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Achaemenid Empire
The Achaemenid Empire () (ca. 550–330 BCE), also known as the Persian Empire, was the successor state of the Median Empire, ruling over significant portions of what would become Greater Iran. The Persian and the Median Empire taken together are also known as the Medo-Persian Empire, which encompassed the combined territories of several earlier empires.
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Akkadian Empire
The Akkadian Empire was an empire centered in the city of Akkad (Sumerian: Agade , Arabic: أكد, Assyrian: ܐܟܕ, [http://www.premiumwanadoo.com/cuneiform.languages/en_ecriture.htm Hittite] KUR A.GA.DÈKI "land of Akkad"; Biblical Hebrew אַכַּד (Genesis 10:10)) and its surrounding region (Akkadian URU Akkad KI) in Ancient Iraq, (Mesopotamia). The Akkadian state was the predecessor of the ethnic Akkadian states of Babylonia and Assyria; formed following centuries of Akkadian cultural synergy with Sumerians, it reached the height of its power between the 24th and 22nd centuries BC following the conquests of king Sargon of Akkad, and is sometimes regarded as the first manifestation of an empire in history.
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Behistun Inscription
The Behistun Inscription (also Bisitun or Bisutun, Modern Persian: بیستون ; Old Persian: Bhagasthana, meaning "the god's place or land") is a multi-lingual inscription located on Mount Behistun in the Kermanshah Province of Iran, near the city of Kermanshah in western Iran.
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Bosporan Kingdom
The Bosporan Kingdom or the Kingdom of the Cimmerian Bosporus was an ancient state, located in eastern Crimea and the Taman Peninsula on the shores of the Cimmerian Bosporus (see Strait of Kerch). It is interesting as the first truly 'Hellenistic' state—in the sense of one in which a mixed population adopted the Greek language and civilization.
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Carthage
Carthage ( or Karthago, , , Berber: ⴽⴰⵔⵜⴰⵊⴻⵏ Kartajen, kartago, from the Phoenician קַרְתְּ חַדַשְתְּ meaning New City, implying it was a 'new Tyre') refers to a series of cities on the Gulf of Tunis, from a Phoenician colony of the 1st millennium BCE to the current suburb outside Tunis, Tunisia.
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Caucasian Iberia
:This article is about a place in ancient Georgia. For the peninsula in southwest Europe, see Iberian Peninsula.
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India
India (), officially the Republic of India ( ; see also official names of India), is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country with over 1.18 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world. Mainland India is bounded by the Indian Ocean on the south, the Arabian Sea on the west, and the Bay of Bengal on the east; and it is bordered by Pakistan to the west; Bhutan, the People's Republic of China and Nepal to the north; and Bangladesh and Burma to the east. In the Indian Ocean, mainland India and the Lakshadweep Islands are in the vicinity of Sri Lanka and the Maldives, while India's Andaman and Nicobar Islands share maritime border with Thailand and the Indonesian island of Sumatra in the Andaman Sea. India has a coastline of .
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Kakheti
Kakheti (Kaxeti, ) is a historical province in Eastern Georgia inhabited by Kakhetians who speak a local dialect of Georgian. It is bordered by the small mountainous province of Tusheti and the Greater Caucasus mountain range to the north, Russian Federation to the Northeast, Azerbaijan to the Southeast, and the Georgian province of Kartli to the west. Kakheti is geographically divided into the Inner Kakheti to the east of Tsiv-Gombori mountain-range and the Outer Kakheti to the west of it. The major river of the eastern part is Alazani, while that of the western part is the Iori.
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Kingdom of Gwynedd
Gwynedd () was one petty kingdom of several Welsh successor states which emerged in 5th-century post-Roman Britain in the Early Middle Ages, and later evolved into a principality during the High Middle Ages. It was based on the former Brythonic tribal lands of the Ordovices, Gangani, and the Deceangli which were collectively known as Venedotia in late Romano-British documents. Between the 5th and 13th centuries Gwynedd grew to include Ynys Môn and all of north Wales between the River Dyfi in the south and River Dee (Welsh Dyfrdwy) in the northeast. The Irish sea (Môr Iwerddon) washes the coast of Gwynedd to the west and north and lands formerly part of the Kingdom of Powys border Gwynedd in the south-east.
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Kingdom of Navarre
The Kingdom of Navarre (, , ), originally the Kingdom of Pamplona, was a European kingdom which occupied lands on either side of the Pyrenees alongside the Atlantic Ocean.
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Macedon
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Medes
The Medes, (Greek , from Old Persian ) were an ancient Iranian peopleA) "Mede" Encyclopædia Britannica 2008 (Encyclopædia Britannica Online) 16 January 2008 .
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Mughal Empire
The Mughal Empire (, ; Urdu: ; self-designation: , ), or Mogul (also Moghul) Empire in former English usage, was an Indian-Islamic power that ruled a large portion of the Indian subcontinent which began in 1526, invaded and ruled most of South Asia by the late 17th and early 18th centuries and ended in the mid-19th century.
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Palenque
Palenque (Bàak' in Modern Maya) was a Maya city state in southern Mexico that flourished in the seventh century CE. After its decline it was absorbed into the jungle, but has been excavated and restored and is now a famous archaeological site attracting thousands of visitors. It is located near the Usumacinta River in the Mexican state of Chiapas, located about 130 km south of Ciudad del Carmen (see [http://www.placeopedia.com/?6262 map]) about 150 meters above sea-level.
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Parthian Empire
The Parthian Empire (247 BC – 224 AD), also known as the Arsacid Empire (Modern Persian: اشکانیان Ashkanian) after the eponymous founder, was a major Iranian political and cultural power in the Ancient Near East. It was founded in the mid-3rd century BC by Arsaces I of Parthia, leader of the Parni tribe, when he conquered the Parthia region ("roughly western Khurasan" in Iran's northeast), then a satrapy (province) in rebellion against the Greek Seleucid Empire. Mithridates I of Parthia (r. c. 171–138 BC) greatly expanded the empire by seizing Media and Mesopotamia from the Seleucids. At its height, the Parthian Empire stretched from the northern reaches of the Euphrates, in what is now eastern Turkey, to eastern Iran. The empire, located on the Silk Road trade route between the Roman Empire in the Mediterranean Basin and the Han Dynasty in China, quickly became a center of trade and commerce.
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Persian Empire
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Sri Lanka
The Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka (commonly known as Sri Lanka (, , or ); ; , ) is a country and a sovereign state off souther coast of the Indian subcontinent. A island nation in South Asia, it was till 1972 known as Ceylon (, , or ). Sri Lanka is surrounded by the Indian Ocean, the Gulf of Mannar and the Palk Strait.
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Wessex
The Kingdom of Wessex () or Kingdom of the West Saxons () was an Anglo-Saxon kingdom of the West Saxons, in South West England, from the 6th century, until the emergence of a united English state in the 10th century, under the Wessex dynasty. It was to be an earldom after Canute the Great's conquest of 1016, from 1020 to 1066. After the Norman Conquest there was a dissolution of the English earldoms, and Wessex was split among the followers of William the Conqueror.
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Yuan Dynasty
The Yuan Dynasty (; pinyin: Yuáncháo; ), ), or Great Yuan Empire () was a ruling dynasty founded by the Mongol leader Kublai Khan, who ruled most of present-day China, all of modern Mongolia and its surrounding areas, lasting officially from 1271 to 1368. It is considered both as a division or continuation of the Mongol Empire and as an imperial dynasty of China. In Chinese history, the Yuan Dynasty followed the Song Dynasty and preceded the Ming Dynasty. Although the dynasty was established by Kublai Khan, he had his grandfather Genghis Khan placed on the official record as the founder of the dynasty or Taizu (). Besides Emperor of China, Kublai Khan had also claimed the title of Great Khan, i.e. supremacy over the other Mongol khanates (Chagatai Khanate, Golden Horde, Ilkhanate); however this claim was only truly recognized by the Il-Khanids, who were nevertheless essentially self-governing. Although later emperors of the Yuan Dynasty were recognized by the three virtually independent western khanates as their nominal suzerains, they each continued their own separate developments. The Yuan is sometimes referred to as the Empire of the Great Khan, as the Mongol Emperors of the Yuan held the title of Great Khan of all Mongol Khanates.
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Abbas I of Persia
Shāh ‘Abbās the Great (or Shāh ‘Abbās I) () (January 27, 1571 – January 19, 1629) was Shah (king) of Iran, and the greatest ruler of the Safavid dynasty. He was the third son of Shah Mohammad.
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Abraham Kidunaia
Saint Abraham the Great of Kidunja (?- d. c. 366) was a Hermit and Priest of the Christian Church.
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Ajax (mythology)
:"Aias" redirects here. For other uses of this name, see AIAS and Ajax (disambiguation).
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Akbar
Jalaluddin Muhammad Akbar ( Jalāl ud-Dīn Muhammad Akbar), also known as Shahanshah Akbar-E-Azam, Akbar the Great or Mahabali Shahanshah (23 November 1542 – 27 October 1605), was the third Mughal Emperor. He was of Timurid descent; the son of Humayun, and the grandson of Babur, the ruler who founded the Mughal dynasty in India. At the end of his reign in 1605 the Mughal empire covered most of the northern and central India and was one of the most powerful empires of its age.
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Alain I of Albret
Alain I of Albret (1440-1522), called "The Great", was a powerful French aristocrat. He was 16th Lord of Albret, Viscount of Tartas, the 2nd Count of Graves, and the Count of Castres. He was the son of Catherine de Rohan and Jean I of Albret. He was the grandson and heir of Charles II of Albret, and became head of the House of Albret in 1471.
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Albert the Great
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Albertus Magnus
Saint Albertus Magnus, O.P. (1193/1206 – November 15, 1280), also known as Saint Albert the Great and Albert of Cologne, was a Dominican friar and bishop who achieved fame for his comprehensive knowledge of and advocacy for the peaceful coexistence of science and religion. Those such as James A. Weisheipl and Joachim R. Söder have referred to him as the greatest German philosopher and theologian of the Middle Ages, an opinion supported by contemporaries such as Roger Bacon. He was the first among medieval scholars to apply Aristotle's philosophy to Christian thought. The Catholic Church honors him as a Doctor of the Church, one of only 33 persons with that honor.
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Alexander the Great
Alexander III of Macedon (20/21 July 356 – 10/11 June 323 BC), commonly known as Alexander the Great (, Mégas Aléxandros), was a Greek king of Macedon. He is the most celebrated member of the Argead Dynasty and the creator of one of the largest empires in ancient history.
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Alfred the Great
Alfred the Great (, "elf counsel") (849 – 26 October 899) was King of Wessex from 871 to 899. Alfred is noted for his defence of the Anglo-Saxon kingdoms of southern England against the Vikings, becoming the only English monarch to be accorded the epithet "the Great". Alfred was the first King of the West Saxons to style himself "King of the Anglo-Saxons". Details of his life are described in a work by the Welsh scholar and bishop Asser. Alfred was a learned man who encouraged education and improved his kingdom's legal system and military structure. He is regarded as a saint by some Catholics, but has never been officially canonized. The Anglican Communion venerates him as a hero of the Christian Church, with a feast day of 26 October,sfn|Gross|1990|loc= and he may often be found depicted in stained glass in Church of England parish churches.
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Anthony the Great
Anthony the Great (c. 251–356), (Coptic Ⲁⲃⲃⲁ Ⲁⲛⲧⲱⲛⲓ), also known as Saint Anthony, Anthony the Abbot, Anthony of Egypt, Anthony of the Desert, Anthony the Anchorite, Abba Antonius (Ἀββᾶς Ἀντώνιος), and Father of All Monks, was a Christian saint from Egypt, a prominent leader among the Desert Fathers. He is celebrated in many churches on his feast days: 17 January in the Eastern Orthodox Church and Western churches; and Tobi 22, (January 30) in the Coptic Orthodox Church and the Coptic Catholic Church.
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Antiochus the Great
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Ashoka
Ashoka (Devanāgarī: अशोक, IAST: ', , 304–232 BC), popularly known as Ashoka the Great''', was an Indian emperor of the Maurya Dynasty who ruled almost all of the Indian subcontinent from 269 BC to 232 BC. One of India's greatest emperors, Ashoka reigned over most of present-day India after a number of military conquests. His empire stretched from present-day Pakistan, Afghanistan in the west, to the present-day Bangladesh and the Indian state of Assam in the east, and as far south as northern Kerala and Andhra. He conquered the kingdom named Kalinga, which no one in his dynasty had conquered starting from Chandragupta Maurya. His reign was headquartered in Magadha (present-day Bihar, India). He embraced Buddhism from the prevalent Vedic tradition after witnessing the mass deaths of the war of Kalinga, which he himself had waged out of a desire for conquest. He was later dedicated to the propagation of Buddhism across Asia and established monuments marking several significant sites in the life of Gautama Buddha. Ashoka was a devotee of ahimsa (nonviolence), love, truth, tolerance and vegetarianism. Ashoka is remembered in history as a philanthropic administrator. In the history of India Ashoka is referred to as Samraat Chakravartin Ashoka- the Emperor of Emperors Ashoka.
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Ashoka the Great
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Ashot I of Iberia
Ashot I the Great () (died 826/830) was a presiding prince of Iberia (modern Georgia), first of the Bagratid family to have attained to this office c. 813. From his base in Tao-Klarjeti, he fought to enlarge the Bagratid territories and sought the Byzantine protectorate against the Arab encroachment until being murdered c. 830. Ashot is also known as Ashot I Curopalates for the Byzantine title he wore. A patron of Christian culture and a friend of the church, he has been canonized by the Georgian Orthodox Church.
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Askia Mohammad I
Askia the Great (ca. 1442 – 1538, also Muhammad Toure) was a Soninke emperor of the Songhai Empire in the late 15th century, the successor of Sunni Ali Ber. Askia Muhammad strengthened his country and made it the largest country in West Africa's history. At its peak under Muhammad, the Songhai Empire encompassed the Hausa states as far as Kano (in present-day Nigeria) and much of the territory that had belonged to the Mali Empire in the west. His policies resulted in a rapid expansion of trade with Europe and Asia, the creation of many schools, and made Islam an integral part of the empire.
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Ayyubid dynasty
The Ayyubids (Kurdish:ایوبیان, Eyûbiyan) were a Sunni Muslim dynasty of Kurdish origin, centered in Cairo and Damascus that ruled much of the Middle East during the 12th and 13th centuries CE. The Ayyubid family, under the brothers Ayyub and Shirkuh, originally served as soldiers for the Zengids until they gradually gained independence from them under Saladin, Ayyub's son. In 1171, Saladin proclaimed himself sultan of Egypt after dissolving the Fatimid Caliphate upon the death of al-Adid. The Ayyubids spent the next decade launching conquests throughout the region and by 1183, the Ayyubid state included Egypt, Syria, northern Mesopotamia, the Hejaz, Yemen, and the North African coast up to the borders of modern-day Tunisia. Most of the Kingdom of Jerusalem, consisting of Palestine and Transjordan fell to the Ayyubids after their victory at the Battle of Hattin in 1187. However, the Crusaders regained control of Palestine's coastline in the 1190s.
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Babai the Great
Babai the Great (ca. 551 – 628) was an early church father of the Church of the East. He set several of the foundational pillars of the Church, revived the monastic movement, and formulated its Christology in a systematic way. He served as an unofficial head of the Nestorian Church from 611 to 628 AD, leaving a legacy of strong discipline and deep religious Orthodoxy. He is revered in the modern Assyrian Church of the East.
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Bhumibol Adulyadej
Bhumibol Adulyadej (Royal Institute: Phumiphon Adunyadet; , ; see full title below; born 5 December 1927) is the current King of Thailand. Publicly declared "the Great" (Thai: มหาราช, Maharaja), he is also known as Rama IX. Having reigned since 9 June 1946, he is the world's longest-serving current head of state and the longest-reigning monarch in Thai history. He was admitted to Siriraj Hospital in September 2009 for flu and pneumonia and has remained in the hospital since. Rumors about his ill-health caused Thai financial markets to tumble in October 2009.
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Bruno the Great
Bruno the Great (or Bruno I) (925–965) was Archbishop of Cologne, Germany, from 953 until his death, and Duke of Lotharingia from 954. He was the brother of Otto I, king of Germany and later Holy Roman Emperor.
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Catherine the Great
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Chandragupta II
Chandragupta II the Great (very often referred to as Vikramaditya or Chandragupta Vikramaditya in Sanskrit; also known to the Greek world as Sandrokottos) was one of the most powerful emperors of the Gupta empire. His rule spanned 375-413/15 CE, during which the Gupta Empire achieved its zenith. The period of prominence of the Gupta dynasty is very often referred to as the Golden Age of India. Chandragupta II the Great was the son of the previous ruler, Samudragupta the Great. He attained success by pursuing both a favorable marital alliance and an aggressive expansionist policy. In this his father and grandfather set the precedent.
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Charlemagne
Charlemagne (; , meaning Charles the Great; possibly 74228 January 814) was King of the Franks from 768 and Emperor of the Romans (Imperator Romanorum) from 800 to his death. He expanded the Frankish kingdom into an empire that incorporated much of Western and Central Europe. During his reign, he conquered Italy and was crowned by Pope Leo III on 25 December 800. This temporarily made him a rival of the Byzantine Emperor in Constantinople. His rule is also associated with the Carolingian Renaissance, a revival of art, religion, and culture through the medium of the Catholic Church. Through his foreign conquests and internal reforms, Charlemagne helped define both Western Europe and the Middle Ages. He is numbered as Charles I in the regnal lists of France, Germany (where he is known as Karl der Große), and the Holy Roman Empire. Charlemagne wished to expand his kingdom by "the sword and the cross". He wished to see his kingdom grow, but he also wanted Christianity to be taught in all the kingdoms he conquered as well. Charlemagne was a Catholic and a strong believer in his faith.
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Chlothar II
Chlothar II (or Chlotar, Clothar, Clotaire, Chlotochar, or Hlothar, giving rise to Lothair; 584 – 629), called the Great (le Grand) or the Young (le Jeune), King of Neustria, and, from 613 to 629, King of all the Franks, was not yet born when his father, King Chilperic I died in 584. His mother, Fredegund, was regent until her death in 597, at which time the thirteen-year-old Chlothar began to rule for himself. As king, he continued his mother's feud with Brunhilda, queen of Austrasia, with equal viciousness and bloodshed.
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Chulalongkorn
Phra Bat Somdet Phra Poramintharamaha Chulalongkorn Phra Chunla Chom Klao Chao Yu Hua (), or Rama V (20 September 1853 – 23 October 1910) was the fifth monarch of Siam under the House of Chakri. He was known to the Siamese of his time as Phra Phuttha Chao Luang (พระพุทธเจ้าหลวง - The Royal Buddha). He is considered one of the greatest kings of Siam. His reign was characterized by the modernization of Siam, immense government and social reforms, and territorial cessions to the British Empire and French Indochina. As Siam was threatened by Western expansionism, Chulalongkorn, through his policies and acts, managed to save Siam from being colonized. All his reforms were dedicated to Siam’s insurance of survival in the midst of Western colonialism, so that Chulalongkorn earned the epithet Phra Piya Maharat (พระปิยมหาราช - The Great Beloved King).
