- published: 12 Dec 2008
- views: 706239
- author: ElusiveAtSeventyTwo
Vimeo results:
Youtube results:
add
Loading...
Branches of Mathematics
Pure mathematics
Applied mathematics
- Dynamical systems and differential equations
- Mathematical physics
- Computing
- Information theory and signal processing
- Probability and statistics
- Game theory
- Operations research
Related Topics
- Electromagnetic Spectrum
- Linear Equations
- Applied Physics
- Nano Technology
- Engineering Sciences
- Mathematical Medicine
- Fluid dynamics
- Computational Mathematics
- Gamma Ray Optics
- Onfrared Optics
- Relative Velocity
- Iciam
- Intelligent Imaging Neuroscience
- Biomedical Engineering
- Neuroscience Research
- Quantum Cosmology
- Brain Research
Open Collage in a new Window
Email the Collage
- Loading...
Loading suggestions ...
- 1834
- 1837
- 1838
- 1842
- 1844
- 1845
- 1846
- 1847
- 1849
- 1850
- 1852
- 1855
- 1858
- 1859
- 1861
- 1865
- 1866
- 1867
- 1868
- 1869
- 1874
- 1875
- 1878
- 1883
- 1884
- 1888
- 1890s
- 1891
- 1892
- 1893
- 1899
- 1900–1909
- 1903
- 1904
- 1910s
- 1920
- 1920s
- 1921
- 1922
- 1923
- 1923 Berkeley Fire
- 1923 in archaeology
- 1923 in architecture
- 1923 in art
- 1923 in Australia
- 1923 in aviation
- 1923 in Canada
- 1923 in China
- 1923 in comics
- 1923 in Ecuador
- 1923 in film
- 1923 in France
- 1923 in Germany
- 1923 in Greece
- 1923 in India
- 1923 in Ireland
- 1923 in Italy
- 1923 in Japan
- 1923 in literature
- 1923 in Malaya
- 1923 in Mexico
- 1923 in music
- 1923 in New Zealand
- 1923 in Norway
- 1923 in poetry
- 1923 in radio
- 1923 in science
- 1923 in Singapore
- 1923 in South Africa
- 1923 in sports
- 1923 in television
- 1924
- 1925
- 1926
- 1930s
- 1940s
- 1944
- 1945
- 1950s
- 1953
- 1955
- 1960
- 1964
- 1966
- 1968
- 1969
- 1970
- 1971
- 1974
- 1976
- 1977
- 1978
- 1981
- 1985
- 1986
- 1988
- 1990
- 1991
- 1992
- 1993
- 1994
- 1995
- 1996
- 1997
- 1998
- 1999
- 19th century
- 2000
- 2001
- 2002
- 2003
- 2004
- 2005
- 2006
- 2007
- 2008
- 2009
- 2010
- 2011
- 2012
- 20th century
- 21st century
- 2nd millennium
- Aaron Spelling
- Ab urbe condita
- Abe Pollin
- Adolf Hitler
- Ahmad Shah Qajar
- Aidan Houlihan
- Airship
- Al Lewis (actor)
- Alan Shepard
- Albert Chevalier
- Albert Einstein
- Albert Guðmundsson
- Albert King
- Alice Haylett
- Anglo-Egyptian Sudan
- Ankara
- Anne Baxter
- Anne Jeffreys
- Anthony Hecht
- Antigone (Sophocles)
- Antoni Tàpies
- Antonin Artaud
- April 12
- April 13
- April 18
- April 2
- April 20
- April 22
- April 23
- April 25
- April 26
- April 30
- April 4
- April 5
- April 6
- April 8
- Ara Parseghian
- Aristides Pereira
- Armand Borel
- Armenian calendar
- Arthur Hiller
- Arthur Honegger
- Arthur Jensen
- Arvid Carlsson
- Assi Rahbani
- Assyrian calendar
- Atatürk
- Atlantic basin
- August 11
- August 13
- August 16
- August 2
- August 20
- August 21
- August 23
- August 24
- August 26
- August 29
- August 3
- August 30
- August 5
- August 6
- Australia
- Autogyro
- Bahá'í calendar
- Barcelona
- Bavaria
- Beer Hall Putsch
- Belgium
- Bengali calendar
- Berber calendar
- Berkeley, California
- Berlin
- Bertolt Brecht
- Bettie Page
- Billy Haughton
- Billy Hughes
- Bjørn Watt-Boolsen
- Black Reichswehr
- Bob Barker
- Bob Dole
- Bonar Law
- Brendan Behan
- Bronx, NY
- Buddhist calendar
- Bulgaria
- Byzantine calendar
- California
- Calvin Coolidge
- Canada
- Carl L. Boeckmann
- Category 1923
- Category 1923 awards
- Category 1923 births
- Category 1923 deaths
- Category 1923 in law
- Category 1923 works
- Cesare Rubini
- Cesare Siepi
- Ceylon
- Charles Durning
- Charles McClendon
- Charlton Heston
- Chihuahua (state)
- China
- Chinese calendar
- Chuck Yeager
- Coalition government
- Communist
- Conrad Bain
- Constantinople
- Coptic calendar
- Coptic Christianity
- Corfu
- Cot Deal
- Currency
- Daniil Khrabrovitsky
- Dannie Abse
- David Soyer
- December 1
- December 12
- December 13
- December 14
- December 15
- December 17
- December 19
- December 2
- December 20
- December 22
- December 23
- December 24
- December 25
- December 27
- December 29
- December 3
- December 5
- Dede Allen
- Denise Levertov
- Destroyer
- Dev Anand
- Devan Nair
- Dexter Gordon
- Diana Douglas
- Diane Arbus
- Dictatorship
- Dolph Briscoe
- Don Adams
- Dorila Antommarchi
- Doris Dowling
- Dorothy Hewett
- Ed McMahon
- Edith Barney
- Edith Södergran
- Edith Thompson
- Edward Mulhare
- Egypt
- Eiffel tower
- Eleanor Dapkus
- Elizabeth Jolley
- Elon College
- England
- Enrique Angelelli
- Eric Sykes
- Ernst Nolte
- Estelle Getty
- Ethiopian calendar
- Faas Wilkes
- FC Rapid Bucureşti
- February 10
- February 12
- February 13
- February 17
- February 2
- February 20
- February 22
- February 23
- February 24
- February 27
- February 28
- February 3
- February 4
- February 7
- February 9
- Film director
- Finland
- Finnair
- Firehole River
- Florida
- Forbes Burnham
- Francis Tucker
- Franco Zeffirelli
- Frank Sutton
- Frederick Banting
- Freeman Dyson
- Fritz Pregl
- G. Spencer-Brown
- Gabrielle Chanel
- Gdynia
- Geologist
- Georg Luger
- George Patton IV
- George VI
- Gerard Reve
- German papiermark
- German Papiermark
- Giuseppina Tuissi
- Glacier
- Glynis Johns
- Gordon R. Dickson
- Governor-General
- Great Britain
- Greece
- Gregorian calendar
- Griviţa
- Gulf of Mexico
- Guomindang
- Gus Zernial
- Gustav Stresemann
- Gustave Eiffel
- György Ligeti
- H.S.S. Lawrence
- Hail
- Hanged
- Hank Williams
- Hans von Seeckt
- Harrison Dillard
- Healthcare
- Hebrew calendar
- Henry C. Mustin
- Henry F. Warner
- Henry Kissinger
- Heydar Aliyev
- Hidalgo del Parral
- Hindu calendar
- Hispaniola
- Hjalmar Andersen
- Holocene calendar
- Honda Point Disaster
- Hugh Kenner
- Hugh Shearer
- Hyperinflation
- Imperialism
- Interpol
- Ira Hayes
- Iranian calendar
- Ireland
- Irene Lieblich
- Irish Civil War
- Islamic calendar
- İsmet İnönü
- Istanbul
- Italo Calvino
- Italy
- J. Esmonde Barry
- Jack Kilby
- Jacobo Timerman
- James Arness
- James Dewar
- James Dickey
- James Jabara
- James Stockdale
- January 1
- January 10
- January 11
- January 12
- January 16
- January 17
- January 18
- January 19
- January 22
- January 23
- January 25
- January 26
- January 29
- January 3
- January 31
- January 5
- January 6
- January 7
- January 8
- January 9
- Japan
- Japanese calendar
- Jaroslav Hasek
- Jaroslav Pelikan
- Jean Carson
- Jean Cocteau
- Jean Hagen
- Jean Stapleton
- Jerome H. Lemelson
- Jim Reeves
- John Bradley (Navy)
- John Lanchbery
- John Venn
- Johnny Most
- Johnny Wardle
- Joseph Heller
- Juan de la Cierva
- Julian calendar
- July 10
- July 17
- July 18
- July 19
- July 2
- July 20
- July 21
- July 22
- July 23
- July 24
- July 28
- July 29
- July 4
- July 6
- July 8
- Jun Fukuda
- June 10
- June 13
- June 14
- June 15
- June 16
- June 18
- June 1993
- June 20
- June 23
- June 24
- June 25
- June 27
- June 28
- June 4
- June 9
- Kali Yuga
- Kalidas Shrestha
- Karl Laforce
- Katherine Mansfield
- Kato Tomosaburo
- Kay Lionikas
- Kemal Atatürk
- Klaipėda Region
- Klaipėda Revolt
- Korean calendar
- Ku Klux Klan
- Kuomintang
- Kuroki Tamemoto
- Larry Doby
- Larry Grayson
- Larry Storch
- League of Nations
- Lebanon
- Lee Kuan Yew
- Lee Stack
- Leeward Islands
- Linda Christian
- List of centuries
- List of decades
- List of years
- Lithuania
- London
- Louis Simpson
- Louk Hulsman
- Lucas Mangope
- Luis Aloma
- Madeleine Dring
- Mahlon Clark
- Malaysia
- Marcel Duchamp
- Marcel Marceau
- March 1
- March 10
- March 12
- March 14
- March 2
- March 21
- March 22
- March 24
- March 25
- March 26
- March 27
- March 28
- March 30
- March 4
- March 6
- March 7
- March 8
- March 9
- Maria Callas
- Martha Mansfield
- Mary Francis Shura
- Mauno Koivisto
- Max Nordau
- May 1
- May 10
- May 11
- May 15
- May 16
- May 18
- May 2
- May 21
- May 23
- May 24
- May 26
- May 27
- May 28
- May 3
- May 31
- May 4
- May 5
- May 7
- May 9
- Merle Keagle
- Merton Miller
- Michael Legat
- Michigan
- Millennium
- Millôr Fernandes
- Milton Acorn
- Mime artist
- Minguo calendar
- Moira Lister
- Mort Walker
- Mother Angelica
- Mount Etna
- Moyra Fraser
- Mukesh (singer)
- Munich
- Murray Hamilton
- Murray Walker
- Nadine Gordimer
- Nazism
- Nirmala Srivastava
- Nobel Peace Prize
- Norma Zimmer
- Norman Mailer
- North Carolina
- November 1
- November 12
- November 13
- November 14
- November 15
- November 17
- November 18
- November 19
- November 2
- November 20
- November 22
- November 23
- November 25
- November 26
- November 3
- November 30
- November 5
- November 8
- November 9
- Oaxaca
- October 10
- October 13
- October 14
- October 15
- October 16
- October 17
- October 2
- October 2003
- October 23
- October 24
- October 25
- October 26
- October 27
- October 29
- October 3
- October 30
- October 4
- October 5
- October 6
- Oskar Körner
- Ottoman Empire
- Pablo Picasso
- Pacific basin
- Paddy Chayefsky
- Panama
- Pancho Villa
- Pat Phoenix
- Patent
- Patrick Hillery
- Persia
- Peter Vaughan
- Pierre Loti
- Po River
- Poland
- President of Finland
- President of Guyana
- President of Ireland
- President of Israel
- Queen Victoria
- Queen's Counsel
- Rahula College
- Railway
- Railways Act 1921
- Rainbow trout
- Ralph Hall
- Ram Kishore Shukla
- Ramon Valdes
- Raymond Radiguet
- Regia Aeronautica
- Regnal year
- Republic
- Republic of China
- Republic of Turkey
- Residenz Theatre
- Reza Shah
- Ricardo Lavié
- Richard Attenborough
- Richard Wollheim
- Robert Maxwell
- Robin Day
- Rocky Marciano
- Roman numerals
- Roméo Sabourin
- Rosewood massacre
- Rosewood, Florida
- Rostov
- Roy Dotrice
- Roy O. Disney
- Rudolf Friedrich
- Rudolph A. Marcus
- Russian Civil War
- SABENA
- Sam Francis
- Sam Phillips
- Sarah Bernhardt
- September 1
- September 10
- September 13
- September 16
- September 17
- September 18
- September 20
- September 22
- September 23
- September 24
- September 26
- September 29
- September 3
- September 30
- September 4
- September 6
- September 7
- September 8
- September 9
- Sexagenary cycle
- Shimon Peres
- Short scale
- Siberia
- Singapore
- Sir Michael Kerry
- Sir Patrick Moore
- Sonia Olschanezky
- Southeast Asia
- Soviet Union
- Stanislaw Albinowski
- Stanley Bruce
- Stansfield Turner
- Stephanie Kwolek
- Sully Boyar
- Sun Yatsen
- Switzerland
- Taishō
- Thad Jones
- Thai solar calendar
- The Fabulous Moolah
- Third International
- Théophile Delcassé
- Théophile Steinlen
- Time (magazine)
- Tiresias
- Tokyo
- Tomás Ó Fiaich
- Trade union
- Treasury Solicitor
- Treaty of Lausanne
- Tropical storm
- Turkey
- Turks and Caicos
- United States
- United States dollar
- United States Navy
- Val Logsdon Fitch
- Victoria Institution
- Vikram Samvat
- Vladimir K. Zworykin
- Vladimir Lenin
- Vulo Radev
- Wallace Reid
- Wally Schirra
- Walt Disney
- Walter Kohn
- Warren G. Harding
- Weimar Republic
- Wes Montgomery
- Westminster Abbey
- Wilhelm Röntgen
- William Butler Yeats
- Wim van Est
- Wisława Szymborska
- Wojciech Jaruzelski
- Wolfgang Sawallisch
- World War I
- Yakut Revolt
- Yfrah Neaman
- Yokohama
- 1923 Berkeley Fire
- Ankara
- Australia
- Barcelona
- Bavaria
- Beer Hall Putsch
- Belgium
- Berlin
- Bulgaria
- California
- Canada
- China
- Constantinople
- Egypt
- Eiffel tower
- England
- Finland
- Florida
- Gdynia
- Great Britain
- Greece
- Gulf of Mexico
- Hispaniola
- Interpol
- Ireland
- Istanbul
- Italy
- Japan
- Lebanon
- Lithuania
- London
- Malaysia
- Michigan
- Nobel Peace Prize
- North Carolina
- Oaxaca
- Panama
- Poland
- President of Israel
- Residenz Theatre
- Rosewood massacre
- Rostov
- Siberia
- Singapore
- Soviet Union
- Switzerland
- Tokyo
- Turkey
- United States
- Victoria Institution
- Weimar Republic
- Yokohama
- Aaron Spelling
- Abe Pollin
- Adolf Hitler
- Ahmad Shah Qajar
- Alan Shepard
- Albert Chevalier
- Albert Einstein
- Albert Guðmundsson
- Albert King
- Alice Haylett
- Anne Baxter
- Anne Jeffreys
- Anthony Hecht
- Antoni Tàpies
- Antonin Artaud
- Ara Parseghian
- Aristides Pereira
- Armand Borel
- Arthur Hiller
- Arthur Honegger
- Arthur Jensen
- Arvid Carlsson
- Assi Rahbani
- Bertolt Brecht
- Bettie Page
- Billy Haughton
- Billy Hughes
- Bob Barker
- Bob Dole
- Bonar Law
- Brendan Behan
- Calvin Coolidge
- Cesare Rubini
- Cesare Siepi
- Charles Durning
- Charles McClendon
- Charlton Heston
- Chuck Yeager
- Conrad Bain
- Cot Deal
- Daniil Khrabrovitsky
- Dannie Abse
- David Soyer
- Dede Allen
- Denise Levertov
- Dev Anand
- Devan Nair
- Dexter Gordon
- Diane Arbus
- Dolph Briscoe
- Don Adams
- Dorila Antommarchi
- Doris Dowling
- Dorothy Hewett
- Ed McMahon
- Edith Barney
- Edith Södergran
- Edward Mulhare
- Eleanor Dapkus
- Elizabeth Jolley
- Enrique Angelelli
- Eric Sykes
- Ernst Nolte
- Estelle Getty
- Faas Wilkes
- Forbes Burnham
- Francis Tucker
- Franco Zeffirelli
- Frank Sutton
- Frederick Banting
- Freeman Dyson
- Fritz Pregl
- Georg Luger
- George Patton IV
- George VI
- Gerard Reve
- Giuseppina Tuissi
- Glynis Johns
- Gus Zernial
- Gustav Stresemann
- Gustave Eiffel
- György Ligeti
- Hank Williams
- Hans von Seeckt
- Harrison Dillard
- Henry Kissinger
- Heydar Aliyev
- Hjalmar Andersen
- Hugh Kenner
- Hugh Shearer
- Interpol
- Ira Hayes
- Irene Lieblich
- Irish Civil War
- İsmet İnönü
- Italo Calvino
- Jack Kilby
- Jacobo Timerman
- James Arness
- James Dewar
- James Dickey
- James Jabara
- James Stockdale
- Jaroslav Pelikan
- Jean Carson
- Jean Cocteau
- Jean Hagen
- Jean Stapleton
- Jim Reeves
- John Lanchbery
- John Venn
- Johnny Most
- Johnny Wardle
- Joseph Heller
- Juan de la Cierva
- Jun Fukuda
- Kalidas Shrestha
- Karl Laforce
- Katherine Mansfield
- Kay Lionikas
- Kuroki Tamemoto
- Larry Doby
- Larry Grayson
- Larry Storch
- Lee Kuan Yew
- Lee Stack
- Linda Christian
- Louis Simpson
- Louk Hulsman
- Lucas Mangope
- Luis Aloma
- Madeleine Dring
- Mahlon Clark
- Marcel Duchamp
- Marcel Marceau
- Maria Callas
- Martha Mansfield
- Mary Francis Shura
- Mauno Koivisto
- Max Nordau
- Merle Keagle
- Merton Miller
- Michael Legat
- Millôr Fernandes
- Milton Acorn
- Moira Lister
- Mort Walker
- Mother Angelica
- Moyra Fraser
- Murray Hamilton
- Murray Walker
- Nadine Gordimer
- Nirmala Srivastava
- Norma Zimmer
- Norman Mailer
- Oskar Körner
- Pablo Picasso
- Paddy Chayefsky
- Pancho Villa
- Pat Phoenix
- Patrick Hillery
- Peter Vaughan
- Pierre Loti
- Queen Victoria
- Ralph Hall
- Ram Kishore Shukla
- Raymond Radiguet
- Ricardo Lavié
- Richard Attenborough
- Richard Wollheim
- Robert Maxwell
- Robin Day
- Rocky Marciano
- Roméo Sabourin
- Roy Dotrice
- Rudolf Friedrich
- Russian Civil War
- Sam Francis
- Sam Phillips
- Sarah Bernhardt
- Shimon Peres
- Stanley Bruce
- Stansfield Turner
- Stephanie Kwolek
- Sully Boyar
- Thad Jones
- The Fabulous Moolah
- Théophile Delcassé
- Théophile Steinlen
- Tomás Ó Fiaich
- Val Logsdon Fitch
- Vladimir Lenin
- Vulo Radev
- Wallace Reid
- Wally Schirra
- Walt Disney
- Walter Kohn
- Wes Montgomery
- Wilhelm Röntgen
- Wim van Est
- Wisława Szymborska
- Wojciech Jaruzelski
- Wolfgang Sawallisch
- World War I
- Yfrah Neaman
Send this Playlist by SMS
Harold Lloyd's "Safety Last"- 1923
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 7:35
- Updated: 18 May 2013
As my final project for my music composition course, I wrote original music to this scene from Harold Lloyd's silent film "Safety Last". Harold is trying to ...
