Coordinates: 28°37′3″N 77°12′30″E / 28.6175°N 77.20833°E / 28.6175; 77.20833

House of the People लोक सभा Lōk Sabhā
15th Lok Sabha
Type
Type	Lower house of Parliament of India
Leadership
Speaker	Meira Kumar, (INC) since 3 June 2009[1]
Deputy Speaker	Kariya Munda, (BJP) since 8 June 2009[2]
Leader of the House	Pranab Mukherjee, (INC) since 26 May 2009[3]
Leader of Opposition (Lok Sabha)	Sushma Swaraj, (BJP) since 21 December 2009[4]
Members	545 (543 elected + 2 appointed)[5]
Political groups	UPA NDA TF FF Others
Elections
Voting system	First past the post
Last election	April–May, 2009
Motto
धर्मचक्रपरिवर्तनाय॥ - To rotate the wheel of dharma.
Meeting place
Chamber of Lok Sabha, Sansad Bhavan, Sansad Marg, New Delhi
Website
loksabha.gov.in

The Lok Sabha (Hindi: लोक सभा) or House of the People is the lower house of the Parliament of India. Members of the Lok Sabha are elected by direct election under universal adult suffrage. As of 2009, there have been fifteen Lok Sabhas elected by the people of India. The Constitution limits the Lok Sabha to a maximum of 552 members, including no more than 20 members representing people from the Union Territories, and two appointed non-partisan members to represent the Anglo-Indian community (if the President feels that that community is not adequately represented).

Each Lok Sabha is formed for a five-year term, after which it is automatically dissolved, unless extended by a proclamation of emergency. In such cases, the term may be extended by one-year increments. The 15th Lok Sabha was formed in May 2009.

An exercise to redraw Lok Sabha constituencies' boundaries has been carried out by the Delimitation Commission based on the Indian census of 2001. This exercise, which was supposed to be carried out after every census, was suspended in 1976 following a constitutional amendment to avoid adverse effects of the family planning program which was being implemented.^[6] Today, the Lok Sabha has its own TV channel, Lok Sabha TV, head-quartered within the premises of Parliament.

Membership qualifications[link]

Membership of the Lok Sabha requires that the person be a citizen of India, aged 25 or over, mentally sound, should not be bankrupt and if the person is facing criminal proceedings in courts, the person has to mention it when they file their affidavit to the election commission. However, the person must not have been criminally convicted. For reserved seats, one should be member of the appropriate castes and/or tribes. He must not be holding an office of profit under the Govt. of India. He must not also be disqualified under any other Laws passed by the Parliament.

Election model code of conduct for nomination and scrutiny of candidates[link]

The Model Code of Conduct set by Election Commission of India gives guidance to political parties and candidates, and sets norms that bind them to respect and observe these guidelines in letter and spirit.^[7] The Election Commission of India is also implementing Supreme Court’s order dated 13 March 2003 relating to right to information of electors regarding criminal antecedents, assets and liabilities and educational qualifications of candidates. This makes it mandatory for candidates to disclosure of information about their assets and liabilities together with those of spouse or dependent children, through filing the nomination forms.^[8] The Election Commission of India is responsible for publishing this information.^[9]

Sessions and working hours[link]

First hour of every sitting is called the Question Hour, during which questions posed by members may be assigned to specific government ministries, to be answered at a fixed date in the future.

The Lok Sabha shares legislative power with the Rajya Sabha, except in the area of money bills, in which case the Lok Sabha has the ultimate authority. In the case of money bills, it is only sent to the Rajya Sabha for recommendations. In the case of other bills, the bill is sent for a period of 14 working days, and if it is not returned within that span of time, it is considered as passed. If conflicting legislation is enacted by the two Houses, a joint sitting is held to resolve the differences. In such a session, the members of the Lok Sabha would generally prevail, since the Lok Sabha includes more than twice as many members as the Rajya Sabha.

Three sessions of Lok Sabha take place in a year:

• Budget session: February to May.
• Monsoon session: July to September.
• Winter session: November to December.

Powers[link]

The Lok Sabha has certain powers that make it more powerful than the Rajya Sabha.