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Cnut the Great
Cnut the Great (; Old Norse: Knūtr inn rīki; c. 985 or 995 – 12 November 1035), also known as Canute or Knut, was a Viking king of Denmark (Cnut II), England, Norway and parts of Sweden. As a statesman, with notable successes in politics and the military, and the importance of his legacy – if now obscure – Cnut seems to have been one of the greatest figures of medieval Europe. Until recently though, after the death of his heirs within a decade of his own and the Norman conquest of England in 1066, his achievements were largely lost to history.
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Constantine I
Flavius Valerius Aurelius ConstantinusIn Latin Constantine is the first Christian emperor. Constantine's official imperial title was IMPERATOR CAESAR FLAVIVS CONSTANTINVS PIVS FELIX INVICTVS AVGVSTVS, Imperator Caesar Flavius Constantine Augustus, the pious, the fortunate, the undefeated. After 312, he added MAXIMVS ("the greatest"), and after 325 replaced ("undefeated") with VICTOR, as invictus reminded of Sol Invictus, the Sun God. (c. 27 February 272 – 22 May 337), commonly known as Constantine I, Constantine the Great, or Saint Constantine, was Roman Emperor from 306 to 337. Best known for being the first Christian Roman emperor, Constantine reversed the persecutions of his predecessor, Diocletian, and issued the Edict of Milan in 313, which proclaimed religious tolerance of Christians throughout the empire.
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Cyrus the Great
Cyrus the Great (Old Persian:
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Darius I of Persia
Darius I, known as Darius the Great, was the third "king of kings" (emperor) of the Achaemenid Empire. Darius held the empire at its peak, then including Egypt, northern India, and parts of Greece. The decay and downfall of the empire commenced with his death and the coronation of his son, Xerxes I.
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Darius the Great
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Emmy the Great
Emma-Lee Moss (born 1984), known by her stage name Emmy the Great, is a London-based singer-songwriter. Moss was born in Hong Kong to an English father and Chinese mother, and emigrated with her family to London at the age of 12. After moving to the UK, she attended the Michael Hall Rudolf Steiner School in West Sussex.
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Euthymius the Great
Saint Euthymius (377-473), often styled the Great, was an Abbot in Palestine.
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Franks
The Franks ( or gens Francorum) were a West Germanic tribal confederation first attested in the third century as living north and east of the Lower Rhine River. From the third to fifth centuries some Franks raided Roman territory while other Franks joined the Roman troops in Gaul. Only the Salian Franks formed a kingdom on Roman-held soil that was acknowledged by the Romans after 357. In the climate of the collapse of imperial authority in the West, the Frankish tribes were united under the Merovingians and conquered all of Gaul except Septimania in the 6th century. The Salian political elite would be one of the most active forces in spreading Christianity over western Europe.
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Frederick the Great
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Genghis Khan
Genghis Khan ( or ; Mongolian: or ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠢᠰ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ, ', or '), ; probably 1162–1227), born B. Temüjin (, was the founder, Khan (ruler) and Khagan (emperor) of the Mongol Empire, which became the largest contiguous empire in history after his death.
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Henry IV of France
Henry IV (13 December 1553 – 14 May 1610) was King of France from 1589 to 1610 and King of Navarre from 1572 to 1610. He was the first monarch of the Bourbon branch of the Capetian dynasty in France. His parents were Queen Jeanne III and King Antoine of Navarre.
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Herod the Great
Herod (, Hordos, Greek: , Hērōidēs), also known as Herod I or Herod the Great (born 71, 73 or 74 BCE, died 4 BCE in Jericho, according to other data, 1 BCE), was an Edomite Jewish Roman client king of the Roman provinces of Judea, Galilee and Samaria (present-day Israel). He was described as "a madman who murdered his own family and a great many rabbis." He is also known for his colossal building projects in Jerusalem and other parts of the ancient world, including the rebuilding of the Second Temple in Jerusalem, sometimes referred to as Herod's Temple. Some details of his biography can be gleaned from the works of the 1st century CE Roman-Jewish historian Josephus Flavius.
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Hugh the Great
Hugh the Great (898 – 16 June 956) was duke of the Franks and count of Paris, son of King Robert I of France and nephew of King Odo. He was born in Paris, Ile-de-France, France. His eldest son was Hugh Capet who became King of France in 987. His family is known as the Robertians.
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Ivan III of Russia
Ivan III Vasilevich () (22 January 1440, Moscow – 27 October 1505, Moscow), also known as Ivan the Great, was a Grand Prince of Moscow and "Grand Prince of all Rus" (Великий князь всея Руси). Sometimes referred to as the "gatherer of the Russian lands", he tripled the territory of his state, ended the dominance of the Golden Horde over the Rus, renovated the Moscow Kremlin, and laid the foundations of the Russian state. He was one of the longest-reigning Russian rulers in history.
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John I of Portugal
John I (or João I, ; Lisbon, São João da Praça (extinct), 11 April 1358 – Lisbon, Castle, 14 August 1433), called the Good (sometimes the Great) or of Happy Memory, more rarely and outside Portugal the Bastard, was the tenth King of Portugal and the Algarve and the first to use the title Lord of Ceuta. He was the natural son of Peter I by a woman named Teresa Lourenço, who some say was a noble Galician, daughter of Lourenço Martins, o da Praça, and wife Sancha Martins. In 1364 he was created Grand Master of the Order of Aviz, by which title he was known. He became king in 1385, after the 1383–1385 Crisis.
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John II of Aragon
John II the Great (June 29, 1398 – January 20, 1479) was the King of Aragon from 1458 until 1479, and jure uxoris King of Navarre from 1425 until his death. He was the son of Ferdinand I and his wife Eleanor of Alburquerque. John is regarded as one of the most memorable and most unscrupulous kings of the 15th century.
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Justinian I
Justinian I (; lang-el|; 483 – 13 or 14 November 565), commonly known as Justinian the Great, was Roman (Byzantine) Emperor from 527 to 565. During his reign, Justinian sought to revive the empire's greatness and reconquer the lost western half of the classical Roman Empire.
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Kamehameha I
Kamehameha I (ca. 1758 – May 8, 1819), also known as Kamehameha the Great, conquered the Hawaiian Islands and formally established the Kingdom of Hawaii in 1810. By developing alliances with the major Pacific colonial powers, Kamehameha preserved Hawaii's independence under his rule. Kamehameha is remembered for the Kanawai Mamalahoe, the "Law of the Splintered Paddle", which protects human rights of non-combatants in times of battle. Kamehameha's full Hawaiian name is Kalani Paiea Wohi o Kaleikini Kealiikui Kamehameha o Iolani i Kaiwikapu kaui Ka Liholiho Kūnuiākea.
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Kanishka
Kanishka (, Bactrian language: , Middle Chinese: 迦腻色伽) was a king of the Kushan Empire in Central Asia, ruling an empire extending from Bactria to large parts of northern India in the 2nd century of the common era, and famous for his military, political, and spiritual achievements. His main capital was at Purushpura (Peshawar in present day northwestern Pakistan) with regional capitals at the location of the modern city of Taxila in Pakistan, Begram in Afghanistan and Mathura in India.
http://wn.com/Kanishka -
Kurds
http://wn.com/Kurds -
Llywelyn the Great
Llywelyn the Great (, ), full name Llywelyn ab Iorwerth, (c. 1172 11 April 1240) was a Prince of Gwynedd in north Wales and eventually de facto ruler over most of Wales. He is occasionally called Llywelyn I of Wales. By a combination of war and diplomacy he dominated Wales for forty years.
http://wn.com/Llywelyn_the_Great -
Louis I of Hungary
Louis the Great (, , , , , , , , Czech: Ludvík I. Veliký, (5 March 1326, Visegrád 10 September 1382, Nagyszombat/Trnava) was King of Hungary from 1342 and King of Poland from 1370 until his death. (See Titles section)
http://wn.com/Louis_I_of_Hungary -
Louis XIV of France
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http://wn.com/Louis_XIV_of_France -
Macarius of Egypt
Macarius of Egypt (ca. 300-391) was an Egyptian Christian monk and hermit. He is also known as Macarius the Elder, Macarius the Great and The Lamp of the Desert.
http://wn.com/Macarius_of_Egypt -
Medes
The Medes, (Greek , from Old Persian ) were an ancient Iranian peopleA) "Mede" Encyclopædia Britannica 2008 (Encyclopædia Britannica Online) 16 January 2008 .
http://wn.com/Medes -
Mongol
http://wn.com/Mongol -
Mstislav I of Kiev
Mstislav I Vladimirovich the Great () (June 1, 1076, Turov – April 14, 1132, Kiev) was the Velikiy Kniaz (Grand Prince) of Kiev (1125-1132), the eldest son of Vladimir II Monomakh by Gytha of Wessex. He figures prominently in the Norse Sagas under the name Harald, taken to allude to his grandfather, Harold II of England.
http://wn.com/Mstislav_I_of_Kiev -
Narai
Somdet Phra Narai ( 1633 - 11 July 1688) or Somdet Phra Ramathibodi III () was the king of Ayutthaya from 1656 to 1688 and allegedly the most famous Ayutthayan king. His reign was the most prosperous during the Ayutthaya period and saw the great commercial and diplomatic activities with foreign nations including the Persians and the West. During the later years of his reign, Narai gave his favorite – the Greek adventurer Constantine Phaulkon – so much power that Phaulkon technically became the chancellor of the state. Through the arrangements of Phaulkon, the Siamese kingdom came into close diplomatic relations with the court of Louis XIV and French soldiers and missionaries filled the Siamese aristocracy and defense. The dominance of French officials led to frictions between them and the native mandarins and led to the turbulent revolution of 1688 towards the end of his reign. Narai’s reign was also known for a small war with England in 1687 and the invasion of Burmese Lanna in 1662.
http://wn.com/Narai -
Naresuan
Somdet Phra Naresuan Maharat () or Somdet Phra Sanphet II () (1555, 25 April - 1605) was the King of the Ayutthaya kingdom from 1590 until his death in 1605. Naresuan was one of Siam's most revered monarchs as he was known for his campaigns to free Siam from Burmese rule. During his reign numerous wars were fought against Burma, and Siam reached its greatest territorial extent and influence.
http://wn.com/Naresuan -
Odo the Great
:For the later duke of Aquitaine, and also Gascony, with the same name, see Odo of Gascony.
http://wn.com/Odo_the_Great -
Ostrogoths
The Ostrogoths () were a branch of the Goths (the other branch being the Visigoths), an East Germanic tribe that played a major role in political events of the last decades of the Roman Empire. The Ostrogoths established the Kingdom of Italy, a relatively short-lived successor state of the Western Roman Empire.
http://wn.com/Ostrogoths -
Peter III of Aragon
Peter the Great (, , ; 1239, Valencia – 2 November 1285) was the King of Aragon (as Peter III) of Valencia and of Majorca (as Peter I), and Count of Barcelona (as Peter II) from 1276 to his death. He conquered Sicily and became its king in 1282. He was one of the greatest of medieval Aragonese monarchs.
http://wn.com/Peter_III_of_Aragon -
Peter the Great
Peter I the Great or Pyotr Alexeyevich Romanov () ( – ) ruled Russia and later the Russian Empire from until his death, jointly ruling before 1696 with his weak and sickly half-brother, Ivan V.
http://wn.com/Peter_the_Great -
Plautus
Titus Maccius Plautus (c. 254–184 BC), commonly known as Plautus, was a Roman playwright of the Old Latin period. His comedies are among the earliest surviving intact works in Latin literature. He wrote Palliata comoedia, the genre devised by the innovator of Latin literature, Livius Andronicus. The word Plautine () is used to refer to Plautus's works or works similar to or influenced by his.
http://wn.com/Plautus -
Pompey
Pompey (Latin nominative Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus), also known as or Pompey the Great (Classical Latin abbreviation: CN·POMPEIVS·CN·F·SEX·N·MAGNVS) (September 29, 106 BC – September 29, 48 BC), was a military and political leader of the late Roman Republic. He came from a wealthy Italian provincial background, and established himself in the ranks of Roman nobility by successful leadership in several campaigns. Sulla addressed him by the cognomen Magnus (the Great) and he was awarded three triumphs.
http://wn.com/Pompey -
Pompey the Great
http://wn.com/Pompey_the_Great -
Pope Gregory I
Pope Gregory I (Latin: Gregorius I; c. 540 – 12 March 604), better known in English as Gregory the Great, was pope from 3 September 590 until his death. Gregory is well-known for his writings, which were more prolific than those of any of his predecessors as pope.
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Pope John Paul II
The Venerable Pope John Paul II (18 May 1920 – 2 April 2005, born Karol Józef Wojtyła) reigned as Supreme Pontiff of the Roman Catholic Church and Sovereign of Vatican City from 16 October 1978 until his death on 2 April 2005. His was the second-longest documented pontificate; only Pope Pius IX served longer (St. Peter the Apostle is reputed to have served for more than thirty years as the first pontiff, but documentation is too sparse to definitively support this). He has been the only Slavic and Polish Pope to date, and was the first non-Italian Pope since Dutch Pope Adrian VI in 1522.
http://wn.com/Pope_John_Paul_II -
Pope Leo I
Pope Leo I, or Pope Saint Leo the Great (ca. 400 – November 10, 461), was pope from September 29, 440 to November 10, 461.
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Pope Nicholas I
Pope Saint Nicholas I, (Rome c. 800 – November 13, 867), or Nicholas the Great, reigned from April 24, 858 until his death. He is remembered as a consolidator of papal authority and power, exerting decisive influence upon the historical development of the papacy and its position among the Christian nations of Western Europe, and is considered a saint.
http://wn.com/Pope_Nicholas_I -
Prokop the Great
Prokop or Prokop the Great () (b. about 1380 – d. 30 May 1434 at Lipany) was one of the most prominent Hussite generals of the Hussite Wars. His name has also been given as "Prokop Holý" ("the Shaven") and "Procopius the Great".
http://wn.com/Prokop_the_Great -
Radama I
Radama I "the Great" (c. 1793-1828), the first king of Madagascar, united the island under his rule. He had twelve Great Wives, one of them his adopted sister Ranavalona I who would emerge victorious in the struggle for succession.
http://wn.com/Radama_I -
Raja Raja Chola I
Rajaraja Chola I ( born Arulmozhi Thevar),(also called as Arunmozhi Varman and respectfully as Periya Udayar), popularly known as Raja Raja the Great, is one of the greatest emperors of the Tamil Chola Empire who ruled between 985 and 1014 CE. He established the Chola empire by conquering the kingdoms of southern India expanding the Chola Empire as far as Sri Lanka in the south, and Kalinga (Orissa) in the northeast. He fought many battles with the Chalukyas in the north and the Pandyas in the south. By conquering Vengi, Rajaraja laid the foundations for the Later Chola dynasty. He invaded Sri Lanka and started a century-long Chola occupation of the island.
http://wn.com/Raja_Raja_Chola_I -
Rajendra Chola I
:"Rajendra Chola" redirects here. For Rajendra Chola II, see Rajendra Chola II.
http://wn.com/Rajendra_Chola_I -
Ram Khamhaeng
"Ram Khamhaeng", "Ramkhamhaeng" or "Ram Kham Haeng" may refer to:
http://wn.com/Ram_Khamhaeng -
Rhodri the Great
Rhodri the Great (in Welsh, Rhodri Mawr; occasionally in English, Roderick the Great) (c. 820 – 878) was King of Gwynedd from 844 until his death. He was the first Welsh ruler to be called 'Great', and the first to rule most of present-day Wales. He is referred to as "King of the Britons" by the Annals of Ulster. In some later histories, he is referred to as "King of Wales" but he did not rule all of Wales nor was this term used contemporaneously to describe him.
http://wn.com/Rhodri_the_Great -
Roman emperor
http://wn.com/Roman_emperor -
Roman the Great
Roman Mstislavich (Russian and Ukrainian: Роман Мстиславич), also Roman Mstyslavych or Roman the Great, (after 1160 – Zawichost, October 14, 1205) was a Rus’ prince (a member of the Rurik dynasty).
http://wn.com/Roman_the_Great -
Saladin
Ṣalāḥ ad-Dīn Yūsuf ibn Ayyūb (Kurdish: سهلاحهدین ئهیوبی, Selah'edînê Eyubî, , Ṣalāḥ al-Dīn Yūsuf ibn Ayyūb) (c. 1138 – March 4, 1193), better known in the Western world as Saladin, was a KurdishA number of contemporary sources make note of this. The biographer Ibn Khallikan writes, "Historians agree in stating that [Saladin's] father and family belonged to Duwin [Dvin]....They were Kurds and belonged to the Rawādiya (sic), which is a branch of the great tribe al-Hadāniya": Minorsky (1953), p. 124. The medieval historian Ibn Athir relates a passage from another commander: "...both you and Saladin are Kurds and you will not let power pass into the hands of the Turks": Minorsky (1953), p. 138. Muslim, who became the first Ayyubid Sultan of Egypt and Syria. He led Islamic opposition to the Franks and other European Crusaders in the Levant. At the height of his power, he ruled over Egypt, Syria, Mesopotamia, Hejaz, and Yemen. He led the Muslims against the Crusaders and eventually recaptured Palestine from the Crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem after his victory in the Battle of Hattin. As such, he is a notable figure in Kurdish, Arab, and Muslim culture. Saladin was a strict adherent of Sunni Islam and a disciple of the Qadiri Sufi order. His chivalrous behavior was noted by Christian chroniclers, especially in the accounts of the siege of Kerak in Moab, and despite being the nemesis of the Crusaders he won the respect of many of them, including Richard the Lionheart; rather than becoming a hated figure in Europe, he became a celebrated example of the principles of chivalry.
http://wn.com/Saladin -
Samudragupta
Samudragupta the Great, ruler of the Gupta Empire (c.AD 335 – 375), and successor to Chandragupta I, is considered to be one of the greatest military geniuses in Indian history according to Historian V.A Smith. His name is taken to be a title acquired by his conquests (Samudra referring to the 'oceans'). Samudragupta the Great is believed to have been his father's chosen successor even though he had several older brothers. Therefore, some believe that after the death of Chandragupta I, there was a struggle for succession in which Samudragupta prevailed.
http://wn.com/Samudragupta -
Shapur II
Shapur II the Great was the ninth King of the Persian Sassanid Empire from 309 to 379. During his long reign, the Sassanid Empire saw its first golden era since the reign of Shapur I (241–272).