http://wn.com/Harold_Lloyd's_Safety_Last_1923
As my final project for my music composition course, I wrote original music to this scene from Harold Lloyd's silent film "Safety Last". Harold is trying to ...
Cycle-Skating - The New Sport of 1923
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:12
- Updated: 06 May 2013
Cycle-Skating - The New Sport of 1923. The precursor to rolling blading. Men in Paris enjoy this new sport. Check out the Sporting HIstory Channel: http://ww...
http://wn.com/Cycle-Skating_The_New_Sport_of_1923
Cycle-Skating - The New Sport of 1923. The precursor to rolling blading. Men in Paris enjoy this new sport. Check out the Sporting HIstory Channel: http://ww...
- published: 27 Jan 2012
- views: 469220
- author: SportingHistory
Ист. Хроники: 1923 - Всеволод Мейерхольд
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 44:05
- Updated: 01 May 2013
Исторические Хроники с Николаем Сванидзе.
http://wn.com/Ист_Хроники_1923_Всеволод_Мейерхольд
Исторические Хроники с Николаем Сванидзе.
- published: 26 Aug 2011
- views: 2265
- author: TheComradeRussia
The Queen Mother's wedding, 1923
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:35
- Updated: 14 May 2013
Silent newsreel footage of the wedding day of The Duke of York (later King George VI) and Lady Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon (later Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother) ...
http://wn.com/The_Queen_Mother's_wedding,_1923
Silent newsreel footage of the wedding day of The Duke of York (later King George VI) and Lady Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon (later Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother) ...
- published: 11 Dec 2007
- views: 815741
- author: TheRoyalChannel
Eddie Cantor in 1923 | 2 vaudeville songs
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:00
- Updated: 08 May 2013
Early sound film of comedian Eddie Cantor. Cantor went on to become the highest paid comedian of the 1930s, making several hit movies for Samuel Goldwyn (Who...
http://wn.com/Eddie_Cantor_in_1923_|_2_vaudeville_songs
Early sound film of comedian Eddie Cantor. Cantor went on to become the highest paid comedian of the 1930s, making several hit movies for Samuel Goldwyn (Who...
- published: 22 Feb 2007
- views: 116422
- author: KidMillions
Die Weimarer Republik Teil 1 1918-1923 + Die Jahre der Bedrohung + DoKu
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 9:42
- Updated: 17 May 2013
QUADRIGA 1. http://www.Youtube.com/FensterguckerGermany *Video:Vor- u. Nachspann Copyright:: Ursula Kl. - K. A 1040.Vienna / 10717 Berlin Bearbeitung: Schärf...
http://wn.com/Die_Weimarer_Republik_Teil_1_1918-1923_+_Die_Jahre_der_Bedrohung_+_DoKu
QUADRIGA 1. http://www.Youtube.com/FensterguckerGermany *Video:Vor- u. Nachspann Copyright:: Ursula Kl. - K. A 1040.Vienna / 10717 Berlin Bearbeitung: Schärf...
- published: 14 Mar 2012
- views: 12159
- author: fensterguckergermany
Keltoi! - 1923 (Música). Real Club Celta de Vigo
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:27
- Updated: 19 May 2013
http://historiadoceltadevigo.net.
http://wn.com/Keltoi!_1923_Música_Real_Club_Celta_de_Vigo
Jailhouse Blues (Bessie Smith, 1923) Jazz Legend
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:16
- Updated: 06 May 2013
Jailhouse Blues (1923) Bessie Smith (Vocal) Irving Johns (Piano)
http://wn.com/Jailhouse_Blues_Bessie_Smith,_1923_Jazz_Legend
Jailhouse Blues (1923) Bessie Smith (Vocal) Irving Johns (Piano)
- published: 04 Jun 2009
- author: RagtimeDorianHenry
Radnicki 1923 - Partizan 0:1 (Highlights) 11.05.2013
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:55
- Updated: 11 May 2013
Naša facebook stranica: http://goo.gl/D4pru
Prijatelj našeg kanala je kompanija NET TV Plus. Posetite njihov sajt: www.nettvplus.com
http://wn.com/Radnicki_1923_Partizan_01_Highlights_11052013
Naša facebook stranica: http://goo.gl/D4pru
Prijatelj našeg kanala je kompanija NET TV Plus. Posetite njihov sajt: www.nettvplus.com
- published: 11 May 2013
- views: 499
Ballet Evolved - Pierina Legnani 1863-1923
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:58
- Updated: 13 May 2013
Pierina Legnani was reputed to have been the first ballerina to dance 32 fouettes. But as we find out, this wasn't strictly the case. Including demonstration...
http://wn.com/Ballet_Evolved_Pierina_Legnani_1863-1923
Pierina Legnani was reputed to have been the first ballerina to dance 32 fouettes. But as we find out, this wasn't strictly the case. Including demonstration...
- published: 01 May 2013
- views: 9872
- author: RoyalOperaHouse
Radnicki 1923 - Partizan 0:1 (Sasa Ilic, 69') 11.05.2013
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:12
- Updated: 12 May 2013
Naša facebook stranica: http://goo.gl/D4pru Prijatelj našeg kanala je kompanija NET TV Plus. Posetite njihov sajt: www.nettvplus.com.
http://wn.com/Radnicki_1923_Partizan_01_Sasa_Ilic,_69'_11052013
Naša facebook stranica: http://goo.gl/D4pru Prijatelj našeg kanala je kompanija NET TV Plus. Posetite njihov sajt: www.nettvplus.com.
- published: 11 May 2013
- views: 6781
- author: gringoandamigo
Salomé (1923)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 72:14
- Updated: 18 Feb 2013
Avant-garde adaptation of the Oscar Wilde play, a silent film directed by Charles Bryant and starring Alla Nazimova. Rumors at the time that the cast was all...
http://wn.com/Salomé_1923
Avant-garde adaptation of the Oscar Wilde play, a silent film directed by Charles Bryant and starring Alla Nazimova. Rumors at the time that the cast was all...
- published: 21 Jan 2013
- views: 634
- author: potluckvideos
Delft (1923)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:21
- Updated: 19 Apr 2013
Filmbeelden van markante punten uit de binnenstad van Delft. Deze video of jouw TV-favoriet op DVD bestellen? Ga naar: http://www.beeldengeluid.nl/tvfavoriet.
http://wn.com/Delft_1923
Filmbeelden van markante punten uit de binnenstad van Delft. Deze video of jouw TV-favoriet op DVD bestellen? Ga naar: http://www.beeldengeluid.nl/tvfavoriet.
- published: 20 Sep 2007
- author: BeeldenGeluid
Hyperinflation - Germany 1923
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:14
- Updated: 18 May 2013
A teaching resource to support an explantion of the economic process of inflation; how the Weimar Government reacted and how it contributed to the Year of Cr...
http://wn.com/Hyperinflation_Germany_1923
A teaching resource to support an explantion of the economic process of inflation; how the Weimar Government reacted and how it contributed to the Year of Cr...
- published: 09 Jun 2008
- views: 152154
- author: Plymhistnet
Darius Milhaud - La creation du monde (1923)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 16:42
- Updated: 13 May 2013
Orquesta Nacional de Francia , conducted by Leonard Bernstein Darius Milhaud - La création du monde ,Op.81 (1923) This piece describe the Creation of the Wor...
http://wn.com/Darius_Milhaud_La_creation_du_monde_1923
Orquesta Nacional de Francia , conducted by Leonard Bernstein Darius Milhaud - La création du monde ,Op.81 (1923) This piece describe the Creation of the Wor...
- published: 12 Dec 2011
- views: 32398
- author: Scontch46
Brancusi Filmed (1923-1939)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 59:24
- Updated: 14 May 2013
http://wn.com/Brancusi_Filmed_1923-1939
幻の映像 1923年関東大震災衝撃映像
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 7:24
- Updated: 02 May 2013
関東大震災の映像が70数年ぶりに発見されました.
http://wn.com/幻の映像 1923年関東大震災衝撃映像
Sir Patrick Moore (1923-2012)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:22
- Updated: 22 Mar 2013
Sir Patrick Alfred Caldwell-Moore, CBE, FRS, FRAS (4th March 1923 - 9th December 2012) was an English amateur astronomer who attained prominent status in tha...
http://wn.com/Sir_Patrick_Moore_1923-2012
Sir Patrick Alfred Caldwell-Moore, CBE, FRS, FRAS (4th March 1923 - 9th December 2012) was an English amateur astronomer who attained prominent status in tha...
- published: 10 Dec 2012
- views: 1062
- author: George Pollen
Changes (Novelty Piano Solo) - Edward B. CLAYPOOLE, 1923
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:00
- Updated: 12 May 2013
"Changes" published by Jack Mills Inc. (1923)
http://wn.com/Changes_Novelty_Piano_Solo_Edward_B_CLAYPOOLE,_1923
"Changes" published by Jack Mills Inc. (1923)
- published: 09 May 2013
- views: 108
- author: RagtimeDorianHenry
1923 Ditchburn, Fisher-Allison Class Racer gets Waterline Test
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:46
- Updated: 16 Feb 2013
The WA CHEE WE, a 1923 Ditchburn, Fisher-Allison Class Racer, is briefly dunked in Lake Muskoka to determine its waterline. The boat is being restored at Cla...
http://wn.com/1923_Ditchburn,_Fisher-Allison_Class_Racer_gets_Waterline_Test
The WA CHEE WE, a 1923 Ditchburn, Fisher-Allison Class Racer, is briefly dunked in Lake Muskoka to determine its waterline. The boat is being restored at Cla...
- published: 12 Apr 2012
- views: 1796
- author: Jim Unsworth
1923 - Keltoi
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:25
- Updated: 08 May 2013
Video con imaxes do R.C Celta de Vigo, da man da cancíon do grupo vigués KELTOI, adicada no seu último e derradeiro traballo ( A Nosa Cinza) ó equipo celeste. Que o disfrutedes: ¡¡SEMPRE CELTA!!
http://wn.com/1923_Keltoi
Video con imaxes do R.C Celta de Vigo, da man da cancíon do grupo vigués KELTOI, adicada no seu último e derradeiro traballo ( A Nosa Cinza) ó equipo celeste. Que o disfrutedes: ¡¡SEMPRE CELTA!!
- published: 12 Oct 2010
- author: 19celtavigo23
FA Cup Final 1923 Bolton 2 West Ham 0
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 0:53
- Updated: 13 May 2013
When we were kings...
http://wn.com/FA_Cup_Final_1923_Bolton_2_West_Ham_0
The Ruhr Crisis of 1923
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 0:57
- Updated: 18 Nov 2012
Outlines the tense relations between French and Germans caused by the Ruhr Crisis of 1923.
http://wn.com/The_Ruhr_Crisis_of_1923
Outlines the tense relations between French and Germans caused by the Ruhr Crisis of 1923.