• Motions of no confidence against the government can only be introduced and passed in the Lok Sabha. If passed by a majority vote, the Prime Minister and the Council of Ministers resigns collectively. The Rajya Sabha has no power over such a motion, and hence no real power over the executive. However, the Prime Minister may threaten the dissolution of the Lok Sabha and recommend this to the President, forcing an untimely general election. The President normally accepts this recommendation unless otherwise convinced that the Lok Sabha might recommend a new Prime Minister by a majority vote. Thus, both the executive and the legislature in India have checks and balances over each other.
• Money bills can only be introduced in the Lok Sabha, and upon being passed, are sent to the Rajya Sabha, where it can be deliberated on for up to 14 days. If not rejected by the Rajya Sabha, or 14 days lapse from the introduction of the bill in the Rajya Sabha without any action by the House, or recommendations made by the Rajya Sabha are not accepted by the Lok Sabha, the bill is considered passed. The budget is presented in the Lok Sabha by the Finance Minister in the name of the President of India.
• In matters pertaining to non-financial (ordinary) bills, after the bill has been passed by the House where it was originally tabled (Lok Sabha or Rajya Sabha), it is sent to the other house, where it may be kept for a maximum period of 6 months. If the other House rejects the bill or a period of 6 months elapses without any action by that House, or the House that originally tabled the bill does not accept the recommendations made by the members of the other house, it results in a deadlock. This is resolved by a joint session of both Houses, presided over by the speaker of the Lok Sabha and decided by a simple majority. The will of the Lok Sabha normally prevails in these matters, as its strength is more than double that of the Rajya Sabha.
• Equal Powers with the Rajya Sabha in initiating and passing any Bill for Constitutional Amendment (by a majority of the total membership of the House and at least two-thirds majority of the members present and voting).
• Equal Powers with the Rajya Sabha in initiating and passing a motion for the impeachment of the President (by two-thirds of the membership of the House).
• Equal Powers with the Rajya Sabha in initiating and passing a motion for the impeachment of the judges of the Supreme Court and the state High Courts (by a majority of the membership of the House and at least two-thirds majority of the members present and voting).
• Equal Powers with the Rajya Sabha in initiating and passing a resolution declaring war or national emergency (by two-thirds majority) or constitutional emergency (by simple majority) in a state.
• If the Lok Sabha is dissolved before or after the declaration of a National Emergency, the Rajya Sabha becomes the sole Parliament. It cannot be dissolved. This is a limitation on the Lok Sabha. But there is a possibility that president can exceed the term to not more than 1 year under the proclamation of emergency and the same would be lowered down to six month if the said proclamation ceases to operate.

Rights of nominated members[link]

Nominated members have almost all the same rights as elected members, including the right to join political parties and to participate in parliamentary debates. They also have the right to cast their vote during confidence votes and other money bills. The only exception is that nominated members are not allowed to vote during presidential elections.

Composition by states and territories[link]

Lok Sabha and general election[link]

Lok Sabha is constituted after the general election as follows:

Number of members party wise in Lok Sabha[link]

• Total Members (Excluding H. S.) - 542
• Vacant Constituencies - 2

1 Banka (Bihar )
2 Nellore (Andhra Pradesh )

• Nominated Member - 2

Present members of Lok Sabha by political party and alliance up to 10 January 2012:^{[11][12][13][14]}

See also[link]

• Rajya Sabha
• Lawmaking procedure in India
• Politics of India
• List of Indian constituencies
• Indian general elections 1951–1971
• Indian general elections 1977–1999
• Indian general elections 2004
• Indian general elections 2009
• List of members of the 15th Lok Sabha of India
• List of members of the 15th Lok Sabha (by state)
• PRS Legislative Research

References[link]

External links[link]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Lok Sabha

• All Lok Sabha Members – Current and Previous
• Description of Lok Sabha on website of Parliament of India
• Lok Sabha website

