Wikimedia Commons has media related to: 1958

Year 1958 (MCMLVIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar.

Events[link]

January[link]

• January 1
  • European Economic Community (EEC) founded.
  • First Carrefour store opens, in Annecy.
• January 4 – Sputnik 1 (launched on October 4, 1957) falls to Earth from its orbit and burns up.
• January 8 – 14-year-old Bobby Fischer wins the United States Chess Championship.
• January 18
  • Armed Lumbee Indians confront a handful of Klansmen in Maxton, North Carolina.
  • The first of Leonard Bernstein's Young People's Concerts with the New York Philharmonic is telecast by CBS. The Emmy-winning series (one concert approximately every three months except for the summer) will run for more than fourteen years. It will make Bernstein's name a household word, and the most famous conductor in the U.S.
• January 20 – Anne de Vries releases the fourth and final volume of Journey Through the Night.
• January 28 – Hall of Fame baseball player Roy Campanella is involved in an automobile accident that ends his career and leaves him paralyzed.
• January 31 – The first successful American satellite, Explorer 1, is launched into orbit.

February[link]

• February 1 – Egypt and Syria unite to form the United Arab Republic.
• February 2 – The word Aerospace is coined, from the words Aircraft (aero) and Spacecraft (space), taking into consideration that the Earth's atmosphere and outerspace is to be one, or a single realm.
• February 5
  • Gamel Abdel Nasser is nominated as the first president of the United Arab Republic.
  • The Tybee Bomb, a 7,600 pound (3,500 kg) Mark 15 hydrogen bomb, is lost in the waters off Savannah, Georgia.
• February 6 – Seven Manchester United footballers are among the 21 people killed in the Munich air disaster in West Germany on the return flight from a European Cup game in Yugoslavia. 23 people survive, but four of them, including manager Matt Busby and players Johnny Berry and Duncan Edwards, are in a serious condition.^[1]
• February 11
  • The strongest ever known solar maximum is recorded.^[2]
  • Marshal Chen Yi succeeds Zhou Enlai as Chinese Minister of Foreign affairs.
  • Ruth Carol Taylor is the first African American woman hired as a flight attendant. Hired by Mohawk Airlines, her career lasts only six months, due to another discriminatory barrier – the airline's ban on married flight attendants.
• February 14 – The Hashemite Kingdoms of Iraq and Jordan unite in the Arab Federation of Iraq and Jordan with Iraqi King Faisal II as head of state.
• February 17 – Pope Pius XII declares Saint Clare the patron saint of television.
• February 20 – A test rocket explodes at Cape Canaveral.
• February 21 – A peace symbol is designed and completed by Gerald Holtom, commissioned by the Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament, in protest against the Atomic Weapons Research Establishment.
• February 23
  • Cuban rebels kidnap five-time world driving champion Juan Manuel Fangio, releasing him 28 hours later.
  • Arturo Frondizi is elected president of Argentina.
• February 24 – In Cuba, Fidel Castro's Radio Rebelde begins broadcasting from Sierra Maestra.
• February 25 – Bertrand Russell launches the Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament.
• February 28 – One of the worst school bus accidents in U.S. history occurs at Prestonburg, Kentucky; 29 are killed.

March[link]

• March 1 – The Turkish passenger ship Uskudar capsizes and sinks at Izmit Bay, Kocaeli, Turkey; at least 300 die.
• March 2 – A British team led by Sir Vivian Fuchs completes the first crossing of the Antarctic in snowcat caterpillar tractors and dogsled teams in 99 days.
• March 8 – The USS Wisconsin is decommissioned, leaving the United States Navy without an active battleship for the first time since 1896 (it is recommissioned October 22, 1988).
• March 11 – A U.S. B-47 bomber accidentally drops an atom bomb on Mars Bluff, South Carolina. Its conventional explosives destroy a house and injure several people, but no nuclear fission occurs.
• March 17 – Convention on the Inter-Governmental Maritime Consultative Organization (IMCO) enters into force, founding the IMCO as a specialized agency of the United Nations.
• March 17 – The United States launches the Vanguard 1 satellite.
• March 19 – Monarch Underwear Company fire in New York.
• March 24 – The U.S. Army inducts Elvis Presley, transforming The King Of Rock & Roll into U.S. private #53310761.
• March 25 – Canada's Avro Arrow makes its debut flight.
• March 26
  • The United States Army launches Explorer 3.
  • The 30th Academy Awards ceremony takes place; The Bridge on the River Kwai wins seven awards, including Academy Award for Best Picture.
• March 27 – Nikita Khrushchev becomes Premier of the Soviet Union.