- published: 11 May 2009
- views: 4936
- author: Russel Tarr
photo: Flickr
17 May 2013
17 May 2013, 17.17. Bunga Bunga. Berlusconi 'Prostitute' In Court. Tweet. A teenage former belly dancer who denies having sex with former Italian prime minister Silvio Berlusconi has given her version of events at his allegedly raunchy "bunga bunga" parties ... Prosecutors claim that Miss El Mahroug was 17 when she was paid by the politician for sex and he is on trial separately in relation to that accusation ... She added ... She added ... She said....(size: 5.8Kb)
photo: AP / Jerome Favre
18 May 2013
(Adds Elon Musk details in the 13th paragraph.). May 17 (Bloomberg) -- Bill Gates is once again the world’s richest person. The 57-year-old co-founder of Redmond, Washington-based Microsoft Corp. recaptured the title from Mexican investor Carlos Slim yesterday, according to the Bloomberg Billionaires Index, as the software maker hit a five-year high. It is the first time Gates has held the mantle since 2007 ... He denies the accusation....(size: 4.5Kb)
photo: AP / Misha Japaridze
18 May 2013
The US has scolded Russia for sending missiles to the Syrian government, with plans for an international peace conference promoted by the two major powers appearing to founder on diplomatic rifts over its scope and purpose. General Martin Dempsey, the most senior US military officer, has described Russia's recent delivery of anti-ship missiles to President Bashar al-Assad as "ill-timed and very unfortunate" ... Report....(size: 7.6Kb)
Edit
CNN
20 May 2013
May 20, 2013 -- Updated 0020 GMT (0820 HKT). Carlos Puyol allows Tito Vilanova and Eric Abidal to lift the La Liga trophy in the Nou Camp. (CNN) -- Barcelona beat Valladolid 2-1 Sunday night before lifting the La Liga trophy for the 22nd time in front of their fans at a sodden Nou Camp ... It's been a difficult year, but the most important thing is that Abidal and Tito are with us. Carles Puyol ... March 5, 2013 -- Updated 1123 GMT (1923 HKT) ... ....(size: 8.7Kb)
Edit
BBC News
19 May 2013
It is claimed he made trips to Newhaven port when he was employed as a chef following World War I ... University of Essex history lecturer Dr Mark Frost said all the accounts of Ho Chi Minh's early life, including his autobiography, were open to debate but it was entirely conceivable that he worked on the Dieppe-Newhaven ferry between the end of WWI and 1923 when he moved to Moscow ... ....(size: 1.8Kb)
Edit
The Independent
19 May 2013
How people believe as they want to…. 1. There was a "sea change" in 1979. So said James Callaghan. "And it is for Mrs Thatcher." But that was just an excuse. If he had gone to the polls in 1978, Labour could have held on. 2 ... It is not true, and if you really think it is, vote Respect (or whatever). 3 ... Thanks to Richard T Kelly. 4 ... Not so ... 5 ... 6 ... No, the Committee was formed in 1923 by Tory MPs elected after the coalition's fall....(size: 2.4Kb)
Edit
South China Morning Post
19 May 2013
Lina & Serge. The Love and Wars of Lina Prokofiev. by Simon Morrison. Harvill Secker. Born in Madrid in 1897 to a Spanish father and a Russian mother, both singers, Lina Codina was brought up in New York, where she met the 27-year-old Sergei Prokofiev at a piano recital he gave in 1918. After a fitful courtship they eventually married when Lina became pregnant with the first of their two sons in 1923 ... Alas, both were swiftly withdrawn....(size: 2.7Kb)
Edit
U~T San Diego
19 May 2013
Tommy Battaglia was just 2 when his family first moved to San Diego’s Little Italy, and 7 when he came back to live there for good ... “All of my life has been on India Street,” said Mr. Battaglia in a 2010 San Diego Union-Tribune article. “It’s a good street, a good life.”. Mr. Battaglia died after a long illness May 14 at his home in San Diego. He was 89 ... 12, 1923, in San Francisco, one of five children to Joseph Battaglia and Mary Alioto ... ....(size: 3.0Kb)
Edit
The Examiner
19 May 2013
1906 - After the previous day of large wildfires in the U.P, snow flurries developed in Marquette and the heat wave ended in the U.P. The wildfires of 1906 ended up being the most widespread and destructive to ever burn across the U.P. 1923 - A tornado injured two people in Kent County as it moved through rural areas from east of Coopersville to near Sparta ... Record highs include Alpena with 88° and Flint with 89° ... Tweet. 0 Email ... Comments....(size: 5.1Kb)
Edit
New Straits/Business Times
19 May 2013
More than just a reprieve from the tropical heat, old hill stations are still charming and quaint, writes Anwardi Jamil. FRASER’S Hill holds sentimental value for me. In 1990, it was the location for a scene in the first telemovie I directed, Jelita Ku, starring Alice Woon and Connie Ahmad. I returned to Fraser’s a few times for film shoots ... Today, Gap Rest House is in ruins ... Strangely, the rail service was only launched in 1923 ... ....(size: 8.6Kb)
Edit
Detroit Free Press
19 May 2013
LIVINGSTON COUNTY. Brighton. 6394 Aldine, $80,000. 4642 Baetcke Lake Rd., $350,000. 6352 Beth, $90,000. 6450 Beth, $42,000. 8039 Boulder Ridge Ct., $338,000. 5117 Bradford Cir., $290,000. 6723 Cortland Ave., $201,000. 358 Daubony Dr., $310,000. 6520 Davis St., $125,000. 4353 Deeside Dr., $88,000. 3640 Dorr Rd., $325,000. 6471 Forest Beach Dr., $475,000. 4526 Glen Eagles Dr., $330,000. 565 Glenwyth Rd., $155,000 ... 1923 Acorn Valley Dr., $179,000 ... 45 N....(size: 6.2Kb)
Edit
CNN
19 May 2013
May 19, 2013 -- Updated 1819 GMT (0219 HKT). Alex Ferguson receives a guard of honor from his Manchester United players to mark his 1500th and final game in charge of the new EPL champions. Manchester United's triumphant players celebrate Alexander Buttner's goal to put them 3-0 ahead at the Hawthorns ... HIDE CAPTION. Legend honored. Scoring machines. Freak finale. Arsenal fourth. Brilliant Bale ... 1 ... March 5, 2013 -- Updated 1123 GMT (1923 HKT) ... ....(size: 11.8Kb)
Edit
Buffalo News
18 May 2013
Dec. 31, 1923 – May 16, 2013. Sister Joanne Fuchs, a Sister of Mercy for more than 66 years and a longtime nurse, died Thursday in Mercy Health Care Unit. She was 89 ... 21, 1952 ... ....(size: 1.0Kb)
Edit
Huffington Post
18 May 2013
Officials from the mortgage financing giants Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac have withdrawn from a Detroit event where homeowners are set to talk about the impact foreclosures have had on their lives and communities ... There will also be an open mic session for others who wish to comment ... Treasury ... ft. Lot ... 1923 Images via Realtor.com ... 1923 Images via Realtor.com ... 1923 Images via Realtor.com ... 1923 Images via Realtor.com ... 1923 Images via Realtor.com....(size: 20.0Kb)
Edit
U~T San Diego
18 May 2013
Tommy Battaglia was just two when his family first moved to San Diego’s Little Italy, and seven when he came back to live for good ... "All of my life has been on India Street,” said Mr. Battaglia in a 2010 San Diego Union-Tribune article. “It's a good street, a good life.". Mr. Battaglia died after a long illness on May 14 at his home in San Diego. He was 89 ... 12, 1923 in San Francisco, one of five children to Joseph Battaglia and Mary Alioto....(size: 2.7Kb)
Edit
Dayton Daily News
18 May 2013
Today is Saturday, May 25, the 145th day of 2013. There are 220 days left in the year. Highlights in history on this date.. 1622 - The Tryal, believed to be first English ship to sight Australia, is wrecked on rocks in the Monte Bello Islands off Western Australia. 1744 - Austrian troops invade Alsace in France ... 1923 - Independence of Transjordan — now Jordan — under Amir Abdullah is proclaimed. 1961 - U.S. President John F ... Gen ... ....(size: 5.9Kb)
This article is about the year 1923.
| Millennium: | 2nd millennium |
|---|---|
| Centuries: | 19th century – 20th century – 21st century |
| Decades: | 1890s 1900s 1910s – 1920s – 1930s 1940s 1950s |
| Years: | 1920 1921 1922 – 1923 – 1924 1925 1926 |
| 1923 by topic: |
| Subject |
| By country |
| Leaders |
| Birth and death categories |
| Establishments and disestablishments categories |
| Works and introductions categories |
| Gregorian calendar | 1923 MCMXXIII |
| Ab urbe condita | 2676 |
| Armenian calendar | 1372 ԹՎ ՌՅՀԲ |
| Assyrian calendar | 6673 |
| Bahá'í calendar | 79–80 |
| Bengali calendar | 1330 |
| Berber calendar | 2873 |
| British Regnal year | 12 Geo. 5 – 13 Geo. 5 |
| Buddhist calendar | 2467 |
| Burmese calendar | 1285 |
| Byzantine calendar | 7431–7432 |
| Chinese calendar | 壬戌年十一月十五日 (4559/4619-11-15) — to —
癸亥年十一月廿四日(4560/4620-11-24) |
| Coptic calendar | 1639–1640 |
| Ethiopian calendar | 1915–1916 |
| Hebrew calendar | 5683–5684 |
| Hindu calendars | |
| - Vikram Samvat | 1979–1980 |
| - Shaka Samvat | 1845–1846 |
| - Kali Yuga | 5024–5025 |
| Holocene calendar | 11923 |
| Iranian calendar | 1301–1302 |
| Islamic calendar | 1341–1342 |
| Japanese calendar | Taishō 12 (大正12年) |
| Julian calendar | Gregorian minus 13 days |
| Korean calendar | 4256 |
| Minguo calendar | ROC 12 民國12年 |
| Thai solar calendar | 2466 |
 |
Wikimedia Commons has media related to: 1923 |
Year 1923 (MCMXXIII) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar and a common year starting on Sunday of the Julian calendar.
Events[link]
January[link]
- January 1 – The Grouping: All major British railway companies are grouped into four larger companies, under terms of the Railways Act 1921.
- January 1–January 7 – Rosewood massacre, a violent, racially motivated conflict in Florida. At least eight people are killed, and the town of Rosewood is abandoned and destroyed.
- January 9 – Lithuania begins the Klaipėda Revolt to annex the Klaipėda Region (Memel Territory).
- January 10 – Poland annexes the Republic of Central Lithuania
- January 11 – Despite strong British protests, troops from France and Belgium occupy the Ruhr area to force Germany to pay its reparation payments.
- January 17 – Juan de la Cierva invents the autogyro, a rotary-winged aircraft with an unpowered rotor.
- January 18 – Elon College's campus in North Carolina is destroyed by a fire.
- Undated – Hyperinflation in Germany means that 17,000 marks are now needed to buy an American dollar - well over double the amount needed at the end of the previous year.
February[link]
- February 9 – Billy Hughes resigns as Prime Minister of Australia, after the Country Party refuses to govern in coalition with him as the leader of the Nationalist Party. Hughes is succeeded by his Treasurer, Stanley Bruce.
- February 23 – Albert Einstein visits Barcelona, Spain, at the invitation of scientist Esteban Terradas i Illa.
March[link]
- March – Antigone by Jean Cocteau appears on a Paris stage (settings by Pablo Picasso, music by Arthur Honegger, and costumes by Gabrielle Chanel). Antonin Artaud plays the part of Tiresias.
- March 1
- The USS Connecticut is decommissioned.
- Greece adopts the Gregorian calendar.
- March 2 – Time Magazine hits newsstands in the United States for the first time.
- March 9 – Vladimir Lenin suffers his third stroke, which renders him bedridden and unable to speak; consequently he retires his position as Chairman of the Soviet government.
- March 22 – Hockey Night in Canada is first broadcast on the Toronto Star's private station CFCA, making the first hockey broadcast ever.
- March 28 – Regia Aeronautica, the air force of Fascist Italy, is founded.
April[link]
- April 6 – The first Prefects Board in Southeast Asia is formed in Victoria Institution, Malaysia.
- April 12 – The Kandersteg International Scout Centre comes into existence.
- April 18 – Yankee Stadium opens its doors in the Bronx, NY
- April 23 – The Gdynia seaport is inaugurated.
- April 26 – The Prince Albert, Duke of York (later George VI, King of the United Kingdom) marries Lady Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon (later Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother) in Westminster Abbey.
May[link]
- May 1 – Rahula College is established in Ceylon with the name of "Parakramabhahu Vidyalaya".
- May 9
- Southeastern Michigan receives a record 6 inches (15 cm) of snow after temperatures plummeted from 62 to 34 degrees between 1 and 6 pm on the previous day.[1]
- The premiere of Bertolt Brecht's play In the Jungle (Im Dickicht) at the Residenztheater in Munich is interrupted by Nazi demonstrators.
- May 23 – Belgium's SABENA Airlines is created.
- May 24 – The Irish Civil War ends.
- May 27 – The Ku Klux Klan in the United States defies a law requiring publication of its members.
June[link]
- June 9 – A military coup in Bulgaria ousts prime minister Aleksandar Stamboliyski (he is killed June 14).
- June 13 – President Li of China abandons his residence because a warlord has commanded forces to surround the mansion and cut off its water and electric supplies, in order to force him to abandon his post.
- June 16 – The storming of Ayan in Siberia concludes the Yakut Revolt and the Russian Civil War.
- June 18 – Mount Etna erupts in Italy, making 60,000 homeless.
- June 25 – Rapid Bucureşti is formed on the initiative of the Griviţa railroad workers (first named CFR Bucureşti).
July[link]
- July 10 – Large hailstones kill 23 in Rostov, Soviet Union.
- July 19 – July 20 – Pancho Villa is assassinated at Hidalgo del Parral, Chihuahua.
- July 24 – The Treaty of Lausanne, settling the boundaries of modern Turkey, is signed in Switzerland by Greece, Bulgaria and other countries that fought in the First World War.
- The Ottoman Empire is dissolved and is replaced with the Republic of Turkey after 624 years of Imperialism.
- Undated – Hyperinflation in Germany has seen the number of marks needed to purchase a single American dollar reach 353,000 - more than 200 times the amount needed at the start of the year.
August[link]
- August 2 – U.S. President Warren G. Harding, dies of a heart attack and is succeeded by Vice President Calvin Coolidge as President of the United States.
- August 13
- The first major seagoing ship arrives at Gdynia, the newly constructed Polish seaport.
- Gustav Stresemann is named Chancellor of Germany and founds a coalition government for the Weimar Republic, where hyperinflation means that more than 4,600,000 marks are now needed to buy a single American dollar.
- August 30 – Hurricane season begins, with a tropical storm northeast of Turks and Caicos.
September[link]
- September 1 – The Great Kantō earthquake devastates Tokyo and Yokohama, killing an estimated 142,807 people, but according to a Japanese construction research center report in 2005, 105,000 are confirmed dead.
- September 4 – In Lakehurst, New Jersey, the first American airship, the USS Shenandoah, takes to the sky for the first time.
- September 6 – The Italian navy occupies Corfu in retaliation for the murder of an Italian officer. The League of Nations protests and they leave on September 29.
- September 7 – International Criminal Police Commission (ICPC) created.
- September 8 – Honda Point Disaster: Seven U.S. Navy destroyers run aground off the California coast.
- September 9 – Turkish head of state Atatürk founds the CHP.
- September 10 – Ireland joins the League of Nations.
- September 13 – Military coup in Spain: Miguel Primo de Rivera takes over, setting up a dictatorship. Trade unions are banned for 10 years.
- September 17 – A major fire in Berkeley, California erupts, consuming some 640 structures, including 584 homes in the densely built neighborhoods north of the campus of the University of California.
- September 18 – September 26 – Newspaper printers strike in New York.
- September 24 – Second hurricane of the season, a major hurricane north of Hispaniola.
- September 26 – In Bavaria, Gustav Ritter von Kahr declares independence from Berlin.
- September 30 – Outside Berlin, Major Ernst von Buchrucker, the leader of the Black Reichswehr attempts a putsch by seizing several forts.
October[link]
- October 2 – After two days of siege, Major Buckrucker and his men surrender.
- October 6 – The great powers of World War I withdraw from Istanbul.
- October 13
- Ankara replaces Constantinople as the capital of Turkey.
- The third hurricane of the season, the first recorded example of a storm crossing from the Eastern Pacific basin into the Atlantic basin, occurred in Oaxaca.
- October 14 – Fourth tropical storm of the year, formed just north of Panama.
- October 15 – Fifth tropical storm of the year, formed north of the Leeward Islands.
- October 16
- The sixth tropical storm developed in the Gulf of Mexico. It was a rare occurrence, it consisted of four active tropical storms simultaneously.
- Roy and Walt Disney found The Walt Disney Company.
- October 23 – In Germany, the Communists attempt a putsch in Hamburg. Street fighting in Hamburg for the next two days.
- October 25 – The putsch in Hamburg ends in failure.
- October 26 – In Persia, Reza Khan becomes Ahmad Shah Qajar's prime minister.
- October 27 – In Germany, General Hans von Seeckt orders the Reichswehr to dissolve the Social Democratic-Communist government of Saxony, which was refusing to accept the authority of the Reich government.
- October 29
- Turkey becomes a republic following the dissolution of the Ottoman Empire. Kemal Atatürk is elected as the president.
- After two days of fighting, the Reichswehr take control of Saxony.
- October 30 – İsmet İnönü is appointed as the first prime minister of Turkey.
November[link]
- November 1 – The Finnish flag carrier Finnair airline is started in Aero Oy.
- November 8 – Beer Hall Putsch: In Munich, Adolf Hitler leads the Nazis in an unsuccessful attempt to overthrow the Bavarian government; police and troops crush the attempt the next day.
- November 12 – Her Highness Princess Maud of Fife marries Captain Charles Alexander Carnegie in Wellington Barracks, London.
- November 15 – Inflation in the Weimar Republic: Hyperinflation in Germany reaches its height. One United States dollar is worth 4,200,000,000,000 Papiermark[2] (4.2 trillion on the short scale). Gustav Stresemann abolishes the old currency.
- November 23 – Gustav Stresemann's coalition government collapses in Germany.
December[link]
- December 12 – In Italy, the Po River dam bursts, killing 600.
- December 20 – BEGGARS Fraternity (the first social fraternity at a Jesuit college in the United States) is founded by nine men, who secured permission to do so from the Pope.
- December 27 – The crown prince of Japan survives an assassination attempt in Tokyo.
- December 29 – Vladimir K. Zworykin files his first patent (in the United States) for "television systems".
Date unknown[link]
- At the International Police Conference in Vienna, the International Criminal Police (Interpol) is set up.
- The Hoda Cha'arawi Association (formerly The Egyptian Feminist Union) is established in Egypt.
- Police strike in Australia.
- The American Law Institute is established.
- The Moderation League of New York becomes part of the movement for the repeal of prohibition in the United States.
- Marcel Duchamp's artwork The Bride Stripped Bare by Her Bachelors, Even (La mariée mise à nu par ses célibataires, même or The Large Glass) is completed in the United States.
- Rainbow trout introduced into the upper Firehole River in Yellowstone National Park, US.
- Struggling for a foothold in southern China, Sun Yatsen decides to ally his Nationalist party or Guomindang (Kuomintang) with the Communist Third International and Chinese Communist Party.