http://wn.com/Shapur_II -
Simeon I of Bulgaria
Simeon (also Symeon) I the Great (, transliterated Simeon I Veliki ) ruled over Bulgaria from 893 to 927, during the First Bulgarian Empire. Simeon's successful campaigns against the Byzantines, Magyars and Serbs led Bulgaria to its greatest territorial expansion ever, making it the most powerful state in contemporary Eastern Europe. His reign was also a period of unmatched cultural prosperity and enlightenment later deemed the Golden Age of Bulgarian culture.
http://wn.com/Simeon_I_of_Bulgaria -
Taksin
Taksin (Royal Institute: Somdet Phra Chao Taksin Maharat; or The King of the Thonburi Kingdom; ;; Teochew: Dênchao; Vietnamese: Trịnh Quốc Anh) ; (April 17, 1734 – April 7, 1782) was the only King of the Thonburi Kingdom. He is greatly revered by the Thai people for his leadership in liberating Siam from Burmese occupation after the Second Fall of Ayutthaya in 1767, and the subsequent unification of Siam after it fell under various warlords. He established the city Thonburi as the new capital, as the city Ayutthaya had been almost completely destroyed by the invaders. His reign was characterized by numerous wars, fought to repel new Burmese invasions and to subjugate the northern Thai kingdom of Lanna, the Laotian principalities, and a threatening Cambodia. He was succeeded by the Chakri dynasty and the Rattanakosin Kingdom under his long time friend King Buddha Yodfa Chulaloke.
http://wn.com/Taksin -
Tamar of Georgia
Tamar (, also transliterated as T'amar, Thamar or TamariThe name Tamar is of Hebrew origin and, like other biblical names, was favored by the Georgian Bagrationi dynasty because of their claim to be descended from David, the second king of Israel. Toumanoff (1940), p. 299, fn. 4.As of May 2008, Tamar was the second most popular – after Nino – female name in Georgia. Civil Registry of Georgia (2008-05-14), [http://www.cra.gov.ge/index.php?m=&newsid;=433⟨=geo ქალთა სახელებს შორის თამარი პოპულარობით მეორე ადგილზეა] ("Tamar is the second most popular female name"). Retrieved on 2008-07-05.) (c. 1160 – 18 January 1213), of the Bagrationi dynasty, was Queen Regnant of Georgia from 1184 to 1213. (Although she was a woman, she is always mentioned in Georgian history as a King Tamar) The first woman to rule Georgia in her own right, Tamar presided over the "Golden age" of the medieval Georgian monarchy.
http://wn.com/Tamar_of_Georgia -
Theodoric the Great
Flavius Theodericus, also known as Theodoric the Great (; ; , (''Theυ'ðerichos'', ); ; ; ), 454 – 30 August 526, was king of the Ostrogoths (471 – 526), ruler of Italy (493 – 526), regent of the Visigoths (511 – 526), and a viceroy of the Eastern Roman Empire. His Gothic name "Þiuda reiks" translates into "people's king". He became a hero of Germanic legend.
http://wn.com/Theodoric_the_Great -
Theodosius I
Flavius Theodosius (11 January 347 – 17 January 395), commonly known as Theodosius I or Theodosius the Great, was Roman Emperor from 378 to 395. Theodosius was the last emperor to rule over both the eastern and the western halves of the Roman Empire. During his reign, the Goths secured control of Illyricum after the Gothic War - establishing their homeland south of the Danube within the empire's borders. He is known for making Nicene Christianity the official state religion of the Roman Empire, issuing decrees that effectively worked towards melding the Roman state and the Christian Church into a single de facto church-state entity.
http://wn.com/Theodosius_I -
Timur
Timur (from the Perso-Arabic form ', ultimately from Chagatai (Middle Turkic) ' "iron"; 8 April 1336 – 18 February 1405), normally known as Tamerlane (from ) in English, was a fourteenth-century conqueror of Western, South and Central Asia, founder of the Timurid Empire and Timurid dynasty (1370–1405) in Central Asia, and great great grandfather of Babur, the founder of the Mughal Dynasty, which survived until 1857 as the Mughal Empire in India.
http://wn.com/Timur -
Umar
Umar (, c. 586–590 CE 7 November 644), also known as Omar, was the Prophet Muhammad's father-in-law, one of his companions and the second Muslim ruler after Muhammad's death for 10 years.
http://wn.com/Umar -
Valentinian I
Flavius Valentinianus (321 – 17 November 375), commonly known as Valentinian I or Valentinian the Great, was Roman Emperor from 364 to 375. He was the last emperor to have de facto control of the entire empire. Upon becoming emperor he made his brother Valens his co-emperor, giving him rule of the eastern provinces while Valentinian retained the west. During his reign, Valentinian fought successfully against the Alamanni, Quadi, and Sarmatians. Most notable was his victory over the Alamanni in 367 at the Battle of Solicinium. His brilliant general Count Theodosius defeated a revolt in Africa and the Great Conspiracy, a coordinated assault on Britain by Picts, Scots, and Saxons. Valentinian was also the last emperor to conduct campaigns across the Rhine and Danube rivers. He rebuilt and improved the fortifications along the frontiers – even building fortresses in enemy territory. Due to the successful nature of his reign and almost immediate decline of the empire after his death, he is often considered the "last great western emperor". He founded the Valentinian Dynasty, with his sons Gratian and Valentinian II succeeding him in the western half of the empire.
http://wn.com/Valentinian_I -
Visigoths
The Visigoths () were one of two main branches of the Goths, an East Germanic tribe; the Ostrogoths being the other. Together these tribes were among the barbarians who disturbed the late Roman Empire during the Migration Period. The romanized Visigoths first emerged as a distinct people during the 4th century, initially in the Balkans, where they participated in several wars with Rome. A Visigothic army under Alaric I eventually moved into Italy and famously sacked Rome in 410.
http://wn.com/Visigoths -
Vladimir I of Kiev
Vladimir Sviatoslavich the Great, also sometimes spelled Volodymer Old East Slavic: Володимѣръ Свѧтославичь (c. 958 near Pskov – 15 July 1015, Berestovo) was the grand prince of Kiev who converted to Christianity in 988, and proceeded to baptise all of Kievan Rus'. His name is spelt variously: in modern Ukrainian, for example, as Volodymyr (Володимир); in Old Church Slavonic and modern Russian, as Vladimir (Владимир); in Old Norse as Valdamarr; and, in modern Scandinavian languages, "Valdemar".
http://wn.com/Vladimir_I_of_Kiev -
Wessex
The Kingdom of Wessex () or Kingdom of the West Saxons () was an Anglo-Saxon kingdom of the West Saxons, in South West England, from the 6th century, until the emergence of a united English state in the 10th century, under the Wessex dynasty. It was to be an earldom after Canute the Great's conquest of 1016, from 1020 to 1066. After the Norman Conquest there was a dissolution of the English earldoms, and Wessex was split among the followers of William the Conqueror.
http://wn.com/Wessex -
Wilhelm II
http://wn.com/Wilhelm_II -
William of Maleval
William of Maleval (or William the Great) (died 10 February 1157) was the founder of the Catholic congregation of Williamites, a branch of the Hermits of St. Augustine. He was beatified in 1202.
http://wn.com/William_of_Maleval -
Xerxes I
http://wn.com/Xerxes_I
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KroniK WWF Debut (September,10,2001)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:38
- Published: 25 Nov 2009
- Updated: 14 Jun 2012
September,10,2001. Raw Is War
http://wn.com/KroniK_WWF_Debut_September,10,2001
Kronik vs 3 Count 9/6/00
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:27
- Published: 29 Apr 2010
- Updated: 15 Jun 2012
Thunder
http://wn.com/Kronik_vs_3_Count_9_6_00
KroniK-NAH GO SI WI FAIL.mp4
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:11
- Published: 18 Feb 2011
- Updated: 09 Jun 2012
Music Video for the Anthem for Jamaica's Under 17 World Cup Footbal Team "Nah Goh Si Wi Fail" performed by KroniK check www.kronikmuzik.blogspot.com
http://wn.com/KroniK-NAH_GO_SI_WI_FAILmp4
Kronik's REAL theme
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:11
- Published: 20 Apr 2009
- Updated: 16 Jun 2012
This is the real theme of Kronik, used in both WCW and WWF/WWE. There is a common misconception that Kronik used Static-X's "Love Dump", or even an instrumental version of it. That is incorrect. WCW was known for remaking popular songs without the lyrics, to avoid copyright issues (TNA does this a lot as well, and WWE has also done it from time-to-time). Kronik's situation is no different. This version also features the proper "Kronik" intro with the echo on the voice. The Static-X version that has been spread over the internet for the past 8 years or so cuts off suddenly and doesn't sound authentic. The intro on this version was taken from an event and then followed by the CD quality instrumental remake that Kronik used in both companies. It was later used as Steven Richards' theme in WWE from 2001-2002, of course without the intro. I made this myself, and also included a mini-tron. Enjoy!
http://wn.com/Kronik's_REAL_theme
Kronik vs Sarge & Goldberg (WCW Nitro 1/08/01)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 7:54
- Published: 03 May 2008
- Updated: 06 Jun 2012
Kronik vs Sarge & Goldberg
http://wn.com/Kronik_vs_Sarge_Goldberg_WCW_Nitro_1_08_01
The Brothers of Destruction vs KroniK at Unforgiven 2001
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 14:01
- Published: 15 Apr 2011
- Updated: 01 Jul 2012
''All WWE programming, talent names, images, likenesses, slogans, wrestling moves, trademarks, logos and copyrights are the exclusive property of World Wrestling Entertainment, Inc. and its subsidiaries. All other trademarks, logos and copyrights are the property of their respective owners. © 2011 World Wrestling Entertainment, Inc. All Rights Reserved."
http://wn.com/The_Brothers_of_Destruction_vs_KroniK_at_Unforgiven_2001
Kronic - projecto inoxidavel
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:28
- Published: 08 Oct 2006
- Updated: 03 Jun 2012
video do album do dj kronik
http://wn.com/Kronic_projecto_inoxidavel
Booker T, Sting & KroniK vs. The Great Muta, Vampiro, The Demon & Jeff Jarrett - 8/2/00
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 10:58
- Published: 15 Jun 2009
- Updated: 25 Jun 2012
Booker T, Sting & KroniK vs. The Great Muta, Vampiro, The Demon & Jeff Jarrett - 8/2/00
http://wn.com/Booker_T,_Sting_KroniK_vs_The_Great_Muta,_Vampiro,_The_Demon_Jeff_Jarrett_8_2_00
Sådan skriver du en kronik
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 8:54
- Published: 19 Oct 2011
- Updated: 06 Jun 2012
Videoen gennemgår trin-for-trin hvordan du skriver en kronik i dansk på STX. Hent en uddybende trin-for-trin vejledning med eksempler til kronik i Studienet.dk's vejledning her: www.studienet.dk Denne vejledning uddyber videoens indhold med flere forklaringer, illustrerede eksempler og tips og tricks til skrivearbejdet og kan medtages til eksamen. Du bliver her ført igennem fra start til slut.
http://wn.com/Sådan_skriver_du_en_kronik
Lagunitas Brewery - Censored Ale - the Copper Ale formerly know as The Kronik
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:57
- Published: 18 Aug 2010
- Updated: 08 May 2012
We headed to Northern California to talk to Ron Lindenbusch about all things awesome. He ended up telling us the story of how they named a copper ale the Kronik Ale, but that didn't work out too well, so they came back the next year, and named it simply Censored. Hilarious.
http://wn.com/Lagunitas_Brewery_Censored_Ale_the_Copper_Ale_formerly_know_as_The_Kronik
The Filthy Animals vs. KroniK - 7/19/00
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:28
- Published: 13 Jun 2009
- Updated: 31 Mar 2012
The Filthy Animals vs. KroniK - 7/19/00
http://wn.com/The_Filthy_Animals_vs_KroniK_7_19_00
Bryan Clark of Kronik aka Adam Bomb & Wrath IYH Wrestling Shoot Interview
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 61:44
- Published: 23 Apr 2011
- Updated: 20 Jun 2012
Interview with Bryan Clark from www.inyourheadonline.com For many more interviews, in higher quality, and live shows every Wednesday please visit www.inyourheadonline.com Original air date September 18, 2008 Listen to higher quality audio, and live every Wednesday 8PM EST: www.inyourheadonline.com Podcast inyourheadwrestling.podomatic.com Join the message board: inyourheadboard.proboards.com Subscribe in iTunes: itunes.apple.com
http://wn.com/Bryan_Clark_of_Kronik_aka_Adam_Bomb_Wrath_IYH_Wrestling_Shoot_Interview
Warrior Kronik Hockey Stick 2008 Review
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:32
- Published: 23 Dec 2008
- Updated: 20 May 2012
www.hockeyus.com Molded using Warrior's proprietary True-1 molding system Made from only the finest handpicked ingredients, the Kronik is the ultimate package of precision and power The Spyne blade design has been integrated into the shaft kickpoint design, giving you maximum feel and response instantaneously at your fingertips Nipple Grip coating 3 Skin impact protection Hi Density blade core Uber low kickpoint
http://wn.com/Warrior_Kronik_Hockey_Stick_2008_Review
Keiji Mutoh & Goldberg vs Kronik 1/2
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 10:55
- Published: 18 Feb 2009
- Updated: 30 Jun 2012
Japan Pro Wrestling 1/19/03
http://wn.com/Keiji_Mutoh_Goldberg_vs_Kronik_1_2
Twiztid's Kaos and Kronik Tour with Kottonmouth Kings
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 7:25
- Published: 09 Mar 2012
- Updated: 30 Jun 2012
World of Outlaws Kronik Energy Sprint Car, In Car Camera
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 8:07
- Published: 14 Jan 2011
- Updated: 29 Jun 2012
Ben Gregg 2010 Rookie of the Year driving the Kronik Energy Sprint Car, In Car Camera during the night race at the 2010 season finale at The Dirt Track at Charlotte Motor Speedway
http://wn.com/World_of_Outlaws_Kronik_Energy_Sprint_Car,_In_Car_Camera
Warrior Kronik Hockey Stick
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:00
- Published: 02 Sep 2009
- Updated: 22 May 2012
Available at inline/ice warehouse.
http://wn.com/Warrior_Kronik_Hockey_Stick
HYPE KRONIK-DUTTY WEEKEND (BBC 1XTRA RIP)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:22
- Published: 30 Nov 2011
- Updated: 04 May 2012
LEAVE A COMMENT ABOUT WHAT YOU GET UP TO ON YOUR 'DUTTY WEEKEND! @HYPE141KRONIK @FTUNIVERSE
http://wn.com/HYPE_KRONIK-DUTTY_WEEKEND_BBC_1XTRA_RIP
Kronik Original WWF Debut (September, 6, 2001)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:12
- Published: 03 Nov 2010
- Updated: 25 Jun 2012
Smackdown
http://wn.com/Kronik_Original_WWF_Debut_September,_6,_2001
Kronik - Filthy Dubstep
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:45
- Published: 19 May 2010
- Updated: 01 Jun 2012
Produced in FL studio 9.9. first try at making dubstep, please rate, give me some pointers on where to go next or tips on what i can do to edit this track. Subscribe if you like it and if i get a few subscriptions i'll continue 'trying' to make dubstep.
http://wn.com/Kronik_Filthy_Dubstep
![My Little Pony: Z kronik Znaczkowej Ligi [PL]](http://web.archive.org./web/20120702030855im_/http://i.ytimg.com/vi/ZyWsAnBlpSM/0.jpg "My Little Pony: Z kronik Znaczkowej Ligi [PL]")
My Little Pony: Z kronik Znaczkowej Ligi [PL]
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 21:05
- Published: 20 Feb 2012
- Updated: 22 Jun 2012
[S01E23 #23] English title: My Little Pony - The Cutie Mark Chronicles Copyright: Sarah Wall & MiniMini
http://wn.com/My_Little_Pony_Z_kronik_Znaczkowej_Ligi_PL_
Modern Warfare 2, 3D KRoNiK smoke it up.
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 6:09
- Published: 20 Apr 2010
- Updated: 29 Jun 2012
i named it 3d cronic because the new 3d tvs are coming out and i hav'nt heard anyone coin the phrase. 3d cronic because people like to get high and go for a nice ride on there smoke so, i suggested hey, why not myself call it first. you heard here first the 3d cronic to go with your gaming experince. enjoy. plus its 420 today. and people like that shit. haha. enjoy. entertainment purpose only. so, stop crying pussy haters.
http://wn.com/Modern_Warfare_2,_3D_KRoNiK_smoke_it_up
Aldo (Los Aldeanos) - Kronik
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:58
- Published: 13 Nov 2008
- Updated: 24 Jun 2012
Canción del nuevo disco de Aldo. Este disco está muy bueno, me gustan todas. Mucho nivel.
http://wn.com/Aldo_Los_Aldeanos_Kronik
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Kronik may refer to:
- KroniK, an American professional wrestling tag team
- Kronik (album), 1998 album by Voivod
- Kronik, a line of Warrior ice hockey sticks
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There are many people in history who are commonly appended with the phrase "the Great", or who were called that or an equivalent phrase in their own language. Other languages have their own suffixes such as e Bozorg and e azam in Persian and Urdu respectively.
In Persia, the title "the Great" at first seems to be a colloquial version of the Old Persian title "Great King". This title was first used by the conqueror Cyrus II of Persia.[1]
The Persian title was inherited by Alexander III of Macedon (336–323 BC) when he conquered the Persian Empire, and the epithet "Great" eventually became personally associated with him. The first reference (in a comedy by Plautus)[2] assumes that everyone knew who "Alexander the Great" was; however, there is no earlier evidence that Alexander III of Macedon was called "the Great".
The early Seleucid kings, who succeeded Alexander in Persia, used "Great King" in local documents, but the title was most notably used for Antiochus the Great (223–187 BC).
Later rulers and commanders began to use the epithet "the Great" as a personal name, like the Roman general Pompey. Others received the surname retrospectively, like the Carthaginian Hanno and the Indian emperor Ashoka the Great. Once the surname gained currency, it was also used as an honorific surname for people without political careers, like the philosopher Albert the Great.
As there are no objective criteria for "greatness", the persistence of later generations in using the designation greatly varies. For example, Louis XIV of France was often referred to as "The Great" in his lifetime but is rarely called such nowadays, while Frederick II of Prussia is still called "The Great". A later Hohenzollern - Wilhelm I - was often called "The Great" in the time of his grandson Wilhelm II, but rarely later.