April[link]

• April – Unemployment in Detroit reaches 20%, marking the height of the Recession of 1958 in the United States.
• April 1 – The BBC Radiophonic Workshop is established.
• April 3 – Castro's revolutionary army begins its attacks on Havana.
• April 4 – April 7 – In the first protest march for the Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament from Hyde Park, London to Aldermaston, Berkshire, demonstrators demand the banning of nuclear weapons.
• April 4 – Cheryl Crane, daughter of actress Lana Turner, fatally stabs her mother's gangster lover Johnny Stompanato (the stabbing is eventually ruled as self-defense).
• April 6 – Soraya Esfandiary Bakhtiari divorces the Shah of Iran, Mohammad Reza Pahlavi after she is unable to produce any children.
• April 14
  • The satellite Sputnik 2 disintegrates in space after several orbits.
  • Van Cliburn wins the Tchaikovsky International Competition for pianists in Moscow, breaking Cold War tensions.
• April 15 – The San Francisco Giants beat the Los Angeles Dodgers 8–0 at San Francisco's Seals Stadium, in the first Major League Baseball regular season game ever played in California.
• April 17 – King Baudouin of Belgium officially opens the World Fair in Brussels, also known as Expo '58. The Atomium forms the centrepiece.
• April 21 - United Airlines Flight 736 is involved in a mid-air collision with a U.S. Air Force F-100F-5-NA Super Sabre jet fighter near Las Vegas, Nevada. All 49 persons in both aircraft are killed.

May[link]

• May 1
  • Arturo Frondizi becomes President of Argentina.
  • The Nordic Passport Union comes into force.
• May 9 – Actor-singer Paul Robeson, whose passport has been reinstated, sings in a sold-out one-man recital at Carnegie Hall. The recital is such a success that Robeson gives another one at Carnegie Hall a few days later; but, after this, Robeson is seldom seen in public in the United States again. His Carnegie Hall concerts are later released on records and on CD.
• May 10 – Interviewed in the Chave d'Ouro café, when asked about his rival António de Oliveira Salazar, Humberto Delgado utters one of the most famous comments in Portuguese political history: "Obviamente, demito-o! (Obviously, I'll sack him!)".
• May 12 – A formal North American Aerospace Defense Command agreement is signed between the United States and Canada.
• May 13
  • French Algerian protesters seize government offices in Algiers, leading to a military coup.
  • During a visit to Caracas, Venezuela, Vice President Richard M. Nixon's car is attacked by anti-American demonstrators.
• May 15 – The Soviet Union launches Sputnik 3.
  • MGM's Gigi opens in New York City, beginning its run in the U.S. after being shown at the Cannes film festival. The last of the great MGM musicals, it will become a huge critical and box office success and win nine Academy Awards including Best Picture. Gigi is Lerner and Loewe's first musical written especially for film, and is deliberately written in a style evoking the team's My Fair Lady, which was still playing on Broadway at the time and could not be filmed yet.
• May 18 – An F-104 Starfighter sets a world speed record of 1,404.19 mph (2,259.82 km/h).
• May 20 – Fulgencio Batista's government launches a counteroffensive against Castro's rebels.
• May 21 – United Kingdom Postmaster General Ernest Marples announces that from December, Subscriber Trunk Dialling will be introduced in the Bristol area.^[3]
• May 23 – Explorer 1 ceases transmission.
• May 30 – The bodies of unidentified United States soldiers killed in action during World War II and the Korean War are buried at the Tomb of the Unknowns in Arlington National Cemetery.

June[link]

• June 1
  • Charles de Gaulle is brought out of retirement to lead France by decree for 6 months.
  • Iceland extends its fishing limits to 12 miles (22.2 km).
• June 2 – In San Simeon, California, Hearst Castle opens to the public for guided tours.^[4]
• June 4 – French President Charles De Gaulle visits Algeria.
• June 8 – The SS Edmund Fitzgerald is launched; she will be the largest Lake freighter for more than a dozen years.
• June 16 – Imre Nagy is hanged for treason in Hungary.
• June 20 – The iron barque Omega of Callao, Peru (built in Scotland, 1887), sinks on passage carrying guano from the Pachacamac Islands for Huacho, the world’s last full rigged ship trading under sail alone.^[5]
• June 27 – The Peronist Party becomes legal again in Argentina.
• June 29 – Brazil beats Sweden 5–2 to win the football World Cup.