Births[link]
January–February[link]
- January 1
- Vulo Radev, Bulgarian film director (d. 2001)
- Roméo Sabourin, Canadian World War II spy (d. 1944)
- January 5 – Sam Phillips, American record producer (d. 2003)
- January 6 – Jacobo Timerman, Argentine writer (d. 1999)
- January 7 – Hugh Kenner, Canadian literary critic (d. 2003)
- January 8
- Johnny Wardle, English cricketer (d. 1985)
- Larry Storch, American actor
- January 11 – Ernst Nolte, German historian
- January 12 – Ira Hayes, U.S. Marine flag raiser on Iwo Jima (d. 1955)
- January 16
- Anthony Hecht, American poet (d. 2004)
- Walther Wever, German fighter ace (d. 1945)
- January 19 – Jean Stapleton, American actress (All In The Family)
- January 22 – Diana Douglas, American actress
- January 23
- Cot Deal, American major league baseball player and coach
- Stephanie Kwolek, inventor of Kevlar fibers
- January 25 – Arvid Carlsson, Swedish scientist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
- January 26 – Anne Jeffreys, American actress
- January 29 – Paddy Chayefsky, American writer (d. 1981)
- January 31 – Norman Mailer, American writer and journalist (d. 2007)
- February 2
- James Dickey, American poet and author (Deliverance) (d. 1997)
- Liz Smith, American gossip columnist
- February 3 – Edith Barney, American female professional baseball player (d. 2010)
- February 4 – Conrad Bain, Canadian-born actor
- February 7 – George Lascelles, 7th Earl of Harewood and first grandchild of King George V (d. 2011)
- February 9 – Brendan Behan, Irish author (d. 1964)
- February 10 – Cesare Siepi, Italian opera singer (d. 2010)
- February 12 – Franco Zeffirelli, Italian film and opera director
- February 13
- Yfrah Neaman, Lebanese-born violinist (d. 2003)
- Chuck Yeager, American test pilot and NASA official
- February 17 – Jun Fukuda, Japanese film director (d. 2000)
- February 20 – Forbes Burnham, President of Guyana (d. 1985)
- February 22 – Norman Smith (record producer) English singer and record producer (d. 2008)
- February 23 – Mary Francis Shura, American writer (d. 1991)
- February 24 – David Soyer, American cellist (d. 2010)
- February 27 – Dexter Gordon, American jazz saxophone player (d. 1990)
- February 28
- Charles Durning, American actor
- Jean Carson, American actress (d. 2005)
March–April[link]
- March 4 – Sir Patrick Moore, British astronomer and broadcaster
- March 6
- Ed McMahon, American television personality (The Tonight Show) (d. 2009)
- Wes Montgomery, American musician (d. 1968)
- March 7 – Mahlon Clark, American musician (d. 2007)
- March 8 – Louk Hulsman, Dutch criminologist (d. 2009)
- March 9 – Walter Kohn, Austrian-born physicist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry
- March 10 – Val Logsdon Fitch, American nuclear physicist, Nobel Prize laureate
- March 12
- Wally Schirra, American astronaut (d. 2007)
- Hjalmar Andersen, Norwegian speed-skater
- March 14 – Diane Arbus, American photographer (d. 1971)
- March 21
- Merle Keagle, American female professional baseball player (d. 1960)
- Shri Mataji Nirmala Srivastava, Indian founder of Sahaja Yoga (d. 2011)
- March 22 – Marcel Marceau, world renowned French mime (d. 2007)
- March 24
- Murray Hamilton, American actor (d. 1986)
- Michael Legat, English writer (d. 2011)
- March 25 – Wim van Est, Dutch cyclist (d. 2003)
- March 26 – Bob Elliott, American comedian
- March 27 – Louis Simpson, Jamaican-born poet
- March 28 – Thad Jones, American jazz musician (d. 1986)
- March 30 – Milton Acorn, Canadian writer (d. 1986)
- April 2
- G. Spencer-Brown, British mathematician
- Alice Haylett, professional baseball player (d. 2004)
- April 4 – Peter Vaughan, English actor
- April 6 – Ramon Valdes, Mexican comedian (d. 1988)
- April 8
- George Fisher, American political cartoonist (d. 2003)
- Edward Mulhare, Irish actor (The Ghost and Mrs. Muir) (d. 1997)
- April 13 – Don Adams, American actor and comedian (Get Smart) (d. 2005)
- April 20
- Mother Angelica, American founder of the Eternal Word Television Network (EWTN)
- Irene Lieblich, Polish-born painter (d. 2008)
- April 22
- Bettie Page, American model (d. 2008)
- Aaron Spelling, American television producer and writer (d. 2006)
- April 23 – Dolph Briscoe, Governor of Texas (d. 2010)
- April 25 – Albert King, American musician (d. 1992)
- April 30
- Al Lewis, American actor (The Munsters) (d. 2006)
- Francis Tucker, South African Rally Driver (d. 2008)
May–June[link]
- May 1 – Joseph Heller, American novelist (Catch-22) (d. 1999)
- May 2 – Patrick Hillery, President of Ireland (d. 2008)
- May 3 – Ralph Hall, American politician
- May 4
- Assi Rahbani, Lebanese composer, musician, conductor, poet and author (d. 1986)
- Eric Sykes, English actor
- May 5 – Richard Wollheim, British philosopher (d. 2003)
- May 7 – Anne Baxter, American actress (d. 1985)
- May 10 – Heydar Aliyev, President of Azerbaijan from June 1993 to October 2003 (d. 2003)
- May 11 – Louise Arnold, American female professional baseball player (d. 2010)
- May 15
- John Lanchbery, English composer (d. 2003)
- Doris Dowling, American actress (d. 2004)
- May 16 – Merton Miller, American economist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2000)
- May 18 – Hugh Shearer, Prime Minister of Jamaica (d. 2004)
- May 21
- Armand Borel, Swiss mathematician (d. 2003)
- Dorothy Hewett, Australian writer (d. 2002)
- Ara Parseghian, American football coach
- May 23 – Kalidas Shrestha, Nepalese artist
- May 26
- James Arness, American actor (d. 2011)
- Roy Dotrice, British actor
- May 27 – Henry Kissinger, United States Secretary of State, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize
- May 28
- György Ligeti, Hungarian composer (d. 2006)
- Nandamuri Taraka Rama Rao, Indian (Telugu) film actor (d. 1996)
- May 31 – Rainier III, Prince of Monaco (d. 2005)
- June 4 – Elizabeth Jolley, Australian writer (d. 2007)
- June 10 – Robert Maxwell, Slovakian-born media entrepreneur (d. 1991)
- June 15 – Johnny Most, American basketball radio announcer (d. 1993)
- June 20 – Bjørn Watt-Boolsen, Danish actor (d. 1998)
- June 23 – Giuseppina Tuissi, Italian resistance member (d. 1945)
- June 24 – Jack Carter, American comedian
- June 25 – Sam Francis, American painter (d. 1994)
- June 27 – Gus Zernial, American baseball player and sports commentator (d. 2011)
- June 28 – Daniil Khrabrovitsky, Soviet film director (d. 1980)
July–August[link]
- July 2 – Wisława Szymborska, Polish writer, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2012)
- July 4 – Rudolf Friedrich, Swiss Federal Councilor
- July 6 – Wojciech Jaruzelski, Polish Communist politician, Prime Minister and President of Poland
- July 8 – Harrison Dillard, American athlete
- July 10 – John Bradley, U.S. Navy flag raiser on Iwo Jima (d. 1994)
- July 17 – Enrique Angelelli, Argentine bishop (d. 1976)
- July 18 – Jerome H. Lemelson, American inventor (d. 1997)
- July 20 – Stanisław Albinowski, Polish economist and journalist (d. 2005)
- July 21 – Rudolph A. Marcus, Canadian chemist, Nobel Prize laureate
- July 22
- Bob Dole, American politician and Presidential candidate
- Mukesh, Indian singer (d. 1976)
- The Fabulous Moolah, American professional wrestler (d. 2007)
- July 23
- Witto Aloma, Cuban Major League Baseball player (d. 1997)
- Norma Zimmer, American singer (The Lawrence Welk Show) (d. 2011)
- Estelle Getty, American actress (The Golden Girls) (d. 2008)
- July 28 – H.S.S. Lawrence, Indian educator (d. 2009)
- July 29 – Jim Marshall, founder of Marshall Amplification (d. 2012)
- August 2 – Shimon Peres, Prime Minister of Israel, President of Israel, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize
- August 3
- Pope Shenouda III of Alexandria, Pope of Coptic Christianity (d. 2012)
- Jean Hagen, American actress (d. 1977)
- August 5 – Devan Nair, third President of Singapore (d. 2005)
- August 6 – Moira Lister, Anglo-South African film, stage and television actress (d. 2007)
- August 11 – Sir Michael Kerry, QC, British civil servant, former Procurator General and Treasury Solicitor (d. 2012)
- August 16 – Millôr Fernandes, Brazilian cartoonist and playwright (d. 2012)
- August 20 – Jim Reeves, American country singer (d. 1964)
- August 21 – Larry Grayson, British comedian and game show host (d. 1995)
- August 23 – Henry F. Warner, American soldier, Medal of Honor (d. 1944)
- August 24 – Arthur Jensen, American educational psychologist
- August 26 – Wolfgang Sawallisch, German conductor and pianist
- August 29
- Marmaduke Hussey, Baron Hussey of North Bradley, chairman of the BBC (d. 2006)
- Richard Attenborough, English actor
September–October[link]
- September 1
- Rocky Marciano, American boxer (d. 1969)
- Kenneth Roy Thomson, 2nd Baron Thomson of Fleet, Canadian businessman and art collector (d. 2006)
- September 4 – Ram Kishore Shukla, Indian Politician (d. 2003)
- September 3 – Mort Walker, American cartoonist (Beetle Bailey)
- September 6 – King Peter II of Yugoslavia (d. 1970)
- September 7 – Madeleine Dring, British composer and actress (d. 1977)
- September 9 – Daniel Carleton Gajdusek, American virologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 2008)
- September 16 – Lee Kuan Yew, Prime Minister of Singapore
- September 17 – Hank Williams, American country musician (d. 1953)
- September 18 – Queen Anne of Romania
- September 20 – Geraldine Clinton Little, Irish-born poet (d. 1997)
- September 22 – Dannie Abse, Welsh poet
- September 26 – Dev Anand, Legendary Indian actor, film producer, writer and director (d. 2011)
- October 3 – Edward Oliver LeBlanc, Dominican politician (d. 2004)
- October 4 – Charlton Heston, American actor (The Ten Commandments) (d. 2008)
- October 5
- Albert Guðmundsson, Icelandic professional football player and politician (d. 1994)
- Glynis Johns, British actress
- Ricardo Lavié, Argentine actor (d. 2010)
- October 10
- James "Jabby" Jabara, American aviator, the first American jet fighter ace (d. 1966)
- Murray Walker, British motor racing commenator
- October 13 – Faas Wilkes, Dutch football (soccer) player (d. 2006)
- October 15 – Italo Calvino, Italian writer (d. 1985)
- October 17 – Charles McClendon, Hall of Fame college football coach (d. 2001)
- October 23
- Frank Sutton, American actor (d. 1974)
- Sir Robin Day, British political broadcaster (d. 2000)
- October 24 – Denise Levertov, British-born American poet (d. 1997)
- October 25 – J. Esmonde Barry, Canadian healthcare activist and political commentator (d. 2007)
November–December[link]
- November 1
- Victoria de los Angeles, Catalan soprano (d. 2005)
- Gordon R. Dickson, Canadian author (d. 2001)
- November 2 – Cesare Rubini, Italian basketball player and coach (d. 2011)
- November 3 – Tomás Ó Fiaich, Northern Irish cardinal (d. 1990)
- November 5 – Kay Lionikas, Greek-American female professional baseball player (d. 1978)
- November 8 – Jack Kilby, American electrical engineer, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physics (d. 2005)
- November 13 – Linda Christian, Mexican film actress (d. 2011)
- November 17 – Aristides Maria Pereira, President of Cape Verde (d. 2011)
- November 18 – Alan Shepard, first American astronaut (d. 1998)
- November 20 – Nadine Gordimer, South African writer, Nobel Prize laureate
- November 22 – Arthur Hiller, Canadian film director
- November 23
- Billy Haughton, American harness driver and trainer (d. 1986)
- Julien J. LeBourgeois, American admiral
- November 25 – Mauno Koivisto, President of Finland
- November 26 – Pat Phoenix, British actress (d. 1986)
- December 1 – Stansfield Turner, American admiral and Director of Central Intelligence
- December 2 – Maria Callas, Greek soprano (d. 1977)
- December 3
- Dede Allen, American film editor ("Bonnie and Clyde") (d. 2010)
- Moyra Fraser, British actress (d. 2009)
- Abe Pollin, American sports owner (d. 2009)
- December 5 – Eleanor Dapkus, American female professional baseball player (d. 2011)
- December 12 – Bob Barker, American game show host (The Price Is Right)
- December 13
- Philip Warren Anderson, American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate
- Larry Doby, baseball player (d. 2003)
- Antoni Tàpies, Catalan painter (d. 2012)
- December 14
- Gerard Reve, Dutch writer (d. 2006)
- Sully Boyar, American actor (d. 2001)
- December 15 – Freeman Dyson, English-born physicist
- December 17 – Jaroslav Pelikan, American historian (d. 2006)
- December 19 – Gordon Jackson, Scottish actor (d. 1990)
- December 23 – James Stockdale, U.S. Navy admiral and vice presidential candidate (d. 2005)
- December 24 – George Patton IV, American general (d. 2004)
- December 25
- Sonia Olschanezky, World War II heroine (d. 1944)
- Swami Satyananda Saraswati, Founder of Satyananda Yoga and Bihar Yoga (d. 2009)
- December 27 – Lucas Mangope, President of Bophuthatswana Bantustan
Date unknown[link]
Deaths[link]
January–June[link]
- January 3 – Jaroslav Hasek, Czech writer (b. 1883)
- January 9
- Katherine Mansfield, British novelist (b. 1888)
- Edith Thompson, British murderer (hanged) (b. 1893)
- January 11 – Constantine I of Greece, King of Greece (b. 1868)
- January 18 – Wallace Reid, American actor (b. 1891)
- January 23 – Max Nordau, Hungarian author, philosopher, and Zionist leader (b. 1849)
- January 31 – Eligiusz Niewiadomski, Polish artist, political activist and assassin (executed) (b. 1869)
- February 3 – Kuroki Tamemoto, Japanese military leader (b. 1844)
- February 10 – Wilhelm Röntgen, German physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1845)
- February 23 – Théophile Delcassé, French statesman (b. 1852)
- March 8 – Johannes Diderik van der Waals, Dutch physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1837)
- March 26 – Sarah Bernhardt, French actress (b. 1844)
- March 27 – Sir James Dewar, Scottish chemist (b. 1842)
- March 28 – Michel-Joseph Maunoury, French general (b. 1847)
- April 4 – John Venn, British mathematician (b. 1834)
- April 5 – George Herbert, 5th Earl of Carnarvon, English financier of Egyptian excavations (b. 1866)
- April 23 – Princess Louise of Prussia, Grand Duchess of Baden (b. 1838)
- June 9 – Princess Helena of the United Kingdom, third daughter of Queen Victoria (b. 1846)
- June 10 – Pierre Loti, French writer and naval officer (b. 1850)
- June 24 – Edith Södergran, Finnish author (b. 1892)
July–December[link]
- July 10 – Albert Chevalier, English music hall comedian (b. 1861)
- July 20 – Pancho Villa, Mexican revolutionary (b. 1878)
- August 2 – Warren G. Harding, 29th President of the United States (b. 1865)
- August 23 – Henry C. Mustin, American naval aviation pioneer (b. 1874)
- August 24 – Kato Tomosaburo, 21st Prime Minister of Japan (b. 1861)
- September 9 – Hermes Rodrigues da Fonseca, 8th President of Brazil (b. 1855)
- September 23
- John Morley, 1st Viscount Morley of Blackburn, British politician and editor (b. 1838)
- Carl L. Boeckmann, Norwegian-American artist (b. 1867)
- October 30 – Andrew Bonar Law, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1858)
- November 9 (among those killed in Munich Beer Hall Putsch):
- Oskar Körner, businessman (b. 1875)
- Karl Laforce, student (b. 1904)
- Ludwig Maximilian Erwin von Scheubner-Richter, diplomat and revolutionary (b. 1884)
- November 14 – Ernest Augustus, Crown Prince of Hanover (b. 1845)
- November 19 – Lee Stack, British army officer and Governor-General of the Anglo-Egyptian Sudan (b. 1899)
- November 30 – Martha Mansfield, American actress (b. 1899)
- December 12 – Raymond Radiguet, French author (b. 1903)
- December 13 – Théophile Steinlen, Swiss painter (b. 1859)
- December 22 – Georg Luger, German firearms designer (b. 1849)
- December 27 – Gustave Eiffel, French engineer and architect (Eiffel tower) (b. 1832)
Date unknown[link]
- Dorila Antommarchi, Colombian poet (b. 1850s)
Nobel Prizes[link]
- Physics – Robert Andrews Millikan
- Chemistry – Fritz Pregl
- Physiology or Medicine – Frederick Grant Banting, John James Rickard Macleod
- Literature – William Butler Yeats
- Peace – Aidan Houlihan
References[link]
- ^ National Weather Service
- ^ Tonge, Stephen. "Weimar Germany 1919-1933". A Web of English History. http://www.historyhome.co.uk/europe/weimar.htm. Retrieved 2012-03-14.
http://wn.com/1923
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1923
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
For other people with the same name, see Harold Lloyd (disambiguation).
 |
This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (May 2011) |
| Harold Lloyd | |
|---|---|
| Birth name | Harold Clayton Lloyd |
| Born | (1893-04-20)April 20, 1893 Burchard, Nebraska, United States |
| Died | March 8, 1971(1971-03-08) (aged 77) Beverly Hills, California, United States |
| Medium | Motion pictures (silent and sound) |
| Nationality | American |
| Years active | 1913–1963 |
| Genres | Slapstick |
| Influences | Charlie Chaplin |
| Influenced | Buster Keaton,[1] Jackie Chan |
| Spouse | Mildred Davis (m. February 10, 1923 – August 18, 1969; her death) |
| Notable works and roles | Safety Last! (1923) The Freshman (1925) The Kid Brother (1927) |
| Academy Awards | |
| 1953 Lifetime Achievement | |
Harold Clayton Lloyd, Sr. (April 20, 1893 – March 8, 1971) was an American film actor and producer, most famous for his silent comedies.[2]
Harold Lloyd ranks alongside Charlie Chaplin and Buster Keaton as one of the most popular and influential film comedians of the silent film era. Lloyd made nearly 200 comedy films, both silent and "talkies", between 1914 and 1947. He is best known for his "Glasses Character", a resourceful, success-seeking go-getter who was perfectly in tune with 1920s era America.