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Sushma Swaraj
Leader of Opposition (Lok Sabha)
Incumbent
Assumed office 18 December 2009
Preceded by	Lal Krishna Advani
Constituency	Vidisha (Madhya Pradesh)
Minister of Information and Broadcasting
In office 30 September 2000 – 29 January 2003
Prime Minister	Atal Bihari Vajpayee
Chief Minister of Delhi
In office 13 October 1998 – 3 December 1998
Minister of Information and Broadcasting and Telecommunications
In office 19 March 1998 – 12 October 1998
Prime Minister	Atal Bihari Vajpayee
Minister of Information and Broadcasting
In office 16 May 1996 – 1 June 1996
Prime Minister	Atal Bihari Vajpayee
Haryana State Minister of Education, Food and Civil Supplies
In office 1987–1990
Haryana State Minister of Labour and Employment
In office 1977–1979
Personal details
Born	(1952-02-14) 14 February 1952 (age 60) Palwal, Haryana
Political party	Bharatiya Janata Party
Spouse(s)	Swaraj Kaushal
Residence	New Delhi
Alma mater	Punjab University, Chandigarh
Profession	Lawyer
Military service
Awards	Outstanding Parliamentarian Award in 2004 and 2010

Sushma Swaraj (Hindi: सुष्मा स्वराज pronunciation (help·info)) (born 14 February 1952) is an Indian politician of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP)and Member of Parliament. She is currently the Leader of the Opposition in the 15th Lok Sabha. She is a former union cabinet minister of India and a former Chief Minister of Delhi. Also she served as the Chairperson of the BJP's 19 member campaign committee for the 2009 General Elections. She was the first female Chief Minister of Delhi.

Early life[link]

She was born in Palwal, Haryana. She was educated at Sanatan Dharma College, Ambala Cantonment and earned a B.A. degree. She studied LL.B. from the Law Department of Punjab University, Chandigarh. She is an advocate by profession.^[1]

She has been associated with many social and cultural bodies in various capacities. She was President of the Sahitya Sammelan, Haryana for four years.

Political career[link]

Sushma Swaraj began her political career as a student leader in the 1970s, organizing protests against Indira Gandhi's government. She was a member of the Haryana Legislative Assembly from 1977–82 and then from 1987–90. As a Janata Party MLA in Devi Lal's government, she was the Cabinet Minister of Labour and Employment (1977–1979). She joined the BJP in 1980. Under a combined Lok Dal-BJP government led by Devi Lal, she was the Cabinet Minister of Education, Food and Civil Supplies (1987–1990). She was judged Best Speaker of Haryana State Assembly for three consecutive years.

In 1980, 1984, and 1989, she unsuccessfully contested the Lok Sabha elections from Karnal in Haryana. All three times, she was defeated by the Congress Party's Chiranji Lal Sharma.

She was elected as a member of the Rajya Sabha in 1990. In 1996, she was elected to the 11th Lok Sabha from South Delhi. She was Union Cabinet Minister of Information and Broadcasting in 1996, during the 13-day Atal Bihari Vajpayee Government.

She was re-elected to 12th Lok Sabha for a 2nd term in 1998. Under the second Vajpayee government, she retained the Information and Broadcasting ministry and had additional charge of the Ministry of Telecommunications from 19 March to 12 October 1998.

She left the Union Cabinet from October – December 1998 to serve as the first woman Chief Minister of Delhi. The BJP lost the assembly elections, and she returned to national politics.

In 1999, she took on a high profile as she contested against the Congress party's President, Sonia Gandhi, from the Bellary constituency in Karnatka, which had returned Congress winners since India's independence. The fervent, high-pitched campaign came to an end with the expected loss of Sushma.

She returned to Parliament in April 2000 as a Rajya Sabha member from Uttarakhand.^[2] She was re-inducted into the cabinet as the Minister of Information and Broadcasting, which she held from September 2000 until January 2003. At that time, she was made the Minister of Health and Family Welfare, and also held the post of Minister of Parliamentary Affairs. She held these posts from January 2003 until May 2004, when the National Democratic Alliance government lost elections.

In a heavily publicized and emotionally charged episode following the elections, Sushma Swaraj threatened to shave her head, don a white saree and eat groundnuts (symbolically mourning) if Sonia Gandhi, the Italian-born Congress leader, became Prime Minister of India.

She was re-elected to the Rajya Sabha in April 2006 from Madhya Pradesh. She served as the deputy leader of BJP in Rajya Sabha. Speculation ran high that Sushma Swaraj was one of the top contenders to be President of the BJP, following Advani's resignation from that role in late 2005. Rajnath Singh ultimately was elected to that post.

She won the 2009 election to the 15th Lok Sabha from the Vidisha constituency in Madhya Pradesh, on a BJP candidacy, by a highest margin of 4.01 lakh votes. This is her 10th election.

She has been awarded by Outstanding Parliamentarian Award twice.