July[link]

• July 5 – Gasherbrum I, the 11th highest mountain in the world, is first ascended.
• July 7
  • President Dwight D. Eisenhower signs the Alaska Statehood Act into United States law.
  • The first International House of Pancakes (IHOP) opens in Toluca Lake, Los Angeles.
• July 9 – A 7.5 Richter scale earthquake in Lituya Bay, Alaska, causes a landslide that produces a huge 520-meter high wave.
• July 10 – The first parking meters are installed in Britain.
• July 11 – Count Michael Rhédey von Kis-Rhéde, direct descendant of Samuel Aba, King of Hungary, at the age of 60 is pistol-whipped and murdered over a few hectares of land by Czechoslovak Communists during the collectivization process at his residence in Olcsvar, Slovakia.
• July 12 - Henri Cornelis becomes Governor-General of the Belgian Congo. He was the last Belgian governor of the Congo prior to independence.
• July 15 – In Lebanon, 5,000 United States Marines land in the capital Beirut in order to protect the pro-Western government there.
• July 17 – British paratroopers arrive in Jordan; King Hussein has asked help against pressure from Iraq.
• July 19 - The Beatles, then The Quarrymen, pay 17 shillings and 6 pence to have their first recording session where they record That'll Be The Day by Buddy Holly and In Spite Of All The Danger by Paul McCartney and George Harrison.
• July 20 – Various rebel groups in Cuba join forces but the communists do not join them.
• July 24 – The first life peerage under the Life Peerages Act 1958 is created in the United Kingdom.
• July 26
  • Explorer program: Explorer 4 is launched.
  • Elizabeth II gives her son and heir apparent The Prince Charles the customary title of Prince of Wales.
• July 29 – The U.S. Congress formally creates the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA).
• July 31 – Tibetan resistance movement against rule by China receives support from the United States Central Intelligence Agency.

August[link]

• August 1 – The last Tom and Jerry episode (Tot Watchers) made by William Hanna and Joseph Barbera is released. Tom and Jerry will not be released to theatres again until 1961.
• August 3 – The nuclear powered submarine USS Nautilus becomes the first vessel to cross the North Pole under water.
• August 6 – Australian athlete Herb Elliott clips almost three seconds off the world record for the mile run at Santry Stadium, Dublin, recording a time of 3 minutes 54.5 seconds.
• August 14 – A 4-engine Lockheed L-1049 Super Constellation aircraft belonging to KLM crashes into the sea with 99 people on board.
• August 17 – The first Thor-Able rocket is launched, carrying Pioneer 0, from Cape Canaveral Air Force Station Launch Complex 17. The launch fails due to a first stage malfunction.
• August 18
  • Vladimir Nabokov's controversial novel Lolita is published in the United States.
  • Brojen Das from East Pakistan swims across the English Channel in a competition, as the first Bangali as well as the first Asian to ever do it. He is first among 39 competitors.
• August 23
  • Chinese Civil War: The Second Taiwan Strait crisis begins with the People's Liberation Army's bombardment of Quemoy.
  • President of the United States Dwight D. Eisenhower signs the Federal Aviation Act, transferring all authority over aviation in the USA to the newly created Federal Aviation Agency (FAA, later renamed Federal Aviation Administration).
• August 27 – Operation Argus: The United States begins nuclear tests over the South Atlantic.
• August 29 – Michael Jackson, King Of Pop entertainment legend is born in Gary, Indiana.
• August 30 – September 1 – Notting Hill race riots: Riots between blacks and whites in Notting Hill, London.^[6]

September[link]

• September 1 – The first Cod War begins between the United Kingdom and Iceland.
• September 6 – Paul Robeson performs in concert at the Soviet Young Pioneer camp Artek.
• September 12 – Jack Kilby invents the first integrated circuit.
• September 14 – Two rockets designed by German engineer Ernst Mohr (the first German post-war rockets) reach the upper atmosphere.
• September 27 – Typhoon Ida kills at least 1,269 in Honshū, Japan.
• September 28 – In France, a majority of 79% says yes to the constitution of the Fifth Republic.
• September 30 – The U.S.S.R. performs a nuclear test at Novaya Zemlya.