Contents |
Rulers[link]
- Abbas I of Persia (1571–1629), Shah of Iran
- Akbar (1542–1605), ruler of the Mughal Empire of South Asia, mainly India
- Alain I of Albret (1440–1522), French aristocrat
- Alexander the Great (356-323 BC), King of Macedonia, Persia, Greece, Egypt, and all of Mesopotamia
- Alexander I of Georgia (1386–1446), King of Georgia
- Alfonso III of León (c. 848-910), King of León, Galicia and Asturias
- Alfred the Great (848/849-899), King of Wessex
- Antiochus III the Great (c. 241–187 BC), ruler of the Seleucid Empire
- Ashoka the Great (c. 304–232 BC), Indian emperor of the Maurya dynasty
- Ashot I of Iberia “the Great”(died 826/830), presiding prince of Iberia (modern Georgia),
- Askia Mohammad I (c. 1442–1538), ruler of the Songhai Empire
- Bhumibol Adulyadej (born 1927), King of Thailand
- Bolesław I Chrobry (967-1025), sometimes called "the Great", first King of Poland
- Bruno the Great (925–965), Archbishop of Cologne and Duke of Lotharingia (also listed in the following section)
- Buddha Yodfa Chulaloke (1736–1809), founder and ruler of the Rattanakosin Kingdom (in what is now Thailand)
- Cnut the Great (c. 985 or 995-1035), King of Denmark, England, Norway and parts of Sweden
- Casimir III the Great (1310–1370), King of Poland
- Catherine the Great (1729–1796), Empress of Russia
- Chandragupta II (reigned 375-413/415), also known as Vikramaditya, ruler of the Gupta empire in India
- Charlemagne (died 814), King of the Franks and Emperor of the Romans
- Chulalongkorn (1853–1910), King of Siam (now Thailand)
- Chlothar II (584-629), King of Neustria and King of the Franks
- Conrad, Margrave of Meissen (c. 1097-1157), Margrave of Meissen
- Constantine I (c. 272-337), Roman emperor
- Cyaxares the Great (c. 625-585 BC), third king of Media
- Cyrus the Great (c. 600 BC or 576 BC–530 BC), founder and ruler of the Persian or Achaemenid Empire
- Darius the Great (550 – 486 BC), third ruler of the Persian Empire
- Devapala (died 850), ruler of the Pala Empire in the Indian subcontinent
- Dionysius I, Greek tyrant of Syracuse[3]
- Ferdinand I of León and Castile (c. 1015–1065), King of León and Count of Castile
- Frederick the Great (1712–1786), King of Prussia
- Genghis Khan (1162?-1227), founder and Great Khan of the Mongol Empire
- Gero (c. 900–965), ruler of Marca Geronis, a very large march in Europe
- Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden (1594–1632), King of Sweden, founder of the Swedish Empire, and noted military leader
- Gwanggaeto the Great, King of Goguryeo, one of the Three Kingdoms of Korea[4][5]
- Hanno the Great, the name of three leaders of Carthage, in the 4th, 3rd, and 2nd centuries BC
- Henry I, Duke of Burgundy (946–1002)
- Henry IV of France (1553–1610), King of France and King of Navarre
- Herod the Great (73/74 BC-4 BC), King of Judea
- Hugh the Great (898-956), Duke of the Franks and Count of Paris
- Hugh Magnus of France (1007–1025), co-King of France
- Hugh I, Count of Vermandois (1057–1101)
- Humphrey I de Bohun (died c. 1123), Anglo-Norman aristocrat
- Ivan III of Russia (1440–1505), Tsar of Russia
- John I of Portugal (1358–1433), King of Portugal and the Algarve
- John II of Aragon (1398–1479), King of Aragon and, through his wife, King of Navarre
- Justinian I (483-565), Byzantine Emperor
- Kamehameha I (c. 1758-1819), first King of Hawai'i
- Kanishka (died c. 127), ruler of the Kushan Empire in Central Asia and parts of India
- Kvirike III of Kakheti (1010–1029), King of Kakheti in eastern Georgia
- Kublai Khan (1215–1294), Mongol ruler in the 13th century and Emperor of China; founder of the Yuan Dynasty
- Llywelyn the Great (c. 1172–1240), Prince of Gwynedd and de facto ruler of most of Wales
- Louis I of Hungary (1326–1382), King of Hungary, Croatia and Poland
- Mangrai the Great (1238–1317), Lanna, northern Thailand
- Emperor Meiji (1852–1912), Emperor of Japan
- Mircea I of Wallachia (1355–1418)
- Mithridates II of Parthia (died 88 BC), ruler of the Parthian Empire (in present day Iran)
- Mithridates VI of Pontus (134 BC–63 BC), ruler of Pontus and the Bosporan Kingdom
- Mstislav I of Kiev (1076–1132), Grand Prince of Kievan Rus
- Naresuan (1555–1605), King of Ayutthaya
- Narai (1633–1688), King of Ayutthaya (in what is now modern Thailand)
- Odo the Great (died c. 735), Duke of Aquitaine
- Otto I, Holy Roman Emperor (912-973)
- K'inich Janaab' Pakal (603-683), ruler of the Mayan city-state of Palenque
- Parakramabahu I of Polonnaruwa (1123–1186), King of Sri Lanka
- Peter Krešimir IV of Croatia (died 1075), King of Croatia
- Peter the Great (1672–1725), Tsar of Russia
- Peter III of Aragon (1239–1285), King of Aragon and King of Sicily
- Pompey (106 BC-48 BC), military and political leader of the late Roman Republic, rival of Julius Caesar
- Radama I (1793–1828), first king of greater Madagascar
- Raja Raja Chola I (c. 947-1014), Indian emperor of the Cholas.[6][7][8]
- Rajendra Chola I (reigned 1014–1044), Tamil King of India
- Ramesses II (reigned 1279 BC – 1213 BC), considered the greatest pharaoh of Ancient Egypt
- Ram Khamhaeng (around 1237 to 1247-1298), King of Sukhothai (in present day Thailand)
- Ramon Berenguer III, Count of Barcelona (1082–1131), also Count of Provence and various other counties
- Rhodri the Great (c. 820–878), King of Gwynedd (in present day Wales)
- Roman the Great (after 1160-1205), Grand Prince of Kiev
- Saladin (c. 1138-1193), Kurdish Sultan of Egypt and Syria, founder of the Ayyubid dynasty, and victor over the Crusaders
- Samudragupta (c. 335–375), ruler of the Gupta empire in the Indian subcontinent
- Sancho III of Navarre (c. 992-1035), King of Kingdom of Navarre
- Sargon of Akkad (died c. 2215 BC), ruler of the Akkadian Empire
- Sejong the Great (1397–1450), Korean king[9]
- Shapur II (309-379), king of the Sassanid Empire, Persia
- Simeon I of Bulgaria (864/865-927), ruler of the First Bulgarian Empire
- Stephen III of Moldavia (1433–1504), Prince of Moldavia (Romania)
- Stephen Uroš IV Dušan of Serbia (c. 1308-1355), King of Serbia and Emperor of the Serbs and Greeks
- Taksin (1734–1782), King of the Thonburi Kingdom (Thailand)
- Tamar (1160-1123), Queen of the Georgian Empire
- Timur (1336–1405), better known as Tamerlane, founder of the Timurid Dynasty
- Theobald II, Count of Champagne (1090–1151), Count of Blois and of Chartres as Theobald IV, Count of Champagne and of Brie
- Theodoric the Great (454-526), King of the Ostrogoths, regent of the Visigoths and a viceroy of the Byzantine Empire
- Theodosius I (347-395), Roman emperor
- Tigranes the Great (140-55 BC), Emperor of Armenia
- Tiridates III of Armenia (285-339), King of Armenia
- Umar (c. 586 to 590–644), second caliph of the Muslim Empire
- Valdemar I of Denmark (1131–1182), King of Denmark
- Valentinian I (364-375), Roman Emperor
- Vladimir I of Kiev (c. 958-1015), ruler of Kievan Rus
- Vytautas (c. 1350-1430), archduke of the Lithuanian Grand Duchy
- William I, Count of Burgundy (1020–1087), Count of Burgandy and Mâcon
- William V, Duke of Aquitaine (969-1030), also Count of Poitou
- Xerxes I (519-465 BC), King of Kings of the Achaemenid Empire (Persia)
- Yu the Great (c. 2200-2100 BC), legendary ruler in ancient China
Religious figures[link]
- Abraham the Great of Kashkar (ca. 492-586), monk and saint of the Assyrian Church of the East
- Abraham Kidunaia (died c. 366, hermit, priest, and Christian saint of Mesopotamia
- Albertus Magnus (1193/1206–1280), medieval German philosopher and theologian
- Anthony the Great (c. 251–356), early Christian saint of Egypt
- Babai the Great (c. 551–628), Assyrian church leader
- Basil of Caesarea (330-379), Greek bishop and theologian
- Bruno the Great (925–965), Archbishop of Cologne and Duke of Lotharingia (also listed in the previous section)
- Euthymius the Great (377-473), abbot and Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox saint
- Gertrude the Great (1256-c. 1302), German Benedictine, mystic, theologian and Roman Catholic saint
- Pope Gregory I (c. 540-604)
- Hiyya the Great, 3rd-century rabbi, Palestine
- Pope John Paul II (1920–2005)
- Pope Leo I (c. 391 or 400-461)
- Macarius of Egypt (c. 300-391), Egyptian hermit
- Pope Nicholas I (c. 800-867)
- Photius I of Constantinople (c. 810–c. 893), Eastern Orthodox saint and Patriarch of Constantinople
- William of Maleval (died 1157), founder of the Catholic congregation of Williamites
Other[link]
- Beli Mawr, a figure in medieval Welsh literature and genealogies
- Emmy the Great, folk singer
- Matteo Rosso the Great, Roman politician and father of Pope Nicholas III
- Prokop the Great, Hussite general in Bohemia
See also[link]
- Epithet
- List of monarchs by nickname
- List of nicknames of European Royalty and Nobility: G-I
- James, son of Zebedee, also known as James the Greater, one of the twelve apostles of Jesus
- Ajax (mythology), called Ajax the Greater
- Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi, whose common honorific "Mahatma" means "Great Soul"
Notes[link]
- ^ In a clay cylinder (online). The expression was used in a propagandistic context: the conqueror wants to show he is a normal Babylonian ruler. The first Persian ruler to use the title in an Iranian context was Darius I of Persia (Darius the Great), in the Behistun Inscription (online).
- ^ Plautus, Mostellaria 775.
- ^ History, Instituto Geografico De Agostini S.p.A., p. 479
- ^ World and Its Peoples:Korea. Marshall Cavendish Corporation. September 2008. p. 887. ISBN 0-7614-7631-8.
- ^ Alison Behnke (2004). North Korea in Pictures. Twenty-First Century Books. p. 70. ISBN 0-8225-1908-9. http://books.google.com/?id=ovWvhyLc6hAC&pg=RA1-PA70&dq=%22Gwanggaeto+the+Great%22.
- ^ Sarkar, Benoy Kumar (December 1919). "An English History of India". Political Science Quarterly 34 (4): 644–653. DOI:10.2307/2142032. JSTOR 2142032. ""The finances of the state were not more centralized under Louis XIV than under Rajaraja the Great.""
- ^ "Heaven sent: Michael Wood explores the art of the Chola dynasty". Royal Academy, UK. http://www.royalacademy.org.uk/ra-magazine/winter2006/features/heven-sent,47,RAMA.html. Retrieved 2007-04-26.
- ^ "The Chola Dynasty: Accession of Rajaraja, the Great". Sify.com. http://sify.com/itihaas/fullstory.php?id=13219885. Retrieved 2007-04-26.
- ^ Christoph Bluth; Gareth Schott (2007). Korea. Polity. p. 10. ISBN 0-7456-3356-0.
http://wn.com/List_of_people_known_as_The_Great
For the former Assistant Secretary of Energy for Fossil Energy, see Jeffrey D. Jarrett.
| Jeff Jarrett | |
|---|---|
 Jarrett arriving at Lockdown on April 15, 2007 |
|
| Ring name(s) | Jeff Jarrett Double J |
| Billed height | 6 ft 1 in (1.85 m)[1] |
| Billed weight | 235 lb (107 kg)[1] |
| Born | (1967-04-14) April 14, 1967 (age 45)[2] Hendersonville, Tennessee[1] |
| Resides | Hendersonville, Tennessee |
| Billed from | Nashville, Tennessee |
| Trained by | Jerry Jarrett[2] Tojo Yamamoto Buddy Landel[2] |
| Debut | April 1986[2] |
Jeffrey Leonard Jarrett (born April 14, 1967) is an American professional wrestler and wrestling promoter. He is currently signed to Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (TNA), an organization he co-founded along with his father, Jerry. He is currently heading TNA's off-shoot promotion Ring Ka King in India. He is well-known from his multiple runs in World Championship Wrestling (WCW) and World Wrestling Federation (WWF) during the 1990s.
A third-generation wrestler, Jarrett has held seventy championships in various promotions throughout his career. Within TNA, he is currently recognized as an eleven-time world champion, having been a six-time NWA World Heavyweight Champion, four-time WCW World Heavyweight Champion, and one-time AAA World Heavyweight Champion. He has also accumulated five additional world title reigns, being a three-time USWA Unified World Heavyweight Champion and two-time WWA World Heavyweight Champion. He achieved notable championship success in the World Wrestling Federation (WWF), becoming a six-time Intercontinental Champion (a record from 1999–2004), and one of three men to hold both the Intercontinental and European Championships simultaneously. While he never captured the WWF Championship, Jarrett challenged for the title and is recognized by the promotion as a four-time world champion, given his four reigns with the WCW World Heavyweight Championship, which is now a WWE (formerly WWF) trademark.[3] He is the first wrestler to be a two-time King of the Mountain, and also won Mexican promotion Asistencia Asesoría y Administración's (AAA) Rey de Reyes tournament in 2004. Between the WWF, WCW, and TNA, Jarrett has held twenty-two total championships as well as other numerous regional titles.
Professional wrestling career[link]
Born in Hendersonville, Tennessee, Jarrett became involved with basketball when he was in high school, but, he worked for his father Jerry Jarrett's Continental Wrestling Association (CWA) as a referee in March 1986 and trained as a wrestler under his father and Tojo Yamamoto. Jeff Jarrett made his in-ring debut at the age of 18 in April 1986 when jobber Tony Falk attempted to end his lengthy losing streak by challenging Jarrett, then a referee, to a match. Jarrett accepted the challenge, wrestling Falk to a 10-minute draw. Jarrett is a 3rd-generation wrestler; his father wrestled, as did his maternal grandfather, Eddie Marlin, while his paternal grandmother, Christine, was employed by a wrestling promotion.[4][5][6] He also wrestled with the AWA promotion in the late 1980s.
In 1989, Jerry Jarrett purchased the Texas-based World Class Championship Wrestling promotion and merged it with the CWA to create the United States Wrestling Association (USWA). Over the following years, Jarrett won the USWA Southern Heavyweight Championship on 10 occasions and the USWA World Tag Team Championship on 15 occasions. Jarrett also wrestled on the independent circuit for 7 years, appearing in Japan and Puerto Rico. In 1993, he was hired by the World Wrestling Federation.[7]
World Wrestling Federation (1993–1996)[link]
Jarrett debuted in the World Wrestling Federation (WWF) in late 1993 under the gimmick of "Double J" Jeff Jarrett, a country music singer[8] who intended to elevate his singing career through his exposure as a wrestler. Jarrett's character would strut to the ring wearing flashing "Double J" hats and ring attire, and he punctuated his promos with the phrase "ain't I great?". He ended his interviews by distinctly spelling out his name ("That's J-E-Double-F, J-A-Double-R, E-Double-T!").[9]
Jarrett made his pay-per-view debut in January 1994 at the Royal Rumble. At SummerSlam, he pinned Mabel. At Survivor Series, Jarrett competed in a 10 man elimination tag match. In January 1995, Jarrett had a brief feud with Bret Hart, ultimately losing to Hart on the January 23 episode of Monday Night Raw. At the Royal Rumble in Tampa, Florida, Jarrett defeated Razor Ramon to win the WWF Intercontinental Championship. In an effort to become a dual champion, Jarrett challenged Diesel for the WWF Championship in the main event of the February 20 episode of Raw, but lost the match. Razor Ramon received a rematch at WrestleMania XI which Jarrett lost by disqualification, but retained the WWF Intercontinental Championship. Jarrett was then joined by The Roadie, with the duo losing to Razor Ramon in a handicap match at In Your House 1. On April 26, 1995, the WWF Intercontinental Championship was declared vacant after a controversial ending to a match between Jarrett and Bob Holly. They had a rematch later that evening where Jarrett reclaimed the title. On May 19, Razor Ramon regained the title from Jarrett in Montreal, Quebec, but Jarrett won it back two nights later in Trois-Rivières, Quebec, making him a three-time Intercontinental Champion.