Leader of the opposition[link]

Sushma Swaraj appointed as leader of the opposition party and replaced Lal Krishna Advani in December 2009 in the 15th Lok Sabha,^[3]

Personal life[link]

She married Swaraj Kaushal Madahar on 13 July 1975 and has a daughter.

Positions held[link]

• 1977–82 and 1987–90 Member, Haryana Legislative Assembly.^[1]
• 1977–79 Cabinet Minister, Labour and Employment, Government of Haryana.^[1]
• 1987–90 Cabinet Minister, Education, Food and Civil Supplies, Government of Haryana.^[1]
• April 1990 Elected to Rajya Sabha
• 1996 Member, Eleventh Lok Sabha
• 16 May-1 June 1996 Union Cabinet Minister, Information and Broadcasting.^[1]
• 1998 Member, Twelfth Lok Sabha (2nd term)
• 19 March-12 Oct.1998 Union Cabinet Minister, Information and Broadcasting and Telecommunications (Additional charge)
• 13 Oct.-3 Dec. 1998 Chief Minister, Delhi
• April 2000 Elected to Rajya Sabha (2nd term)^[4]
• 30 Sept. 2000–29 Jan. 2003 Minister of Information and Broadcasting
• 29 Jan. 2003 – 22 May 2004 Minister of Health and Family Welfare and Minister of Parliamentary Affairs
• April 2006 Re-elected to Rajya Sabha (3rd term)^[5]
• 16 May 2009 Elected to the 15th Lok Sabha.^[1]
• 3 June 2009 Elected as Deputy Leader of the Opposition in the Lok Sabha.^[1]
• 18 Dec 2009 Sushma Swaraj appointed as leader of the opposition party and replaced Lal Krishna Advani in December 2009.

External links[link]

• Official website of BJP

References[link]

Meira Kumar
Meira Kumar at Third World Conference of Speakers of Parliament
Speaker of Lok Sabha
Incumbent
Assumed office 4 June 2009
Preceded by	Somnath Chatterjee
Member of the Lok Sabha for Sasaram, Bihar
Incumbent
Assumed office 2004
Personal details
Born	(1945-03-31) 31 March 1945 (age 67) Bihar, India
Political party	Indian National Congress
Spouse(s)	Manjul Kumar
Children	1 son and 2 daughters
Residence	New Delhi, India
Alma mater	University of Delhi
Religion	Hindu
As of June 3, 2009 Source: [1]

Meira Kumar is an Indian politician and a five time Member of Parliament. She was elected unopposed as the first woman Speaker of Lok Sabha on 3 June 2009.^[1][2]She was born on March 31, 1945 in Bihar, India.

She is a lawyer and a former diplomat. Prior to being a member of the 15th Lok Sabha, she has been elected earlier to the 8th, 11th, 12th and 14th Lok Sabha, wherein she remained Cabinet Minister in the Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment (2004–2009).

Early life[link]

Meira Kumar was born in the state of Bihar District Patna to the former Deputy Prime Minister and a prominent leader, Babu Jagjivan Ram and freedom fighter, Indrani Devi.

She did her M.A., LL.B, Educated at Indraprastha College and Miranda House, Delhi University.^[3]

Career[link]

Foreign Service[link]

In 1973, she joined the Indian Foreign Service and served at embassies in Spain, United Kingdom and Mauritius. She also served as a member of the India-Mauritius Joint Commission. While serving for IFS, she also worked in Embassy of India, Madrid from 1976 to 1977. She was at the High Commission of India in London from 1977 to 1979 and at Ministry of External Affairs from 1980 to 1985.

Political career[link]

Meira Kumar entered electoral politics in 1985 and was elected from Bijnor in Uttar Pradesh defeating political heavyweights like Ram Vilas Paswan and Mayawati, two powerful dalit leaders. She was a member of the eighth, eleventh and twelfth Lok Sabha's from Karol Bagh in Delhi. She lost her seat in the BJP wave of 1999, but was able to get re-elected with a record majority from her father's former constituency of Sasaram in Bihar in 2004 and 2009.

She served in the Congress-led Government as the Minister of Social Justice and Empowerment from 2004 to 2009. In 2009 she was briefly inducted as member of the cabinet as Union Minister for Water Resources. On being nominated for the position of speaker, she submitted her resignation three days after assuming ministerial office. She was elected the Speaker of Lok Sabha, thereby becoming the first woman speaker of the country.

