James Middleton Cox
46th and 48th Governor of Ohio
In office January 13, 1913 – January 11, 1915
Lieutenant	W. A. Greenlund
Preceded by	Judson Harmon
Succeeded by	Frank B. Willis
In office January 8, 1917 – January 10, 1921
Lieutenant	Earl D. Bloom (1917–19) Clarence J. Brown (1919–21)
Preceded by	Frank B. Willis
Succeeded by	Harry L. Davis
Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Ohio's 3rd district
In office March 4, 1909 – January 12, 1913
Preceded by	J. Eugene Harding
Succeeded by	Warren Gard
Personal details
Born	(1870-03-31)March 31, 1870 Jacksonburg, Ohio
Died	July 15, 1957(1957-07-15) (aged 87) Kettering, Ohio
Political party	Democratic
Spouse(s)	Mayme Simpson Harding Cox, Margaretta Parker Blair Cox
Children	Four
Religion	United Brethren in Christ
Signature

James Middleton Cox (March 31, 1870 – July 15, 1957) was the 46th and 48th Governor of Ohio, U.S. Representative from Ohio and Democratic candidate for President of the United States in the election of 1920.

Biography[link]

Cox was born in the tiny Butler County, Ohio, village of Jacksonburg. Cox practiced a variety of trades throughout his life: high school teacher, reporter, owner and editor of several newspapers, and secretary to Congressman Paul J. Sorg.

Cox/Roosevelt poster

Roosevelt (left) and Cox (right) at a campaign appearance in Washington, D.C., 1920

Cox represented Ohio in the United States House of Representatives (1909–1913), resigning after winning election as Governor of Ohio (1913–1915, and 1917–1921). A capable and well-liked reformer, he was nominated for the presidency by the Democratic party while serving as Governor. Cox supported the internationalist policies of Woodrow Wilson and favored U.S. entry into the League of Nations. However, Cox was defeated in the 1920 presidential election by a fellow Ohioan and newspaperman, U.S. Senator Warren G. Harding of Marion. The public had grown weary of the turmoil of the Wilson years, and eagerly accepted Harding's call for a "return to normalcy." Cox's running mate was future president, then-Assistant Secretary of the Navy Franklin D. Roosevelt. One of the better known analyses of the 1920 election is in author Irving Stone's book about defeated Presidential candidates, They Also Ran. Stone rated Cox as superior in every way over Warren Harding, claiming the former would have made a much better president; the author argued that there was never a stronger case in the history of American presidential elections for the proposition that the better man lost.

Cox with FDR in Dayton, Ohio during 1920 presidential campaign

Cox recorded for The Nation's Forum several times. The campaign speech featured here [1] accuses the Republicans of failing to acknowledge that President Wilson's successful prosecution of the war had, according to Cox, "saved civilization."

Cox was publisher of the Dayton Daily News in Dayton, Ohio, where the newspaper's editorial meeting room is still referred to as the "Governor's Library." The "James M. Cox Dayton International Airport", more commonly referenced simply as Dayton International Airport, was named for Cox as well.

He built a large newspaper enterprise, Cox Enterprises, including the December 1939 purchase of the Atlanta Georgian and Journal just a week before that city hosted the premiere of Gone with the Wind.^[1] This deal included radio station WSB, which joined his previous holdings, WHIO in Dayton and WIOD in Miami, to give him "'air' from the Great Lakes on the north to Latin America on the south."^[2]

In 1932, 1936, 1940, and 1944, Cox supported and campaigned for the presidential candidacies of his former running mate Franklin D. Roosevelt.

Cox was appointed by Roosevelt to the U.S. delegation to the failed London Economic Conference in 1933.^[3]

Cox died at his home, Trail's End, in Kettering, Ohio, in 1957, and was interred in the Woodland Cemetery, Dayton, Ohio.

Cox was married twice. He married Mayme Simpson Harding in 1898.^[4] They divorced in 1911.^[4] He married Margaretta Parker Blair in 1917 and she survived him.^[4] Cox had four children, two sons by Mayme Harding and two daughters by Margaretta Blair.^[4] One of his daughters, Anne Cox Chambers, is still a major shareholder in the company; she owned 98% of the company with her sister Barbara Cox Anthony until the latter's death in 2007. The company's headquarters is in Atlanta.

Cox was a member of the Church of the United Brethren in Christ.