His films frequently contained "thrill sequences" of extended chase scenes and daredevil physical feats, for which he is best remembered today. Lloyd hanging from the hands of a clock high above the street in Safety Last! (1923) is one of the most enduring images in all of cinema.[citation needed] Lloyd did many of these dangerous stunts himself, despite having injured himself in August, 1919 while doing publicity pictures for the Roach studio. An accident with a bomb mistaken as a prop resulted in the loss of the thumb and index finger of his right hand [3] (the injury was disguised on future films with the use of a special prosthetic glove, though the glove often did not go by unnoticed).
Although Lloyd's individual films were not as commercially successful as Charlie Chaplin's on average, he was far more prolific (releasing twelve feature films in the 1920s while Chaplin released just three), and made more money overall ($15.7 million to Chaplin's $10.5 million).
Contents |
Early life and early roles[link]
Lloyd was born in Burchard, Nebraska to James Darsie Lloyd and Elizabeth Fraser; his paternal great-grandparents were from Wales. When he was a child, his parents divorced and Lloyd chose to stay with his father, who was always dreaming up grand get-rich-quick schemes that ended in disasters. They eventually ended up in Omaha where Lloyd had his first acting experience in a local stock company. He attended East High School and San Diego High School and received his stage training at the School of Dramatic Art (San Diego). In 1912, his father J. Darsie "Foxy" Lloyd was awarded the then-massive sum of $6,000 in a personal injury judgment (although this was split evenly between Lloyd and his lawyer) after being run over by an Omaha beer truck. Reportedly, on the toss of a coin ("Heads is New York or Nashville or where I decide!, tails is San Diego"), he and Lloyd moved west.
Lloyd had acted in theatre since boyhood, and started acting in one-reel film comedies shortly after moving to California. He soon began working with Thomas Edison's motion picture company, and eventually formed a partnership with fellow struggling actor and director Hal Roach, who had formed his own studio in 1913. The hard-working Lloyd became the most successful of Roach's comic actors between 1915 and 1919.
Lloyd hired Bebe Daniels as a supporting actress in 1914; the two of them were involved romantically and were known as "The Boy" and "The Girl." In 1919, she left Lloyd to pursue her dramatic aspirations. Lloyd replaced Daniels with Mildred Davis in 1919. Lloyd was tipped off by Hal Roach to watch Davis in a movie. Reportedly, the more Lloyd watched Davis the more he liked her. Lloyd's first reaction in seeing her was that "she looked like a big French doll!"[citation needed] Davis retired from acting in 1923, and Jobyna Ralston became Lloyd's co-star.
From 1915 to 1917, Lloyd and Roach created more than 60 one-reel comedies.
Silent shorts and features[link]
By 1918, Lloyd and Roach had begun to develop his character beyond an imitation of his contemporaries. Harold Lloyd would move away from tragicomic personas, and portray an everyman with unwavering confidence and optimism. The "Glasses Character" (often named "Harold" in the silent films) was a much more mature comedy character with greater potential for sympathy and emotional depth, and was easy for audiences of the time to identify with. The Glasses Character is said to have been created after Roach suggested that Harold was too handsome to do comedy, without some sort of disguise; previously, he had worn a fake mustache as the Chaplinesque "Lonesome Luke". Unlike most silent comedy personas, "Harold" was never typecast to a social class, but he was always striving for success and recognition. Within the first few years of the character's debut, he had portrayed social ranks ranging from a starving vagrant in From Hand to Mouth to a wealthy socialite in Captain Kidd's Kids.
Beginning in 1921, Roach and Lloyd moved from shorts to feature length comedies. These included the acclaimed Grandma's Boy, which, (along with Chaplin's The Kid), pioneered the combination of complex character development and film comedy, the highly popular Safety Last! (1923), which cemented Lloyd's stardom (and is the oldest film on the American Film Institute's List of 100 Most Thrilling Movies), and Why Worry? (1923).
Lloyd and Roach parted ways in 1924, and Lloyd became the independent producer of his own films. These included his most accomplished mature features Girl Shy, The Freshman (his highest-grossing silent feature), The Kid Brother, and Speedy, his final silent film. Welcome Danger was originally a silent film but Lloyd decided late in the production to remake it with dialogue. All of these films were enormously successful and profitable, and Lloyd would eventually become the highest paid film performer of the 1920s.[4] They were also highly influential and still find many fans among modern audiences, a testament to the originality and film-making skill of Lloyd and his collaborators. From this success he became one of the wealthiest and most influential figures in early Hollywood.
Talkies and transition[link]
In 1924, Lloyd formed his own independent film production company, the Harold Lloyd Film Corporation, with his films distributed by Pathé and later Paramount and Twentieth Century-Fox. Lloyd was a founding member of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences.
Released a few weeks before the start of the Great Depression, Welcome Danger was a huge financial success, with audiences eager to hear Lloyd's voice on film. Lloyd's rate of film releases, which had been one or two a year in the 1920s, slowed to about one every two years until 1938.
The films released during this period were: Feet First, with a similar scenario to Safety Last which found him clinging to a skyscraper at the climax; Movie Crazy with Constance Cummings; The Cat's-Paw, which was a dark political comedy and a big departure for Lloyd; and The Milky Way, which was Lloyd's only attempt at the fashionable genre of the screwball comedy film.
To this point the films had been produced by Lloyd's company. However, his go-getting screen character was out of touch with Great Depression movie audiences of the 1930s. As the length of time between his film releases increased, his popularity declined, as did the fortunes of his production company. His final film of the decade, Professor Beware, was made by the Paramount staff, with Lloyd functioning only as actor and partial financier.
On March 23, 1937, Lloyd sold the land of his studio Harold Lloyd Motion Picture Company to The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. The location is now the site of the Los Angeles California Temple.[5]
Lloyd produced a few comedies for RKO Radio Pictures in the early 1940s but otherwise retired from the screen until 1947. He returned for an additional starring appearance in The Sin of Harold Diddlebock, an ill-fated homage to Lloyd's career, directed by Preston Sturges and financed by Howard Hughes. This film had the inspired idea of following Harold's Jazz Age, optimistic character from The Freshman into the Great Depression years. Diddlebock opened with footage from The Freshman (for which Lloyd was paid a royalty of $50,000, matching his actor's fee) and Lloyd was sufficiently youthful-looking to match the older scenes quite well. Lloyd and Sturges had different conceptions of the material and fought frequently during the shoot; Lloyd was particularly concerned that while Sturges had spent three to four months on the script of the first third of the film, "the last two thirds of it he wrote in a week or less". The finished film was released briefly in 1947, then shelved by producer Hughes. Hughes issued a recut version of the film in 1951 through RKO under the title Mad Wednesday. Such was Lloyd's disdain that he sued Howard Hughes, the California Corporation and RKO for damages to his reputation "as an outstanding motion picture star and personality", eventually accepting a $30,000 settlement.
Marriage and home life[link]
Main article: Harold Lloyd Estate
Lloyd married his leading lady, Mildred Davis, on Saturday, February 10, 1923. Together, they had two children: Gloria Lloyd (1924–2012),[6] and Harold Clayton Lloyd, Jr., (1931–1971).[7] They also adopted Gloria Freeman (1924–1986) in September 1930, whom they renamed Marjorie Elizabeth Lloyd, but who was known as "Peggy" for most of her life. Lloyd, for a time, discouraged Davis from continuing her acting career. He later relented, but by that time her career momentum was lost. Davis died in 1969, two years before Lloyd's death. Lloyd's son was gay, and according to Annette D'Agostino Lloyd (no relation) in the book Harold Lloyd: Master Comedian, Harold Sr. took this in good spirit. Harold Jr. died from complications of a stroke.
_02.jpg)
Lloyd's Beverly Hills home, "Greenacres", was built in 1926–1929, with 44 rooms, 26 bathrooms, 12 fountains, 12 gardens, and a nine hole golf course. The estate left the possession of the Lloyd family in 1975, after a failed attempt to maintain it as a public museum.
The grounds were subsequently subdivided, but the main house and the estate's principal gardens remain and are frequently used for civic fundraising events and as a filming location, appearing in films like Westworld and The Loved One. It is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
Radio and retirement[link]
In October 1944, Lloyd emerged as the director and host of The Old Gold Comedy Theater, an NBC radio anthology series, after Preston Sturges, who had turned the job down, recommended him for it. The show presented half-hour radio adaptations of recently successful film comedies, beginning with Palm Beach Story with Claudette Colbert and Robert Young.
Some saw The Old Gold Comedy Theater as being a lighter version of Lux Radio Theater, and it featured some of the best-known film and radio personalities of the day, including Fred Allen, June Allyson, Lucille Ball, Ralph Bellamy, Linda Darnell, Susan Hayward, Herbert Marshall, Dick Powell, Edward G. Robinson, Jane Wyman, and Alan Young, among others. But the show's half-hour format—which meant the material might have been truncated too severely—and Lloyd's sounding somewhat ill at ease on the air for much of the season (though he spent weeks training himself to speak on radio prior to the show's premiere, and seemed more relaxed toward the end of the series run) may have worked against it.
The Old Gold Comedy Theater ended in June 1945 with an adaptation of Tom, Dick and Harry, featuring June Allyson and Reginald Gardiner and was not renewed for the following season. Many years later, acetate discs of 29 of the shows were discovered in Lloyd's home, and they now circulate among old-time radio collectors.
Lloyd remained involved in a number of other interests, including civic and charity work. Inspired by having overcome his own serious injuries and burns, he was very active as a Shriner with the Shriners Hospital for Crippled Children. He was a Past Potentate of Al-Malaikah Shrine in Los Angeles, and was eventually selected as Imperial Potentate of the Shriners of North America for the year 1949–50.[8]
He appeared as himself on several television shows during his retirement, first on Ed Sullivan's variety show Toast of the Town June 5, 1949 and again on July 6, 1958. He appeared as the Mystery Guest on What's My Line? on April 26, 1953, and twice on This Is Your Life: on March 10, 1954 for Mack Sennett, and again on December 14, 1955 on his own episode. During both appearances, Lloyd's hand injury can clearly be seen.[9]
Lloyd studied colors, microscopy, and was very involved with photography, including 3D photography and color film experiments. Some of the earliest 2-color Technicolor tests were shot at his Beverly Hills home (These are included as extra material in the Harold Lloyd Comedy Collection DVD Box Set). He became known for his nude photographs of models, such as Bettie Page and stripper Dixie Evans, for a number of men's magazines. He also took photos of Marilyn Monroe lounging at his pool in a bathing suit, which were published after their deaths. In 2004, his granddaughter Suzanne produced a book of selections from his photographs, Harold Lloyd's Hollywood Nudes in 3D! (ISBN 1-57912-394-5).
Lloyd also provided encouragement and support for a number of younger actors, such as Debbie Reynolds, Robert Wagner, and particularly Jack Lemmon, whom Harold declared as his own choice to play him in a movie of his life and work.
Renewed interest[link]
File:HaroldLloyd dvd2.jpg
The Harold Lloyd Comedy Collection of DVDs, released November 2005.
Lloyd kept copyright control of most of his films and re-released them infrequently after his retirement. Lloyd did not grant cinematic release because in the main most theaters could not accommodate an organist, and Lloyd did not wish his work to be accompanied by a pianist: "I just don't like pictures played with pianos. We never intended them to be played with pianos". Similarly, his features were never shown on television as Lloyd's price was high: "I want $300,000 per picture for two showings. That's a high price, but if I don't get it, I'm not going to show it. They've come close to it, but they haven't come all the way up". As a consequence, his reputation and public recognition suffered in comparison with Chaplin and Keaton, whose work has generally been more available.
Also, Lloyd's film character was so intimately associated with the 1920s era that attempts at revivals in 1940s and 1950s were poorly received, when audiences viewed the 1920s (and silent film in particular) as old-fashioned.
In the early 1960s, Lloyd produced two compilation films, featuring scenes from his old comedies, Harold Lloyd's World of Comedy and The Funny Side of Life. The first film was premiered at the 1962 Cannes Film Festival, where Lloyd was feted as a major rediscovery. The renewed interest in Lloyd helped restore his status among film historians. Throughout his later years he screened his films for audiences at special charity and educational events, to great acclaim, and found a particularly receptive audience among college audiences: "Their whole response was tremendous because they didn't miss a gag; anything that was even a little subtle, they got it right away".
Following his death, and after extensive negotiations, most of his feature films were leased to Time-Life Films in 1974. As Tom Dardis confirms: "Time-Life prepared horrendously edited musical-sound-track versions of the silent films, which are intended to be shown on TV at sound speed, and which represent everything that Harold feared would happen to his best films".
Through the efforts of Kevin Brownlow and David Gill and the support of granddaughter Suzanne Lloyd Hayes, the British Thames Silents series re-released some of the feature films in the early 1990s on home video, at corrected projection speeds and with new orchestral scores by Carl Davis. More recently, the remainder of Lloyd's great silent features and many shorts were fully restored, with new orchestral scores by Robert Israel. These are now frequently shown on the Turner Classic Movies (TCM) cable channel. An acclaimed 1990 documentary (Harold Lloyd: The Third Genius) by Brownlow and Gill, which was shown as part of the PBS series American Masters, also created a renewed interest in Lloyd's work in the early 1990s. A DVD Collection of restored versions of most of his feature films (and his more important shorts) was released by New Line Cinema in partnership with the Harold Lloyd Trust in November 2005, along with limited theatrical screenings in New York and other cities in the US, Canada and Europe. Annette Lloyd has also said that if there is a large-enough show of support by fans, a second collection may be released in the future[citation needed].
Academy Award[link]
In 1953, Lloyd received a special Academy Award for being a "master comedian and good citizen." The second citation was a snub to Chaplin, who at that point had fallen foul of McCarthyism and who had had his entry visa to the United States revoked. Regardless of the political overtones, Lloyd accepted the award in good spirit.
Death[link]
Lloyd died at age 77 from prostate cancer on March 8, 1971, in Beverly Hills, California.[4][10][11] He was interred in a crypt in the Great Mausoleum at Forest Lawn Memorial Park Cemetery in Glendale, California.
Walk of Fame[link]
Harold Lloyd has two stars on the Hollywood Walk of Fame. His was only the fourth ceremony preserving his handprints, footprints, autograph, and outline of his famed glasses (which were actually a pair of sunglasses with the lenses removed), at Grauman's Chinese Theatre, in 1927. In 1994, he was honored with his image on a United States postage stamp designed by caricaturist Al Hirschfeld.
Filmography[link]
Main article: Harold Lloyd filmography
Further reading[link]
- Lloyd, Harold and Stout, W.W. (1928, revised 1971). An American Comedy. Dover.
- Agee, James (1958, 2000). "Comedy's Greatest Era" from Life magazine (9/5/1949), reprinted in Agee on Film. McDowell, Obolensky, Modern Library.
- Cahn, William (1964). Harold Lloyd's World of Comedy. Duell, Sloane & Pearce.
- Lahue, Kalton C. (1966). World of Laughter: The Motion Picture Comedy Short, 1910–1930. University of Oklahoma Press.
- Brownlow, Kevin (1968, revised 1976). "Harold Lloyd" from The Parade's Gone By. Alfred A. Knopf, University of California Press.
- McCaffrey, Donald W. (1968). 4 Great Comedians: Chaplin, Lloyd, Keaton, Langdon. A.S. Barnes.
- Robinson, David (1969). The Great Funnies: A History of Film Comedy. E.P. Dutton.
- Durgnat, Raymond (1970). "Self-Help with a Smile" from The Crazy Mirror: Hollywood Comedy and the American Image. Dell.
- Lacourbe, Roland (1970). Harold Lloyd. Paris: Editions Seghers.
- Gilliatt, Penelope (1973). "Physicists" from Unholy Fools: Wits, Comics, Disturbers of the Peace. Viking.
- Mast, Gerald (1973, revised 1979). The Comic Mind: Comedy and the Movies. University of Chicago Press.
- Schickel, Richard (1974). Harold Lloyd: The Shape of Laughter. New York Graphic Society. ISBN 0-8212-0595-1.
- Kerr, Walter (1975, 1990). The Silent Clowns. Alfred A. Knopf, Da Capo Press.
- McCaffrey, Donald W. (1976). Three Classic Silent Screen Comedies Starring Harold Lloyd. Associated University Presses. ISBN 0-8386-1455-8.
- Byron, Stuart and Weis, Elizabeth (1977). The National Society of Film Critics on Movie Comedy. Grossman/Viking.
- Reilly, Adam (1977). Harold Lloyd: The King of Daredevil Comedy. Macmillan. ISBN 0-02-601940-X.
- Everson, William K. (1978). American Silent Film. Oxford University Press.