It has wrongly been misreported in Media that she had spent around 10 crore Indian Rupees to make foreign visits. The Parliament Secretariat has clarified that some news papers had misreported and created the impression that this was spent on holidays abroad. It has clarified that the money was spent not her alone but the Parliamenatary delegation which comprised of several MPs from all political parties and each and every visit was for official business."In her official capacity, the Speaker has to lead Indian Parliamentary Delegations to the Conferences of the Inter- Parliamentary Union (IPU) and the Commonwealth Parliamentary Association (CPA), of which India is a member," the statement said. ^[4]

Personal life[link]

Meira Kumar is married to Manjul Kumar, a Supreme Court lawyer and they have three children, one boy and two girls, Anshul, Swati and Devangna.

She is a keen sportswoman and holds medals for rifle shooting. She is also a published author.

References[link]

External links[link]

• Meira Kumar Biography Govt. of India Portal
• [2] click link to the left 2 -Kamal Nath gives clean chit to Lok Sabha Speaker Meira Kumar in bungalow controversy clarifies no waiver as nothing due as no occupation as wrongly reported by some vested interests and news channels without verification

Dr. Murli Manohar Joshi
Union Human Resources Development minister
In office 1998–2004
Succeeded by	Arjun Singh
Constituency	Rajya Sabha
Minister of Science and Technology
In office 1999–2004
Succeeded by	Kapil Sibal
MP
Incumbent
Assumed office 2009
Preceded by	Dr. Rajesh Kumar Mishra
Constituency	Varanasi
MP
In office 1977–1980
Preceded by	Narendra Singh Bisht
Succeeded by	Harish Rawat
Constituency	Almora
Personal details
Born	(1934-01-05) 5 January 1934 (age 78) New Delhi, India
Political party	Bharatiya Janata Party
Religion	Hindu
Signature

Murli Manohar Joshi (born 1934) was the Union Human Resources Development minister of India in the NDA government. Joshi is a leading member of the Bharatiya Janata Party. He is best known for his views on Indian socio-politics and for his affiliation with the RSS.

He was born in Nainital on 5 January 1934, hailing from the Kumaon Hills region of Nainital northern India which today form a part of the state of Uttarakhand. Joshi had his early education in Chandpur, District Bijnore and Almora (currently part of Uttarakhand). He completed his B.Sc. from Meerut College and M.Sc. from Allahabad University. Here one of his teachers was Professor Rajendra Singh, who later became RSS Sarsanghchalaks. He did his doctorate from Allahabad University. The subject of his doctoral thesis was Spectroscopy. He was the first scientist to submit his thesis in Hindi.

After completing his PhD, Joshi started teaching Physics at Allahabad University. He came in contact with the RSS in Delhi at a young age and took part in the Cow Protection Movement in 1953–54, in the Kumbh Kisan Andolan of UP in 1955, demanding halving of land revenue assessment. During the Emergency period (1975–1977) in India, Joshi was in jail from 26 June 1975 until the Lok Sabha elections in 1977. He was elected Member of Parliament from Almora. When the Janata Party (which then included his party) came to power forming the first non-Congress government in Indian history, Joshi was elected General Secretary of the Janata Parliamentary Party. After the fall of the government, his party came out of Janata Party in 1980, and formed the Bharatiya Janata Party or the BJP. Joshi first looked after the Central Office as a General Secretary and later became Party Treasurer. As General Secretary of BJP, he was directly in charge of Bihar, Bengal and North-Eastern States. Later, when BJP formed a government in India under Atal Bihari Vajpayee, Joshi served as the Human Resource Development Minister in the cabinet.

Joshi is known to have been influenced by the life and work of Veer Savarkar, Shri Guruji and Deendayal Upadhyaya. Joshi was a three-term M.P. from Allahabad before he was defeated in the Lok Sabha elections of May, 2004. He won election to the 15th Lok Sabha from Varanasi as a BJP candidate.^[1] He also served as the home minister for 13 days government in 1996. Prof. Joshi Honored with “Proud Past Alumni" in the list of 42 members, from "Allahabad University Alumni Association", NCR, Ghaziabad (Greater Noida) Chapter 2007–2008 registered under society act 1860 with registration no. 407/2000.^[2] Dr.Joshi was appointed as Chairman of the Manifesto Preparation Board of the BJP in 2009.