At In Your House 2: The Lumberjacks on July 23, 1995, Jarrett and Sawyer Brown performed the song "With My Baby Tonight". Later that evening, Jarrett lost the WWF Intercontinental Championship to Shawn Michaels. Following the event, Jarrett left the WWF for 7 months and returned to the United States Wrestling Association. Jarrett returned to the WWF in late 1995, feuding with Ahmed Johnson. Jarrett lost to Johnson by disqualification at the 1996 Royal Rumble and left the WWF shortly thereafter due to a contract dispute. Later that year, The Roadie revealed that he had in fact sung "With My Baby Tonight" and that Jarrett had been lip synching.[9]
World Championship Wrestling (1996–1997)[link]
In October 1996, Jarrett was hired by World Championship Wrestling (WCW), signing a 1 year contract.[6] Upon debuting in WCW, Jarrett became a "free agent" in the rivalry between the Four Horsemen and the New World Order. After defeating Chris Benoit at Starrcade, Jarrett was inducted into the Four Horsemen. On June 9, 1997, Jarrett defeated Dean Malenko to win the WCW United States Heavyweight Championship.[9][10] In mid-1997, Jarrett left the Four Horsemen and began feuding with Horsemen member Steve "Mongo" McMichael. Despite aligning himself with McMichael's ex-wife, Debra McMichael, Jarrett lost the WCW United States Heavyweight Championship to McMichael on August 21. In October, Jarrett's contract expired and he opted to return to the WWF, despite the dominance of WCW in the ongoing Monday Night Wars.[5][6][9]
Return to WWF (1997–1999)[link]
Jarrett returned to the WWF on the October 20, 1997 episode of Raw, delivering a worked shoot speech in which he criticized both WCW President Eric Bischoff and WWF Chairman Vince McMahon. After briefly feuding with The Undertaker, Jarrett defeated Barry Windham to win the vacant NWA North American Heavyweight Championship. In early 1998, Jarrett joined forces with Jim Cornette and his stable of "invading" National Wrestling Alliance wrestlers, and began defending the NWA North American Heavyweight Championship on WWF television. In March, Jarrett left Cornette's stable, and Cornette stripped him of the title and awarded it to Windham.[6][9][11]
Jarrett went on to reprise his country music singer gimmick, introducing Tennessee Lee as his manager and the tag team Southern Justice (formerly known as The Godwinns) as his bodyguards. He redeveloped his habit of breaking an acoustic guitar over the heads of his opponents. At Unforgiven: In Your House, Jarrett once again sang alongside Sawyer Brown with their hit single, "Some Girls Do". In August, Jarrett abandoned his country singer gimmick and dismissed Lee. He and Southern Justice began feuding with D-Generation X, with Jarrett losing to D-X member X-Pac in a hair versus hair match at SummerSlam. Jarrett's long hair was subsequently cut short by D-X and Howard Finkel, who had himself been shaved bald by Jarrett and Southern Justice shortly before SummerSlam. Jarrett and Southern Justice were defeated by D-X at Breakdown in September, and the trio separated shortly thereafter.[9][11]
Jarrett briefly feuded with Al Snow before reuniting with Debra, who had left WCW for the WWF, and forming a tag team with Owen Hart. Hart and Jarrett were close friends and travel partners for years, so the team gelled almost immediately. Jarrett and Hart won the WWF World Tag Team Championship from Ken Shamrock and The Big Boss Man, successfully defending the titles at WrestleMania XV before losing to Kane and X-Pac on an episode of Raw. 8 days after Hart was killed in a stunt that went wrong at Over the Edge, Jarrett defeated The Godfather, who Owen was scheduled to face at the pay-per-view. As he was handed the title he yelled Hart's name in tribute to his friend. In mid-1999, Jarrett won and lost the WWF Intercontinental Championship on 2 more occasions.[9][11]
In the months that followed, Jarrett became increasingly abusive towards Debra. At SummerSlam, Jarrett challenged D'Lo Brown for both the WWF European and Intercontinental Championships, with Debra accompanying Brown to the ring following an argument with Jarrett. Brown lost the match after both Mark Henry and Debra turned on him, making Jarrett the second ever "Euro-Continental Champion". On the following episode of Raw, Jarrett rewarded Debra and Henry by giving Debra an assistant, Miss Kitty, and Henry the European Championship.[9][12] In late 1999, Jarrett began feuding with Chyna over the Intercontinental Championship.[13] In the course of the feud, Jarrett became somewhat misogynistic, attacking numerous females,[13] including both wrestlers and actress Cindy Margolis, and executing the figure four leglock on them. Jarrett eventually abandoned Debra in favor of Miss Kitty after he and Debra were defeated by Stephanie McMahon and Test in a mixed tag team match. He later also turned on Miss Kitty after she lost a match that Jarrett had inserted her into in his place.[9][11]
Jarrett left the WWF in October 1999, right after WWF head writer Vince Russo resigned from the WWF in order to join WCW.[14] Jarrett's contract expired on October 16, 1999, one day before his scheduled match with Chyna at No Mercy.[15] Jarrett wrestled at No Mercy nonetheless, losing the Intercontinental Championship to Chyna.[16] Chyna later alleged that Jarrett and Russo had colluded in order to delay Jarrett's title defense until after Jarrett's contract had expired, and that Jarrett had subsequently extorted WWF Chairman Vince McMahon for $300,000 in order to wrestle without a contract.[15]
In 2006, Jarrett asserted that he had been paid only what he was owed by the WWF.[9][17][18][19] In a 2008 interview for a TNA special, Jarrett stated that not only were his negotiations cordial and in good faith, but that he also got stock options in WWF's IPO, which occurred 2 days after he left.[20]
Return to WCW (1999–2001)[link]
Jarrett returned to WCW on the October 18, 1999 episode of WCW Monday Nitro, attacking Buff Bagwell and proclaiming himself the "Chosen One" of WCW. Jarrett took part in a tournament for the vacant WCW World Heavyweight Championship, winning his first three matches with the assistance of Creative Control. At Mayhem, he was eliminated from the tournament after losing his semi-final match to Chris Benoit following interference from Dustin Rhodes. At Starrcade, Jarrett defeated Rhodes in a bunkhouse brawl, then unsuccessfully challenged Benoit for the WCW United States Championship in a ladder match. On the following episode of Monday Nitro, Jarrett defeated Benoit in a rematch. In the same evening, Jarrett reformed the New World Order with WCW World Champion Bret Hart and the reigning WCW Tag Team Champions, Kevin Nash and Scott Hall, with the foursome calling themselves "nWo 2000".[9][11]
In early 2000, Jarrett feuded with WCW Commissioner Terry Funk, who forced him to wrestle three veterans - George Steele, Tito Santana, and Jimmy Snuka - in 1 night. Jarrett was stripped of the United States Championship after suffering a concussion during his bout with Snuka, but the title was returned to him by Nash after he became WCW Commissioner. In order to help him retain the title, Jarrett drafted the Harris Brothers (formerly Creative Control) into nWo 2000. In the following months, Jarrett repeatedly challenged Sid Vicious for the WCW World Heavyweight Championship, in the process clashing with Nash and winning the position of WCW Commissioner for himself. Following the retirement of Hart, the New World Order disbanded.[11]
In April, WCW was "rebooted" by Eric Bischoff and Vince Russo, with all titles vacated as a result. Bischoff and Russo also created the New Blood, a stable of younger wrestlers who feuded with the Millionaire's Club, made up of the older members of the WCW roster. Jarrett joined the New Blood, and at Spring Stampede on April 16, he defeated Millionaires Club member Diamond Dallas Page to win the vacant WCW World Heavyweight Championship. Page regained the title on April 24, and on April 25, the title was contested in a tag team match pitting Jarrett and Bischoff against Page and actor David Arquette. Arquette won the WCW World Heavyweight Championship after pinning Bischoff. Jarrett hit Page with the championship belt while special referee Kimberly Page's back was turned; WCW official Mickie Jay counted Bischoff out while Jarrett had Page pinned. At Slamboree on May 7, Jarrett defeated Page and Arquette in a three way triple cage match to win his 2nd WCW World Heavyweight Championship after Arquette turned on Page.[9][11]
In May, Jarrett won and lost the World Championship on 2 further occasions, regaining the title from Ric Flair both times. Jarrett feuded with Nash and Hulk Hogan throughout June 2000, and on July 9 at Bash at the Beach, he faced Hogan with the World Championship on the line. The match ended swiftly after Jarrett immediately laid down, allowing Hogan to rest a boot on his chest and win the title, with Hogan commenting, "That's why this company is in the damn shape it's in—because of bullshit like this." Vince Russo subsequently came to the ring and delivered a profanity-laced interview in which he accused Hogan of politicking and claimed that Hogan had used his creative control to refuse to lose to Jarrett. Russo then stated that, while Hogan was free to keep the title belt he had just won (the "Hulk Hogan Memorial Belt"), Jarrett would wrestle Booker T for the official WCW World Heavyweight Championship later that night. Booker T won the resultant match, and Hogan didn't appear in WCW again. It is disputed whether the situation was a shoot, a work, or some combination of the two.[9][11][21]
In the following months, Jarrett briefly feuded with Booker T, Mike Awesome, Sting, Buff Bagwell, and Flair. In late 2000, he joined forces with the Harris Brothers once more, with the trio defeating the Filthy Animals at Starrcade on December 17. In the same evening, Jarrett aligned himself with WCW World Champion Scott Steiner by helping Steiner defeat Sid Vicious. In 2001, Jarrett and Steiner became members of the Magnificent Seven, a large stable headed by Flair. Flair and Jarrett feuded with Dusty and Dustin Rhodes until March, when WCW was purchased by the WWF. Uninterested in Jarrett, the WWF neglected to acquire his contract, leaving him without a job. On the last Nitro, Jarrett was seen on a television set on RAW while Vince McMahon watched the show. McMahon saw Jarrett on the screen and announced Jarrett's real-life firing on-air, mocking his trademark taunt of distinctly spelling out his name by saying that he would now be known as "Capital G Double-O Double-N Double-E".[9][11]
World Wrestling All-Stars (2001–2003)[link]
In late 2001, Jarrett wrestled in World Wrestling All-Stars in Australia and Europe. Jarrett won the WWA World Heavyweight Championship, but was later stripped of the title. Jarrett returned to the WWA during his 1st NWA World Heavyweight Championship reign; he defeated Sting for the WWA World Heavyweight Championship at the last WWA event on May 25, 2003, unifying the two titles.
Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (2002–present)[link]
In June 2002, Jarrett and his father created a limited-liability company, J Sports and Entertainment and opened a new pro wrestling promotion, Total Nonstop Action Wrestling. TNA aired in a weekly pay-per-view format until May 2004, when the promotion negotiated a TV deal with Fox Sports Net and began broadcasting TNA Impact!. In November 2004, TNA began airing monthly pay-per-views instead of weekly pay-per-views, and in October 2005 Impact! moved to Spike TV. Panda Energy and its Chairman and CEO, Robert Carter, acquired a controlling interest in TNA in 2002, although Jarrett remained a minority owner.[22][23][24] Panda Energy and Carter would later acquire Jarrett's minority stake in the company in 2009, placing Carter as Owner and Chairman of TNA.[25]
NWA World Heavyweight Champion (2002–2006)[link]
On the inaugural TNA pay-per-view on June 19, 2002, Jarrett took part in a Gauntlet for the Gold with the NWA World Heavyweight Championship on the line, but was eliminated by country singer Toby Keith. In the following months, Jarrett feuded with Scott Hall, Brian Lawler, and Brian Gerard James. On November 20, 2002, Jarrett defeated Ron Killings to win the NWA World Championship with the assistance of Vince Russo. After Jarrett refused to join Russo's Sports Entertainment Xtreme stable, Russo turned the members of SEX, including the debuting Raven, against Jarrett. The rivalry continued until February 2003, when Russo lost interest in SEX. In the following months, Jarrett feuded with the remaining members of SEX, then began feuding with Raven and Raven's Nest, the group of wrestlers that Raven controlled. On June 11, 2003, Jarrett faced Raven and A.J. Styles in a 3-way match for the NWA World Championship. Styles pinned Jarrett to win the title after the returning Russo struck Jarrett with a guitar. Jarrett regained the title from Styles on October 22, 2003, turning heel. Jarrett was unable to escape Styles, losing the title back to him on April 21, 2004 in a steel cage after Russo - who had returned as the new TNA Director of Authority - chose Styles to replace the injured Chris Harris. Jarrett would get revenge on May 19, however, by hitting Styles with a guitar during a title match, which enabled Ron Killings to win the title. Jarrett then defeated Killings, Styles, Raven and Harris in a King of the Mountain match on June 2 to win his 3rd NWA World Championship.[11][26]
In early 2005, Jarrett formed a dominant stable known as Planet Jarrett with Monty Brown, Kip James, and, later, Rhino. Jarrett also uses the phrase "Planet Jarrett" to refer to TNA as a whole, reflecting his real-life stake in the company and his prominent role within the promotion. Despite his efforts to hold on to the title, however, he lost it back to long-time rival Styles on May 15, 2005.[26]
Jarrett won his 4th NWA World Heavyweight Championship on September 15, 2005, defeating Raven at a Border City Wrestling event. He lost the title to Rhino at Bound for Glory on October 23, but regained it on the November 3 episode of Impact!. Jarrett's reign lasted until Against All Odds on February 12, 2006, when he was defeated by Christian Cage.
In the following months, Jarrett feuded with Sting, who had declared that Jarrett was a "cancer" in TNA. In the course of the feud, Scott Steiner debuted in TNA as an ally of Jarrett.[27]
At Slammiversary on June 18, 2006 Jarrett won his 6th NWA World Championship in a King of the Mountain match when referee Earl Hebner tipped over a ladder that Christian Cage and Sting were simultaneously climbing. He retained the title in a bout with Sting at Hard Justice 2006 after Cage turned on Sting, hitting him with one of Jarrett's guitars. After a polygraph proved that Jarrett had cheated to win the NWA World Championship, Director of Authority Jim Cornette forced Jarrett to wrestle Samoa Joe in a "fan's revenge" lumberjack match at TNA No Surrender, with Joe winning the match. At the Bound for Glory pay-per-view on October 22, Sting defeated Jarrett for the NWA World Championship after Jarrett was forced to submit to Sting's signature finisher, the Scorpion Death Lock.
Hiatus, return and face turn (2007–2009)[link]
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On the following episode of Impact!, Jarrett announced in an interview that he was leaving TNA indefinitely. For the following 6 months, Jarrett did not appear on TNA television, instead focusing on his role as Vice President of TNA Entertainment. Jarrett, however, temporarily returned to TNA television on the April 12, 2007 episode of Impact!, and aligned himself with Samoa Joe, by helping him defeat A.J. Styles, turning face. On April 15, 2007 at Lockdown, Jarrett, making his in-ring return, and the rest of Team Angle defeated Team Cage in a Lethal Lockdown match. The following episode of Impact!, he delivered his first promo in months, stating it's not all about Jeff Jarrett and he returned to give back to the wrestlers and fans, officially completing his face turn. He then entered into a feud with Robert Roode, losing a match to him at Sacrifice. Jarrett was then scheduled to take on Styles with the winner to earn a spot in the King of the Mountain match but could not compete due to "personal issues". In 2008, Jarrett was featured in the promotion of TNA's "Maximum Impact!" tour of the UK.[28]
At Hard Justice 2008, Samoa Joe defeated Booker T using the Acoustic Equalizer, the trademark move of Jarrett, setting up for his return to in-ring action, as quoted by the website, "Obviously, we all know who used a guitar in the past!" referring indirectly to Jarrett. After numerous weeks of Jarrett's theme song playing and his guitar appearing on TNA programming, Jarrett returned to Impact! on September 11, 2008. At No Surrender, he would help Joe defeat Kurt Angle and Cage and assist Joe in retaining the TNA World Championship by hitting Angle with a guitar keeping him a face. The following Thursday, on Impact!, Jarrett cut his first promo since Slammiversary, claiming that the current respect angle that Sting was involved in was actually a matter of the veterans refusing to pass the torch to the young guys. Angle came out and challenged Jarrett to a match at Bound for Glory IV, but Jarrett refused, saying he had nothing left to prove, and instead pointed to the screen to reveal the debuting Mick Foley. On the next edition of IMPACT, Jarrett relented to verbal cheap shots taken by Angle regarding Jarrett's children and accepted the match at Bound for Glory. The feud got more personal due to Angle mentioning Jarrett's wife, which lead to Foley being named the Special Enforcer for their match. At Bound For Glory Jarrett returned to the ring after a 1 year and 5 month absence, and defeated Angle using his Acoustic Equalizer.