- Maltin, Leonard (1978). The Great Movie Comedians. Crown Publishers.
- Dardis, Tom (1983). Harold Lloyd: The Man on the Clock. Viking. ISBN 0-14-007555-0.
- Hayes, Suzanne Lloyd (ed.), (1992). 3-D Hollywood with Photography by Harold Lloyd. Simon & Schuster.
- D'Agostino, Annette M. (1994). Harold Lloyd: A Bio-Bibliography. Greenwood Press. ISBN 0-313-28986-7.
- Dale, Alan (2002). Comedy is a Man in Trouble: Slapstick In American Movies. University of Minnesota Press.
- Vance, Jeffrey, and Lloyd, Suzanne (2002). Harold Lloyd: Master Comedian. Harry N Abrams. ISBN 0-8109-1674-6.
- Lloyd, Annette D'Agostino (2003). The Harold Lloyd Encyclopedia. McFarland & Company. ISBN 0-7864-1514-2.
- Mitchell, Glenn (2003). A-Z of Silent Film Comedy. B.T. Batsford Ltd..
- Lloyd, Suzanne (2004). Harold Lloyd's Hollywood Nudes in 3-D. Black Dog & Leventhal. ISBN 978-1-57912-394-9.
- Lloyd, Annette D'Agostino (2009). Harold Lloyd: Magic in a Pair of Horn-Rimmed Glasses. BearManor Media. ISBN 978-1-59393-332-6.
See also[link]
References[link]
- ^ Documentary: Harold Lloyd — The Third Genius.
- ^ Obituary Variety, March 10, 1971, page 55.
- ^ An American Comedy; Lloyd and Stout; 1928; page 129
- ^ a b "Died". Time (magazine). March 22, 1971. http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,904932,00.html. Retrieved 2008-06-08. "Harold Lloyd, 77, comedian whose screen image of horn-rimmed incompetence made him Hollywood's highest-paid star in the 1920s; of cancer; in Hollywood. He usually played a feckless Mr. Average who triumphed over misfortune. "My character represented the white-collar middle class that felt frustrated but was always fighting to overcome its shortcomings," he once explained. Lloyd usually did his own stunt work, as in Safety Last (1923), in which he dangled from a clock high above the street; he was protected only by a wooden platform two floors below."
- ^ Los Angeles California Temple "Los Angeles California Temple". The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. http://www.ldschurchtemples.com/cgi-bin/pages.cgi?los_angeles Los Angeles California Temple. Retrieved 2008-06-08. "The land for the Los Angeles California Temple was purchased from Harold Lloyd Motion Picture Company on March 23, 1937."
- ^ "Gloria Lloyd, daughter of Harold Lloyd, dies". Variety. February 11, 2012. http://www.variety.com/article/VR1118050115?refCatId=13. Retrieved 2012-02-011.
- ^ "Harold Lloyd, Jr. Dies. Actor, Son of Comedy Star". New York Times. June 10, 1971. http://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=F00E16F6355F127A93C2A8178DD85F458785F9. Retrieved 2008-06-08.
- ^ "Harold LLoyd" "In 1949, Harold’s face graced the cover of TIME Magazine as the Imperial Potentate of the Ancient Arabic Order of the Nobles of the Mystic Shrine, their highest-ranking position. He devoted an entire year to visiting 130 temples across the country giving speeches for over 700,000 Shriners. The last twenty years of his life he worked tirelessly for the twenty-two Shriner Hospitals for Children and in the 1960’s, he was named President and Chairman of the Board."
- ^ Harold Lloyd "Harold Lloyd". IMDB. http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0516001/#self Harold Lloyd. Retrieved 2008-06-08.
- ^ "Harold Lloyd, Bespectacled Film Comic, Dies of Cancer at 77". Los Angeles Times. March 9, 1971. http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/latimes/access/601315582.html. Retrieved 2008-06-08. "Comedian Harold Lloyd, 77, who bumbled through more than 300 films as a bespectacled victim of life's difficulties, died of cancer Monday at his Beverly Hills home."
- ^ Illson, Murray (March 9, 1971). "Horn-Rims His Trademark; Harold Lloyd, Screen Comedian, Dies at 77". New York Times. http://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=F00A14F93A55127B93CBA91788D85F458785F9. Retrieved 2008-06-08. "A pair of inexpensive, horn-rimmed eyeglass frames without lenses, the shy expression of a somewhat bewildered adolescent and a single-track ambition made Harold Clayton Lloyd the highest-paid screen actor in Hollywood's golden age of the nineteen twenties."
External links[link]
|
Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Harold Lloyd |
- Harold Lloyd at the Internet Movie Database
- Official site – the official site of Harold Lloyd
- HaroldLloyd.us — a site with articles and information, maintained by Annette D'Agostino Lloyd
- Harold Lloyd Forum part of ComedyClassics.org
- Harold Lloyd Photos at Silent Ladies & Gents
- BBC Radio Interview with Suzanne Lloyd (2002)
- Harold Lloyd in The Sin Of Harold Diddlebock at The Internet Archive
| Persondata | |
|---|---|
| Name | Lloyd, Harold |
| Alternative names | Lloyd, Harold Clayton |
| Short description | Actor |
| Date of birth | April 20, 1893 |
| Place of birth | Burchard, Nebraska, U.S. |
| Date of death | March 8, 1971 |
| Place of death | Beverly Hills, California, U.S. |
http://wn.com/Harold_Lloyd
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harold_Lloyd
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
| Eddie Cantor | |
|---|---|
 Eddie Cantor (right) with Bert Gordon, aka "the Mad Russian" |
|
| Born | Edward Israel Iskowitz (1892-01-31)January 31, 1892 New York City, New York, U.S. |
| Died | October 10, 1964(1964-10-10) (aged 72) Beverly Hills, California, U.S. |
| Occupation | Actor, comedian, dancer, singer-songwriter |
| Years active | 1907–53 |
| Spouse | Ida Cantor (1914–62) 5 daughters |
Eddie Cantor (January 31, 1892 – October 10, 1964), born Edward Israel Iskowitz,[1] was an American "illustrated song" performer, comedian, dancer, singer, actor and songwriter.[2] Familiar to Broadway, radio, movie and early television audiences, this "Apostle of Pep" was regarded almost as a family member by millions because his top-rated radio shows revealed intimate stories and amusing anecdotes about his wife Ida and five daughters. Some of his hits include "Makin' Whoopee," "Ida," "If You Knew Susie," "Ma! He's Makin' Eyes at Me," "Margie" and "How Ya Gonna Keep 'Em Down on the Farm (After They've Seen Paree?)" He also wrote a few songs, including "Merrily We Roll Along," the Merrie Melodies Warner Bros. cartoon theme.
His eye-rolling song-and-dance routines eventually led to his nickname, "Banjo Eyes." In 1933, the artist Frederick J. Garner caricatured Cantor with large round eyes resembling the drum-like pot of a banjo. Cantor's eyes became his trademark, often exaggerated in illustrations, and leading to his appearance on Broadway in the musical Banjo Eyes (1941).
His charity and humanitarian work was extensive, and he is credited with coining the phrase and helping to develop The March of Dimes.
Contents |
Biography[link]
Cantor was born in New York City, the son of Russian-Jewish immigrants, Meta and Mechel Iskowitz. His mother died in childbirth one year after his birth, and his father died of pneumonia when Eddie was two, leaving him to be raised by his beloved grandmother, Esther Kantrowitz.[3] As a child, he attended Surprise Lake Camp.[4] A misunderstanding when signing her grandson for school gave him her last name of Kantrowitz (shortened by the clerk to Kanter). Esther died on January 29, 1917, two days before he signed a long-term contract with Florenz Ziegfeld Jr. to appear in his Follies.
He had adopted the first name "Eddie" when he met his future wife Ida Tobias in 1903, because she felt that "Izzy" wasn't the right name for an actor. Cantor married Ida in 1914. They (famously) had five daughters, Marjorie, Natalie, Edna, Marilyn and Janet, who provided comic fodder for Cantor's longtime running gag, especially on radio, about his five unmarriageable daughters. Several radio historians, including Gerald Nachman (Raised on Radio), have said that this gag did not always sit well with the girls.
He was the second president of the Screen Actors Guild, serving from 1933 to 1935. He invented the title "The March of Dimes" for the donation campaigns of the National Foundation for Infantile Paralysis, which was organized to combat polio. It was a play on the The March of Time newsreels popular at the time. He began the first campaign on his own radio show in January 1938, asking people to mail a dime to the nation's most famous assumed polio victim, President Franklin D. Roosevelt. Other entertainers joined in the appeal via their own shows, and the White House mail room was deluged with 2,680,000 dimes.
Following the death of daughter Marjorie at the age of 44, both Eddie's and Ida's health declined rapidly. Ida died in August 1962 of "cardiac insufficiency."[3][5] On October 10, 1964 in Beverly Hills, California, Eddie Cantor suffered another heart attack and died, aged 72. He is buried in Hillside Memorial Park Cemetery. Cantor was awarded an honorary Academy Award the year of his death, for distinguished service to the film industry.
Stage[link]
Saloon songs to vaudeville[link]
By his early teens Cantor began winning talent contests at local theaters and started appearing on stage. One of his earliest paying jobs was doubling as a waiter and performer, singing for tips at Carey Walsh's Coney Island saloon, where a young Jimmy Durante accompanied him on piano. He made his first public appearance in Vaudeville in 1907 at New York's Clinton Music Hall. In 1912, he was the only performer over the age of 20 to appear in Gus Edwards's Kid Kabaret, where he created his first blackface character, "Jefferson." He later toured with Al Lee as the team "Cantor & Lee." Critical praise from that show got the attention of Broadway's top producer, Florenz Ziegfeld, who gave Cantor a spot in the Ziegfeld rooftop post-show, Midnight Frolic (1917).[3]
Broadway[link]
A year later, Cantor made his Broadway debut in the Ziegfeld Follies of 1917. He continued in the Follies until 1927,[6] a period considered the best years of the long-running revue. For several years Cantor co-starred in an act with pioneer African-American comedian Bert Williams, both appearing in blackface; Cantor played Williams's fresh-talking son. Other co-stars with Cantor during his time in the Follies included Will Rogers, Marilyn Miller, Fanny Brice and W.C. Fields.[7] He moved on to stardom in book musicals, starting with Kid Boots (1923) and Whoopee! (1928).[6]
- Ziegfeld Follies of 1917 - revue - performer
- Ziegfeld Follies of 1918 - revue - performer, co-composer and co-lyricist for "Broadway's Not a Bad Place After All" with Harry Ruby
- Ziegfeld Follies of 1919 - revue - performer, lyricist for "(Oh! She's the) Last Rose of Summer"
- Ziegfeld Follies of 1920 - revue - composer for "Green River," composer and lyricist for "Every Blossom I See Reminds Me of You" and "I Found a Baby on My Door Step"
- The Midnight Rounders of 1920 - revue - performer
- Broadway Brevities of 1920 - revue - performer
- Make It Snappy (1922) - revue - performer, co-bookwriter
- Ziegfeld Follies of 1923 - revue - sketch writer
- Kid Boots (1923) - musical comedy - actor in the role of "Kid Boots" (the Caddie Master)
- Ziegfeld Follies of 1927 - revue - performer, co-bookwriter
- Whoopee! (1928) - musical comedy - actor in the role of "Henry Williams"
- Eddie Cantor at the Palace (1931) - solo performance
- Banjo Eyes (1941) - musical comedy - actor in the role of "Erwin Trowbridge"
- Nellie Bly (1946) - musical comedy - co-producer
Radio and recordings[link]
Radio[link]
Cantor appeared on radio as early as February 3, 1922, as indicated by this news item from Connecticut's Bridgeport Telegram:
- Local radio operators listened to one of the finest programs yet produced over the radiophone last night. The program of entertainment which included some of the stars of Broadway musical comedy and vaudeville was broadcast from the Newark, N. J. station WDY and the Pittsburgh station KDKA, both of the Westinghouse Electric and Manufacturing Company. The Newark entertainment started at 7 o'clock: a children's half-hour of music and fairy stories; 7:[35?], Hawaiian airs and violin solo; 8:00, news of the day; and at 8:20 a radio party with nationally known comedians participating; 9:55, Arlington time signals and 10:01, a government weather report. G. E. Nothnagle, who conducts a radiophone station at his home 176 Waldemere Avenue said last night that he was delighted with the program, especially with the numbers sung by Eddie Cantor. The weather conditions are excellent for receiving, he continued, the tone and the quality of the messages was fine.[8]
Cantor's appearance with Rudy Vallee on Vallee's The Fleischmann's Yeast Hour on February 5, 1931 led to a four-week tryout with NBC's The Chase and Sanborn Hour. Replacing Maurice Chevalier, who was returning to Paris, Cantor joined Chase and Sanborn on September 13, 1931. This hour-long Sunday evening variety series teamed Cantor with announcer Jimmy Wallington and violinist Dave Rubinoff. The show established Cantor as a leading comedian, and his scriptwriter, David Freedman, as “the Captain of Comedy.” Cantor soon became the world's highest-paid radio star. His shows began with a crowd chanting "We want Can-tor! We want Can-tor!," a phrase said to have originated in vaudeville, when the audience chanted to chase off an act on the bill before Cantor. Cantor's theme song was his own lyric to the Leo Robin/Richard Whiting song, "One Hour with You." His radio sidekicks included Bert Gordon, (comic Barney Gorodetsky, aka "The Mad Russian") and Harry Parke (better known as "Parkyakarkus"). Cantor also discovered and helped guide the career of singer Dinah Shore, first featuring her on his radio show in 1940, as well as other performers, including Deanna Durbin, Bobby Breen and Eddie Fisher.
Indicative of his effect on the mass audience, he agreed in November 1934 to introduce a new song by the songwriters J. Fred Coots and Haven Gillespie that other well-known artists had rejected as being "silly" and "childish." The song, "Santa Claus Is Coming to Town," immediately had orders for 100,000 copies of sheet music the next day. It sold 400,000 copies by Christmas of that year.
His NBC radio show, Time to Smile, was broadcast from 1940 to 1946, followed by his Pabst Blue Ribbon Show from 1946 through 1949. He also served as emcee of The $64 Question during 1949-'50, and hosted a weekly disc jockey program for Philip Morris during the 1952-'53 season. In addition to film and radio, Cantor recorded for Hit of the Week Records, then again for Columbia, for Banner and Decca and various small labels.
His heavy political involvement began early in his career, including his participation in the strike to form Actors Equity in 1919, provoking the anger of father figure and producer, Florenz Ziegfeld. At the 1939 New York World's Fair, Cantor publicly denounced antisemitic radio personality Father Charles Coughlin and was dropped by his sponsor, Camel cigarettes. A year and a half later, it was his friend Jack Benny who was able to get him back on the air.
Recordings[link]
Cantor began making phonograph records in 1917, recording both comedy songs and routines and popular songs of the day, first for Victor, then for Aeoleon-Vocalion, Pathé and Emerson. From 1921 through 1925 he had an exclusive contract with Columbia Records, returning to Victor for the remainder of the decade.
Cantor was one of the era's most successful entertainers, but the 1929 stock market crash took away his multi-millionaire status and left him deeply in debt. However, Cantor's relentless attention to his own earnings in order to avoid the poverty he knew growing up caused him to use his writing talent, quickly building a new bank account with his highly popular, bestselling books of humor and cartoons about his experience, Caught Short! A Saga of Wailing Wall Street [9] in 1929 "A.C." (After Crash), and Yoo-Hoo, Prosperity!
Cantor was also a composer, with his most famous song seldom attributed to him. In 1935, along with Charles Tobias and Murray Mencher, Cantor wrote "Merrily We Roll Along," which he recorded in the 1950s. It was adapted as the themesong for the Merrie Melodies series of animated cartoons, distributed by Warner Brothers Pictures between 1937 and 1964. Cantor himself was frequently caricatured in Warner cartoons of the period, (see Film and television: Animation).
Film and television[link]
Cantor also bounced back between movies and on radio. He had previously appeared in a number of short films, performing his Follies songs and comedy routines, and two silent features (Special Delivery and Kid Boots) in the 1920s. He was offered the lead in The Jazz Singer after it was turned down by George Jessel. Cantor also turned the role down (so it went to Al Jolson), but he became a leading Hollywood star in 1930 with the film version of Whoopee!, shot in two-strip Technicolor. He continued making films over the next two decades until his last starring role in If You Knew Susie (1948).