Positions Held[link]

• 1934 Born
• 1944 Member, Rashtriya Swayamsewak Sangh (R.S.S.)
• 1949 Member, Akhil Bharatiya Vidyarathi Parishad (A.B.V.P.)
• 1953–56 General Secretary, A.B.V.P., Uttar Pradesh; All India General Secretary, A.B.V.P.
• 1957 Organising Secretary, Bharatiya Jana Sangh (B.J.S.), Allahabad
• 1959–67 Zonal Organising Secretary, B.J.S., Uttar Pradesh
• 1967–75 Secretary, B.J.S., Uttar Pradesh; Treasurer, B.J.S., Uttar Pradesh; Vice-President, B.J.S., Uttar Pradesh (prior to its merger in Janata Party)
• 1977 Elected to 6th Lok Sabha
• 1977–79 General-Secretary, Janata Party in Parliament
• 1980 Founder General Secretary, B.J.P.
• 1981–83 Treasurer, B.J.P.
• 1986–90 General-Secretary, B.J.P.
• 1991–93 President, B.J.P.
• 1992 Member, Rajya Sabha
• 1992–96 Member, Committee on Science and Technology, Environment and Forests; Member, Committee on Public Undertakings; Member, Select Committee on Patent Law; Member, Select Committee on Trade Marks Bill
• 1996 Re-elected to 11th Lok Sabha (2nd term)
• 16 May – 1 June 1996 Union Cabinet Minister, Home Affairs
• 1996–97 Chairman, Public Accounts Committee; Member, Committee on Finance; Member, Consultative Committee, Ministry of Defence; Member, Expert Committee on Low Productivity Areas, Ministry of Agriculture and Co-operation
• 1998 Re-elected to 12th Lok Sabha (3rd term)
• 1998–99 Union Cabinet Minister, Human Resource Development; and Science and Technology
• 1999 Re-elected to 13th Lok Sabha (4th term)
• Oct–Nov 1999 Union Cabinet Minister, Human Resource Development and Science & Technology
• 22 Nov 1999 – 2004 Union Cabinet Minister, Human Resource Development; Science & Technology and Department of Ocean Development
• 2009 Elected to 15th Lok Sabha from Varanasi, UP
• February 2009 Member, Council of the Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore
• March 2009 Chairman, Ministry of Finance
• April 2009 Member, Consultative Committee, Ministry of Defence
• May 2009 Member, Committee on Ethics
• January 2010 Member, General Purpose Committee
• October 2010 Member, Parliamentary Forum on Global Warming and Climate Change
• November 2010 Chairman, Committee on Public Accounts
• December 2010 Member, Committee on Budget^[3]

References[link]

• Police arrest right-wing Hindu leaders. TIM MCGIRK, The Independent. 9 December 1992.
• Court clears India's deputy PM. Maseeh Rahman, The Guardian, Saturday 20 September 2003.
• Minister wins Ayodhya reprieve. BBC. 20 September 2003.
• Tearing down the Babri Masjid. Mark Tully, BBC. 5 December 2002.
• Indian dismay over UN ranking. Satish Jacob, BBC. 24 July 2002.
• India targets cow slaughter. Jyotsna Singh, BBC 11 August 2003.
• Sustainable consumption is the need of the hour, says Murli Manohar Joshi. The Hindu. 15 January 2007.
• Sex education runs into trouble. BBC. 27 August 2007.
• Murli Manohar Joshi attacks Congress on N-deal, agrarian policies. Times of India. 6 March 2008
• Yoga institute celebrations. The Hindu. 19 February 2009.
• Joshi gets death threat from Indian Mujahideen. India Express. 12 April 2009.
• I won’t mind being Leader of Opposition: Murli Manohar Joshi. ANI. 17 May 2009.
• BJP probably failed to communicate its message: Joshi. The Hindu. 16 May 2009.
• Advani's decision in BJP's interest: Murli Manohar Joshi. The Economic Times. 17 May 2009

External links[link]

• http://www.drmurlimanoharjoshi.in/ Official Website of Dr. Murli Manohar Joshi
• http://drmurlimjoshi.blogspot.com/ Dr. Murli Manohar Joshi's blog
• BJP profile of M.M. Joshi