On the November 20, 2008 edition of Impact!, Kurt Angle threatened Mick Foley and wanted another match against Jarrett at Final Resolution after Foley announced that it was Angle vs. Rhino at the event. Angle continued to demand a match with Jarrett and he said if he couldn't get him at Final Resolution, he would wrestle Foley. Angle then slapped Foley causing Jarrett to come out and talk about what Angle wanted and then what Jarrett wanted (Angle to be fired). Because of Angle's contract clause, Jarrett could not fire him, so he made this stipulation: if Angle lost to Rhino, he would be fired from TNA; if Angle beat Rhino, he would get Jarrett at Genesis. Angle won, allowing him to face Jarrett at Genesis. The feud got even more personal when it started involving Jarrett's 3 daughters during the December 11, 2008 episode of IMPACT!. Angle said that they would become orphans after Genesis and that "Uncle Kurt" may find it in his heart to adopt them and make them his. Jarrett came out to confront him but was held back by his longtime friend, BG James, TNA Personnel Terry Taylor, referee Earl Hebner, and Scott D'Amore. On January 11 at Genesis, Jarrett lost to Angle. Jeff suffered some injuries, but able to compete on the TNA Maxium Impact Tour, by facing against Kurt Angle in 2 singles and a few tag team matches with AJ Styles against Kurt Angle and Scott Steiner. Then on February 12, 2009, Jeff Jarrett returned to Impact! to stop Angle from forcing Sting to lay down and gain an easy championship victory. The next week, Jarrett allowed Angle to have another match against Sting, and on February 26, 2009 Jarrett announced Angle vs. Sting at Destination X for the TNA World Championship. Jarrett would then enter a feud with Mick Foley who attacked him while shooting his DVD at the TNA Asylum. The 2 would meet in a 4 way match at TNA Sacrifice involving Kurt Angle and Sting with Jarrett putting his voting shares in TNA on the line, Angle putting his leadership of The Main Event Mafia, Sting putting his career, and Foley putting the TNA World title; Sting would go on to pin Angle for the victory and leadership of the mafia. Jarrett later pinned Eric Young in order to qualify for the King of the Mountain match, however Young attacked Jarrett after the match in storyline. The following week Jarrett called out Young and offered to turn the other cheek but instead Young provoked him by saying that he pays more attention to wrestling than his own daughters just like his father Jerry Jarrett which resulted in Jeff slapping Young and assaulting him. Jarrett also would accidentally punch referee Earl Hebner while Hebner was trying to separate the 2. On the June 11 edition of Impact!, Mick Foley kayfabe fined and suspended Jarrett and threw him out of the arena as a punishment. The following week Foley threw a party for Jarrett and welcomed him back to TNA in order to have him on his side at Slammiversary. At Slammiversary, Jarrett refused to give Foley the belt in the King of the Mountain match, which was won by Kurt Angle after assistance from Samoa Joe. Shortly after Slammiversary, Jarrett once again disappeared from TNA programming. During his hiatus, it was reported that Jarrett had lost all of his backstage power in TNA and would return only as a wrestler.[29]
Feuding with Eric Bischoff and Sting (2009–2010)[link]
On the December 3 edition of Impact!, Jarrett made his first appearance in months via telephone, refusing to help Mick Foley regain control over TNA after Dixie Carter had announced that Hulk Hogan was coming to TNA.[30] On the December 10 edition of Impact!, Foley met with Jarrett, who agreed to return and help him deal with Carter and Hogan.[31] On January 4, 2010, Hogan made his debut, confronted Jarrett and claimed that he had to earn his spot in the company.[32] The following week Jarrett started showing signs of a heel turn as he threatened Hogan with legal action,[33] however, on the January 28 edition of Impact! he changed his mind and agreed to fight for his spot. In the main event of the show he came out to no entrance music or pyrotechnics and was defeated by Mr. Anderson after a low blow.[34] This started an angle of Hogan's business partner Eric Bischoff, acting on his own without Hogan, having Jarrett work humiliating jobs backstage at the Impact! Zone, such as flipping burgers and cleaning restrooms, while also booking him in unfavorable matches, such as surprise Falls Count Anywhere and handicap matches.[35][36][37] On the March 22 edition of Impact!, after Jarrett broke a guitar over Bischoff's head, Bischoff placed him and Mick Foley, another wrestler he had had problems with, against each other in a No Disqualification match, where the loser would get fired from the company. Jarrett managed to win the match, refereed by Beer Money, Inc., and with Foley fired from the company, Hogan ordered Bischoff to lay off of Jarrett.[38] The following week Hogan, prior to leaving on a business trip, apologized to Jarrett for Bischoff's behavior and gave him a chance to earn the number one contendership to the TNA World Heavyweight Championship in a match against the champion A.J. Styles. With Hogan out of the building, Bischoff and Styles' manager Ric Flair interfered in the match and cost Jarrett the number one contendership. Later in the evening Jarrett was announced as the second member of Abyss' Team Hogan in the annual Lethal Lockdown match, where they would meet Team Flair, led by Sting.[39] At Lockdown Team Hogan (Abyss, Jarrett, Rob Van Dam and Jeff Hardy) defeated Team Flair (Sting, Desmond Wolfe, Robert Roode and James Storm), when Bischoff turned face and helped Team Hogan pick up the victory, effectively ending his feud with Jarrett.[40] Just before Lockdown, Jarrett said that he was going to find out the answers to Sting's behavior, which led into a brawl on Impact! with Sting leaving a beaten Jarrett in the ring, which in turn led to their match at Sacrifice. At the pay-per-view Sting assaulted Jarrett prior to their match and then dragged him in to the ring, where he managed to score a pinfall in seconds over his bloodied opponent.[41] Jarrett was sidelined for a month before making his return at Slammiversary VIII, where he cost Sting his World Heavyweight Championship match against Rob Van Dam.[42] On the June 24 edition of Impact! Sting assaulted Jarrett to the point that TNA president Dixie Carter suspended him for 30 days without pay the following week.[43][44] During Sting's suspension Jarrett found a new enemy in Kevin Nash, who claimed that Jarrett himself, and not Sting, was what was wrong with TNA.[45] Sting returned from his suspension on the August 5 edition of Impact!, wearing a new red face paint, and, together with Nash, beat down Jarrett, Bischoff and Hogan.[46] On the August 26 edition of Impact! Jarrett attempted to recruit Samoa Joe to help him against Nash and Sting, but was turned down. Thus Jarrett was left alone for a match, where he was defeated by Nash, after an interference from Sting.[47] The following week Sting defeated Jarrett in a singles match, after an interference from Kevin Nash. After the match Samoa Joe joined Jarrett and drove Sting and Nash away.[48] At No Surrender Jarrett and Joe defeated Sting and Nash in a tag team match, after Jarrett hit Sting with his own baseball bat.[49]
Heel turn and feud with Kurt Angle (2010–2011)[link]
At Bound for Glory Jarrett and Joe faced Sting, Nash and their newest ally D'Angelo Dinero in a two on three handicap match, after Hulk Hogan, who was scheduled to team with Joe and Jarrett, Hogan was forced to pull out due to a back surgery. At the end of the match, Jarrett abandoned Joe and left Joe behind to be pinned by Nash, thus Jarrett turned heel for the first time since 2007. At the end of the event Jarrett aligned himself with Hulk Hogan, who ended up making a surprise appearance, Eric Bischoff, Abyss and the new TNA World Heavyweight Champion Jeff Hardy, all of whom made heel turns with the exception of the already heel Abyss, in the process revealing themselves as the "they" Abyss had referred to.[50] On the following edition of Impact! Jarrett explained that he had joined the stable, now known as Immortal, in order to get back at Dixie Carter for taking away his backstage power in TNA, while also wanting to end the career of Kurt Angle, who had proclaimed that he would retire from professional wrestling if he failed to win the TNA World Heavyweight Championship at Bound for Glory. Jarrett then attacked Angle, when he was being restrained by TNA's security officers.[51] The following week Samoa Joe attempted to avenge what had happened at Bound for Glory, but was restrained by the security officers, before being beat down by Jarrett.[52] At Turning Point Jarrett defeated Joe, after choking him out with a baton, following interference from Gunner and Murphy, his security officers.[53] On the following edition of Impact! Jarrett assaulted Joe, after he had defeated Gunner and Murphy in a handicap match, but was then chased away by the returning Kurt Angle.[54] At Final Resolution Jarrett faced Joe in a submission match. After a pre–match assault and later an interference by Gunner and Murphy, Jarrett managed to force Joe to submit with an ankle lock.[55] On the January 6, 2011, edition of Impact! Kurt Angle interrupted Jarrett's $100,000 mixed martial arts challenge and signed a contract to face him at Genesis in an MMA exhibition match, since he had promised not to wrestle again.[56] The match was thrown out in the third round after Jarrett blinded Angle. After the match Jarrett bloodied Angle, before announcing that he was ending his mixed martial arts career and promised that his current wife and Kurt's former wife, Karen Jarrett, would be joining the retirement party.[57] On the January 13 edition of Impact! Karen made her return and stopped Angle just as he was about to attack Jeff, telling him that she would not allow him to ruin their personal lives and promised to tell all about their divorce the following week.[58] The following week Karen slapped Kurt, providing a distraction which allowed Jeff to beat him down.[59] On February 13 at Against All Odds Jarrett defeated Angle in a singles match and as a result Angle was forced to walk Karen down the aisle, when she and Jarrett renewed their wedding vows on the March 3 edition of Impact!.[60] On March 3 Angle proceeded to destroy the wedding set with an axe and forced wedding guest, New York Jet Bart Scott to tap out with the ankle lock.[61] On April 17 at Lockdown, Jarrett defeated Angle in an "Ultra Male Rules" Two out of Three Falls steel cage match, with help from Karen.[62] It was later reported that Jarrett had severely bruised his ribs in the match.[63] On the May 12 edition of Impact!, Angle revealed a name from Jarrett's past, Chyna, as his backup in taking care of him and Karen.[64] At Sacrifice, Angle and Chyna defeated the Jarretts in a mixed tag team match.[65] With Karen out of the picture, Angle defeated Jarrett on June 12 at Slammiversary IX in what was billed as the "final battle" between the two.[66] However, on the following edition of Impact Wrestling, Jarrett challenged Angle to a Parking Lot Brawl and agreed to sign a contract that would force him to move to Mexico without Angle's children, which he lost the match. Angle ended up winning the fight after choking Jarrett with a shirt, forcing him to say "adiós", thus ending the long feud in the process.[67] The following week on Impact Wrestling, Bischoff forced Jarrett to obey the match stipulations and exiled him to Mexico.[68]
Mexican Heavyweight Champion (2011)[link]
Jarrett returned to TNA on the July 14 edition of Impact Wrestling, showing off the "Mexican Heavyweight Championship" belt, playing off the AAA World Heavyweight Championship, he had won during his stay in Mexico.[69] On the August 18 edition of Impact Wrestling, Jarrett aligned himself with the Mexican America stable by helping its members Anarquia and Hernandez defeat Beer Money, Inc. for the TNA World Tag Team Championship.[70] In October Jarrett began feuding with the returning Jeff Hardy.[71] On November 13 at Turning Point, Jarrett lost to Hardy three times in a row, first in six seconds, then in six minutes and finally in ten seconds.[72] On December 11 at Final Resolution, Jarrett was defeated by Hardy in a steel cage match.[73] As per stipulation of the match, Jarrett was, in storyline, fired from TNA on the following edition of Impact Wrestling.[74] In reality, he was written off television to oversee Ring Ka King, a new promotion based in India that is a subsidiary of TNA.[75]
Asistencia Asesoría y Administración (2004–2006, 2011–present)[link]
Jarrett made his debut for Mexican promotion Asistencia Asesoría y Administración (AAA) on March 21, 2004, defeating Latin Lover to win the 2004 Rey de Reyes tournament.[76] Over the next two years, Jarrett would make several sporadic appearances for AAA as a member of the heel stable La Legión Extranjera, before the working relationship between AAA and TNA was ended.
In February 2010, TNA restarted their working relationship with AAA and in early May 2011, Jarrett made his return to AAA television, announcing his and TNA's alignment with Dorian Roldán and his heel stable La Sociedad and their participation in TripleManía XIX.[77] Konnan, the co-leader of La Sociedad and former TNA worker, however, was against the idea of his former employer coming to AAA and believed that Roldán had made a mistake by inviting him to the promotion.[78] Jarrett and Abyss arrived to AAA on May 18 for a confrontation with Konnan and La Sociedad. In the end, Jarrett and Konnan revealed that they were in fact on the same page with each other and turned on AAA World Heavyweight Champion El Zorro with Konnan announcing that Jarrett would be challenging for his title at TripleManía XIX.[79][80]
On June 18 at TripleManía XIX, Jarrett defeated El Zorro to become the new AAA World Heavyweight Champion.[81] On July 31 at Verano de Escándalo, Jarrett successfully defended the title in a three-way elimination match against Dr. Wagner, Jr. and L.A. Park, when someone wearing El Zorro's old mask interfered and hit Park with a guitar.[82] This person was later revealed as La Sociedad member Chessman, whom Konnan had sent to interfere in the match in order to have Park go after El Zorro instead of continuing to chase his stablemate's title.[83] The storyline continued on October 9 at Héroes Inmortales, where both Jarrett and Park took part in the Copa Antonio Peña gauntlet match. After working together for the entire match, Park eventually turned on Jarrett and eliminated him. After a distraction from the Jarretts, Park was attacked by another masked El Zorro, costing him the match.[84] Jarrett returned to AAA on March 18, 2012, at Rey de Reyes, where he cost L.A. Park his opportunity to earn a shot at the AAA World Heavyweight Championship in the finals of the Rey de Reyes tournament. Later that same event, Jarrett lost the AAA World Heavyweight Championship to El Mesías, following interference from Park, ending his reign at 274 days, the longest reign in the title's history.[85]
Media[link]
TNA announced that on April 14, 2009 the first-ever Jeff Jarrett DVD release would be a four-disc set, including his best TNA matches and moments, a lengthy and candid interview on his life, career and TNA Wrestling, rare photos, and guest commentary, among others.
Personal life[link]
Jarrett was married to his "high school sweetheart" Jill on November 14, 1992, with whom he had three daughters, Joslyn, Jaclyn, and Jerlyn. His parents names are father, Jerry W. and mother Deborah. He also has two brothers, Jerry Jr. and Jason, and he has one sister, Jennifer.[86][87][88] Jill was diagnosed with breast cancer in the late 1990s, and died on May 23, 2007 at the age of 38 from cancer, exactly eight years after the death of his friend Owen Hart.[6][89][90][91]
In 2009, It was reported that Jeff Jarrett was romantically linked to Karen Angle.[92] This resulted in TNA president Dixie Carter placing Jeff Jarrett on leave of absence.[93][94][95][96] The situation was revealed in July 2009 when a caller known only as "James" claiming to be a TNA employee called in on Bubba the Love Sponge's radio show.[97][98] Dixie Carter commented on the situation on Impact, stating "a personal situation that affected the company and it put all of us in a very difficult position." She said Jeff was placed "on leave as both a talent and in his capacity with the company and I'd like to leave it at that." In December 2009, Jeff returned to TNA, using the real life situation briefly as a storyline. On April 6, 2010, Jeff and Karen announced their engagement;[99] they were married on August 21, 2010.[100]
In wrestling[link]
- Finishing moves
- Acoustic Equalizer / El Kabong (Guitar shot)[1][2]
- Figure-four leglock[10]
- Running DDT - 1993-1994
- The Stroke[1][2] (Forward Russian legsweep,[101][102] sometimes from the second rope)
- Signature moves
- Entrance themes
- "Good Ol' Boys" WCW (1996–1997)
- "Rockhouse" by Jimmy Hart and H.Helm WCW; as part of nWo 2000; 1999-early 2000)
- "My World" by Dale Oliver (TNA / AAA 2002–present)[115]
- "Immortal Theme" by Dale Oliver[116]
Championships and accomplishments[link]
- American Wrestling Association
- Rookie of the Year (1984)
- Continental Wrestling Association
- AWA Southern Tag Team Championship (4 times) – with Billy Travis (3) and Pat Tanaka (1)[117]
- CWA Heavyweight Championship (1 time)[118]
- CWA/AWA International Tag Team Championship (2 time) – with Pat Tanaka (1) and Paul Diamond (1)[119]
- NWA Mid-America Heavyweight Championship (5 times)[120]
- Pennsylvania Championship Wrestling
- PCW United States Championship (1 time)[122]
- Pro Wrestling Illustrated
- PWI Feud of the Year (1992)[123]with Jerry Lawler vs. the Moondogs
- PWI Most Inspirational Wrestler of the Year[124] (2007)
- PWI ranked him #5 of the top 500 singles wrestlers in the PWI 500 in 2000[125]
- PWI ranked him #141 in the PWI Years in 2003[126]
- PWI ranked him #78 of the Top 100 Tag Teams of the PWI Years in 2003 with Jerry Lawler[127]
- United States Wrestling Association
- USWA Heavyweight Championship (1 time)[129]
- USWA Southern Heavyweight Championship (9 times)[130]
- USWA Unified World Heavyweight Championship (3 times)[131]
- USWA World Tag Team Championship (14 times) – with Jeff Gaylord (2), Cody Michaels (1), Jerry Lawler (4), Robert Fuller (4), and Brian Christopher (2)[132]
- World Class Wrestling Association
- USWA World Tag Team Championship (2 times) – with Matt Borne[132]
- WCWA World Light Heavyweight Championship (2 times)[140]
- WCWA World Tag Team Championship (3 times) – with Kerry Von Erich (1), Mil Máscaras (1), and Matt Borne (1)[141]
- World Series Wrestling
- WSW Heavyweight Championship[151]
- Wrestling Observer Newsletter awards
- Feud of the Year (1992) with Jerry Lawler vs. The Moondogs
- Most Overrated Wrestler (2005)
1After Asistencia Asesoría y Administración retracted their working relationship with Total Nonstop Action Wrestling, Jarrett's win was stricken from AAA's records. However, when the relationship was resumed in 2010, AAA once again began recognizing Jarrett as a former Rey de Reyes.[152]
2Wins the title while working for the World Wrestling Federation as part of an angle with the National Wrestling Alliance.
3Upon winning the title for the second time, Jarrett instantly unified it with the NWA World Heavyweight Championship.
Lucha de Apuesta record[link]
See also: Luchas de Apuestas
| Wager | Winner | Loser | Location | Date | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hair | X-Pac | Jeff Jarrett | New York, New York | 01998-08-30August 30, 1998 | Hair vs. hair match at SummerSlam[9] |
| Career | Jeff Jarrett | Mick Foley | Orlando, Florida | 02010-05-22May 22, 2010 | James Storm and Robert Roode served as the special guest referees for the match[38] |
Notes[link]
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- ^ "Gail Kim isn't just TNA". SLAM! Wrestling. http://slam.canoe.ca/Slam/Wrestling/2006/02/23/1459498.html. Retrieved 2009-08-02.
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- ^ "Jeff Jarrett (My World)". The American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers. http://www.ascap.com/ace/search.cfm?requesttimeout=300&mode=results&searchstr=400745413&search_in=i&search_type=exact&search_det=t,s,w,p,b,v&results_pp=25&start=1. Retrieved 2010-06-20.
- ^ "Immortal Theme". Total Nonstop Action Wrestling. http://shoptna.com/immortal---theme.aspx. Retrieved 2011-05-12.
- ^ NWA Mid-America/AWA Southern Tag Team Title history At wrestling-titles.com
- ^ CWA Heavyweight Title history At wrestling-titles.com
- ^ CWA International Tag Team Title history At wrestling-titles.com
- ^ NWA Mid-America Heavyweight Title history At wrestling-titles.com
- ^ NWA Cyberspace Heavyweight Title history At wrestling-titles.com
- ^ "Pennsylvania Championship Wrestling Title Histories". Wrestling Information Archive. http://www.100megsfree4.com/wiawrestling/pages/other/pcwtit.htm. Retrieved 2010-10-11.
- ^ "Pro Wrestling Illustrated Award Winners Feud of the Year". Wrestling Information Archive. http://www.100megsfree4.com/wiawrestling/pages/pwi/pwifoty.htm. Retrieved 2008-09-12.
- ^ "Pro Wrestling Illustrated Award Winners Inspirational Wrestler of the Year". Wrestling Information Archive. http://www.100megsfree4.com/wiawrestling/pages/pwi/pwiinsp.htm. Retrieved 2008-08-10.
- ^ "Pro Wrestling Illustrated Top 500 - 2000". Wrestling Information Archive. http://www.100megsfree4.com/wiawrestling/pages/pwi/pwi50000.htm. Retrieved 2008-08-13.
- ^ "Pro Wrestling Illustrated Top 500 - PWI Years". Wrestling Information Archive. http://www.100megsfree4.com/wiawrestling/pages/pwi/pwi500yr.htm. Retrieved 2010-09-06.
- ^ "Pro Wrestling Illustrated's Top 100 Tag Teams of the PWI Years". Wrestling Information Archive. http://www.100megsfree4.com/wiawrestling/pages/pwi/pwi100tg.htm. Retrieved 2009-03-10.
- ^ NWA World Heavyweight Title history At wrestling-titles.com
- ^ USWA Heavyweight Title history At wrestling-titles.com
- ^ USWA Southern Heavyweight Title history At wrestling-titles.com
- ^ USWA Unified World Heavyweight Title history At wrestling-titles.com
- ^ a b USWA World Tag Team Title history At wrestling-titles.com
- ^ "WWE United States Championship history". http://www.wwe.com/inside/titlehistory/unitedstates/.
- ^ "Jeff Jarrett's second WCW United States Heavyweight Championship reign". http://www.wwe.com/inside/titlehistory/unitedstates/3044541151.
- ^ "Jeff Jarrett's third WCW United States Heavyweight Championship reign". http://www.wwe.com/inside/titlehistory/unitedstates/3044541331.
- ^ "Jeff Jarrett's first WCW World Heavyweight Championship reign". http://www.wwe.com/inside/titlehistory/wcwchampionship/30445411022.
- ^ "Jeff Jarrett's second WCW World Heavyweight Championship reign". http://www.wwe.com/inside/titlehistory/wcwchampionship/30445411010.
- ^ "Jeff Jarrett's third WCW World Heavyweight Championship reign". http://www.wwe.com/inside/titlehistory/wcwchampionship/30445411029.
- ^ "Jeff Jarrett's fourth WCW World Heavyweight Championship reign". http://www.wwe.com/inside/titlehistory/wcwchampionship/304454110210.
- ^ WCWA World Light Heavyweight Title history At wrestling-titles.com
- ^ WCWA World Tag Team Title history At wrestling-titles.com
- ^ NWA North American Heavyweight Title history At wrestling-titles.com
- ^ "Jeff Jarrett's first European Championship reign". http://www.wwe.com/inside/titlehistory/euro/358670.
- ^ "Jeff Jarrett's first Intercontinental Championship reign". http://www.wwe.com/inside/titlehistory/intercontinental/322484.
- ^ "Jeff Jarrett's second Intercontinental Championship reign". http://www.wwe.com/inside/titlehistory/intercontinental/322488.
- ^ "Jeff Jarrett's third Intercontinental Championship reign". http://www.wwe.com/inside/titlehistory/intercontinental/322496.
- ^ "Jeff Jarrett's fourth Intercontinental Championship reign". http://www.wwe.com/inside/titlehistory/intercontinental/322580.
- ^ "Jeff Jarrett's fifth Intercontinental Championship reign". http://www.wwe.com/inside/titlehistory/intercontinental/322588.
- ^ "Jeff Jarrett's sixth Intercontinental Championship reign". http://www.wwe.com/inside/titlehistory/intercontinental/322596.