Notes[link]

References[link]

• Cox, James M., Journey Through My Years, Simon and Schuster, 1946

Source: Library of Congress

External links[link]

Biography portal

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: James M. Cox

Wikisource has original works written by or about: James M. Cox

• Full text of The Progressive Democracy Of James M. Cox by Charles E. Morris, from Project Gutenberg
• James M. Cox and the Dayton Daily News
• 1920 Presidential Election Links
• Find-A-Grave profile for James M. Cox
• James M. Cox at the Biographical Directory of the United States Congress
• Biography at the National Governors Association
• James Middleton Cox Papers, Special Collections and Archives, Wright State University, Dayton, OH

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v t e Ohio's 3rd congressional district Creighton Barber Brush Barber McLean Crane Goode Robert C. Schenck Bell Campbell Vallandigham Robert C. Schenck Campbell Smith Savage Gardner McMahon Morey Murray Campbell Williams Houk Sorg Brenner Nevin Harding Cox Gard Fitzgerald Harlan Routzohn Holbrock Jeffrey Gardner Burke Breen Paul F. Schenck Love Whalen Hall Turner

Mary Frances Early (born June 14, 1936) was the first African-American to earn a degree from the University of Georgia.

Mary Early was born in Atlanta, Georgia, attended Atlanta's Turner High School and went on to graduate from Clark College (later Clark Atlanta University) with a bachelor's degree in Music Education in 1957. She began her postgraduate work at the University of Michigan then enrolled at the University of Georgia in 1961 receiving her master’s degree (MMEd) in music education in 1962. She also earned an Ed.S. degree in music education in 1967 from Georgia.

During Early's career she spent time as a music teacher, a planning and development coordinator, an elementary division curriculum specialist, and a music resource teacher at various schools, including John Hope Elementary, Wesley Avenue Elementary Schools and Coan Middle School. In addition, she worked as an adjunct professor at Morehouse and Spelman colleges and as a music coordinator and supervisor of Atlanta Public Schools. She became the first African-American president of the Georgia Music Educators Association in 1981. As of 2003, Early was the head of the music department at Clark Atlanta University.

Early's awards include the STAR Teacher Award, Coan Middle School, 1972; Benjamin E. Mays Black Music Heritage Award, 1995; University of Georgia Outstanding Alumna Award, 2000; and the Foot Soldier for Equal Justice (University of Georgia) Award. In light of this attention, she said, "It wasn't in our vocabulary to think that people were good or bad because of their skin color, so I was just sort of taken aback that it became a big issue later in my life."

External links[link]

• 40th Anniversary of the Desegregation of the University of Georgia, January 9, 2001
• Athens Banner Herald article on Mary Frances Early
• Picture of Mary Frances Early
• New Georgia Encyclopedia:Mary Frances Early
• The University of Georgia College of Education 2003 Magazine
• http://www.onlineathens.com/stories/010901/uga_0109010001.shtml
• Georgia Encyclopedia
• http://www.footsoldier.uga.edu/foot_soldiers/early.html

James Shirley

James Shirley (or Sherley) (September 1596 – October 1666) was an English dramatist.

He belonged to the great period of English dramatic literature, but, in Lamb's words, he "claims a place among the worthies of this period, not so much for any transcendent genius in himself, as that he was the last of a great race, all of whom spoke nearly the same language and had a set of moral feelings and notions in common." His career of play writing extended from 1625 to the suppression of stage plays by Parliament in 1642.

Life[link]

Shirley was born in London. He was educated at Merchant Taylors' School, London, St John's College, Oxford, and St Catharine's College, Cambridge,^[1] where he took his B.A. degree in or before 1618.

His first poem, Echo, or the Unfortunate Lovers (of which no copy is known, but which is probably the same as Narcissus of 1646), was published in 1618. After earning his M.A., he was, Wood says, "a minister of God's word in or near St Albans." Apparently in consequence of his conversion to the Roman Catholic faith, he left his living, and was master of St Albans School from 1623–25. His first play, Love Tricks, seems to have been written while he was teaching at St Albans. He removed in 1625 to London, where he lived in Gray's Inn, and for eighteen years from that time he was a prolific writer for the stage, producing more than thirty regular plays, tragedies, comedies, and tragicomedies, and showing no sign of exhaustion when a stop was put to his occupation by the Puritan edict of 1642. Most of his plays were performed by Queen Henrietta's Men, the playing company for which Shirley served as house dramatist, much as Shakespeare, Fletcher, and Massinger had done for the King's Men.

Shirley's sympathies were with the King in his disputes with Parliament and he received marks of special favor from the Queen. He made a bitter attack on William Prynne, who had attacked the stage in Histriomastix, and, when in 1634 a special masque was presented at Whitehall by the gentlemen of the Inns of Court as a practical reply to Prynne, Shirley supplied the text—The Triumph of Peace. Between 1636 and 1640 Shirley went to Ireland, under the patronage apparently of the Earl of Kildare. Three or four of his plays were produced by his friend John Ogilby in Dublin in the theatre in Werburgh Street, the first ever built in Ireland and at the time of Shirley's visit only one year old. During his Dublin stay, Shirley wrote The Doubtful Heir, The Royal Master, The Constant Maid, and St. Patrick for Ireland.^[2] In his absence from London, Queen Henrietta's Men sold off a dozen of his plays to the stationers, who published them in the late 1630s. Shirley, when he returned to London in 1640, would no longer work for the Queen Henrietta's company as a result; his final plays of his London career were acted by the King's Men.