October[link]

• October 1
  • Tunisia and Morocco join the Arab League.
  • NASA starts operations and replaces the NACA.
• October 2 – Guinea declares itself independent from France.
• October 4 – BOAC uses the new De Havilland Comet jets, to become the first airline to fly jet passenger services across the Atlantic.
• October 9 – Pope Pius XII dies.
• October 11 – Pioneer 1, the second and most successful of the 3 project Able space probes, becomes the first spacecraft launched by the newly formed NASA.
• October 16 – First broadcast of the long-running BBC Television children's programme Blue Peter.^[7]
• October 21 – The Life Peerages Act entitles women to sit in the British House of Lords for the first time. The Baronesses Swanborough (Stella Isaacs, Marchioness of Reading) and Wooton (Barbara Wooton) are the first to take their seats.
• October 26 – First transatlantic flight of a Pan American World Airways Boeing 707.
• October 28 – Pope John XXIII succeeds Pope Pius XII as the 261st pope.

November[link]

• November 3 – The new UNESCO building is inaugurated in Paris.
• November 10 – The Bossa nova is born in Rio de Janeiro, with João Gilberto's recording of Chega de Saudade.
• November 18 - The SS Carl D. Bradley sinks in a storm on Lake Michigan, killing 33 of the 35 crewmen on board.
• November 22 – The Menzies Liberal government in Australia is re-elected for a fifth term.
• November 23 - The radio version of Have Gun - Will Travel premieres. It is one of the last dramas to go on the air on commercial radio. Only some NPR stations will broadcast radio dramas in years to come.
• November 25 – French Sudan gains autonomy as a self-governing member of the French colonial empire.
• November 28 – Chad, the Republic of the Congo, and Gabon become autonomous republics within the French colonial empire.
• November 29 - Ted Kennedy marries Virginia Joan Bennett at St. Joseph's Church in Bronxville, New York.
• November 30 – Gaullists win the French parliamentary election.

December[link]

• December 1
  • Adolfo López Mateos takes office as President of Mexico.
  • Our Lady of the Angels School Fire: At least ninety students and three nuns are killed in a fire in Chicago.
• December 5
  • Subscriber trunk dialling (STD) is inaugurated in the UK by the Queen, when she dials a call from Bristol to Edinburgh and speaks to the Lord Provost.^[8]
  • The Preston bypass, the United Kingdom's first motorway, opens to traffic for the first time. This stretch is now part of the M6 and M55 motorways.
• December 6 – The 3rd launch of a Thor-Able rocket, carrying Pioneer 2, is unsuccessful due to a 3rd stage ignition failure.
• December 9 – The right-wing John Birch Society is founded in the USA by Robert Welch, a retired candy manufacturer.
• December 14 – The 3rd Soviet Antarctic Expedition becomes the first ever to reach the Southern Pole of Inaccessibility.
• December 15 – Arthur L. Schawlow and Charles H. Townes of Bell Laboratories publish a paper in Physical Review Letters setting out the principles of the optical laser.
• December 16 - A fire breaks out in the Vida Department Store in Bogota, Colombia and kills 84 persons.
• December 19 – President Dwight D. Eisenhower broadcasts a message from a Project SCORE satellite.
• December 21 – General Charles de Gaulle is elected president of France with 78.5% of the votes.
• December 24 – A BOAC Bristol Britannia (312 G-AOVD) crashes near Winkton, England during a test flight.
• December 25 – Tchaikovsky's ballet The Nutcracker (the George Balanchine version) is shown on prime-time television in color for the first time, as an episode of the CBS anthology series Playhouse 90.
• December 28 – The Baltimore Colts beat the New York Giants 23–17 to win the NFL Championship Game, the first to go into sudden death overtime and "The Greatest Game Ever Played".^[9].
• December 29 – Rebel troops under Che Guevara begin to invade Santa Clara, Cuba. Fulgencio Batista resigns two days later, on the night of the 31st.
• December 31 – Tallies reveal that, for the first time, the total of passengers carried by air this year exceeds the total carried by sea in transatlantic service.