Manohar Joshi
15th Chief Minister of Maharashtra State  India
In office 14 March 1995 – 31 January 1999
Preceded by	Sharad Pawar
Succeeded by	Narayan Rane
Speaker of the Lok Sabha
In office 10 May 2002 – 2 June 2004
Preceded by	G. M. C. Balayogi
Succeeded by	Somnath Chatterjee
Personal details
Born	(1937-12-02) 2 December 1937 (age 74)
Political party	Shiv Sena
Religion	Hindu

Manohar Gajanan Joshi, (Marathi: मनोहर गजानन जोशी) (born 2 December 1937) is an Indian politician from the state of Maharashtra. He is one of the prominent leaders of the Shiv Sena political party. He was the Chief Minister of Maharashtra from 1995–1999.

Background and family[link]

He was born in lower-middle class family hailing from Raigad district. His forthfathers migrated from Beed district to Goregaon village of Raigad district. He got help from his other middle class relatives while studying. He was married on 14 May 1964 to Smt. Anagha Joshi, and has a son, Unmesh, and two daughters. Shri Manohar Joshi has been awarded a Doctorate (in Political Science) by Mumbai University in 2010.

Formation of Kohinoor[link]

After MA in Law he joined in Brihan Mumbai Corporation (BMC) as an officer, but later started the Kohinoor technical/vocational training institute with the idea of an institute for semi–skilled youths to offer training as electrician, plumber, TV/radio/scooter repairman, photography. Eventually, he started multiple branches of Kohinoor in Mumbai, Pune, Nagpur, Nashik, etc., and later he made an entry in construction and other capital-oriented business.

Manohar Joshi also founded the Kohinoor Business School & Kohinoor-IMI (Hospitality) Institutes in Khandala, Maharashtra.

Political career[link]

Early years[link]

He began his career by being elected to the Legislative Council from the Shiv Sena. He became the Mayor of Mumbai during 1976 to 1977. He was elected to the Legislative Assembly from a Shiv Sena ticket in 1990.

Chief Minister[link]

He became the first non-Congress Chief Minister of Maharashtra when the Shiv Sena-Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) coalition came to power.

Controversy and Resignation[link]

During his term as Chief Minister he was embroiled in a scam involving the change of reservation of a plot of land in Pune, which was being developed by his son-in-law, Girish Vyas. Just a couple of months prior to the High Court of Mumbai passing a verdict against Girish Vyas and terming the housing complex "Sundew", illegal, under severe pressure from the opposition, Mr. Joshi resigned.^[1] Later, the Supreme Court upheld the decision of the High Court^[2] but set aside the order to conduct criminal investigation against the former Chief Minister. It asked Mr. Joshi to pay the litigant Rs 25,000, which he complied with.^[3]

Lok Sabha and Speaker[link]

He was promoted to the Lok Sabha when he won from Central Mumbai in the 1999 General Elections. He was the Speaker of the Lok Sabha from 2002 to 2004 during the National Democratic Alliance (NDA) administration.

He was elected for a six-year term to the Rajya Sabha on 20 March 2006^[4] after being defeated in the previous Lok Sabha election from the Central Mumbai constituency.

75th Birthday[link]

Joshi's 75th birthday celebrated at Ravindra Natya Mandir in Prabhadevi.Union minister Sharad Pawar,RPI leader Ramdas Athawale and Shivsena executive president Uddhav Thackeray were present on this occasion.^[5]

Positions held[link]

• 1967–1972 – Corporator, Bombay Municipal Corporation
• 1972–1989 – Member, Maharashtra Legislative Council
• 1976–1977 – Mayor of Mumbai
• 1990–1991 – Member and Leader of Opposition in the Maharashtra Legislative Assembly
• 1995–1999 – Chief Minister of Maharashtra
• 1999–2004 – Member of Lok Sabha
• 2002–2004 – Speaker of Lok Sabha
• 2002 to 2004 Heavy industrial minister
• 2006 to April 2012 – Member of Rajya Sabha

See also[link]

• List of Chief Ministers of Maharashtra

References[link]

External links[link]

• May 8, 2002 news article "Manohar Joshi to be next LS speaker" – Times of India
• Photos from site of Speaker of Lok Sabha