On the outbreak of the English Civil War he seems to have served with the Earl of Newcastle, but when the King's fortunes began to decline he returned to London. He owed something to the kindness of Thomas Stanley, but supported himself chiefly by teaching, publishing some educational works under the Commonwealth. Besides these he published during the period of dramatic eclipse four small volumes of poems and plays, in 1646, 1653, 1655, and 1659. He "was a drudge" for John Ogilby in his translations of the Iliad and the Odyssey, and survived into the reign of Charles II, but, though some of his comedies were revived, he did not again attempt to write for the stage. Wood says that he and his second wife died of fright and exposure after the Great Fire of London, and were buried at St Giles in the Fields on 29 October 1666.

Shirley was born to great dramatic wealth, and he handled it freely. He constructed his own plots out of the abundance of materials that had been accumulated during thirty years of unexampled dramatic activity. He did not strain after novelty of situation or character, but worked with confident ease and buoyant copiousness on the familiar lines, contriving situations and exhibiting characters after types whose effectiveness on the stage had been proved by ample experience. He spoke the same language with the great dramatists, it is true, but this grand style is sometimes employed for the artificial elevation of commonplace thought. "Clear as day" becomes in this manner "day is not more conspicuous than this cunning"; while the proverb "Still waters run deep" is ennobled into — "The shallow rivers glide away with noise — The deep are silent." The violence and exaggeration of many of his contemporaries left him untouched. His scenes are ingeniously conceived, his characters boldly and clearly drawn; and he never falls beneath a high level of stage effect.

Works[link]

The following list includes years of first publication, and of performance if known, and dates of licensing by the Master of the Revels where available.

Tragedies[link]

• The Maid's Revenge (licensed Feb. 9, 1626; printed, 1639)
• The Traitor (licensed 4 May 1631; printed, 1635)
• Love's Cruelty (licensed Nov. 14, 1631; printed, 1640)
• The Politician (acted, 1639; printed, 1655)
• The Cardinal (licensed 25 May 1641; printed, 1652).

Tragicomedies[link]

• The Grateful Servant (licensed Nov. 3, 1629 as The Faithful Servant; printed 1630)
• The Young Admiral (licensed 3 July 1633; printed 1637)
• The Coronation (licensed Feb. 6, 1635, as Shirley's, but printed in 1640 as a work of John Fletcher)
• The Duke's Mistress (licensed Jan. 18, 1636; printed 1638)
• The Gentleman of Venice (licensed Oct. 30, 1639; printed 1655)
• The Doubtful Heir (printed 1652), licensed as Rosania, or Love's Victory in 1640
• The Imposture (licensed Nov. 10, 1640; printed 1652)
• The Court Secret (printed 1653).

Comedies[link]

• Love Tricks, or the School of Complement (licensed Feb. 10, 1625; printed under its subtitle, 1631)
• The Wedding (ca. 1626; printed 1629)
• The Brothers (licensed Nov. 4, 1626; printed 1652)
• The Witty Fair One (licensed Oct. 3, 1628; printed 1633)
• The Humorous Courtier (licensed 17 May 1631; printed 1640).
• The Changes, or Love in a Maze (licensed Jan. 10, 1632; printed 1639)
• Hyde Park (licensed 20 April 1632; printed 1637)
• The Ball (licensed Nov. 16, 1632; printed 1639)
• The Bird in a Cage, or The Beauties (licensed Jan. 21, 1633; printed 1633)
• The Gamester (licensed Nov. 11, 1633; printed 1637)
• The Example (licensed 24 June 1634; printed 1637)
• The Opportunity (licensed Nov. 29, 1634; printed 1640)
• The Lady of Pleasure (licensed Oct. 15, 1635; printed 1637)
• The Royal Master (acted and printed 1638)
• The Constant Maid, or Love Will Find Out the Way (printed 1640)
• The Sisters (licensed 26 April 1642; printed 1653).

Dramas[link]

• A Contention for Honor and Riches (printed 1633), morality play
• The Triumph of Peace (licensed Feb. 3, 1634; printed 1634), masque
• The Arcadia (printed 1640), pastoral tragicomedy
• St. Patrick for Ireland (printed 1640), neo-miracle play
• The Triumph of Beauty (ca. 1640; printed 1646), masque
• The Contention of Ajax and Ulysses (printed 1659), entertainment
• Cupid and Death (performed 26 March 1653; printed 1659), masque
• Honoria and Mammon (unperformed; printed 1659), morality.