Filmography[link]
- Widow at the Races (1913)
- A Few Moments With Eddie Cantor, Star of "Kid Boots" (1923) (DeForest Phonofilm sound-on-film short film)
- Kid Boots (1926)
- Special Delivery (1927)
- A Ziegfeld Midnight Frolic (1929) (short)
- Glorifying the American Girl (1929)
- That Party in Person (1928) (short)
- Insurance (1930) (short)
- Getting a Ticket (1930) (short)
- Whoopee! (1930)
- Palmy Days (1931)
- Talking Screen Snapshots (1932) (short)
- The Kid from Spain (1932)
- Roman Scandals (1933)
- The Hollywood Gad-About (1934) (short)
- Kid Millions (1934)
- Strike Me Pink (1936)
- Ali Baba Goes to Town (1937)
- The March of Time Volume IV, Issue 5 (1937) (short)
- Forty Little Mothers (1940)
- Thank Your Lucky Stars (1943)
- Show Business (1944) (also producer)
- Hollywood Canteen (1944)
- Screen Snapshots: Radio Shows (1945) (short)
- American Creed (1946) (short)
- Meet Mr. Mischief (1947) (short) (appears on poster)
- If You Knew Susie (1948)
- Screen Snapshots: Hollywood's Happy Homes (1949) (short)
- The Story of Will Rogers (1952)
- Screen Snapshots: Memorial to Al Jolson (1952) (short)
- The Eddie Cantor Story (1953) (cameo)
Television[link]
In the 1950s, he was one of the alternating hosts of the television show The Colgate Comedy Hour, in which he would introduce variety acts and play comic characters like "Maxie the Taxi." However, the show landed Cantor in an unlikely controversy when a young Sammy Davis, Jr. appeared as a guest performer. Cantor embraced Davis and mopped Davis's brow with his handkerchief after his performance. Worried sponsors led NBC to threaten cancellation of the show; Cantor's response was to book Davis for two more weeks.
On May 25, 1944, pioneer television station WPTZ (now KYW-TV) in Philadelphia presented a special telecast featuring Eddie Cantor, which was also fed to the NBC television station in New York City, WNBT (now WNBC). Cantor, one of the first major stars to agree to appear on television, was to sing "We're Havin' a Baby, My Baby and Me". Arriving shortly before airtime at the Philadelphia studios, Cantor was reportedly told to cut the song because the NBC New York censors considered some of the lyrics too risqué. Cantor refused, claiming no time to prepare an alternative number. NBC relented, but the sound was cut and the picture blurred on certain lines in the song. This is considered the first instance of television censorship.[citation needed]
Animation[link]
Cantor appears in caricature form in numerous Looney Tunes cartoons produced for Warner Bros., although he was often voiced by an imitator. Beginning with I Like Mountain Music (1933), other animated Cantor cameos include Shuffle Off to Buffalo (Harman-Ising, 1933) and Billboard Frolics (Friz Freleng, 1935). Eddie Cantor is one of the four "down on their luck" stars (along with Bing Crosby, Al Jolson and Jack Benny) snubbed by Elmer Fudd in What’s Up, Doc? (Bob McKimson, 1950). In Farm Frolics (Bob Clampett, 1941), a horse, asked by the narrator to "do a canter," promptly launches into a singing, dancing, eye-rolling impression. The Cantor gag that got the most mileage, however, was his oft-repeated wish for a son after five famous daughters. Slap Happy Pappy (Clampett, 1940) features an “Eddie Cackler” rooster who wants a boy, to little avail. Other references can be found in Baby Bottleneck (Clampett, 1946) and Circus Today (Tex Avery, 1940). In Porky’s Naughty Nephew (Clampett, 1938) a swimming Cantor gleefully adopts a "buoy." [10] An animated Cantor also appears prominently in Walt Disney's Mother Goose Goes Hollywood (Wilfred Jackson, 1938) as Little Jack Horner, who sings "Sing a Song of Sixpence."
Books and merchandising[link]
Cantor's popularity led to merchandising of such products as Eddie Cantor's Tell It to the Judge game from Parker Brothers. In 1933, a set of 12 Eddie Cantor caricatures by Frederick J. Garner were published by Brown & Bigelow. These advertising cards were purchased in bulk as a direct-mail item by such businesses as auto body shops, funeral directors, dental laboratories and vegetable wholesale dealers. With the full set, companies could mail a single Cantor card each month for a year to their selected special customers as an ongoing promotion. Cantor was often caricatured on the covers of sheet music and in magazines and newspapers. Cantor was depicted as a balloon in the Macy's Thanksgiving Day Parade,[11] one of the very few balloons based on a real person.
In addition to Caught Short!, Cantor wrote or co-wrote at least seven other books, including booklets released by the then-fledgling firm of Simon & Schuster, with Cantor’s name on the cover. (Some were "as told to" or written with David Freedman). Customers paid a dollar and received the booklet with a penny embedded in the hardcover. They sold well, and H. L. Mencken asserted that these books did more to pull America out of the Great Depression than all government measures combined.
Bibliography[link]
- My Life Is in Your Hands by Eddie Cantor (1928) with David Freedman; Harper & Bros.
- Caught Short!: A Saga of Wailing Wall Street by Eddie Cantor (1929) Simon & Schuster
- Between the Acts by Eddie Cantor (1930) Simon & Schuster
- Yoo-Hoo, Prosperity!: The Eddie Cantor Five-Year Plan by Eddie Cantor (1931) with David Freedman; Simon & Schuster
- The Rise of the Goldbergs by Gertrude Berg (1931) Forward by Eddie Cantor; Barse & Co.
- Your Next President! by Eddie Cantor (1932) with David Freedman, Illus. by S.L. Hydeman; Ray Long & Richard R. Smith, Inc.
- Eddie Cantor in An Hour with You: A Big Little Book (1934) Whitman
- Eddie Cantor Song and Joke Book (1934) Illus. by Ben Harris; M. Witmark & Sons
- Ziegfeld: The Great Glorifier by Eddie Cantor (1934) with David Freedman; Alfred H. King
- World's Book of Best Jokes by Eddie Cantor (1943) World Publishing Co.
- Hello, Momma by George Jessel (1946) Forward by Eddie Cantor, Illus. by Carl Rose; World Publishing Co.
- Take My Life by Eddie Cantor (1957) with Jane Kesner Ardmore; Doubleday
- No Man Stands Alone by Barney Ross (1957) Forward by Eddie Cantor; B. Lippincott Co.
- The Way I See It by Eddie Cantor (1959) with Phyllis Rosenteur, ed.; Prentice-Hall
- As I Remember Them by Eddie Cantor (1963) Duell, Sloan & Pearce
- Yoo-Hoo, Prosperity! and Caught Short! by Eddie Cantor (1969) Greenwood Press
- The Golden Age of Sound Comedy: Comic Films and Comedians of the Thirties by Donald W. McCaffrey (1973) A.S. Barnes
- Radio Comedy by Arthur Frank Wertheim (1979) Oxford University Press
- The Vaudevillians: A Dictionary of Vaudeville Performers by Anthony Slide (1981) Arlington House
- American Vaudeville as Seen by Its Contemporaries by Charles W. Stein, ed. (1984) Alfred A. Knopf
- Eddie Cantor: A Life in Show Business by Gregory Koseluk (1995) McFarland
- Eddie Cantor: A Bio-Bibliography by James Fisher (1997) Greenwood Press
- Banjo Eyes: Eddie Cantor and the Birth of Modern Stardom by Herbert G. Goldman (1997) Oxford University Press
- The Great American Broadcast: A Celebration of Radio's Golden Age by Leonard Maltin (1997) Dutton
- My Life Is in Your Hands and Take My Life by Eddie Cantor (2000) Cooper Square Press
- Film Clowns of the Depression: Twelve Defining Comic Performances by Wes D. Gehring (2007) McFarland
- Eddie Cantor in Laugh Land by Harold Sherman (2008) Kessinger Publishing
Tributes[link]
| “ | It is nice to be important, but it is more important to be nice. | ” |
|
—Eddie Cantor |
||
Cantor was profiled on the program This Is Your Life, in which an unsuspecting person (usually a celebrity) would be surprised on live television by host Ralph Edwards, with a half-hour tribute. Cantor was the only subject who was told of the surprise in advance; he was recovering from a heart attack and it was felt that the shock might harm him.
On October 29, 1995, as part of a nationwide celebration of the 75th anniversary of radio, he was posthumously inducted into the Radio Hall of Fame at Chicago's Museum of Broadcasting Communication.
In 1953 Warner Bros., in an attempt to duplicate the box-office success of The Jolson Story, filmed a big-budget Technicolor feature film, The Eddie Cantor Story. The film found an audience but might have done better with someone else in the leading role. Actor Keefe Brasselle played Cantor as a caricature with high-pressure dialogue and bulging eyes wide open; the fact that Brasselle was considerably taller than Cantor didn't lend realism either. Eddie and Ida Cantor were seen in a brief prologue and epilogue set in a projection room, where they are watching Brasselle in action; at the end of the film Eddie tells Ida, "I never looked better in my life"... and gives the audience a knowing, incredulous look. George Burns, in his memoir All My Best Friends, claimed that Warner Bros. created a miracle producing the movie in that "it made Eddie Cantor's life boring".
Something closer to the real Eddie Cantor story is his self-produced 1944 feature Show Business, a valentine to vaudeville and show folks that was RKO's top-grossing film that year. Probably the best summary of Cantor's career is in one of the Colgate Comedy Hour shows. The Colgate hour was a virtual video autobiography, with Cantor recounting his career, singing his familiar hits, and re-creating his singing-waiter days with his old pal Jimmy Durante. This show has been issued on DVD as Eddie Cantor in Person.
As talented as Cantor was, he is an excellent example of the mega star who virtually vanishes with the passing of time. His biographer, Gregory Koseluk, wrote in 1995 that Eddie "is all but forgotten," (from Eddie Cantor: A Life in Show Business [Introduction]). In recent years, Eddie Cantor has been a recurring character on HBO's series Boardwalk Empire, where he is played by Stephen DeRosa. He appeared in three episodes of the show's first season and one episode of the second season.
Sources[link]
Goldman, Herbert G. (1997). Banjo Eyes: Eddie Cantor and the Birth of Modern Stardom. New York: Oxford University Press.
Watch[link]
- A Few Moments with Eddie Cantor, Star of "Kid Boots" (1923) A six-minute film made in Phonofilm by Lee De Forest featuring Cantor telling monologues and singing two songs.
Listen to[link]
- Command Performance 1942-03-01 ep001 - Eddie Cantor
- Command Performance 1942-04-01_ep006 Kay Kyser & Eddie Cantor
- The Chase and Sanborn Hour with Eddie Cantor (excerpts)
- Free OTR: The Eddie Cantor Show (30 1936-52 episodes)
- OTR Network Library: The Eddie Cantor Show (11 1936-52 episodes)
References[link]
- ^ Kenrick, John.Who's Who in Musicals: Ca-Cl Musicals101.com, accessed September 5, 2011
- ^ Obituary Variety, October 14, 1964.
- ^ a b c "Eddie Cantor Dead" The New York Times (abstract), October 11, 1964, p. 1
- ^ Epstein, Lawrence. "The Haunted Smile" (2002). PublicAffairs. ISBN 1-58648-162-2, p.38
- ^ "Deaths", The New York Times, August 10, 1962, p. 14
- ^ a b "Eddie Cantor Broadway Credits" Internet Broadway database listing, retrieved December 24, 2009
- ^ Cullen, Frank; Hackman, Florence; McNeilly, Donald. "Vaudeville, Old & New: An Encyclopedia of Variety Performers" (2007). Routledge. ISBN 0-415-93853-8, p. 193
- ^ "Radio Operators Hear a Good Concert," Bridgeport Telegram, February 4, 1922.
- ^ "'Caught short! A saga of wailing Wall street', OCLC Number: 381325" worldcat.org, accessed September 5, 2011
- ^ From "The Warner Bros. Cartoon Companion," E.O. Costello, ed.
- ^ New York Daily News (2008-11-28). "Floating back in time with Macy's balloons, 1940, photo No.11". http://www.nydailynews.com/news/galleries/entertainment/entertainment.html. Retrieved 2008-11-28.
External links[link]
 |
Wikisource has original works written by or about: |
|
Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Eddie Cantor |
- Eddie Cantor at the Internet Movie Database
- Eddie Cantor at the Internet Broadway Database
- Eddie Cantor official site
- Cantor's Sidekick: Bert 'The Mad Russian' Gordon @WFMU
- Eddie Cantor at Virtual History
|
|||||
|
||||||||
| Persondata | |
|---|---|
| Name | Cantor, Eddie |
| Alternative names | |
| Short description | |
| Date of birth | January 31, 1892 |
| Place of birth | New York City, New York, U.S. |
| Date of death | October 10, 1964 |
| Place of death | Beverly Hills, California, U.S. |
http://wn.com/Eddie_Cantor
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eddie_Cantor
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
| Bessie Smith | |
|---|---|
 1936 photograph by Carl Van Vechten |
|
| Background information | |
| Born | (1894-04-15)April 15, 1894 Chattanooga, Tennessee, United States |
| Died | September 26, 1937(1937-09-26) (aged 43) Clarksdale, Mississippi, United States |
| Genres | Blues, Jazz |
| Occupations | Singer, actress |
| Instruments | Vocals |
| Years active | 1912–1937 |
| Labels | Columbia |
| Associated acts | Ma Rainey, Alberta Hunter, Ethel Waters |
Bessie Smith (April 15, 1894 – September 26, 1937) was an American blues singer.
Nicknamed The Empress of the Blues, Smith was the most popular female blues singer of the 1920s and 1930s.[1] She is often regarded as one of the greatest singers of her era and, along with Louis Armstrong, a major influence on subsequent jazz vocalists.[2]
Contents |
Life[link]
The 1900 census indicates that Bessie Smith was born in Chattanooga, Tennessee in July 1892. However, the 1910 census recorded her birthday as April 15, 1894, a date that appears on all subsequent documents and was observed by the entire Smith family. Census data also contributes to controversy about the size of her family. The 1870 and 1880 censuses report three older half-siblings, while later interviews with Smith's family and contemporaries did not include these individuals among her siblings.
Bessie Smith was the daughter of Laura (née Owens) and William Smith. William Smith was a laborer and part-time Baptist preacher (he was listed in the 1870 census as a "minister of the gospel", in Moulton, Lawrence, Alabama.) He died before his daughter could remember him. By the time she was nine, she had lost her mother and a brother as well. Her older sister Viola took charge of caring for her siblings.[3]
To earn money for their impoverished household, Bessie Smith and her brother Andrew began busking on the streets of Chattanooga as a duo: she singing and dancing, he accompanying her on guitar. Their favorite location was in front of the White Elephant Saloon at Thirteenth and Elm streets in the heart of the city's African-American community.
In 1904, her oldest brother, Clarence, covertly left home by joining a small traveling troupe owned by Moses Stokes. "If Bessie had been old enough, she would have gone with him," said Clarence's widow, Maud. "That's why he left without telling her, but Clarence told me she was ready, even then. Of course, she was only a child."[4]
In 1912, Clarence returned to Chattanooga with the Stokes troupe. He arranged for its managers, Lonnie and Cora Fisher, to give Smith an audition. She was hired as a dancer rather than a singer, because the company also included the unknown singer, Ma Rainey. Smith eventually moved on to performing in various chorus lines, making the "81" Theater in Atlanta her home base. There were times when she worked in shows on the black-owned T.O.B.A Theater Owners Booking Association circuit. She would rise to become its biggest star after signing with Columbia Records.
By 1923, when she began her recording career, Smith had taken up residence in Philadelphia. There she met and fell in love with Jack Gee, a security guard whom she married on June 7, 1923, just as her first record was released. During the marriage—a stormy one, with infidelity on both sides—Smith became the highest paid black entertainer of the day, heading her own shows, which sometimes featured as many as 40 troupers, and touring in her own railroad car. Gee was impressed by the money, but never adjusted to show business life, or to Smith's bisexuality. In 1929, when she learned of his affair with another singer, Gertrude Saunders, Bessie Smith ended the relationship, although neither of them sought a divorce.
Smith eventually found a common-law husband in an old friend, Richard Morgan, who was Lionel Hampton's uncle and the antithesis of her husband. She stayed with him until her death.[5]
Career[link]
All contemporary accounts indicate that while Rainey did not teach Smith to sing, she probably helped her develop a stage presence.[6] Smith began forming her own act around 1913, at Atlanta's "81" Theater. By 1920, Smith had established a reputation in the South and along the Eastern Seaboard.
In 1920, sales figures for "Crazy Blues," an Okeh Records recording by singer Mamie Smith (no relation) pointed to a new market. The recording industry had not directed its product to blacks, but the success of the record led to a search for female blues singers. Bessie Smith was signed by Columbia Records in 1923 and her first session for Columbia was February 15, 1923. For most of 1923, her records were issued on Columbia's regular A- series; when the label decided to establish a "race records" series, Smith's "Cemetery Blues" (September 26, 1923) was the first issued.
She scored a big hit with her first release, a coupling of "Gulf Coast Blues" and "Downhearted Blues", which its composer Alberta Hunter had already turned into a hit on the Paramount label. Smith became a headliner on the black T.O.B.A. circuit and rose to become its top attraction in the 1920s.[7] Working a heavy theater schedule during the winter months and doing tent tours the rest of the year (eventually traveling in her own railroad car), Smith became the highest-paid black entertainer of her day.[8] Columbia nicknamed her "Queen of the Blues," but a PR-minded press soon upgraded her title to "Empress".
Smith was gifted with a powerfully strong voice that recorded very well from her first record, made during the time when recordings were made acoustically. With the coming of electrical recording (circa 1925), the sheer power of her voice was even more evident.
She made 160 recordings for Columbia, often accompanied by the finest musicians of the day, most notably Louis Armstrong, James P. Johnson, Joe Smith, Charlie Green and Fletcher Henderson.