- ^ "Jeff Jarrett and Owen Hart's first World Tag Team Championship reign". http://www.wwe.com/inside/titlehistory/worldtagteam/30445413213122.
- ^ Pulsone, Mario. "WSW - World Series Wrestling WSW Heavyweight Title History". Solie. http://www.solie.org/titlehistories/htwsw.html. Retrieved 2008-07-03.
- ^ "Jeff Jarrett, nuevo Megacampeón" (in Spanish). Asistencia Asesoría y Administración. 2011-06-20. http://luchalibreaaa.com/jeff-jarrett-nuevo-megacampeon.php. Retrieved 2011-06-20.
References[link]
- Laurer, Joanie (2001). If They Only Knew. ReaganBooks. ISBN 0-06-109895-7.
External links[link]
 |
Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Jeff Jarrett |
- TNA profile
- AAA profile
- Online World of Wrestling profile
- Jeff Jarrett's channel on YouTube
- Jeff Jarrett at the Internet Movie Database
| Persondata | |
|---|---|
| Name | Jarrett, Jeff |
| Alternative names | |
| Short description | Professional wrestler |
| Date of birth | 1967-04-14 |
| Place of birth | Hendersonville, Tennessee |
| Date of death | |
| Place of death | |
http://wn.com/Jeff_Jarrett
 |
This biographical article needs additional citations for verification. Please help by adding reliable sources. Contentious material about living persons that is unsourced or poorly sourced must be removed immediately, especially if potentially libelous or harmful. (March 2009) |
| Keiji Mutoh | |
|---|---|
 Keiji Mutoh in 2008 |
|
| Ring name(s) | Keiji Mutoh[1] The Great Muta[1] Space Lone Wolf[1] Kokushi-Muso[1] Kokushi[1] White Ninja[1] Super Ninja[1] Black Ninja[1] Super Black Ninja[1] Viet Cong Ming[1] |
| Billed height | 1.88 m (6 ft 2 in)[2] |
| Billed weight | 105 kg (230 lb)[2] |
| Born | (1962-12-23) December 23, 1962 (age 49)[1] Fujiyoshida, Yamanashi |
| Billed from | The Land of the Rising Sun (Tokyo, Japan) |
| Trained by | Hiro Matsuda[1] |
| Debut | October 5, 1984[1] |
Keiji Mutoh (武藤 敬司, Mutō Keiji?, born December 23, 1962)[1] is a Japanese professional wrestler who first gained international fame in the National Wrestling Alliance. He is mostly known for his work as The Great Muta in New Japan Pro Wrestling during the 1990s, but he has also competed in United States, Puerto Rico, Mexico, and Taiwan. He is a former President of All Japan Pro Wrestling, as well as being a full-time wrestler for the promotion since 2002. Mutoh is widely regarded as one of the greatest wrestlers of all-time, both in Japan and America.[citation needed]
Mutoh is credited as one of the first Japanese wrestlers to achieve a fan base outside of his native Japan in the United States. The Great Muta gimmick is one of the most influential gimmicks in puroresu, having been emulated by many wrestlers including Satoshi Kojima (The Great Koji), Kazushi Miyamoto (The Great Kazushi) and Atsushi Onita (The Great Nita). In addition, countless independent wrestlers have paid tribute to Muta through emulation and imitation.
Mutoh is one of two wrestlers to hold the NWA World Heavyweight Championship, the AJPW Triple Crown Championship and the IWGP Heavyweight Championship (the other being Shinya Hashimoto). He is also famous for taking part in what is generally considered to be the bloodiest professional wrestling match of all time against Hiroshi Hase, leading to the creation of the "Muta Scale."[3]
Contents |
Career[link]
Early years (1984–1989)[link]
Mutoh was an amateur wrestler and competed in numerous Judo competitions prior to being trained by Hiro Matsuda in the New Japan Pro Wrestling Academy. He debuted on October 5, 1984 against Masahiro Chono. Mutoh's initial NJPW run was largely uneventful, the only noteworthy event being a six day IWGP Tag Team Championship reign with Shiro Koshinaka. He also wrestled for a short time under the moniker "Space Lone Wolf", a space-age type character that was briefly revived in 2005 by NOSAWA Rongai.
In the mid-1980s, Mutoh was sent on a learning excursion to the United States for seasoning. He wrestled briefly in World Class Championship Wrestling under his ring name at the time The Super Ninja, and had a very short lived feud with Kevin Von Erich before departing the organization.
In 1988, Mutoh went on another excursion, this time in Puerto Rico. It was in Puerto Rico he formed The Three Musketeers with Chono and Shinya Hashimoto. He wrestled only one match in New Japan on July 29, before returning to Puerto Rico. But after runs in Puerto Rico and his return to the United States in Florida, Mutoh's personality and ring skills earned him a high billing in the National Wrestling Alliance, where he was dubbed The Great Muta.
National Wrestling Alliance (1989-1990)[link]
Muta first appeared in the NWA on the March 18, 1989 edition of World Championship Wrestling. His manager Gary Hart introduced him as the son of the Great Kabuki, whom Gary Hart also had managed years earlier. Muta would feud with stars like Lex Luger, Ric Flair, and especially Sting, from whom he would capture the NWA World Television Championship on September 3, 1989. He eventually lost the championship to Arn Anderson on January 2, 1990 (aired on the January 13, 1990 edition of NWA Power Hour), and some time after the Clash of the Champions on February 6, Mutoh eventually returned to New Japan, going between his real name and his Muta gimmick as he pleased.
New Japan Pro Wrestling (1990–2009, 2012)[link]
Mutoh quickly rose in rank since returning to New Japan in March 1990, establishing his long-time friendship and rivalry with Masahiro Chono and winning his second IWGP Tag Team Title alongside him. He eventually lost it on November 1 to another long-time rival in his Great Muta gimmick, Hiroshi Hase, and his partner Kensuke Sasaki. In 1991, Mutoh and Chono, along with Shinya Hashimoto, cemented their status as the next generation of New Japan, surpassing Antonio Inoki, Tatsumi Fujinami, and Riki Chōshū, after the finals of the first G1 Climax tournament. In an epic thirty-minute match, Mutoh was bested by Chono and, together with Hashimoto, the three celebrated in the ring, then afterwards they were labeled the Three Musketeers of New Japan Pro Wrestling.
1992 saw Chono repeat his success in the G1 Climax (winning the NWA World Heavyweight Championship in the process); just four days later, Mutoh, donning his Muta persona, beat Japanese legend Riki Chōshū for the IWGP Heavyweight Championship, marking his first reign. On December 14, Muta faced Hiroshi Hase in a famous match where Hase used a foreign object to beat at Muta's forehead, payback for their previous encounters. Muta bladed and cut very deeply into his forehead. As a result of this, Muta bled profusely for the rest of the match, and to this day he still bears scars from where he sliced.
For a short time in 1993, after beating Chono in a title versus title match at Fantastic Story in Tokyo Dome (known in North America as WCW/New Japan Supershow III), Mutoh held both the NWA and IWGP championships at the same time (being one of only two men ever to do so along with Tatsumi Fujinami); the unification was short-lived, as Barry Windham beat him a month later for the NWA World title at SuperBrawl III. As IWGP champion, Mutoh had a variety of challengers in title matches and exhibitions, including Hulk Hogan, Sting, The Great Kabuki, and his fellow members of the Three Musketeers, Chono and Hashimoto, before finally losing the title on September 20, 1993 to Hashimoto. Following this title loss and a match with Hogan against the Hellraisers (the team of Hawk Warrior and Kensuke Sasaki as Power Warrior), Mutoh returned to fighting primarily under his real name, reviving the Muta name for certain matches, such as a special match with Antonio Inoki during his retirement countdown. During this time, Mutoh created a team with Hiroshi Hase, working their way up the ranks against the likes of the Steiner Brothers to challenge the Hellraisers in November 1994 and capturing the IWGP Tag Team championship—his third tag title.
While having the Tag Team title around his waist was fine, Mutoh had further ambitions: beating the man who took his title, Shinya Hashimoto; by now the IWGP champion for nearly a year. His second title reign came on May 3, 1995—a year and two days after Hashimoto won the championship from Tatsumi Fujinami. After winning the IWGP title, Mutoh and Hase vacated the Tag Team titles so Mutoh could focus on his Heavyweight title. Afterwards, Mutoh went on to win the 1995 G1 Climax, beating Hashimoto in the finals. Mutoh held the IWGP title throughout the rest of the year, leading New Japan in the opening battles of the feud with Nobuhiko Takada and the UWF-i army before losing his title to Takada on January 4, 1996 at the Tokyo Dome. The latter half of 1996 had Mutoh pitted against Chono's Ookami Gundan—or Wolf Army, which eventually blossomed into a war with the Chono-led nWo Japan. In the process, Mutoh began teasing at a possible turn to the side of the nWo, proclaiming himself to be the true successor to Antonio Inoki's legacy, and "accidentally" attacking his own partners in the middle of a match.
During this period, Mutoh underwent a long slump in big matches, losing not only to members of the nWo, but fellow New Japan wrestlers such as Hashimoto; and many times the turn was teased. Mutoh even going so far as to wear an nWo shirt and then proclaim days later that he refuses to join Chono's army. Mutoh further raised confusion by playing both sides of the feud; fighting as a member of New Japan under his real name, and using the Great Muta name as a member of nWo Japan, before turning to his Muta gimmick full-time for several months in 1997. The full turn came in September 1997, when Mutoh, after teasing a turn on his nWo teammates, double-crossed Sasaki and Kazuo Yamazaki, sealing away the Muta name and formally joining nWo Japan as himself. Almost immediately following this, he and Chono dominated the tag team scene in NJPW, defeating Yamazaki and Sasaki for their second IWGP tag title reign as a duo, and spray-painting the plates of the belts black as a show of disrespect for the championship's legacy.
They eventually would be forced to vacate the title in May 1998, when Mutoh injured his knees, as his years of using the moonsault press were finally catching up to him. During this time, he took a hiatus from action, returning just before the 1998 G1 Climax (from which he was eliminated by Genichiro Tenryu in the first round). Despite his return, Mutoh was plagued by this nagging injury, fighting through his pain throughout the rest of 1998 and much of 1999; even winning his third IWGP Heavyweight title from one of Chono's right-hand men, Scott Norton. Towards the end of 1998, Mutoh took the leadership of nWo Japan, after Chono suffered a neck injury and was out of action, turning the nWo into a face stable, which Chono didn't like. Mutoh feuded with Chono for the name of the nWo, which evolved into a war between the nWo, led by Mutoh, Hiroyoshi Tenzan, and Satoshi Kojima and Chono's new Team 2000 unit, with himself, Don Frye, Super J, and others from the old generation of the nWo. By the end of 1999, Mutoh lost the IWGP Championship to Tenryu. The war between Chono and Mutoh was lost by Mutoh by January 2000, brought about by his decisive loss to Chono on January 4. Mutoh took an extended hiatus to rehabilitate his damaged knees after that, focusing instead on one last run in America for World Championship Wrestling alongside Vampiro. Due to the bad booking and the decline of WCW in its last years, however, Mutoh could not recapture the previous popularity he had in the late 1980s and early 1990s. After leaving WCW, a no-compete clause in his WCW contract prevented him competing in the World Wrestling Federation.
Going back on hiatus, it seemed as if Mutoh reached a confusing crossroads in his career; however, he chose to completely change his image, shaving his head bald (he had a pronounced receding hairline throughout much of 2000), growing out a goatee, and aligning himself with a fellow NJPW wrestler who had gone overseas for an extended period of time, Shinjiro Otani. The two returned to New Japan on January 4, 2001 at Wrestling World 2001, making short work of Manabu Nakanishi and Jushin Liger. In his first singles match after returning to New Japan on March 18, 2001, Mutoh debuted his new trademark move, the Shining Wizard. Since its creation, it has become an extremely popular move on both sides of the Pacific, used by Mutoh's allies, rivals, and fans of his work. Together with Don Frye, Otani and Mutoh created a new stable which later came to be known as BATT (Bad Ass Translate Trading).[2] Added to their ranks were Taiyō Kea of All Japan Pro Wrestling and Jinsei Shinzaki of Michinoku Pro; later added was Hiroshi Hase, now a member of All Japan with Kea. 2001 proved to be Mutoh's year of renewal besides the formation of a new unit, as he challenged, and defeated, Tenryu for All Japan's coveted Triple Crown. In addition, Mutoh captured more gold in the form of All Japan's Double Cup tag titles and IWGP Tag Team Championship in the summer and fall of 2001, both with Taiyō Kea—giving Mutoh a total of six belts at one time.
On January 4, 2008, at Wrestle Kingdom II in Tokyo Dome, under the Muta persona, he defeated Hirooki Goto. On April 27, 2008, Mutoh beat Shinsuke Nakamura to win his fourth IWGP Heavyweight Championship, this was his second appearance in 2008 for NJPW and hadn't held the title for eight years and four months prior to the win. Mutoh went on to defend the IWGP championship against Manabu Nakanishi, Togi Makabe and Goto and at New Japan's Destruction show on October 13, he defended the title against Shinsuke Nakamura in a rematch and retained following a Frankensteiner.[4]
On January 4, 2009, Mutoh put the IWGP Heavyweight Championship on the line at NJPW's Wrestle Kingdom III in Tokyo Dome against his former student Hiroshi Tanahashi. Mutoh lost the match, when Tanahashi used his signature High Fly Low twice to get the pin.[5] After the match, Mutoh said backstage that he had passed Tanahashi his sash after doing his best for over half a year to raise the worth of the title, and suggested that he will withdraw and leave New Japan to move their company forward.[5]
On January 4, 2012, Mutoh made a return to New Japan at Wrestle Kingdom VI in Tokyo Dome, where he defeated Tetsuya Naitō in a singles match.[6]
All Japan Pro Wrestling (2002–present)[link]
On January 11, 2002, following the end of a year long cross-promotional angle with New Japan Pro Wrestling, Keiji Mutoh shocked the Japanese wrestling world by defecting to All-Japan as a full-time competitor, taking Satoshi Kojima and Kendo Kashin with him. At the Nippon Budokan on July 20, Mutoh wrestled as three different characters on the card: Kokushi Muso defeating Kaz Hayashi on the second match, himself in the mid-card, and in the second-to-last match, he defeated Kojima, under his "Great Koji" persona, as The Great Muta. On September 30, during an All Japan 30th Anniversary party at the famed Tokyo City Hotel, Mokoto Baba officially announced Mutoh's appointment as the new president of All Japan, transferring all of the Baba family stock to him.[2] Despite this position, however, Mutoh has not stopped wrestling full-time for All Japan, and lead his supporters in feuds with the Voodoo Murders. On December 27, 2003, Mutoh made a return to the United States, wrestling for the Ring of Honor promotion as part of an interpromotional All Japan vs. ROH card, which hosted a series of "dream" matches. In the main event, Mutoh reverted to his Great Muta persona and teamed with Arashi to defeat Prophecy members Christopher Daniels and Dan Maff.
He made his European debut on January 12, 2007, wrestling for Real Quality Wrestling at the York Hall in Bethnal Green, London, England, where he defeated RQW Heavyweight Champion Martin Stone in a non-title match. Mutoh recently won the 2007 Champion's Carnival, competing in Block A and finishing with 6 points total; Mutoh defeated Toshiaki Kawada in the finals on March 30, 2007.
In March 2007, while Mutoh was in Orlando, Florida in order to establish a working agreement between All Japan and Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (TNA), he made an appearance for the company, under his Great Muta gimmick, at the Destination X pay-per-view, in a segment with Christian Cage.[7] In February 2009 Mutoh was featured in multiple interview segments, taped in Japan, where he spoke of his student Akira Raijin, who had just began working for TNA.[8]
On September 29, 2008, wrestling as The Great Muta, he defeated Suwama to capture the AJPW Triple Crown Heavyweight Championship. He is only the second wrestler, after Satoshi Kojima, to hold the Triple Crown Championship and the IWGP Championship at the same time.
On March 14, 2009, Mutoh defended his AJPW Triple Crown Championship against Yoshihiro Takayama. He bloodied him severely, as is his trademark, and even used the shining wizard to his opponent on the barricade. During the course of the match, however, his mask was ripped off, and he was bleeding profusely. Towards the end of the match, Takayama dominated Muta, but Muta reversed a kick into a Dragon Screw, and attempted to use the Asian Mist against him, but Takayama blocked it, and performed an Everest Suplex Pin on Muta, and won the match. Muta subsequently walked away in shock of what had happened.
On January 30, 2010, Mutoh, under his Great Muta gimmick, made a special appearance for Pro Wrestling Guerrilla in Los Angeles, California, during the WrestleReunion 4 weekend, teaming up with KAI in a match, where they defeated the team of Joey Ryan and Scott Lost.[9]
In April 2010 Mutoh went through a reconstructive knee surgery that would keep him out of the ring for the rest of the year. Mutoh made his return on September 10, 2010, when he faced Masakatsu Funaki in a special return match.[10]
On June 7, 2011, Mutoh announced his resignation as the president of All Japan Pro Wrestling. He will remain in the promotion as an active wrestler and a member of the Supervisory Board.[11] Mutoh's decision stemmed from a real-life incident where Yoshikazu Taru assaulted Nobukazu Hirai backstage at an All Japan Pro Wrestling show, which led to Hirai suffering a stroke after competing in a match. Mutoh took the blame for the incident, which led to All Japan suspending not only Taru, but also Kazuhiko Masada, Masayuki Kono and Minoru Tanaka who were present when the attack took place.[12]
After being on the midcard and without a big feud for most of 2011, Mutoh became the main challenger for NOAH's Jun Akiyama, who had won the Triple Crown Championship from Suwama, and after Akiyama defended the title successfully 2 times (against Taiyō Kea and Takao Ōmori), Akiyama challenged Mutoh to a match that took place in March 2012, which Mutoh eventually lost.
On April 6, 2012 it was announced that Mutoh will be coming to The United States to wrestle for Pro Wrestling Syndicate on June 1 in Rahway, New Jersey.
Alter-egos[link]
- Great Muta, which he has wrestled as often throughout his career, switching back and forth between this character and his real name. Great Muta is a mysterious gimmick where he spits green or red mist and plays mind games to distract his opponents. Muta was originally billed as the son of Japanese wrestler Great Kabuki who used a similar gimmick. The two are not related in real life. Originally he wore face paint, which was later exchanged for a mask after he shaved his head. The Great Muta gimmick is the gimmick most fans of the United States know Mutoh for, as he wrestled as The Great Muta throughout the late '80s and early '90s for the NWA, and in his later stints in WCW with it.
- Kokushi-Muso, a gimmick used only for a few shows. It is a play off of Jinsei Shinzaki's monk character known as Hakushi. Hakushi means "White Angel" while "Kokushi" means "Black Angel".
- White Ninja, was used early in his career in New Japan Pro Wrestling and in Florida Championship Wrestling.
- Super Black Ninja, was used in World Class Championship Wrestling in Texas and also was used in the World Wrestling Council in Puerto Rico.