In 1633 Shirley revised a play by John Fletcher, possibly called The Little Thief, into The Night Walker, which was acted in 1634 and printed in 1640. In 1634-5, Shirley revised The Tragedy of Chabot, Admiral of France, a play that George Chapman had written sometime between 1611 and 1622. The revised version was printed in 1639. Shirley has sometimes been credited as a collaborator with William Cavendish, 1st Duke of Newcastle on Cavendish's play The Country Captain (printed 1649).

Shirley's Poems (1646) contained "Narcissus," and the masque The Triumph of Beauty. A Contention for Honour and Riches (1633) appeared in an altered and enlarged form in 1659 as Honoria and Mammon. His Contention of Ajax and Ulysses closes with the well-known lyric, "The Glories of our Blood and State." In the final pedagogic stage of his career, Shirley published an English grammar written in poetry, titled Rudiments of Grammar: The Rules Composed in English Verse for the Greater Benefit and Delight of Young Beginners (1656).

Eight of Shirley's plays were reprinted in a single quarto volume in 1640; these were The Young Admiral, The Duke's Mistress, Hyde Park, Love's Cruelty, The Wedding, The Constant Maid, The Opportunity, and The Grateful Servant. In 1653 another collection was published by Humphrey Moseley and Humphrey Robinson; titled Six New Plays, the volume included The Brothers, The Sisters, The Doubtful Heir, The Imposture, The Cardinal, and The Court Secret.^[3]

Shirley's canon presents fewer problems and lost works than the canons of earlier dramatists; yet William Cooke registered a Shirley tragedy titled Saint Albans on 14 February 1639 — a play that has not survived. The anonymous tragedy Andromana was assigned to Shirley when it was first published in 1660, though scholars have treated the attribution with skepticism.^[4]

The standard edition of Shirley's works is The Dramatic Works and Poems of James Shirley, with Notes by William Gifford, and Additional Notes, and some Account of Shirley and his Writings, by Alexander Dyce (6 vols., 1833). A selection of his plays was edited (1888) for the "Mermaid" series, with an introduction by Edmund Gosse.

A new 10 volume edition of James Shirley's work is currently being edited for Oxford University Press, ([1]).

Notes[link]

References[link]

•  This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. 
• Adams, Joseph Quincy. Shakespeare's Playhouses. Boston, Houghton Mifflin, 1917.
• Logan, Terence P., and Denzell S. Smith, eds. The Later Jacobean and Caroline Dramatists: A Survey and Bibliography of Recent Studies in English Renaissance Drama. Lincoln, NE, University of Nebraska Press, 1978.

External links[link]

Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to: James Shirley

• Oxford Complete Works.
• Dyce edition at Google Books
• Texts on Wikisource:
  • "Shirley, James". New International Encyclopedia. 1905. 
  •  "James Shirley". Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: Robert Appleton Company. 1913. 
  • "Shirley, James". Collier's New Encyclopedia. 1921. 

This biographical article needs additional citations for verification. Please help by adding reliable sources. Contentious material about living persons that is unsourced or poorly sourced must be removed immediately, especially if potentially libelous or harmful. (April 2010)

Andy Cox (born Andrew Cox 25 January 1956, Birmingham, England) is a British guitarist, who along with Dave Wakeling, founded The Beat in 1978.^[1]

The Beat achieved eight Top 40 singles and three hit albums in the UK before announcing their break up in 1983. Some of their notable hits included "Mirror in the Bathroom", "Hands Off She's Mine" and "Can't Get Used to Losing You".

In 1985 he joined fellow Beat member David Steele and singer Roland Gift, to form Fine Young Cannibals.

In 1988, while Fine Young Cannibals were on hiatus, Cox and Steele released the instrumental house music single, "Tired of Getting Pushed Around", under the name of Two Men, A Drum Machine and A Trumpet. It reached #18 in the UK Singles Chart. In 2002, Cox formed Cribabi with Japanese vocalist, Yukari Fujiu, and released the album Volume on his own Fidela record label.

Cox currently lives in London and is still involved with the music industry.

References[link]

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This article does not cite any references or sources. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (February 2011)

Jimmy Cox (July 28, 1882 – March 1925) was an American songwriter famous for his Depression-era hit "Nobody Knows You When You're Down and Out".

While Bessie Smith made the song famous, it was later repopularized by Eric Clapton on the album Layla and Other Assorted Love Songs. It was reintroduced to a fresh generation of music fans when Clapton performed the song in his 1992 MTV Unplugged appearance, which was also released on the album Unplugged.

The song has been covered by a wide variety of artists, including Peter, Paul and Mary, The Chad Mitchell Trio, Otis Redding, Popa Chubby, Rod Stewart, Janis Joplin, B.B. King, Nina Simone, Sam Cooke, Bobby Womack, Katie Melua and Steve Winwood with The Spencer Davis Group.

References[link]

• Jimmy Cox at the Internet Movie Database

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