Broadway[link]
Smith's career was cut short by a combination of the Great Depression,which nearly put the recording industry out of business, and the advent of "talkies", which spelled the end for vaudeville. She never stopped performing, however. While the days of elaborate vaudeville shows were over, Smith continued touring and occasionally singing in clubs. In 1929, she appeared in a Broadway flop called Pansy, a musical in which top critics said she was the only asset.
Film[link]
In 1929, Smith made her only film appearance, starring in a two-reeler titled St. Louis Blues, based on W. C. Handy's song of the same name. In the film, directed by Dudley Murphy and shot in Astoria, she sings the title song accompanied by members of Fletcher Henderson's orchestra, the Hall Johnson Choir, pianist James P. Johnson and a string section—a musical environment radically different from any found on her recordings.
Swing era[link]
In 1933, John Hammond, who also mentored Billie Holiday, asked Smith to record four sides for Okeh (which had been acquired by Columbia Records in 1925). He claimed to have found her in semi-obscurity, working as a hostess in a speakeasy on Philadelphia's Ridge Avenue.[9] Bessie Smith worked at Art's Cafe on Ridge Avenue, but not as a hostess and not until the summer of 1936. In 1933, when she made the Okeh sides, Bessie was still touring. Hammond was known for his selective memory and gratuitous embellishments.[10]
Bessie Smith was paid a non-royalty fee of $37.50 for each selection and these Okeh sides, which were her last recordings. Made November 24, 1933, they serve as a hint of the transformation she made in her performances as she shifted her blues artistry into something that fit the "swing era". The relatively modern accompaniment is notable. The band included such swing era musicians as trombonist Jack Teagarden, trumpeter Frankie Newton, tenor saxophonist Chu Berry, pianist Buck Washington, guitarist Bobby Johnson, and bassist Billy Taylor. Benny Goodman, who happened to be recording with Ethel Waters in the adjoining studio, dropped by and is barely audible on one selection. Hammond was not entirely pleased with the results, preferring to have Smith revisit her old blues groove. "Take Me for a Buggy Ride" and "Gimme a Pigfoot (And a Bottle of Beer)", both written by Wesley Wilson, continue to be ranked among her most popular recordings.[11] Billie Holiday, who credited Smith as her major influence along with Louis Armstrong, would go on to record her first record for Columbia three days later under the same band personnel.
Death[link]
On September 26, 1937, Smith was critically injured in a car accident while traveling along U.S. Route 61 between Memphis, Tennessee, and Clarksdale, Mississippi. Her lover, Richard Morgan, was driving and, probably mesmerized by the long stretch of straight road, misjudged the speed of a slow-moving truck ahead of him. Tire marks at the scene suggested that Morgan tried to avoid the truck by driving around its left side, but he hit the rear of the truck side-on at high speed. The tailgate of the truck sheared off the wooden roof of Smith's old Packard. Smith, who was in the passenger seat, probably with her right arm or elbow out the window, took the full brunt of the impact. Morgan escaped without injuries.
The first people on the scene were a Memphis surgeon, Dr. Hugh Smith (no relation), and his fishing partner Henry Broughton. In the early 1970s, Dr. Smith gave a detailed account of his experience to Bessie's biographer Chris Albertson. This is the most reliable eyewitness testimony about the events surrounding Bessie Smith's death.
After stopping at the accident scene, Dr. Smith examined Bessie Smith, who was lying in the middle of the road with obviously severe injuries. He estimated she had lost about a half-pint of blood, and immediately noted a major traumatic injury to her right arm; it had been almost completely severed at the elbow.[12] But Dr. Smith was emphatic that this arm injury alone did not cause her death. Although the light was poor, he observed only minor head injuries. He attributed her death to extensive and severe crush injuries to the entire right side of her body, consistent with a "sideswipe" collision.[13]
Broughton and Dr. Smith moved the singer to the shoulder of the road. Dr. Smith dressed her arm injury with a clean handkerchief and asked Broughton to go to a house about 500 feet off the road to call an ambulance.
By the time Broughton returned approximately 25 minutes later, Bessie Smith was in shock. Time passed with no sign of the ambulance, so Dr. Smith suggested that they take her into Clarksdale in his car. He and Broughton had almost finished clearing the back seat when they heard the sound of a car approaching at high speed. Dr. Smith flashed his lights in warning, but the oncoming car failed to stop and plowed into the doctor's car at full speed. It sent his car careering into Bessie Smith's overturned Packard, completely wrecking it. The oncoming car ricocheted off Dr. Smith's car into the ditch on the right, barely missing Broughton and Bessie Smith.[14]
The young couple in the new car did not have life-threatening injuries. Two ambulances arrived on the scene from Clarksdale; one from the black hospital, summoned by Mr. Broughton, the other from the white hospital, acting on a report from the truck driver, who had not seen the accident victims.
Bessie Smith was taken to Clarksdale's G.T. Thomas Afro-American Hospital, where her right arm was amputated. She died that morning without regaining consciousness. After Smith's death, an often repeated but now discredited story emerged about the circumstances; namely, that she had died as a result of having been refused admission to a "whites only" hospital in Clarksdale. Jazz writer/producer John Hammond gave this account in an article in the November 1937 issue of Down Beat magazine. The circumstances of Smith's death and the rumor promoted by Hammond formed the basis for Edward Albee's 1959 one-act play The Death of Bessie Smith.[15]
"The Bessie Smith ambulance would not have gone to a white hospital, you can forget that." Dr. Smith told Albertson. "Down in the Deep South cotton country, no ambulance driver, or white driver, would even have thought of putting a colored person off in a hospital for white folks."[16]
.jpg)
Smith's funeral was held in Philadelphia on Monday, October 4, 1937. Her body was originally laid out at Upshur's funeral home. As word of her death spread through Philadelphia's black community, the body had to be moved to the O.V. Catto Elks Lodge to accommodate the estimated 10,000 mourners who filed past her coffin on Sunday, October 3.[17] Contemporary newspapers reported that her funeral was attended by about seven thousand people. Far fewer mourners attended the burial at Mount Lawn Cemetery, in nearby Sharon Hill. Gee thwarted all efforts to purchase a stone for his estranged wife, once or twice pocketing money raised for that purpose.[18]
The grave remained unmarked until August 7, 1970, when a tombstone—paid for by singer Janis Joplin and Juanita Green, who as a child had done housework for Smith—was erected.[19]
Dory Previn wrote a song of Janis Joplin and the tombstone called "Stone for Bessie Smith" on her album Mythical Kings and Iguanas.
The Afro-American Hospital, now the Riverside Hotel in Clarksdale, was the site of the dedication of the fourth historic marker on the Mississippi Blues Trail.[20]
Selective awards and recognitions[link]
Grammy Hall of Fame[link]
Recordings of Bessie Smith were inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame. This special Grammy Award was established in 1973 to honor recordings that are at least 25 years old and that have "qualitative or historical significance."
| Bessie Smith: Grammy Hall of Fame Award[21] | ||||
| Year Recorded | Title | Genre | Label | Year Inducted |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1923 | "Downhearted Blues" | Blues (Single) | Columbia | 2006 |
| 1925 | "St. Louis Blues" | Jazz (Single) | Columbia | 1993 |
| 1928 | "Empty Bed Blues" | Blues (Single) | Columbia | 1983 |
National Recording Registry[link]
In 2002 Smith's recording of the single, "Downhearted Blues", was included by the National Recording Preservation Board in the Library of Congress' National Recording Registry.[22] The board selects songs on an annual basis that are "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant."[23]
"Downhearted Blues" was included in the list of Songs of the Century by the Recording Industry of America and the National Endowment for the Arts in 2001. It is in the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame as one of the 500 songs that shaped rock 'n' roll.[24]
Inductions[link]
| Year Inducted | Category | Notes | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2008 | Nesuhi Ertegun Jazz Hall of Fame | Jazz at Lincoln Center, NYC | ||
| 1989 | Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award | |||
| 1989 | Rock and Roll Hall of Fame | "Early influences" | ||
| 1981 | Big Band and Jazz Hall of Fame | |||
| 1980 | Blues Hall of Fame | |||
U.S. Postage Stamp
| Year Issued | Stamp | USA | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1994 | 29 cents Commemorative stamp | U.S. Postal Stamps | |
Digital remastering[link]
Technical faults in the majority of her original gramophone recordings—especially variations in recording speed, which raised or lowered the apparent pitch of her voice, misrepresented the "light and shade" of her phrasing, interpretation and delivery. They altered the apparent key of her performances (sometimes raised or lowered by as much as a semitone.) The fact that the "centre hole" in some of the master recordings had not been in the true middle of the master disc meant that there were wide variations in tone, pitch, key and phrasing, as commercially released records revolved around the spindle.
Given those historic limitations, the current digitally remastered versions of her work deliver significant, very positive differences in the sound quality of Smith's performances. Some critics believe that the American Columbia Records compact disc releases are somewhat inferior to subsequent transfers made by the late John R.T. Davies for Frog Records.[citation needed]
Popular culture[link]
- The 1948 short story "Blue Melody" by J.D. Salinger and the 1959 play The Death of Bessie Smith by Edward Albee both deal with Smith's death.
- Jack Peñate's song 'Learning Lines' off his first album refers to 'Bessie Smith, sings the blues' in its chorus.
References[link]
- ^ Jasen, David A.; Gene Jones (September 1998). Spreadin' Rhythm Around: Black Popular Songwriters, 1880–1930. Schirmer Books. p. 289. ISBN 978-0-02-864742-5.
- ^ Bessie Smith at sparknotes.com
- ^ Albertson. Bessie (Revised and Expanded Edition), Yale University Press (New Haven), 2003. ISBN 0-300-09902-9.
- ^ Albertson, 2003, page 11.
- ^ Albertson, 2003.
- ^ Albertson, 2003, pp. 14–15.
- ^ Oliver, Paul. "Bessie Smith", in Kernfeld, Barry. ed. The New Grove Dictionary of Jazz, 2nd Edition, Vol. 3. London: MacMillan, 2002. p. 604.
- ^ Albertson, 2003, pp. 80.
- ^ Hammond, "John Hammond On Record", p. 120.
- ^ Albertson, Bessie, pp. 224–225.
- ^ Albertson. Bessie (Revised and Expanded Edition), Yale University Press (New Haven), 2003. ISBN 0-300-09902-9
- ^ "Blues Legend Bessie Smith Dead 50 Years". Schenectady Gazette. 26 September 1987. http://news.google.com/newspapers?id=a2VGAAAAIBAJ&sjid=-ecMAAAAIBAJ&pg=1073,6477849&dq=theater+owners+booking+association&hl=en. Retrieved 16 November 2010.
- ^ Chris Albertson: Bessie: Empress of the Blues (Sphere Books, London, 1972) ISBN 0-300-09902-9), pp. 192–195
- ^ Chris Albertson: Bessie: Empress of the Blues (Sphere Books, London, 1972) ISBN 0-300-09902-9), p.195
- ^ Love, Spencie (1997). One Blood: The Death and Resurrection of Charles R. Drew. North Carolina: The University of North Carolina Press. pp. 67. ISBN 978-0-8078-4682-7. http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=J-F3sSgLA_AC&pg=PA69&lpg=PA69&dq=G.T.+Thomas+Hospital+clarksdale&source=bl&ots=pgJluPHI-I&sig=u-jPmqmQcCjPXplUvWnnIEvppak&hl=en&ei=Hi2rToCWH4mw8gOLiIygCw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=4&ved=0CCwQ6AEwAzgK#v=onepage&q=G.T.%20Thomas%20Hospital%20clarksdale&f=false.
- ^ Chris Albertson: Bessie: Empress of the Blues (Sphere Books, London, 1972) ISBN 0-300-09902-9), p.196
- ^ Chris Albertson, Bessie: Empress of the Blues (Sphere Books, London, 1975, ISBN 0-349-10054-3)
- ^ Albertson, Bessie, pp. 2–5 and 277.
- ^ Albertson, Bessie, p. 277.
- ^ "Historical marker placed on Mississippi Blues Trail". Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. Associated Press. January 25, 2007. http://www.post-gazette.com/pg/07025/756420-37.stm. Retrieved 2007-02-09.
- ^ Grammy Hall of Fame Award Database
- ^ 2002 Registry choices
- ^ Librarian of Congress Names 50 Sound Recordings to the Inaugural National Recording Registry
- ^ 500 Songs That Shaped Rock
Further reading[link]
- Albertson, Chris, Liner notes, Bessie Smith: The Complete Recordings, Volumes 1 – 5, Sony Music Entertainment, 1991.
- Albertson, Chris, Bessie (Revised and Expanded Edition), Yale University Press (New Haven), 2003. ISBN 0-300-09902-9.
- Barnet, Andrea (2004). All-Night Party: The Women of Bohemian Greenwich Village and Harlem, 1913–1930. Chapel Hill, NC: Algonquin Books. ISBN 1-56512-381-6.
- Brooks, Edward, The Bessie Smith Companion: A Critical and Detailed Appreciation of the Recordings, Da Capo Press (New York), 1982. ISBN 0-306-76202-1.
- Davis, Angela Y., Blues Legacies and Black Feminism: Gertrude "Ma" Rainey, Bessie Smith, and Billie Holiday, Pantheon Books (New York), 1998. ISBN 0-679-45005-X.
- Eberhardt, Clifford, Out of Chattanooga, Ebco (Chattanooga), 1994.
- Feinstein, Elaine, Bessie Smith, Viking (New York), 1985, ISBN 0-670-80642-0.
- Grimes, Sara, Backwaterblues: In Search of Bessie Smith, Rose Island Pub. (Amherst), 2000, ISBN 0-9707089-0-4.
- Kay, Jackie, Bessie Smith, Absolute (New York), 1997. ISBN 1-899791-55-8.
- Manera, Alexandria, Bessie Smith, Raintree (Chicago), 2003. ISBN 0-7398-6875-6.
- Martin, Florence, Bessie Smith, Editions du Limon (Paris), 1994. ISBN 2-907224-31-X.
- Oliver, Paul, Bessie Smith, Cassell (London), 1959.
- Palmer, Tony, All You Need is Love: The Story of Popular Music, Grossman Publishers/Viking Press (New York), 1976. ISBN 0-670-11448-0.
- Welding, Pete; Byron, Tony (eds.), Bluesland: Portraits of Twelve Major American Blues Masters, Dutton (New York), 1991. ISBN 0-525-93375-1.
External links[link]
- Interview with Bessie Smith biographer Chris Albertson
- Bessie Smith at Find A Grave Memorial
- Bessie Smith discography at Discogs
| Persondata | |
|---|---|
| Name | Smith, Bessie |
| Alternative names | |
| Short description | American blues singer |
| Date of birth | April 15, 1894 |
| Place of birth | Chattanooga, Tennessee, United States |
| Date of death | September 26, 1937 |
| Place of death | Clarksdale, Mississippi, United States |
http://wn.com/Bessie_Smith
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bessie_Smith
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
Pierina Legnani (1863–1930) was an Italian ballerina considered one of the greatest ballerinas of all time.
Contents |
Career[link]
Legnani was born on September 30, 1863 in Milan. From 1893 until 1901 she was Prima Ballerina Assoluta with the Tsar's Imperial Ballet at the Maryinsky Theatre, St. Petersburg.[1] Legnani trained at La Scala where she developed her technical expertise. She was the first ballerina to introduce the 32 fouettés en tournant into the coda of the Grand Pas d'action of the ballet Cinderella. [2] The 32 turns on pointe is a bravura procedure emphasising the strength and technique of the dancer.
Legnani danced the rôles of Odette and Odile in the 1895 Riccardo Drigo revised version of the ballet Swan Lake .
Her last performance was in the Minkus/Petipa ballet La Camargo on January 28, 1901 after which she retired to live in her villa at Lake Como.[3]
Ballets of Petipa featuring Pierina Legnani[link]
The ballets of Marius Petipa that she danced were as follows—
- Cinderella from Petipa/Ivanov/Cecchetti (music by Fitingof-Shell, 1893), Legnani was the first to establish 32 fouettés en tournant.
- The Talisman (music by Riccardo Drigo, 1895 )
- La Perle (music by Drigo, 1896)
- Raymonda (music by Aleksandr Glazunov, 1898)
- Les ruses d’amour (music by Glazunov)
- Coppélia (version from Petipa/Cecchetti, music by Léo Delibes, 1896)
- The Cavalry Halt (music by Johann Armsheimer, 1896)
Death[link]
After retiring from the stage she lived in Italy and served on the examining board of La Scala Ballet School until four months before she died. She died on November 15, 1930.
References[link]
- Notes
- ^ Mary Clarke and David Vaughan (eds) 1977. The Encyclopedia of Dance and Ballet. Pitmans, London. p209
- ^ Wiley, Roland John (1997). The Life and Ballets of Lev Ivanov. New York City: Oxford University Press. pp. 165. ISBN 0-19-816567-6.
- ^ [1]
External links[link]
  |
This Italian biographical article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. |
| Persondata | |
|---|---|
| Name | Legnani, Pierina |
| Alternative names | |
| Short description | |
| Date of birth | 1863 |
| Place of birth | |
| Date of death | 1923 |
| Place of death | |
http://wn.com/Pierina_Legnani
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierina_Legnani
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