- Space Lone Wolf, was used briefly in New Japan and the UWF.
Other media[link]
Mutoh has appeared in a vast number of media appearances in Japan, including commercials as well as being interviewed for Bloodstained Memoirs, a wrestling documentary.[13]
In 1995, Mutoh starred in the Japanese thriller Dragon Blue, as Ryusaki, a suave detective, who joins forces with a beautiful young spiritualist, played by Hiroko Tanaka, to solve a bizarre case of killings from a mystical sea creature.
In 2004, he played the role of Harold Sakata in the movie Rikidōzan, a film based on the real-life story of a wrestler who would eventually be known as the "Father of Puroresu"; Harold Sakata took Rikidozan under his wing and introduced him into the world of professional wrestling.
In 2006, he appeared as a guest star in the Japanese historical drama series Saiyūki, playing a village headman who is helped by Son Gokū played by Shingo Katori.
According to Masahiro Chono, Shinya Hashimoto, and himself, Mutoh, as a wrestler, grew up in the United States. He describes the United States as his soul-homeland. He often praises American wrestling-fans, as like "they are not just onlookers, but also match-producers".
In wrestling[link]
- Finishing moves
- Moonsault, often preceded by a rib breaker[1][2]
- Muta Lock[1] – innovated
- Shining Wizard[2] – Innovated
- Signature moves
- Bridging grounded double chickenwing[14]
- Cross armbar[1]
- Cradle piledriver[1]
- Multiple Dragon screw variations:[1]
- Dragon Neck Screw (Rope hung snap swinging neckbreaker)[1]
- Leg whip (Mutoh is known to perform this move in various situations, including off the mat apron, and while the opponent is on the top turnbuckle, or tangled in the ropes)
- Dragon suplex[1]
- Figure four leglock[1]
- Flashing Elbow (Running twisting elbow drop)[1]
- Frankensteiner, sometimes from the top rope[1]
- Handspring back elbow[1]
- Leaping lariat[1]
- Leg hook reverse STO
- Low-angle dropkick to an opponent's knees[1]
- Multiple Asian mist variations[1]
- Green Mist – Muta's most common mist, which obscures the opponent's vision
- Red Mist – This mist is purported to burn rather than blind
- Black Mist – An even more powerful mist which is purported to severely blind an opponent for a prolonged period of time
- Blue Mist – This mist is used to send an opponent to sleep
- Yellow Mist – This mist is purported to paralyze the opponent
- Rib breaker[1]
- Space Rolling Elbow (Cartwheel into a back elbow to a cornered opponent, often followed by a one-handed bulldog)[1]
- Triangle choke[1]
- Entrance themes
- New Japan Pro Wrestling
- "Champion At Heart" (1984–1986)
- "The Final Countdown" by Europe (1986–1988) – as Space Lone Wolf
- "Hold Out" (1990–1995, 2011–2012)
- "MUTA" (1990–1995) – as The Great Muta
- "Triumph" (1995–1997, January 4, 2012)
- "Great Muta Concerto" (1995–1999) – as The Great Muta
- "nWo Triumph" (1997–2000)
- "Skyscraper" (2000) – as The Great Muta
- "Outbreak" (2000–2002)
- "Kokushi Muso" (2001–2002) – as Kokushi Muso
- All Japan Pro Wrestling
- "Trans Magic" (2002–2009)
- "Kokushi Drama" (2002–2005) – as Kokushi Muso
- "Praise Bloom" (2002–2006) – as The Great Muta
- "Kingly Way" by China Blue (2005–present) – as Kokushi Muso
- "MUTA 2006" (2006–2009) – as The Great Muta
- "Symbol" (2009–present)
- "Unknown Title" (2010–present) - as The Great Muta
- World Championship Wrestling
- "Luminous Forces I" - Jon Keliehor/Orlando Kimber - Bruton Music Library - BRR 18 - East Meets West (1989–1990)
- "Kimi Ga Yo" (Starrcade 1990)
- "Pacific Zone (sample)" (American PPV broadcast of Starrcade 1991 in Tokyo Dome, 1991)
- "War Lords" (Clash Of The Champions XV: Knocksville U.S.A., 1991)
- "Tokyo Takeaway" (1992–2000)
- "Take It" by Insane Clown Posse (2000)
- New Japan Pro Wrestling
Championships and accomplishments[link]
- All Japan Pro Wrestling
- AJPW Triple Crown Heavyweight Championship (3 times)[1][2]
- AJPW Unified World Tag Team Championship (5 times) – with Taiyō Kea (1), Arashi (1), Joe Doering (1), Masakatsu Funaki (1) and KENSO (1)
- F–1 Tag Team Championship (1 time) – with Kannazaki1[18]
- Champion's Carnival (2002, 2004, 2007)[1]
- Giant Baba Six Man Cup (2002) – with George Hines and Kaz Hayashi [19]
- January 2 Korakuen Hall Heavyweight Battle Royal Winner (2011)
- January 3 Korakuen Hall Junior Heavyweight Battle Royal Winner (2011)
- World's Strongest Tag Team League – with Taiyō Kea (2001), Joe Doering (2007) and Masakatsu Funaki (2009)[1]
- New Japan Pro Wrestling
- IWGP Heavyweight Championship (4 times)[2][20]
- IWGP Tag Team Championship (6 times) – with Hiroshi Hase (2), Masahiro Chono (2), Shiro Koshinaka (1) and Taiyō Kea (1)[1]
- NWA World Heavyweight Championship (1 time)[1]
- Greatest 18 Championship (1 time)[21]
- G1 Climax (1995)[22]
- Super Grade Tag League/G1 Climax Tag League – with Hiroshi Hase (1993, 1994), Masahiro Chono (1997), Satoshi Kojima (1998) and Scott Norton (1999)[23]
- MVP Award (2001)[24]
- Singles Best Bout (2001) vs. Yuji Nagata on August 12[24]
- Tag Team Best Bout (2001) with Hiroshi Hase vs. Jun Akiyama and Yuji Nagata on October 8[24]
- Tokyo Sports Grand Prix
- Match of the Year (1999) with Genichiro Tenryu on May 3, 1999 [27]
- Match of the Year (2011) with Kenta Kobashi vs. Takashi Iizuka and Toru Yano, All Together, August 27[28]
- Performance Award (1998) [27]
- Rookie of the Year (1986) [29]
- Special Award (1989) [29]
- Tag Team of the Year (1990) with Masahiro Chono [27]
- Tag Team of the Year (2005) with Akebono [30]
- Wrestler of the Year (1995, 1999, 2001, 2008) [27][30]
- Wrestling Observer Newsletter awards
- Best Wrestling Maneuver (2001) Shining Wizard
- Match of the Year (2001) vs. Genichiro Tenryu on June 8, Tokyo, Japan
- Most Improved Wrestler (2001)
- Wrestler of the Year (2001)
- Wrestling Observer Newsletter Hall of Fame (Class of 1999)
1Championship not officially recognized by All Japan Pro Wrestling.
References[link]
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq "Great Muta profile". Online World of Wrestling. http://www.onlineworldofwrestling.com/profiles/g/great-muta.html. Retrieved 2009-08-11.
- ^ a b c d e f g h PWI Staff (October 2004). "Pro Wrestling llustrated 500 - 2004 :33 Keiji Muto". Pro Wrestling Illustrated (Blue Bell, Pennsylvania, USA: Sports and Entertainment publications LLC): p. 24. December 2004.
- ^ Mancuso, Ryan (2006-09-11). "Complete Playbook: The Great Muta Vol. 2 Revenge of Muta Commercial Tape". 411mania. http://www.411mania.com/wrestling/video_reviews/44204. Retrieved 2007-10-24.
- ^ "Results New Japan, 10/13/08". Strong Style Spirit. 2009-10-13. http://www.puroresufan.com/njpw/?p=88. Retrieved 2010-01-27.
- ^ a b "Results New Japan, 1/4/09". Strong Style Spirit. 2009-01-04. http://www.puroresufan.com/njpw/?p=302. Retrieved 2010-01-27.
- ^ "NJPW 40th anniversary Tour. レッスルキングダムⅥ in 東京ドーム" (in Japanese). New Japan Pro Wrestling. http://www.njpw.co.jp/match/detail_result.php?e=470. Retrieved 2012-01-04.
- ^ Sokol, Chris (2007-03-12). "Samoa Joe denied at Destination X". Slam! Sports. http://slam.canoe.ca/Slam/Wrestling/PPVReports/2007/03/12/3736821.html. Retrieved 2010-04-21.
- ^ Martin, Adam (2009-02-06). "Impact Results - 2/5/09". WrestleView. http://www.wrestleview.com/news2009/1233911336.php. Retrieved 2010-04-21.
- ^ "Kurt Russellreunion". Pro Wrestling Guerrilla. 2010-01-30. http://www.prowrestlingguerrilla.com/results/2010/show0109.html. Retrieved 2011-10-11.
- ^ Gerweck, Steve (2010-04-20). "Update on The Great Muta". WrestleView. http://wrestleview.com/viewnews.php?id=1271781859. Retrieved 2010-04-21.
- ^ "All Japan: Keiji Muto tritt als Präsident zurück". Purolove. 2011-06-07. Archived from the original on 2011-06-07. http://www.webcitation.org/5zGMFrlFw. Retrieved 2011-06-07.
- ^ "武藤敬司が社長を辞任 暴行事件の責任取り＝全日本プロレス" (in Japanese). Sports Navi. 2011-06-07. http://sportsnavi.yahoo.co.jp/fight/headlines/20110607-00000013-spnavi-fight.html. Retrieved 2011-06-07.
- ^ Bloodstained Memoirs Official Site
- ^ National Wrestling Alliance (1989-12-13). "The Great Muta Vs. Sting". NWA Starrcade '89.
- ^ "Gary Hart profile". Online World of Wrestling. http://www.onlineworldofwrestling.com/profiles/g/gary-hart.html. Retrieved 2009-11-23.
- ^ Matt Mackinder (January 17, 2008). "Sir Oliver Humperdink recalls career of yesteryear". SLAM! Wrestling. http://slam.canoe.ca/Slam/Wrestling/2007/05/12/4175841.html. Retrieved 2008-04-04.
- ^ "House of Humperdink". Online World of Wrestling. http://www.onlineworldofwrestling.com/profiles/h/house-of-humperdink.html. Retrieved 2009-09-08.
- ^ "2010 results". Purolove. http://www.purolove.com/ajpw/results/results10.php. Retrieved 2010-12-16.
- ^ http://www.purolove.com/ajpw/profiles/keijimuto.php
- ^ "I.W.G.P. Heavyweight Title History". Wrestling-Titles. http://www.wrestling-titles.com/japan/newjapan/iwgp-h.html. Retrieved 2010-01-01.
- ^ "The Greatest 18 Club Title". Wrestling-Titles. http://www.wrestling-titles.com/japan/newjapan/18club.html. Retrieved 2010-01-01.
- ^ Royal Duncan & Gary Will (2000). "Japan: New Japan G-1 (Grade-1) Climax Tournament Champions". Wrestling Title Histories. Archeus Communications. p. 375. ISBN 0-9698161-5-4.
- ^ Royal Duncan & Gary Will (2000). "Japan: New Japan G-1 (Grade-1) Climax Tag Tournament Champions". Wrestling Title Histories. Archeus Communications. p. 374. ISBN 0-9698161-5-4.
- ^ a b c "2001 New Japan Awards". Strong Style Spirit. http://www.puroresufan.com/njpw/2001-awards.html. Retrieved 2011-04-28.
- ^ "PWI 500". Cagematch. http://www.cagematch.de/?id=97&nr=82#2002. Retrieved 2010-02-07.
- ^ "Pro Wrestling Illustrated's Top 500 Wrestlers of the PWI Years". Wrestling Information Archive. http://www.100megsfree4.com/wiawrestling/pages/pwi/pwi500yr.htm. Retrieved 2010-09-10.
- ^ a b c d http://www.puroresu.com/awards/1990s.html
- ^ "(Results) New Japan, 12/14/11". Strong Style Spirit. 2011-12-14. http://www.puroresufan.com/njpw/?p=3318. Retrieved 2011-12-15.
- ^ a b http://www.puroresu.com/awards/1980s.html
- ^ a b http://www.puroresu.com/awards/2000s.html
External links[link]
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Keiji Mutoh |
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| Persondata | |
|---|---|
| Name | Mutoh, Keiji |
| Alternative names | |
| Short description | Japanese professional wrestler |
| Date of birth | December 23, 1962 |
| Place of birth | Fujiyoshida, Yamanashi |
| Date of death | |
| Place of death | |
http://wn.com/Keiji_Mutoh
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This article may require cleanup to meet Wikipedia's quality standards. No cleanup reason has been specified. Please help improve this article if you can; the talk page may contain suggestions. (May 2009) |
Los Aldeanos began as one of many underground Rap Cubano groups based in Havana, Cuba. Dubbed as "underground rappers", Los Aldeanos became a group in 2003, composed of El Aldeano and El B, both of whom are MC's. Los Aldeanos describe themselves as not being the pioneer of Rap Cubano, but credit themselves with producing "real" Rap Cubano, giving to the followers of "real" Rap Cubano and "real" Hip Hop lyrics that not only instill a sense of understanding of the social, political, and economical problems that aggravate Cuban society today, but also with a sense of urgency.[1] The lyrics of Los Aldeanos are largely anti-status quo and as a result express sentiments that are critical of the government of Cuba. Such an example can be found in their song "Libertad de Expresión".[2]
With such claims to authenticity and explicit discontent with the status quo, Los Aldeanos are just one among many underground rap bands that oppose the rising popularity of Reggaeton in Cuba. Groups like Los Aldeanos have come to openly disagree with and condemn Reggaeton, calling it unconscious and negative music that detracts Cuban society from the ailments that continue to afflict society and instead focuses attention on the pleasurable acts of self-indulgence and dance.[3]
History[link]
Friends Bian Óscar Rodríguez Gala (El B) and Aldo Roberto Rodríguez Baquero (El Aldeano) held their first public performance at 5 Palmas in La Lisa on February 27, 2003 – there weren’t more than five people present. Later that same year they performed at Park Almendares inaugurating their rap duo as “Los Aldeanos.” In their inaugural year, they received the Rap Plaza award for their song Aveces Sueño. Los Aldeanos is a Cuban rap group whose repertoire is recognized for being Revolutionary, yet critical of regimen bureaucracies and corruption. They recorded their debut album Censurado together in 2003 and soon after Poesía Esposada in 2004. Meanwhile El Aldeano recorded his first independent project titled Entre T las Musas. The following year Los Aldeanos took part in the final annual Habana Hip-Hop rap festival and the second annual Hip-Hop Symposium. On their third anniversary together in 2006, El B recorded his debut solo album titled Mi Filosofía and they released Abajo Como Hace 3 Febreros. Los Aldeanos received international recognition at the end of 2006 with a feature on the front cover of the entertainment section of the New York Times in the article titled “Cuba's Rap Vanguard Reaches Beyond the Party Line.” Soon after, a spotlight on Univision titled them "revolutionaries of the Revolution." The attention from US audiences propelled a newfound global curiosity for the Cuban rap group. Shortly after, in 2007 Los Aldeanos joined the collective of over 40 emcees called “La Comisión Depuradora” alongside Explosión Suprema, Maykelxtremo, El Adversario, Soldier Squad, Hermanos de Causa, and Mano Armada amongst others, contributing to the self-titled double CD album of the collective produced by 26 Musas and Real 70. That same year Los Aldeanos recorded their fourth album together titled Poesía y Corazón, for which they received the ‘best rap group’ award from the television program Cuerda Viva. In 2008 each has published their own independent albums, El Aldeano with Miseria Humana and Mantenimiento al Alma, and El B presented his double CD album Dr. Jekill y Mr. Hyde, while together Los Aldenaos released El Atropello. In this last year Los Aldeanos have recorded with Puerto Rican rap duo Intifada, El B won the national Red Bull freestyle competition “La Batalla de los Gallos” for a second year in a row, and they were labeled the Cuban folk singers of the new generation when they shared the stage with Pablo Milanés in the Anti-Imperialist Grandstand.23 In July, 2010, they will perform on the "Exit-festival" in Novi Sad, Serbia.Los Aldeanos have performed twice in Miami now and will hopefully keep performing.You can visit and listen to their music freely at www.losaldeanos.net [4] [5] [6]
Discography[link]
- Censurados (2003)
- Poesía Esposada (2004)
- L3 Y 8 - Inciso A (2004)
- En 3T La Musas (Aldo) (2005)
- Abajo Como Hace Tres Febreros (2006)
- Mi Filosofía (El B) (2006)
- Record Pila Acción (2007)
- Poesía & Corazón (Aldo) (2007)
- Inédito (2007)
- Comisión Depuradora Vol. 1 (2007)
- Comisión Depuradora Vol. 2 (2007)
- Miseria Humana (Aldo) (2008)
- Dr. Jekill & Mr. Hyde Vol. 1 (Dr. Jekyll) (El B) (2008)
- Dr. Jekill & Mr. Hyde Vol. 2 (Mr. Hyde) (El B) (2008)
- Mantenimiento Al Alma (Aldo) (2009)
- El Atropello (2009)
- Los Kbayros (Aldo y Silvito el Libre) (2009)
- Viva Cuba libre (El B) (2010)
- Nos Achicharraron (Aldo) (2010)
- A Moler Chatarra (Aldo) (2010)
- D'Finy Flowww (2010)
- Desacato (2010)
- Actividad Paranormal (Aldo) (2011)
- baby bello & don perfecto (2011
- tribu mokoya (2011)
References[link]
Interview video of Los Aldeanos - By Havana-Cultura Website
Los Aldeanos.net - Lyrics, Videos, Albums, News, and more. http://www.elgenero.com/
- ^ Los Aldeanos: http://www.myspace.com/losaldeanos
- ^ Lyrics - Los Aldeanos - Hip Hop
- ^ Baker, Geoffery. 2008. "The Politics of Dancing" In Reading Reggaeton. forthcoming in Duke University Press
- ^ http://www.exitfest.org/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=3527&Itemid=87
- ^ http://www.emetreceproductions.com/LosAldeanos.html
- ^ http://hiphopcuba.com
http://wn.com/Los_Aldeanos
8:07
World of Outlaws Kronik Energy Sprint Car, In Car Camera
KronikEnergyDrink
World of Outlaws Kronik Energy Sprint Car, In Car Camera
Ben Gregg 2010 Rookie of the Year driving the Kronik Energy Sprint Car, In Car Camera during the night race at the 2010 season finale at The Dirt Track at Charlotte Motor Speedway
2:45
Kronik - Filthy Dubstep
warg85zak
Kronik - Filthy Dubstep
Produced in FL studio 9.9. first try at making dubstep, please rate, give me some pointers on where to go next or tips on what i can do to edit this track. Subscribe if you like it and if i get a few subscriptions i'll continue 'trying' to make dubstep.
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