^[21]